Specifications for active collection systems.

[Title 40 CFR 60.759]
[Code of Federal Regulations (annual edition) - July 1, 2009 Edition]
[Title 40 - PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT]
[Chapter I - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)]
[Subchapter C - AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED)]
[Part 60 - STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES--]
[Subpart Www - Standards of Performance for Municipal Solid Waste Landfills]
[Sec. 60.759 - Specifications for active collection systems.]
[From the U.S. Government Printing Office]


40PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT62009-07-012009-07-01falseSpecifications for active collection systems.60.759Sec. 60.759PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED)STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES--Standards of Performance for Municipal Solid Waste Landfills
Sec. 60.759  Specifications for active collection systems.

    (a) Each owner or operator seeking to comply with Sec. 
60.752(b)(2)(i) shall site active collection wells, horizontal 
collectors, surface collectors, or other extraction devices at a 
sufficient density throughout all gas producing areas using the 
following procedures unless alternative procedures have been approved by 
the Administrator as provided in Sec. 60.752(b)(2)(i)(C) and (D):
    (1) The collection devices within the interior and along the 
perimeter areas shall be certified to achieve comprehensive control of 
surface gas emissions by a professional engineer. The following issues 
shall be addressed in the design: depths of refuse, refuse gas 
generation rates and flow characteristics, cover properties, gas system 
expandibility, leachate and condensate management, accessibility, 
compatibility with filling operations, integration with closure end use, 
air intrusion control, corrosion resistance, fill settlement, and 
resistance to the refuse decomposition heat.
    (2) The sufficient density of gas collection devices determined in 
paragraph (a)(1) of this section shall address landfill gas migration 
issues and augmentation of the collection system through the use of 
active or passive systems at the landfill perimeter or exterior.
    (3) The placement of gas collection devices determined in paragraph 
(a)(1) of this section shall control all gas producing areas, except as 
provided by paragraphs (a)(3)(i) and (a)(3)(ii) of this section.
    (i) Any segregated area of asbestos or nondegradable material may be 
excluded from collection if documented as provided under Sec. 
60.758(d). The documentation shall provide the nature, date of 
deposition, location and amount of asbestos or nondegradable material 
deposited in the area, and shall be provided to the Administrator upon 
request.
    (ii) Any nonproductive area of the landfill may be excluded from 
control, provided that the total of all excluded areas can be shown to 
contribute less than 1 percent of the total amount of NMOC emissions 
from the landfill. The amount, location, and age of the material shall 
be documented and provided to the Administrator upon request. A separate 
NMOC emissions estimate shall be made for each section proposed for 
exclusion, and the sum of all such sections shall be compared to the 
NMOC emissions estimate for the entire landfill. Emissions from each 
section shall be computed using the following equation:


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Qi = 2 k Lo Mi (e-^kt i) 
    (CNMOC) (3.6 x 10^-9)

where,

Qi = NMOC emission rate from the i^th section, 
megagrams per year
k = methane generation rate constant, year^-1
Lo = methane generation potential, cubic meters per megagram 
solid waste
Mi = mass of the degradable solid waste in the i^th 
section, megagram
ti = age of the solid waste in the i^th section, 
years
CNMOC = concentration of nonmethane organic compounds, parts 
per million by volume
3.6x10^-9 = conversion factor

    (iii) The values for k and CNMOC determined in field 
testing shall be used if field testing has been performed in determining 
the NMOC emission rate or the radii of influence (this distance from the 
well center to a point in the landfill where the pressure gradient 
applied by the blower or compressor approaches zero). If field testing 
has not been performed, the default values for k, LO and 
CNMOC provided in Sec. 60.754(a)(1) or the alternative 
values from Sec. 60.754(a)(5) shall be used. The mass of nondegradable 
solid waste contained within the given section may be subtracted from 
the total mass of the section when estimating emissions provided the 
nature, location, age, and amount of the nondegradable material is 
documented as provided in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section.
    (b) Each owner or operator seeking to comply with Sec. 
60.752(b)(2)(i)(A) shall construct the gas collection devices using the 
following equipment or procedures:
    (1) The landfill gas extraction components shall be constructed of 
polyvinyl chloride (PVC), high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe, 
fiberglass, stainless steel, or other nonporous corrosion resistant 
material of suitable dimensions to: convey projected amounts of gases; 
withstand installation, static, and settlement forces; and withstand 
planned overburden or traffic loads. The collection system shall extend 
as necessary to comply with emission and migration standards. Collection 
devices such as wells and horizontal collectors shall be perforated to 
allow gas entry without head loss sufficient to impair performance 
across the intended extent of control. Perforations shall be situated 
with regard to the need to prevent excessive air infiltration.
    (2) Vertical wells shall be placed so as not to endanger underlying 
liners and shall address the occurrence of water within the landfill. 
Holes and trenches constructed for piped wells and horizontal collectors 
shall be of sufficient cross-section so as to allow for their proper 
construction and completion including, for example, centering of pipes 
and placement of gravel backfill. Collection devices shall be designed 
so as not to allow indirect short circuiting of air into the cover or 
refuse into the collection system or gas into the air. Any gravel used 
around pipe perforations should be of a dimension so as not to penetrate 
or block perforations.
    (3) Collection devices may be connected to the collection header 
pipes below or above the landfill surface. The connector assembly shall 
include a positive closing throttle valve, any necessary seals and 
couplings, access couplings and at least one sampling port. The 
collection devices shall be constructed of PVC, HDPE, fiberglass, 
stainless steel, or other nonporous material of suitable thickness.
    (c) Each owner or operator seeking to comply with Sec. 
60.752(b)(2)(i)(A) shall convey the landfill gas to a control system in 
compliance with Sec. 60.752(b)(2)(iii) through the collection header 
pipe(s). The gas mover equipment shall be sized to handle the maximum 
gas generation flow rate expected over the intended use period of the 
gas moving equipment using the following procedures:
    (1) For existing collection systems, the flow data shall be used to 
project the maximum flow rate. If no flow data exists, the procedures in 
paragraph (c)(2) of this section shall be used.
    (2) For new collection systems, the maximum flow rate shall be in 
accordance with Sec. 60.755(a)(1).

[61 FR 9919, Mar. 12, 1996, as amended at 63 FR 32753, June 16, 1998; 64 
FR 9262, Feb. 24, 1999; 65 FR 18909, Apr. 10, 2000]

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