[Federal Register Volume 67, Number 217 (Friday, November 8, 2002)]
[Notices]
[Pages 68124-68128]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 02-28502]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

[Docket ID Nos. OAR-2002-0041 and OAR-2002-0036; AD-FRL-7406-4]
RIN 2060-AK34


National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: 
Revision of Source Category List for Standards Under Section 112(c)(6) 
and 112(k) of the Clean Air Act

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Notice of revisions to the area source category list and 
inventory.

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SUMMARY: This notice removes five area source categories of hazardous 
air pollutants (HAP) (i.e., asphalt hot-mix production, fabricated 
metal products, paint and allied products, paper coated and laminated, 
packaging and transportation equipment manufacturing) from the list 
developed under section 112(c)(6) of the Clean Air Act (CAA). It also 
removes an additional area source category, Open Burning of Scrap 
Tires, from the anthropogenic stationary source categories included in 
the inventory analysis for section 112(c)(6) and 112(k). Consequently, 
that source category will no longer be a candidate for regulation under 
either section 112(c)(6) or 112(k). The revisions in this notice have 
not been reflected in any previous notices and are being made without 
public comment on the Administrator's own motion. Such revisions are 
deemed by EPA to be without need for public comment based on the nature 
of the actions.

EFFECTIVE DATE: November 8, 2002.

ADDRESSES: The official public docket is the collection of materials 
that is available for public viewing at the EPA Docket Center, (EPA/DC) 
EPA West, Room B102, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW., Washington, DC.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. Barbara B. Driscoll, Policy, 
Planning and Standards Group, Emission Standards Division (MD-C439-04), 
U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, facsimile 
number (919) 541-0942, telephone number (919) 541-1051, electronic mail 
(e-mail): [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Docket

    The EPA has established an official public docket for this action 
under the Docket ID Nos. OAR-2002-0041 and OAR-2002-0036. The official 
public docket consists of the documents specifically referenced in this 
action, any public comments received and other information related to 
this action. Although a part of the official docket, the public docket 
does not include Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other 
information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. The EPA Docket 
Center Public Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday 
through Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the 
Reading Room is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the Docket 
is (202) 566-1742. A reasonable fee may be charged for copying docket 
materials.

Electronic Access

    You may access this Federal Register document electronically 
through the EPA Internet under the ``Federal Register'' listings at 
http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/. An electronic version of the public 
docket is available through EPA's electronic public docket and comment 
system, EPA Dockets. You may use EPA Dockets at http://www.epa.gov/edocket/ to view public comments, access the index listing of the 
contents of the official public docket, and to access those documents 
in the public docket that are available electronically. Although not 
all docket materials may be available electronically, you may still 
access any of the publicly available docket materials through the 
docket facility identified in this document. Once in the system, select 
``search,'' then key in the appropriate docket identification.

Worldwide Web (WWW)

    In addition to being available in the docket, an electronic copy of 
today's notice will also be available on the WWW through the Technology 
Transfer Network (TTN). Following signature, a copy of the notice will 
be posted on the TTN's policy and guidance page for newly proposed or 
promulgated rules, http://www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg. The TTN provides 
information and technology exchange in various areas of air pollution 
control. If more information regarding the TTN is needed, call the TTN 
HELP line at (919) 541-5384.

I. Revisions to the Section 112(c)(6) Source Category List

A. What Is the History of the Source Category List for the Seven HAP 
Specified Under Section 112(c)(6)?

    Section 112(c)(6) of the CAA instructs us to list categories and 
subcategories of sources to assure that sources accounting for not less 
than 90 percent of the aggregated emissions of each of seven specific 
HAP (alkylated lead compounds, polycyclic organic matter (POM), 
hexachlorobenzene (HCB), mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls, 2,3,7,8-
tetrachlorodibenzofurans (TCDF) and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin 
(TCDD)) are subject to standards under section 112(d)(2) or (d)(4). The 
EPA published a list of categories for section 112(d)(2) rulemaking 
pursuant to section 112(c)(6) on April 10, 1998 (63 FR 17838). In the 
April 1998 Federal Register notice, we provided a summary table of 1990 
emissions inventory data for known sources of the seven specific HAP 
titled ``Summary of 1990 Emission Inventory Data for Section 112(c)(6) 
Pollutants (tons/yr).'' Emissions inventories consist of estimates of 
annual emissions to the air from all the sources for which data are 
available such as power plants, chemical plants, automobiles, and 
wildfires. Using these inventory data, we identified the sources of the 
total emissions of these seven HAP. However, we did not further 
evaluate certain types of sources that are not considered appropriate 
for section 112 regulation. The sources excluded

[[Page 68125]]

from further evaluation are wildfires and prescribed burning, mobile 
sources (cars, airplanes, etc.), residential combustion sources 
(fireplaces, woodstoves, oil and coal heaters), pesticide application, 
cigarette smoke, utility boilers, gasoline distribution stage II 
(evaporative emissions from gas stations), and consumer products usage.
    The April 1998 Federal Register notice also contains a table of 
source categories subject to regulation which is titled ``1990 
Anthropogenic Stationary Source Category Percentage Contributions and 
Associated Regulations.'' This table provides the individual percentage 
contributions for each source category toward the total 1990 
anthropogenic stationary source emissions of each of the seven HAP. The 
table also lists any associated regulation for each source category. A 
review of the available data indicated that a substantial majority of 
source categories emitting the seven HAP had already been listed for 
regulation under section 112(d)(2) of the CAA or were subject to 
substantively equivalent regulation under other CAA authorities. 
Consequently, in April 1998, we listed only two additional source 
categories in response to the requirements in section 112(c)(6) to 
ensure that sources accounting for not less than 90 percent of the 
emissions of the seven HAP had been targeted for regulation. These were 
Open Burning of Scrap Tires and Gasoline Distribution (Aviation Fuel), 
which includes evaporative losses associated with the distribution and 
storage of aviation gasoline containing lead.
    In addition to these two new source categories, EPA's list of 
categories subject to regulation in the April 1998 notice included both 
the major and area source components of many source categories for 
which we had not yet promulgated a section 112(d) regulation. We stated 
that:

    When the regulations for each of those categories are developed, 
EPA will analyze the data specific to those sources and determine, 
under section 112(d), in what manner requirements will be 
established. Some area categories may be negligible contributors to 
the 90 percent goal, and as such pose unwarranted burdens for 
subjecting to standards. These trivial source categories will be 
removed from the listing as they are evaluated since they will not 
contribute significantly to the 90 percent goal. (63 FR 17841)

B. Why Is EPA Revising the Section 112(c)(6) List?

    This notice announces the removal of five area source categories, 
all of which are emission sources of POM, from the air toxics source 
category list identified in the April 1998 Federal Register notice (63 
FR 17838). We are also removing an additional area source category, 
Open Burning of Scrap Tires, an emission source of POM, from the 
anthropogenic stationary source categories considered in the section 
112(c)(6) inventory analysis. Consequently, Open Burning of Scrap Tires 
will no longer be a candidate for regulation under section 112(c)(6). 
With these changes, EPA is still able to meet the requirement to list 
categories and subcategories of sources to assure that sources 
accounting for not less than 90 percent of the aggregated emissions of 
each of seven HAP specified in section 112(c)(6) are subject to 
standards.
    Specifically, we have determined that the following five area 
source categories of POM are not needed to achieve the statutory 
requirement to subject to standards those sources accounting for 90 
percent of the aggregated emissions of POM: Asphalt Hot-Mix Production; 
Fabricated Metal Products; Paint and Allied Products; Paper Coated and 
Laminated, Packaging; and Transportation Equipment Manufacturing. This 
is because we now include the area source contribution of Gasoline 
Distribution (Stage 1) toward the 90 percent requirement for POM. We 
included this category as a candidate for listing in the April 1998 
notice, but at that time it was not counted toward the 90 percent 
requirement since we had not yet determined whether we would develop 
regulations for the area source component of Gasoline Distribution 
(Stage 1). Subsequently, we added this category to the list of area 
source categories for regulation under a July 1999 Federal Register 
notice for the Integrated Urban Air Toxics Strategy (64 FR 38706) and, 
therefore, now list it as a source category subject to regulation under 
section 112(c)(6).
    We are removing a seventh area source category of POM, Open Burning 
of Scrap Tires, from the list of anthropogenic stationary source 
categories subject to section 112(c)(6) inventory analysis; 
consequently it is no longer a candidate for regulation under section 
112(c)(6). For reasons similar to our rationale for exclusion of a 
number of other source categories (e.g., wildfires), we do not consider 
Open Burning of Scrap Tires to be a source category appropriate for 
regulation under section 112 of the CAA. Open burning of scrap tires is 
generally a result of arson, accident, or lightning. There is no 
business or industry that uses open burning of scrap tires. Moreover, 
this activity is already banned in all 50 States either through State 
statute or under health and public safety codes.
    For the section 112(c)(6) inventory analysis, we used three 
surrogates for POM which are described in the April 1998 Federal 
Register notice (63 FR 17845). These are: (1) Extractable organic 
matter (EOM), (2) the sum of the seven polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon 
(PAH) compounds that are probable human carcinogens (7-PAH), and (3) 
the sum of the sixteen polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon compounds 
measured in EPA test method 610 (16-PAH). The area source category 
revisions in this notice impact the section 112(c)(6) analysis for two 
of these POM surrogates: 7-PAH and 16-PAH.
    Because the area source category of Open Burning of Scrap Tires was 
estimated to represent 294 tons per year of 16-PAH in 1990, we removed 
this tonnage from the total 1990 emissions of 16-PAH subject to section 
112(c)(6) analysis. Similarly, because Open Burning of Scrap Tires was 
estimated to contribute 52.5 tons per year of 7-PAH in 1990, we removed 
this tonnage from the total 1990 emissions of 7-PAH subject to section 
112(c)(6) analysis.
    Table 1 of this notice provides an updated summary based on the 
changes described in this notice of the source categories that emit 16-
PAH and the percentage of 1990 emissions attributable to each category. 
Table 2 of this notice provides the same information for source 
categories that emit 7-PAH. In both Tables 1 and 2, we list the area 
and major source emissions contributions for each source category 
separately to show the relative contributions. For 16-PAH, Table 1 
reflects an update of major versus area source contributions to 
emissions for two source categories: Primary Aluminum Production and 
Blast Furnaces and Steel Mills. For 7-PAH, Table 2 reflects an update 
of the major versus area source emissions contributions for Primary 
Aluminum Production. Table 3 of this notice contains the revised 
emissions contributions as a result of the updates to the major and 
area source contributions for each of these source categories. The 
update reflects that both Primary Aluminum Production and Blast 
Furnaces and Steel Mills are source categories consisting of 100 
percent major sources.
    Consistent with the discussion in the October 18, 2000 Federal 
Register notice on the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air 
Pollutants: Rubber Tire Manufacturing (65 FR 62414), Table 2 in today's 
notice reflects the removal of the source category and

[[Page 68126]]

POM emissions (7 tons in the form of 16-PAH) from Tire Manufacturing. 
This is because the POM emissions from this source category are due to 
combustion associated with the use of steam boilers in the rubber tire 
manufacturing process. We believe that these emissions are already 
accounted for under the POM (16-PAH) emission estimates for boilers.
    In Tables 1 and 2 of this notice, we sum the percentage 
contributions for each pollutant to show the total emissions of 16-PAH 
and 7-PAH subject to standards. For 16-PAH, the total is 92.2 percent 
(of 8,404.69 tons per year) and for 7-PAH, it is 99.1 percent (of 314.4 
tons per year).

II. Revisions to the Section 112(k) Area Source Category Inventory

A. What Is the History of the Emissions Inventory Development for POM 
Under Section 112(k)?

    As discussed in the July 19, 1999 Federal Register notice on the 
National Air Toxics Program: The Integrated Urban Strategy (64 FR 
38706), section 112(k)(3)(B) of the CAA requires us to identify not 
less than 30 HAP that are estimated to pose the greatest threat to 
public health in the largest number of urban areas as a result of 
emissions from area sources. The EPA's list of area source HAP includes 
POM. For the evaluation of POM as a potential public health threat in 
urban areas, and for the subsequent source category analysis, we used 
7-PAH as a surrogate for the much larger, more complex and diverse 
mixture of POM.
    Under section 112(k), we are required to identify sufficient area 
source categories to assure that sources accounting for 90 percent or 
more of the aggregate emissions of each of the 30 identified HAP are 
subject to standards under section 112(d). In determining the aggregate 
area source emissions of 7-PAH, EPA considered area source categories 
that were subject to existing standards, or which were expected to be 
subject to standards based on their inclusion in the existing 
regulatory agenda for area source categories. Since Open Burning of 
Scrap Tires was identified in the April 1998 Federal Register notice 
for section 112(c)(6) as an area source category we intended to 
regulate, we included it as a category for regulation under section 
112(k) and counted its emissions of 7-PAH toward the total subject to 
the 90 percent requirement.

B. Why Is EPA Removing Open Burning of Scrap Tires From the Section 
112(k) Inventory of Area Sources?

    As previously discussed in today's notice, we do not consider Open 
Burning of Scrap Tires to be a source category appropriate for 
regulation under section 112 of the CAA. Therefore, it is no longer a 
candidate for regulation under section 112(k).
    Because the area source category of Open Burning of Scrap Tires was 
estimated to contribute 45.5 tons per year of 7-PAH in urban areas in 
1990, we removed this tonnage from the total 1990 emissions of 7-PAH 
subject to the section 112(k) area source category analysis. The effect 
of this change in the area source categories being listed under section 
112(k) will be addressed in a future Federal Register notice.

III. Administrative Requirements

    Today's notice is not a rule; it is essentially an information-
sharing activity which does not impose regulatory requirements or 
costs. Therefore, the requirements of Executive Order 13045 (Protection 
of Children from Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks), 
Executive Order 13175 (Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal 
Governments), Executive Order 13132 (Federalism), Executive Order 13211 
(Actions Concerning Regulations that Significantly Affect Energy 
Supply, Distribution, or Use), the Regulatory Flexibility Act, the 
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act, and the Unfunded 
Mandates Reform Act do not apply to today's notice. Also, this notice 
does not contain any information collection requirements and, 
therefore, is not subject to the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 
3501 et seq. Under Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 
1993), a regulatory action determined to be ``significant'' is subject 
to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) review and the 
requirements of the Executive Order. The Executive Order defines 
``significant'' regulatory action as one that is likely to lead to a 
rule that may either
    (1) Have an annual effect on the economy of $100 million or more, 
or adversely affect a sector of the economy, productivity, competition, 
jobs, the environment, public health or safety, or State, local or 
tribal governments or communities;
    (2) Create a serious inconsistency or otherwise interfere with an 
action taken or planned by another agency;
    (3) Materially alter the budgetary impact of entitlements, grants, 
user fees, or loan programs or the rights and obligations of recipients 
thereof; or
    (4) Raise novel legal or policy issues arising out of legal 
mandates, the President's priorities, or the principles set forth in 
the Executive Order. The OMB has determined that this action is not 
significant under the terms of Executive Order 12866.

    Dated: November 4, 2002.
Robert Brenner,
Acting Assistant Administrator for Air and Radiation.

Table 1.--1990 Anthropogenic Stationary Source Category Emissions (Tons/Year) and Percentage Contributions of 16-
                                                       PAH
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                                                                       Major       Percentage of    Cumulative
                 Source category                  Area emissions     emissions       emissions        percent
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Aerospace Industry (Surface Coating)............  ..............        1.64e+03           19.51            19.5
Petroleum Refining: All Processes...............  ..............        1.07e+03           12.77            32.3
Primary Aluminum Production.....................  ..............        6.62e+03            7.88            40.2
Pulp and Paper Kraft Recovery Furnaces..........  ..............        6.49e+02            7.72            47.9
Coke Ovens: Charging, Topside & Door Leaks......  ..............        5.39e+02            6.41            54.3
Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching & Battery Stack..  ..............        5.17e+02            6.15            60.4
Blast Furnace and Steel Mills...................  ..............        4.99e+02            5.94            66.4
Industrial Organic Chemicals Manufacturing......  ..............        2.23e+02            2.65            69.0
Pulp and Paper-- Lime Kilns.....................  ..............        1.83e+02            2.18            71.2
Industrial Coal Combustion......................  ..............        1.10e+02            1.31            72.5
Plastic Foam Products Manufacturing.............  ..............        1.08e+02            1.29            73.8
Fabricated Metals Products......................  ..............        1.07e+02            1.28            75.1
Chemical Manufacturing: Cyclic Crude and          ..............        1.01e+02            1.20            76.3
 Intermediate Production........................
Coke Ovens: By-Product Recovery Plants..........  ..............        7.78e+01            0.93            77.2

[[Page 68127]]

 
Industrial Wood/Wood Residue Combustion.........  ..............        5.50e+01            0.65            77.9
Paper Coated and Laminated, Packaging...........  ..............        5.43e+01            0.65            78.5
Napthalene Production...........................  ..............        4.52e+01            0.54            79.5
Portland Cement Manufacture: Non-Hazardous Waste  ..............        3.83e+01            0.46            79.9
 Kilns..........................................
Transportation Equipment Manufacturing (SICs      ..............        3.87e+01            0.46            80.4
 combined)......................................
Asphalt Roofing Production......................  ..............        3.72e+01            0.44            80.8
Secondary Lead Smelting.........................  ..............        3.64e+01            0.43            81.2
Industrial Oil Combustion.......................  ..............        3.56e+01            0.42            81.7
Gasoline Distribution (Stage 1).................  ..............        3.55e+01            0.42            82.1
Commercial Coal Combustion......................  ..............        3.45e+01            0.41            78.9
Commercial Printing, Gravure....................  ..............        2.87e+01            0.34            82.8
Industrial Stationary IC Engines: Natural Gas...  ..............        2.86e+01            0.34            82.8
Paints and Allied Products......................  ..............        2.37e+01            0.28            83.1
Phthalic Anhydride Production...................  ..............        1.83e+01            0.22            83.3
(Surface Coating) Ship Building and Repair......  ..............        1.36e+01            0.16            83.4
Wood Household Furniture Manufacturing..........  ..............        1.11e+01            0.13            83.6
Commercial Oil Combustion.......................  ..............        1.07e+01            0.13            83.7
Portland Cement Manufacturing: Hazardous Waste    ..............        1.26e+01            0.15            83.8
 Kilns..........................................
Commercial Wood/Wood Residue Combustion.........  ..............        7.16e+00            0.09            83.9
Industrial Stationary IC Engines: Diesel........  ..............        3.51e+00            0.04            84.0
Chloroalkali Production.........................  ..............        1.36e+00            0.02            84.0
                  AREA SOURCES
 
Gasoline Distribution (Stage 1).................        3.20e+02  ..............            3.80            87.8
Commercial Coal Combustion......................        1.38e+02  ..............            1.64            89.4
Industrial Coal Combustion......................        4.71e+01  ..............            0.56            90.9
Commercial Oil Combustion.......................        4.26e+01  ..............            0.51            89.9
Secondary Lead Smelting.........................        3.36e+01  ..............            0.40            90.3
Commercial Wood/Wood Residue Combustion.........        2.86e+01  ..............            0.34            91.2
Napthalene Production...........................        1.94e+01  ..............            0.23            91.5
Industrial Stationary IC Engines: Natural Gas...        1.90e+01  ..............            0.23            91.7
Industrial Oil Combustion.......................        1.53e+01  ..............            0.18            91.9
Industrial Wood/Wood Residue Combustion.........        1.38e+01  ..............            0.16            92.0
Phthalic Anhydride Production...................        7.86e+00  ..............            0.09            92.1
Chloroalkali Production.........................        3.16e+00  ..............            0.04            92.2
Chemical Manufacturing: Cyclic Crude and                3.20e+00  ..............            0.04            92.2
 Intermediate Production........................
Plastic Foam Products Manufacturing.............        1.56e+00  ..............            0.02            92.2
Industrial Stationary IC Engines: Diesel........        1.51e+00  ..............            0.02            92.2
      Total:....................................             694            7060  ..............  ..............
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Table 2.--1990 Anthropogenic Stationary Source Category Emissions (Tons/Year) and Percentage Contributions of 7-
                                                       PAH
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       Major       Percentage of    Cumulative
                 Source category                  Area emissions     emissions       emissions        percent
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Primary Aluminum Production.....................  ..............        1.41e+02           44.85            44.8
Coke Ovens: Charging, Topside & Door Leaks......  ..............        7.18e+01           22.84            67.7
Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching & Battery Stacks.  ..............        3.01e+01            9.57            77.3
Petroleum Refining: All Processes...............  ..............        1.60e+01            5.09            82.3
Commercial Coal Combustion......................  ..............        7.20e+00            2.29            84.6
Pulp and Paper: Kraft Recovery Furnaces.........  ..............        3.74e+00            1.19            85.8
Industrial Coal Combustion......................  ..............        2.16e+00            0.69            88.8
Portland Cement Manufacturing: Non-Hazardous      ..............        2.08e+00            0.66            86.5
 Waste Kilns....................................
Portland Cement Manufacturing: Hazardous Waste    ..............        2.08e+00            0.66            87.1
 Kilns..........................................
Asphalt Roofing Production......................  ..............        1.43e+00            0.46            87.6
Industrial Wood/Wood Residue....................  ..............        9.68e-01            0.31            87.9
Industrial Stationary IC Engines: Natural Gas...  ..............        6.18e-01            0.20            88.1
Pulp and Paper: Lime Kilns......................  ..............        2.50e-01            0.08            88.9
Commercial Wood/Wood Residue....................  ..............        2.02e-01            0.06            88.9
Industrial Stationary IC Engines: Diesel........  ..............        6.25e-02            0.02            89.0
Industrial Oil Combustion.......................  ..............        2.10e-02            0.01            89.0
                  AREA SOURCES
Commercial Coal Combustion......................        2.88e+01  ..............            9.16            98.1
Industrial Coal Combustion......................        9.27e-01  ..............            0.29            98.7
Commercial Wood/Wood Residue Combustion.........        8.08e-01  ..............            0.26            98.4
Portland Cement Manufacturing: Non-Hazardous            5.20e-01  ..............            0.17            98.8
 Waste Kilns....................................
Industrial Stationary IC Engines: Natural Gas...        4.12e-01  ..............            0.13            99.0
Industrial Wood/Wood Residue Combustion.........        2.42e-01  ..............            0.08            99.1
Industrial Stationary IC Engines: Diesel........        2.68e-02  ..............            0.01            99.1

[[Page 68128]]

 
Commercial Oil Combustion.......................        2.40e-02  ..............            0.01            99.1
      Total:....................................            31.8             280  ..............  ..............
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


   Table 3.--Revised Major/Area Source Distributions of 1990 Emissions
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                           Major source     Area source
             Source category              contributions,   contribution,
                                              percent         percent
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Blast Furnace and Steel Mills...........             100               0
Primary Aluminum Production.............             100               0
------------------------------------------------------------------------

[FR Doc. 02-28502 Filed 11-7-02; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P