[Title 40 CFR 60.105a]
[Code of Federal Regulations (annual edition) - July 1, 2009 Edition]
[Title 40 - PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT]
[Chapter I - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)]
[Subchapter C - AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED)]
[Part 60 - STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES--]
[Subpart Ja - Standards of Performance for Petroleum Refineries for Which]
[Sec. 60.105a - Monitoring of emissions and operations for fluid catalytic]
[From the U.S. Government Printing Office]


40PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT62009-07-012009-07-01false60.105aSec. 60.105aPROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED)STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES--Standards of Performance for Petroleum Refineries for Which
Sec. 60.105a  Monitoring of emissions and operations for fluid catalytic
cracking units (FCCU) and fluid coking units (FCU).

    (a) FCCU and FCU subject to PM emissions limit. Each owner or 
operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall monitor each 
FCCU and FCU subject to the PM emissions limit in Sec. 60.102a(b)(1) 
according to the requirements in paragraph (b), (c), (d), or (e) of this 
section.
    (b) Control device operating parameters. Each owner or operator of a 
FCCU or FCU subject to the PM per coke burn-off emissions limit in Sec. 
60.102a(b)(1) shall comply with the requirements in paragraphs (b)(1) 
through (3) of this section.
    (1) The owner or operator shall install, operate, and maintain 
continuous parameter monitor systems (CPMS) to measure and record 
operating parameters for each control device according to the 
requirements in paragraph (b)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section.
    (i) For units controlled using an electrostatic precipitator, the 
owner or operator shall use CPMS to measure and record the hourly 
average total power input and secondary voltage to the entire system.
    (ii) For units controlled using a wet scrubber, the owner or 
operator shall use CPMS to measure and record the hourly average 
pressure drop, liquid feed rate, and exhaust gas flow rate. As an 
alternative to a CPMS, the owner or operator must comply with the 
requirements in either paragraph (b)(1)(ii)(A) or (B) of this section.
    (A) As an alterative to pressure drop, the owner or operator of a 
jet ejector type wet scrubber or other type of wet scrubber equipped 
with atomizing spray nozzles must conduct a daily check of the air or 
water pressure to the spray nozzles and record the results of each 
check.
    (B) As an alternative to exhaust gas flow rate, the owner or 
operator shall comply with the approved alternative for monitoring 
exhaust gas flow rate in 40 CFR 63.1573(a) of the National Emission 
Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Petroleum Refineries: 
Catalytic Cracking Units, Catalytic Reforming Units, and Sulfur Recovery 
Units.
    (iii) The owner or operator shall install, operate, and maintain 
each CPMS according to the manufacturer's specifications and 
requirements.
    (iv) The owner or operator shall determine and record the average 
coke burn-off rate and hours of operation for each FCCU or FCU using the 
procedures in Sec. 60.104a(d)(4)(iii).
    (v) If you use a control device other than an electrostatic 
precipitator, wet scrubber, fabric filter, or cyclone, you may request 
approval to monitor parameters other than those required in paragraph 
(b)(1) of this section by submitting an alternative monitoring plan to 
the Administrator. The request must include the information in 
paragraphs (b)(1)(v)(A) through (E) of this section.
    (A) A description of each affected facility and the parameter(s) to 
be monitored to determine whether the affected facility will 
continuously comply with the emission limitations and an explanation of 
the criteria used to select the parameter(s).
    (B) A description of the methods and procedures that will be used to 
demonstrate that the parameter(s) can be used to determine whether the 
affected facility will continuously comply with the emission limitations 
and the schedule for this demonstration. The owner or operator must 
certify that an operating limit will be established for the monitored 
parameter(s) that represents the conditions in existence when the 
control device is being properly operated and maintained to meet the 
emission limitation.
    (C) The frequency and content of the recordkeeping, recording, and 
reporting, if monitoring and recording are not continuous. The owner or 
operator also must include the rationale for the proposed monitoring, 
recording, and reporting requirements.
    (D) Supporting calculations.
    (E) Averaging time for the alternative operating parameter.
    (2) For use in determining the coke burn-off rate for an FCCU or 
FCU, the

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owner or operator shall install, operate, calibrate, and maintain an 
instrument for continuously monitoring the concentrations of 
CO2, O2 (dry basis), and if needed, CO in the 
exhaust gases prior to any control or energy recovery system that burns 
auxiliary fuels.
    (i) The owner or operator shall install, operate, and maintain each 
monitor according to Performance Specification 3 of appendix B to part 
60.
    (ii) The owner or operator shall conduct performance evaluations of 
each CO2, O2, and CO monitor according to the 
requirements in Sec. 60.13(c) and Performance Specification 3 of 
appendix B to part 60. The owner or operator shall use Method 3 of 
appendix A-3 to part 60 for conducting the relative accuracy 
evaluations.
    (iii) The owner or operator shall comply with the quality assurance 
requirements of procedure 1 of appendix F to part 60, including 
quarterly accuracy determinations for CO2 and CO monitors, 
annual accuracy determinations for O2 monitors, and daily 
calibration drift tests.
    (c) Bag leak detection systems. Each owner or operator shall 
install, operate, and maintain a bag leak detection system for each 
baghouse or similar fabric filter control device that is used to comply 
with the PM per coke burn-off emissions limit in Sec. 60.102a(b)(1) for 
an FCCU or FCU according to paragraph (c)(1) of this section; prepare 
and operate by a site-specific monitoring plan according to paragraph 
(c)(2) of this section; take action according to paragraph (c)(3) of 
this section; and record information according to paragraph (c)(4) of 
this section.
    (1) Each bag leak detection system must meet the specifications and 
requirements in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) through (viii) of this section.
    (i) The bag leak detection system must be certified by the 
manufacturer to be capable of detecting PM emissions at concentrations 
of 0.00044 grains per actual cubic foot or less.
    (ii) The bag leak detection system sensor must provide output of 
relative PM loadings. The owner or operator shall continuously record 
the output from the bag leak detection system using electronic or other 
means (e.g., using a strip chart recorder or a data logger).
    (iii) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with an alarm 
system that will sound when the system detects an increase in relative 
particulate loading over the alarm set point established according to 
paragraph (c)(1)(iv) of this section, and the alarm must be located such 
that it can be heard by the appropriate plant personnel.
    (iv) In the initial adjustment of the bag leak detection system, the 
owner or operator must establish, at a minimum, the baseline output by 
adjusting the sensitivity (range) and the averaging period of the 
device, the alarm set points, and the alarm delay time.
    (v) Following initial adjustment, the owner or operator shall not 
adjust the averaging period, alarm set point, or alarm delay time 
without approval from the Administrator or delegated authority except as 
provided in paragraph (c)(1)(vi) of this section.
    (vi) Once per quarter, the owner or operator may adjust the 
sensitivity of the bag leak detection system to account for seasonal 
effects, including temperature and humidity, according to the procedures 
identified in the site-specific monitoring plan required by paragraph 
(c)(2) of this section.
    (vii) The owner or operator shall install the bag leak detection 
sensor downstream of the baghouse and upstream of any wet scrubber.
    (viii) Where multiple detectors are required, the system's 
instrumentation and alarm may be shared among detectors.
    (2) The owner or operator shall develop and submit to the 
Administrator for approval a site-specific monitoring plan for each 
baghouse and bag leak detection system. The owner or operator shall 
operate and maintain each baghouse and bag leak detection system 
according to the site-specific monitoring plan at all times. Each 
monitoring plan must describe the items in paragraphs (c)(2)(i) through 
(vii) of this section.
    (i) Installation of the bag leak detection system;

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    (ii) Initial and periodic adjustment of the bag leak detection 
system, including how the alarm set-point will be established;
    (iii) Operation of the bag leak detection system, including quality 
assurance procedures;
    (iv) How the bag leak detection system will be maintained, including 
a routine maintenance schedule and spare parts inventory list;
    (v) How the bag leak detection system output will be recorded and 
stored;
    (vi) Procedures as specified in paragraph (c)(3) of this section. In 
approving the site-specific monitoring plan, the Administrator or 
delegated authority may allow owners and operators more than 3 hours to 
alleviate a specific condition that causes an alarm if the owner or 
operator identifies in the monitoring plan this specific condition as 
one that could lead to an alarm, adequately explains why it is not 
feasible to alleviate this condition within 3 hours of the time the 
alarm occurs, and demonstrates that the requested time will ensure 
alleviation of this condition as expeditiously as practicable; and
    (vii) How the baghouse system will be operated and maintained, 
including monitoring of pressure drop across baghouse cells and 
frequency of visual inspections of the baghouse interior and baghouse 
components such as fans and dust removal and bag cleaning mechanisms.
    (3) For each bag leak detection system, the owner or operator shall 
initiate procedures to determine the cause of every alarm within 1 hour 
of the alarm. Except as provided in paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this 
section, the owner or operator shall alleviate the cause of the alarm 
within 3 hours of the alarm by taking whatever action(s) are necessary. 
Actions may include, but are not limited to the following:
    (i) Inspecting the baghouse for air leaks, torn or broken bags or 
filter media, or any other condition that may cause an increase in 
particulate emissions;
    (ii) Sealing off defective bags or filter media;
    (iii) Replacing defective bags or filter media or otherwise 
repairing the control device;
    (iv) Sealing off a defective baghouse compartment;
    (v) Cleaning the bag leak detection system probe or otherwise 
repairing the bag leak detection system; or
    (vi) Shutting down the process producing the particulate emissions.
    (4) The owner or operator shall maintain records of the information 
specified in paragraphs (c)(4)(i) through (iii) of this section for each 
bag leak detection system.
    (i) Records of the bag leak detection system output;
    (ii) Records of bag leak detection system adjustments, including the 
date and time of the adjustment, the initial bag leak detection system 
settings, and the final bag leak detection system settings; and
    (iii) The date and time of all bag leak detection system alarms, the 
time that procedures to determine the cause of the alarm were initiated, 
the cause of the alarm, an explanation of the actions taken, the date 
and time the cause of the alarm was alleviated, and whether the alarm 
was alleviated within 3 hours of the alarm.
    (d) Continuous emissions monitoring systems (CEMS). An owner or 
operator subject to the PM concentration emission limit (in gr/dscf) in 
Sec. 60.102a(b)(1) for an FCCU or FCU shall install, operate, 
calibrate, and maintain an instrument for continuously monitoring and 
recording the concentration (0 percent excess air) of PM in the exhaust 
gases prior to release to the atmosphere. The monitor must include an 
O2 monitor for correcting the data for excess air.
    (1) The owner or operator shall install, operate, and maintain each 
PM monitor according to Performance Specification 11 of appendix B to 
part 60. The span value of this PM monitor is 0.08 gr/dscf PM.
    (2) The owner or operator shall conduct performance evaluations of 
each PM monitor according to the requirements in Sec. 60.13(c) and 
Performance Specification 11 of appendix B to part 60. The owner or 
operator shall use EPA Methods 5 or 5I of appendix A-3 to part 60 or 
Method 17 of appendix A-6 to part 60 for conducting the relative 
accuracy evaluations.
    (3) The owner or operator shall install, operate, and maintain each 
O2

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monitor according to Performance Specification 3 of appendix B to part 
60. The span value of this O2 monitor must be selected 
between 10 and 25 percent, inclusive.
    (4) The owner or operator shall conduct performance evaluations of 
each O2 monitor according to the requirements in Sec. 
60.13(c) and Performance Specification 3 of appendix B to part 60. 
Method 3, 3A, or 3B of appendix A-2 to part 60 shall be used for 
conducting the relative accuracy evaluations. The method ANSI/ASME PTC 
19.10-1981, ``Flue and Exhaust Gas Analyses,'' (incorporated by 
reference--see Sec. 60.17) is an acceptable alternative to EPA Method 
3B of appendix A-2 to part 60.
    (5) The owner or operator shall comply with the quality assurance 
requirements of Procedure 2 of appendix B to part 60 for each PM CEMS 
and Procedure 1 of appendix F to part 60 for each O2 monitor, 
including quarterly accuracy determinations for each PM monitor, annual 
accuracy determinations for each O2 monitor, and daily 
calibration drift tests.
    (e) Alternative monitoring option for FCCU and FCU--COMS. Each owner 
or operator of an FCCU or FCU that uses cyclones to comply with the PM 
emission limit in Sec. 60.102a(b)(1) shall monitor the opacity of 
emissions according to the requirements in paragraphs (e)(1) through (3) 
of this section.
    (1) The owner or operator shall install, operate, and maintain an 
instrument for continuously monitoring and recording the opacity of 
emissions from the FCCU or the FCU exhaust vent.
    (2) The owner or operator shall install, operate, and maintain each 
COMS according to Performance Specification 1 of appendix B to part 60. 
The instrument shall be spanned at 20 to 60 percent opacity.
    (3) The owner or operator shall conduct performance evaluations of 
each COMS according to Sec. 60.13(c) and Performance Specification 1 of 
appendix B to part 60.
    (f) FCCU and FCU subject to NOX limit. Each owner or operator 
subject to the NOX emissions limit in Sec. 60.102a(b)(2) for 
an FCCU or FCU shall install, operate, calibrate, and maintain an 
instrument for continuously monitoring and recording the concentration 
by volume (dry basis, 0 percent excess air) of NOX emissions 
into the atmosphere. The monitor must include an O2 monitor 
for correcting the data for excess air.
    (1) The owner or operator shall install, operate, and maintain each 
NOX monitor according to Performance Specification 2 of 
appendix B to part 60. The span value of this NOX monitor is 
200 ppmv NOX.
    (2) The owner or operator shall conduct performance evaluations of 
each NOX monitor according to the requirements in Sec. 
60.13(c) and Performance Specification 2 of appendix B to part 60. The 
owner or operator shall use Methods 7, 7A, 7C, 7D, or 7E of appendix A-4 
to part 60 for conducting the relative accuracy evaluations. The method 
ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981, ``Flue and Exhaust Gas Analyses,'' 
(incorporated by reference--see Sec. 60.17) is an acceptable 
alternative to EPA Method 7 or 7C of appendix A-4 to part 60.
    (3) The owner or operator shall install, operate, and maintain each 
O2 monitor according to Performance Specification 3 of 
appendix B to part 60. The span value of this O2 monitor must 
be selected between 10 and 25 percent, inclusive.
    (4) The owner or operator shall conduct performance evaluations of 
each O2 monitor according to the requirements in Sec. 
60.13(c) and Performance Specification 3 of appendix B to part 60. 
Method 3, 3A, or 3B of appendix A-2 to part 60 shall be used for 
conducting the relative accuracy evaluations. The method ANSI/ASME PTC 
19.10-1981, ``Flue and Exhaust Gas Analyses,'' (incorporated by 
reference--see Sec. 60.17) is an acceptable alternative to EPA Method 
3B of appendix A-2 to part 60.
    (5) The owner or operator shall comply with the quality assurance 
requirements of Procedure 1 of appendix F to part 60 for each 
NOX and O2 monitor, including quarterly accuracy 
determinations for NOX monitors, annual accuracy 
determinations for O2 monitors, and daily calibration drift 
tests.
    (g) FCCU and FCU subject to SO2 limit. The owner or operator subject 
to the SO2 emissions limit in Sec. 60.102a(b)(3) for an FCCU 
or an FCU shall install, operate, calibrate, and maintain an instrument 
for continuously monitoring and

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recording the concentration by volume (dry basis, corrected to 0 percent 
excess air) of SO2 emissions into the atmosphere. The monitor 
shall include an O2 monitor for correcting the data for 
excess air.
    (1) The owner or operator shall install, operate, and maintain each 
SO2 monitor according to Performance Specification 2 of 
appendix B to part 60. The span value of this SO2 monitor is 
200 ppmv SO2.
    (2) The owner or operator shall conduct performance evaluations of 
each SO2 monitor according to the requirements in Sec. 
60.13(c) and Performance Specification 2 of appendix B to part 60. The 
owner or operator shall use Methods 6, 6A, or 6C of appendix A-4 to part 
60 for conducting the relative accuracy evaluations. The method ANSI / 
ASME PTC 19.10-1981, ``Flue and Exhaust Gas Analyses,'' (incorporated by 
reference--see Sec. 60.17) is an acceptable alternative to EPA Method 6 
or 6A of appendix A-4 to part 60.
    (3) The owner or operator shall install, operate, and maintain each 
O2 monitor according to Performance Specification 3 of 
appendix B to part 60. The span value of this O2 monitor must 
be selected between 10 and 25 percent, inclusive.
    (4) The owner or operator shall conduct performance evaluations of 
each O2 monitor according to the requirements in Sec. 
60.13(c) and Performance Specification 3 of appendix B to part 60. 
Method 3, 3A, or 3B of appendix A-2 to part 60 shall be used for 
conducting the relative accuracy evaluations. The method ANSI/ASME PTC 
19.10-1981, ``Flue and Exhaust Gas Analyses,'' (incorporated by 
reference--see Sec. 60.17) is an acceptable alternative to EPA Method 
3B of appendix A-2 to part 60.
    (5) The owner or operator shall comply with the quality assurance 
requirements in Procedure 1 of appendix F to part 60 for each 
SO2 and O2 monitor, including quarterly accuracy 
determinations for SO2 monitors, annual accuracy 
determinations for O2 monitors, and daily calibration drift 
tests.
    (h) FCCU and fluid coking units subject to CO emissions limit. 
Except as specified in paragraph (h)(3) of this section, the owner or 
operator shall install, operate, calibrate, and maintain an instrument 
for continuously monitoring and recording the concentration by volume 
(dry basis) of CO emissions into the atmosphere from each FCCU and FCU 
subject to the CO emissions limit in Sec. 60.102a(b)(4).
    (1) The owner or operator shall install, operate, and maintain each 
CO monitor according to Performance Specification 4 or 4A of appendix B 
to part 60. The span value for this instrument is 1,000 ppm CO.
    (2) The owner or operator shall conduct performance evaluations of 
each CO monitor according to the requirements in Sec. 60.13(c) and 
Performance Specification 4 or 4A of appendix B to part 60. The owner or 
operator shall use Methods 10, 10A, or 10B of appendix A-4 to part 60 
for conducting the relative accuracy evaluations.
    (3) A CO CEMS need not be installed if the owner or operator 
demonstrates that all hourly average CO emissions are and will remain 
less than 50 ppmv (dry basis) corrected to 0 percent excess air. The 
Administrator may revoke this exemption from monitoring upon a 
determination that CO emissions on an hourly average basis have exceeded 
50 ppmv (dry basis) corrected to 0 percent excess air, in which case a 
CO CEMS shall be installed within 180 days.
    (i) The demonstration shall consist of continuously monitoring CO 
emissions for 30 days using an instrument that meets the requirements of 
Performance Specification 4 or 4A of appendix B to part 60. The span 
value shall be 100 ppm CO instead of 1,000 ppm, and the relative 
accuracy limit shall be 10 percent of the average CO emissions or 5 ppm 
CO, whichever is greater. For instruments that are identical to Method 
10 of appendix A-4 to part 60 and employ the sample conditioning system 
of Method 10A of appendix A-4 to part 60, the alternative relative 
accuracy test procedure in section 10.1 of Performance Specification 2 
of appendix B to part 60 may be used in place of the relative accuracy 
test.
    (ii) The owner or operator must submit the following information to 
the Administrator:
    (A) The measurement data specified in paragraph (h)(3)(i) of this 
section

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along with all other operating data known to affect CO emissions; and
    (B) Descriptions of the CPMS for exhaust gas temperature and 
O2 monitor required in paragraph (h)(4) of this section and 
operating limits for those parameters to ensure combustion conditions 
remain similar to those that exist during the demonstration period.
    (iii) The effective date of the exemption from installation and 
operation of a CO CEMS is the date of submission of the information and 
data required in paragraph (h)(3)(ii) of this section.
    (4) The owner or operator of a FCCU or FCU that is exempted from the 
requirement to install and operate a CO CEMS in paragraph (h)(3) of this 
section shall install, operate, calibrate, and maintain CPMS to measure 
and record the operating parameters in paragraph (h)(4)(i) or (ii) of 
this section. The owner or operator shall install, operate, and maintain 
each CPMS according to the manufacturer's specifications.
    (i) For a FCCU or FCU with no post-combustion control device, the 
temperature and O2 concentration of the exhaust gas stream 
exiting the unit.
    (ii) For a FCCU or FCU with a post-combustion control device, the 
temperature and O2 concentration of the exhaust gas stream 
exiting the control device.
    (i) Excess emissions. For the purpose of reports required by Sec. 
60.7(c), periods of excess emissions for a FCCU or FCU subject to the 
emissions limitations in Sec. 60.102a(b) are defined as specified in 
paragraphs (i)(1) through (6) of this section. Note: Determine all 
averages, except for opacity, as the arithmetic average of the 
applicable 1-hour averages, e.g., determine the rolling 3-hour average 
as the arithmetic average of three contiguous 1-hour averages.
    (1) If a CPMS is used according to Sec. 60.105a(b)(1), all 3-hour 
periods during which the average PM control device operating 
characteristics, as measured by the continuous monitoring systems under 
Sec. 60.105a(b)(1), fall below the levels established during the 
performance test.
    (2) If a PM CEMS is used according to Sec. 60.105a(d), all 7-day 
periods during which the average PM emission rate, as measured by the 
continuous PM monitoring system under Sec. 60.105a(d) exceeds 0.040 gr/
dscf corrected to 0 percent excess air for a modified or reconstructed 
FCCU, 0.020 gr/dscf corrected to 0 percent excess air for a newly 
constructed FCCU, or 0.040 gr/dscf for an affected fluid coking unit.
    (3) If a COMS is used according to Sec. 60.105a(e), all 3-hour 
periods during which the average opacity, as measured by the COMS under 
Sec. 60.105a(e), exceeds the site-specific limit established during the 
most recent performance test.
    (4) All rolling 7-day periods during which the average concentration 
of NOX as measured by the NOX CEMS under Sec. 
60.105a(f) exceeds 80 ppmv for an affected FCCU or FCU.
    (5) Except as provided in paragraph (i)(7) of this section, all 
rolling 7-day periods during which the average concentration of 
SO2 as measured by the SO2 CEMS under Sec. 
60.105a(g) exceeds 50 ppmv, and all rolling 365-day periods during which 
the average concentration of SO2 as measured by the 
SO2 CEMS exceeds 25 ppmv.
    (6) All 1-hour periods during which the average CO concentration as 
measured by the CO continuous monitoring system under Sec. 1A60.105a(h) 
exceeds 500 ppmv or, if applicable, all 1-hour periods during which the 
average temperature and O2 concentration as measured by the 
continuous monitoring systems under Sec. 60.105a(h)(4) fall below the 
operating limits established during the performance test.