[Title 40 CFR 60.106]
[Code of Federal Regulations (annual edition) - July 1, 2009 Edition]
[Title 40 - PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT]
[Chapter I - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)]
[Subchapter C - AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED)]
[Part 60 - STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES--]
[Subpart J - Standards of Performance for Petroleum Refineries]
[Sec. 60.106 - Test methods and procedures.]
[From the U.S. Government Printing Office]
40PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT62009-07-012009-07-01falseTest methods and procedures.60.106Sec. 60.106PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED)STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES--Standards of Performance for Petroleum Refineries
Sec. 60.106 Test methods and procedures.
(a) In conducting the performance tests required in Sec. 60.8, the
owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test
methods in appendix A of this part or other methods and procedures as
specified in this section, except as provided in Sec. 60.8(b).
(b) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the
particulate matter (PM) standards in Sec. 60.102(a) as follows:
(1) The emission rate (E) of PM shall be computed for each run using
the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17OC00.000
Where:
E = Emission rate of PM, kg/Mg (lb/ton) of coke burn-off.
cs = Concentration of PM, g/dscm (gr/dscf).
Qsd = Volumetric flow rate of effluent gas, dscm/hr (dscf/
hr).
Rc = Coke burn-off rate, Mg/hr (ton/hr) coke.
K=Conversion factor, 1,000 g/kg (7,000 gr/lb).
(2) Method 5B or 5F is to be used to determine particulate matter
emissions and associated moisture content from affected facilities
without wet FGD systems; only Method 5B is to be used after wet FGD
systems. The sampling time for each run shall be at least 60 minutes and
the sampling rate shall be at least 0.015 dscm/min (0.53 dscf/min),
except that shorter sampling times may be approved by the Administrator
when process variables or other factors preclude sampling for at least
60 minutes.
(3) The coke burn-off rate (Rc) shall be computed for
each run using the following equation:
Rc = K1Qr (%CO2 + %CO) +
K2Qa-K3Qr (%CO/2 +
%CO2 + %O2) + K3Qoxy
(%Ooxy)
Where:
Rc = Coke burn-off rate, kilograms per hour (kg/hr) (lb/hr).
Qr = Volumetric flow rate of exhaust gas from fluid catalytic
cracking unit regenerator before entering the emission control system,
dscm/min (dscf/min).
Qa = Volumetric flow rate of air to fluid catalytic cracking
unit regenerator, as determined from the fluid catalytic cracking unit
control room instrumentation, dscm/min (dscf/min).
Qoxy = Volumetric flow rate of O2 enriched air to
fluid catalytic cracking unit regenerator, as determined from the fluid
catalytic cracking unit control room instrumentation, dscm/min (dscf/
min).
%CO2 = Carbon dioxide concentration in fluid catalytic
cracking unit regenerator exhaust, percent by volume (dry basis).
%CO = CO concentration in FCCU regenerator exhaust, percent by volume
(dry basis).
%O2 = O2 concentration in fluid catalytic cracking
unit regenerator exhaust, percent by volume (dry basis).
%Ooxy = O2 concentration in O2 enriched
air stream inlet to the fluid catalytic cracking unit regenerator,
percent by volume (dry basis).
K1 = Material balance and conversion factor, 0.2982 (kg-min)/
(hr-dscm-%) [0.0186 (lb-min)/(hr-dscf-%)].
K2 = Material balance and conversion factor, 2.088 (kg-min)/
(hr-dscm) [0.1303 (lb-min)/(hr-dscf)].
K3 = Material balance and conversion factor, 0.0994 (kg-min)/
(hr-dscm-%) [0.00624 (lb-min)/(hr-dscf-%)].
(i) Method 2 shall be used to determine the volumetric flow rate
(Qr).
(ii) The emission correction factor, integrated sampling and
analysis procedure of Method 3B shall be used to determine
CO2, CO, and O2 concentrations.
(4) Method 9 and the procedures of Sec. 60.11 shall be used to
determine opacity.
(c) If auxiliary liquid or solid fossil-fuels are burned in an
incinerator-waste heat boiler, the owner or operator shall determine the
emission rate of PM permitted in Sec. 60.102(b) as follows:
(1) The allowable emission rate (Es) of PM shall be
computed for each run using the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17OC00.002
Where:
[[Page 324]]
Es = Emission rate of PM allowed, kg/Mg (lb/ton) of coke
burn-off in catalyst regenerator.
F=Emission standard, 1.0 kg/Mg (2.0 lb/ton) of coke burn-off in catalyst
regenerator.
A = Allowable incremental rate of PM emissions, 7.5 x 10-4
kg/million J (0.10 lb/million Btu).
H = Heat input rate from solid or liquid fossil fuel, million J/hr
(million Btu/hr).
Rc = Coke burn-off rate, Mg coke/hr (ton coke/hr).
(2) Procedures subject to the approval of the Administrator shall be
used to determine the heat input rate.
(3) The procedure in paragraph (b)(3) of this section shall be used
to determine the coke burn-off rate (Rc).
(d) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the CO
standard in Sec. 60.103(a) by using the integrated sampling technique
of Method 10 to determine the CO concentration (dry basis). The sampling
time for each run shall be 60 minutes.
(e)(1) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the
H2S standard in Sec. 60.104(a)(1) as follows: Method 11, 15,
15A, or 16 shall be used to determine the H2S concentration.
The gases entering the sampling train should be at about atmospheric
pressure. If the pressure in the refinery fuel gas lines is relatively
high, a flow control valve may be used to reduce the pressure. If the
line pressure is high enough to operate the sampling train without a
vacuum pump, the pump may be eliminated from the sampling train. The
sample shall be drawn from a point near the centroid of the fuel gas
line.
(i) For Method 11, the sampling time and sample volume shall be at
least 10 minutes and 0.010 dscm (0.35 dscf). Two samples of equal
sampling times shall be taken at about 1-hour intervals. The arithmetic
average of these two samples shall constitute a run. For most fuel
gases, sampling times exceeding 20 minutes may result in depletion of
the collection solution, although fuel gases containing low
concentrations of H2S may necessitate sampling for longer
periods of time.
(ii) For Method 15 or 16, at least three injects over a 1-hour
period shall constitute a run.
(iii) For Method 15A, a 1-hour sample shall constitute a run.
(2) Where emissions are monitored by Sec. 60.105(a)(3), compliance
with Sec. 60.104(a)(1) shall be determined using Method 6 or 6C and
Method 3 or 3A. The method ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981, ``Flue and Exhaust
Gas Analyses,'' (incorporated by reference--see Sec. 60.17) is an
acceptable alternative to EPA Method 6. A 1-hour sample shall constitute
a run. Method 6 samples shall be taken at a rate of approximately 2
liters/min. The ppm correction factor (Method 6) and the sampling
location in paragraph (f)(1) of this section apply. Method 4 shall be
used to determine the moisture content of the gases. The sampling point
for Method 4 shall be adjacent to the sampling point for Method 6 or 6C.
(f) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the
SO2 and the H2S and reduced sulfur standards in
Sec. 60.104(a)(2) as follows:
(1) Method 6 shall be used to determine the SO2
concentration. The concentration in mg/dscm obtained by Method 6 or 6C
is multiplied by 0.3754 to obtain the concentration in ppm. The sampling
point in the duct shall be the centroid of the cross section if the
cross-sectional area is less than 5.00 m\2\ (53.8 ft\2\) or at a point
no closer to the walls than 1.00 m (39.4 in.) if the cross-sectional
area is 5.00 m\2\ or more and the centroid is more than 1 m from the
wall. The sampling time and sample volume shall be at least 10 minutes
and 0.010 dscm (0.35 dscf) for each sample. Eight samples of equal
sampling times shall be taken at about 30-minute intervals. The
arithmetic average of these eight samples shall constitute a run. For
Method 6C, a run shall consist of the arithmetic average of four 1-hour
samples. Method 4 shall be used to determine the moisture content of the
gases. The sampling point for Method 4 shall be adjacent to the sampling
point for Method 6 or 6C. The sampling time for each sample shall be
equal to the time it takes for two Method 6 samples. The moisture
content from this sample shall be used to correct the corresponding
Method 6 samples for moisture. For documenting the oxidation efficiency
of the control device for reduced sulfur compounds, Method 15 shall be
used following the procedures of paragraph (f)(2) of this section.
[[Page 325]]
(2) Method 15 shall be used to determine the reduced sulfur and
H2 S concentrations. Each run shall consist of 16 samples
taken over a minimum of 3 hours. The sampling point shall be the same as
that described for Method 6 in paragraph (f)(1) of this section. To
ensure minimum residence time for the sample inside the sample lines,
the sampling rate shall be at least 3.0 lpm (0.10 cfm). The
SO2 equivalent for each run shall be calculated after being
corrected for moisture and oxygen as the arithmetic average of the
SO2 equivalent for each sample during the run. Method 4 shall
be used to determine the moisture content of the gases as the paragraph
(f)(1) of this section. The sampling time for each sample shall be equal
to the time it takes for four Method 15 samples.
(3) The oxygen concentration used to correct the emission rate for
excess air shall be obtained by the integrated sampling and analysis
procedure of Method 3 or 3A. The samples shall be taken simultaneously
with the SO2, reduced sulfur and H2S, or moisture
samples. The SO2, reduced sulfur, and H2S samples
shall be corrected to zero percent excess air using the equation in
paragraph (h)(6) of this section.
(g) Each performance test conducted for the purpose of determining
compliance under Sec. 60.104(b) shall consist of all testing performed
over a 7-day period using Method 6 or 6C and Method 3 or 3A. To
determine compliance, the arithmetic mean of the results of all the
tests shall be compared with the applicable standard.
(h) For the purpose of determining compliance with Sec.
60.104(b)(1), the following calculation procedures shall be used:
(1) Calculate each 1-hour average concentration (dry, zero percent
oxygen, ppmv) of sulfur dioxide at both the inlet and the outlet to the
add-on control device as specified in Sec. 60.13(h). These calculations
are made using the emission data collected under Sec. 60.105(a).
(2) Calculate a 7-day average (arithmetic mean) concentration of
sulfur dioxide for the inlet and for the outlet to the add-on control
device using all of the 1-hour average concentration values obtained
during seven successive 24-hour periods.
(3) Calculate the 7-day average percent reduction using the
following equation:
Rso2 = 100(Cso2(i)-Cso2(o))/
Cso2(i)
where:
Rso2 = 7-day average sulfur dioxide emission reduction,
percent
Cso2(i) = sulfur dioxide emission concentration determined in
Sec. 60.106(h)(2) at the inlet to the add-on control device, ppmv
Cso2(o) = sulfur dioxide emission concentration determined in
Sec. 60.106(h)(2) at the outlet to the add-on control device, ppmv
100 = conversion factor, decimal to percent
(4) Outlet concentrations of sulfur dioxide from the add-on control
device for compliance with the 50 ppmv standard, reported on a dry,
O2-free basis, shall be calculated using the procedures
outlined in Sec. 60.106(h)(1) and (2) above, but for the outlet monitor
only.
(5) If supplemental sampling data are used for determining the 7-day
averages under paragraph (h) of this section and such data are not
hourly averages, then the value obtained for each supplemental sample
shall be assumed to represent the hourly average for each hour over
which the sample was obtained.
(6) For the purpose of adjusting pollutant concentrations to zero
percent oxygen, the following equation shall be used:
Cadj = Cmeas [20.9c/(20.9-
%O2)]
where:
Cadj = pollutant concentration adjusted to zero percent
oxygen, ppm or g/dscm
Cmeas = pollutant concentration measured on a dry basis, ppm
or g/dscm
20.9c = 20.9 percent oxygen-0.0 percent oxygen (defined
oxygen correction basis), percent
20.9 = oxygen concentration in air, percent
%O2 = oxygen concentration measured on a dry basis, percent
(i) For the purpose of determining compliance with Sec.
60.104(b)(2), the following reference methods and calculation procedures
shall be used except as provided in paragraph (i)(12) of this section:
(1) One 3-hour test shall be performed each day.
[[Page 326]]
(2) For gases released to the atmosphere from the fluid catalytic
cracking unit catalyst regenerator:
(i) Method 8 as modified in Sec. 60.106(i)(3) for moisture content
and for the concentration of sulfur oxides calculated as sulfur dioxide,
(ii) Method 1 for sample and velocity traverses,
(iii) Method 2 calculation procedures (data obtained from Methods 3
and 8) for velocity and volumetric flow rate, and
(iv) Method 3 for gas analysis.
(3) Method 8 shall be modified by the insertion of a heated glass
fiber filter between the probe and first impinger. The probe liner and
glass fiber filter temperature shall be maintained above 160 [deg]C (320
[deg]F). The isopropanol impinger shall be eliminated. Sample recovery
procedures described in Method 8 for container No. 1 shall be
eliminated. The heated glass fiber filter also shall be excluded;
however, rinsing of all connecting glassware after the heated glass
fiber filter shall be retained and included in container No. 2. Sampled
volume shall be at least 1 dscm.
(4) For Method 3, the integrated sampling technique shall be used.
(5) Sampling time for each run shall be at least 3 hours.
(6) All testing shall be performed at the same location. Where the
gases discharged by the fluid catalytic cracking unit catalyst
regenerator pass through an incinerator-waste heat boiler in which
auxiliary or supplemental gaseous, liquid, or solid fossil fuel is
burned, testing shall be conducted at a point between the regenerator
outlet and the incinerator-waste heat boiler. An alternative sampling
location after the waste heat boiler may be used if alternative coke
burn-off rate equations, and, if requested, auxiliary/supplemental fuel
SOX credits, have been submitted to and approved by the
Administrator prior to sampling.
(7) Coke burn-off rate shall be determined using the procedures
specified under paragraph (b)(3) of this section, unless paragraph
(i)(6) of this section applies.
(8) Calculate the concentration of sulfur oxides as sulfur dioxide
using equation 8-3 in Section 6.5 of Method 8 to calculate and report
the total concentration of sulfur oxides as sulfur dioxide
(Cso x).
(9) Sulfur oxides emission rate calculated as sulfur dioxide shall
be determined for each test run by the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17OC00.003
Where:
ESOx = sulfur oxides emission rate calculated as sulfur
dioxide, kg/hr (lb/hr)
CSOx = sulfur oxides emission concentration calculated as
sulfur dioxide, g/dscm (gr/dscf)
Qsd = dry volumetric stack gas flow rate corrected to
standard conditions, dscm/hr (dscf/hr)
K=1,000 g/kg (7,000 gr/lb)
(10) Sulfur oxides emissions calculated as sulfur dioxide shall be
determined for each test run by the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17OC00.004
Where:
RSOx = Sulfur oxides emissions calculated as kg sulfur
dioxide per Mg (lb/ton) coke burn-off.
ESOx = Sulfur oxides emission rate calculated as sulfur
dioxide, kg/hr (lb/hr).
Rc = Coke burn-off rate, Mg/hr (ton/hr).
(11) Calculate the 7-day average sulfur oxides emission rate as
sulfur dioxide per Mg (ton) of coke burn-off by dividing the sum of the
individual daily rates by the number of daily rates summed.
(12) An owner or operator may, upon approval by the Administrator,
use an alternative method for determining compliance with Sec.
60.104(b)(2), as provided in Sec. 60.8(b). Any requests for approval
must include data to demonstrate to the Administrator that the
alternative method would produce results adequate for the determination
of compliance.
(j) For the purpose of determining compliance with Sec.
60.104(b)(3), the following analytical methods and calculation
procedures shall be used:
(1) One fresh feed sample shall be collected once per 8-hour period.
(2) Fresh feed samples shall be analyzed separately by using any one
of the following applicable analytical test methods: ASTM D129-64, 78,
or 95,
[[Page 327]]
ASTM D1552-83 or 95, ASTM D2622-87, 94, or 98, or ASTM D1266-87, 91, or
98. (These methods are incorporated by reference: see Sec. 60.17.) The
applicable range of some of these ASTM methods is not adequate to
measure the levels of sulfur in some fresh feed samples. Dilution of
samples prior to analysis with verification of the dilution ratio is
acceptable upon prior approval of the Administrator.
(3) If a fresh feed sample cannot be collected at a single location,
then the fresh feed sulfur content shall be determined as follows:
(i) Individual samples shall be collected once per 8-hour period for
each separate fresh feed stream charged directly into the riser or
reactor of the fluid catalytic cracking unit. For each sample location
the fresh feed volumetric flow rate at the time of collecting the fresh
feed sample shall be measured and recorded. The same method for
measuring volumetric flow rate shall be used at all locations.
(ii) Each fresh feed sample shall be analyzed separately using the
methods specified under paragraph (j)(2) of this section.
(iii) Fresh feed sulfur content shall be calculated for each 8-hour
period using the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC16NO91.005
where:
Sf = fresh feed sulfur content expressed in percent by weight
of fresh feed.
n = number of separate fresh feed streams charged directly to the riser
or reactor of the fluid catalytic cracking unit.
Qf = total volumetric flow rate of fresh feed charged to the
fluid catalytic cracking unit.
Si = fresh feed sulfur content expressed in percent by weight
of fresh feed for the ``ith'' sampling location.
Qi = volumetric flow rate of fresh feed stream for the
``ith'' sampling location.
(4) Calculate a 7-day average (arithmetic mean) sulfur content of
the fresh feed using all of the fresh feed sulfur content values
obtained during seven successive 24-hour periods.
(k) The test methods used to supplement continuous monitoring system
data to meet the minimum data requirements in Sec. 60.104(d) will be
used as described below or as otherwise approved by the Administrator.
(1) Methods 6, 6B, or 8 are used. The sampling location(s) are the
same as those specified for the monitor.
(2) For Method 6, the minimum sampling time is 20 minutes and the
minimum sampling volume is 0.02 dscm (0.71 dscf) for each sample.
Samples are taken at approximately 60-minute intervals. Each sample
represents a 1-hour average. A minimum of 18 valid samples is required
to obtain one valid day of data.
(3) For Method 6B, collection of a sample representing a minimum of
18 hours is required to obtain one valid day of data.
(4) For Method 8, the procedures as outlined in this section are
used. The equivalent of 16 hours of sampling is required to obtain one
valid day of data.
[39 FR 9315, Mar. 8, 1974, as amended at 43 FR 10869, Mar. 15, 1978; 51
FR 42842, Nov. 26, 1986; 52 FR 20392, June 1, 1987; 53 FR 41333, Oct.
21, 1988; 54 FR 34028, Aug. 17, 1989; 55 FR 40176, Oct. 2, 1990; 56 FR
4176, Feb. 4, 1991; 65 FR 61754, Oct. 17, 2000; 71 FR 55127, Sept. 21,
2006; 73 FR 35867, June 24, 2008]