Know your riverfront parks-- a historical and informational brochure

[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]

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KNOW YOUR RIVERFRONT PARKS...
A HISTORICAL AND INFORMATIONAL BROCHURE

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DETROIT
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A PROJECT OF THE
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INTRODUCTION

The Recreation Department is very proud of its expanding Riverfront Park System.
.Riverside Park Extension, The Free Press Easement, the bicycle routes and
proposed pathways, Hart Plaza, Grayhaven Marina, Chene Park, St. Aubin, Mt.
Elliott and Mariners Parksites are all new additions that have been added to
the system since 1970. Moreover, these parks represent a new focus of attention
in successful planning that enhances Detroit's most important natural resource,
the Detroit River. Not only do the parks highlight the Riverfront, they greatly
expand the range of experiences for our citizens by providing many new things
to do and places to see that are the direct result of refreshingly recent
undertakings. We invite the people to use and enjoy these fine new resources
as well as the older more established public spaces on the Riverfront.

The East Riverfront between Downtown and Belle Isle is an area that is under-
going extensive economic growth and revitalization. The Linked Riverfront
Parks project and 1984 addition of Chene Park as a major entertainment event
venue are the primary reason for growth in this area. These projects bave been
the catalyst for other commercial, residential and office developments such as
Harbor Place and Rivertown.

The purpose of this booklet is to present information about the entire system
of Riverfront Parks. Some information is presented about how each of the Parks
are used, what their important features are and how they relate to their neigh-
borhood. Historical and related interesting information are also presented to
provide a more complete context regarding their role in Detroit. Information on
Park activities is also included to provide a referance on their different uses
and activities.

The parks listed in this booklet start with Historic Fort Wayne and procede
eastward along the Detroit River to Mariners Parksite at the city limits near
the start of Lake St. Clair. Although each of the public places on this 10
mile route are listed separately, a brief summary of the Linked Riverfront
Parks concept and bike paths are included as an introductory clarification
prior to the discussion of St. Aubin, Chene Park and Mt. Elliott Parksite. It
should be noted that parksites are places which are going to be developed as
future parks.

Much of the material obtained in this booklet came from the property acquisition
records maintained by Mrs. Geraldine Lamb of the Recreation Department. Other
information was provided by the staff of the Burton Collection and the Municipal
Reference Library of the Detroit Public Library, and from the staff of the
Historical Department and Fort Wayne in particular. A final note of recognition
goes to the information booklet "Detroit Riverfront, People and Places of
Yesterday" by Kathryn Kozora.

FORT WAYNE:

ACREAGE 66.0 SHORELINE 2000 Year Built 1844 (Started)

Fort Wayne is located on the Detroit River at the foot of Livernois and is
administered by the Historical Department. This Historical site marks the
Western end of the city's public presence on the Riverfront.

Fort Wayne was named after General Anthony Wayne who was a Commanding Officer
during the Revolutionary War. General Wayne is best known however, for defeat-
ing the British backed Indians at the Battle of Fallen Timbers near Toledo,
Ohio. In 1796, he accepted the surrender of Detroit (and Michigan) from the
British who had held on to this piece of the North West Territory after the
War for American Independence.

Although several Forts had existed in Detroit since the early 1700's, the
current site of Fort Wayne was not built until 1844. This site was chosen
because of its commanding view of the Detroit River. The building of the Fort
was in response to increased tension between*the U.S. and Canada which period-
ically surfaced during the 1640@s. 1-4-1 is nice to know that these prob'lems
have since been resolved and good relations between the two countries have
existed since.

The Fort was first garrisoned by the 3rd, U.S. Cavalry in 1861 and was then
relieved by the 19th U.S. Infantry. They remained until 1865. During the
Civil War, Fort Wayne was used as an assembly point and a training facility.

During World War I, Fort Wayn became a motor supply and transit post; A role
that greatly expanded and continued through World War II. During the 1920's,
suspected Communists were interned at Fort Wayne during one of this country's
"red scares". Italian P.O.W.'s were also interned at Fort Wayne during World
War II.

During the Korean Conflict, Fort Wayne was used as an induction center; A role
it continued until 1967. The last military use was a Military Police Post and
a missile repair site starting in the late 19501s.

The actual Fort was deemed to the City of Detroit in 1950 as surplus federal
property with a public purpose restriction. Addition adjoining parcels were
obtained through surplus declaration between 1967 and 1976. Currently the
Army Corp of Engineers has property adjacent to the Fort.

Between 1968 and 1971, part of Fort Wayne was used as public housing for large
families whose space requirements exceeded traditional two bedroom offerings
available in other projects. Many of these families had been displaced during
the civil unrest in the summer of 1967.

In 1971 the Historical Department began the ongoing process of building renova-
tion at Fort Wayne. The current restoration philosophy features interpretive
history of the Fort and its military role is the region. In 1975, Fort Wayne
was designated as Detroit's principle Bi-Centennial project. In 1977 Fort
Wayne was officially opened to the Public as a designated historical site.

Some of the more recent renovation efforts include the restoration of the
Commanding Officer's Quarters and the Spanish-American guard house structure.
Fort Wayne has just received funding to develop the Tuskegee Airmen's Museum
that details the struggle of Black Air Officers to achieve equal status during
World War Il. This project is slated for completion in 1987.

Also located at Fort Wayne is the Indian Interpretive Center. This feature
includes 16 Galleries of Indian Artifacts and exhibits of Michigan Indian
Culture and is considered one of the best in the country.

Fort Wayne provides numerous special events during the warmer months. This
includes events such as Civil War Days, The Independence Day Concert, Black-
smith shows, artillery shows, its.Birthday Concert and an annual Art Show. In
1986, it will hold the annual Highland Games sponsored by the St. Andrews
Society. Summer flea markets are also scheduled at Fort Wayne for 1986.

Tours of Fort Wayne by costumed guides are avaialbe from May through Labor
D@@y, -From 9:110 A.M. thrOL[g@ 5:00 P.M., Wedresday through Sunday. There i s a
$1.00 charge for adults and 500 for children. During October, evening lantern
tours are provided on a reservation basis. Additional tours and events infor-
mation can be obtained by calling 297-9360 or 297-9364.

RIVERSIDE PARK

ACREAGE 19.9 SHORELINE 2070' ACQUIRED 1929, 1979

Because of its location on the West Riverfront, Riverside Park is used most
heavily during the warmer fishing months. It's features include a boat
launch facility, over 2000 feet of shore fishing, baseball diamonds, play-
ground equipment, a basketball court, picnic facilities and parking space.
An additional athletic complex was recently developed on the section just
North of the ramps. Riverside offers a unique look at the Ambassador Bridge,
downtown Detroit and the Detroit Port Facility. It is also the site of the
world's only floating Post Office: the J.W. Wescott II which provides mail
service to passing Great Lakes freighters.

Riverside Park is the most popular fishing site in the Riverfront Park System.
Not only does it attract those who traditi-onally fish at sunrise or sunset,
it is used by second ard third shift oeople who fish bef(,,-e or after work.
During the summer, both access and parking are strained by the numbers of
people who want to fish at the park.

The current site combined farms belonging to several important Detroiters
including Alexis Campau, the Voights, Breverts, Godroy, and former Governor
Porter. Former uses of the site include: the Headquarters of the Detroit
Fire Boat, the Dog Pound, a sewer pumping station and a coal degasification
facility. At various times plans were also advanced to use the site as a
Power Plant and as a National Guard Armory.

The Recreation Department first acquired parks of Riverside Park in 1922 from
a land transfer with the Public Lighting Department. In 1979 it acquired
additional land from the Michigan Consolidated Gas Company. It was dedicated
in 1984 at the opening of the boat launch facility and playfield. These
facilities extended the park to its full 19.9 acres.

The Riverside Park development represents a unique characteristic of public
open space amidst a neighborhood that is part residential and part heavy
industry. As such, it is a reminder of Detroit's industrial past and its
people oriented future.

FREE PRESS EASEMENT

ACREAGE SHORELINE 2000 DEVELOPED 1987

The Free Press Easement will provide riverfront visitors with 2000
feet of shoreline for fishing, walking and biking. Under a special
agreement, a promenade type walkway creates a public passage along the
Detroit River between 8th and 12th streets. The development of this
walkway is a unique offset of the traditional easement concept of
allowing access for common or public purposes.

While fishing will be one.major use of the easement, enough land has
been set aside to continue the Riverfront Bicycle Path. This is a
very logical extension for a route that has been proposed for biking
enthusiasts along the riverfront from as far East as Belle Isle.

The area west of downtown currently has only one. pa-k (Riverside that
provides open general access to the river. The 2,000 feet of shoreline
in the Free Press easement will provide a valuable contribution regard-
ing additional riverfront space. It will also relieve some of the
heavy fishing pressure that currently develops at Riverside Park.

The Free Press Easement is an excellent example of a unique cooperative
effort between the government and private industry to provide land for
public purposes while promoting the economic revitalization of Detroit.
The Detroit Free Press will have a state of the art facility when
construction of the new plant is completed in 1987. The city will
benefit from the new plants contribution to redevelopment purposes in
and around the downtown area. Both the city and the public will benefit
from the estimated 200 new jobs that the facility will provide. The
public will benefit most however, from the valdable addition of prime
West riverfront access, courtesy of the Detroit Free Press.

HART PLAZA

ACREAGE 12.0 SHORELINE FEET 830 OPENED 1976

Hart Plaza, named after the late Senator Philip A. Hart, is the primary
downtown event site. Its location between Cobo Hall and the Ranaissance
Center creates the central impression of Detroit's park system.

Situated between Jefferson Avenue and the Detroit River, the 12 acres in Hart
Plaza provide a sloping panoramic view of the river and the Windsor Shoreline
and walking access along more than 800 feet of shore. Some of the major
features of Hart Plaza include an amphitheater and stage, a restaurant and
winter ice skating. At the center of Hart Plaza is the famous Isomu Noguchi
Fountain which has a very elaborate light and water spray display. The Dodge
pylon, also designed by Noguchi, a twisting, high sculpture, is located near
the Jefferson Avenue entrance. Hart Plaza also has restrooms, security and
organization facilities and major infrastructural improvements which have
been designed to conduct a variety of events.

Hart Plaza is the scene of a summer-long series of Ethnic Festival;s that
start during the first weekend in May and continue through mid September.
Each weekend is devoted to different groups. Visitors can sample foods,
dance, handicrafts and traditions from around the world. More than 30 nation-
alities are represented during the season. Ethnic festivals start at noon on
Fridays and continue through 10 p.m. on Sundays. There is no charge for any
of the festivals and further information about them can be obtained by calling
224-1184. The Detroit Ethnic Festivals have been very successful in drawing
large numbers of people to downtown Detroit from the entire metropolitan
area.

In addition to the Ethnic Festivals, other Hart Plaza events are also well
attended. The awesome fireworks display at the Detroit-Windsor International
Freedom Festival attracts over a million spectators each year; many of who
watch the show from Hart Plaza. The Plaza is also a good place to view the
Detroit Grand Prix. Other music events include the Montreaux-Detroit Jazz
Festival on Labor Day Weekend, the Downtown Hoedown, Gospel, Big Band, Blues
and Jazz Concerts. Boxing, boat races and various civil ceremonies have also
been successfully staged at Hart Plaza.

It should be noted that Hart Plaza is an important part of the lunch hour
experience for downtown office workers. Even when events are not on stage,
it is a good place to eat, watch the boats and other people, and generally
enjoy the outdoors along the river.

Philip a Hart served as a Mi'chigan Senator for 18 years starting in 1958. He
left a legacy of integrity that earned him the respect and admiration of his
Senate colleagues. Known as the conscience of the Senate, Hart was a champion
of the rights of minorities and the poor as well as a dedicated protector of
consumer and environmental interest. He was best kwnown for his successful
floor management of the 1965 Voting Rights Act and the 1968 Civil Rights Bill
through the U.S. Senate. Senator Hart died in 1976 at age 64.

HART PLAZA
Page 2

Several historic designation markers are located in Hart Plaza. One marker,
(in French and English), marks the general location of Cadillac;s landing in
1701. The other marker designates the spot where the Ford Motor Company was
incorporated in 1904.

LINKED RIVERFRONT PARKS

The Linked Riverfront Parks system consists of three parks and the bicycle/
pedestrian linkages that tie the parks to each other and to downtown Detroit
and Belle Isle. The plan features almost 30-acres of parks at three loca-
tions: St. Aubin, Chene and Mt. Elliott Streets. The Linked Riverfront Parks
was designed to increase public access to the riverfront and to catalyze
commercial, retail, office and housing developments in this area. Originally
proposed as the "Necklace of Parks" in the 1960's, it took until 1978 for the
project to become viable. After several tries, the City received a major
grant from the U.S. Department of Interior Land and Water Conservation Fund
for the acquisition of the three park sites. Since that time, planning and
development for new public and private uses of the riverfront has been a
priority of the City, and strongly supported by the State of Michigan Depart-
ment of Natural Resources as well as other federal, state and local agencies.
In the last few years .. major new ori 'vate developments such as Stroh's "River
Place" and ANR/Mich Con "Harbortown" in and around the park sites, bringing
major new investments and creating exciting new and rehabilitated facilities
and activities along the East Riverfront.

Chene Park began operating as an entertainment venue with a successful Summer
Arts Festival in 1983. Construction of St. Aubin Park and Marina will begin
in 1986, while Mt. Elliott Park is scheduled for development in 1988. Deve-
lopment of the bicycle/pedestrian linkages began with a Signed Interpretive
Route between Belle Isle and Hart Plaza in 1981. Eventually, this route will
be developed into a separated bicycle pathway which links Belle Isle to River-
side Park by the Ambassador Bridge. This "Bridge-to-Bridge" pathway is now in
very early stages of planning and development utilizing the street right-of-way
for most of its six-mile length. During the summer, Recreation Department
sponsors guided bicycle tours of the East Riverfront and downtown.

A special brochure on this project, "The Riverfront Comes Alive" and informa-
tion on scheduled summer historic Bicycle Tours is available through the
Recreation Department by calling 224-1184.

ST. AUBIN PARK SITE

ACREAGE 12.4 SHORELINE 1073 ACQUIRED 1981

St. Aubin parksite will be the second Linked Riverfront Park developed along
the riverfront. The main feature of St. Aubin will be a 67 - well public
transient marina designed to provide temporary docking space for boaters.
This will enable boaters to visit the Civic Center, Ren Cen, Chene Park @nd
Hart Plaza, or to eat and shop in Greektown, Bricktown or Rivertown. When it
opens, St. Aubin Park Marina will be the only fully public transient marina
space between Monroe and Mt. Clemens. St. Aubin's design will also feature a
number of interpretive theme walks highlighting Detroit's relationship to the
history, economy and ecology of the Great Lakes.

Groundbreaking at St. Aubin is anticipated in 1986 with the park opening in
late 1987. When it is developed, St. Aubin will have 12-acres with approxi-
mately 6-acres for the marina and 6-acres for general activities.

St. Aubin's program emphasis will complement that of neighboring Chene Park.
In addition, its boating facilities, the park's emphasis will be on picnick-
ing, fishing, and instructional and interpretive programs for groups and
individuals. There will be fishing and picnic shelters as well as park land
developed into rolling hills for viewing the river and marina.

CHENE PARK

ACREAGE 9.1 SHORELINE 900' ACQUIRED.19709
DEVELOPED 1983

Although Chene Park is only nine acres in size, its importance in
revitalizing the Rivertown area is a modern urban success story.
Designed to promote entertainment events, Chene Park is drawing
large crowds into the East Riverfront a rea during its Summer Arts
Festival . New restaurants and night clulbs have opened up through-
out this three mile stretch of valuable riverfront land.

The addition of more office and retail space, a growing professional
services industry, and two major developments; ( Harbortown and River
Place) are the prime indicators of economic growth triggered by Chene
Park. Once forgotten and maligned, the Rivertown area is being trans-
ferred into an unqualified success.

The site of Chene Park is steeped in local history. During theWar, of
1812, one of the last skimishes of the battle of Bloody Run was fought
at this site. In 1852, Hugh Moffat (a future Mayor of Detroit) started
a sa!vi mill E.t th-*',' site. Logs were floate@. dc@,:nrivar from the M`.chigan
Thumb area and were milled into lumber at 11offat's Mill.

Detroit's Chene Park is the first of three proposed new parks along the
East Riverfront designed to improve recreational access and stimulate
economic development between downtown and Belle Isle. Chene Park's
design as a "festival park" was based on needs and concerns expressed
in many public documents and in many discussions with groups and
organizations throughout the Detroit area.

Nestled between cement shipping silos, the park was designed by the
firm of Schervish, Vogel, and Merz, and features a covered riverfront
stage, a 25' amphitheater hil '1 and a concession complex necessary to
promote major entertainment events. It also features a riverfront
promenade for wakling and fishing. The park has won numerous design
and program awards from Detroit and Michigan professional archtecture
and arts and recreation- organizations.

The Summer Arts Festival includes jazz, blues, classical, pop, country
and gospel music and features local and nationally known performers.
.On weekends special children's programs are available. - Information--,on
the Chene Park schedule and Summer activities is available on the
Recreation Department leisure line (224-2REC) or through Special
Activities Unit at 224-1184. Chene Park has expanded its fine arts
program for performing and visual arts by placing sculptures in the
park and offering at Summer Artists'. Residency Program in 1986.

When activities are not programed on stage, the hill serves as an exciting
feature for visitors who can sit and watch the everchanging shipping and
boating activities along our exciting international waterway. Fishing
access will always be available at the Eastern edge along the promenade.
The pond which surrounds the East and Norhherly portion of the hill can
be used for winter ice skating.

MT.ELLIOTT PARKSITE
Shore line 550'
ACREAGE 6 ACQURIED 1984

Mlt.Elliott Park Site will be the last of the three Linked Riverfront Parks
to be developed. Mt.Elliott will be designed to relate to the redevelop-
ment efforts by Stroh's "River Place" American Natural Resource/ Mich Con
at "Harbortown" and the now vacent Uniroyal factory site.

"River Place" is a creative readaptive use of the Park Davis Complex. Phase
1 of "River Place" will provide 300,000 ft of office space, a commerical
shopping area and open space plaza at the bottom of Jos Campau. Phase 2
will errect residental housing that feature loft housing as innovative
concept was only recently permitted by revised city ordinence.

"Harbortown" is being built by ANR/ Mich Con and in its first phase, will
provide additional shopping on East Jefferson Avenue, a 19 story apart-
ment building and 48 townhouses, condos.

The Historic U.S. Coast Guard Lighthouse building on the West side of Mt.
Elliott street across from the parksite, is'also planned to become part
of t:iis -ecreational coa,plex. The J.S. Coast GUdrd and the City of
Detroit have recently agreed,to a land trade which will permit the Coast
Guard to improve and expand their regional base at this location and
which will encourage the redevelopment of the Lighthouse Building into
a community facility and make new space available for an entry plaza.
While plans for Mt.Elliott parksite are still being formulated, the use
of this land for public purpose will insure adequate river access for
future generation of citizens.

BELLE ISLE

ACREAGE 982 SHORELINE 7.5 MILES ACQUIRED 1879

Belle Isle is a Wooded Island Park located in the Detroit River between
Canada and the United States. Linked by the General Douglas MacArthur
Bridge to the Detroit Mainland, this resource attracts millions of people
to its regional facilities and historic structures, annually.

Belle Isle gets more usage than any other City of Detroit Park and more than
most regional or State Parks in the area. Recent annual attendance estimates
indicate that in an average year, over ten million people visit Belle Isle.
On a major summer holiday weekend, the Park will have well over 100,000
visitors. Over 10% of the visitors are from out of state with one-fifth
of tnem from Cana@a.

Belle Isle has something for everyone with such features and facilities as
an incomparable view of river traffic and the Detroit Skyline, cool breezes,
fishing, swimming, canoeing, a freshwater Aquarium, the Whitcomb Conservatory
with both indigenous and tropical flowers, a formal outdoor garden, walk-
through Zoo, Dossin Great Lakes Museum, Carillon, Nature Center and trails,
picnic area, baseball, football, golf course and driving range, handball
courts, comfort stations, the Casino, Refectories, and the Children's Play-
scape. Of added interest to out-of-town visitors is the fact that Canada,
a foreign nation, is just across the water.

For the family, Belle Isle is a great place for a picnic, reunion or other
outdoors events . There are more than enough things to do so that children
don't want to leave! For the urban dweller, Belle Isle is large enough for
solitude in wooded, outdoor seclusion. Recently, an American Bald Eagle, a
bird known to avoid people, was sighted on the Island.

Lt. George McDougall purchased Belle Isle Park from the Chippewa and Ottawa
Indians on June 5, 1768. He paid five barrels of rum, three rolls of tobacco,
three pounds of vermilion, and a belt of wampum. An additional three barrels
of rum and three pounds of paint was to be delivered when possession was taken.
Belle Isle was under control of the McDougall Family until November 11, 1793,
when William Macomb bought half of the Island. The following year he obtained
the other half. Macomb bought the Island for about 1600 English Pounds ($4,000
by today's monetary standards). Macomb died in 1796, and in 1817, his heirs
sold the Island to Barnabas Campau for $5,000.

The City of Detroit acquired Belle Isle on September 25, 1879, from the Campau
Heirs for $200,000. At that time 7 of the 25 Councilmen voted against acquir-
ing the Island as they said the price was to high for an inaccessible Island
that wouldn't see much use. It has turned into one of the world's most popular
and best known Parks. As a resource to the people of Detroit it is priceless.

The Island, when purchased, contained 690 acres. At present, due to filing
and reclaiming land through dredging throughout the years, it has 982 acres.
It is 2.8 miles long and has 15 miles of roadway, of which 5.6 miles is shore
road around the perimeter of the Island. The Island has had several names
over the years, but was officially named Belle Isle Park by Ordinance of the
City Council on August 23, 1881. In 1883, The Board of Park Commissioners
engaged Frederick Law Olmstead, a Landscape Architect internationally known
for his design of Central Park in New York City. Olmstead thought it best
to avoid an extravagant plan and instead used large existing areas of natural
woods as a way of channeling activities. The strong central spine of Central
Avenue and the meandering canals and lake system that bring water throughout
the Island are two of his famous features on Belle Isle.

The plan that Olmstead designed has worked far better than anyone @ould have
expected. Throughout the years, the Recreation Department has tried to retain
the Olmstead phiiosophy focusing on Belle Isle's unique location ano facillities,
blending nature and woods with activity sites and promenades. The fact that
Belle Isle has served so many so well has resulted in the development of its
own support system. Many fine individuals and organizations have donated a
wide variety of facilities, equipment, and love and care to this Island.
Currently, the Friends of Belle Isle and the Junior Leagues of Detroit and
Birmingham are important park benefactors.

It should be noted that a recreation facility the size of Belle Isle has to
have a continual upgrading of its facilities as well as sizeable maintenance
efforts. Approximately $15 mi 'Ilion of local, state and federal funds have
been utilized for capital improvements since 1970. These include a rehabili-
tated athletic complex, new tournament level handball/racquetball courts, a
new beach house and beach development, new fishing piers and bulkhead.3, a
major new picnic area and promenade, ten new tennis courts, a new walk-through
Zoo and Children's Playscape. Renovation efforts include refurbishing of the
nature trails, canal improvements, parking lot renovations, and partial fountain
and historical statue restorations. Additional funds are still required.

We hope that the future of Belle Isle goes as well as its past. Some of the
planned projects include the development of a Japanese Garden, an interpretive
signage project, early improvements to historic structures such as the Scott
Fountain, Brown Carillon, Livingston Lighthouse, and Remick Bandshell, new
park fixtures, development of a Senior Citizen area and renovation of the
comfort stations. Equally important is the improvement of the Park's infra-
structure including drainage, utilities, roads, paths, and bridges. As funds
become available, these programs will be implemented.

It is the intent of the Department that the aesthetic quality and the natural
character of the Island be preserved while high quality recreational oppor-
tunities are made available for a wide variety of leisure time pursuits for
all citizens in the metropolitan area.

Belle Isle exists as a natural, beautiful resource which deserves our
efforts and concern. With the help and cooperation of all of us who
use the Island to keep it clean, through contributions and involvement
in projects which relate to some of its needs, we can enhance and pre-
serve our finest natural facility.

A special brochure describing Belle Isle and other general information on
Belle Isle activities is available by calling the Belle Isle Administration
Office 267-7115. Hours and programs for the various Belle Isle facilities
can also be obtained as follows:

Auarium: 267-7159

Dossin Museums: 267-6440

Golf Course: 267-7130

Nature Center: 267-7157

Senior Citizen - Casino: 267-7135

Zoo: 398-0900

GABRIEL RICHARD PARK

ACREAGE: 22.9 SHORELINE: 5001 ACQUIRED: 1927

Gabriel Richard Park is located at East Grand Boulevard and East Jeff-
erson. It is both part of and adjacent to Belle Isle's MacArthur
Bridge. The bulk of the land the park occupies was purchased in 1927
for 8.2 million dollars; other land parcels were acquired in 1886,
1901, 1921 and 1966. At the time of its development, it was known as
Riverside Park. In 1936 it was renamed in honor of Father Gabriel
Richard.

Fr. Richard was a Roman Catholic priest who distinguished himself in
the early 1800's by establishing schools for women and Indians. His
devotion to education contributed to the founding of Michigan State
University. On two occasions he helped rebuild Detroit: after the
fire of 1805 and after the British occupation of 1812. He died as he
lived - helping others during the cholera epidemic in 1832.

Until 1927, the side east of the bridge was occupied by Electric park,
a privately owned amusement park. Both the old Detroit and Michigan
stove works were located on the bridge's west side. For years a giant
replica of a stove marked the approach to Belle Isle. Currently an
acre or so of the park is leased to the Navy, serving as the Broadhead
Armory and Naval Reserve Center.

The Belle Isle Bridge and Gabriel Richard Park have traditionally been
places to watch the Spirit of Detroit Hydroplane Races. These power
speed boat races have been held since 1917 and annually attract over
600,000 spectators from all over the midwest. In 1986, Detroit will
use the races to host the 29th anniversary of the Gold Cup. This will
be the Sth time that the Detroit River course has been selected to
sponsor the races.

Currently Gabriel Richard Park is undergoing refurbishment that will
complement the massive renovation efforts to the McArthur Bridge. The
entire approach system to the bridge is being rebuilt. The statue
honoring Father Richard is being restored and the park will receive
new landscaping after the construction has been completed. Arrangement
have also been made with volunteer groups to create an accompanying
floral display. All of these efforts will provide a beautiful setting
for the park that is the gateway to Belle Isle.

OWEN PARK

ACREAGE: 8 SHORELINE: 4151 ACQUIRED: 1892

Originally part of the old Cook Farm, Owen Park was deeded to the City
in 1892 by the heirs of John Owen and James Burns. At that time, its
future use by the City was restricted to park space. For a brief
period, it was also known as Jefferson Avenue Park. A smaller adjacent
parcel was acquired from the Buhl Estate in 1948.

Recreational features at Owen Park include playground equipment and
fishing.

The open space provided by Owen Park serves one of Detroit's most
unique and diverse neighborhoods. It is adjacent to an aggregate of
apartments and condominiums that stretch between Jefferson Avenue and
the Detroit River_ Some of thosp high. rises are pri.marily for Senio-
Citizens, some are subsidized for moderate income families while most
are at market rate with residents of above average income. The resi-
dents are a genuine mixture of different economic levels, including
the elderly and the young. Owen Park also serves historic Indian
Village, a unique collection of stately mansions as well as other
neighboring residential areas by providing a pleasant setting for open
space activities amidst its high density surroundings.

MEMORIAL PARK MARINA

Acreage 33.6 Shoreline Acquired 1918

Memorial Park was acquired in 1918 with an original intent to build a
memorial hall or center to honor World War I Veterans. A small sculp-
ture was all that ever came of this idea.

At the time of acquisition, a small lagoon with dockage for 104 boats
existed on the site. In 1928 the docks were destroyed by fire.

The City apparently changed its mind about the memorial and instead,
appropriated money to rebuild the docks, enlarge the lagoon and operate
a public marina at the site. In 1928, a lawsuit by an East riverfront
land owner, Edward Gray, was filed, but Gray lost and the marina was
built. At that time, Mr. Gray owned Grayhaven Island. It is highly
ironic that the city now operates marinas not only at Memorial Park
but also at Grayhaven as w0l.

At the time of construction, part of the site was to remain open to
the public and part of it became the marina. The public section has a
comfort station, picnic facilities and children play apparatus. This
split still exists.

In 1952, a center dock was added to the U-shaped configuration and the
marina's capacity was enlarged to 271 permanent boat wells, one tran-
sient well and a pump out station. The marina has four different
sized wells so that 16' , 241 , 36' and 57 foot boats can all be docked
there.

The operating season starts in May and continues through October.
Additional information can be obtained during the season at the Marina
at 267-7143. During the winter, information can be obtained from the
Public Service Division of the Recreation Department at 224-1137.

The Marina is currently undergoing some renovation. During the past
year lighting, utilities and dock boxes were improved and the center
dock was raised. Future plans call for a new breakwall to better
protect the harbor area.

In 1950 an additional 2.67 acres of riverfront land was obtained.
This parcel is adjacent to the marina but is accessed through the
Barry Subdivision. It is known as Memorial Park extension and is used
primarily for fishing.'

Boating is big business in Michigan with spending by Michigan regis-
tered boat owners at over I billion dollars in 1981. In addition,
over 40 million dollars was spent in Michigan by out of state boat
owners. Furthermore, estimates in 1985 have seen and increase of
nearly 130,000 registered boats since 1977.

MEMORIAL PARK MARINA
Page 2

Pleasure boating is particularly prevelent in S.E. Michigan with an
estimated marina dockage of over 14,000 boats and related canal dockage
of several additional thousand in Wayne, Macomb and St. Clair Counties.
Lake St. Clair is often described as one of the most heavily used
waters for pleasure boating in the world. Attending the needs of
boaters is a concurrent increase in the demand for marina space.
Statewide estimates of the lack of current marina space indicates a
need in 1985 for over 14,DOO slips statewide. A sizeable portion of
this need is projected for Wayne and Macomb Counties.

The East Riverfront is a logical place for Detroit to expand its marina
operations. City operated marina's at both Memorial Park and Grayhaven
are operating at capacity and have extensive wii.ting lists. Additional
marina properties controlled by the city will no doubt be put back
into operation as the demand for additional marina space will continue
to stimulate further economic development for the East Riverfront
Area.

STOCKTON PARK

ACREAGE: 2.75 SHORELINE: 3001 ACQUIRED: 1944

Stockton Park is a small site located on the Detroit River in an area
known as the Berry Subdivision. Acquired in 1944, Stockton Park was
named after David F. Stockton, a decorated U.S. Army Sergeant who was
killed in the Saar crossing during World War Il.

Stockton Park serves primarily as open space for the Berry Neighbor-
hood, a historic district known for its many fine homes including the
official city residence, the Manoogian Mansion. The fact that many of
the 70 homes in this neighborhood were built on two or more standard
size lots presents a spaciousness that complements the open area of
Stockton Park.

Stockton Park currently has few recreational features yet it provides
fishing access and a scenic view of Belle Isle, the Detroit Yacht Club
marin3, and of ma-ina activities in the Scott Mi@dle Cro-rd. Bo-h the
Detroit Yacht Club and the Detroit Boat Club offer small sailboat
racing in the area across from Stockton Park.

Every summer, the river area around Stockton Park is caught up with
the excitement of the Hydroplane races. Because of its location,
Stockton is one of the prime locations to watch these speed crafts
race the oval circuit in the River's South channel. During the Hydro-
plane races, Stockton is leased to the race sponsor, the "Spirit of
Detroit", for paid spectator seating. Monies received from this source
go back into the city's general fund.

BILL MUNCEY PARK

ACREAGE 7.5 SHORELINE 220

Muncey Park has play equipment and limited athletic facilities and serves' as
a fishing access site. The Recreation Department maintains this equipment as
well as a public comfort station for people who fish. The land on which this
park was built is owned by the Department of Water and Sewage but was deve-
loped for recreational purposes.during the late 1970's.

Muncey Park is named for the late Bill Muncey, a veteran hydroplane racer who
died in a boat crash in 1981. During the local races, Muncey Park is leased
to the 'Spirit of Detroit' for paid spectator seating.

Located on the property is the Dodge Memorial Center which is used for city
meetings and ceremonial events. Information regarding its use can be obtained
from the Special Activities Unit of the Recreation Department at 224-1184.

ENGEL PARK

ACREAGE 31.1 SHORELINE 750' ACQUIRED 1942

Engel Park was named for George Engel, an outstanding public servant who
served Detroit as a Policemen, City Comptroller, Civil Service Commissioner
and City Council member.

Originally the land belonged to the Delorme Farm and the Walter C. Mack
Subdivision. Though the bulk of the land was acquired in 1942, it was not
developed for recreational use until after 1956.

Before it was a park, the land that Engel Park occupies was the site of
Croxon Projects. Due to the housing shortage following World War II, the
Federal Government built temporary housing on undeveloped City land. The
City administered the program as a form of subsidized public housing. The
basic housing unit for the project was the Ouonset Hut. Each unit was divided
in naif to form two separate dwellings. Rents were $22.50/mo i-oi, a single
bedroom unit and $25.00/mo for two bedrooms. Temporary housing was also
built as several other undeveloped City Riverfront holdings that later became
Maheras and Reid Parks. By the mid 50's, the development of subdivision in
Detroit's outlying areas as well as the development of suburbs concluded the
need for this type of housing. The Croxon Projects were demolished in 1956.

Concurrent with the demolition of the Croxon projects was the construction of
the first recreation facility at Engel Park, a public boat launch ramp. Later
baseball diamonds, parking lots and comfort station was added.

Engel Park is an important element in the City's riverfront revitalization
efforts. In April 1984, the City of Detroit acquired the abandoned "Harbor,
Inc." mar1na and incorporated the 6-acre parcel into Engel Park. It created
a new water edge with a high-bluff overlooking the extensive commercial boat
basin below. Funds for this purchase came from the Michigan Land Trust Fund
which recognized the importance of this waterfront parcel in the City's total
riverfront redevelopment efforts. In fall of 1984 the City agreed to sell a
portion of Engel Park fronting Freud Street to a private corporation for a
manufacturing facility.

Both of these actions are part of the total reallocation of land concept
known as the "Marina City" project, in which land at the river's edge is
planned for expanded park, boating, and marine related uses, while land
further away from the water abutting present industrial uses is being rede-
signated for job-producing industrial or commerce. It is hoped that the
Riverfront portion of Engel Park, with its fishing shoreline, picnic and play
areas will remain a part of the City's Riverfront Park system while new
businesses, industries and homes utilize the land overlooking the improved
park developments.

VAUGHAN REID MEMORIAL PARK AND BOAT LAUNCH

ACREAGE 18.7 SHORELINE 300' ACQUIRED 1942

Reid Ramps are one of two City operated boat launch facilities on the
Detroit River. Named after a former Parks and Recreation Commissioner
Vaughan Reid, the facility was dedicated in 1964. Reid Ramps is loca-
ted on the old St. Jean Farm. Access is from St. Jean Street as it
intersects the river.

The major portion of this.facility was first acquired in 1942. Imme-
diately after World War II, part of the park was used to house return-
ing veterans. During the mid 1950's, these temporary homes were re-
moved. The section along the river was once a base for a commercial
seaplane enterprise.

The current facility allows boats (primarily runabouts) to embark and
disembark on a temporary and occasional use basis. A large docking
slip for which a hoist could be used to lift out larger boats is also
part of the facility. Reid Ramps also has a control building, restroom
and office facilities and a 160 acre parking area for boat trailers
and cars or trucks. During the Freedom Festival Fireworks display,
the Reid Ramps lot is a major viewing site.

The normal attended season is from March to November. During the
winter, further information can be obtained from the Public Service
Division of the Recreation Department at 224-1139. During warmer
months, the number for the control building is 267-7151.

MAHERAS PLAYFIELD

Acreage: 52.7 Shoreline: 11001 Acquired: 1929
(In Part)

Maheras Playfield and Recreation Center was named after Peter Maheras,
a World War II soldier who was posthumously awarded for U.S. Army
Silver Star. Originally called Algonquin Field, major sections were
acquired in 1928, 1943, 1954 and 1957.

At the conclusion of World War II, temporarily housing for for return-
ing veterans was built on the site and remained there until the early
1950's. From 1953 to 1969, Maheras (as well as Belle Isle) was used
as a NIKE Missle site. Today, Maheras has no remaining military ves-
tiges.

Major park redevelopment at Maheras occurred in 1963 (lighted baseball
diamonds), 1966 (Recreation Center), 1969 (swimming pool): and 1977
(baseball courts).

Maheras abutts the marina property at Grayhaven. Access to the marina
is along a pleasant winding drive that crosses the playfield.

Maheras Playfield serves the Jefferson-Chalmers neighborhood. Its
activities include heavily used baseball, basketball and swimming
facilities. Its 52 acres provide space for outdoor activities, picnics
and games as well as a place to go to get away from it all. At the
southwestern corner of the park is an elevated berm that provides a
pleasant outlook over the Detroit River. The 1100 feet of shore serves
as an important fishing access site in the Riverfront Park System.

The community recreation center and adjoining school have become public
forums where community leaders meet to improve the quality of life in
their neighborhood.

GRAYHAVEN MARINA

ACREAGE 13.2 SHORELINE 2100' (CIRC) ACQUIRED 1977

Grayhaven Marina is one of two marinas operated by the City. It currently
holds 78 boats up to 301 in size. The marina is named Grayhaven because it
faces Grayhaven Island, a sliver of land surrounded by artificial lagoons and
the Detroit River. The island was named for its developer, local real estate
tycoon, Edward Gray.

Grayhaven is a legendary name in the history of power boat racing. It was
the Island home of boat racing great, Gar Wood. Wood won the Gold Cup Race
in 1917 using "Miss Detroiter", a boat that he personally designed. During
his racing career, Gar Wood wori the Gold Cup five times and won the English
Harmsworth Cup eight times. In 1932, Wood piloted "Miss America X11 to a
water spped record of more than 124 m.p.h.

Wood was more than just a racer. He was also a noted inventor and designer
of maripe craft 2rd accessories. One of his moFt famous desl.gns becarne the
prototype of the PT Boat, a craft distinguished in the Naval history of World
War II and Korea. He also helped finance the Chris-Craft Boat Manufacturers
Company.

Gar Wood lived on Grayhaven Island in a 40 room mansion. In 1968, the Gar
Wood Mansion was sold and the structure suffered misuse and vandalism. It
was demolished in the late 1970's.

Wood died in Florida in 1971 at the age of 90. A model of one of his race
boats, "Miss America V is on display at the Dossin Museum on Belle Isle.

Grayhaven Marina was created by widening the Port (West) Lagoon off Grayhaven
Island. The land (170,000 cubic yards)w was removed from the Maheras side
creating a protected bay from the River's action. Although the marina cur-
rently holds only 78 boats, plans have been developed to enlarge its capacity
to 296 berths. Given the shortage of public marina space, the enlargement
will make a contribution towards the needs of small pleasure boat owners.

The site was acquired by a grant from the Michigan Waterways Commission.
Although the State owns Grayhaven Marina, the Public Service Division of the
Recreation Department operates the marina. The City provides amenities
including ice, sewage pump out, water, picnic facilities and security.
Further information regarding rates and services can be obtained from the
Public Service Division at 224-1139.

HANDICAPPED CENTER AND FORD PARK

ACREAGE 33.9 SHORELINE 1800 BUILT 1969

The Handicapped Center was built in 1969 and was the first municipal operated
center in the country. At the time of its dedication, the center had incor-
porated into its design, state of the art planning barrier free access and
use. Donations of $50,000 from the Metropolitan Kawanis Club helped pay for
some of the cost of the 5,000 square foot center. Special equipment for a
children's play area was donated by the Jr. Chamber of Commerce. The Detroit
Neurosurgical Foundation donated a 10 station exercise course designed for
wheel chair participants. The City of Detroit provided the land and appro-
priated additional funds for building fixtures, landscaping and parking.

The Handicapped Center is a special place for special people. Operated by a
small but dedicated staff, participants accept the center and other visitors
as their own place and friends. The center is purposely seculded, away from
the rest of the world so that special population members are among equals.
The H.9r!dicapped Ce-ter fills part of a great nrcd in a city th, siz@? of
Detroit. Activities at the Handicapped Center usually start with lunch and
then proceed to a wide variety of afternoon entertainment. Much of the
entertaining is done by participants who happen to be there that day.

During November and December, the center provides traditional Thanksgiving
and Christmas dinners for 4,000 people. In the summer, the Handicapped
Center, working in conjunction with the Wayne County East Seals Campaign,
puts on a seven week day camp for the handicapped. The Lions Club Picnic for
nursing home residents is another major event. There is also a series of
concerts that are provided throughout the year.

The land that the center is built on is known as Alfred Brush Ford Park. The
Eastern Dortion of Ford Park is more public oriented and access is from
Lakewood. A.B. Ford was acquired in 1948 through the process of condemnation.
The park is named after Alfred B. Ford, a fighter pilot who was killed during
World War II.

With its long shoreline, A.B. Ford Park is a major fishing site. It also has
as one of its boundaries a canal that is used to access inland dockage for
boats. Ford Park also has a comfort station, picnic and playground fixtures.

RIVERFRONT-LAKEWOOD EAST - LIGHTHOUSE CENTER

ACREAGE 28.1 SHORELINE 1100 ACQUIRED 1948 - 1962

The Riverfront-Lakewood East Complex represents a sizeable accumulation of
public facilities and park tpace that exist on the Far East Riverfront.
Access to the park and center is from Alter Road. The park includes 28.1
acres of land and a recreation facility known as the Lighthouse Center.

The Lighthouse Center was acquireG -from the @indmill Pjint Yacht Club in
1962 and is primarily used for meetings and for a part-time Senior Citizen's
Program. The building is available for special meetings for groups from all
over the Detroit metropolitan area and often serves as a'reacquaintance with
the East Riverfront area where many of these visitors grew up. The Senior's
Program includes special picnics, square dancing and other social activities.

Riverfront-Lakewood East Park, with its 1100 feet of shoreline is a very
good fishing site. Extensive efforts have been taken to protect the shore-
line from erosion and flooding. Located at the start of the Detroit River,
the park provides good viewing of the shipping and Lake St. Clair. River-
front-Lakewood East Park has a nice stand of mature trees and provides a
pleasant setting for picnics and p3rk outings. The site also has play-
ground equipment and a comfort station.

MARINERS PARK SITE

ACREAGE: 6.98 SHORELINE: 4071 ACQUIRED: 1982

Mariners Park was acquired from the Federal Government in 1982 as part of the
"Legacy of Parks' program. Under this program, unused federally owned land
can be transferred to a local municipality at no cost, provided that it is
dedicated to perpetual use as a public recreation site.

When Mariners Park is fully developed it will serve as the Eastern end of the
Recreational Riverfront System. Located near Lakewood East, A.B. Ford and
the Lighthouse Center, this park offers excellent riverfront access within
the Jefferson-Chalmers community. The site is being developed primarily for
walking, fishing and picnics.

Mariners Park affords an excellent view of Lake St. Clair as it runs into the
mouth of the Detroit River. In addition, Great Lakes shipping lanes are
directly in front of the shoreline. Park patrons will have the unique oppor-
tunity to see et close range a wide, variety of commer-cial and p'.ea-zure c-aftF
from many parts of the world.

The land at Mariners Park juts out into the Detroit River to form a navigational
landmark known as Windmill Point. This was once the site of an old French
windmill. During the War of 1812, its owner rolled the mill stones into the
lake to prevent British troops from using the mill.

Windmill Point Lighthouse is a major reference point for ships entering and
leaving the Detroit River. The Coast Guard also uses this facility to chart
water levels, monitor ice flow and measure the speed of river current.

In addition to providing a spectacular view of the sun setting and rising,
Mariners Park is only 1,000 yards away from Peach Isle. This Canadian owned
boat park and bird sanctuary promises both the casual and serious bird watcher
and excellent opportunity to see a wide variety of our region's fine feathered
friends.

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