[Title 40 CFR 60.485]
[Code of Federal Regulations (annual edition) - July 1, 2009 Edition]
[Title 40 - PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT]
[Chapter I - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)]
[Subchapter C - AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED)]
[Part 60 - STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES--]
[Subpart Vv - Standards of Performance for Equipment Leaks of VOC in the]
[Sec. 60.485 - Test methods and procedures.]
[From the U.S. Government Printing Office]


40PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT62009-07-012009-07-01false60.485Sec. 60.485PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED)STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES--Standards of Performance for Equipment Leaks of VOC in the
Sec. 60.485  Test methods and procedures.

    (a) In conducting the performance tests required in Sec. 60.8, the 
owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test 
methods in appendix A of this part or other methods and procedures as 
specified in this section, except as provided in Sec. 60.8(b).
    (b) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the 
standards in Sec. Sec. 60.482-1 through 60.482-10, 60.483, and 60.484 
as follows:
    (1) Method 21 shall be used to determine the presence of leaking 
sources. The instrument shall be calibrated before use each day of its 
use by the procedures specified in Method 21. The following calibration 
gases shall be used:
    (i) Zero air (less than 10 ppm of hydrocarbon in air); and
    (ii) A mixture of methane or n-hexane and air at a concentration of 
about, but less than, 10,000 ppm methane or n-hexane.
    (c) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the no 
detectable emission standards in Sec. Sec. 60.482-2(e), 60.482-3(i), 
60.482-4, 60.482-7(f), and 60.482-10(e) as follows:
    (1) The requirements of paragraph (b) shall apply.
    (2) Method 21 shall be used to determine the background level. All 
potential leak interfaces shall be traversed as close to the interface 
as possible. The arithmetic difference between the maximum concentration 
indicated by the instrument and the background level is compared with 
500 ppm for determining compliance.
    (d) The owner or operator shall test each piece of equipment unless 
he demonstrates that a process unit is not in VOC service, i.e., that 
the VOC content would never be reasonably expected to exceed 10 percent 
by weight. For purposes of this demonstration, the following methods and 
procedures shall be used:
    (1) Procedures that conform to the general methods in ASTM E260-73, 
91, or 96, E168-67, 77, or 92, E169-63, 77, or 93 (incorporated by 
reference--see Sec. 60.17) shall be used to determine the percent VOC 
content in the process fluid that is contained in or contacts a piece of 
equipment.
    (2) Organic compounds that are considered by the Administrator to 
have negligible photochemical reactivity may be excluded from the total 
quantity of organic compounds in determining the VOC content of the 
process fluid.
    (3) Engineering judgment may be used to estimate the VOC content, if 
a piece of equipment had not been shown

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previously to be in service. If the Administrator disagrees with the 
judgment, paragraphs (d) (1) and (2) of this section shall be used to 
resolve the disagreement.
    (e) The owner or operator shall demonstrate that a piece of 
equipment is in light liquid service by showing that all the following 
conditions apply:
    (1) The vapor pressure of one or more of the organic components is 
greater than 0.3 kPa at 20 [deg]C (1.2 in. H2O at 68 [deg]F). 
Standard reference texts or ASTM D2879-83, 96, or 97 (incorporated by 
reference--see Sec. 60.17) shall be used to determine the vapor 
pressures.
    (2) The total concentration of the pure organic components having a 
vapor pressure greater than 0.3 kPa at 20 [deg]C (1.2 in. H2O 
at 68 [deg]F) is equal to or greater than 20 percent by weight.
    (3) The fluid is a liquid at operating conditions.
    (f) Samples used in conjunction with paragraphs (d), (e), and (g) of 
this section shall be representative of the process fluid that is 
contained in or contacts the equipment or the gas being combusted in the 
flare.
    (g) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the 
standards of flares as follows:
    (1) Method 22 shall be used to determine visible emissions.
    (2) A thermocouple or any other equivalent device shall be used to 
monitor the presence of a pilot flame in the flare.
    (3) The maximum permitted velocity for air assisted flares shall be 
computed using the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17OC00.016

Where:

Vmax = Maximum permitted velocity, m/sec (ft/sec)
HT = Net heating value of the gas being combusted, MJ/scm 
(Btu/scf).
K1 = 8.706 m/sec (metric units)
 = 28.56 ft/sec (English units)
K2 = 0.7084 m\4\/(MJ-sec) (metric units)
= 0.087 ft\4\/(Btu-sec) (English units)

    (4) The net heating value (HT) of the gas being combusted 
in a flare shall be computed using the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16NO07.039

Where:

K = Conversion constant, 1.740 x 10-\7\ (g-mole)(MJ)/(ppm-
scm-kcal) (metric units) = 4.674 x 10-\6\ [(g-mole)(Btu)/
(ppm-scf-kcal)] (English units)
Ci = Concentration of sample component ``i,'' ppm
Hi = Net heat of combustion of sample component ``i'' at 25 
[deg]C and 760 mm Hg (77 [deg]F and 14.7 psi), kcal/g-mole

    (5) Method 18 or ASTM D6420-99 (2004) (where the target compound(s) 
are those listed in Section 1.1 of ASTM D6420-99, and the target 
concentration is between 150 parts per billion by volume and 100 parts 
per million by volume) and ASTM D2504-67, 77 or 88 (Reapproved 1993) 
(incorporated by reference--see Sec. 60.17) shall be used to determine 
the concentration of sample component ``i.''
    (6) ASTM D2382-76 or 88 or D4809-95 (incorporated by reference--see 
Sec. 60.17) shall be used to determine the net heat of combustion of 
component ``i'' if published values are not available or cannot be 
calculated.
    (7) Method 2, 2A, 2C, or 2D, as appropriate, shall be used to 
determine the actual exit velocity of a flare. If needed, the 
unobstructed (free) cross-sectional area of the flare tip shall be used.
    (h) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with Sec. 
60.483-1 or Sec. 60.483-2 as follows:
    (1) The percent of valves leaking shall be determined using the 
following equation:

%VL = (VL/VT) * 100

Where:

%VL = Percent leaking valves
VL = Number of valves found leaking
VT = The sum of the total number of valves monitored

    (2) The total number of valves monitored shall include difficult-to-
monitor and unsafe-to-monitor valves only during the monitoring period 
in which those valves are monitored.
    (3) The number of valves leaking shall include valves for which 
repair has been delayed.
    (4) Any new valve that is not monitored within 30 days of being 
placed in service shall be included in the number of valves leaking and 
the total number of valves monitored for the monitoring

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period in which the valve is placed in service.
    (5) If the process unit has been subdivided in accordance with Sec. 
60.482-7(c)(1)(ii), the sum of valves found leaking during a monitoring 
period includes all subgroups.
    (6) The total number of valves monitored does not include a valve 
monitored to verify repair.

[54 FR 6678, Feb. 14, 1989, as amended at 54 FR 27016, June 27, 1989; 65 
FR 61763, Oct. 17, 2000; 72 FR 64882, Nov. 16, 2007]