Congressional Record, Volume 170 Issue 70 (Saturday, April 20, 2024)

[Congressional Record Volume 170, Number 70 (Saturday, April 20, 2024)]
[House]
[Pages H2561-H2587]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

21ST CENTURY PEACE THROUGH STRENGTH ACT

General Leave

Mr. McCAUL. Madam Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members
may have 5 legislative days to revise and extend their remarks and
include extraneous material on H.R. 8038.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the
gentleman from Texas?
There was no objection.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to House Resolution 1160 and rule
XVIII, the Chair declares the House in the Committee of the Whole House
on

[[Page H2562]]

the state of the Union for the consideration of the bill, H.R. 8038.
The Chair appoints the gentlewoman from North Carolina (Ms. Foxx) to
preside over the Committee of the Whole.

{time} 0905

In the Committee of the Whole

Accordingly, the House resolved itself into the Committee of the
Whole House on the state of the Union for the consideration of the bill
(H.R. 8038) to authorize the President to impose certain sanctions with
respect to Russia and Iran, and for other purposes, with Ms. Foxx in
the chair.
The Clerk read the title of the bill.
The CHAIR. Pursuant to the rule, the bill is considered read the
first time.
General debate shall be confined to the bill and shall not exceed 30
minutes equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking
minority member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs or their respective
designees.
The gentleman from Texas (Mr. McCaul) and the gentleman from New York
(Mr. Meeks) each will control 15 minutes.
The chair recognizes the gentleman from Texas (Mr. McCaul).
Mr. McCAUL. Madam Chair, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Madam Chair, the most serious matters that any committee deals with
are matters of war and peace. It is those votes that are the most
consequential votes of your career.
This is one of those moments. As Secretary Pompeo and General Keane
recently wrote in a letter to Congress: `` . . . we write at a pivotal
moment in our Nation's history to applaud your efforts to secure vital
support to America's allies and to strengthen America's defenses.''
They know that the world is on fire, from Putin's full-scale invasion
of Ukraine; to Chairman Xi threatening Taiwan and the Pacific; to the
Ayatollah rearing his ugly head, invading Israel through his proxies.
The eyes of the world are upon us, and history will judge us by what
we do here and now.
I thank Speaker Johnson, who has been under enormous pressure. He has
said he wants to be on the right side of history, and with this vote
today, he absolutely is. He put the interests of the Nation above
himself. He is truly a profile in courage.
President Reagan taught us that peace is achieved through strength,
and that is what this bill is about. It is about providing the
deterrence so we don't have another war as we did during my father's
generation, and that is why I titled it, ``The 21st Century Peace
Through Strength Act.''
This bill includes my REPO Act that allows the transfer of frozen
Russian sovereign assets in the United States so that Putin pays for
the war he started. This is not just morally the right thing to do, it
is also the fiscally responsible thing to do on behalf of the American
taxpayer. Let Putin pay for it.
That is why President Trump's former economic advisor, Larry Kudlow,
supports this provision.
This bill also protects Americans, especially our children, from the
malign influence of the Chinese Communist Party-controlled TikTok. This
app is a spy balloon in Americans' phones. It is a modern-day Trojan
horse of the CCP used to surveil and exploit Americans' personal
information.
This bill also includes the most comprehensive sanctions against Iran
that Congress has ever passed, including sanctions on exports of
Iranian energy. China has bought $80 billion worth of energy from Iran.
Madam Chair, that is money that Iran is using to fund terror operations
like the ones that we saw last weekend. This bill also imposes
sanctions on anyone involved in Iran's drone and missile program.
Think about this, Madam Chair: Iran makes the drones and the missiles
that are bought by Russia to kill Ukrainians. As we saw last Saturday,
Iran is also manufacturing these drones, with Russia's support, to kill
Israelis. This must be stopped.
As Reagan said: ``When it comes to keeping America strong, when it
comes to keeping America great, when it comes to keeping America at
peace, then none of us can afford to be simply a Democrat or a
Republican. We must all stand united as Americans.''

Once again today, we need to speak with one voice, as one Nation,
especially when addressing our adversaries, for Putin is watching us,
Chairman Xi is watching us, and the Ayatollah is watching us.
Now is the time to act.
Madam Chair, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. MEEKS. Madam Chair, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Madam Chair, this is indeed a historic moment. Sometimes when we are
living history, as we are today, we don't understand the significance
of the actions, of the votes that we make on this House floor, and of
the effect that it will have down the road for children yet unborn.
This is a historic moment.
Yesterday, one of the rarest things that has ever happened on this
floor took place. Generally, in this body, it takes the majority party
to pass its rule, and the minority party never votes for it. However,
this moment is so big that House Democrats said: We are not playing
politics with this. This is too important for our Nation's security.
This is too important for our allies' security. This is too important
for the free world's security.
Therefore, we did something that we have never done before. We voted
in a bipartisan way to pass the rule to get these bills on the floor.
Quite frankly, I would have loved to have done this 2, 3, 4 months ago.
However, this is a historic moment. Ukraine is now on the brink. The
humanitarian catastrophes in Gaza and Sudan and Haiti and elsewhere
require immediate aid.
Israel faced an unprecedented, direct attack from Iran less than 1
week ago, and we need to rebuild our industrial base and support a free
and open Indo-Pacific.
We stand here today, finally, doing the people's work; doing, as I
said just a few minutes ago, what we should have done months ago--
supporting our friends, supporting our allies around the world, and
quieting the doubts about whether America is a reliable partner or not;
whether the United States will continue leading on the world stage or
not. I am so proud of President Biden because he has displayed that
leadership time and time again.
Now, today, we have a number of bills that we need to pass for our
national security. On REPO, pertaining to the seizure of Russian
sovereign assets, there is no doubt that Russia should pay for its
crimes against humanity in Ukraine, as Vice President Harris has termed
it. This bill, importantly, irons out legal questions that make sure
that the United States does not act alone, but rather in coordination
with our G7 and other partners, and we have seen President Biden pull
them together immediately. Coordinating with our allies on this issue
is important, not just for our standing as a paragon of the rule of
law, but for our long-term economic interests.

{time} 0915

There is an array of Middle East sanction bills included in this
package, including several we voted on this week.
Importantly, the majority agreed to add a humanitarian exception in
three of those bills. I had been requesting that for a while.
Fortunately and thankfully, we got it in now.
I hope that, going forward, including these exceptions is a matter of
course rather than something added via last-second negotiation, but I
thank my friend, Chairman McCaul, for the good-faith negotiations on
the Middle East section of this legislation.
The Foreign Affairs Committee sanctions section is not perfect, but
it does provide important humanitarian exceptions and waivers
throughout the bill. Given the focus on the REPO bill the last few
days, I will highlight that a key authority in the bill is permissive.
I do not think that a sanction should be the opening salvo of
diplomacy. Many may have heard me talking about how I believe in
diplomacy so strongly, but sanctions are an important instrument of
economic statecraft that can, on occasion, deter bad actors, curb human
rights abuses, and promote diplomatic outcomes. I believe we lose our
moral credibility if American sanctions are seen as causing
indiscriminate deprivation, and we lose our policy flexibility if we
tie the executive branch's hands instead of giving it useful tools.
Yet, it is important that would-be invaders and dictators around the
world

[[Page H2563]]

see they will face real consequences if they undermine the
international order.
This legislation also contains several bills in the Financial
Services and Energy and Commerce lanes. Important changes were made to
these bills.
I had voted against H.R. 7521 on the floor out of concern that it
would be a broad authorization that could be misused far beyond what we
in Washington are currently debating, beyond just TikTok. However, I
think the bill took a step in the right direction with a more realistic
timeframe for a complex divestiture process.
Let me say for the record that I believe this bill is about one
company and that additional authorities provided to the executive
branch are to be interpreted narrowly.
Let me also take a moment to speak to those who oppose this
legislation and say we can't support Ukraine in its fight against
Russia's invasion because, to use their words, we are facing an
invasion here at home. That is an absurd comparison.
Vladimir Putin invaded Ukraine because he wanted to topple the
democratically elected Government of Ukraine and reconstitute the
Soviet Union. He launched his unprovoked war of aggression with a
willingness to kill millions of Ukrainians, not to mention his own
forces.
By contrast, people come to our border because of the tumult in their
home countries or in search of a better life for themselves and their
children. They do so because this is the greatest Nation, the greatest
country, in the history of this planet.
With all of our ills, with all of our faults, with all that we need
to do, we come together. There is no question that the example that we
show, by the people and the citizens of this great country, it is the
greatest Nation on this planet.
Today, once again, on this House floor, where we are right now, we
are proving that fact by overcoming, by proving that this is the
greatest country in the world, and by proving that we are the leaders
of the free world. We are doing this by overcoming our partisan
divides, by showing that we will work together and stand together,
Democrats and Republicans, for the right thing and for our country.
We are passing a historic bill, a bill that our children and
grandchildren will be reading and looking at in the years to come. It
promotes not just U.S. national security but the security of democracy
over authoritarianism, law over lawlessness, and prosperity over chaos
or famine.
Madam Chair, the camera of history is rolling, and when they play it
back, they will see we stood together. When they play it back, they
will see that we stood for freedom, justice, and equality.
Madam Chair, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. McCAUL. Madam Chair, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from
Arkansas (Mr. Hill), a member of the Foreign Affairs Committee.
Mr. HILL. Madam Chair, once again, dear friends, into the breach. We
stand in the breach again for freedom. We stand in this historic
Chamber with Washington on one side and Lafayette on the other.
In 2 years, we will celebrate the 250th anniversary of this country,
this freedom, this democracy, which would not have happened without
money from the Netherlands, money from France, guns from France, a navy
from France. Allies stood at the side of the birth of this Nation.
The birth of freedom was born here, so today, we come to this House
floor to see that freedom is fought for here in this House.
Last week, Prime Minister Kishida of Japan stood on this floor and
called this Nation the indispensable Nation--not to do it alone, not to
stand in the breach alone, but to lead. Today, the United States will
once again step up and lead.
Today, we will send the world the message: We stand with those who
stand for freedom, and we hold to account those who are against
freedom.
This bill supports our allies. This bill condemns our rivals and our
enemies.
Madam Chair, I urge my colleagues to vote for this bill.
Madam Chair,
America 250--in two years, this House will celebrate the 250th
birthday of our Declaration of Independence.
As Americans, we are all versed in our Founding, our struggles in the
American revolution. We recall the lack of food and pay for our troops,
the misery of winter at Valley Forge.
What we must remember is that we did not win our independence alone.
From 1775 through 1781, the United States would not have seen victory
at Yorktown ending the American Revolution were it not for allied
nations making a bet on the grit and tenacity of Colonial Americans
taking on the world's largest army and navy. France, the bankers in
Amsterdam, and the Spanish opposed Britian backed Washington's
struggling ragtime army.
80 percent of the muskets and uniforms worn by the Continental Army
were supplied by France. French and Dutch loans, Spanish gunpowder, and
the French Navy were all critical.
Without the help of these other nations, we would not have had the
resources to win the Revolutionary War and become an independent
Nation.
As Americans, we understand the sense of partnership that it takes
when you are fighting for freedom.
In February, for the second time in six months I traveled to Ukraine
to speak with President Zelenskyy and other U.S. officials in country
on a bipartisan CODEL led by House Intelligence Committee Chairman Mike
Turner to deliver our message directly to Ukraine on behalf of the
American people.
Along with dozens of allied Nations, the United States should
continue to back the freedom fighting, freedom loving Ukrainians to
ensure that Vladamir Putin knows that he's not going to stay in
Ukraine.
Let me be clear--he will be denied that opportunity.
In polling, the American people make clear that they do not want
Putin to be victorious in Ukraine.
It's bad for Europe, the sovereignty of Ukraine, and for the world.
The innocent people of Ukraine have been under unprovoked attack for
over two years, their lives upended by the vengeance of a megalomaniac
illegally invading and attempting to overthrow a sovereign neighbor.
This war commenced in 2014 in the Donbas and Crimea and exploded into
a full invasion on February 24, 2022.
American military aid to Ukraine is running out and Ukrainians
battling on the frontlines to defend their homeland are running out of
ammunition and other crucial military supplies.
They are losing the ability to defend themselves and win this war
that they have so valiantly fought for 24 months--and politically and
emotionally for a painful decade.
To my colleagues in Congress, it is essential that we pass further
aid to Ukraine.
Time is running out.
And when the war ends, and we hope Ukraine hails victory, Putin must
bear the responsibility for the death and destruction he has caused in
their sovereign Nation.
He must bear responsibility of paying for Ukraine's reconstruction.
In the 21st Century Peace Through Strength Act, House Foreign Affairs
Committee Chairman Mike McCaul and I have collaborated to add the
Rebuilding Economic Prosperity and Opportunity for Ukrainians (REPO)
Act to seize Russian sovereign assets for the sole purpose of Ukraine's
eventual reconstruction.
Similar legislation has successfully been passed by the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee.
Considering most Russian sovereign assets are located outside of the
United States, it is critical that our allies around the world draft
and pass companion legislation.
In January, European Union (EU) members unaiminously agreed to set
aside frozen Russian central bank assets in Europe, taking the first
step to benefit Ukraine and its reconstruction from Russia's
destruction.
This is a strong signal from our European allies that we are one step
closer to seeing crucial draft legislation.
Although the EU has taken a step in the right direction, their action
needs to go further. Their eventual proposed draft legislation needs to
encompass all Russian assets, not just liquid central bank accounts.
In the meantime, the United States and our allies need to continue to
press Putin with further sanctions to deter his aggression.
We also need to ensure Ukraine remains an open economy.
Despite the damages caused by the war, over the past two years,
Ukraine's economy is hanging in there.
Ukraine's battlefield victories in 2023, including pushing the
Russian Navy off the Ukrainian coast of the Black Sea, reopening it to
Ukrainian exports of grain, iron, and fertilizer.
Although Russia's invasion drove Ukraine's GDP down in 2022, their
economy is reported to have grown by roughly 3 to 4 percent in 2023.
More economic recovery and more exports mean Ukraine is generating
reprieve to support itself.

[[Page H2564]]

Given the nation's current state in the face of devastation and in
the wake of Putin's madness, this is remarkable.
As Ukraine is one of the world's largest grain producers, it's key
that they continue to maintain an open, thriving economy.
In sum, it's simple: we need to continue to support Ukraine with
financial, military, and humanitarian assistance; hold Putin
responsible for paying for the damages he has caused in this sovereign
nation; and discourage him with further and more aggressive sanctions,
including on all nations that fuel his terror.
For if Russia wins, it opens the door for other foreign adversaries
like China to follow in their pursuit of taking over Taiwan,
jumpstarting a global war.
If Russia wins, it threatens the 75 years of peace and prosperity in
Europe, and risks dragging the United States into a war like we have
never seen.
Ukraine will stop Russia dead in their tracks--if we see their
struggle for freedom in the same way we fought for ours nearly 250
years ago.
Failure in Ukraine is not an option.
Mr. MEEKS. Madam Chair, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Virginia (Mr. Connolly), a member of the House Foreign Affairs
Committee.
Mr. CONNOLLY. Madam Chair, I thank my friend and Mr. McCaul for their
leadership.
Madam Chair, today, with the vote on Ukraine security aid, we
rededicate ourselves to who we are. We meet today under the white dome
above us, a universal symbol of freedom and freedom-loving people
everywhere.
Today, we cannot disappoint those who seek what we have, freedom--the
freedom to self-determine, the freedom to decide their sovereignty,
their alliances, and their form of government.
America has always stood for that. Will we retreat from that today?
Do we understand the choices in front of us? They are clear. Some say
that we have to deal with our border first. The Ukrainian-Russian
border is our border. It is the border between depraved autocracy and
freedom-loving people seeking our democratic way of life.
Do we have a stake in that outcome? Yes. Undeniably, yes.
Will we rise to the occasion? Will we stand shoulder to shoulder with
our Ukrainian brothers and sisters who, for 1,151 days, have been
holding off the depraved, thuggish dictator of Vladimir Putin, who has
respected no norms of warfare? He has targeted children, hospitals, and
schools. He has bombed apartment blocks, killing thousands. He has an
advantage right now, because of our dithering, of 10-1 in terms of
artillery shells, yet our brave Ukrainian brothers and sisters continue
to fight.
We must meet this test today. We must stand with Ukraine.
``Slava Ukraini.'' ``Glory to Ukraine.''
Mr. McCAUL. Madam Chair, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from New
Jersey (Mr. Kean), the chairman of the Europe Subcommittee.
Mr. KEAN of New Jersey. Madam Chair, I thank my good friend, the
chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee, for yielding me time and for
his steadfast leadership.
Madam Chair, I rise today in support of H.R. 8038, the 21st Century
Peace through Strength Act.
As someone who grew up during the Cold War, I recall when President
Reagan quoted and displayed the philosophy of ``peace through
strength.''
Europe is facing the largest war on the Continent since World War II.
The Middle East is volatile, and every day, the CCP prepares itself for
its ultimate goal of invading Taiwan. In the fields of Ukraine, every
day in which aid is delayed means more territory for Putin, and it
further emboldens Xi and the Ayatollah in Iran.
This is not the time for the United States to back down. In order to
preserve peace in the world, we must seize the moment and project
strength.
Madam Chair, I urge passage of this bill and the entire foreign aid
package.
Mr. MEEKS. Madam Chair, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Texas
(Mr. Castro), the ranking member of the Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on
the Western Hemisphere.
Mr. CASTRO of Texas. Madam Chair, I rise in opposition to H.R. 8038
and today's vote to fund Benjamin Netanyahu's war in Gaza.
All of us have seen the tragedy of Gaza. We have seen how Prime
Minister Netanyahu's government has used American weapons to kill
indiscriminately and to force famine, with over 25,000 women and
children dead and tens of thousands of missiles and bombs levied on
innocent civilians.
We cannot escape what we see before us every day. That is the
blessing of today's technology--TikTok, Instagram, Facebook, all of it.
When we see it, we have to decide what we are going to do about it. Are
we going to participate in that carnage or not? I choose not to.
Prime Minister Netanyahu has been reckless. His actions have not led
to the release of the remaining hostages. He has ignored the pleas of
the families of hostages. He has ignored the pleas of the President of
the United States. He has ignored his own people. He has engaged in
self-preservation.
We should not be sending offensive weapons to Israel right now, and I
hope that this body will not.
Mr. McCAUL. Madam Chair, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from New
York (Mr. Lawler), a member of the Foreign Affairs Committee.
Mr. LAWLER. Madam Chair, I rise in support of the 21st Century Peace
through Strength Act.
This bill reverses the Biden administration's relaxed stance toward
Iran and China and starts to hold these bad actors accountable.
Two of my bills, the SHIP Act and the Iran-China Energy Sanctions
Act, are included in this package. Both of these bills target the
illicit oil trade between Iran and China.
One of my bills imposes sanctions on foreign ports and refineries
that process Iranian oil, many of which are located in China.
My other bill imposes sanctions on Chinese financial institutions
that process transactions involving Iranian oil as well as anyone
involved in Iran's missile and drone program.
Iran is exporting millions of barrels of petroleum every day. Eighty
percent of these exports go to China. Iran has taken in over $88
billion from their illicit oil trade since President Biden took office,
and they must not earn a cent more.
To be clear, these illicit funds are used to fund Iran's regime of
terror, including backing Hamas, Hezbollah, the Houthis, and other
terrorist groups, as well as their direct assault on Israel last
weekend.
The CHAIR. The time of the gentleman has expired.
Mr. McCAUL. Madam Chair, I yield an additional 15 seconds to the
gentleman from New York.
Mr. LAWLER. Madam Chair, now is the time for America to lead, to
support our allies, to combat our adversaries, and to continue our role
as leader of the free world.

{time} 0930

Mr. MEEKS. Madam Chair, may I inquire how much time I have remaining.
The CHAIR. The gentleman from New York has 1\1/2\ minutes remaining.
Mr. MEEKS. Madam Chair, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from New
Jersey (Mr. Pallone).
Mr. PALLONE. Madam Chair, I rise in strong support of H.R. 8038.
National security experts are sounding the alarm, warning that our
foreign adversaries are using every tool at their disposal, including
apps like TikTok, to amass troves of sensitive data on all Americans.
This bill takes decisive action to mitigate our foreign adversaries'
ability to collect Americans' data and use it against us.
First, it creates a framework intended to force divestment of TikTok
from its Chinese Communist Party-controlled parent company, ByteDance.
Second, this bill includes my bipartisan Protecting Americans' Data
from Foreign Adversaries Act. This bill prohibits data brokers from
selling Americans' sensitive personal information to China, Russia,
North Korea, and Iran, as well as to entities controlled by those
countries.
I thank my partner in this effort, Chair Rodgers, for her tireless
work to advance these important provisions, and I strongly urge my
colleagues to support this legislation.
Mr. McCAUL. Madam Chair, I have no further speakers, and I reserve
the balance of my time.
Mr. MEEKS. Madam Chair, I yield the remainder of my time to the
gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Krishnamoorthi), the ranking member

[[Page H2565]]

on the Select Committee on the Strategic Competition Between the United
States and the Chinese Communist Party.
Mr. KRISHNAMOORTHI. Madam Chair, I rise in support of this bill, and
specifically on the TikTok divestment bill. I want to say a special
thank you to Greg Meeks, Mike McCaul, Mike Gallagher, Frank
Pallone, Cathy McMorris Rodgers, and Chair Cantwell in the Senate for
working on this bill.
First of all, this bill is not a ban; it is about a divestment. It is
not really about TikTok; it is about ByteDance, the company that owns
TikTok and is indisputably controlled by the Chinese Communist Party.
The CCP's secretary of the cell embedded in the company is the editor
and chief of ByteDance. That is why we are so concerned about this
particular app.
Since the bill passed with 352 votes previously, we increased the
divestment period, which is the least restrictive way to deal with the
CCP threat, from 6 months to upwards of a year.
Madam Chair, I strongly urge support of this bill.
Mr. MEEKS. Madam Chair, I yield back the balance of my time.
Mr. McCAUL. Madam Chair, in the late 1930s, Winston Churchill
described what he saw as the gathering storm, the forces of Hitler and
the axis of evil threatening freedom and democracy.
I recall when Mr. Meeks and I were on the border between Poland and
Ukraine watching thousands of mothers and their children fleeing their
own country in fear after the invasion. The Poles told us: This is just
like 1939 when Hitler invaded Poland.
Today, we are at a similar inflection point in history. The fall of
Afghanistan sent a powerfully dangerous message to our adversaries that
America was weak. Almost immediately after, the Russian Federation
began moving toward Ukraine.
Once Chairman Xi met with Putin at the Olympics and cemented their
unholy alliance, they invaded. Chairman Xi has become more aggressive
in the Pacific; and mark my words, Xi is watching what happens in
Ukraine to determine whether he invades Taiwan in the Pacific.
Then the Ayatollah raised his ugly head in the Middle East. Last
Saturday, the world watched as Iran for the first time in history
invaded Israel, sending 300 missiles and drones to kill innocent
Israelis.
These dictators, including North Korea, are all tied together. They
are all tied together. We cannot separate them. We don't pick and
choose our enemies; they choose us.
My father served as a bombardier in World War II. He was part of the
Greatest Generation. I recently took my son to the air base in England
where my father was stationed. While there, we visited the church where
my father prayed, not knowing if he would live or die.
I took my son to the national cemetery for the U.S. airmen who never
made it home, and I pointed to the 4,000 crosses and said: Son, those
are the ones who did not make it home. In the chapel there is inscribed
on the ceiling:

In honor of the airmen who on their last flight met the
face of God.

Met the face of God.
It was a moving experience, father and son, teaching my son, like my
father taught me, about the importance of patriotism and the cost of
freedom. It was also a reminder of the dangers that we face today, for
today like then, it could have been prevented. Deterrence is the key.
As Churchill wrote in his book, ``The Gathering Storm:''
``One day, President Roosevelt told me that he was asking publicly
for suggestions about what the war should be called. I said at once,
`The Unnecessary War.' ''
Think about that, the unnecessary war. He said: ``There never was a
war more easy to stop than that which has just wrecked what was left of
the world from the previous struggle.''
I often think about the blood and treasure that could have been saved
from my father's generation had we simply stopped Hitler earlier. Now
we are faced with a similar opportunity.
As Ronald Reagan told us: ``We know only too well that war comes not
when the forces of freedom are strong, but when they are weak.''
He was right. Our adversaries are working together to undermine our
Western values and demean our democracy. We cannot be afraid at this
moment in time. We cannot be afraid of our shadows. We must be strong.
We have to do what is right. Evil is on the march.
History is calling, and now is the time to act, for the world is
watching. Our adversaries are watching us here today, and history will
judge us all by our actions here today and now.
As we deliberate on this vote, you have to ask yourself the question:
Am I Chamberlain or am I Churchill?
Madam Chair, I yield back the balance of my time.
The CHAIR. All time for general debate has expired.
Pursuant to the rule, the bill shall be considered for amendment
under the 5-minute rule.
The amendment printed in Part D of House Report 118-466 shall be
considered as adopted. The bill, as amended, shall be considered as
read.
The text of the bill is as follows:

H.R. 8038

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of
the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ``21st Century Peace through
Strength Act''.

SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Table of contents.
Sec. 3. References.

DIVISION A--FEND OFF FENTANYL ACT

Sec. 3001. Short titles.
Sec. 3002. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 3003. Definitions.

TITLE I--SANCTIONS MATTERS

Subtitle A--Sanctions in Response to National Emergency Relating to
Fentanyl Trafficking

Sec. 3101. Finding; policy.
Sec. 3102. Use of national emergency authorities; reporting.
Sec. 3103. Imposition of sanctions with respect to fentanyl trafficking
by transnational criminal organizations.
Sec. 3104. Penalties; waivers; exceptions.
Sec. 3105. Treatment of forfeited property of transnational criminal
organizations.

Subtitle B--Other Matters

Sec. 3111. Ten-year statute of limitations for violations of sanctions.
Sec. 3112. Classified report and briefing on staffing of office of
foreign assets control.
Sec. 3113. Report on drug transportation routes and use of vessels with
mislabeled cargo.
Sec. 3114. Report on actions of People's Republic of China with respect
to persons involved in fentanyl supply chain.

TITLE II--ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING MATTERS

Sec. 3201. Designation of illicit fentanyl transactions of sanctioned
persons as of primary money laundering concern.
Sec. 3202. Treatment of transnational criminal organizations in
suspicious transactions reports of the financial crimes
enforcement network.
Sec. 3203. Report on trade-based money laundering in trade with Mexico,
the People's Republic of China, and Burma.

TITLE III--EXCEPTION RELATING TO IMPORTATION OF GOODS

Sec. 3301. Exception relating to importation of goods.

DIVISION B--REBUILDING ECONOMIC PROSPERITY AND OPPORTUNITY FOR
UKRAINIANS ACT

TITLE I--REBUILDING ECONOMIC PROSPERITY AND OPPORTUNITY FOR UKRAINIANS
ACT

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definitions.

TITLE II--REPURPOSING OF RUSSIAN SOVEREIGN ASSETS

Sec. 101. Findings; sense of Congress.
Sec. 102. Sense of Congress regarding importance of the Russian
Federation providing compensation to Ukraine.
Sec. 103. Prohibition on release of blocked Russian sovereign assets.
Sec. 104. Authority to ensure compensation to Ukraine using seized
Russian sovereign assets and Russian aggressor state
sovereign assets.
Sec. 105. International mechanism to use Russian sovereign assets and
Russian aggressor state sovereign assets to provide for
the reconstruction of Ukraine.
Sec. 106. Report on use of transferred Russian sovereign assets for
reconstruction.
Sec. 107. Assessment by Secretary of State and Administrator of USAID
on reconstruction and rebuilding needs of Ukraine.
Sec. 108. Extensions.

[[Page H2566]]

DIVISION C--OTHER MATTERS

Sec. 1. Report and imposition of sanctions to harmonize with allied
sanctions.

DIVISION D--PROTECTING AMERICANS FROM FOREIGN ADVERSARY CONTROLLED
APPLICATIONS ACT

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Prohibition of foreign adversary controlled applications.
Sec. 3. Judicial review.

DIVISION E--PROTECTING AMERICANS' DATA FROM FOREIGN ADVERSARIES ACT OF
2024

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Prohibition on transfer of personally identifiable sensitive
data of United States individuals to foreign adversaries.

DIVISION F--SHIP ACT

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Statement of policy.
Sec. 3. Imposition of sanctions with respect to Iranian petroleum.
Sec. 4. Report on Iranian petroleum and petroleum products exports.
Sec. 5. Strategy to counter role of the People's Republic of China in
evasion of sanctions with respect to Iran.
Sec. 6. Definitions.

DIVISION G--FIGHT CRIME ACT

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Findings.
Sec. 3. Statement of policy.
Sec. 4. Report.
Sec. 5. Sanctions to combat the proliferation of Iranian missiles.
Sec. 6. Report to identify, and designation as foreign terrorist
organizations of, Iranian persons that have attacked
united states citizens using unmanned combat aerial
vehicles.
Sec. 7. Definitions.

DIVISION H--MAHSA ACT

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Imposition of sanctions on Iran's supreme leader's office, its
appointees, and any affiliated persons.
Sec. 3. Severability.

DIVISION I--HAMAS AND OTHER PALESTINIAN TERRORIST GROUPS INTERNATIONAL
FINANCING PREVENTION ACT

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Statement of policy.
Sec. 3. Imposition of sanctions with respect to foreign persons
supporting acts of terrorism or engaging in significant
transactions with senior members of Hamas, Palestinian
Islamic jihad and other Palestinian terrorist
organizations.
Sec. 4. Imposition of measures with respect to foreign states providing
support to Hamas, Palestinian Islamic jihad and other
Palestinian terrorist organizations.
Sec. 5. Reports on activities to disrupt global fundraising, financing,
and money laundering activities of Hamas, Palestinian
Islamic jihad, al-aqsa martyrs brigade, the lion's den or
any affiliate or successor thereof.
Sec. 6. Termination.
Sec. 7. Definitions.

DIVISION J--NO TECHNOLOGY FOR TERROR ACT

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Application of foreign-direct product rules to Iran.

DIVISION K--STRENGTHENING TOOLS TO COUNTER THE USE OF HUMAN SHIELDS ACT

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Statement of policy.
Sec. 3. Modification and extension of Sanctioning the Use of Civilians
as Defenseless Shields Act.
Sec. 4. Report on countering the use of human shields.
Sec. 5. Confronting asymmetric and malicious cyber activities.
Sec. 6. Sanctions with respect to threats to current or former united
states officials.

DIVISION L--ILLICIT CAPTAGON TRAFFICKING SUPPRESSION ACT

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Findings.
Sec. 3. Statement of policy.
Sec. 4. Imposition of sanctions with respect to illicit captagon
trafficking.
Sec. 5. Determinations with respect to the government of Syria,
hizballah, and networks affiliated with the government of
Syria or hizballah.
Sec. 6. Definitions.

DIVISION M--END FINANCING FOR HAMAS AND STATE SPONSORS OF TERRORISM ACT

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Report on financing for Hamas.
Sec. 3. Multilateral Strategy to Disrupt Hamas Financing.

DIVISION N--HOLDING IRANIAN LEADERS ACCOUNTABLE ACT

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Findings.
Sec. 3. Report on financial institutions and assets connected to
certain Iranian officials.
Sec. 4. Restrictions on certain financial institutions.
Sec. 5. Exceptions for national security; implementation authority.
Sec. 6. Sunset.
Sec. 7. Definitions.

DIVISION O--IRAN-CHINA ENERGY SANCTIONS ACT OF 2023

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Sanctions on foreign financial institutions with respect to the
purchase of petroleum products and unmanned aerial
vehicles from Iran.

DIVISION P--BUDGETARY EFFECTS

Sec. 1. Budgetary effects.

SEC. 3. REFERENCES.

Except as expressly provided otherwise, any reference to
``this Act'' contained in any division of this Act shall be
treated as referring only to the provisions of that division.

DIVISION A--FEND OFF FENTANYL ACT

SEC. 3001. SHORT TITLES.

This division may be cited as the ``Fentanyl Eradication
and Narcotics Deterrence Off Fentanyl'' or the ``FEND Off
Fentanyl Act''.

SEC. 3002. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

It is the sense of Congress that--
(1) the proliferation of fentanyl is causing an
unprecedented surge in overdose deaths in the United States,
fracturing families and communities, and necessitating a
comprehensive policy response to combat its lethal flow and
to mitigate the drug's devastating consequences;
(2) the trafficking of fentanyl into the United States is a
national security threat that has killed hundreds of
thousands of United States citizens;
(3) transnational criminal organizations, including cartels
primarily based in Mexico, are the main purveyors of fentanyl
into the United States and must be held accountable;
(4) precursor chemicals sourced from the People's Republic
of China are--
(A) shipped from the People's Republic of China by
legitimate and illegitimate means;
(B) transformed through various synthetic processes to
produce different forms of fentanyl; and
(C) crucial to the production of illicit fentanyl by
transnational criminal organizations, contributing to the
ongoing opioid crisis;
(5) the United States Government must remain vigilant to
address all new forms of fentanyl precursors and drugs used
in combination with fentanyl, such as Xylazine, which
attribute to overdose deaths of people in the United States;
(6) to increase the cost of fentanyl trafficking, the
United States Government should work collaboratively across
agencies and should surge analytic capability to impose
sanctions and other remedies with respect to transnational
criminal organizations (including cartels), including foreign
nationals who facilitate the trade in illicit fentanyl and
its precursors from the People's Republic of China; and
(7) the Department of the Treasury should focus on fentanyl
trafficking and its facilitators as one of the top national
security priorities for the Department.

SEC. 3003. DEFINITIONS.

In this division:
(1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term
``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
(A) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of
the Senate;
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
(C) the Committee on Financial Services of the House of
Representatives; and
(D) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of
Representatives.
(2) Foreign person.--The term ``foreign person''--
(A) means--
(i) any citizen or national of a foreign country; or
(ii) any entity not organized under the laws of the United
States or a jurisdiction within the United States; and
(B) does not include the government of a foreign country.
(3) Knowingly.--The term ``knowingly'', with respect to
conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has
actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the
circumstance, or the result.
(4) Trafficking.--The term ``trafficking'', with respect to
fentanyl, fentanyl precursors, or other related opioids, has
the meaning given the term ``opioid trafficking'' in section
7203(8) of the Fentanyl Sanctions Act (21 U.S.C. 2302(8)).
(5) Transnational criminal organization.--The term
``transnational criminal organization'' includes--
(A) any organization designated as a significant
transnational criminal organization under part 590 of title
31, Code of Federal Regulations;
(B) any of the organizations known as--
(i) the Sinaloa Cartel;
(ii) the Jalisco New Generation Cartel;
(iii) the Gulf Cartel;
(iv) the Los Zetas Cartel;
(v) the Juarez Cartel;
(vi) the Tijuana Cartel;
(vii) the Beltran-Leyva Cartel; or
(viii) La Familia Michoacana; or
(C) any successor organization to an organization described
in subparagraph (B) or as otherwise determined by the
President.
(6) United states person.--The term ``United States
person'' means--

[[Page H2567]]

(A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted
for permanent residence to the United States;
(B) an entity organized under the laws of the United States
or of any jurisdiction within the United States, including a
foreign branch of such an entity; or
(C) any person in the United States.

TITLE I--SANCTIONS MATTERS

Subtitle A--Sanctions in Response to National Emergency Relating to
Fentanyl Trafficking

SEC. 3101. FINDING; POLICY.

(a) Finding.--Congress finds that international trafficking
of fentanyl, fentanyl precursors, or other related opioids
constitutes an unusual and extraordinary threat to the
national security, foreign policy, and economy of the United
States, and is a national emergency.
(b) Policy.--It shall be the policy of the United States to
apply economic and other financial sanctions to those who
engage in the international trafficking of fentanyl, fentanyl
precursors, or other related opioids to protect the national
security, foreign policy, and economy of the United States.

SEC. 3102. USE OF NATIONAL EMERGENCY AUTHORITIES; REPORTING.

(a) In General.--The President may exercise all authorities
provided under sections 203 and 205 of the International
Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to
carry out this subtitle.
(b) Report Required.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the
President shall submit to the appropriate congressional
committees a report on actions taken by the executive branch
pursuant to this subtitle and any national emergency declared
with respect to the trafficking of fentanyl and trade in
other illicit drugs, including--
(A) the issuance of any new or revised regulations,
policies, or guidance;
(B) the imposition of sanctions;
(C) the collection of relevant information from outside
parties;
(D) the issuance or closure of general licenses, specific
licenses, and statements of licensing policy by the Office of
Foreign Assets Control;
(E) a description of any pending enforcement cases; and
(F) the implementation of mitigation procedures.
(2) Form of report.--Each report required under paragraph
(1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include
the matters required under subparagraphs (C), (D), (E), and
(F) of such paragraph in a classified annex.

SEC. 3103. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FENTANYL
TRAFFICKING BY TRANSNATIONAL CRIMINAL
ORGANIZATIONS.

(a) In General.--The President shall impose the sanctions
described in subsection (b) with respect to any foreign
person the President determines--
(1) is knowingly involved in the significant trafficking of
fentanyl, fentanyl precursors, or other related opioids,
including such trafficking by a transnational criminal
organization; or
(2) otherwise is knowingly involved in significant
activities of a transnational criminal organization relating
to the trafficking of fentanyl, fentanyl precursors, or other
related opioids.
(b) Sanctions Described.--The President, pursuant to the
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701
et seq.), may block and prohibit all transactions in property
and interests in property of a foreign person described in
subsection (a) if such property and interests in property are
in the United States, come within the United States, or are
or come within the possession or control of a United States
person.
(c) Report Required.--Not later than 180 days after the
date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter,
the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional
committees a report on actions taken by the executive branch
with respect to the foreign persons identified under
subsection (a).

SEC. 3104. PENALTIES; WAIVERS; EXCEPTIONS.

(a) Penalties.--Any person that violates, attempts to
violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of this
subtitle or any regulation, license, or order issued to carry
out this subtitle shall be subject to the penalties set forth
in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705)
to the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful act
described in subsection (a) of that section.
(b) National Security Waiver.--The President may waive the
application of sanctions under this subtitle with respect to
a foreign person if the President determines that such waiver
is in the national security interest of the United States.
(c) Exceptions.--
(1) Exception for intelligence activities.--This subtitle
shall not apply with respect to activities subject to the
reporting requirements under title V of the National Security
Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.) or any authorized
intelligence activities of the United States.
(2) Exception for compliance with international obligations
and law enforcement activities.--Sanctions under this
subtitle shall not apply with respect to an alien if
admitting or paroling the alien into the United States is
necessary--
(A) to permit the United States to comply with the
Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations,
signed at Lake Success on June 26, 1947, and entered into
force November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the
United States, or other applicable international obligations
of the United States; or
(B) to carry out or assist law enforcement activity of the
United States.
(3) Humanitarian exemption.--The President may not impose
sanctions under this subtitle with respect to any person for
conducting or facilitating a transaction for the sale of
agricultural commodities, food, medicine, or medical devices
or for the provision of humanitarian assistance.

SEC. 3105. TREATMENT OF FORFEITED PROPERTY OF TRANSNATIONAL
CRIMINAL ORGANIZATIONS.

(a) Transfer of Forfeited Property to Forfeiture Funds.--
(1) In general.--Any covered forfeited property shall be
deposited into the Department of the Treasury Forfeiture Fund
established under section 9705 of title 31, United States
Code, or the Department of Justice Assets Forfeiture Fund
established under section 524(c) of title 28, United States
Code.
(2) Report required.--Not later than 180 days after the
date of the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days
thereafter, the President shall submit to the appropriate
congressional committees a report on any deposits made under
paragraph (1) during the 180-day period preceding submission
of the report.
(3) Covered forfeited property defined.--In this
subsection, the term ``covered forfeited property'' means
property--
(A) forfeited to the United States under chapter 46 or
section 1963 of title 18, United States Code; and
(B) that belonged to or was possessed by an individual
affiliated with or connected to a transnational criminal
organization subject to sanctions under--
(i) this subtitle;
(ii) the Fentanyl Sanctions Act (21 U.S.C. 2301 et seq.);
or
(iii) Executive Order 14059 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; relating
to imposing sanctions on foreign persons involved in the
global illicit drug trade).
(b) Blocked Assets Under Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of
2002.--Nothing in this subtitle may be construed to affect
the treatment of blocked assets of a terrorist party
described in section 201(a) of the Terrorism Risk Insurance
Act of 2002 (28 U.S.C. 1610 note).

Subtitle B--Other Matters

SEC. 3111. TEN-YEAR STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS FOR VIOLATIONS OF
SANCTIONS.

(a) International Emergency Economic Powers Act.--Section
206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50
U.S.C. 1705) is amended by adding at the end the following:
``(d) Statute of Limitations.--
``(1) Time for commencing proceedings.--
``(A) In general.--An action, suit, or proceeding for the
enforcement of any civil fine, penalty, or forfeiture,
pecuniary or otherwise, under this section shall not be
entertained unless commenced within 10 years after the latest
date of the violation upon which the civil fine, penalty, or
forfeiture is based.
``(B) Commencement.--For purposes of this paragraph, the
commencement of an action, suit, or proceeding includes the
issuance of a pre-penalty notice or finding of violation.
``(2) Time for indictment.--No person shall be prosecuted,
tried, or punished for any offense under subsection (c)
unless the indictment is found or the information is
instituted within 10 years after the latest date of the
violation upon which the indictment or information is
based.''.
(b) Trading With the Enemy Act.--Section 16 of the Trading
with the Enemy Act (50 U.S.C. 4315) is amended by adding at
the end the following:
``(d) Statute of Limitations.--
``(1) Time for commencing proceedings.--
``(A) In general.--An action, suit, or proceeding for the
enforcement of any civil fine, penalty, or forfeiture,
pecuniary or otherwise, under this section shall not be
entertained unless commenced within 10 years after the latest
date of the violation upon which the civil fine, penalty, or
forfeiture is based.
``(B) Commencement.--For purposes of this paragraph, the
commencement of an action, suit, or proceeding includes the
issuance of a pre-penalty notice or finding of violation.
``(2) Time for indictment.--No person shall be prosecuted,
tried, or punished for any offense under subsection (a)
unless the indictment is found or the information is
instituted within 10 years after the latest date of the
violation upon which the indictment or information is
based.''.

SEC. 3112. CLASSIFIED REPORT AND BRIEFING ON STAFFING OF
OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL.

Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of
this Act, the Director of the Office of Foreign Assets
Control shall provide to the appropriate congressional
committees a classified report and briefing on the staffing
of the Office of Foreign Assets Control, disaggregated by
staffing dedicated to each sanctions program and each country
or issue.

SEC. 3113. REPORT ON DRUG TRANSPORTATION ROUTES AND USE OF
VESSELS WITH MISLABELED CARGO.

Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of
this Act, the Secretary of

[[Page H2568]]

the Treasury, in conjunction with the heads of other relevant
Federal agencies, shall provide to the appropriate
congressional committees a classified report and briefing on
efforts to target drug transportation routes and modalities,
including an assessment of the prevalence of false cargo
labeling and shipment of precursor chemicals without accurate
tracking of the customers purchasing the chemicals.

SEC. 3114. REPORT ON ACTIONS OF PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
WITH RESPECT TO PERSONS INVOLVED IN FENTANYL
SUPPLY CHAIN.

Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of
this Act, the Secretary of the Treasury, in conjunction with
the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, shall provide
to the appropriate congressional committees a classified
report and briefing on actions taken by the Government of the
People's Republic of China with respect to persons involved
in the shipment of fentanyl, fentanyl analogues, fentanyl
precursors, precursors for fentanyl analogues, and equipment
for the manufacturing of fentanyl and fentanyl-laced
counterfeit pills.

TITLE II--ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING MATTERS

SEC. 3201. DESIGNATION OF ILLICIT FENTANYL TRANSACTIONS OF
SANCTIONED PERSONS AS OF PRIMARY MONEY
LAUNDERING CONCERN.

(a) In General.--Subtitle A of the Fentanyl Sanctions Act
(21 U.S.C. 2311 et seq.) is amended by inserting after
section 7213 the following:

``SEC. 7213A. DESIGNATION OF TRANSACTIONS OF SANCTIONED
PERSONS AS OF PRIMARY MONEY LAUNDERING CONCERN.

``(a) In General.--If the Secretary of the Treasury
determines that reasonable grounds exist for concluding that
1 or more financial institutions operating outside of the
United States, 1 or more classes of transactions within, or
involving, a jurisdiction outside of the United States, or 1
or more types of accounts within, or involving, a
jurisdiction outside of the United States, is of primary
money laundering concern in connection with illicit opioid
trafficking, the Secretary of the Treasury may, by order,
regulation, or otherwise as permitted by law--
``(1) require domestic financial institutions and domestic
financial agencies to take 1 or more of the special measures
provided for in section 9714(a)(1) of the National Defense
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283;
31 U.S.C. 5318A note); or
``(2) prohibit, or impose conditions upon, certain
transmittals of funds (to be defined by the Secretary) by any
domestic financial institution or domestic financial agency,
if such transmittal of funds involves any such institution,
class of transaction, or type of accounts.
``(b) Classified Information.--In any judicial review of a
finding of the existence of a primary money laundering
concern, or of the requirement for 1 or more special measures
with respect to a primary money laundering concern made under
this section, if the designation or imposition, or both, were
based on classified information (as defined in section 1(a)
of the Classified Information Procedures Act (18 U.S.C.
App.)), such information may be submitted by the Secretary to
the reviewing court ex parte and in camera. This subsection
does not confer or imply any right to judicial review of any
finding made or any requirement imposed under this section.
``(c) Availability of Information.--The exemptions from,
and prohibitions on, search and disclosure referred to in
section 9714(c) of the National Defense Authorization Act for
Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283; 31 U.S.C. 5318A note)
shall apply to any report or record of report filed pursuant
to a requirement imposed under subsection (a). For purposes
of section 552 of title 5, United States Code, this
subsection shall be considered a statute described in
subsection (b)(3)(B) of such section.
``(d) Penalties.--The penalties referred to in section
9714(d) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal
Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283; 31 U.S.C. 5318A note) shall
apply to violations of any order, regulation, special
measure, or other requirement imposed under subsection (a),
in the same manner and to the same extent as described in
such section 9714(d).
``(e) Injunctions.--The Secretary of the Treasury may bring
a civil action to enjoin a violation of any order,
regulation, special measure, or other requirement imposed
under subsection (a) in the same manner and to the same
extent as described in section 9714(e) of the National
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law
116-283; 31 U.S.C. 5318A note).''.
(b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents for the
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020
(Public Law 116-92) is amended by inserting after the item
relating to section 7213 the following:

``Sec. 7213A. Designation of transactions of sanctioned persons as of
primary money laundering concern.''.

SEC. 3202. TREATMENT OF TRANSNATIONAL CRIMINAL ORGANIZATIONS
IN SUSPICIOUS TRANSACTIONS REPORTS OF THE
FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK.

(a) Filing Instructions.--Not later than 180 days after the
date of the enactment of this Act, the Director of the
Financial Crimes Enforcement Network shall issue guidance or
instructions to United States financial institutions for
filing reports on suspicious transactions required under
section 1010.320 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations,
related to suspected fentanyl trafficking by transnational
criminal organizations.
(b) Prioritization of Reports Relating to Fentanyl
Trafficking or Transnational Criminal Organizations.--The
Director shall prioritize research into reports described in
subsection (a) that indicate a connection to trafficking of
fentanyl or related synthetic opioids or financing of
suspected transnational criminal organizations.

SEC. 3203. REPORT ON TRADE-BASED MONEY LAUNDERING IN TRADE
WITH MEXICO, THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA,
AND BURMA.

(a) In General.--In the first update to the national
strategy for combating the financing of terrorism and related
forms of illicit finance submitted to Congress after the date
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Treasury
shall include a report on trade-based money laundering
originating in Mexico or the People's Republic of China and
involving Burma.
(b) Definition.--In this section, the term ``national
strategy for combating the financing of terrorism and related
forms of illicit finance'' means the national strategy for
combating the financing of terrorism and related forms of
illicit finance required under section 261 of the Countering
America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (Public Law 115-
44; 131 Stat. 934), as amended by section 6506 of the
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022
(Public Law 117-81; 135 Stat. 2428).

TITLE III--EXCEPTION RELATING TO IMPORTATION OF GOODS

SEC. 3301. EXCEPTION RELATING TO IMPORTATION OF GOODS.

(a) In General.--The authority or a requirement to block
and prohibit all transactions in all property and interests
in property under this division shall not include the
authority or a requirement to impose sanctions on the
importation of goods.
(b) Good Defined.--In this section, the term ``good'' means
any article, natural or manmade substance, material, supply
or manufactured product, including inspection and test
equipment, and excluding technical data.

DIVISION B--REBUILDING ECONOMIC PROSPERITY AND OPPORTUNITY FOR
UKRAINIANS ACT

TITLE I

SEC. 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

(a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Rebuilding
Economic Prosperity and Opportunity for Ukrainians Act'' or
the ``REPO for Ukrainians Act''.
(b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act
is as follows:

TITLE I

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definitions.

TITLE II--REPURPOSING OF RUSSIAN SOVEREIGN ASSETS

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

In this Act:
(1) Russian aggressor state.--The term ``Russian aggressor
state'' means--
(A) the Russian Federation; and
(B) Belarus, if the President determines Belarus has
engaged in an act of war against Ukraine related to Russia's
ongoing February 24, 2022, invasion of Ukraine.
(2) Russian aggressor state sovereign asset.--The term
``Russian aggressor state sovereign asset'' means any Russian
sovereign assets or any funds or property of another Russian
aggressor state determined by the President to be of the same
sovereign character as the assets described in paragraph (7).
(3) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term
``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on
Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate; and
(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on
Financial Services of the House of Representatives.
(4) Financial institution.--The term ``financial
institution'' means a financial institution specified in
subparagraph (A), (B), (C),

[[Page H2569]]

(D), (E), (F), (G), (H), (I), (J), (M), or (Z) of section
5312(a)(2) of title 31, United States Code.
(5) G7.--The term ``G7'' means the countries that are
member of the informal Group of 7, including Canada, France,
Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United
States.
(6) Russian sovereign asset.--The term ``Russian sovereign
asset'' means any of the following:
(A) Funds and other property of--
(i) the Central Bank of the Russian Federation;
(ii) the Russian National Wealth Fund; or
(iii) the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation.
(B) Any other funds or other property that are owned by the
Government of the Russian Federation, including by any
subdivision, agency, or instrumentality of that government.
(7) United states.--The term ``United States'' means the
several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of
Puerto Rico, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana
Islands, American Samoa, Guam, the United States Virgin
Islands, and any other territory or possession of the United
States.
(8) United states financial institution.--The term ``United
States financial institution'' means a financial institution
organized under the laws of the United States or of any
jurisdiction within the United States, including a foreign
branch of such an institution.
(9) Seize or seizure.--The term ``seize'' or ``seizure''
means confiscation of all right, title, and interest
whatsoever in a Russian sovereign asset or a Russian
aggressor state sovereign asset and vesting of the same in
the United States.

TITLE II--REPURPOSING OF RUSSIAN SOVEREIGN ASSETS

SEC. 101. FINDINGS; SENSE OF CONGRESS.

(a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
(1) On February 24, 2022, the Government of the Russian
Federation violated the sovereignty and territorial integrity
of Ukraine by engaging in a premeditated, second illegal
invasion of Ukraine.
(2) The international community has condemned the illegal
invasions of Ukraine by the Russian Federation, as well as
the commission of the crime of aggression, war crimes, crimes
against humanity, and genocide by officials of the Russian
Federation, including through the deliberate targeting of
civilians and civilian infrastructure, the forcible transfer
of children, and the commission of sexual violence.
(3) The leaders of the G7 have called the Russian
Federation's ``unprovoked and completely unjustified attack
on the democratic state of Ukraine'' a ``serious violation of
international law and a grave breach of the United Nations
Charter and all commitments Russia entered in the Helsinki
Final Act and the Charter of Paris and its commitments in the
Budapest Memorandum''.
(4) On March 2, 2022, the United Nations General Assembly
adopted Resolution ES-11/1, entitled ``Aggression against
Ukraine'', by a vote of 141 to 5. That resolution
``deplore[d] in the strongest terms the aggression by the
Russian Federation against Ukraine in violation of Article
2(4) of the [United Nations] Charter'' and demanded that the
Russian Federation ``immediately cease its use of force
against Ukraine'' and ``immediately, completely and
unconditionally withdraw all of its military forces from the
territory of Ukraine within its internationally recognized
borders''.
(5) On March 16, 2022, the International Court of Justice
issued a provisional measures order requiring the Russian
Federation to ``immediately suspend the military operations
that it commenced on 24 February 2022 in the territory of
Ukraine'' and, in this regard, observed that ``orders on
provisional measures . . . have binding effect''.
(6) On November 14, 2022, the United Nations General
Assembly adopted a resolution--
(A) recognizing that the Russian Federation has committed a
serious breach of the most fundamental norms of international
law and its gross and systematic refusal to obey its
obligations has affected the entire international community;
(B) recognizing the need for the establishment, in
cooperation with Ukraine, of an international mechanism for
compensation for financially assessable damages caused by the
Russian Federation's internationally wrongful acts; and
(C) recommending ``the creation . . . of an international
register of damage to serve as a record . . . of evidence and
claims information on damage, loss or injury to all natural
and legal persons concerned, as well as the State of Ukraine,
caused by internationally wrongful acts of the Russian
Federation in or against Ukraine . . . .''.
(7) The Russian Federation bears international legal
responsibility for its aggression against Ukraine and, under
international law, must cease its internationally wrongful
acts. Because of this breach of the prohibition on aggression
under international law, the United States is legally
entitled to take counter measures that are proportionate and
aimed at inducing the Russian Federation to comply with its
international obligations.
(8) Approximately $300,000,000,000 of Russian sovereign
assets have been immobilized worldwide. Only a small fraction
of those assets, 1 to 2 percent, or between $4,000,000,000
and $5,000,000,000, are reportedly subject to the
jurisdiction of the United States.
(9) The vast majority of immobilized Russian sovereign
assets, approximately $190,000,000,000, are reportedly
subject to the jurisdiction of Belgium. The Government of
Belgium has publicly indicated that any action by that
Government regarding those assets would be predicated on
support by the G7.
(b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that,
having committed an act of aggression, as recognized by the
United Nations General Assembly on March 2, 2022, the Russian
Federation is to be considered as an aggressor state. The
extreme illegal actions taken by the Russian Federation,
including an act of aggression, present a unique situation,
justifying the establishment of a legal authority for the
United States Government and other countries to confiscate
Russian sovereign assets in their respective jurisdictions.

SEC. 102. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING IMPORTANCE OF THE
RUSSIAN FEDERATION PROVIDING COMPENSATION TO
UKRAINE.

It is the sense of Congress that--
(1) the Russian Federation bears responsibility for the
financial burden of the reconstruction of Ukraine and for
countless other costs associated with the illegal invasion of
Ukraine by the Russian Federation that began on February 24,
2022;
(2) the most effective ways to provide compensation for the
damages caused by the Russian Federation's internationally
wrongful acts should be assessed by an international
mechanism charged with determining compensation and providing
assistance to Ukraine;
(3) at least since November 2022 the Russian Federation has
been on notice of its opportunity to comply with its
international obligations, including to make full
compensation for injury, or, by agreement with Ukraine, to
authorize an international mechanism to resolve issues
regarding compensation to Ukraine;
(4) the Russian Federation can, by negotiated agreement,
participate in any international process to assess the
damages caused by the Russian Federation's internationally
wrongful acts and make funds available to compensate for
these damages, and if it fails to do so, the United States
and other countries should explore all avenues for ensuring
compensation to Ukraine;
(5) the President should lead robust engagement on all
bilateral and multilateral aspects of the response by the
United States to acts by the Russian Federation that
undermine the sovereignty and territorial integrity of
Ukraine, including on any policy coordination and alignment
regarding the repurposing or ordered transfer of Russian
sovereign assets in the context of determining compensation
and providing assistance to Ukraine;
(6) as part of the robust engagement on bilateral and
multilateral responses to acts by the Russian Federation that
undermine the sovereignty and territorial integrity of
Ukraine, the President should endeavor to facilitate creation
of, and United States participation in, an international
mechanism regarding the repurposing or seizure of sovereign
assets of the Russian Federation for the benefit of Ukraine.
(7) the repurposing of Russian sovereign assets is in the
national interests of the United States and consistent with
United States and international law;
(8) the United States should work with international allies
and partners on the repurposing of Russian sovereign assets
as part of a coordinated, multilateral effort, including with
G7 countries and other countries in which Russian sovereign
assets are located; and
(9) any effort by the United States to confiscate and
repurpose Russian sovereign assets should be undertaken
alongside international allies and partners as part of a
coordinated, multilateral effort, including with G7
countries, the European Union, Australia, and other countries
in which Russian sovereign assets are located.

SEC. 103. PROHIBITION ON RELEASE OF BLOCKED RUSSIAN SOVEREIGN
ASSETS.

(a) In General.--No Russian sovereign asset that is blocked
or effectively immobilized by the Department of the Treasury
before the date specified in section 104(j) may be released
or mobilized, except as otherwise authorized by this Act,
until the date on which the President certifies to the
appropriate congressional committees that--
(1) hostilities between the Russian Federation and Ukraine
have ceased; and
(2)(A) full compensation has been made to Ukraine for harms
resulting from the invasion of Ukraine by the Russian
Federation; or
(B) the Russian Federation is participating in a bona fide
international mechanism that, by agreement, will discharge
the obligations of the Russian Federation to compensate
Ukraine for all amounts determined to be owed to Ukraine.
(b) Notification.--Not later than 30 days before the
release or mobilization of a Russian sovereign asset that is
blocked or effectively immobilized by the Department of the
Treasury, the President shall submit to the appropriate
congressional committees--

[[Page H2570]]

(1) a notification of the decision to take the action that
releases or mobilizes the asset; and
(2) a justification in writing for such decision.
(c) Joint Resolution of Disapproval.--
(1) In general.--No Russian sovereign asset that is blocked
or effectively immobilized by the Department of the Treasury
may be released or mobilized if, within 30 days of receipt of
the notification and justification required under subsection
(b), a joint resolution is enacted into law prohibiting the
proposed release or mobilization.
(2) Expedited procedures.--Any joint resolution described
in paragraph (1) introduced in either House of Congress shall
be considered in accordance with the provisions of section
601(b) of the International Security Assistance and Arms
Export Control Act of 1976 (Public Law 94-329; 90 Stat. 765),
except that any such resolution shall be subject to germane
amendments. If such a joint resolution should be vetoed by
the President, the time for debate in consideration of the
veto message on such measure shall be limited to 20 hours in
the Senate and in the House of Representatives shall be
determined in accordance with the Rules of the House.
(d) Cooperation on Prohibition of Release of Certain
Russian Sovereign Assets.--Notwithstanding subsection (a),
the President may take such actions as may be necessary to
seek to obtain an agreement or arrangement to which the
Government of Ukraine is party that discharges the Russian
Federation from further obligations to compensate Ukraine.

SEC. 104. AUTHORITY TO ENSURE COMPENSATION TO UKRAINE USING
SEIZED RUSSIAN SOVEREIGN ASSETS AND RUSSIAN
AGGRESSOR STATE SOVEREIGN ASSETS.

(a) Reporting on Russian Assets.--
(1) Notice required.--Not later than 90 days after the date
of the enactment of this Act, the President shall, by means
of such instructions or regulations as the President may
prescribe, require any financial institution at which Russian
sovereign assets are located, and that knows or should know
of such assets, to provide notice of such assets, including
relevant information required under section 501.603(b)(ii) of
title 31, Code of Federal Regulations (or successor
regulations), to the Secretary of the Treasury not later than
10 days after detection of such assets.
(2) Report required.--
(A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for 3
years, the President shall submit to the appropriate
congressional committees a report detailing the status of
Russian sovereign assets with respect to which notice has
been provided to the Secretary of the Treasury under
paragraph (1).
(B) Form.--The report required by subparagraph (A) shall be
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified
annex.
(b) Seizure or Transfer of Assets.--
(1) Seizure of russian aggressor state sovereign assets.--
On and after the date that is 30 days after the President
submits to the appropriate congressional committees the
certification described in subsection (c), the President may
seize, confiscate, transfer, or vest any Russian aggressor
state sovereign assets, in whole or in part, and including
any interest or interests in such assets, subject to the
jurisdiction of the United States for the purpose of
transferring those funds to the Ukraine Support Fund
established under subsection (d).
(2) Vesting.--For funds confiscated under paragraph (1),
all right, title, and interest shall vest in the United
States Government, provided that no use of those funds other
than the use of those funds consistent with subsection (f)
shall be permitted.
(3) Liquidation and deposit.--The President shall--
(A) deposit any funds seized, transferred, or confiscated
under paragraph (1) into the Ukraine Support Fund established
under subsection (d);
(B) liquidate or sell any other property seized,
transferred, or confiscated under paragraph (1) and deposit
the funds resulting from such liquidation or sale into the
Ukraine Support Fund; and
(C) make all such funds available for the purposes
described in subsection (f).
(4) Method of seizure, transfer, or confiscation.--The
President may seize, transfer, confiscate or vest Russian
aggressor state sovereign assets under paragraph (1) through
instructions or licenses or in such other manner as the
President determines appropriate.
(c) Certification.--The certification described in this
subsection, with respect to Russian aggressor state sovereign
assets, is a certification that--
(1) seizing, confiscating, transferring, or vesting Russian
aggressor state sovereign assets for the benefit of Ukraine
is in the national interests of the United States;
(2) the President has meaningfully coordinated with G7
leaders to take multilateral action with regard to any
seizure, confiscation, vesting, or transfer of Russian
sovereign assets for the benefit of Ukraine; and
(3) either--
(A) the President has received an official and legitimate
request from a properly constituted international mechanism
that includes the participation of the Government of Ukraine
and the United States and that has been established for the
purpose of, or otherwise tasked with, compensating Ukraine
for damages arising or resulting from the internationally
wrongful acts of the Russian Federation regarding the
repurposing of sovereign assets of the Russian Federation; or
(B) either--
(i) the Russian Federation has not ceased its unlawful
aggression against Ukraine; or
(ii) the Russian Federation has ceased its unlawful
aggression against Ukraine, but--

(I) has not provided full compensation to Ukraine for harms
resulting from the internationally wrongful acts of the
Russian Federation; and
(II) is not participating in a bona fide process to provide
full compensation to Ukraine for harms resulting from Russian
aggression.

(d) Establishment of the Ukraine Support Fund.--
(1) Ukraine support fund.--The President shall establish an
account, to be known as the ``Ukraine Support Fund'', to
consist of any funds with respect to which a seizure is
ordered pursuant to subsection (b).
(2) Use of funds.--The funds in the accounts established
under paragraph (1) shall be available to be used only as
specified in subsection (f).
(e) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section may be
construed to provide the President with the authority to
seize, transfer, confiscate, or vest title to foreign
sovereign assets that are not Russian aggressor state
sovereign assets in the United States or transfer any foreign
sovereign assets to any recipient for any use other than the
uses described in this Act.
(f) Further Transfer and Use of Funds.--
(1) In general.--Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), Funds
in the Ukraine Support Fund shall be available to the
Secretary of State, in consultation with the Administrator of
the United States Agency for International Development, for
the purpose of providing assistance to Ukraine for the damage
resulting from the unlawful invasion by the Russian
Federation that began on February 24, 2022.
(2) Specific permissible uses.--Subject to paragraph (3),
the following are permissible uses of the funds in the
Ukraine Support Fund pursuant to paragraph (1):
(A) Making contributions to an international body, fund, or
mechanism established consistent with section 105(a) that is
charged with determining and administering compensation or
providing assistance to Ukraine.
(B) Supporting reconstruction, rebuilding, and recovery
efforts in Ukraine.
(C) Providing economic and humanitarian assistance to the
people of Ukraine.
(3) Notification.--
(A) In general.--The Secretary of State shall notify the
appropriate congressional committees not fewer than 15 days
before providing any funds from the Ukraine Support Fund to
any other account for the purposes described in paragraph
(1).
(B) Elements.--A notification under subparagraph (A) with
respect to the transfer of funds to another account pursuant
to paragraph (1) shall specify--
(i) the amount of funds to be provided;
(ii) the specific purpose for which such funds are
provided; and
(iii) the recipient of those funds.
(g) Limitation on Transfer of Funds.--No funds may be
transferred or otherwise expended from the Ukraine Support
Fund pursuant to subsection (f) unless the President
certifies to the appropriate congressional committees that--
(1) a plan exists to ensure transparency and accountability
for all funds transferred to and from any account receiving
the funds; and
(2) the President has transmitted the plan required under
paragraph (1) to the appropriate congressional committees in
writing.
(h) Joint Resolution of Disapproval.--No funds may be
transferred pursuant to subsection (f) if, within 15 days of
receipt of the notification required under subsection (f)(3),
a joint resolution is enacted into law prohibiting such
transfer.
(i) Report.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, and not less frequently than every 180
days thereafter, the President shall submit to the
appropriate congressional committees a report that includes
the following:
(1) An accounting of funds in the Ukraine Support Fund.
(2) Any information regarding the disposition of funds in
any account to which funds have been transferred pursuant to
subsection (f) that has been transmitted to the President by
the institution housing said account during the period
covered by the report.
(3) A description of United States multilateral and
bilateral diplomatic engagement with allies and partners of
the United States that also have immobilized Russian
sovereign assets to compensate for damages caused by the
Russian Federation's internationally wrongful acts during the
period covered by the report.
(4) An outline of steps taken to carry out the
establishment of the international mechanism described by
section 105(a) during the period covered by the report.
(j) Exception for United States Obligations Under
Treaties.--The authorities provided by this section may not
be exercised in a manner inconsistent with the obligations of
the United States under--
(1) the Convention on Diplomatic Relations, done at Vienna
April 18, 1961, and entered into force April 24, 1964 (23 UST
3227);

[[Page H2571]]

(2) the Convention on Consular Relations, done at Vienna
April 24, 1963, and entered into force on March 19, 1967 (21
UST 77);
(3) the Agreement Regarding the Headquarters of the United
Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered
into force November 21, 1947 (TIAS 1676); or
(4) any other international agreement to which the United
States is a state party on the day before the date of the
enactment of this Act.
(k) Judicial Review.--
(1) Exclusiveness of remedy.--Notwithstanding any other
provision of law, any action taken under this section shall
not be subject to judicial review, except as provided in this
subsection.
(2) Limitations for filing claims.--A claim may only be
brought with respect to an action under this section--
(A) that alleges that the action will deny rights under the
Constitution of the United States; and
(B) if the claim is brought not later than 60 days after
the date of such action.
(3) Jurisdiction.--
(A) In general.--A claim under paragraph (2) of this
subsection shall be barred unless a complaint is filed prior
to the expiration of such time limits in the United States
District Court for the District of Columbia.
(B) Appeal.--An appeal of an order of the United States
District Court for the District of Columbia issued pursuant
to a claim brought under this subsection shall be taken by a
notice of appeal filed with the United States Court of
Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit not later than
10 days after the date on which the order is entered.
(C) Expedited consideration.--It shall be the duty of the
United States District Court for the District of Columbia and
the United States Court of Appeals for the District of
Columbia Circuit to advance on the docket and to expedite to
the greatest possible extent the disposition of any claim
brought under this subsection.
(l) Sunset.--The authorities conferred under this section
shall terminate on the earlier of--
(1) the date that is 5 years after the date of the
enactment of this Act; or
(2) the date that is 120 days after the date on which the
President determines and certifies to the appropriate
congressional committees that--
(A) the Russian Federation has reached an agreement
relating to the respective withdrawal of Russian forces and
cessation of military hostilities that is accepted by the
free and independent Government of Ukraine; and
(B)(i) full compensation has been made to Ukraine for harms
resulting from the invasion of Ukraine by the Russian
Federation;
(ii) the Russian Federation is participating in a bona fide
international mechanism that, by agreement, will discharge
the obligations of the Russian Federation to compensate
Ukraine for all amounts determined to be owed to Ukraine; or
(iii) the Russian Federation's obligation to compensate
Ukraine for the damage caused by the Russian Federation's
aggression has been resolved pursuant to an agreement between
the Russian Federation and the Government of Ukraine.

SEC. 105. INTERNATIONAL MECHANISM TO USE RUSSIAN SOVEREIGN
ASSETS AND RUSSIAN AGGRESSOR STATE SOVEREIGN
ASSETS TO PROVIDE FOR THE RECONSTRUCTION OF
UKRAINE.

(a) In General.--The President shall take such actions as
the President determines appropriate to coordinate with the
G7, the European Union, Australia, and other partners and
allies of the United States regarding the disposition of
immobilized Russian aggressor state sovereign assets,
including seeking to establish an international mechanism
with foreign partners, including Ukraine, the G7, the
European Union, Australia, and other partners and allies of
the United States, for the purpose of assisting Ukraine,
which may include the establishment of an international fund
to be known as the ``Ukraine Compensation Fund'', that may
receive and use assets in the Ukraine Support Fund
established under section 104(c) and contributions from
foreign partners that have also frozen or seized Russian
aggressor state sovereign assets to assist Ukraine, including
by--
(1) supporting a register of damage to serve as a record of
evidence and for assessment of the financially assessable
damages to Ukraine resulting from the invasions of Ukraine by
the Russian Federation and operations or actions in support
thereof;
(2) establishing a mechanism to compensate Ukraine for
damages caused by Russia's internationally wrongful acts
connected with the invasions of Ukraine;
(3) ensuring distribution of those assets or the proceeds
of those assets based on determinations under that mechanism;
and
(4) taking such other actions as may be necessary to carry
out this section.
(b) Authorization for Deposit in the Ukraine Compensation
Fund.--Upon the President reaching an agreement or
arrangement to establish a common international mechanism
pursuant to subsection (a) or at any time thereafter, the
Secretary of State may, pursuant to the authority conferred
by and subject to the limitations described in section 104(f)
and subject to the limitations described in subsection (e),
transfer funds from the Ukraine Support Fund established
under section 104(d) to a fund or mechanism established
consistent with subsection (a).
(c) Notification.--The President shall notify the
appropriate congressional committees not later than 30 days
after entering into any new bilateral or multilateral
agreement or arrangement under subsection (a).
(d) Good Governance.--The Secretary of State, in
consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, shall--
(1) seek to ensure that any fund or mechanism established
consistent with subsection (a) operates in accordance with
established international accounting principles;
(2) seek to ensure that any fund or mechanism established
consistent with subsection (a) is--
(A) staffed, operated, and administered in accordance with
established accounting rules and governance procedures,
including providing for payment of reasonable expenses from
the fund for the governance and operation of the fund and the
tribunal;
(B) operated transparently as to all funds transfers,
filings, and decisions; and
(C) audited on a regular basis by an independent auditor,
in accordance with internationally accepted accounting and
auditing standards;
(3) seek to ensure that any audits of any fund or mechanism
established consistent with subsection (a) shall be made
available to the public; and
(4) ensure that any audits of any fund or mechanism
established consistent with subsection (a) shall be reviewed
and reported on by the Government Accountability Office to
the appropriate congressional committees and the public.
(e) Limitation on Transfer of Funds.--No funds may be
transferred from the Ukraine Support Fund to a fund or
mechanism established consistent with subsection (a) unless
the President certifies to the appropriate congressional
committees that--
(1) the institution housing the fund or mechanism has a
plan to ensure transparency and accountability for all funds
transferred to and from the fund or mechanism established
consistent with subsection (a); and
(2) the President has transmitted the plan required under
paragraph (1) to the appropriate congressional committees in
writing.
(f) Joint Resolution of Disapproval.--No funds may be
transferred from the Ukraine Support Fund to a fund or
mechanism established consistent with subsection (a) if,
within 30 days of receipt of the notification required under
subsection (c)(2), a joint resolution is enacted prohibiting
the transfer.
(g) Report.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, and not less frequently than every 90
days thereafter, the President shall submit to the
appropriate congressional committees a report that includes
the following:
(1) An accounting of funds in any fund or mechanism
established consistent with subsection (a).
(2) Any information regarding the disposition of any such
fund or mechanism that has been transmitted to the President
by the institution housing the fund or mechanism during the
period covered by the report.
(3) A description of United States multilateral and
bilateral diplomatic engagement with allies and partners of
the United States that also have immobilized Russian
sovereign assets to allow for compensation for Ukraine during
the period covered by the report.
(4) An outline of steps taken to carry out this section
during the period covered by the report.

SEC. 106. REPORT ON USE OF TRANSFERRED RUSSIAN SOVEREIGN
ASSETS FOR RECONSTRUCTION.

Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of
this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the Secretary of
State, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury,
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a
report that contains--
(1) the amount and source of Russian sovereign assets
seized, transferred, or confiscated pursuant to section
104(b);
(2) the amount and source of funds deposited into the
Ukraine Support Fund under section 104(b)(3); and
(3) a detailed description and accounting of how such funds
were used to meet the purposes described in section 104(f).

SEC. 107. ASSESSMENT BY SECRETARY OF STATE AND ADMINISTRATOR
OF USAID ON RECONSTRUCTION AND REBUILDING NEEDS
OF UKRAINE.

(a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in
consultation with the Administrator of the United States
Agency for International Development, shall submit to the
appropriate congressional committees an assessment of the
most pressing needs of Ukraine for reconstruction,
rebuilding, and humanitarian aid.
(b) Elements.--The assessment required by subsection (a)
shall include the following:
(1) An estimate of the rebuilding and reconstruction needs
of Ukraine, as of the date of the assessment, resulting from
the unlawful invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation,
including--
(A) a description of the sources and methods for the
estimate; and
(B) an identification of the locations or regions in
Ukraine with the most pressing needs.
(2) An estimate of the humanitarian needs, as of the date
of the assessment, of the people of Ukraine, including
Ukrainians residing inside the internationally recognized
borders of Ukraine or outside those borders, resulting from
the unlawful invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation.

[[Page H2572]]

(3) An assessment of the extent to which the needs
described in paragraphs (1) and (2) have been met or funded,
by any source, as of the date of the assessment.
(4) A plan to engage in robust multilateral and bilateral
diplomacy to ensure that allies and partners of the United
States, particularly in the European Union as Ukraine seeks
accession to the European Union, increase their commitment to
Ukraine's reconstruction.
(5) An identification of which such needs should be
prioritized, including any assessment or request by the
Government of Ukraine with respect to the prioritization of
such needs.

SEC. 108. EXTENSIONS.

Section 5(a) of the Elie Wiesel Genocide and Atrocities
Prevention Act of 2018 (Public Law 115-441; 132 Stat. 5587)
is amended, in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by
striking ``six years'' and inserting ``12 years''.

DIVISION C--OTHER MATTERS

SEC. 1. REPORT AND IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS TO HARMONIZE WITH
ALLIED SANCTIONS.

(a) Report Required.--Not later than 90 days after the date
of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of
Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the
Senate a report identifying--
(1) each foreign person currently subject to--
(A) sanctions issued by the European Union pursuant to
European Union Council Regulation No. 269/2014 of 17 March,
2014, as amended; or
(B) sanctions issued by the United Kingdom pursuant to the
Russia (Sanctions) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019, as amended;
and
(2) each such foreign person that also meets the criteria
for imposition of sanctions by the United States pursuant
to--
(A) the Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act of
2016 (22 U.S.C. 10101 et seq.);
(B) Executive Order 14024 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note, relating to
blocking property with respect to specified harmful foreign
activities of the Government of the Russian Federation), as
amended;
(C) Executive Order 14068 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note, relating to
prohibiting certain imports, exports, and new investment with
respect to continued Russian Federation aggression), as
amended; or
(D) Executive Order 14071 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note, relating to
prohibiting new investment in and certain services to the
Russian Federation in response to continued Russian
Federation aggression), as amended.
(b) Imposition of Sanctions.--The President may impose the
sanctions authorized by the applicable provision of law
listed in subsection (a)(2) with respect to each foreign
person identified in the report required under subsection
(a)(1) who is not already subject to sanctions under United
States law pursuant to one or more statutory sanctions
authorities as of the date of the submission of such report.

DIVISION D--PROTECTING AMERICANS FROM FOREIGN ADVERSARY CONTROLLED
APPLICATIONS ACT

SEC. 1. SHORT TITLE.

This division may be cited as the ``Protecting Americans
from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act''.

SEC. 2. PROHIBITION OF FOREIGN ADVERSARY CONTROLLED
APPLICATIONS.

(a) In General.--
(1) Prohibition of foreign adversary controlled
applications.--It shall be unlawful for an entity to
distribute, maintain, or update (or enable the distribution,
maintenance, or updating of) a foreign adversary controlled
application by carrying out, within the land or maritime
borders of the United States, any of the following:
(A) Providing services to distribute, maintain, or update
such foreign adversary controlled application (including any
source code of such application) by means of a marketplace
(including an online mobile application store) through which
users within the land or maritime borders of the United
States may access, maintain, or update such application.
(B) Providing internet hosting services to enable the
distribution, maintenance, or updating of such foreign
adversary controlled application for users within the land or
maritime borders of the United States.
(2) Applicability.--Subject to paragraph (3), this
subsection shall apply--
(A) in the case of an application that satisfies the
definition of a foreign adversary controlled application
pursuant to subsection (g)(3)(A), beginning on the date that
is 270 days after the date of the enactment of this Act; and
(B) in the case of an application that satisfies the
definition of a foreign adversary controlled application
pursuant to subsection (g)(3)(B), beginning on the date that
is 270 days after the date of the relevant determination of
the President under such subsection.
(3) Extension.--With respect to a foreign adversary
controlled application, the President may grant a 1-time
extension of not more than 90 days with respect to the date
on which this subsection would otherwise apply to such
application pursuant to paragraph (2), if the President
certifies to Congress that--
(A) a path to executing a qualified divestiture has been
identified with respect to such application;
(B) evidence of significant progress toward executing such
qualified divestiture has been produced with respect to such
application; and
(C) there are in place the relevant binding legal
agreements to enable execution of such qualified divestiture
during the period of such extension.
(b) Data and Information Portability to Alternative
Applications.--Before the date on which a prohibition under
subsection (a) applies to a foreign adversary controlled
application, the entity that owns or controls such
application shall provide, upon request by a user of such
application within the land or maritime borders of United
States, to such user all the available data related to the
account of such user with respect to such application. Such
data shall be provided in a machine readable format and shall
include any data maintained by such application with respect
to the account of such user, including content (including
posts, photos, and videos) and all other account information.
(c) Exemptions.--
(1) Exemptions for qualified divestitures.--Subsection
(a)--
(A) does not apply to a foreign adversary controlled
application with respect to which a qualified divestiture is
executed before the date on which a prohibition under
subsection (a) would begin to apply to such application; and
(B) shall cease to apply in the case of a foreign adversary
controlled application with respect to which a qualified
divestiture is executed after the date on which a prohibition
under subsection (a) applies to such application.
(2) Exemptions for certain necessary services.--Subsections
(a) and (b) do not apply to services provided with respect to
a foreign adversary controlled application that are necessary
for an entity to attain compliance with such subsections.
(d) Enforcement.--
(1) Civil penalties.--
(A) Foreign adversary controlled application violations.--
An entity that violates subsection (a) shall be subject to
pay a civil penalty in an amount not to exceed the amount
that results from multiplying $5,000 by the number of users
within the land or maritime borders of the United States
determined to have accessed, maintained, or updated a foreign
adversary controlled application as a result of such
violation.
(B) Data and information violations.--An entity that
violates subsection (b) shall be subject to pay a civil
penalty in an amount not to exceed the amount that results
from multiplying $500 by the number of users within the land
or maritime borders of the United States affected by such
violation.
(2) Actions by attorney general.--The Attorney General--
(A) shall conduct investigations related to potential
violations of subsection (a) or (b), and, if such an
investigation results in a determination that a violation has
occurred, the Attorney General shall pursue enforcement under
paragraph (1); and
(B) may bring an action in an appropriate district court of
the United States for appropriate relief, including civil
penalties under paragraph (1) or declaratory and injunctive
relief.
(e) Severability.--
(1) In general.--If any provision of this section or the
application of this section to any person or circumstance is
held invalid, the invalidity shall not affect the other
provisions or applications of this section that can be given
effect without the invalid provision or application.
(2) Subsequent determinations.--If the application of any
provision of this section is held invalid with respect to a
foreign adversary controlled application that satisfies the
definition of such term pursuant to subsection (g)(3)(A),
such invalidity shall not affect or preclude the application
of the same provision of this section to such foreign
adversary controlled application by means of a subsequent
determination pursuant to subsection (g)(3)(B).
(f) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this division may be
construed--
(1) to authorize the Attorney General to pursue
enforcement, under this section, other than enforcement of
subsection (a) or (b);
(2) to authorize the Attorney General to pursue
enforcement, under this section, against an individual user
of a foreign adversary controlled application; or
(3) except as expressly provided herein, to alter or affect
any other authority provided by or established under another
provision of Federal law.
(g) Definitions.--In this section:
(1) Controlled by a foreign adversary.--The term
``controlled by a foreign adversary'' means, with respect to
a covered company or other entity, that such company or other
entity is--
(A) a foreign person that is domiciled in, is headquartered
in, has its principal place of business in, or is organized
under the laws of a foreign adversary country;
(B) an entity with respect to which a foreign person or
combination of foreign persons described in subparagraph (A)
directly or indirectly own at least a 20 percent stake; or
(C) a person subject to the direction or control of a
foreign person or entity described in subparagraph (A) or
(B).
(2) Covered company.--

[[Page H2573]]

(A) In general.--The term ``covered company'' means an
entity that operates, directly or indirectly (including
through a parent company, subsidiary, or affiliate), a
website, desktop application, mobile application, or
augmented or immersive technology application that--
(i) permits a user to create an account or profile to
generate, share, and view text, images, videos, real-time
communications, or similar content;
(ii) has more than 1,000,000 monthly active users with
respect to at least 2 of the 3 months preceding the date on
which a relevant determination of the President is made
pursuant to paragraph (3)(B);
(iii) enables 1 or more users to generate or distribute
content that can be viewed by other users of the website,
desktop application, mobile application, or augmented or
immersive technology application; and
(iv) enables 1 or more users to view content generated by
other users of the website, desktop application, mobile
application, or augmented or immersive technology
application.
(B) Exclusion.--The term ``covered company'' does not
include an entity that operates a website, desktop
application, mobile application, or augmented or immersive
technology application whose primary purpose is to allow
users to post product reviews, business reviews, or travel
information and reviews.
(3) Foreign adversary controlled application.--The term
``foreign adversary controlled application'' means a website,
desktop application, mobile application, or augmented or
immersive technology application that is operated, directly
or indirectly (including through a parent company,
subsidiary, or affiliate), by--
(A) any of--
(i) ByteDance, Ltd.;
(ii) TikTok;
(iii) a subsidiary of or a successor to an entity
identified in clause (i) or (ii) that is controlled by a
foreign adversary; or
(iv) an entity owned or controlled, directly or indirectly,
by an entity identified in clause (i), (ii), or (iii); or
(B) a covered company that--
(i) is controlled by a foreign adversary; and
(ii) that is determined by the President to present a
significant threat to the national security of the United
States following the issuance of--

(I) a public notice proposing such determination; and
(II) a public report to Congress, submitted not less than
30 days before such determination, describing the specific
national security concern involved and containing a
classified annex and a description of what assets would need
to be divested to execute a qualified divestiture.

(4) Foreign adversary country.--The term ``foreign
adversary country'' means a country specified in section
4872(d)(2) of title 10, United States Code.
(5) Internet hosting service.--The term ``internet hosting
service'' means a service through which storage and computing
resources are provided to an individual or organization for
the accommodation and maintenance of 1 or more websites or
online services, and which may include file hosting, domain
name server hosting, cloud hosting, and virtual private
server hosting.
(6) Qualified divestiture.--The term ``qualified
divestiture'' means a divestiture or similar transaction
that--
(A) the President determines, through an interagency
process, would result in the relevant foreign adversary
controlled application no longer being controlled by a
foreign adversary; and
(B) the President determines, through an interagency
process, precludes the establishment or maintenance of any
operational relationship between the United States operations
of the relevant foreign adversary controlled application and
any formerly affiliated entities that are controlled by a
foreign adversary, including any cooperation with respect to
the operation of a content recommendation algorithm or an
agreement with respect to data sharing.
(7) Source code.--The term ``source code'' means the
combination of text and other characters comprising the
content, both viewable and nonviewable, of a software
application, including any publishing language, programming
language, protocol, or functional content, as well as any
successor languages or protocols.
(8) United states.--The term ``United States'' includes the
territories of the United States.

SEC. 3. JUDICIAL REVIEW.

(a) Right of Action.--A petition for review challenging
this division or any action, finding, or determination under
this division may be filed only in the United States Court of
Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.
(b) Exclusive Jurisdiction.--The United States Court of
Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit shall have
exclusive jurisdiction over any challenge to this division or
any action, finding, or determination under this division.
(c) Statute of Limitations.--A challenge may only be
brought--
(1) in the case of a challenge to this division, not later
than 165 days after the date of the enactment of this Act;
and
(2) in the case of a challenge to any action, finding, or
determination under this division, not later than 90 days
after the date of such action, finding, or determination.

DIVISION E--PROTECTING AMERICANS' DATA FROM FOREIGN ADVERSARIES ACT OF
2024

SEC. 1. SHORT TITLE.

This division may be cited as the ``Protecting Americans'
Data from Foreign Adversaries Act of 2024''.

SEC. 2. PROHIBITION ON TRANSFER OF PERSONALLY IDENTIFIABLE
SENSITIVE DATA OF UNITED STATES INDIVIDUALS TO
FOREIGN ADVERSARIES.

(a) Prohibition.--It shall be unlawful for a data broker to
sell, license, rent, trade, transfer, release, disclose,
provide access to, or otherwise make available personally
identifiable sensitive data of a United States individual
to--
(1) any foreign adversary country; or
(2) any entity that is controlled by a foreign adversary.
(b) Enforcement by Federal Trade Commission.--
(1) Unfair or deceptive acts or practices.--A violation of
this section shall be treated as a violation of a rule
defining an unfair or a deceptive act or practice under
section 18(a)(1)(B) of the Federal Trade Commission Act (15
U.S.C. 57a(a)(1)(B)).
(2) Powers of commission.--
(A) In general.--The Commission shall enforce this section
in the same manner, by the same means, and with the same
jurisdiction, powers, and duties as though all applicable
terms and provisions of the Federal Trade Commission Act (15
U.S.C. 41 et seq.) were incorporated into and made a part of
this section.
(B) Privileges and immunities.--Any person who violates
this section shall be subject to the penalties and entitled
to the privileges and immunities provided in the Federal
Trade Commission Act.
(3) Authority preserved.--Nothing in this section may be
construed to limit the authority of the Commission under any
other provision of law.
(c) Definitions.--In this section:
(1) Commission.--The term ``Commission'' means the Federal
Trade Commission.
(2) Controlled by a foreign adversary.--The term
``controlled by a foreign adversary'' means, with respect to
an individual or entity, that such individual or entity is--
(A) a foreign person that is domiciled in, is headquartered
in, has its principal place of business in, or is organized
under the laws of a foreign adversary country;
(B) an entity with respect to which a foreign person or
combination of foreign persons described in subparagraph (A)
directly or indirectly own at least a 20 percent stake; or
(C) a person subject to the direction or control of a
foreign person or entity described in subparagraph (A) or
(B).
(3) Data broker.--
(A) In general.--The term ``data broker'' means an entity
that, for valuable consideration, sells, licenses, rents,
trades, transfers, releases, discloses, provides access to,
or otherwise makes available data of United States
individuals that the entity did not collect directly from
such individuals to another entity that is not acting as a
service provider.
(B) Exclusion.--The term ``data broker'' does not include
an entity to the extent such entity--
(i) is transmitting data of a United States individual,
including communications of such an individual, at the
request or direction of such individual;
(ii) is providing, maintaining, or offering a product or
service with respect to which personally identifiable
sensitive data, or access to such data, is not the product or
service;
(iii) is reporting or publishing news or information that
concerns local, national, or international events or other
matters of public interest;
(iv) is reporting, publishing, or otherwise making
available news or information that is available to the
general public--

(I) including information from--

(aa) a book, magazine, telephone book, or online directory;
(bb) a motion picture;
(cc) a television, internet, or radio program;
(dd) the news media; or
(ee) an internet site that is available to the general
public on an unrestricted basis; and

(II) not including an obscene visual depiction (as such
term is used in section 1460 of title 18, United States
Code); or

(v) is acting as a service provider.
(4) Foreign adversary country.--The term ``foreign
adversary country'' means a country specified in section
4872(d)(2) of title 10, United States Code.
(5) Personally identifiable sensitive data.--The term
``personally identifiable sensitive data'' means any
sensitive data that identifies or is linked or reasonably
linkable, alone or in combination with other data, to an
individual or a device that identifies or is linked or
reasonably linkable to an individual.
(6) Precise geolocation information.--The term ``precise
geolocation information'' means information that--
(A) is derived from a device or technology of an
individual; and
(B) reveals the past or present physical location of an
individual or device that identifies or is linked or
reasonably linkable to 1 or more individuals, with sufficient
precision to identify street level location information of an
individual or device or the location of an individual or
device within a range of 1,850 feet or less.
(7) Sensitive data.--The term ``sensitive data'' includes
the following:

[[Page H2574]]

(A) A government-issued identifier, such as a Social
Security number, passport number, or driver's license number.
(B) Any information that describes or reveals the past,
present, or future physical health, mental health,
disability, diagnosis, or healthcare condition or treatment
of an individual.
(C) A financial account number, debit card number, credit
card number, or information that describes or reveals the
income level or bank account balances of an individual.
(D) Biometric information.
(E) Genetic information.
(F) Precise geolocation information.
(G) An individual's private communications such as
voicemails, emails, texts, direct messages, mail, voice
communications, and video communications, or information
identifying the parties to such communications or pertaining
to the transmission of such communications, including
telephone numbers called, telephone numbers from which calls
were placed, the time calls were made, call duration, and
location information of the parties to the call.
(H) Account or device log-in credentials, or security or
access codes for an account or device.
(I) Information identifying the sexual behavior of an
individual.
(J) Calendar information, address book information, phone
or text logs, photos, audio recordings, or videos, maintained
for private use by an individual, regardless of whether such
information is stored on the individual's device or is
accessible from that device and is backed up in a separate
location.
(K) A photograph, film, video recording, or other similar
medium that shows the naked or undergarment-clad private area
of an individual.
(L) Information revealing the video content requested or
selected by an individual.
(M) Information about an individual under the age of 17.
(N) An individual's race, color, ethnicity, or religion.
(O) Information identifying an individual's online
activities over time and across websites or online services.
(P) Information that reveals the status of an individual as
a member of the Armed Forces.
(Q) Any other data that a data broker sells, licenses,
rents, trades, transfers, releases, discloses, provides
access to, or otherwise makes available to a foreign
adversary country, or entity that is controlled by a foreign
adversary, for the purpose of identifying the types of data
listed in subparagraphs (A) through (P).
(8) Service provider.--The term ``service provider'' means
an entity that--
(A) collects, processes, or transfers data on behalf of,
and at the direction of--
(i) an individual or entity that is not a foreign adversary
country or controlled by a foreign adversary; or
(ii) a Federal, State, Tribal, territorial, or local
government entity; and
(B) receives data from or on behalf of an individual or
entity described in subparagraph (A)(i) or a Federal, State,
Tribal, territorial, or local government entity.
(9) United states individual.--The term ``United States
individual'' means a natural person residing in the United
States.
(d) Effective Date.--This section shall take effect on the
date that is 60 days after the date of the enactment of this
Act.

DIVISION F--SHIP ACT

SEC. 1. SHORT TITLE.

This division may be cited as the ``Stop Harboring Iranian
Petroleum Act'' or the ``SHIP Act''.

SEC. 2. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

It is the policy of the United States--
(1) to deny Iran the ability to engage in destabilizing
activities, support international terrorism, fund the
development and acquisition of weapons of mass destruction
and the means to deliver such weapons by limiting export of
petroleum and petroleum products by Iran;
(2) to deny Iran funds to oppress and commit human rights
violations against the Iranian people assembling to
peacefully redress the Iranian regime;
(3) to fully enforce sanctions against those entities which
provide support to the Iranian energy sector; and
(4) to counter Iran's actions to finance and facilitate the
participation of foreign terrorist organizations in ongoing
conflicts and illicit activities due to the threat such
actions pose to the vital national interests of the United
States.

SEC. 3. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO IRANIAN
PETROLEUM.

(a) In General.--On and after the date that is 180 days
after the date of the enactment of this Act, and except as
provided in subsection (e)(2), the President shall impose the
sanctions described in subsection (c) with respect to each
foreign person that the President determines knowingly
engaged, on or after such date of enactment, in an activity
described in subsection (b).
(b) Activities Described.--A foreign person engages in an
activity described in this subsection if the foreign person--
(1) owns or operates a foreign port at which, on or after
the date of the enactment of this Act, such person knowingly
permits to dock a vessel--
(A) that is included on the list of specially designated
nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of
Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury for
transporting Iranian crude oil or petroleum products; or
(B) of which the operator or owner of such vessel otherwise
knowingly engages in a significant transaction involving such
vessel to transport, offload, or deal in significant
transactions in condensate, refined, or unrefined petroleum
products, or other petrochemical products originating from
the Islamic Republic of Iran;
(2) owns or operates a vessel through which such owner
knowingly conducts a ship to ship transfer involving a
significant transaction of any petroleum product originating
from the Islamic Republic of Iran;
(3) owns or operates a refinery through which such owner
knowingly engages in a significant transaction to process,
refine, or otherwise deal in any petroleum product
originating from the Islamic Republic of Iran;
(4) is a covered family member of a foreign person
described in paragraph (1), (2), or (3); or
(5) is owned or controlled by a foreign person described in
paragraph (1), (2), or (3), and knowingly engages in an
activity described in paragraph (1), (2), or (3).
(c) Sanctions Described.--The sanctions described in this
subsection with respect to a foreign person described in
subsection (a) are the following:
(1) Sanctions on foreign vessels.--Subject to such
regulations as the President may prescribe, the President may
prohibit a vessel described in subsection (b)(1)(A) or
(b)(1)(B) from landing at any port in the United States--
(A) with respect to a vessel described in subsection
(b)(1)(A), for a period of not more than 2 years beginning on
the date on which the President imposes sanctions with
respect to a related foreign port described in subsection
(b)(1)(A); and
(B) with respect to a vessel described in subsection
(b)(1)(B), for a period of not more than 2 years.
(2) Blocking of property.--The President shall exercise all
of the powers granted to the President under the
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701
et seq.) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all
transactions in property and interests in property of the
foreign person if such property and interests in property are
in the United States, come within the United States, or are
or come within the possession or control of a United States
person.
(3) Ineligibility for visas, admission, or parole.--
(A) Visas, admission, or parole.--An alien described in
subsection (a) is--
(i) inadmissible to the United States;
(ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other documentation to
enter the United States; and
(iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted or paroled into
the United States or to receive any other benefit under the
Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.).
(B) Current visas revoked.--
(i) In general.--An alien described in subsection (a) is
subject to revocation of any visa or other entry
documentation regardless of when the visa or other entry
documentation is or was issued.
(ii) Immediate effect.--A revocation under clause (i) shall
take effect immediately and automatically cancel any other
valid visa or entry documentation that is in the alien's
possession.
(C) Exceptions.--Sanctions under this paragraph shall not
apply with respect to an alien if admitting or paroling the
alien into the United States is necessary--
(i) to permit the United States to comply with the
Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations,
signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force
November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United
States, or other applicable international obligations; or
(ii) to carry out or assist law enforcement activity in the
United States.
(4) Penalties.--The penalties provided for in subsections
(b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) shall apply to a person
that violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or
causes a violation of this section or any regulations
promulgated to carry out this section to the same extent that
such penalties apply to a person that commits an unlawful act
described in section 206(a) of that Act.
(d) Rules of Construction.--
(1) For purposes of determinations under subsection (a)
that a foreign person engaged in activities described in
subsection (b), a foreign person shall not be determined to
know that petroleum or petroleum products originated from
Iran if such person relied on a certificate of origin or
other documentation confirming that the origin of the
petroleum or petroleum products was a country other than
Iran, unless such person knew or had reason to know that such
documentation was falsified.
(2) Nothing in this division shall be construed to affect
the availability of any existing authorities to issue
waivers, exceptions, exemptions, licenses, or other
authorization.
(e) Implementation; Regulations.--
(1) In general.--The President may exercise all authorities
under sections 203 and 205 of the International Emergency
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) for purposes of
carrying out this section.
(2) Deadline for regulations.--Not later than 180 days
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President
shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary for the
implementation of this division.

[[Page H2575]]

(3) Notification to congress.--Not later than 10 days
before the prescription of regulations under paragraph (2),
the President shall brief and provide written notification to
the appropriate congressional committees regarding--
(A) the proposed regulations; and
(B) the specific provisions of this division that the
regulations are implementing.
(f) Exception for Humanitarian Assistance.--
(1) In general.--Sanctions under this section shall not
apply to--
(A) the conduct or facilitation of a transaction for the
provision of agricultural commodities, food, medicine,
medical devices, or humanitarian assistance, or for
humanitarian purposes; or
(B) transactions that are necessary for or related to the
activities described in subparagraph (A).
(2) Definitions.--In this subsection:
(A) Agricultural commodity.--The term ``agricultural
commodity'' has the meaning given that term in section 102 of
the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5602).
(B) Medical device.--The term ``medical device'' has the
meaning given the term ``device'' in section 201 of the
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321).
(C) Medicine.--The term ``medicine'' has the meaning given
the term ``drug'' in section 201 of the Federal Food, Drug,
and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321).
(g) Exception for Safety of Vessels and Crew.--Sanctions
under this section shall not apply with respect to a person
providing provisions to a vessel otherwise subject to
sanctions under this section if such provisions are intended
for the safety and care of the crew aboard the vessel, the
protection of human life aboard the vessel, or the
maintenance of the vessel to avoid any environmental or other
significant damage.
(h) Waiver.--
(1) In general.--The President may, on a case-by-case basis
and for periods not to exceed 180 days each, waive the
application of sanctions imposed with respect to a foreign
person under this section if the President certifies to the
appropriate congressional committees, not later than 15 days
after such waiver is to take effect, that the waiver is vital
to the national interests of the United States.
(2) Special rule.--The President shall not be required to
impose sanctions under this section with respect to a foreign
person described in subsection (a) if the President certifies
in writing to the appropriate congressional committees that
the foreign person--
(A) is no longer engaging in activities described in
subsection (b); or
(B) has taken and is continuing to take significant,
verifiable steps toward permanently terminating such
activities.
(i) Termination.--The authorities provided by this section
shall cease to have effect on and after the date that is 30
days after the date on which the President certifies to the
appropriate congressional committees that--
(1) the Government of Iran no longer repeatedly provides
support for international terrorism as determined by the
Secretary of State pursuant to--
(A) section 1754(c)(1)(A) of the Export Control Reform Act
of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 4318(c)(1)(A));
(B) section 620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22
U.S.C. 2371);
(C) section 40 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C.
2780); or
(D) any other provision of law; and
(2) Iran has ceased the pursuit, acquisition, and
development of, and verifiably dismantled, its nuclear,
biological, and chemical weapons, ballistic missiles, and
ballistic missile launch technology.

SEC. 4. REPORT ON IRANIAN PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
EXPORTS.

(a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter until the date
described in subsection (d), the Administrator of the Energy
Information Administration shall submit to the appropriate
congressional committees a report describing Iran's growing
exports of petroleum and petroleum products, that includes
the following:
(1) An analysis of Iran's exports and sale of petroleum and
petroleum products, including--
(A) an estimate of Iran's petroleum export and sale revenue
per year since 2018;
(B) an estimate of Iran's petroleum export and sale revenue
to China per year since 2018;
(C) the amount of petroleum and crude oil barrels exported
per year since 2018;
(D) the amount of petroleum and crude oil barrels exported
to China per year since 2018;
(E) the amount of petroleum and crude oil barrels exported
to countries other than China per year since 2018;
(F) the average price per petroleum and crude oil barrel
exported per year since 2018; and
(G) the average price per petroleum and crude oil barrel
exported to China per year since 2018.
(2) An analysis of Iran's labeling practices of exported
petroleum and petroleum products.
(3) A description of companies involved in the exporting
and sale of Iranian petroleum and petroleum products.
(4) A description of ships involved in the exporting and
sale of Iranian petroleum and petroleum products.
(5) A description of ports involved in the exporting and
sale of Iranian petroleum and petroleum products.
(b) Form.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be
submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified
annex.
(c) Publication.--The unclassified portion of the report
required by subsection (a) shall be posted on a publicly
available website of the Energy Information Administration.
(d) Termination.--The requirement to submit reports under
this section shall be terminated on the date on which the
President makes the certification described in section 3(i).

SEC. 5. STRATEGY TO COUNTER ROLE OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF
CHINA IN EVASION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO
IRAN.

(a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in
consultation with the heads of other appropriate Federal
agencies, shall submit to the appropriate congressional
committees a written strategy, and provide to those
committees an accompanying briefing, on the role of the
People's Republic of China in evasion of sanctions imposed by
the United States with respect to Iranian-origin petroleum
products that includes an assessment of options--
(1) to strengthen the enforcement of such sanctions; and
(2) to expand sanctions designations targeting the
involvement of the People's Republic of China in the
production, transportation, storage, refining, and sale of
Iranian-origin petroleum products.
(b) Elements.--The strategy required by subsection (a)
shall include--
(1) a description and assessment of the use of sanctions in
effect before the date of the enactment of this Act to target
individuals and entities of the People's Republic of China
that are directly or indirectly associated with smuggling of
Iranian-origin petroleum products;
(2) an assessment of--
(A) Iranian-owned entities operating in the People's
Republic of China and involved in petroleum refining supply
chains;
(B) the People's Republic of China's role in global
petroleum refining supply chains;
(C) how the People's Republic of China leverages its role
in global petroleum supply chains to achieve political
objectives;
(D) the People's Republic of China's petroleum importing
and exporting partners;
(E) what percent of the People's Republic of China's energy
consumption is linked to illegally imported Iranian-origin
petroleum products; and
(F) what level of influence the Chinese Communist Party
holds over non-state, semi-independent ``teapot'' refineries;
(3) a detailed plan for--
(A) monitoring the maritime domain for sanctionable
activity related to smuggling of Iranian-origin petroleum
products;
(B) identifying the individuals, entities, and vessels
engaging in sanctionable activity related to Iranian-origin
petroleum products, including--
(i) vessels--

(I) transporting petrochemicals subject to sanctions;
(II) conducting ship-to-ship transfers of such
petrochemicals;
(III) with deactivated automatic identification systems; or
(IV) that engage in ``flag hopping'' by changing national
registries;

(ii) individuals or entities--

(I) storing petrochemicals subject to sanctions; or
(II) refining or otherwise processing such petrochemicals;
and

(iii) through the use of port entry and docking permission
of vessels subject to sanctions;
(C) deterring individuals and entities from violating
sanctions by educating and engaging--
(i) insurance providers;
(ii) parent companies; and
(iii) vessel operators;
(D) collaborating with allies and partners of the United
States engaged in the Arabian Peninsula, including through
standing or new maritime task forces, to build sanctions
enforcement capacity through assistance and training to
defense and law enforcement services; and
(E) using public communications and global diplomatic
engagements to highlight the role of illicit petroleum
product smuggling in bolstering Iran's support for terrorism
and its nuclear program; and
(4) an assessment of--
(A) the total number of vessels smuggling Iranian-origin
petroleum products;
(B) the total number of vessels smuggling such petroleum
products destined for the People's Republic of China;
(C) the number of vessels smuggling such petroleum products
specifically from the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps;
(D) interference by the People's Republic of China with
attempts by the United States to investigate or enforce
sanctions on illicit Iranian petroleum product exports;
(E) the effectiveness of the use of sanctions with respect
to insurers of entities that own or operate vessels involved
in smuggling Iranian-origin petroleum products;
(F) the personnel and resources needed to enforce sanctions
with respect to Iranian-origin petroleum products; and
(G) the impact of smuggled illicit Iranian-origin petroleum
products on global energy markets.
(c) Form.--The strategy required by subsection (a) shall be
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified
index.

SEC. 6. DEFINITIONS.

In this division:

[[Page H2576]]

(1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term
``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on the
Judiciary, and the Committee on Financial Services of the
House of Representatives; and
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on
the Judiciary, and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and
Urban Affairs of the Senate.
(2) Covered family member.--The term ``covered family
member'', with respect to a foreign person who is an
individual, means a spouse, adult child, parent, or sibling
of the person who engages in the sanctionable activity
described under section 3 or who demonstrably benefits from
such activity.

DIVISION G--FIGHT CRIME ACT

SEC. 1. SHORT TITLE.

This division may be cited as the ``Fight and Combat
Rampant Iranian Missile Exports Act'' or the ``Fight CRIME
Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress makes the following findings:
(1) Annex B to United Nations Security Council Resolution
2231 (2015) restricts certain missile-related activities and
transfers to and from Iran, including all items, materials,
equipment, goods, and technology set out in the Missile
Technology Control Regime Annex, absent advance, case-by-case
approval from the United Nations Security Council.
(2) Iran has transferred Shahed and Mohajer drones, covered
under the Missile Technology Control Regime Annex, to the
Russian Federation, the Government of Ethiopia, and other
Iran-aligned entities, including the Houthis in Yemen and
militia units in Iraq, without prior authorization from the
United Nations Security Council, in violation of the
restrictions set forth in Annex B to United Nations Security
Council Resolution 2231.
(3) Certain missile-related restrictions in Annex B to
United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231 expired in
October 2023, removing international legal restrictions on
missile-related activities and transfers to and from Iran.

SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

It is the policy of the United States--
(1) to urgently seek the extension of missile-related
restrictions set forth in Annex B to United Nations Security
Council Resolution 2231 (2015);
(2) to use all available authorities to constrain Iran's
domestic ballistic missile production capabilities;
(3) to combat and deter the transfer of conventional and
non-conventional arms, equipment, material, and technology
to, or from Iran, or involving the Government of Iran; and
(4) to ensure countries, individuals, and entities engaged
in, or attempting to engage in, the acquisition,
facilitation, or development of arms and related components
and technology subject to restrictions under Annex B to
United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231 are held to
account under United States and international law, including
through the application and enforcement of sanctions and use
of export controls, regardless of whether the restrictions
under Annex B to United Nations Security Council Resolution
2231 remain in effect following their anticipated expiration
in October 2023.

SEC. 4. REPORT.

(a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for two
years, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the heads
of other appropriate Federal agencies, shall submit to the
appropriate congressional committees an unclassified report,
with a classified annex if necessary, that includes the
following:
(1) A diplomatic strategy to secure the renewal of
international restrictions on certain missile-related
activities, including transfers to and from Iran set forth in
Annex B to United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231
(2015).
(2) An analysis of how the expiration of missile-related
restrictions set forth in Annex B to United Nations Security
Council Resolution 2231 impacts the Government of Iran's arms
proliferation and malign activities, including as the
restrictions relate to cooperation with, and support for,
Iran-aligned entities and allied countries.
(3) An assessment of the revenue, or in-kind benefits,
accrued by the Government of Iran, or Iran-aligned entities,
as a result of a lapse in missile-related restrictions set
forth in Annex B to United Nations Security Council
Resolution 2231.
(4) A detailed description of a United States strategy to
deter, prevent, and disrupt the sale, purchase, or transfer
of covered technology involving Iran absent restrictions
pursuant to Annex B to United Nations Security Council
Resolution 2231.
(5) An identification of any foreign person engaging in,
enabling, or otherwise facilitating any activity involving
Iran restricted under Annex B to United Nations Security
Council Resolution 2231, regardless of whether such
restrictions remain in effect after October 2023.
(6) A description of actions by the United Nations and
other multilateral organizations, including the European
Union, to hold accountable foreign persons that have violated
the restrictions set forth in Annex B to United Nations
Security Council Resolution 2231, and efforts to prevent
further violations of such restrictions.
(7) A description of actions by individual member states of
the United Nations Security Council to hold accountable
foreign persons that have violated restrictions set forth in
Annex B to United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231
and efforts to prevent further violations of such
restrictions.
(8) A description of actions by the People's Republic of
China, the Russian Federation, or any other country to
prevent, interfere with, or undermine efforts to hold
accountable foreign persons that have violated the
restrictions set forth in Annex B to United Nations Security
Council Resolution 2231, including actions to restrict United
Nations-led investigations into suspected violations of such
restrictions, or limit funding to relevant United Nations
offices or experts.
(9) An analysis of the foreign and domestic supply chains
in Iran that directly or indirectly facilitate, support, or
otherwise aid the Government of Iran's drone or missile
program, including storage, transportation, or flight-testing
of related goods, technology, or components.
(10) An identification of any foreign person, or network
containing foreign persons, that enables, supports, or
otherwise facilitates the operations or maintenance of any
Iranian airline subject to United States sanctions or export
control restrictions.
(11) An assessment of how the continued operation of
Iranian airlines subject to United States sanctions or export
control restrictions impacts the Government of Iran's ability
to transport or develop arms, including covered technology.
(b) Scope.--The initial report required by subsection (a)
shall address the period beginning on January 1, 2021, and
ending on the date that is 90 days after date of the
enactment of this Act, and each subsequent report shall
address the one-year period following the conclusion of the
prior report.

SEC. 5. SANCTIONS TO COMBAT THE PROLIFERATION OF IRANIAN
MISSILES.

(a) In General.--The sanctions described in subsection (b)
shall apply to any foreign person the President determines,
on or after the date of the enactment of this Act--
(1) knowingly engages in any effort to acquire, possess,
develop, transport, transfer, or deploy covered technology
to, from, or involving the Government of Iran or Iran-aligned
entities, regardless of whether the restrictions set forth in
Annex B to United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231
(2015) remain in effect after October 2023;
(2) knowingly provides entities owned or controlled by the
Government of Iran or Iran-aligned entities with goods,
technology, parts, or components, that may contribute to the
development of covered technology;
(3) knowingly participates in joint missile or drone
development, including development of covered technology,
with the Government of Iran or Iran-aligned entities,
including technical training, storage, and transport;
(4) knowingly imports, exports, or re-exports to, into, or
from Iran, whether directly or indirectly, any significant
arms or related materiel prohibited under paragraph (5) or
(6) to Annex B of United Nations Security Council Resolution
2231 (2015) as of April 1, 2023;
(5) knowingly provides significant financial, material, or
technological support to, or knowingly engages in a
significant transaction with, a foreign person subject to
sanctions for conduct described in paragraph (1), (2), (3),
or (4); or
(6) is an adult family member of a person subject to
sanctions for conduct described in paragraph (1), (2), (3),
or (4).
(b) Sanctions Described.--The sanctions described in this
subsection are the following:
(1) Blocking of property.--The President shall exercise all
authorities granted under the International Emergency
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the extent
necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in property
and interests in property of the foreign person if such
property and interests in property are in the United States,
come within the United States, or come within the possession
or control of a United States person.
(2) Ineligibility for visas, admission, or parole.--
(A) Visas, admission, or parole.--An alien described in
subsection (a) shall be--
(i) inadmissible to the United States;
(ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other documentation to
enter the United States; and
(iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted or paroled into
the United States or to receive any other benefit under the
Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et 16 seq.).
(B) Current visas revoked.--
(i) In general.--The visa or other entry documentation of
any alien described in subsection (a) is subject to
revocation regardless of the issue date of the visa or other
entry documentation.
(ii) Immediate effect.--A revocation under clause (i)
shall, in accordance with section 221(i) of the Immigration
and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(i))--

(I) take effect immediately; and
(II) cancel any other valid visa or entry documentation
that is in the possession of the alien.

[[Page H2577]]

act described in subsection (a) of that section.
(d) Waiver.--The President may waive the application of
sanctions under this section with respect to a foreign person
for renewable periods not to exceed 180 days only if, not
later than 15 days after the date on which the waiver is to
take effect, the President submits to the appropriate
congressional committees a written determination and
justification that the waiver is in the vital national
security interests of the United States.
(e) Implementation.--The President may exercise all
authorities provided under sections 203 and 205 of the
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702
and 1704) to carry out any amendments made by this section.
(f) Regulations.--
(1) In general.--The President shall, not later than 120
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, promulgate
regulations as necessary for the implementation of this
division and the amendments made by this division.
(2) Notification to congress.--Not less than 10 days before
the promulgation of regulations under subsection (a), the
President shall notify the appropriate congressional
committees of the proposed regulations and the provisions of
this division and the amendments made by this division that
the regulations are implementing.
(g) Exceptions.--
(1) Exception for intelligence activities.--Sanctions under
this section shall not apply to any activity subject to the
reporting requirements under title V of the National Security
Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.) or any authorized
intelligence activities of the United States.
(2) Exception to comply with international obligations and
for law enforcement activities.--Sanctions under this section
shall not apply with respect to an alien if admitting or
paroling the alien into the United States is necessary--
(A) to permit the United States to comply with the
Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations,
signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force
November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United
States, or other applicable international obligations; or
(B) to carry out or assist authorized law enforcement
activity in the United States.
(h) Termination of Sanctions.--This section shall cease to
be effective beginning on the date that is 30 days after the
date on which the President certifies to the appropriate
congressional committees that--
(1) the Government of Iran no longer repeatedly provides
support for international terrorism as determined by the
Secretary of State pursuant to--
(A) section 1754(c)(1)(A) of the Export Control Reform Act
of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 4318(c)(1)(A));
(B) section 620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22
U.S.C. 2371);
(C) section 40 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C.
2780); or
(D) any other provision of law; and
(2) Iran has ceased the pursuit, acquisition, and
development of, and verifiably dismantled its, nuclear,
biological, and chemical weapons and ballistic missiles and
ballistic missile launch technology.

SEC. 6. REPORT TO IDENTIFY, AND DESIGNATION AS FOREIGN
TERRORIST ORGANIZATIONS OF, IRANIAN PERSONS
THAT HAVE ATTACKED UNITED STATES CITIZENS USING
UNMANNED COMBAT AERIAL VEHICLES.

(a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the
Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate
congressional committees a report that identifies, for the
period specified in subsection (b), any Iranian person that
has attacked a United States citizen using an unmanned combat
aerial vehicle, as defined for the purpose of the United
Nations Register of Conventional Arms.
(b) Period Specified.--The period specified in this
subsection is--
(1) for the initial report, the period--
(A) beginning on October 27, 2023; and
(B) ending on the date such report is submitted; and
(2) for the second or a subsequent report, the period--
(A) beginning on the date the preceding report was
submitted; and
(B) ending on the date such second or subsequent report is
submitted.
(c) Designation of Persons as Foreign Terrorist
Organizations.--
(1) In general.--The President shall designate any person
identified in a report submitted under subsection (a) as a
foreign terrorist organization under section 219 of the
Immigration and Naturalization Act (8 U.S.C. 1189).
(2) Revocation.--The President may not revoke a designation
made under paragraph (1) until the date that is 4 years after
the date of such designation.
(d) Waiver.--The Secretary of State may waive the
requirements of this section upon a determination and
certification to the appropriate congressional committees
that such a waiver is in the vital national security
interests of the United States.
(e) Sunset.--This section shall terminate on the date that
is 4 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.
(f) Iranian Person Defined.--In this section, the term
``Iranian person''--
(1) means an entity organized under the laws of Iran or
otherwise subject to the jurisdiction of the Government of
Iran; and
(2) includes the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.

SEC. 7. DEFINITIONS.

In this division:
(1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term
``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on
Financial Services, and the Committee on the Judiciary of the
House of Representatives; and
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on
the Judiciary, and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and
Urban Affairs of the Senate.
(2) Foreign person.--The term ``foreign person''--
(A) means an individual or entity that is not a United
States person; and
(B) includes a foreign state (as such term is defined in
section 1603 of title 28, United States Code).
(3) Government of iran.--The term ``Government of Iran''
has the meaning given such term in section 560.304 of title
31, Code of Federal Regulations, as such section was in
effect on January 1, 2021.
(4) United states person.--The terms ``United States
person'' means--
(A) a United States citizen;
(B) a permanent resident alien of the United States;
(C) an entity organized under the laws of the United States
or of any jurisdiction within the United States, including a
foreign branch of such an entity; or
(D) a person in the United States.
(5) Iran-aligned entity.--The term ``Iran-aligned entity''
means a foreign person that--
(A) is controlled or significantly influenced by the
Government of Iran; and
(B) knowingly receives material or financial support from
the Government of Iran, including Hezbollah, the Houthis, or
any other proxy group that furthers Iran's national security
objectives.
(6) Covered technology.--The term ``covered technology''
means--
(A) any goods, technology, software, or related material
specified in the Missile Technology Control Regime Annex, as
in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this
Act; and
(B) any additional goods, technology, software, or related
material added to the Missile Technology Control Regime Annex
after the day before the date of the enactment of this Act.
(7) Family member.--The term ``family member'' means--
(A) a child, grandchild, parent, grandparent, sibling, or
spouse; and
(B) any spouse, widow, or widower of an individual
described in subparagraph (A).
(8) Knowingly.--The term ``knowingly'' has the meaning
given that term in section 14 of the Iran Sanctions Act of
1996 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note).
(9) Missile technology control regime.--The term ``Missile
Technology Control Regime'' means the policy statement,
between the United States, the United Kingdom, the Federal
Republic of Germany, France, Italy, Canada, and Japan,
announced on April 16, 1987, to restrict sensitive missile-
relevant transfers based on the Missile Technology Control
Regime Annex, and any amendments thereto or expansions
thereof, as in effect on the day before the date of the
enactment of this Act.
(10) Missile technology control regime annex.--The term
``Missile Technology Control Regime Annex'' means the
Guidelines and Equipment and Technology Annex of the Missile
Technology Control Regime, and any amendments thereto or
updates thereof, as in effect on the day before the date of
the enactment of this Act.

DIVISION H--MAHSA ACT

SEC. 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ``Mahsa Amini Human rights and
Security Accountability Act'' or the ``MAHSA Act''.

SEC. 2. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS ON IRAN'S SUPREME LEADER'S
OFFICE, ITS APPOINTEES, AND ANY AFFILIATED
PERSONS.

(a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
(1) The Supreme Leader is an institution of the Islamic
Republic of Iran.
(2) The Supreme Leader holds ultimate authority over Iran's
judiciary and security apparatus, including the Ministry of
Intelligence and Security, law enforcement forces under the
Interior Ministry, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
(IRGC), and the Basij, a nationwide volunteer paramilitary
group subordinate to the IRGC, all of which have engaged in
human rights abuses in Iran. Additionally the IRGC, a United
States designated Foreign Terrorist Organization, which
reports to the Supreme Leader, continues to perpetrate
terrorism around the globe, including attempts to kill and
kidnap American citizens on United States soil.
(3) The Supreme Leader appoints the head of Iran's
judiciary. International observers continue to criticize the
lack of independence of Iran's judicial system and maintained
that trials disregarded international standards of fairness.
(4) The revolutionary courts, created by Iran's former
Supreme Leader Ruhollah Khomeini, within Iran's judiciary,
are chiefly responsible for hearing cases of political
offenses, operate in parallel to Iran's criminal justice
system and routinely hold grossly unfair trials without due
process, handing down

[[Page H2578]]

predetermined verdicts and rubberstamping executions for
political purpose.
(5) The Iranian security and law enforcement forces engage
in serious human rights abuse at the behest of the Supreme
Leader.
(6) Iran's President, Ebrahim Raisi, sits at the helm of
the most sanctioned cabinet in Iranian history which includes
internationally sanctioned rights violators. Raisi has
supported the recent crackdown on protestors and is a rights
violator himself, having served on a ``death commission'' in
1988 that led to the execution of several thousand political
prisoners in Iran. He most recently served as the head of
Iran's judiciary, a position appointed by Iran's current
Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, and may likely be a potential
candidate to replace Khamenei as Iran's next Supreme Leader.
(7) On September 16, 2022, a 22-year-old woman, Mahsa
Amini, died in the detention of the Morality Police after
being beaten and detained for allegedly transgressing
discriminatory dress codes for women. This tragic incident
triggered widespread, pro-women's rights, pro-democracy
protests across all of Iran's 31 provinces, calling for the
end to Iran's theocratic regime.
(8) In the course of the protests, the Iranian security
forces' violent crackdown includes mass arrests, well
documented beating of protestors, throttling of the internet
and telecommunications services, and shooting protestors with
live ammunition. Iranian security forces have reportedly
killed hundreds of protestors and other civilians, including
women and children, and wounded many more.
(9) Iran's Supreme Leader is the leader of the ``Axis of
Resistance'', which is a network of Tehran's terror proxy and
partner militias materially supported by the Islamic
Revolutionary Guard Corps that targets the United States as
well as its allies and partners.
(b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
(1) the United States shall stand with and support the
people of Iran in their demand for fundamental human rights;
(2) the United States shall continue to hold the Islamic
Republic of Iran, particularly the Supreme Leader and
President, accountable for abuses of human rights,
corruption, and export of terrorism; and
(3) Iran must immediately end its gross violations of
internationally recognized human rights.
(c) In General.--
(1) Determination and report required.--Not later than 90
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and
annually thereafter, the President shall--
(A) determine whether each foreign person described in
subsection (d) meets the criteria for imposition of sanctions
under one or more of the sanctions programs and authorities
listed in paragraph (2);
(B) impose applicable sanctions against any foreign person
determined to meet the criteria for imposition of sanctions
pursuant to subparagraph (A) under the sanctions programs and
authorities listed in subparagraph (A) or (F) of subsection
(c)(2) and pursue applicable sanctions against any foreign
person determined to meet the criteria for imposition of
sanctions pursuant to subparagraph (A) under the sanctions
programs and authorities listed in subparagraph (B), (C),
(D), or (E) of subsection (c)(2); and
(C) submit to the appropriate congressional committees a
report in unclassified form, with a classified annex provided
separately if needed, containing--
(i) a list of all foreign persons described in subsection
(d) that meet the criteria for imposition of sanctions under
one or more of the sanctions programs and authorities listed
in paragraph (2); and
(ii) for each foreign person identified pursuant to clause
(i)--

(I) a list of each sanctions program or authority listed in
paragraph (2) for which the person meets the criteria for
imposition of sanctions;
(II) a statement which, if any, of the sanctions authorized
by any of the sanctions programs and authorities identified
pursuant to subclause (I) have been imposed or will be
imposed within 30 days of the submission of the report; and
(III) with respect to which any of the sanctions authorized
by any of the sanctions programs and authorities identified
pursuant to subclause (I) have not been imposed and will not
be imposed within 30 days of the submission of the report,
the specific authority under which otherwise applicable
sanctions are being waived, have otherwise been determined
not to apply, or are not being imposed and a complete
justification of the decision to waive or otherwise not apply
the sanctions authorized by such sanctions programs and
authorities.

(2) Sanctions listed.--The sanctions listed in this
paragraph are the following:
(A) Sanctions described in section 105(c) of the
Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment
Act of 2010 (22 U.S.C. 8514(c)).
(B) Sanctions applicable with respect to a person pursuant
to Executive Order 13553 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; relating to
blocking property of certain persons with respect to serious
human rights abuses by the Government of Iran).
(C) Sanctions applicable with respect to a person pursuant
to Executive Order 13224 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; relating to
blocking property and prohibiting transactions with persons
who commit, threaten to commit, or support terrorism).
(D) Sanctions applicable with respect to a person pursuant
to Executive Order 13818 (relating to blocking the property
of persons involved in serious human rights abuse or
corruption).
(E) Sanctions applicable with respect to a person pursuant
to Executive Order 13876 (relating to imposing sanctions with
respect to Iran).
(F) Penalties and visa bans applicable with respect to a
person pursuant to section 7031(c) of the Department of
State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs
Appropriations Act, 2021.
(3) Form of determination.--The determination required by
paragraph (1) shall be provided in an unclassified form but
may contain a classified annex provided separately containing
additional contextual information pertaining to justification
for the issuance of any waiver issued, as described in
paragraph (1)(C)(ii). The unclassified portion of such
determination shall be made available on a publicly available
internet website of the Federal Government.
(d) Foreign Persons Described.--The foreign persons
described in this subsection are the following:
(1) The Supreme Leader of Iran and any official in the
Office of the Supreme Leader of Iran.
(2) The President of Iran and any official in the Office of
the President of Iran or the President's cabinet, including
cabinet ministers and executive vice presidents.
(3) Any entity, including foundations and economic
conglomerates, overseen by the Office of the Supreme Leader
of Iran which is complicit in financing or resourcing of
human rights abuses or support for terrorism.
(4) Any official of any entity owned or controlled by the
Supreme Leader of Iran or the Office of the Supreme Leader of
Iran.
(5) Any person determined by the President--
(A) to be a person appointed by the Supreme Leader of Iran,
the Office of the Supreme Leader of Iran, the President of
Iran, or the Office of the President of Iran to a position as
a state official of Iran, or as the head of any entity
located in Iran or any entity located outside of Iran that is
owned or controlled by one or more entities in Iran;
(B) to have materially assisted, sponsored, or provided
financial, material, or technological support for, or goods
or services to or in support of any person whose property and
interests in property are blocked pursuant to any sanctions
program or authority listed in subsection (c)(2);
(C) to be owned or controlled by, or to have acted or
purported to act for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly
any person whose property and interests in property are
blocked pursuant to any sanctions program or authority listed
in subsection (c)(2); or
(D) to be a member of the board of directors or a senior
executive officer of any person whose property and interests
in property are blocked pursuant to any sanctions program or
authority listed in subsection (c)(2).
(e) Congressional Oversight.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 60 days after receiving a
request from the chairman and ranking member of one of the
appropriate congressional committees with respect to whether
a foreign person meets the criteria of a person described in
subsection (d)(5), the President shall--
(A) determine if the person meets such criteria; and
(B) submit an unclassified report, with a classified annex
provided separately if needed, to such chairman and ranking
member with respect to such determination that includes a
statement of whether or not the President imposed or intends
to impose sanctions with respect to the person pursuant to
any sanctions program or authority listed in subsection
(c)(2).
(2) Appropriate congressional committees defined.--In this
subsection, the term ``appropriate congressional committees''
means--
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Committee on
Financial Services of the House of Representatives; and
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on
Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate.

SEC. 3. SEVERABILITY.

If any provision of this division, or the application of
such provision to any person or circumstance, is found to be
unconstitutional, the remainder of this division, or the
application of that provision to other persons or
circumstances, shall not be affected.

DIVISION I--HAMAS AND OTHER PALESTINIAN TERRORIST GROUPS INTERNATIONAL
FINANCING PREVENTION ACT

SEC. 1. SHORT TITLE.

This division may be cited as the ``Hamas and Other
Palestinian Terrorist Groups International Financing
Prevention Act''.

SEC. 2. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

It shall be the policy of the United States--
(1) to prevent Hamas, Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Al-Aqsa
Martyrs Brigade, the Lion's Den, or any affiliate or
successor thereof from accessing its international support
networks; and
(2) to oppose Hamas, the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Al-Aqsa
Martyrs Brigade, the Lion's Den, or any affiliate or
successor thereof from using goods, including medicine and
dual use items, to smuggle weapons and other materials to
further acts of terrorism, including against Israel.

[[Page H2579]]

SEC. 3. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FOREIGN
PERSONS SUPPORTING ACTS OF TERRORISM OR
ENGAGING IN SIGNIFICANT TRANSACTIONS WITH
SENIOR MEMBERS OF HAMAS, PALESTINIAN ISLAMIC
JIHAD AND OTHER PALESTINIAN TERRORIST
ORGANIZATIONS.

(a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
enactment of this Act, the President shall impose the
sanctions described in subsection (c) with respect to each
foreign person that the President determines, on or after the
date of the enactment of this Act, engages in an activity
described in subsection (b).
(b) Activities Described.--A foreign person engages in an
activity described in this subsection if the foreign person
knowingly--
(1) assists in sponsoring or providing significant
financial, material, or technological support for, or goods
or other services to enable, acts of terrorism; or
(2) engages, directly or indirectly, in a significant
transaction with--
(A) a senior member of Hamas, Palestinian Islamic Jihad,
Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade, the Lion's Den, or any affiliate or
successor thereof; or
(B) a senior member of a foreign terrorist organization
designated pursuant to section 219 of the Immigration and
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189) that is responsible for
providing, directly or indirectly, support to Hamas,
Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade, the
Lion's Den, or any affiliate or successor thereof.
(c) Sanctions Described.--The President shall exercise all
of the powers granted to the President under the
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701
et seq.) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all
transactions in property and interests in property of a
foreign person described in subsection (a) if such property
and interests in property are in the United States, come
within the United States, or are or come within the
possession or control of a United States person.
(d) Penalties.--The penalties provided for in subsections
(b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) shall apply to a person
that violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or
causes a violation of this section or any regulations
promulgated to carry out this section to the same extent that
such penalties apply to a person that commits an unlawful act
described in section 206(a) of that Act.
(e) Implementation; Regulations.--
(1) In general.--The President may exercise all authorities
provided under sections 203 and 205 of the International
Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) for
purposes of carrying out this section.
(2) Regulations.--Not later than 60 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, the President shall issue
regulations or other guidance as may be necessary for the
implementation of this section.
(f) Waiver.--The President may waive, on a case-by-case
basis and for a period of not more than 180 days, the
application of sanctions under this section with respect to a
foreign person only if, not later than 15 days prior to the
date on which the waiver is to take effect, the President
submits to the appropriate congressional committees a written
determination and justification that the waiver is in the
vital national security interests of the United States.
(g) Humanitarian Assistance.--
(1) In general.--Sanctions under this section shall not
apply to--
(A) the conduct or facilitation of a transaction for the
provision of agricultural commodities, food, medicine,
medical devices, or humanitarian assistance, or for
humanitarian purposes; or
(B) transactions that are necessary for or related to the
activities described in subparagraph (A).
(2) Definitions.--In this subsection:
(A) Agricultural commodity.--The term ``agricultural
commodity'' has the meaning given that term in section 102 of
the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5602).
(B) Medical device.--The term ``medical device'' has the
meaning given the term ``device'' in section 201 of the
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321).
(C) Medicine.--The term ``medicine'' has the meaning given
the term ``drug'' in section 201 of the Federal Food, Drug,
and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321).
(h) Rule of Construction.--The authority to impose
sanctions under this section with respect to a foreign person
is in addition to the authority to impose sanctions under any
other provision of law with respect to a foreign person that
directly or indirectly supports acts of international
terrorism.

SEC. 4. IMPOSITION OF MEASURES WITH RESPECT TO FOREIGN STATES
PROVIDING SUPPORT TO HAMAS, PALESTINIAN ISLAMIC
JIHAD AND OTHER PALESTINIAN TERRORIST
ORGANIZATIONS.

(a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
enactment of this Act, the President shall impose the
measures described in subsection (c) with respect to a
foreign state if the President determines that the foreign
state, on or after the date of the enactment of this Act,
engages in an activity described in subsection (b).
(b) Activities Described.--A foreign state engages in an
activity described in this subsection if the foreign state
knowingly--
(1) provides significant material or financial support for
acts of international terrorism, pursuant to--
(A) section 1754(c) of the Export Control Reform Act of
2018 (50 U.S.C. 4813(c)(1)(A));
(B) section 620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22
U.S.C. 2371);
(C) section 40 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C.
2780); or
(D) any other provision of law;
(2) provides significant material support to Hamas, the
Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade, the
Lion's Den, or any affiliate or successor thereof; or
(3) engages in a significant transaction that materially
contributes, directly or indirectly, to the terrorist
activities of Hamas, the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Al-Aqsa
Martyrs Brigade, the Lion's Den, or any affiliate or
successor thereof.
(c) Measures Described.--The measures described in this
subsection with respect to a foreign state are the following:
(1) The President shall suspend, for a period of at least 1
year, United States assistance to the foreign state.
(2) The Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the United
States Executive Director to each appropriate international
financial institution to oppose, and vote against, for a
period of 1 year, the extension by such institution of any
loan or financial or technical assistance to the government
of the foreign state.
(3) The President shall prohibit the export of any item on
the United States Munitions List (established pursuant to
section 38 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2778))
or the Commerce Control List set forth in Supplement No. 1 to
part 774 of title 15, Code of Federal Regulations, to the
foreign state for a period of 1 year.
(d) Penalties.--The penalties provided for in subsections
(b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) shall apply to a person
that violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or
causes a violation of this section or any regulations
promulgated to carry out this section to the same extent that
such penalties apply to a person that commits an unlawful act
described in section 206(a) of that Act.
(e) Waiver.--The President may waive, on a case-by-case
basis and for a period of not more than 180 days, the
application of measures under this section with respect to a
foreign state only if, not later than 15 days prior to the
date on which the waiver is to take effect, the President
submits to the appropriate congressional committees a written
determination and justification that the waiver is in the
vital national security interests of the United States.
(f) Implementation; Regulations.--
(1) In general.--The President may exercise all authorities
provided under sections 203 and 205 of the International
Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) for
purposes of carrying out this section.
(2) Regulations.--Not later than 60 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, the President shall issue
regulations or other guidance as may be necessary for the
implementation of this section.
(g) Additional Exemptions.--
(1) Status of forces agreements.--The President may exempt
the application of measures under this section with respect
to a foreign state if the application of such measures would
prevent the United States from meeting the terms of any
status of forces agreement to which the United States is a
party or meeting other obligations relating to the basing of
United States service members.
(2) Authorized intelligence activities.--Measures under
this section shall not apply with respect to any activity
subject to the reporting requirements under title V of the
National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.) or any
authorized intelligence activities of the United States.
(3) Humanitarian assistance.--
(A) In general.--Measures under this section shall not
apply to--
(i) the conduct or facilitation of a transaction for the
provision of agricultural commodities, food, medicine,
medical devices, or humanitarian assistance, or for
humanitarian purposes; or
(ii) transactions that are necessary for or related to the
activities described in clause (i).
(B) Definitions.--In this subsection:
(i) Agricultural commodity.--The term ``agricultural
commodity'' has the meaning given that term in section 102 of
the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5602).
(ii) Medical device.--The term ``medical device'' has the
meaning given the term ``device'' in section 201 of the
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321).
(iii) Medicine.--The term ``medicine'' has the meaning
given the term ``drug'' in section 201 of the Federal Food,
Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321).
(h) Rule of Construction.--The authority to impose measures
under this section with respect to a foreign state is in
addition to the authority to impose measures under any other
provision of law with respect to foreign states that directly
or indirectly support acts of international terrorism.

SEC. 5. REPORTS ON ACTIVITIES TO DISRUPT GLOBAL FUNDRAISING,
FINANCING, AND MONEY LAUNDERING ACTIVITIES OF
HAMAS, PALESTINIAN ISLAMIC JIHAD, AL-AQSA
MARTYRS BRIGADE, THE LION'S DEN OR ANY
AFFILIATE OR SUCCESSOR THEREOF.

(a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of
enactment of this Act, and

[[Page H2580]]

every 180 days thereafter, the President shall submit to the
appropriate congressional committees a report that includes--
(1) an assessment of the disposition of the assets and
activities of Hamas, the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Al-Aqsa
Martyrs Brigade, the Lion's Den, or any affiliate or
successor thereof related to fundraising, financing, and
money laundering worldwide;
(2) a list of foreign states that knowingly providing
material, financial, or technical support for, or goods or
services to Hamas, the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Al-Aqsa
Martyrs Brigade, the Lion's Den, or any affiliate or
successor thereof;
(3) a list of foreign states in which Hamas, the
Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade, the
Lion's Den, or any affiliate or successor thereof conducts
significant fundraising, financing, or money laundering
activities;
(4) a list of foreign states from which Hamas, the
Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade, the
Lion's Den, or any affiliate or successor thereof knowingly
engaged in the transfer of surveillance equipment, electronic
monitoring equipment, or other means to inhibit communication
or the free flow of information in Gaza; and
(5) with respect to each foreign state listed in paragraph
(2), (3), or (4)--
(A) a description of the steps the foreign state identified
is taking adequate measures to restrict financial flows to
Hamas, the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Al-Aqsa Martyrs
Brigade, the Lion's Den, or any affiliates or successors
thereof; and
(B) in the case of a foreign state failing to take adequate
measures to restrict financial flows to Hamas, Palestinian
Islamic Jihad, Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade, the Lion's Den or any
other designated entity engaged in significant act of
terrorism threatening the peace and security of Israel--
(i) an assessment of the reasons that government is not
taking adequate measures to restrict financial flows to those
entities; and
(ii) a description of measures being taken by the United
States Government to encourage the foreign state to restrict
financial flows to those entities; and
(b) Form.--Each report required by subsection (a) shall be
submitted in unclassified form to the greatest extent
possible, and may contain a classified annex.

SEC. 6. TERMINATION.

This division shall terminate on the earlier of--
(1) the date that is 7 years after the date of the
enactment of this Act; or
(2) the date that is 30 days after the date on which the
President certifies to the appropriate congressional
committees that--
(A) Hamas or any successor or affiliate thereof is no
longer designated as a foreign terrorist organization
pursuant to section 219 of the Immigration and Nationality
Act (8 U.S.C. 1189);
(B) Hamas, the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Al-Aqsa Martyrs
Brigade, the Lion's Den, and any successor or affiliate
thereof are no longer subject to sanctions pursuant to--
(i) Executive Order No. 12947 (January 23, 1995; relating
to prohibiting transactions with terrorists who threaten to
disrupt the Middle East peace process); and
(ii) Executive Order No. 13224 (September 23, 2001;
relating to blocking property and prohibiting transactions
with persons who commit, threaten to commit, or support
terrorism); and
(C) Hamas, the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Al-Aqsa Martyrs
Brigade, the Lion's Den, and any successor or affiliate
thereof meet the criteria described in paragraphs (1) through
(4) of section 9 of the Palestinian Anti-Terrorism Act of
2006 (22 U.S.C. 2378b note).

SEC. 7. DEFINITIONS.

In this division:
(1) Act of terrorism.--The term ``act of terrorism'' means
an activity that--
(A) involves a violent act or an act dangerous to human
life, property, or infrastructure; and
(B) appears to be intended to--
(i) intimidate or coerce a civilian population;
(ii) influence the policy of a government by intimidation
or coercion; or
(iii) affect the conduct of a government by mass
destruction, assassination, kidnapping, or hostage-taking.
(2) Admitted.--The term ``admitted'' has the meaning given
such term in section 101(a)(13)(A) of the Immigration and
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(13)(A)).
(3) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term
``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on
Financial Services of the House of Representatives; and
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on
Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate.
(4) Foreign state.--The term ``foreign state'' has the
meaning given such term in section 1603 of title 28, United
States Code.
(5) Humanitarian aid.--The term ``humanitarian aid'' means
food, medicine, and medical supplies.
(6) Material support.--The term ``material support'' has
the meaning given the term ``material support or resources''
in section 2339A of title 18, United States Code.
(7) United states person.--The term ``United States
person'' means--
(A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted
for permanent residence to the United States; or
(B) an entity organized under the laws of the United States
or of any jurisdiction within the United States, including a
foreign branch of such an entity.

DIVISION J--NO TECHNOLOGY FOR TERROR ACT

SEC. 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ``No Technology for Terror
Act''.

SEC. 2. APPLICATION OF FOREIGN-DIRECT PRODUCT RULES TO IRAN.

(a) In General.--Beginning on the date that is 90 days
after the date of the enactment of this Act, a foreign-
produced item shall be subject to the Export Administration
Regulations (pursuant to the Export Control Reform Act of
2018 (50 U.S.C. 4801 et seq.)) if the item--
(1) meets--
(A) the product scope requirements described in subsection
(b); and
(B) the destination scope requirements described in
subsection (c); and
(2) is exported, reexported, or in-country transferred to
Iran from abroad or involves the Government of Iran.
(b) Product Scope Requirements.--A foreign-produced item
meets the product scope requirements of this subsection if
the item--
(1) is a direct product of United States-origin technology
or software subject to the Export Administration Regulations
that is specified in a covered Export Control Classification
Number or is identified in supplement no. 7 to part 746 of
the Export Administration Regulations; or
(2) is produced by any plant or major component of a plant
that is located outside the United States, if the plant or
major component of a plant, whether made in the United States
or a foreign country, itself is a direct product of United
States-origin technology or software subject to the Export
Administration Regulations that is specified in a covered
Export Control Classification Number.
(c) Destination Scope Requirements.--A foreign-produced
item meets the destination scope requirements of this
subsection if there is knowledge that the foreign-produced
item is destined to Iran or will be incorporated into or used
in the production or development of any part, component, or
equipment subject to the Export Administration Regulations
and produced in or destined to Iran.
(d) License Requirements.--
(1) In general.--A license shall be required to export,
reexport, or in-country transfer a foreign-produced item from
abroad that meets the product scope requirements described in
subsection (b) and the destination scope requirements
described in subsection (c) and is subject to the Export
Administration Regulations pursuant to this section.
(2) Exceptions.--The license requirements of paragraph (1)
shall not apply to--
(A) food, medicine, or medical devices that are--
(i) designated as EAR99; or
(ii) not designated under or listed on the Commerce Control
List; or
(B) services, software, or hardware (other than services,
software, or hardware for end-users owned or controlled by
the Government of Iran) that are--
(i) necessarily and ordinarily incident to communications;
or
(ii) designated as--

(I) EAR99; or
(II) Export Control Classification Number 5A992.c or
5D992.c, and classified in accordance with section 740.17 of
title 15 Code of Federal Regulations; and

(iii) subject to a general license issued by the Department
of Commerce or Department of Treasury.
(e) National Interest Waiver.--The Secretary of Commerce
may waive the requirements imposed under this section if the
Secretary--
(1) determines that the waiver is in the national interests
of the United States; and
(2) submits to the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the
Committee on Financial Services of the House of
Representatives and to the Committee on Foreign Relations and
the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the
Senate a report explaining which requirements are being
waived and the reasons for the waiver.
(f) Sunset.--The authority provided under this section
shall terminate on the date that is 7 years after the date of
the enactment of this Act.
(g) Definitions.--In this section--
(1) the term ``Commerce Control List'' means the list
maintained pursuant to part 744 of the Export Administration
Regulations;
(2) the term ``covered Export Control Classification
Number'' means an Export Control Classification Number in
product group D or E of Category 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 of
the Commerce Control List;
(3) the terms ``Export Administration Regulations'',
``export'', ``reexport'', and ``in-country transfer'' have
the meanings given those terms in section 1742 of the Export
Control Reform Act of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 4801); and
(4) the terms ``direct product'', ``technology'',
``software'', ``major component'', ``knowledge'',
``production'', ``development'', ``part'', ``component'',
``equipment'', and ``government end users'' have the meanings
given those terms in section 734.9 or part 772 of the Export
Administration Regulations, as the case may be.

[[Page H2581]]

DIVISION K--STRENGTHENING TOOLS TO COUNTER THE USE OF HUMAN SHIELDS ACT

SEC. 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ``Strengthening Tools to
Counter the Use of Human Shields Act''.

SEC. 2. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

It shall be the policy of the United States to fully
implement and enforce sanctions against terrorist
organizations and other malign actors that use innocent
civilians as human shields.

SEC. 3. MODIFICATION AND EXTENSION OF SANCTIONING THE USE OF
CIVILIANS AS DEFENSELESS SHIELDS ACT.

(a) In General.--Section 3 of the Sanctioning the Use of
Civilians as Defenseless Shields Act (Public Law 115-348; 50
U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended--
(1) in subsection (b)--
(A) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (4); and
(B) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
``(3) Each foreign person that the President determines, on
or after the date of the enactment of the Strengthening Tools
to Counter the Use of Human Shields Act--
``(A) is a member of Palestine Islamic Jihad or is
knowingly acting on behalf of Palestine Islamic Jihad; and
``(B) knowingly orders, controls, or otherwise directs the
use of civilians protected as such by the law of war to
shield military objectives from attack.'';
(2) by redesignating subsections (e), (f), (g), (h), and
(i) as subsections (f), (g), (h), (i), and (j), respectively;
and
(3) by inserting after subsection (d) the following:
``(e) Congressional Requests.--Not later than 120 days
after receiving a request from the chairman and ranking
member of one of the appropriate congressional committees
with respect to whether a foreign person meets the criteria
of a person described in subsection (b) or (c), the President
shall--
``(1) determine if the person meets such criteria; and
``(2) submit a written justification to the chairman and
ranking member detailing whether or not the President imposed
or intends to impose sanctions described in subsection (b) or
(c) with respect to such person.''.
(b) Definitions.--Section 4 of the Sanctioning the Use of
Civilians as Defenseless Shields Act (Public Law 115-348; 50
U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended--
(1) by redesignating paragraph (7) as paragraph (8); and
(2) by inserting after paragraph (6) the following:
``(7) Palestine islamic jihad.--The term `Palestine Islamic
Jihad' means--
``(A) the entity known as Palestine Islamic Jihad and
designated by the Secretary of State as a foreign terrorist
organization pursuant to section 219 of the Immigration and
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189); or
``(B) any person identified as an agent or instrumentality
of Palestine Islamic Jihad on the list of specially
designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the
Office of Foreign Asset Control of the Department of the
Treasury, the property or interests in property of which are
blocked pursuant to the International Emergency Economic
Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.).''.
(c) Sunset.--Section 5 of the Sanctioning the Use of
Civilians as Defenseless Shields Act (Public Law 115-348; 50
U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended by striking ``December 31,
2023'' and inserting ``December 31, 2030''.
(d) Severability.--The Sanctioning the Use of Civilians as
Defenseless Shields Act (Public Law 115-348; 50 U.S.C. 1701
note) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 6. SEVERABILITY.

``If any provision of this Act, or the application of such
provision to any person or circumstance, is found to be
unconstitutional, the remainder of this Act, or the
application of that provision to other persons or
circumstances, shall not be affected.''.

SEC. 4. REPORT ON COUNTERING THE USE OF HUMAN SHIELDS.

(a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall
submit to the congressional defense committees, the Committee
on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, and the
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report that
contains the following:
(1) A description of the lessons learned from the United
States and its allies and partners in addressing the use of
human shields by terrorist organizations such as Hamas,
Hezbollah, Palestine Islamic Jihad, and any other
organization as determined by the Secretary of Defense.
(2) A description of a specific plan and actions being
taken by the Department of Defense to incorporate the lessons
learned as identified in paragraph (1) into Department of
Defense operating guidance, relevant capabilities, and
tactics, techniques, and procedures to deter, counter, and
address the challenge posed by the use of human shields and
hold accountable terrorist organizations for the use of human
shields.
(3) A description of specific measures being developed and
implemented by the United States Government to mobilize and
leverage allied nations, including member nations of the
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), to deter, counter,
and hold accountable terrorist organizations for the use of
human shields.
(4) The current status of joint exercises, doctrine
development, education, and training on countering the use of
human shields in multinational centers of excellence.
(5) The current status of participation of members of the
Armed Forces and Department of Defense civilian personnel in
any multinational center of excellence for the purposes of
countering the use of human shields.
(6) The feasibility and advisability of beginning or
continuing participation of members of the Armed Forces and
Department of Defense civilian personnel to promote the
integration of joint exercises, doctrine development,
education, and training on countering the use of human
shields into multinational centers of excellence.
(b) Definition.--In this section, the term ``multinational
center of excellence'' has the meaning given that term in
section 344 of title 10, United States Code.

SEC. 5. CONFRONTING ASYMMETRIC AND MALICIOUS CYBER
ACTIVITIES.

(a) In General.--On and after the date that is 180 days
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President
may impose the sanctions described in subsection (b) with
respect to any foreign person that the Secretary of the
Treasury, in consultation with the Attorney General and the
Secretary of State determine, on or after such date of
enactment--
(1) is responsible for or complicit in, or has engaged
knowingly in, significant cyber-enabled activities
originating from, or directed by persons located, in whole or
in substantial part, outside the United States that are
reasonably likely to result in, or have materially
contributed to, a significant threat to the national
security, foreign policy, or economic health or financial
stability of the United States;
(2) materially assisted, sponsored, or provided financial,
material, or technological support for, or goods or services
to or in support of, any activity described in this
subsection or any person whose property and interests in
property are blocked pursuant to this section;
(3) is owned or controlled by, or has acted or purported to
act for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, any person
whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant
to this section; or
(4) has attempted to engage in any of the activities
described in paragraph (1), (2), or (3).
(b) Sanctions Described.--The sanctions described in this
subsection are the following:
(1) Inadmissibility to united states.--In the case of an
alien--
(A) ineligibility to receive a visa to enter the United
States or to be admitted to the United States; or
(B) if the individual has been issued a visa or other
documentation, revocation, in accordance with section 221(i)
of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(i)), of
the visa or other documentation.
(2) Blocking of property.--The blocking, in accordance with
the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C.
1701 et seq.), of all transactions in all property and
interests in property of a foreign person if such property
and interests in property are in the United States, come
within the United States, or are or come within the
possession or control of a United States person.
(c) Requests by Appropriate Congressional Committees.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 120 days after receiving a
request that meets the requirements of paragraph (2) with
respect to whether a foreign person has engaged in an
activity described in subsection (a), the Secretary of the
Treasury, in consultation with the Attorney General and the
Secretary of State shall--
(A) determine if that person has engaged in such an
activity; and
(B) submit a classified or unclassified report to the
chairperson and ranking member of the committee or committees
that submitted the request with respect to that determination
that includes--
(i) a statement of whether or not the Secretary of the
Treasury, in consultation with the Attorney General and the
Secretary of State imposed or intends to impose sanctions
with respect to the person;
(ii) if the President imposed or intends to impose
sanctions, a description of those sanctions; and
(iii) if the President does not intend to impose sanctions,
a description of actions that meet the threshold for the
President to impose sanctions.
(2) Requirements.--A request under paragraph (1) with
respect to whether a foreign person has engaged in an
activity described in subsection (a) shall be submitted to
the President in writing jointly by the chairperson and
ranking member of one of the appropriate congressional
committees.
(d) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this
section, the term ``appropriate congressional committees''
means--
(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on
Financial Services, and the Committee on the Judiciary of the
House of Representatives; and
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on
the Judiciary, and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and
Urban Affairs of the Senate.

[[Page H2582]]

SEC. 6. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THREATS TO CURRENT OR
FORMER UNITED STATES OFFICIALS.

(a) In General.--On and after the date that is 180 days
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President
shall impose the sanctions described in subsection (b) with
respect to any foreign person the President determines has,
on or after such date of enactment, ordered, directed, or
taken material steps to carry out any use of violence or has
attempted or threatened to use violence against any current
or former official of the Government of the United States.
(b) Sanctions Described.--The sanctions described in this
subsection are the following:
(1) Inadmissibility to united states.--In the case of a
foreign person who is an individual--
(A) ineligibility to receive a visa to enter the United
States or to be admitted to the United States; or
(B) if the individual has been issued a visa or other
documentation, revocation, in accordance with section 221(i)
of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(i)), of
the visa or other documentation.
(2) Blocking of property.--The blocking, in accordance with
the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C.
1701 et seq.), of all transactions in all property and
interests in property of a foreign person if such property
and interests in property are in the United States, come
within the United States, or are or come within the
possession or control of a United States person.
(c) Enforcement of Blocking of Property.--A person that
violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or
causes a violation of a sanction described in subsection
(b)(2) that is imposed by the President or any regulation,
license, or order issued to carry out such a sanction shall
be subject to the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and
(c) of section 206 of the International Emergency Economic
Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person
that commits an unlawful act described in subsection (a) of
that section.
(d) Waiver.--The President may waive the application of
sanctions under this section for renewable periods not to
exceed 180 days if the President--
(1) determines that such a waiver is in the vital national
security interests of the United States; and
(2) not less than 15 days before the granting of the
waiver, submits to the appropriate congressional committees a
notice of and justification for the waiver.
(e) Termination and Sunset.--
(1) Termination of sanctions.--The President may terminate
the application of sanctions under this section with respect
to a person if the President determines and reports to the
appropriate congressional committees not later than 15 days
before the termination of the sanctions that--
(A) credible information exists that the person did not
engage in the activity for which sanctions were imposed;
(B) the person has credibly demonstrated a significant
change in behavior, has paid an appropriate consequence for
the activity for which sanctions were imposed, and has
credibly committed to not engage in an activity described in
subsection (a) in the future; or
(C) the termination of the sanctions is in the vital
national security interests of the United States.
(2) Sunset.--The requirement to impose sanctions under this
section shall terminate on the date that is 4 years after the
date of the enactment of this Act.
(f) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this
section, the term ``appropriate congressional committees''
means--
(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on
the Judiciary; and
(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on
the Judiciary.

DIVISION L--ILLICIT CAPTAGON TRAFFICKING SUPPRESSION ACT

SEC. 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ``Illicit Captagon Trafficking
Suppression Act of 2023''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress finds the following:
(1) Industrial scale production of the amphetamine-type
stimulant also known as captagon, and the illicit production
of precursor chemicals, in territories held by the regime of
President Bashar al Assad in Syria are becoming more
sophisticated and pose a severe challenge to regional and
international security.
(2) Elements of the Government of Syria are key drivers of
illicit trafficking in captagon, with ministerial-level
complicity in production and smuggling, using other armed
groups such as Hizballah for technical and logistical support
in captagon production and trafficking.
(3) As affiliates of the Government of Syria and other
actors seek to export captagon, they undermine regional
security by empowering a broad range of criminal networks,
militant groups, mafia syndicates, and autocratic
governments.

SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

It is the policy of the United States to target
individuals, entities, and networks associated with the
Government of Syria to dismantle and degrade the
transnational criminal organizations, including narcotics
trafficking networks, associated with the regime of President
Bashar al Assad in Syria and Hizballah.

SEC. 4. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO ILLICIT
CAPTAGON TRAFFICKING.

(a) In General.--The sanctions described in subsection (b)
shall be imposed with respect to any foreign person the
President determines, on or after the date of enactment of
this Act--
(1) engages in, or attempts to engage in, activities or
transactions that have materially contributed to, or pose a
significant risk of materially contributing to, the illicit
production and international illicit proliferation of
captagon; or
(2) knowingly receives any property or interest in property
that the foreign person knows--
(A) constitutes or is derived from proceeds of activities
or transactions that have materially contributed to, or pose
a significant risk of materially contributing to, the illicit
production and international illicit proliferation of
captagon; or
(B) was used or intended to be used to commit or to
facilitate activities or transactions that have materially
contributed to, or pose a significant risk of materially
contributing to, the illicit production and international
illicit proliferation of captagon.
(b) Sanctions Described.--The sanctions described in this
subsection are the following:
(1) Blocking of property.--The President shall exercise all
authorities granted under the International Emergency
Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the extent
necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in property
and interests in property of the foreign person if such
property and interests in property are in the United States,
come within the United States, or come within the possession
or control of a United States person.
(2) Ineligibility for visas, admission, or parole.--
(A) Visas, admission, or parole.--An alien described in
subsection (a) shall be--
(i) inadmissible to the United States;
(ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other documentation to
enter the United States; and
(iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted or paroled into
the United States or to receive any other benefit under the
Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.).
(B) Current visas revoked.--
(i) In general.--The visa or other entry documentation of
any alien described in subsection (a) is subject to
revocation regardless of the issue date of the visa or other
entry documentation.
(ii) Immediate effect.--A revocation under clause (i)
shall, in accordance with section 221(i) of the Immigration
and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(i))--

(I) take effect immediately; and
(II) cancel any other valid visa or entry documentation
that is in the possession of the alien.

(c) Penalties.--Any person that violates, or attempts to
violate, subsection (b) or any regulation, license, or order
issued pursuant to that subsection, shall be subject to the
penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206
of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C.
1705) to the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful
act described in subsection (a) of that section.
(d) Waiver.--
(1) In general.--The President may waive the application of
sanctions under this section with respect to a foreign person
only if, not later than 15 days prior to the date on which
the waiver is to take effect, the President submits to the
appropriate congressional committees a written determination
and justification that the waiver is important to the
national security interests of the United States.
(2) Briefing.--Not later than 60 days after the issuance of
a waiver under paragraph (1), and every 180 days thereafter
while the waiver remains in effect, the President shall brief
the appropriate congressional committees on the reasons for
the waiver.
(e) Implementation.--The President may exercise all
authorities provided under sections 203 and 205 of the
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702
and 1704) to carry out this section.
(f) Regulations.--
(1) In general.--The President shall, not later than 120
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, promulgate
regulations as necessary for the implementation of this
section.
(2) Notification to congress.--Not later than 10 days
before the promulgation of regulations under this subsection,
the President shall notify the appropriate congressional
committees of the proposed regulations and the provisions of
this section that the regulations are implementing.
(g) Exceptions.--
(1) Exception for intelligence activities.--Sanctions under
this section shall not apply to any activity subject to the
reporting requirements under title V of the National Security
Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.) or any authorized
intelligence activities of the United States.
(2) Exception to comply with international obligations and
for law enforcement activities.--Sanctions under this section
shall not apply with respect to an alien if admitting or
paroling the alien into the United States is necessary--
(A) to permit the United States to comply with the
Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations,
signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into

[[Page H2583]]

force November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the
United States, or other applicable international obligations;
or
(B) to carry out or assist authorized law enforcement
activity in the United States.
(3) Humanitarian assistance.--
(A) In general.--Sanctions under this Act shall not apply
to--
(i) the conduct or facilitation of a transaction for the
provision of agricultural commodities, food, medicine,
medical devices, humanitarian assistance, or for humanitarian
purposes; or
(ii) transactions that are necessary for or related to the
activities described in clause (i).
(B) Definitions.--In this subsection:
(i) Agricultural commodity.--The term ``agricultural
commodity'' has the meaning given that term in section 102 of
the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5602).
(ii) Medical device.--The term ``medical device'' has the
meaning given the term ``device'' in section 201 of the
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321).
(iii) Medicine.--The term ``medicine'' has the meaning
given the term ``drug'' in section 201 of the Federal Food,
Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321).

SEC. 5. DETERMINATIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE GOVERNMENT OF
SYRIA, HIZBALLAH, AND NETWORKS AFFILIATED WITH
THE GOVERNMENT OF SYRIA OR HIZBALLAH.

(a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, the President shall--
(1) determine whether each foreign person described in
subsection (b) meets the criteria for sanctions under this
Act; and
(2) submit to the appropriate congressional committees a
report containing--
(A) a list of all foreign persons described in subsection
(b) that meet the criteria for imposition of sanctions under
this Act;
(B) for each foreign person identified pursuant to
subparagraph (A), a statement of whether sanctions have been
imposed or will be imposed within 30 days of the submission
of the report; and
(C) with respect to any person identified pursuant to
subparagraph (A) for whom sanctions have not been imposed and
will not be imposed within 30 days of the submission of the
report, the specific authority under which otherwise
applicable sanctions are being waived, have otherwise been
determined not to apply, or are not being imposed and a
complete justification of the decision to waive or otherwise
not apply such sanctions.
(b) Foreign Persons Described.--The foreign persons
described in this subsection are the following:
(1) Maher Al Assad.
(2) Imad Abu Zureiq.
(3) Amer Taysir Khiti.
(4) Taher al-Kayyali.
(5) Raji Falhout.
(6) Mohammed Asif Issa Shalish.
(7) Abdellatif Hamid.
(8) Mustafa Al Masalmeh.

SEC. 6. DEFINITIONS.

In this Act:
(1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term
``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on
Financial Services, and the Committee on the Judiciary of the
House of Representatives; and
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on
Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, and the Committee on the
Judiciary of the Senate.
(2) Captagon.--The term ``captagon'' means any compound,
mixture, or preparation which contains any quantity of a
stimulant in schedule I or II of section 202 of the
Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 812), including--
(A) amphetamine, methamphetamine, and fenethylline;
(B) any immediate precursor or controlled substance
analogue of such a stimulant, as defined in section 102 of
the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802); and
(C) any isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of
isomers, esters, and ethers of such a stimulant, whenever the
existence of such isomers, esters, ethers, and salts is
possible within the specific chemical designation.
(3) Foreign person.--The term ``foreign person''--
(A) means an individual or entity that is not a United
States person; and
(B) includes a foreign state (as such term is defined in
section 1603 of title 28, United States Code).
(4) Illicit proliferation.--The term ``illicit
proliferation'' refers to any illicit activity to produce,
manufacture, distribute, sell, or knowingly finance or
transport.
(5) Knowingly.--The term ``knowingly'' has the meaning
given that term in section 14 of the Iran Sanctions Act of
1996 (Public Law 104-172; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note).
(6) United states person.--The term ``United States
person'' means--
(A) a United States citizen;
(B) a permanent resident alien of the United States;
(C) an entity organized under the laws of the United States
or of any jurisdiction within the United States, including a
foreign branch of such an entity; or
(D) a person in the United States.

DIVISION M--END FINANCING FOR HAMAS AND STATE SPONSORS OF TERRORISM ACT

SEC. 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ``End Financing for Hamas and
State Sponsors of Terrorism Act''.

SEC. 2. REPORT ON FINANCING FOR HAMAS.

Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of
this Act, the Secretary of the Treasury shall submit to the
Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Financial
Services of the House of Representatives and to the Committee
on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Banking, Housing,
and Urban Affairs of the Senate a report (which shall be in
unclassified form but may include a classified annex) that
includes--
(1) an analysis of the major sources of financing to Hamas;
(2) a description of United States and multilateral efforts
to disrupt illicit financial flows involving Hamas;
(3) an evaluation of United States efforts to undermine the
ability of Hamas to finance armed hostilities against Israel;
and
(4) an implementation plan with respect to the multilateral
strategy described in section 3.

SEC. 3. MULTILATERAL STRATEGY TO DISRUPT HAMAS FINANCING.

The Secretary of the Treasury, through participation in the
G7, and other appropriate fora, shall develop a strategy in
coordination with United States allies and partners to ensure
that Hamas is incapable of financing armed hostilities
against Israel.

DIVISION N--HOLDING IRANIAN LEADERS ACCOUNTABLE ACT

SEC. 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ``Holding Iranian Leaders
Accountable Act of 2024''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

The Congress finds the following:
(1) Iran is characterized by high levels of official and
institutional corruption, and substantial involvement by
Iran's security forces, particularly the Islamic
Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), in the economy.
(2) The Department of Treasury in 2019 designated the
Islamic Republic of Iran's financial sector as a jurisdiction
of primary money laundering concern, concluding, ``Iran has
developed covert methods for accessing the international
financial system and pursuing its malign activities,
including misusing banks and exchange houses, operating
procurement networks that utilize front or shell companies,
exploiting commercial shipping, and masking illicit
transactions using senior officials, including those at the
Central Bank of Iran (CBI).''.
(3) In June 2019, the Financial Action Task Force (FATF)
urged all jurisdictions to require increased supervisory
examination for branches and subsidiaries of financial
institutions based in Iran. The FATF later called upon its
members to introduce enhanced relevant reporting mechanisms
or systematic reporting of financial transactions, and
require increased external audit requirements, for financial
groups with respect to any of their branches and subsidiaries
located in Iran.
(4) According to the State Department's ``Country Reports
on Terrorism'' in 2021, ``Iran continued to be the leading
state sponsor of terrorism, facilitating a wide range of
terrorist and other illicit activities around the world.
Regionally, Iran supported acts of terrorism in Bahrain,
Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, and Yemen through proxies and partner
groups such as Hizballah and Hamas.''.

SEC. 3. REPORT ON FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND ASSETS CONNECTED
TO CERTAIN IRANIAN OFFICIALS.

(a) Financial Institutions and Assets Report.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, and every 2 years thereafter, the
President shall submit a report to the appropriate Members of
Congress containing--
(A) the estimated total funds or assets that are under
direct or indirect control by each of the natural persons
described under subsection (b), and a description of such
funds or assets, except that the President may limit coverage
of the report to not fewer than 5 of such natural persons in
order to meet the submission deadline described under this
paragraph;
(B) a description of how such funds or assets were
acquired, and how they have been used or employed;
(C) a list of any non-Iranian financial institutions that--
(i) maintain an account in connection with funds or assets
described in subparagraph (A); or
(ii) knowingly provide significant financial services to a
natural person covered by the report; and
(D) a description of any illicit or corrupt means employed
to acquire or use such funds or assets.
(2) Exemptions.--The requirements described under paragraph
(1) may not be applied with respect to a natural person or a
financial institution, as the case may be, if the President
determines:
(A) The funds or assets described under subparagraph (A) of
paragraph (1) were acquired through legal or noncorrupt
means.
(B) The natural person has agreed to provide significant
cooperation to the United States for an important national
security or law enforcement purpose with respect to Iran.
(C) A financial institution that would otherwise be listed
in the report required by paragraph (1) has agreed to--
(i) no longer maintain an account described under
subparagraph (C)(i) of paragraph (1);

[[Page H2584]]

(ii) no longer provide significant financial services to a
natural person covered by the report; or
(iii) provide significant cooperation to the United States
for an important national security or law enforcement purpose
with respect to Iran.
(3) Waiver.--The President may waive for up to 1 year at a
time any requirement under paragraph (1) with respect to a
natural person or a financial institution after reporting in
writing to the appropriate Members of Congress that the
waiver is in the national interest of the United States, with
a detailed explanation of the reasons therefor.
(b) Persons Described.--The natural persons described in
this subsection are the following:
(1) The Supreme Leader of Iran.
(2) The President of Iran.
(3) The members of the Council of Guardians.
(4) The members of the Expediency Council.
(5) The Minister of Intelligence and Security.
(6) The Commander and the Deputy Commander of the IRGC.
(7) The Commander and the Deputy Commander of the IRGC
Ground Forces.
(8) The Commander and the Deputy Commander of the IRGC
Aerospace Force.
(9) The Commander and the Deputy Commander of the IRGC
Navy.
(10) The Commander of the Basij-e Mostaz'afin.
(11) The Commander of the Qods Force.
(12) The Commander in Chief of the Police Force.
(13) The head of the IRGC Joint Staff.
(14) The Commander of the IRGC Intelligence.
(15) The head of the IRGC Imam Hussein University.
(16) The Supreme Leader's Representative at the IRGC.
(17) The Chief Executive Officer and the Chairman of the
IRGC Cooperative Foundation.
(18) The Commander of the Khatam-al-Anbia Construction Head
Quarter.
(19) The Chief Executive Officer of the Basij Cooperative
Foundation.
(20) The head of the Political Bureau of the IRGC.
(21) The senior leadership as determined by the President
of the following groups:
(A) Hizballah.
(B) Hamas.
(C) Palestinian Islamic Jihad.
(D) Kata'ib Hizballah.
(c) Form of Report; Public Availability.--
(1) Form.--The report required under subsection (a) and any
waiver under subsection (a)(3) shall be submitted in
unclassified form but may contain a classified annex.
(2) Public availability.--The Secretary shall make the
unclassified portion of such report public if the Secretary
notifies the appropriate Members of Congress that the
publication is in the national interest of the United States
and would substantially promote--
(A) deterring or sanctioning official corruption in Iran;
(B) holding natural persons or financial institutions
listed in the report accountable to the people of Iran;
(C) combating money laundering or the financing of
terrorism; or
(D) achieving any other strategic objective with respect to
the Government of Iran.
(3) Format of publicly available reports.--If the Secretary
makes the unclassified portion of a report public pursuant to
paragraph (2), the Secretary shall make it available to the
public on the website of the Department of the Treasury--
(A) in English, Farsi, Arabic, and Azeri; and
(B) in precompressed, easily downloadable versions that are
made available in all appropriate formats.

SEC. 4. RESTRICTIONS ON CERTAIN FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS.

(a) In General.--Not later than the date that is 90 days
after submitting a report described under section 3(a)(1),
the Secretary shall undertake the following with respect to a
financial institution that is described under section
3(a)(1)(C) and listed in the report:
(1) If the financial institution is a United States
financial institution, require the closure of any account
described in section 3(a)(1)(C)(i), and prohibit the
provision of significant financial services, directly or
indirectly, to a natural person covered by the report.
(2) If the financial institution is a foreign financial
institution, actively seek the closure of any account
described in section 3(a)(1)(C)(i), and the cessation of
significant financial services to a natural person covered by
the report, using any existing authorities of the Secretary,
as appropriate.
(b) Suspension.--The Secretary may suspend the application
of subsection (a) with respect to a financial institution
upon reporting to the appropriate Members of Congress that
the suspension is in the national interest of the United
States, with a detailed explanation of the reasons therefor.

SEC. 5. EXCEPTIONS FOR NATIONAL SECURITY; IMPLEMENTATION
AUTHORITY.

The following activities shall be exempt from requirements
under sections 3 and 4:
(1) Any activity subject to the reporting requirements
under title V of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C.
3091 et seq.), or to any authorized intelligence activities
of the United States.
(2) The admission of an alien to the United States if such
admission is necessary to comply with United States
obligations under the Agreement between the United Nations
and the United States of America regarding the Headquarters
of the United Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947,
and entered into force November 21, 1947, or under the
Convention on Consular Relations, done at Vienna April 24,
1963, and entered into force March 19, 1967, or other
applicable international obligations of the United States.
(3) The conduct or facilitation of a transaction for the
sale of agricultural commodities, food, medicine, or medical
devices to Iran or for the provision of humanitarian
assistance to the people of Iran, including engaging in a
financial transaction relating to humanitarian assistance or
for humanitarian purposes or transporting goods or services
that are necessary to carry out operations relating to
humanitarian assistance or humanitarian purposes.

SEC. 6. SUNSET.

The provisions of this Act shall have no force or effect on
the earlier of--
(1) the date that is 5 years after the date of enactment of
this Act; or
(2) 30 days after the Secretary reports in writing to the
appropriate Members of Congress that--
(A) Iran is not a jurisdiction of primary money laundering
concern; or
(B) the Government of Iran is providing significant
cooperation to the United States for the purpose of
preventing acts of international terrorism, or for the
promotion of any other strategic objective that is important
to the national interest of the United States, as specified
in the report by the Secretary.

SEC. 7. DEFINITIONS.

For purposes of this Act:
(1) Appropriate members of congress.--The term
``appropriate Members of Congress'' means the Speaker and
Minority Leader of the House of Representatives, the Majority
Leader and Minority Leader of the Senate, the Chairman and
Ranking Member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the
Committee on Financial Services of the House of
Representatives, and the Chairman and Ranking Member of the
Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Banking,
Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate.
(2) Financial institution.--The term ``financial
institution'' means a United States financial institution or
a foreign financial institution.
(3) Foreign financial institution.--The term ``foreign
financial institution'' has the meaning given that term in
section 561.308 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations.
(4) Funds.--The term ``funds'' means--
(A) cash;
(B) equity;
(C) any other asset whose value is derived from a
contractual claim, including bank deposits, bonds, stocks, a
security as defined in section 2(a) of the Securities Act of
1933 (15 U.S.C. 77b(a)), or a security or an equity security
as defined in section 3(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 (15 U.S.C. 78c(a)); and
(D) anything else that the Secretary determines
appropriate.
(5) Knowingly.--The term ``knowingly'' with respect to
conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has
actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the
circumstance, or the result.
(6) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
of the Treasury.
(7) United states financial institution.--The term ``United
States financial institution'' has the meaning given the term
``U.S. financial institution'' under section 561.309 of title
31, Code of Federal Regulations.

DIVISION O--IRAN-CHINA ENERGY SANCTIONS ACT OF 2023

SEC. 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ``Iran-China Energy Sanctions
Act of 2023''.

SEC. 2. SANCTIONS ON FOREIGN FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS WITH
RESPECT TO THE PURCHASE OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
AND UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES FROM IRAN.

Section 1245(d) of the National Defense Authorization Act
for Fiscal Year 2012 (22 U.S.C. 8513a(d)) is amended--
(1) by redesignating paragraph (5) as paragraph (6); and
(2) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following new
paragraph:
``(5) Applicability of sanctions with respect to chinese
financial institutions.--
``(A) In general.--For the purpose of paragraph (1)(A), a
`significant financial transaction' shall include, based on
relevant facts and circumstances, any transaction--
``(i) by a Chinese financial institution (without regard to
the size, number, frequency, or nature of the transaction)
involving the purchase of petroleum or petroleum products
from Iran; and
``(ii) by a foreign financial institution (without regard
to the size, number, frequency, or nature of the transaction)
involving the purchase of Iranian unmanned aerial vehicles
(UAVs), UAV parts, or related systems.
``(B) Determination required.--Not later than 180 days
after the date of the enactment of this paragraph and every
year thereafter for 5 years, the President shall--
``(i) determine whether any--

[[Page H2585]]

``(I) Chinese financial institution has engaged in a
significant financial transaction as described in paragraph
(1)(A)(i); and
``(II) financial institution has engaged in a significant
financial transaction as described in paragraph (1)(A)(ii);
and

``(ii) transmit the determination under clause (i) to the
Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Financial
Services of the House of Representatives and to the Committee
on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Banking, Housing,
and Urban Affairs of the Senate.''.

DIVISION P--BUDGETARY EFFECTS

SEC. 1. BUDGETARY EFFECTS.

(a) Statutory PAYGO Scorecards.--The budgetary effects of
division A and each subsequent division of this Act shall not
be entered on either PAYGO scorecard maintained pursuant to
section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010.
(b) Senate PAYGO Scorecards.--The budgetary effects of
division A and each subsequent division of this Act shall not
be entered on any PAYGO scorecard maintained for purposes of
section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 (115th Congress).
(c) Classification of Budgetary Effects.--Notwithstanding
Rule 3 of the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the
joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference
accompanying Conference Report 105-217 and section 250(c)(8)
of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of
1985, the budgetary effects of division A and each subsequent
division of this Act shall not be estimated--
(1) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
(2) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee on
Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the
Congressional Budget Act of 1974; and
(3) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3 of the
Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being included in an
appropriation Act.

The CHAIR. No further amendment to the bill, as amended, shall be in
order except those printed in part E of House Report 118-466. Each such
further amendment may be offered only in the order printed in the
report, by the Member designated in the report, shall be considered as
read, shall be debatable for the time specified in the report, equally
divided and controlled by the proponent and an opponent, shall not be
subject to amendment, and shall not be subject to a demand for division
of the question.

Amendment No. 1 Offered by Mr. Gimenez

The CHAIR. It is now in order to consider amendment No. 1 printed in
part E of House Report 118-466.
Mr. GIMENEZ. Madam Chair, I have an amendment at the desk.
The CHAIR. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:

At the end of division C, add the following:

SEC. __. INCLUSION OF INFORMATION ON EMERGING TECHNOLOGICAL
DEVELOPMENTS IN ANNUAL CHINA MILITARY POWER
REPORT.

(a) In General.--As part of each annual report submitted
under section 1202 of the National Defense Authorization Act
for Fiscal Year 2000 (Public Law 106-65; 10 U.S.C. 113
note)(commonly referred to as the ``China Military Power
report''), the Secretary of Defense and Secretary of State,
in consultation with the heads of such other Federal
departments and agencies as the Secretary of Defense and
Secretary of State may determine appropriate, shall include a
component on emerging technological developments involving
the People's Republic of China.
(b) Matters.--Each report component referred to in
subsection (a) shall include an identification and assessment
of at least five fields of critical or emerging technologies
in which the People's Liberation Army is invested, or for
which there are Military-Civil Fusion Development Strategy
programs of the People's Republic of China, including the
following:
(1) A brief summary of each such identified field and its
relevance to the military power and national security of the
People's Republic of China.
(2) The implications for the national security of the
United States as a result of the leadership or dominance by
the People's Republic of China in each such identified field
and associated supply chains.
(3) The identification of at least 10 entities domiciled
in, controlled by, or directed by the People's Republic of
China (including any subsidiaries of such entity), involved
in each such identified field, and an assessment of, with
respect to each such entity, the following:
(A) Whether the entity has procured components from any
known United States suppliers.
(B) Whether any United States technology imported by the
entity is controlled under United States regulations.
(C) Whether United States capital is invested in the
entity, either through known direct investment or passive
investment flows.
(D) Whether the entity has any connection to the People's
Liberation Army, the Military-Civil Fusion program of the
People's Republic of China, or any other state-sponsored
initiatives of the People's Republic of China to support the
development of national champions.
(c) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this
section, the term ``appropriate congressional committees''
means--
(1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of
Representatives;
(2) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of
Representatives;
(3) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; and
(4) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate.

The CHAIR. Pursuant to House Resolution 1160, the gentleman from
Florida (Mr. Gimenez) and a Member opposed each will control 5 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Florida.
Mr. GIMENEZ. Madam Chair, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Madam Chair, be it through technology transfers or monetary
investments, we must stop funding our own destruction through tacit
support of the PLA's technological advancement.
This amendment requires the annual China Military Power Report to
provide an assessment of the PRC's development in critical and emerging
technologies, relevant to any advancement of the PLA capabilities, any
involvement in the CCP's Military-Civil Fusion program, or any
involvement in the development of the CCP's state surveillance
initiatives.
This amendment also calls on the Department of Defense, the
Department of State, and other interagency partners to list all Chinese
companies involved in the development of this critical technology and
determine if any U.S. technology components are used by these companies
or if any U.S. capital is invested in these companies.
This is critical information to have. American dollars and ingenuity
should not be building the CCP's techno-totalitarian surveillance state
and should not be funding its gross human rights abuses. We must
recognize the risk of support for entities involved in Xi's Military-
Civil Fusion program and understand any technological development made
in China on the civil side instantly goes to support military
advancements.
Right now, Americans--usually unwittingly--are funding the People's
Liberation Army, paying for things like aircraft carriers, fighter
jets, and artillery shells, and facilitating a mass surveillance and
oppression of the Chinese people.
I think the bottom line, from my perspective, is that the CCP is an
adversary, and you don't defeat an adversary or deter an adversary by
shoveling billions of dollars into their military and technology
programs. Every time we allow this to happen, we are closing the
capability gap between our military and the PLA, giving the upper hand
to our greatest adversary, the only country with the intent, will, and
capability to reshape the international order, and that is China.
Madam Chair, I now yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Illinois
(Mr. Krishnamoorthi), the ranking member of the Select Committee on the
CCP.
Mr. KRISHNAMOORTHI. Madam Chair, I rise in strong support of this
amendment, which requires the China Military Power Report, which the
Department of Defense puts out each year to include a new section on
the PRC's development of critical and emerging technologies. Through
its Military-Civil Fusion strategy, the CCP has effectively combined
its civilian and military sectors, meaning that American investment
into China often finds its way into the hands of the People's
Liberation Army.
We simply cannot allow this to happen. By tracking the PRC's
development of critical technologies, as well as any American support
for these efforts, this amendment will help prevent the power of
American innovation and financing from fueling the continued growth of
China's military power.
Madam Chair, I urge strong support for this amendment.
Mr. GIMENEZ. Madam Chair, I yield 30 seconds to the gentleman from
Texas (Mr. McCaul).
Mr. McCAUL. Madam Chair, I support this amendment. I believe it will
greatly enhance the Department of Defense's China Military Power Report
by increasing our understanding of China's critical and emerging
technology sector, which is a central feature of the great power
competition that we have with China.

[[Page H2586]]

I thank the gentleman for bringing this amendment.

{time} 0945

Mr. GIMENEZ. Madam Chair, in closing, the PRC is the only competitor
with the intent, the will, and the capability to reshape the
international order. We must stop fueling our own demise.
Madam Chair, I urge support of this amendment, and I yield back the
balance of my time.
The CHAIR. The question is on the amendment offered by the gentleman
from Florida (Mr. Gimenez).
The amendment was agreed to.

Amendment No. 2 Offered by Mr. Nunn of Iowa

The CHAIR. It is now in order to consider amendment No. 2 printed in
part E of House Report 118-466.
Mr. NUNN of Iowa. Madam Chair, I have an amendment at the desk.
The CHAIR. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:

At the appropriate place in section 3 of division N, insert
the following:
(_) Report and Briefing on Iranian Assets and Licenses.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 30 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Treasury
shall submit to the appropriate members of Congress a report
and provide to the appropriate congressional committees a
briefing--
(A) identifying--
(i) all assets of the Government of Iran or covered persons
valued at more than $5,000,000 and blocked by the United
States pursuant to any provision of law; and
(ii) for each such asset--

(I) the country in which the asset is held;
(II) the financial institution in which the asset is held;
and
(III) the approximate value of the asset; and

(B) setting forth a list of all general licenses, specific
licenses, action letters, comfort letters, statements of
licensing policy, answers to frequently asked questions, or
other exemptions issued by the Secretary with respect to
sanctions relating to Iran that are in effect as of the date
of the report.
(2) Form.--
(A) Assets.--The report and briefing required by paragraph
(1) shall be submitted or provided, as the case may be, in
unclassified form.
(B) Exemptions.--The report and briefing required by
paragraph (1) shall be submitted or provided, as the case may
be, in classified form.
(3) Covered person defined.--In this section, the term
``covered person'' means--
(A) an individual who is a citizen or national of Iran and
is acting on behalf of the Government of Iran;
(B) an entity organized under the laws of Iran or otherwise
subject to the jurisdiction of the Government of Iran; and
(C) an individual or entity that provides material,
tactical, operational, developmental, or financial support
to--
(i) the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps;
(ii) any agency or instrumentality of the armed forces of
Iran;
(iii) any agency or instrumentality related to the nuclear
program of Iran; or
(iv) any organization designated as a foreign terrorist
organization under section 219 of the Immigration and
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189), including Hamas, Hezbollah,
Palestinian Islamic Jihad, alQa'ida, and al-Shabaab.

The CHAIR. Pursuant to House Resolution 1160, the gentleman from Iowa
(Mr. Nunn) and a Member opposed each will control 5 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Iowa.
Mr. NUNN of Iowa. Madam Chair, I yield myself such time as I may
consume.
Iran is the largest sponsor of state terrorism. Their tactics of
terror know no bounds, and they will stop at nothing to destroy our
strongest allies in the Middle East.
Indeed a week ago today, we saw them unleash a barrage of weapons
intended to kill thousands: Christians, Jews, Muslims. No discretion in
between, but for a 99 percent repulse rate by Israel, America, and our
allies, we stood firm.
This isn't a kinetic world. As an Air Force officer, we have done
this many times, but we must also combat terrorism at its source: its
funding.
As a counterintelligence officer, I know the enemy must be fought on
the battlefield. But behind the scenes, we must also commit to
crippling them with their lack of ability to gain financial services
that they then supply the funding for Hamas, Hezbollah, Houthi rebels,
and the IRGC.
My amendment will require the U.S. Government to diligently review
all of Iranian assets above $5 million to accurately understand where
their funding is coming from, where it is going, and who is benefiting
from it.
Right now, Congress lacks critical information surrounding U.S.
Treasury's nonenforcement of current sanctions. It will allow more than
$80 billion in illicit oil sales alone to come into this country.
This amendment requires transparency so Congress and the American
people never have to hear about billions potentially being transferred
to Iran through the press and not through this administration.
This amendment also gives Congress knowledge that we require to
effectively ensure oversight and draft targeted legislation to ensure
the Iranian regime doesn't have access to the funds necessary for it to
finance terror.
Finally, this amendment holds Iran directly accountable for their
direct funding of terrorism, ensuring that Iran does not have access to
the financial assets to enable their reign of terror throughout the
Middle East and to those right here in the United States.
Madam Chair, I urge my colleagues to support this amendment.
Congress must be aware of Treasury Department's relaxation and
nonenforcement of current sanctions on Iran today, and this amendment
should be implemented immediately.
Madam Chair, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. MEEKS. Madam Chair, I claim the time in opposition to this
amendment.
The CHAIR. The gentleman from New York is recognized for 5 minutes.
Mr. MEEKS. Madam Chair, the Treasury opposes this amendment because
they believe the reporting time is so short, and the requirements are
so onerous. They believe it is so onerous that they will have to pull
people away from doing the important work on finding illicit actors
that should be sanctioned and make them work on this report.
There are also concerns about business confidentiality here. I am
guessing, if there were more time, we could make changes in this bill.
We could work together to make it more workable and strike a deal here.
But given that this is an up-or-down vote on the floor for an amendment
now, I must oppose.
Madam Chair, I yield back the balance of my time.
Mr. NUNN of Iowa. Madam Chair, I appreciate the gentleman's comments.
I would state the Constitution establishes Congress as a coequal
branch. Time delays alone cannot be the reason to not move forward
immediately.
Madam Chair, I yield 30 seconds to the gentleman from Texas (Mr.
McCaul) for his great work in defending Israel and supporting a
sanction regime in Iran.
Mr. McCAUL. Madam Chair, I thank the gentleman from Iowa for this
amendment, and I support this amendment. It enhances congressional
oversight as he talked about. Under Article I, we have a responsibility
over restricted Iranian assets and accounts, including those in Qatar
and Iraq.
For too long, this administration has not been transparent with the
Congress and the American people about sanctions and the like in
reporting that to Congress, so I think this is a good step forward.
Mr. NUNN of Iowa. Madam Chair, I yield 30 seconds to the gentleman
from Arkansas (Mr. Hill).
Mr. HILL. Madam Chair, I thank Mr. Nunn and Chairman McCaul for their
leadership.
Madam Chair, I stand in support of this amendment. We have to counter
Iran's illicit use of funds any way we can to stop their reign of
terror and their attack on our ally, Israel. The key to that is
stopping their invasion of sanctions. These funds go directly to
attacking our friends and partners, and Iran uses new and creative ways
to do that.
This amendment from Congressman Nunn ensures that we are stopping
funds at the source by instructing the Treasury Department to examine
the source and benefactor of all Iranian assets over $5 million.
Madam Chair, I stand in support of this amendment, and I stand in
support of the underlying bill.
Mr. NUNN of Iowa. Madam Chair, I yield 30 seconds to the gentleman
from New York (Mr. Lawler).
Mr. LAWLER. Madam Chair, I rise in support of this amendment, and I
am

[[Page H2587]]

proud to be a cosponsor of Representative Nunn's legislation, the
Revoke Iranian Funding Act, that this came out of. In the wake of the
appalling terrorist attack against Israel, it is clear that we must
work to confront Iran and its surrogates in the region with a strong
sanctions regime.
Iran is the largest state sponsor of terrorism in the world, spending
its money on terror, on developing nuclear capabilities, on taking
hostages to use for bargaining purposes, and on funding the criminal
IRGC.
Among other provisions, this commonsense measure would provide
transparency on which sanctions authorities the President is failing to
exercise and where we can continue to cut off Iran's funding.
Madam Chair, I urge all of my colleagues to support this amendment.
Mr. NUNN of Iowa. Madam Chair, I yield 30 seconds to the gentleman
from Nebraska (Mr. Bacon), my colleague and wing commander.
Mr. BACON. Madam Chair, I stand in support of this amendment.
We have to be clear-eyed. Iran is our adversary. They have killed 609
Americans in Iraq. They have fueled and energized or armed Hamas that
conducted the attacks on October 7. They armed the Hezbollah. They
armed the Houthis. We should go after all their assets. We should take
every dollar that we can because every dollar that they have fuels
terrorism.
Madam Chair, I stand in support of Mr. Nunn's amendment.
Mr. NUNN of Iowa. Madam Chair, today we stand at a crossroads on a
precipice.
The result is the effect of an Iranian regime that is directly
threatening not just our allies in the Middle East, but has access to
funds that directly threaten us.
While I respect my colleagues on the other side of the aisle, I would
ask that they come forward at this important juncture to make sure that
these funds are restricted from the use of terrorism that flows
directly to harm those American soldiers who lost their lives just
months ago, fellow veterans and combat in arms.
I thank the 9/11 Families, the Foundation for Defense Fund, and all
of those who have come forward to support this very important measure.
Madam Chair, I yield back the balance of my time.
The CHAIR. The question is on the amendment offered by the gentleman
from Iowa (Mr. Nunn).
The question was taken; and the Chair announced that the ayes
appeared to have it.
Mr. MEEKS. Madam Chair, I demand a recorded vote.
The CHAIR. Pursuant to clause 6 of rule XVIII, further proceedings on
the amendment offered by the gentleman from Iowa will be postponed.
Mr. McCAUL. Madam Chair, I move that the Committee do now rise.
The motion was agreed to.
Accordingly, the Committee rose; and the Speaker pro tempore (Ms.
Foxx) having assumed the chair, Mr. Moylan Chair of the Committee of
the Whole House on the state of the Union, reported that that
Committee, having had under consideration the bill (H.R. 8038) to
authorize the President to impose certain sanctions with respect to
Russia and Iran, and for other purposes, had come to no resolution
thereon.

____________________