[Title 40 CFR 60.284]
[Code of Federal Regulations (annual edition) - July 1, 2009 Edition]
[Title 40 - PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT]
[Chapter I - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)]
[Subchapter C - AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED)]
[Part 60 - STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES--]
[Subpart Bb - Standards of Performance for Kraft Pulp Mills]
[Sec. 60.284 - Monitoring of emissions and operations.]
[From the U.S. Government Printing Office]
40PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT62009-07-012009-07-01falseMonitoring of emissions and operations.60.284Sec. 60.284PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED)STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES--Standards of Performance for Kraft Pulp Mills
Sec. 60.284 Monitoring of emissions and operations.
(a) Any owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart
shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate the following continuous
monitoring systems:
(1) A continuous monitoring system to monitor and record the opacity
of the gases discharged into the atmosphere from any recovery furnace.
The span of this system shall be set at 70 percent opacity.
(2) Continuous monitoring systems to monitor and record the
concentration of TRS emissions on a dry basis and the percent of oxygen
by volume on a dry basis in the gases discharged into the atmosphere
from any lime kiln, recovery furnace, digester system, brown
[[Page 421]]
stock washer system, multiple-effect evaporator system, or condensate
stripper system, except where the provisions of Sec. 60.283(a)(1) (iii)
or (iv) apply. These systems shall be located downstream of the control
device(s) and the spans of these continuous monitoring system(s) shall
be set:
(i) At a TRS concentration of 30 ppm for the TRS continuous
monitoring system, except that for any cross recovery furnace the span
shall be set at 50 ppm.
(ii) At 25 percent oxygen for the continuous oxygen monitoring
system.
(b) Any owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart
shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate the following continuous
monitoring devices:
(1) For any incinerator, a monitoring device which measures and
records the combustion temperature at the point of incineration of
effluent gases which are emitted from any digester system, brown stock
washer system, multiple-effect evaporator system, black liquor oxidation
system, or condensate stripper system where the provisions of Sec.
60.283(a)(1)(iii) apply. The monitoring device is to be certified by the
manufacturer to be accurate within 1 percent of
the temperature being measured.
(2) For any lime kiln or smelt dissolving tank using a scrubber
emission control device:
(i) A monitoring device for the continuous measurement of the
pressure loss of the gas stream through the control equipment. The
monitoring device is to be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate
to within a gage pressure of 500 pascals (ca.
2 inches water gage pressure).
(ii) A monitoring device for the continuous measurement of the
scrubbing liquid supply pressure to the control equipment. The
monitoring device is to be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate
within 15 percent of design scrubbing liquid
supply pressure. The pressure sensor or tap is to be located close to
the scrubber liquid discharge point. The Administrator may be consulted
for approval of alternative locations.
(c) Any owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart
shall, except where the provisions of Sec. 60.283(a)(1)(iii) or (iv)
apply, perform the following:
(1) Calculate and record on a daily basis 12-hour average TRS
concentrations for the two consecutive periods of each operating day.
Each 12-hour average shall be determined as the arithmetic mean of the
appropriate 12 contiguous 1-hour average total reduced sulfur
concentrations provided by each continuous monitoring system installed
under paragraph (a)(2) of this section.
(2) Calculate and record on a daily basis 12-hour average oxygen
concentrations for the two consecutive periods of each operating day for
the recovery furnace and lime kiln. These 12-hour averages shall
correspond to the 12-hour average TRS concentrations under paragraph
(c)(1) of this section and shall be determined as an arithmetic mean of
the appropriate 12 contiguous 1-hour average oxygen concentrations
provided by each continuous monitoring system installed under paragraph
(a)(2) of this section.
(3) Using the following equation, correct all 12-hour average TRS
concentrations to 10 volume percent oxygen, except that all 12-hour
average TRS concentrations from a recovery furnace shall be corrected to
8 volume percent oxygen instead of 10 percent, and all 12-hour average
TRS concentrations from a facility to which the provisions of Sec.
60.283(a)(1)(v) apply shall not be corrected for oxygen content:
Ccorr=Cmeasx(21-X/21-Y)
where:
Ccorr=the concentration corrected for oxygen.
Cmeas=the concentration uncorrected for oxygen.
X=the volumetric oxygen concentration in percentage to be corrected to
(8 percent for recovery furnaces and 10 percent for lime kilns,
incinerators, or other devices).
Y=the measured 12-hour average volumetric oxygen concentration.
(4) Record once per shift measurements obtained from the continuous
monitoring devices installed under paragraph (b)(2) of this section.
(d) For the purpose of reports required under Sec. 60.7(c), any
owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall report
semiannually periods of excess emissions as follows:
[[Page 422]]
(1) For emissions from any recovery furnace periods of excess
emissions are:
(i) All 12-hour averages of TRS concentrations above 5 ppm by volume
for straight kraft recovery furnaces and above 25 ppm by volume for
cross recovery furnaces.
(ii) All 6-minute average opacities that exceed 35 percent.
(2) For emissions from any lime kiln, periods of excess emissions
are all 12-hour average TRS concentration above 8 ppm by volume.
(3) For emissions from any digester system, brown stock washer
system, multiple-effect evaporator system, or condensate stripper system
periods of excess emissions are:
(i) All 12-hour average TRS concentrations above 5 ppm by volume
unless the provisions of Sec. 60.283(a)(1) (i), (ii), or (iv) apply; or
(ii) All periods in excess of 5 minutes and their duration during
which the combustion temperature at the point of incineration is less
than 650 [deg]C (1200 [deg]F), where the provisions of Sec.
60.283(a)(1)(iii) apply.
(e) The Administrator will not consider periods of excess emissions
reported under paragraph (d) of this section to be indicative of a
violation of Sec. 60.11(d) provided that:
(1) The percent of the total number of possible contiguous periods
of excess emissions in a quarter (excluding periods of startup,
shutdown, or malfunction and periods when the facility is not operating)
during which excess emissions occur does not exceed:
(i) One percent for TRS emissions from recovery furnaces.
(ii) Six percent for average opacities from recovery furnaces.
(2) The Administrator determines that the affected facility,
including air pollution control equipment, is maintained and operated in
a manner which is consistent with good air pollution control practice
for minimizing emissions during periods of excess emissions.
(f) The procedures under Sec. 60.13 shall be followed for
installation, evaluation, and operation of the continuous monitoring
systems required under this section. All continuous monitoring systems
shall be operated in accordance with the applicable procedures under
Performance Specifications 1, 3, and 5 of appendix B of this part.
[43 FR 7572, Feb. 23, 1978, as amended at 51 FR 18545, May 20, 1986; 65
FR 61759, Oct. 17, 2000; 71 FR 55127, Sept. 21, 2006]