[Title 40 CFR 60.41Da]
[Code of Federal Regulations (annual edition) - July 1, 2009 Edition]
[Title 40 - PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT]
[Chapter I - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)]
[Subchapter C - AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED)]
[Part 60 - STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES--]
[Subpart Da - Standards of Performance for Electric Utility Steam]
[Sec. 60.41da - Definitions.]
[From the U.S. Government Printing Office]
40PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT62009-07-012009-07-01falseDefinitions.60.41DaSec. 60.41DaPROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED)STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES--Standards of Performance for Electric Utility Steam
Sec. 60.41Da Definitions.
As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall have the
meaning given them in the Act and in subpart A of this part.
Anthracite means coal that is classified as anthracite according to
the American Society of Testing and Materials in ASTM D388 (incorporated
by reference, see Sec. 60.17).
Available purchase power means the lesser of the following:
(a) The sum of available system capacity in all neighboring
companies.
(b) The sum of the rated capacities of the power interconnection
devices between the principal company and all neighboring companies,
minus the sum of the electric power load on these interconnections.
(c) The rated capacity of the power transmission lines between the
power interconnection devices and the electric generating units (the
unit in the principal company that has the malfunctioning flue gas
desulfurization system and the unit(s) in the neighboring company
supplying replacement electrical power) less the electric power load on
these transmission lines.
Available system capacity means the capacity determined by
subtracting the system load and the system emergency reserves from the
net system capacity.
Biomass means plant materials and animal waste.
Bituminous coal means coal that is classified as bituminous
according to the American Society of Testing and Materials in ASTM D388
(incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17).
Boiler operating day for units constructed, reconstructed, or
modified on or before February 28, 2005, means a 24-hour period during
which fossil fuel is combusted in a steam-generating unit for the entire
24 hours. For units constructed, reconstructed, or modified after
February 28, 2005, boiler operating day means a 24-hour period between
12 midnight and the following midnight during which any fuel is
combusted at any time in the steam-generating unit. It is not necessary
for fuel to be combusted the entire 24-hour period.
Coal means all solid fuels classified as anthracite, bituminous,
subbituminous, or lignite by the American Society of Testing and
Materials in ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17) and
coal refuse. Synthetic fuels derived from coal for the purpose of
creating useful heat, including but not limited to solvent-refined coal,
gasified coal (not meeting the definition of natural gas), coal-oil
mixtures, and coal-water mixtures are included in this definition for
the purposes of this subpart.
Coal-fired electric utility steam generating unit means an electric
utility steam generating unit that burns coal, coal refuse, or a
synthetic gas derived from coal either exclusively, in any combination
together, or in any combination with other fuels in any amount.
Coal refuse means waste products of coal mining, physical coal
cleaning, and coal preparation operations (e.g. culm, gob, etc.)
containing coal, matrix material, clay, and other organic and inorganic
material.
Cogeneration, also known as ``combined heat and power,'' means a
steam-generating unit that simultaneously produces both electric (or
mechanical) and useful thermal energy from the same primary energy
source.
Combined cycle gas turbine means a stationary turbine combustion
system where heat from the turbine exhaust gases is recovered by a steam
generating unit.
Dry flue gas desulfurization technology or dry FGD means a sulfur
dioxide control system that is located downstream of the steam
generating unit and removes sulfur oxides (SO2) from the
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combustion gases of the steam generating unit by contacting the
combustion gases with an alkaline reagent and water, whether introduced
separately or as a premixed slurry or solution and forming a dry powder
material. This definition includes devices where the dry powder material
is subsequently converted to another form. Alkaline slurries or
solutions used in dry FGD technology include, but are not limited to,
lime and sodium.
Duct burner means a device that combusts fuel and that is placed in
the exhaust duct from another source, such as a stationary gas turbine,
internal combustion engine, kiln, etc., to allow the firing of
additional fuel to heat the exhaust gases before the exhaust gases enter
a heat recovery steam generating unit.
Electric utility combined cycle gas turbine means any combined cycle
gas turbine used for electric generation that is constructed for the
purpose of supplying more than one-third of its potential electric
output capacity and more than 25 MW net-electrical output to any utility
power distribution system for sale. Any steam distribution system that
is constructed for the purpose of providing steam to a steam electric
generator that would produce electrical power for sale is also
considered in determining the electrical energy output capacity of the
affected facility.
Electric utility company means the largest interconnected
organization, business, or governmental entity that generates electric
power for sale (e.g., a holding company with operating subsidiary
companies).
Electric utility steam-generating unit means any steam electric
generating unit that is constructed for the purpose of supplying more
than one-third of its potential electric output capacity and more than
25 MW net-electrical output to any utility power distribution system for
sale. Also, any steam supplied to a steam distribution system for the
purpose of providing steam to a steam-electric generator that would
produce electrical energy for sale is considered in determining the
electrical energy output capacity of the affected facility.
Electrostatic precipitator or ESP means an add-on air pollution
control device used to capture particulate matter (PM) by charging the
particles using an electrostatic field, collecting the particles using a
grounded collecting surface, and transporting the particles into a
hopper.
Emergency condition means that period of time when:
(1) The electric generation output of an affected facility with a
malfunctioning flue gas desulfurization system cannot be reduced or
electrical output must be increased because:
(i) All available system capacity in the principal company
interconnected with the affected facility is being operated, and
(ii) All available purchase power interconnected with the affected
facility is being obtained, or
(2) The electric generation demand is being shifted as quickly as
possible from an affected facility with a malfunctioning flue gas
desulfurization system to one or more electrical generating units held
in reserve by the principal company or by a neighboring company, or
(3) An affected facility with a malfunctioning flue gas
desulfurization system becomes the only available unit to maintain a
part or all of the principal company's system emergency reserves and the
unit is operated in spinning reserve at the lowest practical electric
generation load consistent with not causing significant physical damage
to the unit. If the unit is operated at a higher load to meet load
demand, an emergency condition would not exist unless the conditions
under paragraph (1) of this definition apply.
Emission limitation means any emissions limit or operating limit.
Emission rate period means any calendar month included in a 12-month
rolling average period.
Federally enforceable means all limitations and conditions that are
enforceable by the Administrator, including the requirements of 40 CFR
parts 60 and 61, requirements within any applicable State implementation
plan, and any permit requirements established under 40 CFR 52.21 or
under 40 CFR 51.18 and 51.24.
Fossil fuel means natural gas, petroleum, coal, and any form of
solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel derived from such
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material for the purpose of creating useful heat.
Gaseous fuel means any fuel derived from coal or petroleum that is
present as a gas at standard conditions and includes, but is not limited
to, refinery fuel gas, process gas, coke-oven gas, synthetic gas, and
gasified coal.
Gross output means the gross useful work performed by the steam
generated and, for an IGCC electric utility steam generating unit, the
work performed by the stationary combustion turbines. For a unit
generating only electricity, the gross useful work performed is the
gross electrical output from the unit's turbine/generator sets. For a
cogeneration unit, the gross useful work performed is the gross
electrical or mechanical output plus 75 percent of the useful thermal
output measured relative to ISO conditions that is not used to generate
additional electrical or mechanical output or to enhance the performance
of the unit (i.e., steam delivered to an industrial process).
24-hour period means the period of time between 12:01 a.m. and 12:00
midnight.
Integrated gasification combined cycle electric utility steam
generating unit or IGCC electric utility steam generating unit means an
electric utility combined cycle gas turbine that is designed to burn
fuels containing 50 percent (by heat input) or more solid-derived fuel
not meeting the definition of natural gas. No solid fuel is directly
burned in the unit during operation.
Interconnected means that two or more electric generating units are
electrically tied together by a network of power transmission lines, and
other power transmission equipment.
ISO conditions means a temperature of 288 Kelvin, a relative
humidity of 60 percent, and a pressure of 101.3 kilopascals.
Lignite means coal that is classified as lignite A or B according to
the American Society of Testing and Materials in ASTM D388 (incorporated
by reference, see Sec. 60.17).
Natural gas means:
(1) A naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and nonhydrocarbon
gases found in geologic formations beneath the earth's surface, of which
the principal constituent is methane; or
(2) Liquid petroleum gas, as defined by the American Society of
Testing and Materials in ASTM D1835 (incorporated by reference, see
Sec. 60.17); or
(3) A mixture of hydrocarbons that maintains a gaseous state at ISO
conditions. Additionally, natural gas must either be composed of at
least 70 percent methane by volume or have a gross calorific value
between 34 and 43 megajoules (MJ) per dry standard cubic meter (910 and
1,150 Btu per dry standard cubic foot).
Neighboring company means any one of those electric utility
companies with one or more electric power interconnections to the
principal company and which have geographically adjoining service areas.
Net-electric output means the gross electric sales to the utility
power distribution system minus purchased power on a calendar year
basis.
Net system capacity means the sum of the net electric generating
capability (not necessarily equal to rated capacity) of all electric
generating equipment owned by an electric utility company (including
steam generating units, internal combustion engines, gas turbines,
nuclear units, hydroelectric units, and all other electric generating
equipment) plus firm contractual purchases that are interconnected to
the affected facility that has the malfunctioning flue gas
desulfurization system. The electric generating capability of equipment
under multiple ownership is prorated based on ownership unless the
proportional entitlement to electric output is otherwise established by
contractual arrangement.
Noncontinental area means the State of Hawaii, the Virgin Islands,
Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or the Northern
Mariana Islands.
Petroleum means crude oil or a fuel derived from crude oil,
including, but not limited to, distillate oil, and residual oil.
Potential combustion concentration means the theoretical emissions
(nanograms per joule (ng/J), lb/MMBtu heat input) that would result from
combustion of a fuel in an uncleaned
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state without emission control systems) and:
(1) For particulate matter (PM) is:
(i) 3,000 ng/J (7.0 lb/MMBtu) heat input for solid fuel; and
(ii) 73 ng/J (0.17 lb/MMBtu) heat input for liquid fuels.
(2) For sulfur dioxide (SO2) is determined under Sec.
60.50Da(c).
(3) For nitrogen oxides (NOX) is:
(i) 290 ng/J (0.67 lb/MMBtu) heat input for gaseous fuels;
(ii) 310 ng/J (0.72 lb/MMBtu) heat input for liquid fuels; and
(iii) 990 ng/J (2.30 lb/MMBtu) heat input for solid fuels.
Potential electrical output capacity means 33 percent of the maximum
design heat input capacity of the steam generating unit, divided by
3,413 Btu/KWh, divided by 1,000 kWh/MWh, and multiplied by 8,760 hr/yr
(e.g., a steam generating unit with a 100 MW (340 MMBtu/hr) fossil-fuel
heat input capacity would have a 289,080 MWh 12 month potential
electrical output capacity). For electric utility combined cycle gas
turbines the potential electrical output capacity is determined on the
basis of the fossil-fuel firing capacity of the steam generator
exclusive of the heat input and electrical power contribution by the gas
turbine.
Principal company means the electric utility company or companies
which own the affected facility.
Resource recovery unit means a facility that combusts more than 75
percent non-fossil fuel on a quarterly (calendar) heat input basis.
Responsible official means responsible official as defined in 40 CFR
70.2.
Solid-derived fuel means any solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel derived
from solid fuel for the purpose of creating useful heat and includes,
but is not limited to, solvent refined coal, liquified coal, synthetic
gas, gasified coal, gasified petroleum coke, gasified biomass, and
gasified tire derived fuel.
Spare flue gas desulfurization system module means a separate system
of SO2 emission control equipment capable of treating an
amount of flue gas equal to the total amount of flue gas generated by an
affected facility when operated at maximum capacity divided by the total
number of nonspare flue gas desulfurization modules in the system.
Spinning reserve means the sum of the unutilized net generating
capability of all units of the electric utility company that are
synchronized to the power distribution system and that are capable of
immediately accepting additional load. The electric generating
capability of equipment under multiple ownership is prorated based on
ownership unless the proportional entitlement to electric output is
otherwise established by contractual arrangement.
Steam generating unit means any furnace, boiler, or other device
used for combusting fuel for the purpose of producing steam (including
fossil-fuel-fired steam generators associated with combined cycle gas
turbines; nuclear steam generators are not included).
Subbituminous coal means coal that is classified as subbituminous A,
B, or C according to the American Society of Testing and Materials in
ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17).
System emergency reserves means an amount of electric generating
capacity equivalent to the rated capacity of the single largest electric
generating unit in the electric utility company (including steam
generating units, internal combustion engines, gas turbines, nuclear
units, hydroelectric units, and all other electric generating equipment)
which is interconnected with the affected facility that has the
malfunctioning flue gas desulfurization system. The electric generating
capability of equipment under multiple ownership is prorated based on
ownership unless the proportional entitlement to electric output is
otherwise established by contractual arrangement.
System load means the entire electric demand of an electric utility
company's service area interconnected with the affected facility that
has the malfunctioning flue gas desulfurization system plus firm
contractual sales to other electric utility companies. Sales to other
electric utility companies (e.g., emergency power) not on a firm
contractual basis may also be included in the system load when no
available system capacity exists in the electric utility company to
which the power is supplied for sale.
Wet flue gas desulfurization technology or wet FGD means a
SO2 control system that is located downstream of the
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steam generating unit and removes sulfur oxides from the combustion
gases of the steam generating unit by contacting the combustion gases
with an alkaline slurry or solution and forming a liquid material. This
definition applies to devices where the aqueous liquid material product
of this contact is subsequently converted to other forms. Alkaline
reagents used in wet FGD technology include, but are not limited to,
lime, limestone, and sodium.
[72 FR 32722, June 13, 2007, as amended at 74 FR 5079, Jan. 28, 2009]