(a) The provisions of this subpart apply to each new and existing portland cement plant which is a major source or an area source as defined in § 63.2.

(b) The affected sources subject to this subpart are:

(1) Each kiln including alkali bypasses, except for kilns that burn hazardous waste and are subject to and regulated under subpart EEE of this part;

(2) Each clinker cooler at any portland cement plant;

(3) Each raw mill at any portland cement plant;

(4) Each finish mill at any portland cement plant;

(5) Each raw material dryer at any portland cement plant;

(6) Each raw material, clinker, or finished product storage bin at any portland cement plant;

(7) Each conveying system transfer point including those associated with coal preparation used to convey coal from the mill to the kiln at any portland cement plant;

(8) Each bagging and bulk loading and unloading system at any portland cement plant; and

(9) Each open clinker pile at any portland cement plant.

(c) Crushers are not covered by this subpart regardless of their location.

(d) If you are subject to any of the provisions of this subpart you are also subject to title V permitting requirements.

All terms used in this subpart that are not defined in this section have the meaning given to them in the CAA and in subpart A of this part.

Affirmative defense means, in the context of an enforcement proceeding, a response or defense put forward by a defendant, regarding which the defendant has the burden of proof, and the merits of which are independently and objectively evaluated in a judicial or administrative proceeding.

Alkali bypass means a duct between the feed end of the kiln and the preheater tower through which a portion of the kiln exit gas stream is withdrawn and quickly cooled by air or water to avoid excessive buildup of alkali, chloride and/or sulfur on the raw feed. This may also be referred to as the “kiln exhaust gas bypass”.

Bagging system means the equipment which fills bags with portland cement.

Bin means a manmade enclosure for storage of raw materials, clinker, or finished product prior to further processing at a portland cement plant.

Clinker means the product of the process in which limestone and other materials are heated in the kiln and is then ground with gypsum and other materials to form cement.

Clinker cooler means equipment into which clinker product leaving the kiln is placed to be cooled by air supplied by a forced draft or natural draft supply system.

Continuous monitor means a device which continuously samples the regulated parameter specified in § 63.1350 of this subpart without interruption, evaluates the detector response at least once every 15 seconds, and computes and records the average value at least every 60 seconds, except during allowable periods of calibration and except as defined otherwise by the continuous emission monitoring system performance specifications in appendix B to part 60 of this chapter.

Conveying system means a device for transporting materials from one piece of equipment or location to another location within a facility. Conveying systems include but are not limited to the following: feeders, belt conveyors, bucket elevators and pneumatic systems.

Conveying system transfer point means a point where any material including but not limited to feed material, fuel, clinker or product, is transferred to or from a conveying system, or between separate parts of a conveying system.

Crusher means a machine designed to reduce large rocks from the quarry into materials approximately the size of gravel.

Dioxins and furans (D/F)means tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-, and octa-chlorinated dibenzo dioxins and furans.

Enclosed storage pile means any storage pile that is completely enclosed in a building or structure consisting of a solid roof and walls.

Facility means all contiguous or adjoining property that is under common ownership or control, including properties that are separated only by a road or other public right-of-way.

Feed means the prepared and mixed materials, which include but are not limited to materials such as limestone, clay, shale, sand, iron ore, mill scale, cement kiln dust and flyash, that are fed to the kiln. Feed does not include the fuels used in the kiln to produce heat to form the clinker product.

Finish mill means a roll crusher, ball and tube mill or other size reduction equipment used to grind clinker to a fine powder. Gypsum and other materials may be added to and blended with clinker in a finish mill. The finish mill also includes the air separator associated with the finish mill.

Greenfield kiln, in-line kiln/raw mill, or raw material dryer means a kiln, in-line kiln/raw mill, or raw material dryer for which construction is commenced at a plant site (where no kilns and no in-line kiln/raw mills were in operation at any time prior to March 24, 1998) after March 24, 1998.

Hazardous waste is defined in § 261.3 of this chapter.

Inactive clinker pile is a pile of clinker material that has not been disturbed, removed, and/or added to as a result of loading, unloading, and/or transferring activities for 30 (thirty) consecutive days.

In-line kiln/raw mill means a system in a portland cement production process where a dry kiln system is integrated with the raw mill so that all or a portion of the kiln exhaust gases are used to perform the drying operation of the raw mill, with no auxiliary heat source used. In this system the kiln is capable of operating without the raw mill operating, but the raw mill cannot operate without the kiln gases, and consequently, the raw mill does not generate a separate exhaust gas stream.

Kiln means a device, including any associated preheater or precalciner devices, inline raw mills, or alkali bypasses that produces clinker by heating limestone and other materials for subsequent production of portland cement. Because the inline raw mill is considered an integral part of the kiln, for purposes of determining the appropriate emissions limit, the term kiln also applies to the exhaust of the inline raw mill.

Kiln exhaust gas bypass means alkali bypass.

Monovent means an exhaust configuration of a building or emission control device (e. g. positive pressure fabric filter) that extends the length of the structure and has a width very small in relation to its length (i. e., length to width ratio is typically greater than 5:1). The exhaust may be an open vent with or without a roof, louvered vents, or a combination of such features.

New brownfield kiln, in-line kiln raw mill, or raw material dryer means a kiln, in-line kiln/raw mill or raw material dryer for which construction is commenced at a plant site (where kilns and/or in-line kiln/raw mills were in operation prior to March 24, 1998) after March 24, 1998.

New source means any source that commenced construction after May 6, 2009, for purposes of determining the applicability of the kiln, clinker cooler and raw material dryer emissions limits for mercury, PM, THC, and HCl, and the requirements for open clinker storage piles.

One-minute average means the average of thermocouple or other sensor responses calculated at least every 60 seconds from responses obtained at least once during each consecutive 15 second period.

Operating day means any daily 24-hour period during which the kiln operates. For 30-day rolling averages, operating days include only days of normal operation and do not include periods of operation during startup or shutdown. For 7-day rolling averages, operating days include only days of operation during startup and shutdown and do not include periods of normal operation. Data attributed to an operating day includes all valid data obtained during the daily 24-hour period and excludes any measurements made when the kiln was not operating.

Portland cement plant means any facility manufacturing portland cement.

Raw material dryer means an impact dryer, drum dryer, paddle-equipped rapid dryer, air separator, or other equipment used to reduce the moisture content of feed materials.

Raw mill means a ball and tube mill, vertical roller mill or other size reduction equipment, that is not part of an in-line kiln/raw mill, used to grind feed to the appropriate size. Moisture may be added or removed from the feed during the grinding operation. If the raw mill is used to remove moisture from feed materials, it is also, by definition, a raw material dryer. The raw mill also includes the air separator associated with the raw mill.

Rolling average means the average of all one-minute averages over the averaging period.

Run average means the average of the one-minute parameter values for a run.

Sorbent means activated carbon, lime, or any other type of material injected into kiln exhaust for the purposes of capturing and removing any hazardous air pollutant.

TEQ means the international method of expressing toxicity equivalents for dioxins and furans as defined in U.S. EPA, Interim Procedures for Estimating Risks Associated with Exposures to Mixtures of Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and -dibenzofurans (CDDs and CDFs) and 1989 Update, March 1989.

Total organic HAP means, for the purposes of this subpart, the sum of the concentrations of compounds of formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, styrene, m-xylene, p-xylene, o-xylene, acetaldehyde, and naphthalene as measured by EPA Test Method 320 of appendix A to this part or ASTM D6348-03. Only the measured concentration of the listed analytes that are present at concentrations exceeding one-half the quantitation limit of the analytical method are to be used in the sum. If any of the analytes are not detected or are detected at concentrations less than one-half the quantitation limit of the analytical method, the concentration of those analytes will be assumed to be zero for the purposes of calculating the total organic HAP for this subpart.

Totally enclosed conveying system transfer point means a conveying system transfer point that is enclosed on all sides, top, and bottom.

Table 1 to this subpart provides cross references to the 40 CFR part 63, subpart A, general provisions, indicating the applicability of the general provisions requirements to subpart LLL.

(a) General. The provisions in this section apply to each kiln and any alkali bypass associated with that kiln, clinker cooler, and raw material dryer. All dioxin D/F, HCl, and total hydrocarbon (THC) emission limits are on a dry basis. The D/F, HCl and THC limits for kilns are corrected to 7 percent oxygen except during periods of startup and shutdown. The raw material dryer THC limits are corrected to 19 percent oxygen except during startup and shutdown. During startup and shutdown no oxygen correction is applied. All (THC) emission limits are measured as propane. Standards for mercury, PM, and THC are based on a 30-day rolling average, except for periods of startup and shutdown, where the standard is based on a 7-day rolling average. The 30-day and 7-day periods mean 30 and 7 consecutive operating days, respectively, where an operating day is any daily 24-hour period during which the kiln operates. Data attributed to an operating day includes all valid data obtained during the daily 24-hour period and excludes any measurements made when the kiln was not operating. If using a CEMS to determine compliance with the HCl standard, this standard is based on a 30-day rolling average, except for periods of startup and shutdown, where the standard is based on a 7-day rolling average. You must ensure appropriate corrections for moisture are made when measuring flowrates used to calculate particulate matter (PM) and mercury emissions.

(b)(1) Kilns, clinker coolers, raw material dryers, raw mills, and finish mills. The emission limits for these sources are shown in table 1 below.

The owner or operator of each new or existing raw material, clinker, or finished product storage bin; conveying system transfer point; bagging system; and bulk loading or unloading system; and each existing raw material dryer, at a facility which is a major source subject to the provisions of this subpart must not cause to be discharged any gases from these affected sources which exhibit opacity in excess of ten percent.

(a) The owner or operator of a kiln subject to a D/F emission limitation under § 63.1343 must operate the kiln such that the temperature of the gas at the inlet to the kiln particulate matter control device (PMCD) and alkali bypass PMCD, if applicable, does not exceed the applicable temperature limit specified in paragraph (b) of this section. The owner or operator of an in-line kiln/raw mill subject to a D/F emission limitation under § 63.1343 must operate the in-line kiln/raw mill, such that:

(1) When the raw mill of the in-line kiln/raw mill is operating, the applicable temperature limit for the main in-line kiln/raw mill exhaust, specified in paragraph (b) of this section and established during the performance test when the raw mill was operating is not exceeded, except during periods of startup/shutdown when the temperature limit may be exceeded by no more than 10 percent.

(2) When the raw mill of the in-line kiln/raw mill is not operating, the applicable temperature limit for the main in-line kiln/raw mill exhaust, specified in paragraph (b) of this section and established during the performance test when the raw mill was not operating, is not exceeded, except during periods of startup/shutdown when the temperature limit may be exceeded by no more than 10 percent.

(3) If the in-line kiln/raw mill is equipped with an alkali bypass, the applicable temperature limit for the alkali bypass specified in paragraph (b) of this section and established during the performance test, with or without the raw mill operating, is not exceeded, except during periods of startup/shutdown when the temperature limit may be exceeded by no more than 10 percent.

(b) The temperature limit for affected sources meeting the limits of paragraph (a) of this section or paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(3) of this section is determined in accordance with § 63.1349(b)(3)(iv).

(c) For an affected source subject to a D/F emission limitation under § 63.1343 that employs sorbent injection as an emission control technique you must operate the sorbent injection system in accordance with paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section.

(1) The three-hour rolling average activated sorbent injection rate must be equal to or greater than the sorbent injection rate determined in accordance with § 63.1349(b)(3)(vi).

(2) You must either:

(i) Maintain the minimum activated carbon injection carrier gas flow rate, as a three-hour rolling average, based on the manufacturer's specifications. These specifications must be documented in the test plan developed in accordance with § 63.7(c), or

(ii) Maintain the minimum activated carbon injection carrier gas pressure drop, as a three-hour rolling average, based on the manufacturer's specifications. These specifications must be documented in the test plan developed in accordance with § 63.7(c).

(d) Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section, for an affected source subject to a D/F emission limitation under § 63.1343 that employs carbon injection as an emission control technique you must specify and use the brand and type of sorbent used during the performance test until a subsequent performance test is conducted, unless the site-specific performance test plan contains documentation of key parameters that affect adsorption and the owner or operator establishes limits based on those parameters, and the limits on these parameters are maintained.

(e) For an affected source subject to a D/F emission limitation under § 63.1343 that employs carbon injection as an emission control technique you may substitute, at any time, a different brand or type of sorbent provided that the replacement has equivalent or improved properties compared to the sorbent specified in the site-specific performance test plan and used in the performance test. The owner or operator must maintain documentation that the substitute sorbent will provide the same or better level of control as the original sorbent.

(f) No kiln may use as a raw material or fuel any fly ash where the mercury content of the fly ash has been increased through the use of activated carbon, or any other sorbent, unless the facility can demonstrate that the use of that fly ash will not result in an increase in mercury emissions over baseline emissions (i.e., emissions not using the fly ash). The facility has the burden of proving there has been no emissions increase over baseline. Once the kiln must comply with a mercury limit specified in § 63.1343, this paragraph no longer applies.

(a) You must prepare, for each affected source subject to the provisions of this subpart, a written operations and maintenance plan. The plan must be submitted to the Administrator for review and approval as part of the application for a part 70 permit and must include the following information:

(1) Procedures for proper operation and maintenance of the affected source and air pollution control devices in order to meet the emission limits and operating limits of §§ 63.1343 through 63.1348;

(2) Corrective actions to be taken when required by paragraph § 63.1350(f)(3);

(3) Procedures to be used during an inspection of the components of the combustion system of each kiln and each in-line kiln raw mill located at the facility at least once per year.

(b) Failure to comply with any provision of the operations and maintenance plan developed in accordance with this section is a violation of the standard.

(a) Initial compliance requirements. For an affected source subject to this subpart, you must demonstrate initial compliance with the emissions standards and operating limits by using the test methods and procedures in §§ 63.1349 and 63.7.

(1) PM compliance. If you are subject to limitations on PM emissions under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate initial compliance with the PM emissions standards by using the test methods and procedures in § 63.1349(b)(1).

(i) You must demonstrate initial compliance by conducting a performance test as specified in § 63.1349(b)(1)(i).

(ii) Compliance with the PM emissions standard must be determined based on the first 30 operating days you operate a PM CEMS.

(2) Opacity compliance. If you are subject to the limitations on opacity under § 63.1345, you must demonstrate initial compliance with the opacity emissions standards by using the performance test methods and procedures in § 63.1349(b)(2). The maximum 6-minute average opacity exhibited during the performance test period must be used to determine whether the affected source is in initial compliance with the standard.

(3) D/F compliance. (i) If you are subject to limitations on D/F emissions under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate initial compliance with the D/F emissions standards by using the performance test methods and procedures in § 63.1349(b)(3). The owner or operator of a kiln with an in-line raw mill must demonstrate initial compliance by conducting separate performance tests while the raw mill is operating and the raw mill is not operating. The D/F concentration must be determined for each run and the arithmetic average of the concentrations measured for the three runs must be calculated to determine compliance.

(ii) If you are subject to a D/F emission limitation under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate initial compliance with the temperature operating limits specified in § 63.1344 by using the performance test methods and procedures in § 63.1349(b)(3)(ii) through (b)(3)(iv). The average of the run temperatures will determine the applicable temperature limit.

(iii) If activated carbon injection is used and you are subject to a D/F emission limitation under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate initial compliance with the activated carbon injection rate operating limits specified in § 63.1344 by using the performance test methods and procedures in § 63.1349(b)(3)(v). The average of the run injection rates will determine the applicable injection rate limit.

(iv) If activated carbon injection is used, you must also develop a carrier gas parameter during the performance test conducted under § 63.1349(b)(3) that meets the requirements of § 63.1349(b)(3)(vi). Compliance is demonstrated if the system is maintained within ± 5 percent accuracy during the performance test.

(4)(i) THC compliance. If you are subject to limitations on THC emissions under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate initial compliance with the THC emissions standards by using the performance test methods and procedures in § 63.1349(b)(4)(i). The average THC concentration obtained during the first 30 operating days must be used to determine initial compliance.

(ii) Total organic HAP emissions tests. If you elect to demonstrate compliance with the total organic HAP emissions limit under § 63.1343(b) in lieu of the THC emissions limit, you must demonstrate initial compliance with the total organic HAP emissions standards by using the performance test methods and procedures in § 63.1349(b)(4)(iii) and (b)(4)(iv).

(iii) If you are demonstrating initial compliance, you must conduct the separate performance tests as specified in § 63.1349(b)(4)(iii) while the raw mill kiln is operating and while the raw mill of the kiln is not operating.

(iv) The average total organic HAP concentration measured during the initial performance test specified by § 63.1349(b)(4)(iii) must be used to determine initial compliance.

(v) The average THC concentration measured during the initial performance test specified by § 63.1349(b)(4)(iv) must be used to determine the site-specific THC limit. This limit should be a weighted average of the THC levels measured during raw mill on and raw mill off testing.

(5) Mercury compliance. If you are subject to limitations on mercury emissions in § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate initial compliance with the mercury standards by using the performance test methods and procedures in § 63.1349(b)(5). You must demonstrate initial compliance by operating a mercury CEMS or a sorbent trap based integrated monitor. The first 30 operating days of daily mercury concentration data must be used to determine initial compliance.

(6) HCl compliance. If you are subject to limitations on HCl emissions under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate initial compliance with the HCl standards by using the performance test methods and procedures in § 63.1349(b)(6).

(i) For an affected source that is equipped with a wet scrubber or tray tower, you must demonstrate initial compliance by conducting a performance test as specified in § 63.1349(b)(6)(i). The HCl concentration must be determined for each run and the arithmetic average of the concentrations measured for the three runs must be calculated to determine compliance. You must also have established appropriate site-specific parameter limits.

(ii) For an affected source that is not equipped with a wet scrubber or tray tower, you must demonstrate initial compliance by operating a CEMS as specified in § 63.1349(b)(6)(ii). The average hourly HCl concentration obtained during the first 30 operating days must be used to determine initial compliance.

(b) Continuous compliance requirements. You must demonstrate continuous compliance with the emissions standards and operating limits by using the performance test methods and procedures in §§ 63.1350 and 63.8 for each affected source.

(1) General requirements. (i) You must monitor and collect data according to § 63.1350 and the site-specific monitoring plan required by § 63.1350(o).

(ii) Except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments), you must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times the affected source is operating. Any period for which data collection is required and the operation of the CEMS is not otherwise exempt and for which the monitoring system is out-of-control and data are not available for required calculations constitutes a deviation from the monitoring requirements.

(iii) You may not use data recorded during monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, or required monitoring system quality assurance or control activities in calculations used to report emissions or operating levels. A monitoring system malfunction is any sudden, infrequent, not reasonably preventable failure of the monitoring system to provide valid data. Monitoring system failures that are caused in part by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions. The owner or operator must use all the data collected during all other periods in assessing the operation of the control device and associated control system

(iv) Clinker production. If you are subject to limitations on PM emissions (lb/ton of clinker) or mercury (lb/MM tons of clinker) under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate continuous compliance with the PM emissions standards by determining the hourly production rate of clinker according to the requirements of § 63.1350(d).

(2) PM compliance. If you are subject to limitations on PM emissions under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate continuous compliance with the PM emissions standards by using the monitoring methods and procedures in § 63.1350(b) and (d).

(i) PM CEMS. You must demonstrate continuous compliance with the PM emissions standards by using the monitoring methods and procedures in § 63.1350(b) for each affected source subject to PM emissions limitations. Continuous compliance is demonstrated by a 30-day rolling average PM emissions in lb/ton clinker, except for periods of startup and shutdown, where the compliance is demonstrated based on a 7-day rolling average.

(3) Opacity compliance. If you are subject to the limitations on opacity under § 63.1345, you must demonstrate continuous compliance with the opacity emissions standards by using the monitoring methods and procedures in § 63.1350(f).

(i) Continuous compliance is demonstrated by conducting specified visible emissions observations and follow up opacity readings, as indicated in § 63.1350(f)(1) and (f)(2). The maximum 6-minute average opacity exhibited during the performance test period must be used to determine whether the affected source is in compliance with the standard. Corrective actions must be initiated within one hour of detecting visible emissions.

(ii) COMS. If you install a COMS in lieu of conducting the daily visible emissions testing, you must demonstrate continuous compliance by operating and maintaining the COMS such that it meets the requirements of § 63.1350(f)(4)(i).

(iii) BLDS. If you install a BLDS on a raw mill or finish mill in lieu of conducting the daily visible emissions testing, you must demonstrate continuous compliance by operating and maintaining the BLDS such that it meets the requirements of § 63.1350(f)(4)(ii).

(4) D/F compliance. If you are subject to a D/F emission limitation under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate continuous compliance with the temperature operating limits specified in § 63.1346 by using the installing, operating, and maintaining a continuous monitor to record the temperature of specified gas streams such that it meets the requirements of § 63.1350(g). Continuous compliance is demonstrated by a 3-hour rolling average temperature.

(5)(i) Activated carbon injection compliance. If activated carbon injection is used and you are subject to a D/F emission limitation under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate continuous compliance with the activated carbon injection rate operating limits specified in § 63.1346 by installing, operating, and maintaining a continuous monitor to record the rate of activated carbon injection that meets the requirements of § 63.1350(h)(1). Continuous compliance is demonstrated by a 3-hour rolling average injection rate.

(ii) If you are subject to a D/F emission limitation under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate continuous compliance with the activated carbon injection system gas parameter by installing, operating, and maintaining a continuous monitor to record the gas parameter that meets the requirements of § 63.1350(h)(2). Continuous compliance is demonstrated by a 3-hour rolling average of the parameter value.

(6) THC compliance. If you are subject to limitations on THC emissions under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate continuous compliance with the THC emissions standards by using the monitoring methods and procedures in § 63.1350 (i) and (j). Continuous compliance is demonstrated by a 30-day rolling average THC concentration, except for periods of startup and shutdown, where the standard is based on a 7-day rolling average.

(7) Mercury compliance. If you are subject to limitations on mercury emissions in § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate continuous compliance with the mercury standards by using the monitoring methods and procedures in § 63.1350(k). Continuous compliance is demonstrated by a 30-day rolling average mercury emission rate in lb/MM tons clinker, except for periods of startup and shutdown, where the standard is based on a 7-day rolling average mercury concentration.

(8) HCl compliance. If you are subject to limitations on HCl emissions under § 63.1343(b), you must demonstrate continuous compliance with the HCl standards by using the performance test methods and procedures in § 63.1349(b)(6).

(i) For an affected source that is not equipped with a wet scrubber or tray tower, you must demonstrate continuous compliance by using the monitoring methods and procedures in § 63.1350(l)(1). Continuous compliance is demonstrated by a 30-day rolling average HCl concentration, except for periods of startup and shutdown, where the standard is based on a 7-day rolling average.

(ii) For an affected source that is equipped with a wet scrubber or tray tower, you must demonstrate continuous compliance by using the monitoring methods and procedures in § 63.1350(l)(2). Continuous compliance is demonstrated by a 30-day rolling average of the required parameters, except for periods of startup and shutdown, where the standard is based on a 7-day rolling average.

(c) Changes in operations. (1) If you plan to undertake a change in operations that may adversely affect compliance with an applicable standard, operating limit, or parametric monitoring value under this subpart, the source must conduct a performance test as specified in § 63.1349(b).

(2) In preparation for and while conducting a performance test required in § 63.1349(b), you may operate under the planned operational change conditions for a period not to exceed 360 hours, provided that the conditions in (c)(2)(i) through (c)(2)(iv) of this section are met. You must submit temperature and other monitoring data that are recorded during the pretest operations.

(i) You must provide the Administrator written notice at least 60 days prior to undertaking an operational change that may adversely affect compliance with an applicable standard under this subpart for any source, or as soon as practicable where 60 days advance notice is not feasible. Notice provided under this paragraph must include a description of the planned change, the emissions standards that may be affected by the change, and a schedule for completion of the performance test required under paragraph (c)(1) of this section, including when the planned operational change period would begin.

(ii) The performance test results must be documented in a test report according to § 63.1349(a).

(iii) A test plan must be made available to the Administrator prior to performance testing, if requested.

(iv) The performance test must be conducted completed within 360 hours after the planned operational change period begins.

(d) General duty to minimize emissions. At all times you must operate and maintain any affected source, including associated air pollution control equipment and monitoring equipment, in a manner consistent with safety and good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. Determination of whether such operation and maintenance procedures are being used will be based on information available to the Administrator which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operation and maintenance procedures, review of operation and maintenance records, and inspection of the source.

(a) Performance test results must be documented in complete test reports that contain the information required by paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(10) of this section, as well as all other relevant information. As described in § 63.7(c)(2)(i), the site-specific plan to be followed during performance testing must be made available to the Administrator prior to testing, if requested.

(1) A brief description of the process and the air pollution control system;

(2) Sampling location description(s);

(3) A description of sampling and analytical procedures and any modifications to standard procedures;

(4) Test results;

(5) Quality assurance procedures and results;

(6) Records of operating conditions during the performance test, preparation of standards, and calibration procedures;

(7) Raw data sheets for field sampling and field and laboratory analyses;

(8) Documentation of calculations;

(9) All data recorded and used to establish parameters for monitoring; and

(10) Any other information required by the performance test method.

(b)(1) PM emissions tests. (i)(A) If you are subject to the limitations on emissions of PM, you must install, operate, calibrate, and maintain a PM CEMS in accordance with the requirements in § 63.1350(b).

(B) You must determine, record, and maintain a record of the accuracy of the volumetric flow rate monitoring system according to the procedures in § 63.1350(m)(5).

(C) The initial compliance test must be based on the first 30 operating days in which the affected source operates using a CEMS. Hourly PM concentration and stack gas volumetric flow rate data must be obtained.

(ii) You must determine the clinker production rate using the methods in § 63.1350(d).

(iii) The emission rate, E, of PM (lb/ton of clinker) must be computed for each run using equation 3 of this section:

(iv) When there is an alkali bypass associated with a kiln, the main exhaust and alkali bypass of the kiln must be tested simultaneously and the combined emission rate of particulate matter from the kiln and alkali bypass must be computed for each computed for each run using equation 4 of this section:

(2) Opacity tests. If you are subject to limitations on opacity under this subpart, you must conduct opacity tests in accordance with Method 9 of appendix A-4 to part 60 of this chapter. The duration of the Method 9 performance test must be 3 hours (30 6-minute averages), except that the duration of the Method 9 performance test may be reduced to 1 hour if the conditions of paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (b)(2)(ii) of this section apply. For batch processes that are not run for 3-hour periods or longer, compile observations totaling 3 hours when the unit is operating.

(i) There are no individual readings greater than 10 percent opacity;

(ii) There are no more than three readings of 10 percent for the first 1-hour period.

(3) D/F emissions tests. If you are subject to limitations on D/F emissions under this subpart, you must conduct a performance test using Method 23 of appendix A-7 to part 60 of this chapter. The owner or operator of a kiln or in-line kiln/raw mill equipped with an alkali bypass must conduct simultaneous performance tests of the kiln or in-line kiln/raw mill exhaust and the alkali bypass. However, the owner or operator of an in-line kiln/raw mill may conduct a performance test of the alkali bypass exhaust when the raw mill of the in-line kiln/raw mill is operating or not operating.

(i) Each performance test must consist of three separate runs conducted under representative conditions. The duration of each run must be at least 3 hours, and the sample volume for each run must be at least 2.5 dscm (90 dscf).

(ii) The temperature at the inlet to the kiln or in-line kiln/raw mill PMCD, and, where applicable, the temperature at the inlet to the alkali bypass PMCD must be continuously recorded during the period of the Method 23 test, and the continuous temperature record(s) must be included in the performance test report.

(iii) Hourly average temperatures must be calculated for each run of the performance test.

(iv) The run average temperature must be calculated for each run, and the average of the run average temperatures must be determined and included in the performance test report and will determine the applicable temperature limit in accordance with § 63.1344(b).

(v)(A) If sorbent injection is used for D/F control, the rate of sorbent injection to the kiln or in-line kiln/raw mill exhaust, and where applicable, the rate of sorbent injection to the alkali bypass exhaust, must be continuously recorded during the period of the Method 23 test in accordance with the conditions in § 63.1350(m)(9), and the continuous injection rate record(s) must be included in the performance test report. Sorbent injection rate parameters must be determined in accordance with paragraphs (b)(3)(vi) of this section.

(B) The performance test report must include the brand and type of sorbent used during the performance test.

(C) The owner or operator must maintain a continuous record of either the carrier gas flow rate or the carrier gas pressure drop for the duration of the performance test. If the carrier gas flow rate is used, the owner or operator must determine, record, and maintain a record of the accuracy of the carrier gas flow rate monitoring system according to the procedures in appendix A to part 75 of this chapter. If the carrier gas pressure drop is used, the owner or operator must determine, record, and maintain a record of the accuracy of the carrier gas pressure drop monitoring system according to the procedures in § 63.1350(m)(6).

(vi) The run average sorbent injection rate must be calculated for each run and the average of the run average injection rates must be determined and included in the performance test report and will determine the applicable injection rate limit in accordance with § 63.1344(c)(1).

(4)(i) THC CEMS relative accuracy test. (A) If you are subject to limitations on THC emissions, you must operate a continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS) in accordance with the requirements in § 63.1350(1). For the purposes of conducting the accuracy and quality assurance evaluations for CEMS, the THC span value (as propane) is 50 ppmvd. You demonstrate compliance with a RATA when the accuracy between the CEMS and the test audit is within 20 percent or when the test audit results are within 10 percent of the standard

(B) The initial compliance test must be based on the first 30 operating days of operation in which the affected source operates using a CEMS.

(ii) Total organic HAP emissions tests. Instead of conducting the performance test specified in paragraph (b)(4)(i) of this section, you may conduct a performance test to determine emissions of total organic HAP by following the procedures in paragraphs (b)(4)(iii) through (b)(4)(iv) of this section.

(iii) Method 320 of appendix A to this part or ASTM D6348-03 (incorporated by reference—See § 63.14) must be used to determine emissions of total organic HAP. Each performance test must consist of three separate runs under the conditions that exist when the affected source is operating at the representative performance conditions in accordance with § 63.7(e). Each run must be conducted for at least 1 hour.

(iv) At the same time that you are conducting the performance test for total organic HAP, you must also determine THC emissions by operating a CEMS in accordance with the requirements of § 63.1350(j). The duration of the performance test must be 3 hours and the average THC concentration (as calculated from the 1-minute averages) during the 3-hour test must be calculated.

(5) Mercury emissions tests. If you are subject to limitations on mercury emissions, you must operate a mercury CEMS in accordance with the requirements of § 63.1350(k). The initial compliance test must be based on the first 30 operating days in which the affected source operates using a CEMS. Hourly mercury concentration and stack gas volumetric flow rate data must be obtained. If you use a sorbent trap monitoring system, daily data must be obtained with each day assumed to equal the daily average of the sorbent trap collection period covering that day.

(i) If you are using a mercury CEMS, you must install, operate, calibrate, and maintain an instrument for continuously measuring and recording the exhaust gas flow rate to the atmosphere according to the requirements in § 63.1350(k)(4).

(ii) The emission rate must be computed by dividing the average mercury emission rate by the clinker production rate during the same 30-day rolling period using the equation 5 of this section:

(6) HCl emissions tests. For a source subject to limitations on HCl emissions you must conduct performance testing by one of the following methods:

(i)(A) If the source is equipped with a wet scrubber, or tray tower, you must conduct performance testing using Method 321 of appendix A to this part unless you have installed a CEMS that meets the requirements § 63.1350(l)(1) .

(B) You must establish site specific parameter limits by using the CPMS required in§ 63.1350(l)(1). Measure and record the pressure drop across the scrubber and/or liquid flow rate and pH in intervals of no more than 15 minutes during the HCl test. Compute and record the 24-hour average pressure drop, pH, and average scrubber water flow rate for each sampling run in which the applicable emissions limit is met.

(ii)(A) If the source is not controlled by a wet scrubber, you must operate a CEMS in accordance with the requirements of § 63.1350(l)(1). The initial performance test must be the first 30 operating days you use the CEMS.

(B) The initial compliance test must be based on the 30 operating days in which the affected source operates using a CEMS. Hourly HCl concentration and stack gas volumetric flow rate data must be obtained.

(c) Performance test frequency. Except as provided in § 63.1348(b), performance tests are required for affected sources that are subject to a dioxin, total organic HAP, or HCl, emissions limit and must be repeated every 30 months except for pollutants where that specific pollutant is monitored using CEMS.

(d) Performance test reporting requirements.

(1) You must submit the information specified in paragraphs (d)(1)(i) and (d)(2) of this section no later than 60 days following the initial performance test. All reports must be signed by the facility's manager.

(i) The initial performance test data as recorded under paragraph (b) of this section.

(ii) The values for the site-specific operating limits or parameters established pursuant to paragraphs (b)(3), (b)(4)(iii), (b)(5)(ii), and (b)(6)(i) of this section, as applicable, and a description, including sample calculations, of how the operating parameters were established during the initial performance test.

(2) As of December 31, 2011 and within 60 days after the date of completing each performance evaluation or test, as defined in § 63.2, conducted to demonstrate compliance with this subpart, you must submit the relative accuracy test audit data and performance test data, except opacity data, to EPA by successfully submitting the data electronically to EPA's Central Data Exchange (CDX) by using the Electronic Reporting Tool(ERT) (see http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ert/ert_tool.html/).

(e) Performance tests must be conducted under such conditions as the Administrator specifies to the owner or operator based on representative performance of the affected source for the period being tested. Upon request, you must make available to the Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of performance tests.

(a) All continuous monitoring data for periods of startup and shutdown must be compiled and averaged separately from data gathered during periods of normal operation.

(b) PM monitoring requirements for sources using PM CEMS. (1) For a kiln or clinker cooler subject to emissions limitation on particulate matter emissions in § 63.1343(b) and using a PM CEMS, you must install and operate a continuous emissions monitor in accordance with Performance Specification 11 of appendix B and Procedure 2 of appendix F to part 60 of this chapter. The performance test method and the correlation test method for Performance Specification 11 must be Method 5 or Method 5i of appendix A to part 60 of this chapter. You must also develop an emissions monitoring plan in accordance with paragraphs (o)(1) through (o)(4) of this section.

(2) You must perform Relative Response Audits annually and Response Correlation Audits every 3 years.

(3) If you are using a PM CEMS, you must install, operate, calibrate, and maintain an instrument for continuously measuring and recording the exhaust gas flow rate to the atmosphere according to the requirements in paragraphs (n)(1) through (n)(10) of this section.

(4) In order to calculate the 30-day or 7-day rolling average, collect readings at least every 15 minutes. Sum the hourly data to daily data and then into a 30-day rolling average. You must use all data, except those recorded during monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, or required monitoring system quality assurance or control activities, in calculations.

(c) [Reserved]

(d) Clinker production monitoring requirements. If you are subject to an emissions limitation on particulate matter, mercury, NOX, or SO2 emissions (lb/ton of clinker), you must:

(1) Determine hourly clinker production by one of two methods:

(i) Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a permanent weigh scale system to measure and record weight rates in tons-mass per hour of the amount of clinker produced. The system of measuring hourly clinker production must be maintained within ±5 percent accuracy.

(ii) Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a permanent weigh scale system to measure and record weight rates in tons-mass per hour of the amount of feed to the kiln. The system of measuring feed must be maintained within ±5 percent accuracy. Calculate your hourly clinker production rate using a kiln specific feed to clinker ratio based on reconciled clinker production determined for accounting purposes and recorded feed rates. This ratio must be updated monthly. Note that if this ratio changes at clinker reconciliation, you must use the new ratio going forward, but you do not have to retroactively change clinker production rates previously estimated.

(2) Determine, record, and maintain a record of the accuracy of the system of measuring hourly clinker production (or feed mass flow if applicable). During each quarter of source operation, you must determine, record, and maintain a record of the ongoing accuracy of the system of measuring hourly clinker production (or feed mass flow).

(3) Record the daily clinker production rates and kiln feed rates; and

(4) Develop an emissions monitoring plan in accordance with paragraphs (o)(1) through (o)(4) of this section.

(e) [Reserved]

(f) Opacity monitoring requirements. If you are subject to a limitation on opacity under § 63.1345, you must conduct required emissions monitoring in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs (f)(1)(i) through (f)(1)(vii) of this section and in accordance with the operation and maintenance plan developed in accordance with § 63.1347. You must conduct emissions monitoring in accordance with paragraphs (f)(2)(i) through (f)(2)(iii) of this section and in accordance with the operation and maintenance plan developed in accordance with (p)(1) through (p)(4) of this section. You must also develop an opacity emissions monitoring plan in accordance with paragraphs (o)(1) through (o)(4) and paragraph (o)(5), if applicable, of this section.

(1)(i) You must conduct a monthly 10-minute visible emissions test of each affected source in accordance with Method 22 of appendix A-7 to part 60 of this chapter. The performance test must be conducted while the affected source is in operation.

(ii) If no visible emissions are observed in six consecutive monthly tests for any affected source, the owner or operator may decrease the frequency of performance testing from monthly to semi-annually for that affected source. If visible emissions are observed during any semi-annual test, you must resume performance testing of that affected source on a monthly basis and maintain that schedule until no visible emissions are observed in six consecutive monthly tests.

(iii) If no visible emissions are observed during the semi-annual test for any affected source, you may decrease the frequency of performance testing from semi-annually to annually for that affected source. If visible emissions are observed during any annual performance test, the owner or operator must resume performance testing of that affected source on a monthly basis and maintain that schedule until no visible emissions are observed in six consecutive monthly tests.

(iv) If visible emissions are observed during any Method 22 performance test, of appendix A-7 to part 60 of this chapter, you must conduct five 6-minute averages of opacity in accordance with Method 9 of appendix A-4 to part 60 of this chapter. The Method 9 performance test, of appendix A-4 to part 60 of this chapter, must begin within 1 hour of any observation of visible emissions.

(v) The requirement to conduct Method 22 visible emissions monitoring under this paragraph do not apply to any totally enclosed conveying system transfer point, regardless of the location of the transfer point. “Totally enclosed conveying system transfer point” must mean a conveying system transfer point that is enclosed on all sides, top, and bottom. The enclosures for these transfer points must be operated and maintained as total enclosures on a continuing basis in accordance with the facility operations and maintenance plan.

(vi) If any partially enclosed or unenclosed conveying system transfer point is located in a building, you must have the option to conduct a Method 22 performance test, of appendix A-7 to part 60 of this chapter, according to the requirements of paragraphs (f)(1)(i) through (f)(1)(iv) of this section for each such conveying system transfer point located within the building, or for the building itself, according to paragraph (f)(1)(vii) of this section.

(vii) If visible emissions from a building are monitored, the requirements of paragraphs (f)(1)(i) through (f)(1)(iv) of this section apply to the monitoring of the building, and you must also test visible emissions from each side, roof, and vent of the building for at least 10 minutes.

(2)(i) For a raw mill or finish mill, you must monitor opacity by conducting daily visual emissions observations of the mill sweep and air separator particulate matter control devices (PMCD) of these affected sources in accordance with the procedures of Method 22 of appendix A-7 to part 60 of this chapter. The duration of the Method 22 performance test must be 6 minutes.

(ii) Within 24 hours of the end of the Method 22 performance test in which visible emissions were observed, the owner or operator must conduct a follow up Method 22 performance test of each stack from which visible emissions were observed during the previous Method 22 performance test.

(iii) If visible emissions are observed during the follow-up Method 22 performance test required by paragraph (a)(5)(ii) of this section from any stack from which visible emissions were observed during the previous Method 22 performance test required by paragraph (a)(5)(i) of the section, you must conduct a visual opacity test of each stack from which emissions were observed during the follow up Method 22 performance test in accordance with Method 9 of appendix A-4 to part 60 of this chapter. The duration of the Method 9 test must be 30 minutes.

(3) Corrective actions. If visible emissions are observed during any Method 22 visible emissions test conducted under paragraphs (f)(1) or (f)(2) of this section, you must initiate, within one-hour, the corrective actions specified in the site specific operating and maintenance plan provisions in § 63.1347.

(4) The requirements under paragraph (f)(2) of this section to conduct daily Method 22 testing do not apply to any specific raw mill or finish mill equipped with a continuous opacity monitoring system (COMS) or bag leak detection system (BLDS).

(i) If the owner or operator chooses to install a COMS in lieu of conducting the daily visual emissions testing required under paragraph (f)(2) of this section, then the COMS must be installed at the outlet of the PM control device of the raw mill or finish mill and the COMS must be installed, maintained, calibrated, and operated as required by the general provisions in subpart A of this part and according to PS-1 of appendix B to part 60 of this chapter.

(ii) If you choose to install a BLDS in lieu of conducting the daily visual emissions testing required under paragraph (f)(2) of this section, the requirements in paragraphs (m)(1) through (m)(4), (m)(10) and (m)(11) of this section apply.

(g) D/F monitoring requirements. If you are subject to an emissions limitation on D/F emissions, you must comply with the monitoring requirements of paragraphs (g)(1) through (g)(6) and paragraphs (m)(1) through (m)(4) of this section to demonstrate continuous compliance with the D/F emissions standard. You must also develop an emissions monitoring plan in accordance with paragraphs (p)(1) through (p)(4) of this section.

(1) You must install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously operate a continuous monitor to record the temperature of the exhaust gases from the kiln, in-line kiln/raw mill, and alkali bypass, if applicable, at the inlet to, or upstream of, the kiln, in-line kiln/raw mill and/or alkali bypass PMCDs.

(i) The temperature recorder response range must include zero and 1.5 times the average temperature established according to the requirements in § 63.1349(b)(3)(iv).

(ii) The calibration reference for the temperature measurement must be a National Institute of Standards and Technology calibrated reference thermocouple-potentiometer system or alternate reference, subject to approval by the Administrator.

(iii) The calibration of all thermocouples and other temperature sensors must be verified at least once every three months.

(2) You must monitor and continuously record the temperature of the exhaust gases from the kiln, in-line kiln/raw mill, and alkali bypass, if applicable, at the inlet to the kiln, in-line kiln/raw mill and/or alkali bypass PMCD.

(3) The required minimum data collection frequency must be one minute.

(4) Each hour, calculate the three-hour average temperature for the previous 3 hours of process operation using all of the one-minute data available (i.e., the CMS is not out-of-control.)

(5) When the operating status of the raw mill of the in-line kiln/raw mill is changed from off to on or from on to off, the calculation of the three-hour rolling average temperature must begin anew, without considering previous recordings.

(h) Monitoring requirements for sources using sorbent injection. If you are subject to an operating limit on D/F emissions that employs carbon injection as an emission control technique, you must comply with the additional monitoring requirements of paragraphs (h)(1) and (h)(2) and paragraphs (m)(1) through (m)(4) and (m)(9) of this section. You must also develop an emissions monitoring plan in accordance with paragraphs (p)(1) through (p)(4) of this section.

(1) Install, operate, calibrate, and maintain a continuous monitor to record the rate of activated carbon injection. The accuracy of the rate measurement device must be ±1 percent of the rate being measured.

(i) Verify the calibration of the device at least once every three months.

(ii) Each hour, calculate the three-hour rolling average activated carbon injection rate for the previous 3 hours of process operation using all of the one-minute data available (i.e., the CMS is not out-of-control.)

(iii) When the operating status of the raw mill of the in-line kiln/raw mill is changed from off to on or from on to off, the calculation of the three-hour rolling average activated carbon injection rate must begin anew, without considering previous recordings.

(2)(i) Install, operate, calibrate, and maintain a continuous monitor to record the activated carbon injection system carrier gas parameter (either the carrier gas flow rate or the carrier gas pressure drop) established during the D/F performance test in accordance with § 63.1349(b)(3).

(ii) Each hour, calculate the three-hour rolling average of the selected parameter value for the previous 3 hours of process operation using all of the one-minute data available (i.e., the CMS is not out-of-control.)

(i) THC Monitoring Requirements. If you are subject to an emissions limitation on THC emissions, you must comply with the monitoring requirements of paragraphs (i)(1) and (i)(2) and (m)(1) through (m)(4) of this section. You must also develop an emissions monitoring plan in accordance with paragraphs (p)(1) through (p)(4) of this section.

(1) You must install, operate, and maintain a THC continuous emission monitoring system in accordance with Performance Specification 8 of appendix B to part 60 of this chapter and comply with all of the requirements for continuous monitoring systems found in the general provisions, subpart A of this part. The owner or operator must operate and maintain each CEMS according to the quality assurance requirements in Procedure 1 of appendix F in part 60 of this chapter.

(2) For sources equipped with an alkali bypass stack, instead of installing a CEMS, you may use the results of the initial or subsequent performance test to demonstrate compliance with the THC emission limit.

(j) Total organic HAP monitoring requirements. If you are complying with the total organic HAP emissions limits, you must continuously monitor THC according to paragraph (i)(1) and (2) or in accordance with Performance Specification 15 of appendix B to part 60 of this chapter and comply with all of the requirements for continuous monitoring systems found in the general provisions, subpart A of this part. You must operate and maintain each CEMS according to the quality assurance requirements in Procedure 1 of appendix F in part 60 of this chapter. In addition, your must follow the monitoring requirements in paragraphs (m)(1) through (m)(4) of this section. You must also develop an emissions monitoring plan in accordance with paragraphs (p)(1) through (p)(4) of this section.

(k) Mercury monitoring requirements. If you have a kiln or in-line kiln/raw mill subject to an emissions limitation on mercury emissions, you must install and operate a mercury continuous emissions monitoring system (Hg CEMS) in accordance with Performance Specification 12A of appendix B to part 60 of this chapter or a sorbent trap-based integrated monitoring system in accordance with Performance Specification 12B of appendix B to part 60 of this chapter. You must continuously monitor mercury according to paragraphs (k)(1) through (k)(3) and (m)(1) through (m)(4) of this section. You must also develop an emissions monitoring plan in accordance with paragraphs (p)(1) through (p)(4) of this section.

(1) The span value for any Hg CEMS must include the intended upper limit of the mercury concentration measurement range during normal “mill on” operation which may be exceeded during “mill off” operation or other short term conditions lasting less than 24 consecutive kiln operating hours. However, the span should be at least equivalent to approximately two times the emissions standard and it may be rounded to the nearest multiple of 10 µg/m3 of total mercury.

(2) You must operate and maintain each Hg CEMS or sorbent trap-based integrated monitoring system according to the quality assurance requirements in Procedure 5 of appendix F to part 60 of this chapter.

(3) Relative accuracy testing of mercury monitoring systems under Performance Specification 12A, Performance Specification 12B, or Procedure 5 must be at normal operating conditions with the raw mill on.

(4) If you use a mercury CEMS, you must install, operate, calibrate, and maintain an instrument for continuously measuring and recording the exhaust gas flow rate to the atmosphere according to the requirements in paragraphs (n)(1) through (n)(10) of this section.

(l) HCl Monitoring Requirements. If you are subject to an emissions limitation on HCl emissions in § 63.1343, you must continuously monitor HCl according to paragraph (l)(1) and (2) and paragraphs (m)(1) through (m)(4) of this section. You must also develop an emissions monitoring plan in accordance with paragraphs (p)(1) through (p)(4) of this section.

(1) Continuously monitor compliance with the HCl limit by operating a continuous emission monitor in accordance with Performance Specification 15 of appendix B to part 60 of this chapter. You must operate and maintain each CEMS according to the quality assurance requirements in Procedure 1 of 40 CFR of appendix F to part 60 of this chapter except that the Relative Accuracy Test Audit requirements of Procedure 1 must be replaced with the validation requirements and criteria of sections 11.1.1 and 12.0 of Performance Specification 15, or

(2) Install, operate, and maintain a CMS to monitor wet scrubber parameters as specified in paragraphs (m)(5) and (m)(7) of this section.

(m) Parameter monitoring requirements. If you have an operating limit that requires the use of a CMS, you must install, operate, and maintain each continuous parameter monitoring system (CPMS) according to the procedures in paragraphs (n)(1) through (4) of this section by the compliance date specified in § 63.1351. You must also meet the applicable specific parameter monitoring requirements in paragraphs (m)(5) through (m)(11) that are applicable to you.

(1) The CMS must complete a minimum of one cycle of operation for each successive 15-minute period. You must have a minimum of four successive cycles of operation to have a valid hour of data.

(2) You must conduct all monitoring in continuous operation at all times that the unit is operating.

(3) Determine the 3-hour block average of all recorded readings.

(4) Record the results of each inspection, calibration, and validation check.

(5) Liquid flow rate monitoring requirements. If you have an operating limit that requires the use of a flow measurement device, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (m)(5)(i) through (iv) of this section.

(i) Locate the flow sensor and other necessary equipment in a position that provides a representative flow.

(ii) Use a flow sensor with a measurement sensitivity of 2 percent of the flow rate.

(iii) Reduce swirling flow or abnormal velocity distributions due to upstream and downstream disturbances.

(iv) Conduct a flow sensor calibration check at least semiannually.

(6) Specific pressure monitoring requirements. If you have an operating limit that requires the use of a pressure measurement device, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (m)(6)(i) through (vi) of this section.

(i) Locate the pressure sensor(s) in a position that provides a representative measurement of the pressure.

(ii) Minimize or eliminate pulsating pressure, vibration, and internal and external corrosion.

(iii) Use a gauge with a minimum tolerance of 1.27 centimeters of water or a transducer with a minimum tolerance of 1 percent of the pressure range.

(iv) Check pressure tap pluggage daily.

(v) Using a manometer, check gauge calibration quarterly and transducer calibration monthly.

(vi) Conduct calibration checks any time the sensor exceeds the manufacturer's specified maximum operating pressure range or install a new pressure sensor.

(7) Specific pH monitoring requirements. If you have an operating limit that requires the use of a pH measurement device, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (m)(7)(i) through (iii) of this section.

(i) Locate the pH sensor in a position that provides a representative measurement of scrubber effluent pH.

(ii) Ensure the sample is properly mixed and representative of the fluid to be measured.

(iii) Check the pH meter's calibration on at least two points every 8 hours of process operation.

(8) [Reserved]

(9) Mass flow rate (for sorbent injection) monitoring requirements. If you have an operating limit that requires the use of equipment to monitor sorbent injection rate (e.g., weigh belt, weigh hopper, or hopper flow measurement device), you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (m)(9)(i) through (iii) of this section.

(i) Locate the device in a position(s) that provides a representative measurement of the total sorbent injection rate.

(ii) Install and calibrate the device in accordance with manufacturer's procedures and specifications.

(iii) At least annually, calibrate the device in accordance with the manufacturer's procedures and specifications.

(10) Bag leak detection monitoring requirements. If you elect to use a fabric filter bag leak detection system to comply with the requirements of this subpart, you must install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously operate a bag leak detection system as specified in paragraphs (m)(10)(i) through (viii) of this section.

(i) You must install and operate a bag leak detection system for each exhaust stack of the fabric filter.

(ii) Each bag leak detection system must be installed, operated, calibrated, and maintained in a manner consistent with the manufacturer's written specifications and recommendations and in accordance with the guidance provided in EPA-454/R-98-015, September 1997.

(iii) The bag leak detection system must be certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting particulate matter emissions at concentrations of 10 or fewer milligrams per actual cubic meter.

(iv) The bag leak detection system sensor must provide output of relative or absolute particulate matter loadings.

(v) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with a device to continuously record the output signal from the sensor.

(vi) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with an alarm system that will alert an operator automatically when an increase in relative particulate matter emissions over a preset level is detected. The alarm must be located such that the alert is detected and recognized easily by an operator.

(vii) For positive pressure fabric filter systems that do not duct all compartments of cells to a common stack, a bag leak detection system must be installed in each baghouse compartment or cell.

(viii) Where multiple bag leak detectors are required, the system's instrumentation and alarm may be shared among detectors.

(11) For each BLDS, the owner or operator must initiate procedures to determine the cause of every alarm within 8 hours of the alarm. The owner or operator must alleviate the cause of the alarm within 24 hours of the alarm by taking whatever corrective action(s) are necessary. Corrective actions may include, but are not limited to the following:

(i) Inspecting the fabric filter for air leaks, torn or broken bags or filter media, or any other condition that may cause an increase in PM emissions;

(ii) Sealing off defective bags or filter media;

(iii) Replacing defective bags or filter media or otherwise repairing the control device;

(iv) Sealing off a defective fabric filter compartment;

(v) Cleaning the bag leak detection system probe or otherwise repairing the bag leak detection system; or

(vi) Shutting down the process producing the PM emissions.

(n) Continuous emissions rate monitoring system. You must install, operate, calibrate, and maintain instruments, according to the requirements in paragraphs (n)(1) and (2) of this section, for continuously measuring and recording the pollutant per mass flow rate to the atmosphere from sources subject to an emissions limitation that has a pounds per ton of clinker unit.

(1) You must install each sensor of the flow rate monitoring system in a location that provides representative measurement of the exhaust gas flow rate at the sampling location of the mercury or PM CEMS, taking into account the manufacturer's recommendations. The flow rate sensor is that portion of the system that senses the volumetric flow rate and generates an output proportional to that flow rate.

(2) The flow rate monitoring system must be designed to measure the exhaust flow rate over a range that extends from a value of at least 20 percent less than the lowest expected exhaust flow rate to a value of at least 20 percent greater than the highest expected exhaust flow rate.

(3) The flow rate monitoring system must have a minimum accuracy of 5 percent of the flow rate or greater.

(4) The flow rate monitoring system must be equipped with a data acquisition and recording system that is capable of recording values over the entire range specified in paragraph (n)(1) of this section.

(5) The signal conditioner, wiring, power supply, and data acquisition and recording system for the flow rate monitoring system must be compatible with the output signal of the flow rate sensors used in the monitoring system.

(6) The flow rate monitoring system must be designed to complete a minimum of one cycle of operation for each successive 15-minute period.

(7) The flow rate sensor must have provisions to determine the daily zero and upscale calibration drift (CD) (see sections 3.1 and 8.3 of Performance Specification 2 in appendix B to Part 60 of this chapter for a discussion of CD).

(i) Conduct the CD tests at two reference signal levels, zero (e.g., 0 to 20 percent of span) and upscale (e.g., 50 to 70 percent of span).

(ii) The absolute value of the difference between the flow monitor response and the reference signal must be equal to or less than 3 percent of the flow monitor span.

(8) You must perform an initial relative accuracy test of the flow rate monitoring system according to Section 8.2 of Performance Specification 6 of appendix B to Part 60 of the chapter with the exceptions in paragraphs (n)(8)(i) and (n)(8)(ii) of this section.

(i) The relative accuracy test is to evaluate the flow rate monitoring system alone rather than a continuous emission rate monitoring system.

(ii) The relative accuracy of the flow rate monitoring system shall be no greater than 10 percent of the mean value of the reference method data.

(9) You must verify the accuracy of the flow rate monitoring system at least once per year by repeating the relative accuracy test specified in paragraph (n)(8).

(10) You must operate the flow rate monitoring system and record data during all periods of operation of the affected facility including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments).

(o) Alternate monitoring requirements approval. You may submit an application to the Administrator for approval of alternate monitoring requirements to demonstrate compliance with the emission standards of this subpart, except for emission standards for THC, subject to the provisions of paragraphs (n)(1) through (n)(6) of this section.

(1) The Administrator will not approve averaging periods other than those specified in this section, unless you document, using data or information, that the longer averaging period will ensure that emissions do not exceed levels achieved during the performance test over any increment of time equivalent to the time required to conduct three runs of the performance test.

(2) If the application to use an alternate monitoring requirement is approved, you must continue to use the original monitoring requirement until approval is received to use another monitoring requirement.

(3) You must submit the application for approval of alternate monitoring requirements no later than the notification of performance test. The application must contain the information specified in paragraphs (m)(3)(i) through (iii) of this section:

(i) Data or information justifying the request, such as the technical or economic infeasibility, or the impracticality of using the required approach;

(ii) A description of the proposed alternative monitoring requirement, including the operating parameter to be monitored, the monitoring approach and technique, the averaging period for the limit, and how the limit is to be calculated; and

(iii) Data or information documenting that the alternative monitoring requirement would provide equivalent or better assurance of compliance with the relevant emission standard.

(4) The Administrator will notify you of the approval or denial of the application within 90 calendar days after receipt of the original request, or within 60 calendar days of the receipt of any supplementary information, whichever is later. The Administrator will not approve an alternate monitoring application unless it would provide equivalent or better assurance of compliance with the relevant emission standard. Before disapproving any alternate monitoring application, the Administrator will provide:

(i) Notice of the information and findings upon which the intended disapproval is based; and

(ii) Notice of opportunity for you to present additional supporting information before final action is taken on the application. This notice will specify how much additional time is allowed for you to provide additional supporting information.

(5) You are responsible for submitting any supporting information in a timely manner to enable the Administrator to consider the application prior to the performance test. Neither submittal of an application, nor the Administrator's failure to approve or disapprove the application relieves you of the responsibility to comply with any provision of this subpart.

(6) The Administrator may decide at any time, on a case-by-case basis that additional or alternative operating limits, or alternative approaches to establishing operating limits, are necessary to demonstrate compliance with the emission standards of this subpart.

(p) Development and submittal (upon request) of monitoring plans. If you demonstrate compliance with any applicable emission limit through performance stack testing or other emissions monitoring, you must develop a site-specific monitoring plan according to the requirements in paragraphs (p)(1) through (4) of this section. This requirement also applies to you if you petition the EPA Administrator for alternative monitoring parameters under paragraph (n) of this section and § 63.8(f). If you use a BLDS, you must also meet the requirements specified in paragraph (o)(5) of this section.

(1) For each continuous monitoring system (CMS) required in this section, you must develop, and submit to the permitting authority for approval upon request, a site-specific monitoring plan that addresses paragraphs (o)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section. You must submit this site-specific monitoring plan, if requested, at least 60 days before your initial performance evaluation of your CMS.

(i) Installation of the CMS sampling probe or other interface at a measurement location relative to each affected process unit such that the measurement is representative of control of the exhaust emissions (e.g., on or downstream of the last control device);

(ii) Performance and equipment specifications for the sample interface, the pollutant concentration or parametric signal analyzer, and the data collection and reduction systems; and

(iii) Performance evaluation procedures and acceptance criteria (e.g., calibrations).

(2) In your site-specific monitoring plan, you must also address paragraphs (o)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section.

(i) Ongoing operation and maintenance procedures in accordance with the general requirements of § 63.8(c)(1), (c)(3), and (c)(4)(ii);

(ii) Ongoing data quality assurance procedures in accordance with the general requirements of § 63.8(d); and

(iii) Ongoing recordkeeping and reporting procedures in accordance with the general requirements of § 63.10(c), (e)(1), and (e)(2)(i).

(3) You must conduct a performance evaluation of each CMS in accordance with your site-specific monitoring plan.

(4) You must operate and maintain the CMS in continuous operation according to the site-specific monitoring plan.

(5) BLDS monitoring plan. Each monitoring plan must describe the items in paragraphs (o)(5)(i) through (v) of this section. At a minimum, you must retain records related to the site-specific monitoring plan and information discussed in paragraphs (m)(1) through (4), (m)(10) and (m)(11) of this section for a period of 5 years, with at least the first 2 years on-site;

(i) Installation of the BLDS;

(ii) Initial and periodic adjustment of the BLDS, including how the alarm set-point will be established;

(iii) Operation of the BLDS, including quality assurance procedures;

(iv) How the BLDS will be maintained, including a routine maintenance schedule and spare parts inventory list;

(v) How the BLDS output will be recorded and stored.

(a) The compliance date for any affected existing source subject to any rule requirements that were in effect before December 20, 2006, is:

(1) June 14, 2002, for sources that commenced construction before or on March 24, 1998, or

(2) June 14, 1999 or startup for sources that commenced construction after March 24, 1998.

(b) The compliance date for any affected existing source subject to any rule requirements that became effective on December 20, 2006, is:

(1) December 21, 2009, for sources that commenced construction after December 2, 2005 and before or on December 20, 2006, or

(2) Startup for sources that commenced construction after December 20, 2006.

(c) The compliance date for existing sources for all the requirements that became effective on November 8, 2010 will be September 9, 2013.

(d) The compliance date for new sources is November 9, 2010 or startup, whichever is later.

(a) If you are conducting tests to determine the rates of emission of HCl from kilns and associated bypass stacks at portland cement manufacturing facilities, for use in applicability determinations under § 63.1340, you may use Method 320 or Method 321 of appendix A of this part.

(b) Owners or operators conducting tests to determine the rates of emission of specific organic HAP from raw material dryers, kilns and in-line kiln/raw mills at Portland cement manufacturing facilities, solely for use in applicability determinations under § 63.1340 of this subpart are permitted to use Method 320 of appendix A to this part, or Method 18 of appendix A to part 60 of this chapter.

(a) The notification provisions of 40 CFR part 63, subpart A that apply and those that do not apply to owners and operators of affected sources subject to this subpart are listed in Table 1 of this subpart. If any State requires a notice that contains all of the information required in a notification listed in this section, the owner or operator may send the Administrator a copy of the notice sent to the State to satisfy the requirements of this section for that notification.

(b) Each owner or operator subject to the requirements of this subpart shall comply with the notification requirements in § 63.9 as follows:

(1) Initial notifications as required by § 63.9(b) through (d). For the purposes of this subpart, a Title V or 40 CFR part 70 permit application may be used in lieu of the initial notification required under § 63.9(b), provided the same information is contained in the permit application as required by § 63.9(b), and the State to which the permit application has been submitted has an approved operating permit program under part 70 of this chapter and has received delegation of authority from the EPA. Permit applications shall be submitted by the same due dates as those specified for the initial notification.

(2) Notification of performance tests, as required by §§ 63.7 and 63.9(e).

(3) Notification of opacity and visible emission observations required by § 63.1349 in accordance with §§ 63.6(h)(5) and 63.9(f).

(4) Notification, as required by § 63.9(g), of the date that the continuous emission monitor performance evaluation required by § 63.8(e) is scheduled to begin.

(5) Notification of compliance status, as required by § 63.9(h).

(a) The reporting provisions of subpart A of this part that apply and those that do not apply to owners or operators of affected sources subject to this subpart are listed in Table 1 of this subpart. If any State requires a report that contains all of the information required in a report listed in this section, the owner or operator may send the Administrator a copy of the report sent to the State to satisfy the requirements of this section for that report.

(b) The owner or operator of an affected source shall comply with the reporting requirements specified in § 63.10 of the general provisions of this part 63, subpart A as follows:

(1) As required by § 63.10(d)(2), the owner or operator shall report the results of performance tests as part of the notification of compliance status.

(2) As required by § 63.10(d)(3), the owner or operator of an affected source shall report the opacity results from tests required by § 63.1349.

(3) As required by § 63.10(d)(4), the owner or operator of an affected source who is required to submit progress reports as a condition of receiving an extension of compliance under § 63.6(i) shall submit such reports by the dates specified in the written extension of compliance.

(4) As required by § 63.10(d)(5), if actions taken by an owner or operator during a startup, shutdown, or malfunction of an affected source (including actions taken to correct a malfunction) are consistent with the procedures specified in the source's startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan specified in § 63.6(e)(3), the owner or operator shall state such information in a semiannual report. Reports shall only be required if a startup, shutdown, or malfunction occurred during the reporting period. The startup, shutdown, and malfunction report may be submitted simultaneously with the excess emissions and continuous monitoring system performance reports; and

(5) Any time an action taken by an owner or operator during a startup, shutdown, or malfunction (including actions taken to correct a malfunction) is not consistent with the procedures in the startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan, the owner or operator shall make an immediate report of the actions taken for that event within 2 working days, by telephone call or facsimile (FAX) transmission. The immediate report shall be followed by a letter, certified by the owner or operator or other responsible official, explaining the circumstances of the event, the reasons for not following the startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan, and whether any excess emissions and/or parameter monitoring exceedances are believed to have occurred.

(6) As required by § 63.10(e)(2), the owner or operator shall submit a written report of the results of the performance evaluation for the continuous monitoring system required by § 63.8(e). The owner or operator shall submit the report simultaneously with the results of the performance test.

(7) As required by § 63.10(e)(2), the owner or operator of an affected source using a continuous opacity monitoring system to determine opacity compliance during any performance test required under § 63.7 and described in § 63.6(d)(6) shall report the results of the continuous opacity monitoring system performance evaluation conducted under § 63.8(e).

(8) As required by § 63.10(e)(3), the owner or operator of an affected source equipped with a continuous emission monitor shall submit an excess emissions and continuous monitoring system performance report for any event when the continuous monitoring system data indicate the source is not in compliance with the applicable emission limitation or operating parameter limit.

(9) The owner or operator shall submit a summary report semiannually which contains the information specified in § 63.10(e)(3)(vi). In addition, the summary report shall include:

(i) All exceedences of maximum control device inlet gas temperature limits specified in § 63.1344(a) and (b);

(ii) All failures to calibrate thermocouples and other temperature sensors as required under § 63.1350(f)(7) of this subpart; and

(iii) All failures to maintain the activated carbon injection rate, and the activated carbon injection carrier gas flow rate or pressure drop, as applicable, as required under § 63.1344(c).

(iv) The results of any combustion system component inspections conducted within the reporting period as required under § 63.1350(i).

(v) All failures to comply with any provision of the operation and maintenance plan developed in accordance with § 63.1350(a).

(vi) Monthly rolling average mercury, THC, PM, and HCl (if applicable) emissions levels in the units of the applicable emissions limit for each kiln, clinker cooler, and raw material dryer.

(10) If the total continuous monitoring system downtime for any CEM or any continuous monitoring system (CMS) for the reporting period is ten percent or greater of the total operating time for the reporting period, the owner or operator shall submit an excess emissions and continuous monitoring system performance report along with the summary report.

(c) The semiannual report required by paragraph (b)(9) of this section must include the number, duration, and a brief description for each type of malfunction which occurred during the reporting period and which caused or may have caused any applicable emission limitation to be exceeded. The report must also include a description of actions taken by an owner or operator during a malfunction of an affected source to minimize emissions in accordance with § 63.1348(d), including actions taken to correct a malfunction.

(a) The owner or operator shall maintain files of all information (including all reports and notifications) required by this section recorded in a form suitable and readily available for inspection and review as required by § 63.10(b)(1). The files shall be retained for at least five years following the date of each occurrence, measurement, maintenance, corrective action, report, or record. At a minimum, the most recent two years of data shall be retained on site. The remaining three years of data may be retained off site. The files may be maintained on microfilm, on a computer, on floppy disks, on magnetic tape, or on microfiche.

(b) The owner or operator shall maintain records for each affected source as required by § 63.10(b)(2) and (b)(3) of this part; and

(1) All documentation supporting initial notifications and notifications of compliance status under § 63.9;

(2) All records of applicability determination, including supporting analyses; and

(3) If the owner or operator has been granted a waiver under § 63.8(f)(6), any information demonstrating whether a source is meeting the requirements for a waiver of recordkeeping or reporting requirements.

(c) In addition to the recordkeeping requirements in paragraph (b) of this section, the owner or operator of an affected source equipped with a continuous monitoring system shall maintain all records required by § 63.10(c).

(d) You must keep annual records of the amount of CKD which is removed from the kiln system and either disposed of as solid waste or otherwise recycled for a beneficial use outside of the kiln system.

(e) You must keep records of the daily clinker production rates and kiln feed rates.

(f) You must keep records of the occurrence and duration of each startup or shutdown.

(g)(1) You must keep records of the occurrence and duration of each malfunction of operation (i.e., process equipment) or the air pollution control and monitoring equipment.

(2) You must keep records of actions taken during periods of malfunction to minimize emissions in accordance with § 63.1348(d) including corrective actions to restore malfunctioning process and air pollution control and monitoring equipment to its normal or usual manner of operation.

If an affected facility subject to this subpart has a different emission limit or requirement for the same pollutant under another regulation in title 40 of this chapter, the owner or operator of the affected facility must comply with the most stringent emission limit or requirement and is exempt from the less stringent requirement.

(a) Subject to the limitations of paragraphs (b) through (f) of this section, an owner or operator conducting PM CEMS correlation tests (that is, correlation with manual stack methods) is exempt from:

(1) Any particulate matter and opacity standards of part 60 or part 63 of this chapter that are applicable to cement kilns and in-line kiln/raw mills.

(2) Any permit or other emissions or operating parameter or other limitation on workplace practices that are applicable to cement kilns and in-line kiln raw mills to ensure compliance with any particulate matter and opacity standards of this part or part 60 of this chapter.

(b) The owner or operator must develop a PM CEMS correlation test plan. The plan must be submitted to the Administrator for approval at least 90 days before the correlation test is scheduled to be conducted. The plan must include:

(1) The number of test conditions and the number of runs for each test condition;

(2) The target particulate matter emission level for each test condition;

(3) How the operation of the affected source will be modified to attain the desired particulate matter emission rate; and

(4) The anticipated normal particulate matter emission level.

(c) The Administrator will review and approve or disapprove the correlation test plan in accordance with § 63.7(c)(3)(i) and (iii). If the Administrator fails to approve or disapprove the correlation test plan within the time period specified in § 63.7(c)(3)(iii), the plan shall be considered approved, unless the Administrator has requested additional information.

(d) The stack sampling team must be on-site and prepared to perform correlation testing no later than 24 hours after operations are modified to attain the desired particulate matter emissions concentrations, unless the correlation test plan documents that a longer period is appropriate.

(e) The PM and opacity standards and associated operating limits and conditions will not be waived for more than 96 hours, in the aggregate, for the purposes of conducting tests to correlate PM CEMS with manual method test results, including all runs and conditions, except as described in this paragraph. Where additional time is required to correlate a PM CEMS device, a source may petition the Administrator for an extension of the 96-hour aggregate waiver of compliance with the PM and opacity standards. An extension of the 96-hour aggregate waiver is renewable at the discretion of the Administrator.

(f) The owner or operator must return the affected source to operating conditions indicative of compliance with the applicable particulate matter and opacity standards as soon as possible after correlation testing is completed.

(a) This subpart can be implemented and enforced by the U.S. EPA, or a delegated authority such as the applicable State, local, or Tribal agency. If the U.S. EPA Administrator has delegated authority to a State, local, or Tribal agency, then that agency, in addition to the U.S. EPA, has the authority to implement and enforce this subpart. Contact the applicable U.S. EPA Regional Office to find out if this subpart is delegated to a State, local, or Tribal agency.

(b) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority of this subpart to a State, local, or Tribal agency under subpart E of this part, the authorities contained in paragraph (c) of this section are retained by the Administrator of U.S. EPA and cannot be transferred to the State, local, or Tribal agency.

(c) The authorities that cannot be delegated to State, local, or Tribal agencies are as specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (4) of this section.

(1) Approval of alternatives to the requirements in §§ 63.1340, 63.1342 through 63.1348, and 63.1351.

(2) Approval of major alternatives to test methods under § 63.7(e)(2)(ii) and (f), as defined in § 63.90, and as required in this subpart.

(3) Approval of major alternatives to monitoring under § 63.8(f), as defined in § 63.90, and as required in this subpart.

(4) Approval of major alternatives to recordkeeping and reporting under § 63.10(f), as defined in § 63.90, and as required in this subpart.