[Federal Register Volume 69, Number 227 (Friday, November 26, 2004)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 69031-69176]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 04-25599]
[[Page 69031]]
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Part II
Department of Agriculture
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Rural Housing Service
Rural Business--Cooperative Service
Rural Utilities Service
Farm Service Agency
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7 CFR Parts 1806 et al.
Reinvention of the Sections 514, 515, 516, and 521 Multi-Fam
[[Page 69032]]
ily Housing Programs; Interim Rule
Federal Register / Vol. 69, No. 227 / Friday, November 26, 2004 /
Rules and Regulations
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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Rural Housing Service
Rural Business--Cooperative Service
Rural Utilities Service
Farm Service Agency
7 CFR Parts 1806, 1822, 1902, 1925,1930, 1940, 1942, 1944, 1951,
1955, 1956, 1965, 3560, and 3565
RIN 0575-AC13
Reinvention of the Sections 514, 515, 516, and 521 Multi-Family
Housing Programs
AGENCIES: Rural Housing Service, Rural Business--Cooperative Service,
Rural Utilities Service, and Farm Service Agency, USDA.
ACTION: Interim final rule; request for comments.
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SUMMARY: The Rural Housing Service (RHS), formerly Rural Housing seand
Community Development Service (RHCDS), a successor Agency to the
Farmers Home Administration (FmHA), is streamlining and reengineering
its regulations, as well as utilizing several private sector processes
and techniques in the administration of the origination, management,
servicing, and preservation of its Multi-Family Housing (MFH) programs.
These programs include the section 515 Rural Rental Housing (RRH) loan
program, the section 514/516 Farm Labor Housing loan and grant program,
and the section 521 Rental Assistance (RA) program. This interim final
rule combines the provisions of the Streamlining and Consolidation of
the sections 514, 515, 516, and 521 Multi-Family Housing (MFH) Programs
Proposed Rule published on June 2, 2003, and the Operating Assistance
for Off-Farm Migrant Farmworker Projects Proposed Rule published on
November 2, 2000.
EFFECTIVE DATE: February 24, 2005. Written or e-mail comments on this
interim final rule must be received on or before December 27, 2004.
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments to this rule by any of the following
methods:
Agency Web site: http://rdinit.usda.gov/regs/. Follow the
instructions for submitting comments on the Web Site.
E-Mail: comments@usda.gov. Include the RIN number (0575-
AC13) in the subject line of the message.
Federal eRulemaking Portal: http://www.regulations.gov.
Follow the instructions for submitting comments.
Mail: Submit written comments via Federal Express Mail or
another mail courier service requiring a street address to the Branch
Chief, Regulations and Paperwork Management Branch, U.S. Department of
Agriculture, 300 7th Street, SW., 7th Floor, Suite 701, Washington, DC
20024.
All written comments will be available for public inspection during
regular work hours at the 300 7th Street, SW., address listed above.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Sue Harris-Green, Deputy Director,
Multi-Family Housing Direct Loan Division, Rural Housing Service, U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Room 1241, South Building, Stop 0781, 1400
Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20250-0781, telephone (202)
720-1660.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Classification
The interim final rule has been determined to be significant, but
not economically significant, and was reviewed by the Office of
Management and Budget (OMB) under Executive Order 12866.
Authority
The existing statutory authority for the MFH programs was
established in title V of the Housing Act of 1949, which gave authority
to the RHS (then the Farmers Home Administration) to make housing loans
to farmers. As a result of this Act, the Agency established single-
family and multi-family housing programs. Over time, the sections of
the Housing Act of 1949 addressing MFH have been amended a number of
times. Amendments have involved issues such as the provision of
interest credit, broadening definitions of eligible areas and
populations to be served, participation of limited-profit entities,
establishment of a rental assistance program, and imposition of a
number of restrictive-use provisions and prepayment restrictions.
Environmental Impact Statement
This document has been reviewed in accordance with 7 CFR part 1940,
subpart G, ``Environmental Program.'' RHS has determined that this
action does not constitute a major Federal action significantly
affecting the quality of the environment. In accordance with the
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, Pub. L. 91-190, an
Environmental Impact Statement is not required.
Regulatory Flexibility Act
This interim final rule has been reviewed with regard to the
requirements of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601-612). The
undersigned has determined and certified by signature on this document
that this rule will not have a significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities since this rulemaking action does
not involve a new or expanded program nor does it require any more
action on the part of a small business than required of a large entity.
Federalism (Executive Order 13132)
The policies contained in this rule do not have any substantial
direct effect on States, on the relationship between the National
Government and the States, or on the distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various levels of Government. This rule does
not impose substantial direct compliance costs on State and local
Governments; therefore, consultation with the States is not required.
Civil Justice Reform (Executive Order 12988)
This rule has been reviewed under Executive Order 12988. In
accordance with this rule: (1) Unless otherwise specifically provided,
all State and local laws that are in conflict with this rule will be
preempted; (2) no retroactive effect will be given to this rule except
as specifically prescribed in the rule; and (3) administrative
proceedings of the National Appeals Division of the Department of
Agriculture (7 CFR part 11) must be exhausted before bringing suit in
court that challenges action taken under this rule.
Unfunded Mandate Reform Act (UMRA)
Title II of the UMRA, Pub. L. 104-4, establishes requirements for
Federal Agencies to assess the effects of their regulatory actions on
State, local, and tribal Governments and on the private sector. Under
section 202 of the UMRA, Federal Agencies generally must prepare a
written statement, including cost-benefit analysis, for proposed and
Final Rules with ``Federal mandates'' that may result in expenditures
to State, local, or tribal Governments, in the aggregate, or to the
private sector, of $100 million or more in any 1 year. When such a
statement is needed for a rule, section 205 of the UMRA generally
requires a Federal Agency to identify and consider a reasonable number
of regulatory alternatives and adopt the least costly, more cost-
effective, or least burdensome alternative that achieves the objectives
of the rule.
This rule contains no Federal mandates (under the regulatory
[[Page 69033]]
provisions of title II of the UMRA) for State, local, and tribal
Governments or for the private sector. Therefore, this rule is not
subject to the requirements of sections 202 and 205 of the UMRA.
Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
The information collection requirements contained in this
regulation have been approved by the OMB under the provisions of 44
U.S.C. chapter 35 and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0189,
in accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) of 1995.
Collectively, 2,191,777 hours of paperwork burden will be made
obsolete from 12 dockets. The new 3560 regulation imposes 907,389 hours
of paperwork burden on the public. This is a decrease of 1,284,388
hours. However, only 111,552 hours of that are due to program changes.
Programs Affected
The programs affected by this regulation are listed in the Catalog
of Federal Domestic Assistance under number 10.405--Farm Labor Housing
Loans and Grants; 10.415--Rural Rental Housing Loans; and 10.427--Rural
Rental Assistance Payments.
Intergovernmental Consultation
These loans are subject to the provisions of Executive Order 12372
that require intergovernmental consultation with State and local
officials. RHS conducts intergovernmental consultations for each loan
in a manner delineated in RD Instruction 1940-J (available in any Rural
Development office and on the Internet at http://www.rdinit.usda.gov/regs/).
Background Information
An Overview
Most communities in the rural United States have a scarcity of
decent rental housing that is affordable to very low-income families.
In addition, migrant farmworkers and farm laborers, whose incomes are
extremely limited, face some of the worst housing conditions in the
nation. Despite improvements in housing quality, especially in the
number of rural units with complete plumbing facilities, there are
about 2.7 million families who live in substandard housing. In the
Agency's experience, rural renters were more than twice as likely to
live in substandard housing as people who owned their own homes. With
lower median incomes and higher poverty rates than homeowners, many
renters are simply unable to find decent housing that is affordable.
RHS's rental housing programs are some of the few resources that enable
the very low-income renters in the rural United States to access
decent, safe, sanitary, and affordable housing. In many rural
communities, there are simply no other safe and sanitary alternatives
for very low-income people.
Through public and private partnerships, RHS enables limited profit
and nonprofit developers to build rental housing for low-income and
very low-income tenants across the rural United States. As of February
2004, the nearly $12 billion portfolio of 463,632 units and more than
17,100 projects often provides the only decent, affordable rental
housing available in rural areas. The program provides affordable
rental housing to very low- and low-income rural families, to disabled
people, and to elderly residents. The average tenant has an adjusted
income of $9,452.
The Agency operates a multifamily rural rental housing direct loan
program under section 515 and section 514 for farm labor housing. The
Agency also provides grants under the section 516 farm labor housing
program. The direct loan program employs a public--private partnership
by providing subsidized loans at an interest rate of 1 percent to
developers to construct or renovate affordable rental complexes in
rural areas. This 1 percent loan keeps the debt service on the property
sufficiently low to support below-market rents affordable to low-income
tenants. Many of these projects also utilize low-income housing tax
credit (LIHTC) proceeds. This program is typically used in conjunction
with the RHS section 521 Rental Assistance (RA) program, which provides
project-based rental assistance payments to property owners to
subsidize tenants' rents to an affordable level. With rental
assistance, tenants pay 30 percent of income toward their rent
(including utilities). Some section 515 projects also utilize the U.S.
Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD's) section 8
project-based assistance, which enables additional very low-income
families to be served.
The direct loan and grant programs under sections 514 and 516
provide low interest loans and grants to provide housing for
farmworkers. These workers may work either at the borrower's farm
(``on-farm'') or at the borrower's or any other farm (``off-farm'') so
long as the tenants meet program eligibility requirements. Section 521
rental assistance is available for off-farm labor housing, but not on-
farm labor housing. The Agency has decided to not provide RA to on-farm
labor housing units because of its limited availability.
Goals of the Regulatory Streamlining Process
This rule results from RHS's pledge to make its programs more
customer friendly, streamline the processes, reduce costs to the
taxpayer, and increase the Agency's level of customer service. These
goals were accomplished through the input and commitment that resulted
from numerous stakeholder meetings with recognized leaders in the
multi-family industry, including borrowers, management agents
identified by industry groups, and tenant representatives.
Representatives of State housing finance agencies, accounting firms,
and the USDA Office of Inspector General (OIG) also participated.
Through these meetings, RHS was able to draw on a vast amount of
expertise and knowledge to meet the following objectives of multi-
family housing reinvention:
Assure affordable safe, decent, and sanitary housing for
very low- and low-income residents in rural communities.
Consolidate and simplify 14 regulations into one
regulation for rural rental housing, farm labor housing, and rental
assistance.
Develop an efficient loan application process that
supports the creation of partnerships and leveraging with local, State,
and other Federal entities.
Clarify RHS's existing policies and procedures to reflect
the best practices within the Agency and within the multi-family field.
Improve efficiency and service to RHS's customers,
correcting past problems and addressing concerns raised by stakeholders
so that particularly complex processes, such as preservation, work
better.
Make much of the farm labor housing review and approval
processes the same as those for rural rental housing processes.
Create a series of handbooks available to field staff and
to applicants, borrowers, and partners that will give clear guidance on
policies, such as developing project budget approvals, determining
project feasibility, and servicing actions.
Streamlining and Consolidation
RHS is undertaking a major redevelopment and consolidation of Rural
Development (RD) regulations affecting the sections 514, 515, 516, and
521 Multi-Family Housing programs. Current customers of these programs
are affected by 14 separate regulations, but as a result of
reinvention, the interim final rule revises and consolidates Agency
regulations affecting the
[[Page 69034]]
sections 514, 515, 516, and 521 Multi-Family Housing programs. This
rule consolidates the policies outlined in 14 separate regulations and
a number of Administrative Notices into one regulation and moves the
procedural guidance to program handbooks. A list of the regulations
being consolidated follows:
7 CFR part 1806, subpart A--Real Property Insurance
7 CFR part 1930, subpart C--Management and Supervision of
Multi-Family Housing Borrowers and Grant Recipients
7 CFR part 1944, subpart D--Farm Labor Housing Loan and
Grant Policies, Procedures, and Authorizations
7 CFR part 1944, subpart E--Rural Rental and Rural
Cooperative Housing Loan Policies, Procedures, and Authorizations
7 CFR part 1944, subpart L--Tenant Grievance and Appeals
Procedure
7 CFR part 1951, subpart D--Final Payment on Loans
7 CFR part 1951, subpart K--Predetermined Amortization
Schedule System (PASS) Account Servicing
7 CFR part 1951, subpart N--Servicing Cases Where
Unauthorized Loan or Other Financial Assistance Was Received--Multi-
Family Housing
7 CFR part 1955, subpart A--Liquidation of Loans Secured
by Real Estate and Acquisition of Real and Chattel Property
7 CFR part 1955, subpart B--Management of Property
7 CFR part 1955, subpart C--Disposal of Inventory Property
7 CFR part 1956, subpart B--Debt Settlement Farm Loan
Programs and Multi-Family Housing
7 CFR part 1965, subpart B--Security Servicing for
Multiple Housing Loans
7 CFR part 1965, subpart E--Prepayment and Displacement
Prevention of Multi-Family Housing Loans
These changes have two clear benefits. First, the consolidated,
streamlined regulation makes information easier to access. Answers to
policy questions are found in one document that has been shortened from
over 1,500 pages to less than 200 pages.
Similarly, answers to process and implementation questions are
found in three handbooks. These handbooks provide ``how-to'' guidance
on loan origination, asset management, and loan servicing. Agency
staff, property owners, property managers, and residents can look for
most answers to day-to-day questions in the handbooks' plain English
explanations and examples. If the regulatory basis for a procedure is
in question, that information can be easily found in the streamlined
regulation. The increased ease of finding information will help improve
public understanding of the rules and eliminate inconsistencies in
interpretation.
Second, the division of policy and procedure gives the Agency more
flexibility to update and revise program procedures. For example, as
automation changes the way program reporting occurs, relevant
procedures can be updated in the handbooks without going through the
complex process of changing the regulation. This will make the Agency
more responsive to changes in the business environment, an important
initiative as the Federal Government strives to have more of its
business conducted online and through electronic submissions.
The paperwork burden reduction to the public resulting from this
rule will be approximately 45 percent. This estimate is derived from
the Paperwork Burden docket that RHS prepared.
The Handbooks
As stated above, the Agency is finalizing three separate handbooks
that present the reader with administrative guidance on loan
origination, asset management, and project servicing. The Loan
Origination Handbook instructs the reader on application and processing
procedures and provides information on matters such as what forms must
be filed, where to submit loan requests, and the Agency's internal
processing procedures. It also provides Agency staff with the guidance
needed to originate loans and grants efficiently and effectively. The
Asset Management Handbook provides RHS Multi-Family Housing staff with
guidance about the Agency's procedures for overseeing borrowers'
performance in meeting their responsibilities under the program. The
Project Servicing Handbook provides loan servicers with guidance about
the Agency's procedures for servicing actions involving borrowers that
receive loans or grants for MFH projects.
The handbooks are not published in the Federal Register but are
available to the public at no cost. The public can access the handbooks
through their local RHS servicing office.
Exhibits
Many of the exhibits that were part of the expired regulations may
be found in the three companion handbooks to 7 CFR part 3560: Loan
Origination, Asset Management, and Project Servicing. As an example,
exhibit B-1 of 7 CFR part 1930, subpart C, is found in exhibit 3-1 of
chapter 3 of the Asset Management Handbook.
Discussion of the Interim Final Rule
This interim final rule combines the provisions of the Streamlining
and Consolidation of the sections 514, 515, 516, and 521 Multi-Family
Housing (MFH) Programs Proposed Rule published on June 2, 2003, and the
Operating Assistance for Off-Farm Migrant Farmworker Projects Proposed
Rule published on November 2, 2000.
RHS is issuing this regulation as an interim final rule, with an
effective date 30 days after publication in the Federal Register, given
that these regulatory changes are very extensive, affect all aspects of
the programs, and seek to achieve significant streamlining of the
programs' regulatory provisions. Delaying implementation of the rule to
allow more time for further consideration would not be in the best
interest of the direct MFH program or its recipients. All provisions of
this regulation are adopted on an interim final basis, are subject to a
90-day comment period, and will remain in effect until the Agency
adopts a final rule.
Changes Presented in the 7 CFR Part 3560 Proposed Rule That Remain
Proposed, but Not Implemented in the Interim Final Rule
Reserve Requirements for Project Improvements
Current regulations include standards for physical condition,
maintenance, and reserve levels to address the physical condition of
the property. These regulations require that borrowers initially
contribute 1 percent annually of total development costs toward a
reserve for project improvements until a total of 10 percent is
reached. While borrowers are permitted to request adjustments to their
reserve contributions, there is no systematic provision for
reevaluating reserves over the life of the project.
The proposed rule included language requiring a life-cycle cost
analysis be used to establish the initial reserve amount needed to meet
the capital needs of new projects. For existing projects, the proposed
rule would have required that any servicing action that involves
additional Agency funds must take into account physical needs of the
project, based on a capital needs assessment. The regulatory impact
analysis for the proposed rule indicated that these provisions would
increase rents and result in additional demand for rental assistance
payments.
[[Page 69035]]
Since the proposed rule was published, RHS has undertaken a
comprehensive property assessment of the properties in the section 515
portfolio. The preliminary results provided useful information for
reconsidering the extent of capital reserves that may be necessary to
meet the capital needs of projects and to explore policy options for
addressing these needs to be reflected in any necessary budgetary and
legislative changes. More time is needed to properly address these
matters. Accordingly, RHS has decided to publish an interim final rule
that does not include these provisions--specifically Sec.
3560.103(c)(3) and Sec. 3560.306(k)(1) of the proposed rule--until
their impacts can be assessed and policy decisions can be made for a
long-term strategy.
For the interim final rule, the Agency is continuing the policy
from the existing regulation 7 CFR part 1930, subpart C. Because 7 CFR
part 1930, subpart C is being replaced by 7 CFR part 3560 in this
rulemaking, the relevant language from the previous regulation is being
carried forward and included in Sec. 3560.306(j)(1) (Changes to
Reserve Requirements), while the language from Sec. 3560.103(c)(3) is
removed and the paragraph marked as reserved.
Changes to the Rule With Significant Impact
Investment Earnings on Reserve Account Funds
RHS has found that most project owners are putting their reserve
funds in accounts that earn no or minimal income. The average reserve
account has been earning only 2 percent interest annually. Project
owners indicate that, under current regulations and tax rules, they
have few options for investing these funds and face a strong
disincentive for investing them in a manner that maximizes their
return. The disincentive is due to Internal Revenue Service (IRS) rules
that treat income earned on reserve accounts as investment income for
the owner and thus is taxable, rather than project, income.
This rule makes two changes to address these limitations. First, it
allows a greater number of investment options, including relatively
conservative investment vehicles that are used by public agencies and
are not expected to pose a significant increased risk to the funds.
This change would give owners more flexibility for investing their
reserve account funds and is expected to result in greater returns on
these funds and thus more income to be put toward better project
operations and capital improvements. The increase in interest income
would lower the amount needed from tenant rents and rental assistance
to meet project needs.
Second, the rule addresses the issue of ``phantom income''--the
interest income earned on reserve accounts. This income is committed to
the project but not accessible to the owner. To ease the burden of
paying taxes on this phantom income by for profit and limited profit
entities, the rule allows owners, with RHS's approval, to withdraw up
to 25 percent of the annual interest income earned on the reserve funds
to cover the tax expense. The 25 percent allowance was determined to be
a reasonable estimate of the tax rate for the average investor. It was
decided to use a single rate for all owners to simplify the
administration of this feature. RHS also consulted with the USDA OIG
and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) to
arrive at the 25 percent figure.
Transferring Surplus Funds
Prior regulations required that if a property had a surplus in its
general operating account at the end of the project's fiscal year in
excess of 10 percent, the amount over 10 percent had to be transferred
into the property's reserve for replacement account. This policy has
been changed so that if a project has surplus cash in excess of 20
percent at the end of the project's fiscal year, the amount over 20
percent must be transferred to the reserve account. Numerous comments
to the proposed rule said that the prior policy allows for no
contingency should the project have an unplanned, extraordinary
expense. The policy also results in project cash flows that are
extremely tight. The new policy in the interim final rule should help
to mitigate these cash flow problems.
Treatment of Surplus Operating Funds Transferred to the Reserve Account
As stated above, the Agency requires surplus funds in a project's
operating account to be transferred into the project's reserve account.
However, there was confusion about whether the amount transferred could
be deducted from the scheduled contributions to the reserve account.
This issue is clarified in the interim final rule, which states that
transfers of surplus funds into the reserve account may not be deducted
from the scheduled contribution. The surplus funds are to be used for
addressing a project's capital needs.
Prepayment Policies and Procedures
The Agency, borrowers, and tenant advocates agreed that the
prepayment request process is difficult and confusing. Agency staff in
the National Office recognized that they were spending a great deal of
time providing technical assistance to Field Offices in responding to
prepayment requests. Borrowers commented that the process was unduly
burdensome to borrowers who were within their rights to request
prepayment. Tenant advocates pointed out that tenants are virtually
excluded from the process because the process complexity makes it
difficult for tenants to take action. Discussion of these concerns at
the stakeholder meetings indicated that RHS needed to clarify many of
the policies toward prepayment and, where possible, make policy changes
that would help simplify the process. Consequently, this rule includes
changes to Agency policy regarding tenant notification and projects on
the waiting list for incentives.
Tenant Notifications
Stakeholders suggested changes to the content and timing of tenant
notifications to provide tenants with the information they need to
participate in the prepayment process. This rule replaces the
requirement for one early tenant notification with a series of
notifications aimed at keeping the tenants informed of the Agency's and
the borrower's decisions throughout the process.
Alternatives to Acceleration When Needed To Preserve Affordable Units
The Agency received numerous comments on the proposed rule on the
preservation process. One issue that was raised repeatedly is that the
Agency should have alternative means to sanction a borrower for
monetary or nonmonetary default without accelerating the borrower's
account. Commenters expressed concern that a borrower could force the
Agency to accelerate the loan to be able to prepay the loan. The Agency
cannot prevent such an occurrence in all cases, but has added language
to the interim final rule to acknowledge this problem and to
demonstrate its intention to prevent it from occurring. Before
accelerating a project loan, the Agency will consider the possibility
that the borrower is forcing an acceleration to circumvent the
prepayment process. If it is found that this is the borrower's
motivation, the Agency will consider alternatives to acceleration, such
as suing for specific performance under loan and
[[Page 69036]]
management documents. Subpart J of the interim final rule provides
several alternatives to acceleration.
Waiting List
One of the most common complaints heard about the prepayment
process is its open-ended nature. Borrowers who are approved for
incentives and agree to stay in the program in exchange for incentives
may have to wait years before the funds for the incentives become
available. The interim final rule establishes a maximum time on the
waiting list of 15 months and allows borrowers three choices at the end
of that time: (1) Stay on the waiting list and continue waiting for the
incentives; (2) withdraw from the list and continue operating the
property for program purposes; or (3) offer to sell the property to a
nonprofit organization. This last option may allow some properties to
eventually prepay if they complete the process involved in offering the
project for sale and fail to receive a bona fide offer. This option
responds to the reality that the Agency may not always have the
resources to keep borrowers in the program indefinitely and that costly
legal battles are likely if it does not allow other options to the
borrowers. Further, it is believed that many borrowers have not applied
for prepayment incentives and joined the waiting list because of the
extended time period they must currently remain on the list. If the 15-
month maximum time period is implemented, a greater number of these
borrowers may seek prepayment with the expectation that they will be
allowed to exercise one of the three options at the end of the 15-month
time period. If borrowers do prepay and convert their apartment
complexes to market rate units, RHS will take measures to protect the
tenants at these properties by providing them with a letter of priority
entitlement (LOPE) that gives them priority in Agency-financed housing
elsewhere. However, if alternative vacant RHS-financed rental housing
is not available in the market, the impacted tenants face displacement
or rent overburden if they remain in place.
Incentives
The interim final rule clarifies the Agency's policy on incentives
and adds several requirements to help ensure that the limited amount of
funding available for incentives, as discussed in the overview section
of this analysis, is used efficiently to benefit the program. For
example, this rule outlines the process a borrower must follow when
requesting permission to prepay and be eligible to receive incentives.
In addition, the proposed rule clarifies that third-party equity
loans are an option for borrowers who are seeking equity loans through
the prepayment process. The use of third-party equity funding stretches
RHS's incentive funds by providing resources from alternative funding
sources. However, it should be noted that debt costs from other sources
might be higher than financing received under the section 515 program.
For example, section 515 funding is lent at an effective 1 percent
interest rate and amortized for 50 years, whereas third-party funds may
be lent at rates ranging from interest free to market rate depending
upon the source of the funds, with amortization periods ranging from
fully deferred to 30 years. All proposed third-party equity loans must
be underwritten and reviewed to the same standard as section 515 loans
to ensure that no project is made financially unfeasible as a result of
a third-party loan.
Initial Operating Capital
Under previous regulations, borrowers were required to pay the
equivalent of 2 percent of the cost of developing a project into an
account for initial operating costs. They earned no interest on this
account, which also received funds from other sources, including rental
income. If within 2 years the project was operating successfully and
there was sufficient capital in the operating account to maintain the
financial soundness of the account, borrowers might take out up to the
full amount of their contribution. While on deposit in the operating
account, borrowers received no return on investment for the funds.
After 2 years, any portion of the contribution that remained in the
account must remain in the account to meet ongoing operating capital
needs. During the stakeholder meetings, borrowers expressed concern
that the previous regulation did not allow them sufficient time to
recover their contribution, even when a project is functioning well and
no longer needs the additional capital. RHS determined that the 2-year
limit was originally set due to difficulties in tracking the funds
within the project's overall budget, and that its new management
information system, has the capability to provide better tracking and
disclosure of these funds. Therefore, RHS is extending the time limit
for the recovery of initial operating capital from 2 to 7 years. In
selecting 7 years for the new limit, RHS received input from field
staff and industry groups indicating that the prospects for recovery
after 7 years were minimal, either because financial soundness could
not be established or owners were willing to leave their contribution
in the account.
This change allows more borrowers to fully recover the payments
they make to initial operating capital accounts. It is uncertain how
many borrowers would benefit from the change and how many dollars these
borrowers would be allowed to recover from these accounts. Because of
the limitation on recovery from only financially sound accounts, it is
unlikely that there would be immediate, negative impacts on the
performance of the MFH programs. However, it should be noted that by
allowing borrowers to recover funds from initial operating capital
accounts, these funds would not be available for ongoing capital needs.
The potential withdrawal of initial operating capital is not considered
to have significant impacts on rents and thus on costs to the
Government and tenants.
Other Changes to the Rule
Conventional Rents for Comparable Units
RHS has incorporated the concept of ``conventional rents for
comparable units'' (CRCU), which is one of the most important policies
established by the interim final rule. The concept is applicable to
loan origination, loan servicing, replacement reserve set asides, and
preservation. In essence, rents are to be capped at conventional rents
for comparable units in the area where the housing is located.
Comparable units would be those equivalent to RHS-financed units in
terms of quality and amenities. If no such units are located in the
same community, units from a similar community could be used for
comparison. Comparable units also means that the units the Agency
finances would meet a standard of economical development--modest in
size, facilities, and design, yet compatible with the community.
RHS will continue to require that rents be based on the project's
operating costs. However, the interim final rule requires that RHS not
approve project proposals, servicing actions, or prepayment incentives
that involve rents above the CRCU, except in limited circumstances,
where such rents are determined to be in the best interest of the
Government and the tenants of the project. The Agency wants to
emphasize that the comparison to CRCUs is not used during annual budget
reviews and requests for rent changes.
By placing an upper limit on rents, RHS expects to protect the
Government from investing in projects that may be
[[Page 69037]]
wasteful or fraudulent, and to ensure that projects are competitive so
that vacancy and other market-driven problems can be avoided. In this
way, the CRCU should improve the long-term viability of MFH projects,
limit the costs of rental assistance, and reduce the risk of defaults.
The interim final rule maintains flexibility for serving areas
where MFH projects provide the only decent, safe, and sanitary
affordable rental housing in a local housing market, or where a
significant amount of the substandard housing rents for less than the
cost of operating a MFH project. In such cases, RHS may base the CRCU
on rents outside the local community. It may also grant an exemption
for exceptional circumstances.
The CRCU will create a definitive underwriting standard. It will
apply to leveraging other low-interest loan funds or paying for
additional owner contributions (up to 3 percent return on investment
over required contribution), improving project design and amenities
(within the definition of economical development), and adjusting
reserves or other serving actions. In areas where rents are below the
CRCU, rental assistance costs and loan levels may increase. However, it
will also ensure ``marketable units'' if the Agency should lose rental
assistance units.
Cost Reasonableness Basis for the Evaluation of Project Proposals
The interim final rule also includes changes related to evaluating
the cost reasonableness of project proposals. Under current
regulations, the Agency has applied a policy of cost containment when
evaluating whether the costs of the proposed design for new projects
are reasonable. While this policy has effectively held down
construction costs for new projects, Agency field staff and borrowers
report that lower-cost project design features are not always cost
effective over the long term. They report that while certain design
features reduce initial construction costs, they actually cost more
over the life of the project because the components used require higher
levels of maintenance and more frequent replacement.
Projects with these design features experience higher routine
maintenance costs, higher expenditures of project reserves, and a
greater need for subsequent financing for rehabilitation. The result is
an upward pressure on project rents and increased use of rental
assistance funding. To the extent a project cannot support the rent
increases needed to cover these costs, the project faces an increased
risk of financial failure or compliance violations due to physical
deficiencies.
Previously, RHS had no process for conducting life-cycle analyses.
The requirement for a life-cycle cost analysis is to be used for new
projects. The requirement is intended to assure quality construction,
as well as the long-term viability of complexes. Under the interim
final rule, the Agency will change its policy for evaluating project
proposals to consider the life-cycle costs of proposed project designs.
Under this policy, the Agency may approve a proposed project design
that is not the lowest cost if the life-cycle cost analysis that is
prepared by the project architect reveals that the design achieves the
lowest overall cost over the life of the project. Industry standards
will be used for the analysis. To assure that new projects are
affordable and appropriate to the local housing market, this rule
restricts the Agency from approving project designs that would cause
rents to exceed the market standard (except in exceptional
circumstances where such costs are determined to be in the best
interest of the Government and the tenants). Examples of two design
features that may cost more initially but decrease operating expenses
over the life of the project are brick exteriors and increased thermal
standards. In the past, many projects were built using a popular
exterior plywood siding. These buildings require replacement of the
original siding. Similar buildings that utilized brick as an exterior
finish or partial finish are not having similar expenses, thereby
decreasing demands on the reserve accounts. Thermal standards in RHS-
financed projects often exceed local codes. By building RHS projects
with more energy efficiency, tenant and owner utility expenses are kept
lower, thereby decreasing the need for rent increases or tenant utility
allowance increases. By avoiding the additional rent and utility
allowance increases, tenant rent overburden is avoided, as is the
additional drain on scarce rental assistance resources.
Because this change will allow for more costly designs, the Agency
expects the size of initial loans and initial rents to grow slightly.
However, higher upfront costs would be offset by lower long-term costs.
The Agency expects that new projects receiving funding under this
policy will have lower maintenance and rehabilitation needs, thereby
lowering project rents and use of Agency rental assistance over the
life of the project. Lower maintenance expenses, resulting in rents
essentially the same as projects built under cost containment
guidelines, would offset the increased debt service due to higher
construction costs. This change will also lower demand for subsequent
loans from the Agency in a time when additional loan funds are
increasingly scarce.
Management Certification
Under previous regulations, RHS needed to approve the management
agreement between the borrower and the management entity for a project.
This requirement for Agency approval was designed to ensure that the
management agent was also accountable for meeting program requirements.
However, the Agency has found that this policy resulted in a time-
consuming approval process because these agreements varied considerably
from borrower to borrower, and lacked the consistency necessary to
implement a national program. Further, the USDA OIG has found that many
management agreements and plans lack the specificity to accurately
describe how project and management costs are prorated between expenses
paid by the project fee and those paid by the management fee.
The interim final rule eliminates Agency approval of management
agreements and instead requires borrowers to submit a management
certification in an Agency-approved format. In submitting this
document, borrowers certify that their agreement with the project
management entity obligates that entity to comply with program
requirements; establishes sanctions for failure to comply with these
requirements, including termination of the agent; and specifies
penalties for false certifications. This change eliminates the
administrative burden on RHS for approving management agreements, while
strengthening the Agency's ability to hold borrowers and their agents
accountable for their management responsibilities. In addition,
revisions to the management fee policy, discussed below, allow for a
more definitive method to differentiate between project and management
agent expenses.
Management Plan
Under previous regulations, borrowers were also required to obtain
RHS's approval of the management plans for their projects. The purpose
of this policy was to assure the Agency that the borrower and
management entities would have adequate systems in place to comply with
program requirements. The requirement to obtain Agency approval for
updates only added to the burden for both the Agency staff and the
borrowers. This policy also left
[[Page 69038]]
the Agency in an awkward position when borrowers with sound projects
changed their operations but did not update their management plan. The
USDA OIG has reported audit findings where borrowers and management
agents have not been operating the properties in conformity with the
executed management plan. While this is true, RHS has found that the
agent and owner have not engaged in an improper practice; instead, the
practice is just not documented correctly in the management plan. The
OIG has agreed that if the practice had been correctly disclosed in the
management plan, the practice would not have been listed as an audit
finding. The OIG has worked with RHS during the stakeholder process to
identify changes in policy and procedures and has addressed this
particular area of confusion. The result of the change will establish
clearer borrower and management agent accountability combined with
procedures that discourage RHS micromanagement of borrower and
management agent business practices. Additionally, fewer OIG findings
will result, requiring less OIG and RHS staff time to resolve.
The interim final rule eliminates Agency approval of project
management plans and instead requires that borrowers submit a
management plan that addresses a specified list of operational areas.
RHS staff will review the plan to see if the required areas have been
covered in the plan but will not approve the plan. The plan will be
used to monitor project performance, but discrepancies between project
operations and the plan will not constitute a violation of program
requirements, unless the discrepancies affect program performance. This
change reduces the administrative burden on RHS staff and borrowers. It
also provides borrowers with greater flexibility to make sound changes
in project operations without creating a performance concern.
Management Fees
Previously, program regulations required that management fees for
projects be reasonable and competitive. However, the USDA OIG staff
found that the management fees approved for projects varied
significantly, ranging from as low as $25 per unit per month to $55 per
unit per month across States. This led the OIG to question whether the
higher fees found in some instances were reasonable. As with management
plans, the OIG expressed concern that the current regulations were
neither clear nor consistent concerning what services were to be
included in the management fee. In some States many of the maintenance
services provided by management company staff were included in the
management fees, and in other States the charges were not. In some
States insurance and tax costs for project employees were included in
management fees, while in other States the costs were billed directly
to the project. Comments by Agency staff at stakeholder meetings
revealed that the variations were often due to differences in Field
Office interpretations about the services to be covered by the
management fee. They noted that services not covered by the fee were
paid for as a line item on the budget. When management fees plus other
fees for services were accounted for, management compensation was
consistent. Together with representatives of the property management
industry and the OIG, RHS developed the bundle of management services
that is a part of this regulatory change. By moving to a standardized
grouping of services that is to be included in the management fee, RHS
and the OIG believe that the change will greatly improve consistency
among different areas of the country and RHS offices. As stated in the
previous paragraph, as these services were all being provided
previously but charged to the project on different lines of the
operating budget. The grouping of these expenses in a different manner
would neither increase nor decrease the overall cost to the project or
the rents being charged.
The interim final rule and accompanying handbooks address the
inconsistencies in fees by establishing a standard bundle of services
covered by the management fee and a framework for setting standard
adjustments for project characteristics that warrant slightly higher
fees, such as for a new management agent taking over a troubled
property. However, this rule should improve RHS's ability to document
that the management fees for projects are reasonable. It should also
ensure consistency among RHS Field Offices in interpreting the services
included in fees. Additionally, the number of OIG findings should be
reduced, requiring less OIG and RHS staff time to resolve.
Standards for Physical Conditions at Projects
Previous regulations established borrowers' responsibility to
maintain their projects in decent, safe, and sanitary condition.
However, the USDA OIG raised concerns about a lack of consistency in
how this standard has been implemented.
The interim final rule establishes specific standards for physical
conditions that clarify the conditions that constitute decent, safe,
and sanitary housing. These standards do not represent a change in
Agency policy. Rather, they make Agency expectations explicit and thus
improve the Agency's ability to enforce physical standards, thereby
improving the quality of living conditions for tenants and better
preserving the security of Agency loans.
Recertifications of Tenant Eligibility
Recertifications are used to document tenants' income for the
purpose of determining eligibility to live in a multi-family housing
unit and qualify for rental assistance payments. Previous regulations
required both an annual recertification and an interim recertification
whenever tenants' income changes. Stakeholders indicated that the
recertification process was time consuming for tenants, borrowers, and
the Agency.
The interim final rule simplifies the process by eliminating the
requirements for an interim recertification for tenants' monthly income
changes of less than $100. RHS arrived at the $100 threshold by
comparing the cost of recertifying tenants with the benefit either the
Government or the tenants would receive as a result of increased or
decreased rent. Based on consultation with industry groups and the OIG,
RHS determined that the cost to recertify a tenant was about $150.
Assuming that any change would apply for only 6 months of the year, the
$150 figure was converted to a monthly figure of $25, which became the
threshold. However, after receiving numerous comments that this
threshold amount was too low, that the amount of increase in tenants'
contribution toward rent would be minimal, and in consideration of the
tenant income profile of RHS properties, the Agency decided to increase
the threshold to $100 per month of income change rather than tenant
contribution. The regulation also allows tenants to request an interim
recertification any time between annual recertifications if their
income changes by $50 or more per month. This provision was included to
avoid adverse impacts on tenants with the lowest income for whom the
$50 per month figure may constitute a significant share of their
income.
While a detailed analysis of how the impact of the $100 and $50
thresholds might be distributed between the Government and tenants was
not completed, recent OIG audits have indicated that the current
recertification process produces approximately the same amount of rent
increases as rent
[[Page 69039]]
decreases, thus resulting in little or no overall change in rental
assistance payments.
Lease Protection
The interim final rule would require that leases for rental units
that receive rental assistance include a clause that specifies that
tenants' contribution to rent will not increase if rental assistance is
terminated due to actions by the borrower/owner. RHS estimates that
there have been two to four incidents per year in which borrowers/
owners have attempted to make up for the loss of rental assistance
payments due to a default on their part by raising tenants' rents. Such
action usually occurs in a contentious situation, with the borrowers/
owners already in default and uncooperative. Consequently, requiring
leases to include a clause specifically prohibiting such action may not
resolve all cases. However, it would provide tenants with a regulatory
and lease citation that could be used in bringing court proceedings
against abusive borrowers/owners. Further, it would provide RHS with an
additional instance of noncompliance with regulations that could be
used against owners in a liquidation action or in a criminal or civil
court case. However, it is uncertain whether cases could be resolved
more quickly at less cost to the Government.
While the interim final rule offers some additional protection to
tenants and imposes some additional responsibility on borrower/owners,
it is difficult to place a monetary value on these impacts. Each case
is likely to be different, and the resolutions are uncertain. The low
incidence, however, suggests that the impacts would not be significant
in value.
Limited English Proficiency (LEP)
The Agency has issued guidance to clarify the responsibilities of
recipients and subrecipients of Federal funds from the Agency to assist
them in fulfilling their responsibilities to LEP persons under title VI
of the Civil Rights Act, as amended, and implementing regulations. The
Agency has incorporated language in subparts A and D of the interim
final rule stating that borrowers and grantees must take steps to
ensure the meaningful participation in Agency programs and activities
by LEP persons free of charge.
Application Process for Rental Subsidies
Rental subsidies provide critical funds for housing very low-income
tenants. Projects that receive RHS's rental assistance, including
interest subsidy and rental assistance payments, depend on the
continued availability of these subsidies to maintain in-place tenants
in their units. Under previous regulations, borrowers were required to
complete full rental assistance requests to renew expiring subsidies.
Stakeholders noted that the Agency gathers sufficient information
through the budget approval process to assess project needs for rental
assistance.
The interim final rule states that expiring subsidies will be
renewed at the existing number of units and to the extent that
sufficient funds are available. To indicate that rental assistance
units are needed, borrowers must fill in a single check box on the
project budget form (which must be filed annually) instead of
completing a separate form as currently required. These changes relieve
borrowers of the burden of applying, and the Agency of the burden of
reviewing the requests. Instead, the review can be accomplished as part
of the budget approval process. The change has no effect on project or
program budgets. It does not change the Agency's determination about
rental subsidies; it simply streamlines the process.
Transferring Rental Assistance
The Agency has revised the interim final rule to state that the
Agency will transfer rental assistance from one property to another
after it has been unused for 6 months. Prior to transferring the RA,
the Agency must conduct an analysis to determine whether any of the
current tenants or applicants at the top of the waiting list need RA,
so that the subsidy is not transferred prematurely. This provision
should help to ensure that rental assistance stays in or is transferred
to properties where it is needed the most.
Budget Approval
RHS requires its borrowers to submit an annual budget, which is
used in setting rents. Approximately 92 percent of these budgets arrive
for approval at the same time because most owners operate on a
calendar-year basis and their schedules for developing budgets is about
the same. Budget approval is a time-consuming process that taxes RHS
staff resources in times of high volume and forces borrowers to operate
for extended periods of time with unapproved budgets while the review
process is underway. Previous regulations required that all budgets be
reviewed in the same way, regardless of whether they represented no
real change from the previous year or contained significant and
potentially controversial changes.
The interim final rule establishes an expedited review for those
budgets that are within a certain threshold requiring little or no
increase in rents. The threshold is based on data to be obtained from
the MFIS III ADP system on area-wide norms for projects within RHS's
MFH portfolio, as well as commercially available multifamily income and
expense surveys. Details on how the threshold will be computed will be
contained in the program handbooks rather than in the interim final
rule, which will facilitate making any necessary adjustments in the
threshold to meet changing conditions.
The new process could improve program performance by allowing RHS
to focus its review on those budgets that contain significant changes,
while expediting approval of those budgets with little or no change.
However, it is unlikely that the new process would have measurable
budget impacts, such as reduced rental assistance costs or fewer
defaults, because the decisions RHS makes on whether to approve a
budget will most likely be the same under the new process as under the
existing system. Those decisions will, however, be reached in a more
efficient manner.
Summary of Tenant Comments
There was a requirement in the proposed rule stating that when a
borrower requests a rent increase for a particular Agency-financed MFH
project, the borrower must provide a summary of all written comments
from the tenants to the Agency. The Agency determined that this was a
cumbersome and unnecessary requirement as most tenants provide their
comments on rent increase proposals directly to the Agency anyway. The
Agency removed this requirement, resulting in a decrease in the
borrower's burden.
Project Operating Accounts
The interim final rule states that rather than maintaining separate
bank accounts for every property, a borrower or manager of Agency-
financed MFH projects may have one operating account for all properties
in their portfolio, as long as the borrower, manager, and bank track
each property's funds separately. With today's enhanced reporting
technology, banks can divide accounts into subaccounts, to ensure
accurate reporting of all transactions for each property. In addition,
this policy is economical, because it helps the borrower and/or manager
save on bank fees and charges for separate accounts.
[[Page 69040]]
Priorities for Budgeted Expenses
The priorities for budgeting a property's operating expenses have
been revised in the interim final rule. In the proposed rule, the first
priority for budgeted expenditures was critical maintenance and
operating expenses. Due to comments received by the Agency, the interim
final rule now lists amounts owed to a prior lienholder as the first
priority for budgeted expenditures. This new policy reflects the
current reality that the Agency is not always the primary lienholder on
Agency-financed projects. The policy also acknowledges the Agency's
focus on participating with other funding sources.
Annual Financial Reporting
Under previous regulations, the Agency required that for all
projects of 25 units or more the owners contracted with a Certified
Public Accountant (CPA) to perform an audit in accordance with
Government Auditing Standards (GAS). Because a large percentage of the
Agency's portfolio consists of projects with between 16 and 24 units,
annual financial statements have not been prepared for a substantial
number of projects financed by the Agency. Moreover, certain components
of GAS-audited financial statements did not address the Agency's need
for certain information related to specific aspects of project
performance, and these financial statements are prohibitively expensive
for a substantial portion of the Agency's portfolio. Finally, the
previous audit guide did not require the auditor to provide information
that remains of specific importance to the Agency, such as information
on identity-of-interest (IOI) transactions.
Under the interim final rule, owners of MFH projects with 16 or
more units must base their annual financial reports on an engagement
report completed according to ``agreed upon procedures'' established by
the Agency, which will be included in detail in the new Multi-Family
Housing Engagement Guidelines to be delivered by the Agency. Borrowers
must include the engagement report with their annual financial reports
submitted to the Agency. These borrowers will not be required to submit
a GAS audit prepared by an independent CPA. The new Multi-Family
Housing Engagement Guidelines will provide specific instructions on how
the individual preparing the annual financial statements should handle
compliance issues. The annual financial statements must be completed
using agreed upon procedures that help meet certain performance
standards. The engagement must be initiated by borrowers using an
engagement letter, which will either:
Reference the Multi-Family Housing Engagement Guidelines,
which will specify the program compliance issues that the Agency wants
the preparer to address and the guidelines for testing compliance; or
State the list of compliance issues that the Agency wants
the preparer to address.
Owners of small projects, which are defined as projects with fewer
than 16 units, must submit annual financial statements that are
prepared in a manner consistent with the Agency's Engagement Guide
using a limited scope engagement based on Agency-approved procedures
and must certify that the housing meets the performance standards
established in the interim final rule. The annual financial statements
may be prepared by a CPA or other individual with the training and
experience to prepare the report. The information presented in the
annual financial statements must be prepared in a manner consistent
with the requirements of the Engagement Guide.
In response to USDA OIG concerns, the Agency is implementing these
changes to the annual financial reporting system to ensure that a
higher percentage of projects submit annual financial statements to the
Agency, and that the preparers of these statements are made aware of
the Agency's specific concerns so that project funds are spent
appropriately.
Loans From Third Parties
In its continuing efforts to streamline and facilitate transfers,
the Agency has included a new provision in the interim final rule that
specifically allows for loans from a third-party source in conjunction
with an ownership transfer or sale of a housing project. The loan may
be in the form of a first mortgage or deed of trust, junior or parity
lien, or soft second mortgage. This provision should make it easier for
purchasers to put together more than one source of financing and allow
for greater leveraging of Agency funds.
Transfers at New Rates and Terms
Previously, Agency regulations implied that project transfers
typically occur at the same rates and terms as the original loan. In
acknowledging the need to streamline and facilitate the transfer
process, the Agency will allow transfers to occur at new rates and
terms if the transfer would result in lower rents to the tenants than
at the original rates and terms. Again, this will help preserve the
Agency's affordable housing resources without increasing the drain on
the Agency's budget, and without resulting in higher rents.
Equity Loan at the Time of Transfer
Previously, the regulation prohibited debt to be added to pay for
equity to the seller. In an effort to facilitate transfers and provide
incentives to sellers to assure the project remains as affordable
rental housing, the new regulations will allow for equity loans from
the Agency or from third parties at the time of transfer.
Special Servicing, Enforcement, Liquidation, and Other Actions
In response to stakeholder, USDA OIG, and Agency staff comments,
the Agency made a number of changes to strengthen Agency servicing.
None of the changes to the regulations on servicing constitute changes
in policy; rather, they address a lack of clarity in existing rules and
incorporate policies that previously existed only in Administrative
Notices. As such, the changes are not anticipated to have either a
negative or a positive budget impact.
For example, the interim final rule clarifies the definition of
``default'' by spelling out specific actions that owners may take or
fail to take that would cause the Agency to determine that the loan is
at risk. The rule also simplifies the submission requirements for
transfers of project ownership. Other changes serve to simplify
servicing actions in an effort to enhance the Agency's flexibility in
addressing servicing issues. These changes allow for swifter and more
consistent action to address troubled projects--for example, focusing
action for the Agency and borrowers. This would help to avert more
serious problems in the long term and allow Agency staff to concentrate
their efforts on other portfolio management issues.
Additional Enforcement Tools
As a result of the Debt Collection Improvement Act and other
statutes, the Agency has added some important enforcement provisions to
the interim final rule. These include provisions allowing the Agency to
have the U.S. Attorney bring an action in U.S. court to recover project
assets or income, seek civil monetary penalties and other sanctions
against borrowers for ``equity skimming,'' and seek legal remedies for
money laundering and obstruction of Federal audits. These are important
provisions that shift some of the burden of recovering lost resources
from the Agency to the rest of the Federal Government and also give the
Agency
[[Page 69041]]
more effective tools in enforcing its requirements.
Management and Disposition of Real Estate Owned Properties
The interim final rule consolidates current regulations regarding
real estate owned (REO) property and clarifies the specific
requirements that apply to MFH properties. Previous regulations
addressed many different types of REO properties acquired by USDA,
including MFH properties. Often, the guidance provided was generic or
related to non-MFH properties. The interim final rule provides specific
guidance to MFH properties, taking into consideration the physical
condition of the property, occupancy status of the property by eligible
program tenants, and determinations of whether the property is still
needed under the program. This rule also adds flexibility to the
Agency's requirements for selling the property; the change allows the
sale to be conducted while taking into account local market conditions.
It also provides Field Offices with several options in selling REO
properties, giving them authority that previously rested with the
National Office. With more options and flexibility, processing and
sales times will be reduced.
Farm Labor Housing
The interim final rule consolidates separate program regulations
for the Farm Labor Housing loan and grant program along with separate
regulations for other MFH programs. It does, however, maintain separate
subparts for off-farm labor housing and on-farm labor housing. This was
necessary to preserve the distinction between off-farm labor housing,
which consists of multi-unit housing operated by nonprofit corporations
or public bodies that receive either loans or loans and grants under
the sections 514 and 516 programs, and on-farm labor housing, which
consists of single or small multi-family housing operated by farmers
who receive only loans. Several statutory changes to the Farm Labor
Housing loan and grant program have been made over the past 5 years.
Previous regulations have been modified to incorporate these changes
prior to drafting this proposed rule. Since the changes are currently
in place, they are not addressed again in this analysis. No further
program changes other than regulation consolidation are included.
Technical Assistance Grants to Developers of Off-Farm Labor Housing
The Agency received numerous comments on the proposed rule with
regard to technical assistance grants to developers of off-farm labor
housing. The Farm Labor Housing Technical Assistance Final Rule
published on October 31, 2002, in the Federal Register (67 FR 66308),
gives the Agency the authority to award technical assistance grants to
eligible private and public nonprofit agencies. These grant recipients
will, in turn, assist other organizations to obtain loans and grants
for the construction of off-farm labor housing. This information was
inadvertently not incorporated into the proposed rule. However, the
requirements for technical assistance grants have been incorporated
into the interim final rule.
Operating Assistance for Off-Farm Labor Housing
The Agency published a proposed rule entitled ``Operating
Assistance for Off-Farm Migrant Farmworker Projects'' on November 2,
2000, in the Federal Register (65 FR 65790). The requirements for
operating assistance were not included in the 7 CFR part 3560 proposed
rule, but have been added to the interim final rule. Operating
assistance may be used in lieu of tenant-specific rental assistance in
off-farm labor housing projects financed under section 514 or section
516 that serve migrant farmworkers. Owners of eligible projects may
choose tenant-specific rental assistance as described in Sec. 3560.573
or operating assistance, or a combination of both; however, any tenant
or unit assisted under this section may not receive rental assistance
under Sec. 3560.572. The objective of this program is to provide
assistance toward the cost of operating the project so that rents may
be set at rates that are affordable to very low- and low-income migrant
farmworkers.
Priorities for Admitting Applicants to Off-Farm Labor Housing
The previous regulations contained an elaborate and complicated
priority system for admitting applicants into off-farm labor housing
projects. The Agency received numerous comments on the proposed rule
stating that the priority system was cumbersome and confusing. The
previous regulations had four priorities, two of which had two
subpriorities. These priorities have been streamlined into three simple
categories in the interim final rule. This change will result in
waiting lists that are simpler to create and maintain and should
promote greater adherence to the Agency's admission criteria.
Income Limits for Off-Farm Labor Housing
Off-farm labor housing applicants and tenants must demonstrate that
they earn a certain portion of their annual household income from farm
labor. The prior regulation, 7 CFR part 1944, subpart D, exhibit J,
provided income thresholds for applicants of off-farm labor housing
projects. Borrowers applied these percentages to the income threshold
for their particular region of the country. The income thresholds
established de facto income floors for farm labor housing projects.
Exhibit J, however, had not been updated since 1986 and reflected
average income figures for farmworkers from 1983. Therefore, the Agency
conducted research on average farmworker earnings based on the 2000
U.S. Census and will include an updated version of exhibit J in the
Asset Management Handbook. The interim final rule has been revised to
state: ``Actual dollars earned from farm labor by domestic farm
laborers other than migrant farmworkers must equal at least 65 percent
of the annual income limits indicated for the standard Federal regions
as published by the Agency for their particular region of the country.
For migrant farmworkers living in seasonal housing, the actual dollars
earned from farm labor by a domestic farm laborer must equal at least
50 percent of annual income limits indicated for the standard Federal
regions, as published by the Agency.'' While imposing these new income
limits may result in an increased number of applicants to be ineligible
for occupancy in off-farm labor housing, the Agency anticipates that
this increase will be extremely small, given the concomitant increase
in average farmworker wages during the past 20 years.
Office of Rental Housing Preservation
Changes to the Housing Act of 1949 required the establishment of an
Office of Rental Housing Preservation within RHS for handling matters
related the preservation of affordable rental housing in the Agency's
MFH portfolio. RHS established this office within its Multi-Family
Housing Portfolio Management Division.
The Office of Rental Housing Preservation has already taken steps
to enhance the Agency's consistency in reviewing prepayment requests
and offering incentives by making a single entity responsible for
coordinating all preservation actions. The interim final rule
recognizes the establishment of this office and defines its
responsibility to
[[Page 69042]]
coordinate, direct, and monitor the RHS's MFH preservation activities.
This addition to the rule complies with the statute and clarifies the
role of the National Office in the preservation process.
Unauthorized Assistance
When tenants receive unauthorized assistance through their own
error, the Agency has a duty to try to recapture the assistance. Under
previous regulations, much of this responsibility was put on project
owners. The process was both time consuming and burdensome.
Furthermore, project owners, as well as RHS, have only limited ability
to collect unauthorized assistance, and in many cases the cost of
pursuing unauthorized assistance outweighed the funds collected.
Recognizing these circumstances, the interim final rule relieves
project owners of the responsibility of recovering unauthorized
assistance due to tenant error once tenants have moved. It also
provides for RHS to determine whether unauthorized assistance should be
pursued. These changes give the Agency greater flexibility to apply
resources cost effectively toward cases that most deserve to be
pursued, and to relieve project owners of the burden of pursuing
tenants who no longer live in their projects. This rule also brings RHS
into compliance with the Debt Collection Improvement Act by allowing
the use of collection agencies and offsets to collect unauthorized
assistance from project owners and tenants.
Market Value, Subject to Restricted Rents
In the past, the process for determining the security value of
Agency-financed MFH projects has been overly complicated and a source
of confusion because of the various methods of valuation that the
Agency used, some of which were not those typically used and understood
by the appraisal industry. Therefore, the interim final rule now
clarifies that appraisals must include the ``market value'' of the
property, or the ``market value, subject to restricted rents.'' The
term ``market value'' is defined in Sec. 3560.752. ``Market value,
subject to restricted rents'' means that the appraisal will take into
consideration any rent limits, rent subsidies, expense abatements, or
restrictive-use conditions that will affect the property as a result of
an agreement with the Agency or any other funding source. ``Market
value, subject to restricted rents'' refers only to the value of the
subject real property, as restricted, and excludes the value of any
favorable financing. When this value type is part of an appraisal
assignment, all favorable financing in place at the time of the
appraisal must also be valued, but separately from the real property.
The specification and definition of value types will help to ensure
that applicants, borrowers, and the Agency receive appraisals that are
more accurate and complete.
Conformance With the Appraisal Industry
Subpart P of the interim final rule has been revised substantially
so that the Agency's requirements for multi-family housing appraisals
conform to appraisal industry standards. In addition to the
specification and definition of value types described above, subpart P
establishes new guidelines for appraisal scope, procurement, review,
and release. These new requirements should facilitate the appraisal
process, as certified general appraisers will be familiar with the
terminology and procedures of the revised subpart.
Changes in Definitions
Disability
Agency regulations currently have separate definitions for the
terms ``individual with disability'' and ``individual with handicap.''
The definition of the term ``individual with disability'' is, in large
part, taken from section 501(b) of the Housing Act of 1949. The
definition of the term ``individual with handicap'' is taken from the
Fair Housing Act. Other civil rights laws, such as the Americans with
Disabilities Act (ADA) and section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of
1973, use the term ``disability'' rather than ``handicap''; however,
they define it in the same manner as the Fair Housing Act defines
handicap.
Rather than having two separate terms, the Agency will only use the
term ``disability'' and it will be considered equivalent to the term
``handicap.'' If people meet either the Housing Act of 1949's
definition of handicap or the Fair Housing Act's definition of
handicap, they will be considered disabled.
Nonprofit Organization
The Agency has streamlined its definition of ``nonprofit'' and has
made it less prescriptive so that more nonprofit organizations are
eligible for participation in the Agency's multi-family direct loan
programs. Most notably, the aspects of the definition that describe
local and regional nonprofit organizations have been broadened. This
will result in increased participation by a wider pool of nonprofit
organizations in the construction, transfer, and preservation of
Agency-financed multi-family projects. There are additional
requirements for what constitutes a nonprofit organization for purposes
of farm labor housing and preservation, and these are described in
subparts A, L, M, and N.
Additional Definitions
As a result of comments received on the proposed rule from the
public, the Agency has added several definitions to the interim final
rule. The addition of these definitions should help to clarify the
Agency's policies on a variety of issues. The new definitions and their
significance are as follows:
Applicant: Clarifies the distinction between the applicant
and the borrower.
Appraisal: Provides the industry definition that the
Agency uses.
Capital needs assessment: Explains how the Agency uses
this term.
Disabled domestic farm laborer: Explains this category of
tenant, so that the farm labor housing priorities for admission are
more easily understood.
Farm: Clarifies what the Agency considers an eligible
farm, which is particularly helpful in the discussion of farm labor
housing.
Manufactured housing: Clarifies what constitutes this type
of housing for purposes of interpreting the regulation and handbooks.
Market rent: Provides the industry definition of the term
that the Agency uses.
Off-farm labor housing: Distinguishes this type of farm
labor housing from on-farm labor housing.
On-farm labor housing: Distinguishes this type of farm
labor housing from off-farm labor housing.
Participation With Other Funding or Financing Sources
The provisions of 7 CFR 3560.66 were revised to encourage
participation from public and private sources. The Agency made a number
of changes in the proposed rule to provide greater flexibility in the
program to allow program financing to be more readily combined with
other sources. However, the existing section 515 policy of restricting
rental assistance to basic rents that do not exceed what they would
have been had the Agency provided full financing is retained. The
Agency recognizes that because it is delivering financing at 1 percent,
this provision will be difficult for an applicant to meet under the
most aggressive leveraging or other low-interest loan funds financing
package.
[[Page 69043]]
However, the Agency is also responsible for ensuring the efficient,
prudent use of rental assistance funding. Without this standard, RHS
would face even greater growth in the demand for rental assistance
funding over and above the already significant funding levels. For this
reason, RHS made the decision to continue this policy.
30-Year Term and 50-Year Amortization Period
Though not a new issue or policy, this rule requires that new loans
have a 30-year term with a 50-year amortization schedule. This rule
will clarify that, at the end of 30 years, borrowers have the option to
pay off the residual balloon with no restrictive-use on the property,
and the Agency has the option to refinance (or not) for the facility's
remaining economic life. In effect, loans will have a 30-year use
restriction, versus the previous 50-year use restriction, with
additional use restrictions only should the Agency refinance.
Conforming Household Income Calculation to Industry Standards
By changing the calculation of tenant household income and assets
to be consistent with other funding sources in the MFH industry, RHS
has made a significant contribution to reducing paperwork burden to the
public. No longer will a separate calculation have to be made for a MFH
loan when a separate calculation was already executed for LIHTCs or
another affordable housing program. Tenants' income and assets will be
calculated in accordance with 24 CFR 813.106 and 102, which are
regulations published by HUD.
Discussion of Comments--Streamlining and Consolidation of the Sections
514, 515, 516, and 521 Multi-Family Housing (MFH) Programs--Proposed
Rule
This proposed rule was published in the Federal Register on June 2,
2003 (68 FR 32872), with a 60-day comment period that ended August 1,
2003. Comments were received from 146 commenters yielding nearly 3,000
individual comments about the language in the proposed rule. Commenters
included Rural Development personnel, housing advocacy groups,
developers, builders, property managers, attorneys, housing
organizations, and others with an interest in these housing programs.
Many of the comments focused on areas currently published in the
CFR, which were not a part of the proposed rule. As discussed, part of
the intent behind the reengineering and reinvention of these
regulations was to remove much of the administrative guidance from the
CFR and incorporate this guidance into the program handbooks, which
would not be published in the CFR. As discussed above, the handbooks
provide the Agency with flexibility in the Agency's administration of
program procedures in response to changing circumstances without
entering into a rule-making process.
The responses to many comments have indicated that the guidance
requested by a commenter is administrative and contained in the
applicable handbooks. RHS sincerely appreciates the time and effort of
all commenters. Comments, by subpart, from the proposed rule are
discussed below.
Subpart A--General Provisions and Definitions
Topic: Regarding civil rights (e.g., limited English proficiency,
fair housing compliance, reasonable accommodations, domestic violence),
several commenters stated that the Agency did not fully address the
requirements of section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and has specific
references to section 504 requirements in Sec. 3560.2 and Sec.
3560.11 of the interim final rule.
Topic: Other commenters were concerned with the sufficiency of the
Agency's proposed language with respect to the civil rights
responsibilities of borrowers and the protections the language in the
proposed rule would offer the applicants to and residents of RHS
housing.
Response: The Agency has ensured that the civil rights requirements
of borrowers are clearly described in the interim rule and internal
Agency procedures.
Topic: Several commenters addressed the protected classes included
in the proposed rule. One commenter believed that age and marital
status classes are added under the proposed language and disagreed with
this amendment to the regulation. Another commenter believed that
sexual orientation should be added. Yet another commenter thought that
age and disability are important to take into account.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and has removed
marital status from Sec. 3560.2 because it is not a status
specifically protected by civil rights statutes. Age was retained
because it is protected by statute. However, the Agency wants to
clarify that when age is established by statute as a program
eligibility factor, then it needs to be considered when determining
eligibility for occupancy, but only for that determination. Sexual
orientation is not a status specifically protected by civil rights
statutes, and therefore was not added.
Topic: Several commenters identified an occurrence of
``accommodation'' in the civil rights section, which is not preceded by
``reasonable.'' The commenters urged the Agency to revise this error.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters and has revised the
interim final rule at Sec. 3560.2(a)(1).
Topic: One commenter suggested that a single point of contact at
USDA be established to receive complaints.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the comment and has revised Sec.
3560.2(c) in response to this suggestion.
Topic: One commenter urged the Agency to remove requirements that
owners and agents collect ethnicity and racial information from
applicants.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for highlighting this
important issue. The Agency has modified Sec. 3560.2 to include a
disclosure statement about the use of race and ethnicity information
that must appear on all applications for housing under sections 514,
515, and 516.
Topic: One commenter suggested revising proposed Sec. 3560.2(a)(1)
to read: ``To refuse to make reasonable accommodations * * *.''
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' suggestion and has
revised the interim final rule accordingly.
Topic: Commenters also addressed CRCU. Several commenters expressed
confusion about the implementation of CRCU.
Response: The Agency has added additional information on the
circumstances under which CRCU applies. Specific references to the CRCU
applicability can be found at Sec. Sec. 3560.60(c), 3560.69(g),
3560.406(d), 3560.409(b)(3), and 3560.656(e)(1) in the final interim
rule.
Topic: Several commenters were concerned that capping rents at CRCU
will keep rents artificially low in some cases and not address cases in
which the costs of operating assisted housing are higher than those for
conventional housing.
Response: The Agency has addressed this concern by allowing
exceptions to the CRCU cap to allow for certain market conditions--
extraordinary circumstances when it is in the best interest of the
Government as a means to preserve affordable housing
[[Page 69044]]
resources. See the references noted above for discussions concerning
CRCU.
Topic: The Agency received many comments regarding the definition
of CRCU. Several commenters believed that the definition in proposed
Sec. 3560.11 should refer to the market area, not to the geographic
area.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for this suggestion, but
has made no change to the interim final rule. There are regions in the
country where the market is small and where Agency-financed multi-
family properties comprise the market. By expanding the definition to
include the geographic area, this increases the likelihood that there
will be compatible rents by which to measure these Agency-financed
properties.
Topic: One commenter suggested that CRCU should not be used in any
county where the median income is lower than the statewide median
income.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for this suggestion but
has made no change to the interim final rule. CRCU is designed to work
within ``market areas'' which may cross county lines and is not
designed to work within the strictures of a county basis.
Topic: One commenter believed that the Annual Financial Report
requirement places an additional burden on small projects that is
further exacerbated by the CRCU restrictions.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for this suggestion but
has made no change to the interim final rule. Based on the findings of
the OIG, the Agency is adding this requirement for smaller projects to
address the potential misuse of funds.
Topic: Concern was expressed with respect to authority measures,
specifically the delegation of authority, as well as exception
authority.
Response: The Agency understands that commenters are concerned that
its requirements be implemented consistently and that the chain of
command remain clear when authority is delegated. The interim final
rule was designed to maximize consistency in implementing Agency
requirements nationwide.
Topic: Commenters were concerned that the interim final rule
imposes too many restrictions on granting exceptions. Several
commenters stated that the proposed rule allows exceptions only when
the action is in the best financial interest of the Government.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and has revised
Sec. 3560.8 to read ``The RHS Administrator may make an exception to
any provision of this part or address any omissions provided that the
exception (1) is consistent with the applicable statute, (2) does not
adversely affect the interest of the Federal Government, and (3) does
not adversely affect the accomplishment of the purposes of the Multi-
Family Housing programs, or application of the requirement would result
in undue hardship on the tenants.''
Topic: One commenter recommended that the USDA hire a national firm
to evaluate preservation projects to ensure they are economically
beneficial to the Government and, therefore, to tenants.
Response: The Agency acknowledges this suggestion but has made no
change to the interim final rule. The Agency has an established process
and internal procedures and staffing to evaluate the economic benefits
of preservation transactions.
Topic: One commenter believed that Rural Development employees find
it easier to disallow exceptions than to perform the necessary steps to
execute an exception.
Response: The Agency respectfully disagrees with the commenter's
interpretation. Exceptions are evaluated thoroughly on a case-by-case
basis and only granted rarely.
Topic: One commenter believed that Agency regulations should
acknowledge that other financing programs (e.g., tax-exempt bonds,
State financing programs, HOME Investment Partnership Funds) may
dictate rent levels in addition to the rents dictated by LIHTCs.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment. The Agency has
acknowledged these other programs in its descriptions of financial
leveraging, third-party financing, and subordination of Agency debt.
Numerous commenters raised concerns about some of the definitions
provided in Sec. 3560.11, which are described below: Administrative
appeals
Topic: Several commenters stated that the rule does not contain
enough information on when appeals are allowable, to whom appeals
should be made, and what are the tenant grievance procedures.
Response: The Agency wishes to clarify that the requirements for
appeals for all actions, unless otherwise noted in the interim final
rule, are found at 7 CFR part 11. The tenant grievance process is
described in detail in subpart D and in internal Agency procedures.
Topic: One commenter objected to the use of handbooks, notices, or
other issuances being a program requirement. The commenter believed
that practice subverts the public comment and appeals period otherwise
required for regulatory changes.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's interest in
ensuring a free and open public discussion of public policy but
disagrees with the assertion. The regulatory and burden issues are
discussed in the interim final rule. Handbooks are useful for providing
guidance and establishing internal Agency procedure.
Topic: One commenter addressed the issue of environmental reviews.
First, with respect to ``practicable alternatives,'' the commenter
suggested that the location of a site in relation to flooding, along
with the additional cost for insurance and potential development costs,
must be addressed in the appraisal. Second, the commenter addressed
Sec. 3560.4(e) and noted that lead-based paint requirements are no
longer located in 7 CFR part 1924, subpart A; the correct reference is
24 CFR part 35, subparts A-D, J, and R, which are regulations published
by HUD.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for the updated
regulatory citations and has updated these references in the interim
final rule. However, the Agency has made no change to Sec. 3560.3 of
the interim final rule. The suggestion was not adopted because of the
existing environmental regulations at 7 CFR part 1940, subpart G.
Numerous commenters raised concerns about some of the definitions
provided in Sec. 3560.11, which are described below:
Applicant
Topic: One commenter suggested that proposed Sec. 3560.55(b)
refers to the ``applicant,'' but that ``applicant'' is not defined.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for the suggestion and
has added a definition for ``applicant'' to the interim final rule.
Asset Management Fee
Topic: A commenter believed that the Agency should add a definition
for ``asset management fee,'' asking it be defined as a fee allowed to
nonprofit organizations or public bodies for the effective ownership of
RHS-assisted multi-family housing properties.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment but has made no change
to the interim final rule. This issue is covered under Sec.
3560.303(b)(1)(ii) and includes a list of expenses that would commonly
be charged as an asset management fee.
Basic Rent
Topic: Several commenters agreed with the change in definition of
``basic rent'' but were concerned that CRCU
[[Page 69045]]
would impose a restriction on the amount of basic rent that borrowers
can charge that could adversely affect some properties. Several
commenters recommended additional components to be included in the
calculation of basic rent.
Response: As stated previously, CRCU only applies in certain
instances, and the Agency may make CRCU exceptions on a case-by-case
basis. CRCU is a concept that the Agency uses to evaluate rent levels.
It is not considered the established ``rent'' or basic rent.
Topic: A commenter suggested that in the definition of ``basic
rent,'' the Agency should change the last word ``agreement'' to
``subsidy.''
Response: The Agency appreciates this suggestion; however, the
interest credit agreement is the instrument by which any reduction is
made.
Caretaker
Topic: One commenter believed that the definition of ``caretaker''
should be expanded to state that caretakers may also serve as a site
manager, with either an onsite or offsite work location.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment but has made no change
to the interim final rule. Borrowers may use caretakers or site manager
as they see fit, as long as staffing duties and responsibilities are
clearly spelled out in the Management Plan.
Congregate Housing
Topic: One commenter thought that the definition for ``congregate
housing'' should state that such a facility could not be a licensed
healthcare facility.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment and has adopted that
change in the interim final rule.
Current Appraisal
Topic: A commenter believed that the definition for ``current
appraisal'' be revised because an appraisal report could be 14 months
old and still be a current appraisal report.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for the suggestion and
has revised the interim final rule to state that the appraisal report
date should be no more than 1 year old.
Default
Topic: Several commenters thought that the definition of
``default'' raised a concern that the Agency could consider a borrower
to be in default for minor, insignificant items.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and has revised the
definition to state that default is the failure ``by a borrower to meet
significant monetary or non-monetary obligations.''
Disability
Topic: One commenter believed that the definition of ``disability''
is a helpful change, while another commenter believed that the
definition is inappropriate.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for their concurrence on
this issue and has clarified the definition in the interim final rule
by providing the specific regulatory citations.
Topic: One commenter recommended changes to the definition of
``disability.'' The commenter believed that the Agency should either
delete the list of examples of a disability, or at least make it
clearer that the lists of examples are in no way intended to be
exclusive.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment but made no change to
the interim final rule because the definition is statutory.
Topic: One commenter suggested that the term ``handicapped'' be
replaced by ``disabled'' or ``accessible'' whenever appropriate. In
limited instances, the use of ``handicapped'' is acceptable, but the
term should be limited.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for the suggestion and
has revised the text as appropriate in the interim final rule.
Domestic Farm Laborer
Topic: Five comments were received concerning the definition of
domestic farm laborer and the proposed rule's elimination of the
requirement that aliens be admitted for permanent residence. The
majority were in support of the change. One of the commenters contended
that Congress has expressed its intent for broader eligibility
standards.
Response: The requirement that aliens be admitted for permanent
residence has been reinserted in the definition. This is required by
the authorizing statute, 42 U.S.C. 1484(f)(3)(A). The language
concerning the eligibility of a family member was also rewritten to be
more consistent with statutory language in 42 U.S.C. 1484(f)(3).
Elderly Person
Topic: Numerous commenters were concerned that the definition of an
``elderly person'' includes persons with a disability, and that these
persons could be any age. They thought that allowing non-elderly
persons to reside in properties designed for the elderly causes social
and project management problems.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments but has made no
change to the definition because it is statutory.
Engagement
Topic: One commenter suggested that because the costs of CPA audits
are based on the scope of work, the requirements for such engagements
must be provided to owners in enough time for the owner to obtain cost
estimates from the CPAs and to include the costs in proposed budgets.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment but has made no change
to the interim final rule. The Agency will provide guidance for
borrowers in the MFH Engagement Guidelines to be issued separately.
Familial Status
Topic: Regarding the definition of ``familial status,'' the
commenter recommended that RHS adopt the same definition used in the
Fair Housing Act.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for raising this issue.
The Agency is adopting the same definition of ``familial status'' as
used under the Fair Housing Act.
Family Farm Corporation or Partnership
Topic: One commenter questioned the definition for ``family farm
corporation or partnership.'' The commenter asked whether this
definition is consistent with other rural development definitions of
family farm, particularly the Rural Business-Cooperative Service
Business and Industry Cooperative Stock Purchase Program.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for the suggestion but
has made no change to the interim final rule because the definitions
are consistent within Rural Development.
Farm Labor
Topic: The Agency received several comments concerning the
definition of ``farm labor.'' Each commenter raised questions about the
term ``unprocessed stage.''
Response: The Agency has used this term in the proposed rule
instead of the term ``manufactured state'' in the previous regulation
to make the term more consistent with statutory language.
Topic: One commenter asked the Agency to include the statutory
phase ``without respect to the source of employment'' in the definition
and to provide examples of what is considered to be farm labor in the
handbooks.
Response: The Agency has added the statutory phase to the
definition, and the Agency intends to include examples of farm labor in
the program handbooks.
Farmer and Farm Owner
Topic: For the definitions of ``farmer'' and ``farm owner,'' one
commenter found the added reference to 7 CFR
[[Page 69046]]
1941.4, which brings in the concept that a farmer must be a ``family-
size farm,'' to be a very limiting and improper restriction. This
commenter believed that farm laborers should be able to occupy farm
labor housing regardless of whether the farm they work for is ``family
size.''
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter and has deleted the
reference to 7 CFR 1941.4 from the interim final rule.
General Overhead
Topic: Two commenters asked whether RHS imposes maximum limits for
general overhead.
Response: There is a maximum limit on general overhead. This
maximum limit is 4 percent of the construction cost. RHS establishes a
maximum limit that is similar to the standards used by other government
lenders. This upper limit can vary with the types of financing used for
a project or due to changes in market conditions. The ceiling only
serves as an upper limit to help ensure cost reasonableness and can
vary across circumstances and over time.
Topic: The Agency received a comment stating that the proposed rule
should require documentation to ensure that the resident assistant is
truly needed for the well-being and care of the tenant.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment but has made no change
to its interim final rule. Section 3560.104(c)(4) of the interim final
rule provides guidance for borrowers to permit resident assistants.
This is a reasonable accommodation issue and should be treated like
other reasonable accommodation issues.
Topic: One commenter asked why Plainview, Texas, and Altus,
Oklahoma, are singled out for consideration in terms of 2000 U.S.
Census data.
Response: These communities are authorized by statutory language in
section 520 of the Housing Act.
General Requirements
Topic: The commenter thought that performance and payment bonds,
cost certifications, and building permits are not considered ``general
requirements'' by the industry and need to be left out of the
definition.
Response: The professional architect on the Agency's staff
disagrees with the commenter and feels the items mentioned are part of
``general requirements'' by the industry and no change is needed in the
definition.
Household Furnishings
Topic: A commenter questioned the definition of ``household
furnishings,'' believing household furnishings should not include
tables, chairs, dressers, and beds.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment but has made no change
to the interim final rule. The commenter needs to consider that these
items are necessary for tenants of Farm Labor Housing occupied
primarily by migrant farmworkers.
Household Member
Topic: The commenter thought that the proposed rule and the
handbooks should be reconciled and should clarify their definitions of
``household member.''
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment and will revise Agency
guidance about program procedures to be consistent with the regulation.
No change to the interim final rule was needed.
Identity-of-Interest
Topic: Numerous commenters stated that the definition of
``identity-of-interest'' is too broad.
Response: The definition of IOI has been moved from the existing
regulations to 3560 without change and it is consistent with the one
used by other Government lenders.
Topic: Some commenters stated that the trigger for an identity-of-
interest to occur of 10 percent or more interest in the supplying
entity was a reasonable threshold. Other commenters thought that the
threshold was either too high or too low.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments. However, the
Agency has decided to retain the definition as presented in the
proposed rule. The concept of identity-of-interest, as it relates to
specific issues, is discussed in more detail in subpart C. Therefore,
the Agency has determined that retaining a general description in Sec.
3560.11 is appropriate.
Legal or Qualified Alien
Topic: One commenter requested that the Agency use the Single-
Family Housing definition for ``legal or qualified alien,'' which the
commenter finds clearer.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment but has made no change
to the interim final rule. The definition used in the proposed rule was
the same as the definition that is used by the Single-Family Housing
Program (see 7 CFR 3550.10) and is consistent with the Housing Act of
1949, section 501(h). The Agency has exercised its authority under
sections 501(h) and 510(k) of the Housing Act of 1949 [42 U.S.C.
1471(h) and 1480 (k)] to restrict eligibility for occupancy in all
section 515 projects to citizens and qualified aliens. In addition,
eligibility for the migrant farm workers programs under sections 514
and 516 is specifically restricted to such individuals by section
514(f)(3)(A) of the Housing Act of 1949 [42 U.S.C. 1484(f)(3)(A)].
Life-Cycle Cost Analysis
Topic: Several commenters expressed approval of the Agency's
decision to require life-cycle cost analyses under certain
circumstances. Others, however, expressed concern about the
definition's lack of specificity.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and has clarified
the life cycle cost analysis inSec. 3560.11.
Topic: One commenter addressed the wording in the definition for
``life-cycle cost analysis.'' The commenter believed that the Agency
should say Licensed Engineer or Architect rather than Design
Professional.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for this suggestion but
has made no change to the interim final rule. The Agency does not want
to limit the borrower's option regarding preparation of the analysis.
Limited Partnership
Topic: Two commenters suggested that ``capitol'' be revised to
``capital'' in the definition for ``limited partnership.''
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for the suggestion and
has revised the interim final rule.
Management Fee
Topic: Regarding the definition of ``management fees,'' one
commenter asserted that the proposed rule will use occupied units as
the basis for all fees--an approach that is not in keeping with normal
industry practices * * * and fails to recognize that vacant units are
typically the ones that require the greatest amount of management
attention and effort.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns.
However, the Agency believes the rule as written takes into account
partial occupancy at Sec. 3560.102(i)(2). If additional staff time is
needed to perform leasing activities to address vacancies, these costs
are payable directly from the project. For this reason, the Agency
believes that a fee system based on occupied units will not adversely
affect projects experiencing vacancies or higher turnover. Further, if
a property is located in a difficult market, the Agency can authorize
add-on fees as a means to
[[Page 69047]]
address issues associated with individual markets in an area. The
Agency has made no changes to the rule, but will continue to consider
options and refinements during the interim final rule.
Maximum Debt Limit
Topic: The commenter supported the inclusion of the reduction of
funding available to the borrower from sources other than the Agency in
the definition of the ``maximum debt limit.''
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's support.
Migrants or Migrant Agricultural Laborers
Topic: Several commenters stated that the definition for
``migrants'' and ``migrant agricultural laborers'' should be clarified
to provide a definition of ``temporary residence.'' Others stated that
the definition should exclude the requirement that to be migrant, the
farmworker would have to travel out of state, and that in large states
such as California, this requirement is not practicable.
Response: The Agency acknowledges these comments but notes that the
definition states that farmworkers may still be considered ``migrant''
if they are ``day-haul agricultural workers whose travels are limited
to work areas within one day of their residence.'' In addition, the
term ``temporary residence'' is discussed more fully in Sec. 3560.553
of the interim final rule.
Moderate-Income Households
Topic: Several commenters stated that the Agency's definition of
``moderate income'' is not used by any other affordable housing program
and that the Agency should adopt HUD's definition.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' concerns but has
chosen to use the definition from the Single-Family Housing program for
consistency within Agency programs.
Mortgages
Topic: One commenter suggested that a definition for ``deed of
trust'' should be added. The term ``mortgage'' is defined, but because
many of our multi-family housing loans are secured by a deed of trust
rather than a mortgage, deed of trust should also be defined.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment and has clarified its
definition of ``mortgage'' to include deed of trust in the interim
final rule.
Topic: One commenter recommended that the definition of
``mortgage'' be modified by adding the phrase ``that requires judicial
foreclosure for enforcement'' to the end of the definition.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment but has made no change
to the definition because not all states require judicial foreclosure
for enforcement.
Native American
Topic: Several comments addressed the definition of ``Native
American.'' The commenters believed that the reference to the Indian
Self-Determination & Education Assistance Act as the trigger for
eligible status is confusing and results in a burdensome search to find
this information.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for the suggestion. The
Agency has revised the interim final rule to define the term ``Indian
tribe'' and provides appropriate reference to the Indian Self-
Determination & Education Assistance Act. In addition the definition of
``Native American'' is statutory under section 501(b)(6) of title V of
the Housing Act of 1949 (42 U.S.C. 1471(b)(6)).
Net Recovery Value
Topic: A commenter wrote in support of the definition for ``net
recovery value.''
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's concurrence.
Nonprofit Organization
Topic: Numerous commenters expressed concern that the definition of
``nonprofit organization'' is too prescriptive and will cause too many
organizations to be considered ineligible for the priority purchaser
category in preservation transfers. For instance, in large states such
as California, nonprofit organizations that have the capacity to
develop and operate affordable MFH properties are often not local in
nature. Commenters were concerned that such restrictions would limit
the participation of capable nonprofit organizations in the development
and operation of sections 514, 515, and 516 properties.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and has simplified
the definition of nonprofit organization to be less prescriptive and to
allow for more widespread participation by nonprofit groups, but the
definition remains consistent with the applicable statute. Similarly,
the interim final rule provides a separate definition for ``nonprofit
organization for section 515 program for prepayment or purchase'' that
is substantially simplified to allow for greater participation in these
activities.
Note Rent
Topic: Several commenters expressed concern that the definition of
``note,'' for note rent, should acknowledge that it stands for the term
``note rate rent.''
Response: The Agency has included the definition for ``note rent''
in Sec. 3560.11 of the interim final rule, and the correct term for
this rent is ``note rent.''
Permanent
Topic: A commenter questioned why the term ``permanent'' was
eliminated. The commenter wondered whether the intent is that tenants
who are here with temporary legal status papers be housed.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for the suggestion and
notes that there was an error in the proposed rule. The text has been
revised as appropriate in the interim final rule.
Plan I
Topic: One commenter stated that the definition for ``Plan I'' can
be more specific by saying interest credit became effective in 1968.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment but has made no change
to the interim final rule because the Agency does not believe the
additional specificity provides any more clarity to the definition.
Prepayment
Topic: One commenter recommended providing further clarification
for the definition for ``prepayment'' by adding ``as authorized by the
Agency in response to an offer from the borrower.''
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment but has not
incorporated the suggested language in the interim final rule. The
Agency does not believe that the suggested revision adds anything to
the definition because full payment of the debt may occur in situations
other than the Agency's response to an offer from the borrower.
Renovation
Topic: One commenter stated that ``renovation'' is a new term for
the program that is barely used in the proposed regulation, so this
definition should be deleted.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for the suggestion and
has deleted the definition from the interim final rule.
Rent
Topic: Several commenters were pleased that the Agency acknowledges
that there are many different rent levels in affordable housing
finance. One commenter asked the Agency to address the issue of multi-
tiered rents.
[[Page 69048]]
Response: The Agency thanks these commenters for their comments on
this issue. The Agency did not address multi-tiered rents in the
Definitions because such rents are not permitted in the interim final
rule.
Topic: One commenter found the definition of ``rent'' to be
redundant with the definition of ``basic rent.'' The commenter
suggested that the definition of ``rent'' include vacancy and
contingent factors, reserve transfers, and owner's return as defined
expenses.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment and has clarified the
definition of each type of rent in the interim final rule in Sec.
3560.11 by removing the language in Sec. 3560. 202(c). The Agency did
this because it believes the language from the Housing Project Budget
Form provided clearer wording for a definition of this term.
Rental Assistance
Topic: One commenter suggested that the definition for ``rental
assistance'' be revised to read: ``The portion of approved shelter cost
paid by the Agency to compensate a borrower for the difference between
the approved shelter cost (basic rent) and the tenant contribution when
such contribution is less than the basic rent.''
Response: The Agency has accepted the comment and has revised the
definition for ``rental assistance'' in Sec. 3560.11 of the interim
final rule.
Topic: One commenter suggested revisions to ``rental assistance
units,'' specifically, expanding the definition of servicing units to
include RA units provided to an operational project for any reason.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for the suggestion and
has revised the interim final rule at Sec. 3560.11.
Topic: The Agency received one comment that asks for explanatory
guidance as to what a season is. For example, in Oregon seasonal farm
labor housing is occupied typically up to 10 months. In other states or
regions it may be only as long as 6 or 7 months.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment but has decided not to
add this term to the interim final rule. As stated by the commenter,
seasons vary by region and therefore, the Agency is allowing the
borrower to have the flexibility to deal with this issue. Section
3560.568 of the interim final rule requires the borrower, in their
management plan, to establish specific opening and closing dates for
off-farm labor housing operating on a seasonal basis.
Resident or Site Manager
Topic: Regarding the definition for ``resident or site manager,''
the commenter recommended replacing the portion of the definition that
currently reads: ``who lives at or near the project site.'' The
commenter believed that maintaining a local presence is a critical
element in providing an acceptable level of customer service.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment but has made no change
to the interim final rule because a site manager is a manager who works
at the property but is not required to live at or near the property.
The Agency does not believe there is a connection between local
presence and good customer service.
Rural Area
Topic: A few commenters expressed concern that basing the
definition of ``rural area'' on decennial census population data is
inappropriate because the data are now several years old. Another
commenter suggested that the definition was too complicated.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments but has made no
change to the definition of rural area because it is statutory, from
section 520 of title V of the Housing Act of 1949.
Topic: One commenter asked the Agency to add a provision that
allows for the automatic revision of the definition of ``rural area''
as statutes change. This commenter was also concerned with the
definitions of sections 515, 514, and 516 programs.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment but has made no change
to the interim final rule. The definition is statutory and will be
changed when the statute is amended.
Tenant Contribution
Topic: One commenter suggests that in the definition for ``tenant
contribution,'' the word ``rent'' be replaced with the words ``shelter
cost.''
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for the suggestion and
has revised the interim final rule.
Topic: The commenter believed that the definition of ``tenant
contribution'' implies that all tenants pay something for occupancy at
a rental unit; however, some tenants do not pay anything.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment and has reworded the
definition of ``tenant contribution'' to use the same definition that
was used previously. Under the statutory definition (42 U.S.C.
1471(a)(5)(A)) of income, some items are excluded from the calculation
of income; therefore, the commenter is correct that some tenants do not
pay any rent.
Tenants' Rights
Topic: One commenter suggested that the regulation should include
an explicit statement that state or local laws that give tenants
greater rights than this regulation are not preempted by the regulation
or handbooks, as long as those laws do not interfere with the
fundamental purposes of the RHS programs.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment but has made no change
to the interim final rule. Throughout subpart D of the interim final
rule, the Agency states that borrower policies regarding occupancy and
tenant rights must be consistent with state and local laws.
Topic: One commenter acknowledged that no per-unit square footages
was proscribed. The commenter stated that this will help in dealing
with multifunding sources; however, developing modest housing should
still be a priority with the Agency.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for the support.
Topic: Regarding design requirements, one commenter agreed with the
change in philosophy from cost containment to economical construction.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for the support.
Topic: The Agency received a comment regarding owner responsibility
and requirements. The commenter believed that this provision is
confusing and may be interpreted too broadly. Implicitly this rule
provides that parties cannot delegate responsibility, which is not
accurate.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment but has made no change
to the interim final rule. The borrower is contractually bound to meet
the Agency's requirements by the promissory note, loan agreement/
resolution, and mortgage. The borrower is permitted to hire a
management company to perform day-to-day oversight of the property, but
the borrower is ultimately responsible for the property.
Topic: One commenter addressed Sec. 3560.60(d)(2) and the
definition of ``to the extent possible'' as it relates to accessibility
upgrades when a single damaged unit is being extensively repaired. The
commenter suggested that if accessibility requirements would add more
than 5 percent to the repair costs, the accessibility requirement
should not be required. Further, the Agency should note that borrowers
could use reserve funds for additional accessibility requirements.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment but has made no change
to the
[[Page 69049]]
interim final rule. See the reference at Sec. 3560.2(a)(2) that the
Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards are required (49 CFR part
1190).
Total Development Costs
Topic: Numerous commenters were concerned that the components of
total development costs do not include developer fees. One commenter
suggested that household furnishings be removed from the total
development cost.
Response: For Agency-financed projects with LIHTC financing, the
developer will continue to earn developer fees. Developers of projects
without LIHTC financing will not be permitted developer fees. The
Agency believes that the borrower's permitted return as currently
calculated should provide sufficient remuneration on a well-managed
property. Furnishings, as noted in the Definition, are only part of the
total development cost for section 514 and 516 (Farm Labor) Housing.
Subpart B--Direct Loan and Grant Origination
Topic: Numerous commenters expressed concern that the definition of
and restrictions on nonprofit organizations are too restrictive.
Several commenters said that the requirement for a nonprofit to have 25
members from the community to show community support for the project is
excessive because finding 25 people in any community to actively serve
is difficult. Some commenters stated that the requirements were
unclear. For instance, several commenters asked for a definition of
public sector, when used to describe restrictions on the number of
board members from the public sector.
Response: As stated in the description of the comments received for
subpart A, General Provisions and Definitions, the Agency has revised
the definition of ``nonprofit organization'' to be simpler, less
prescriptive, and less restrictive to maximize participation of
nonprofit organizations in the sections 514, 515, and 516 programs.
Topic: Similar to the comments received on the definition of
``total development costs,'' numerous commenters stated that developer
fees should be an allowable expenditure of loan funds. Several
commenters noted their belief that developer fees should be capped.
Response: Again, the Agency's position is that for Agency-financed
projects with LIHTC financing, developers will continue to receive
developer fees. Developers of projects without LIHTC financing will not
be permitted developer fees. (This is described in Sec. 3560.63(d)(2)
of the interim final rule.) The Agency believes that a borrower's
permitted return as currently calculated should provide sufficient
remuneration on a well-managed property.
Topic: The Agency received multiple comments on the requirements
for initial operating capital and the initial equity contribution
required of borrowers, as well as the time period during which the
initial operating capital may be repaid to the owner. One commenter
asked the Agency to revise the proposed language in Sec. 3560.64(b) to
state that any additional initial operating expenses paid by owners
above this amount would be repaid, as a priority, from available cash
flow. A second commenter asked the Agency to clarify in Sec.
3560.64(c) why it would require the initial contribution of operating
to be made prior to the start of construction. The commenter asked the
Agency to revise these requirements so that the initial operating
contribution could be provided at the end of the construction period,
or at least after construction is 50 percent completed.
Response: As outlined in Sec. 3560.304, the purpose of initial
operating capital (IOC) is to provide a source of capital for start-up
costs. IOC may only be used to pay for approved budget expenses. The
applicant's ability to fund the IOC, if required, is part of the
applicant eligibility requirements and therefore, cannot be contributed
after loan approval, e.g., at the end of construction or at 50 percent
completion. The 2 percent IOC requirement is a minimum. If excess funds
are contributed to the IOC, they may be withdrawn by borrower in
accordance with Sec. 3560.304(c).
Topic: Several commenters said that the amount of the initial
operating capital--2 percent of total development costs--is
unrealistically high.
Response: The Agency has determined that 2 percent of total
development costs is reasonable in light of the amount required to
operate an Agency-assisted property, especially during the initial
rent-up period, during which the amount is used to help cover startup
costs.
Topic: Some commenters said that the 2- to 7-year time period
during which the initial operating capital may be repaid to the owner
is too long, while others said it was too short.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments but has decided
that the 2- to 7-year repayment period is acceptable because it allows
adequate flexibility to borrowers. Therefore, the Agency has made no
change to the regulation.
Topic: Regarding the requirements for general partners in a limited
partnership with LIHTCs, 12 commenters stated that the requirement for
general partners to have a 5 percent financial interest in a limited
partnership, as stated in Sec. 3560.55(d)(2), is unworkable. They
stated that in the majority of LIHTC deals, the general partners only
have a financial interest of 1 percent or less.
Response: The Agency believes that the commenters are confusing the
expression ``financial interest in the residuals or refinancing
proceeds'' with ``financial ownership interest.'' The two expressions
are distinct, whereby having a 5 percent interest in the former does
not preclude having a 1 percent interest in the latter. Therefore, the
Agency has made no change to this section.
Topic: Numerous commenters stated that the pre-application and
initial application submission requirements were too onerous and asked
the Agency to clarify its position since they could not clearly
understand the proposal. For example, one commenter recommended two
annual Notices of Funding Availability (NOFAs) rather than one to
promote accelerated use of USDA funds and to allow for more units to be
produced on a 6-month versus 12-month cycle. Some commenters were
concerned that the Agency considered additional technical assistance as
an ineligible use of funds.
Response: In developing the NOFA process with the three application
stages, the Agency has endeavored to streamline the process by
minimizing the application requirements during the pre-application
phase when project approval is unknown to reduce the applicants'
burden. Likewise, the Agency is requiring the minimum amount of
information to be submitted during the initial application phase to
reduce the applicants' burden. However, the Agency has a responsibility
to collect enough information about proposed projects at each stage to
allow for reasonable decisionmaking and effective underwriting.
Therefore, the Agency has made no further changes to this section.
Topic: Some commenters said that requiring the Agency to conduct an
environmental review during the pre-application phase, when it is still
uncertain whether the project will receive funds, is unrealistic.
Response: The Agency believes that the commenters misunderstood
Sec. 3560.56. This paragraph states that environmental reviews are
required during the initial phase of loan processing to aid in
determining project eligibility and feasibility.
[[Page 69050]]
Topic: Several commenters asked the Agency to define ``State
Consolidated Plan.''
Response: The Agency agrees with the commenters and has added this
definition to Sec. 3560.11 of the interim final rule.
Topic: Some commenters said that the Affirmative Fair Housing
Marketing Plan should not be required for submission during the initial
application stage but should be part of the final application
submission.
Response: The Agency believes the commenters misunderstood the
procedures in the handbook. The form used for this plan is given to the
applicant during the initial application stage, but the applicant does
not need to submit the plan until the final application stage. The
Agency has clarified this point in Sec. 3560.56(h) of the interim
final rule.
Topic: Several commenters stated that the Agency should allow
flexibility in requiring applicants to be in full compliance with any
existing loan and grant programs, particularly in the case of property
transfers and preservation, wherein the new owner entity should not be
punished for taking on a property with physical, financial, or
managerial issues, or under a preexisting workout plan of less than 6
months.
Response: The Agency realizes that achieving and maintaining
compliance are challenges under these circumstances. The Agency
recognizes these challenges, and program procedures allow RHS to accept
a revised workout plan from the new owner that it deems acceptable
under the standards in Sec. 3560.453 of the interim final rule and in
the Project Servicing Handbook. Also, an exception may be requested by
the State Director and considered by the Agency on a case-by-case
basis.
Topic: The Agency received several comments regarding its position
on purchasing excess land, such as when a seller owns 5 acres and will
only sell all of the acres, regardless of how much the applicant wants
to develop. Commenters stated that there should be flexibility in the
Agency's policy so that excess land can be purchased if the applicant
cannot find a smaller parcel to purchase and develop.
Response: The Agency recognizes the need for flexibility on this
issue and is willing to work with applicants in determining the
suitability of sites for development. Funds may be used to purchase and
improve the site on which multi-family housing will be located,
provided that the amount of loan funds used to purchase the site does
not exceed the appraised market value of the site immediately prior to
purchase. The regulations at Sec. 3560.54(a)(11) allow borrowers to
purchase land for a site in excess of what is needed, except when the
applicant cannot acquire an alternate site or cannot acquire the needed
land as a separate parcel. The applicant agrees to sell the excess land
as soon as practical and to apply the proceeds to the loan. Program
site density requirements must be met in accordance with the site
requirements established under Sec. 3560.58.
Topic: Several commenters expressed concern about the difficulty in
locating appropriate sites for development and the need for flexibility
in the Agency's criteria. One commenter asked the Agency to clarify its
language by changing ``will'' to ``should'' in Sec. 3560.58(a)(4).
Commenters also said that clarification is needed regarding what
constitutes an established rural community/eligible site. Many
acceptable sites are located outside city limits but have water, sewer
systems, and fire protection. Several commenters said that the
regulation requires sites to have reasonable access to water and sewage
removal, but this statement appears to negate the use of onsite septic
systems as outlined in the Loan Origination Handbook, which describes
when alternatives to ``community'' systems may be used.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments; however, RHS has
not made the suggested change from ``will'' to ``should'' in Sec.
3560.58(a)(4). The Agency wants to emphasize that it will not approve
sites that are not an integral part of a residential community and do
not have reasonable access, either by location or terrain, to essential
services such as water, sewage removal, schools, shopping, employment
opportunities, and medical facilities. Environmental studies and civil
rights assessments must be conducted before a site is approved. The
Agency wants to emphasize that it remains flexible pending the outcome
of such site assessments and the review of final development costs and
plans.
Topic: Several commenters felt that more consideration should be
afforded for development within 100-year flood plains, provided
adequate flood insurance is maintained, and for development near or
adjacent to industrial sites and processing plants, provided there are
no threats of health hazards.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments. However, the
Agency will not approve sites subject to 100-year floods when non-
floodplain sites exist. Where there are no non-floodplain sites
available, sites located within a 100-year floodplain are not eligible
for Federal financial assistance unless flood insurance is available
through the National Flood Insurance Program. Once all necessary
information is collected, analyses are performed, and the appropriate
reviews completed for these sites, the Agency will make its decision
based on whether the proposed project furthers the program's objectives
and the government's interests are adequately protected.
Topic: Numerous commenters expressed concern that the Agency does
not consider standards imposed by other financing sources, such as
tenant income restrictions and tiered rents. Some commenters appeared
to be confused about tax credits as a funding source.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and is committed to
working to reduce interprogram differences to the extent practicable,
thereby making it easier to satisfy the requirements of other funding
sources. Moreover, as noted in Sec. 3560.66(a)(3) of the interim final
rule, the Agency will allow the strictest interpretation of the policy
to prevail in most instances when requirements conflict.
Topic: Several comments focused on the Agency's preference for loan
applications with leveraging. Commenters stated that the Agency should
not award points, or should award fewer points, to applicants with
``token'' financing that makes up a very small percentage of total
development costs.
Response: The Agency understands the commenters' position and notes
that how points are awarded is discussed in the Agency's annual NOFA.
It is not changing how it scores and ranks applications at this time.
Moreover, it already awards fewer points to applications wherein there
is a lower percentage of leveraging in comparison to the total
development costs.
Topic: The Agency received numerous comments on equity requirements
for subsequent loans. One commenter stated that the Agency should
change its language in proposed Sec. 3560.55(d)(1) to read
``borrower,'' not ``equity.'' Several other commenters stated that
requiring a borrower to make an equity contribution for a subsequent
loan is a disincentive for applying for the loan. Others said that the
equity contribution should come from the property's resources.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and has changed its
language in Sec. 3560.55(d)(1) of the interim final rule to read
``borrower,'' but it will not change its position. RHS does not
consider it an onerous
[[Page 69051]]
requirement for applicants for subsequent loans to make an equity
contribution of 3 or 5 percent, depending on whether the project is
being financed with LIHTCs.
Topic: A substantial number of commenters focused on the required
funding level of a property's reserve account and felt that the minimum
deposit requirement was too high. These commenters were concerned that
this requirement would be unduly costly and result in budget-based
rents exceeding conventional rents for comparable units.
Response: The Agency appreciates these concerns. Since the proposed
rule was published, RHS has undertaken a comprehensive property
assessment of the properties in the section 515 portfolio. The
preliminary results provided useful information for reconsidering the
extent of capital reserves that may be necessary to meet the capital
needs of projects and to explore policy options for addressing these
needs to be reflected in any necessary budgetary and legislative
changes. More time is needed to properly address these matters.
Accordingly, RHS has decided to publish an interim final rule that does
not include these provisions--specifically Sec. 3560.103(c)(3) and
Sec. 3560.306(k)(1) of the proposed rule--until their impacts can be
assessed and policy decisions can be made for a long-term strategy.
Topic: Several commenters believed that there were loopholes in the
proposed rule that would have enabled a borrower to commit deliberate
actions to force the Agency to accelerate the borrower's loan to
circumvent the preservation/prepayment requirements.
Response: The Agency notes that similar comments were addressed in
subpart N and recommends referring to this part of the interim final
rule for more information. However, it does note that in the interim
final rule, the Agency modified Sec. 3560.456(a) to read as follows:
``Before accelerating a project loan, the Agency will consider the
possibility that the borrower is forcing an acceleration to circumvent
the prepayment process. If it is found that this is the borrower's
motivation, the Agency will consider alternatives to acceleration, such
as suing for specific performance under loan and management
documents.''
Topic: The Agency received numerous comments on the restrictive-use
provisions described in this subpart. Several of these comments focused
on how the proposed rule was unclear about whether use restrictions
remain in effect or terminate on properties whose borrowers make their
balloon payment and pay off their Agency debt when the 30-year term
expires. Some commenters expressed concern that if the use restrictions
do not remain in effect for the entire 50-year loan amortization
period, the supply of affordable housing will decrease. Other
commenters said that the restrictive-use provisions should expire when
the borrower pays off the Agency debt.
Response: As explained in the preamble to the proposed rule, use
restrictions are tied to the 30-year term of the mortgage. This
requirement was established in 7 CFR part 1944, subpart E and the
proposed rule simply continued this policy. However, the Agency notes
that its interim final rule would allow properties to remain in the
program if the borrower sought and obtained additional financing from
the Agency upon expiration of the term.
Topic: Several commenters expressed dissatisfaction with the
Agency's policy for calculating returns on investment. Some commenters
recommend that the full 8 percent return should be allowed on all
equity funds up to 10 percent of the amount of the initial investment
instead of just on the 3 or 5 percent initial contribution. These
commenters also felt that consideration should be given for older
projects.
Other commenters noted that the Agency should allow a return based
on the current value of the original investment adjusted for inflation,
if owners are expected to maintain a business commitment to MFH
projects.
Response: The Agency has considered the commenters' reasons for
suggesting higher returns but has retained the policy described in the
proposed rule, which is consistent with the Agency's existing policy in
7 CFR part 1944, subpart E on this topic.
Topic: Additional commenters noted that the Agency does not account
for inflation when estimating return on investment in Sec. 3560.68.
(One noted that the reference to Sec. 3560.67 was wrong and should be
Sec. 3560.68.) They also felt that there needed to be provisions for
the payment of general partner fees for MFH projects with LIHTCs
consistent with the LIHTC industry standard.
Response: The Agency has corrected the cross reference in the
interim final rule. As is the case with the payment of developer's fees
on combined MFH/LIHTC-financed projects, general partner fees, while
not an eligible use of Agency loan funds, may be included in the total
development costs when such fee is paid from other financing sources,
in accordance with Sec. 3560.63(d)(2).
Topic: Several commenters noted that the definition of security
value of the property is critical to the calculation of return on
investment. If security value equals ``value-in-use,'' the return on
investment will be greater than if the security value of the property
equals the market value.
Response: The Agency acknowledges these comments and has made
revisions to the language in Sec. 3560.68 to address this concern. The
Agency also has noted that clarifications were made in Sec. 3560.752
of the interim final rule to reduce confusion about the types of value
determinations.
Topic: The Agency received comments regarding its cost
certification requirements, which state: ``Whenever the State Director
determines it appropriate, and in all situations where there is an IOI
as defined in 7 CFR 1924.4(i), the borrower, contractor and any
subcontractor, material supplier, or equipment lessor having an
identity of interest must each provide certification as to the actual
cost of the work performed in connection with the construction
contract.'' Several commenters stated that these requirements were not
strict enough and suggested requiring further cost certifications.
Another commenter recommended that the regulation should specify an
audit by a CPA, who is independent from the borrower. Another commenter
asked for clarification about some of the related procedures, and who
pays for the audit.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and has included a
clarification in Sec. 3560.72(b) of the interim final rule that cost
certifications must be prepared in accordance with 7 CFR part 1924,
subpart A. The Agency believes this clarification provides the
necessary protection. Further, the Agency, rather than the borrower,
has the authority to contract with a CPA to perform the audit. RHS
believes that the language in the rule is clear--the expenses related
to the cost certification and the accompanying audit are paid by the
borrower out of loan proceeds. If the Agency contracts for the audit,
it pays for the cost, and the loan funds for this cost are returned.
This process is described in Agency guidance about program procedures.
Topic: Several commenters supported the elimination of the
designated places requirement. The commenters said that the designated
places list frequently excludes areas where the need for affordable
housing is the greatest. Commenters said that if a market study
indicates a need for affordable housing in a given area, the Agency
should consider the project for funding, even if the location is not on
the designated places list.
[[Page 69052]]
Response: The Agency is committed to using its funds to benefit
households with the greatest need for housing in areas where the supply
of affordable housing is limited. Further, it believes this commitment
is reflected in the designated places list, where designated places is
a requirement in accordance with Sec. 532(c) of title V of the Housing
Act of 1949, as well as other Agency or Administration priorities.
Topic: The Agency received several comments on the regulation's
references to accessibility standards. Several commenters suggested
that the reference to the ADA be removed because the ADA is not
applicable to residential properties. Some commenters expressed
confusion about accessibility requirements.
Response: The Agency has noted these comments and has removed the
references to the ADA, except where it is applicable. The interim final
rule continues to reference 7 CFR part 1924, subpart A, which addresses
accessibility requirements. Further, Agency staff can help provide
clarification about accessibility requirements during the project
planning stage.
Topic: Other commenters said that the accessibility requirements
for on-farm labor housing should be less stringent.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments. However, the
Agency has made no change to Sec. 3560.60(d), as its policy on
accessible units needs to comply with the applicable civil rights
statutes and regulations.
Topic: The Agency received several comments on Sec. 3560.56(e),
which states that the Agency will process the next initial loan
application, in rank order, when an application is delayed for a period
of time that will not permit funding of the project during the current
funding cycle. The commenters stated that it is very difficult to
complete projects within a particular funding cycle given all the
development challenges and the need to obtain funds from other sources.
Response: The Agency believes that the commenters misunderstood
this paragraph. The Agency must be able to obligate the funds for a
particular project, not complete the construction process, during the
current funding cycle. The Agency recognizes the challenges in
preparing an application involving multiple funding sources but has
retained the language as written because it must obligate the available
program funds within the established period.
Topic: Several commenters focused on Sec. 3560.60 (Design
requirements), with comments ranging from the specific to the
relatively general. For example, commenters stated that the Agency's
requirements for (1) economical construction, operation, and
maintenance and (2) life-cycle cost analyses are contradictory, as
life-cycle cost analyses can lead to greater maintenance costs. By
comparison, a commenter asked the Agency to work with other Agencies to
ensure that current threshold requirements are improved to prevent air
and water infiltration.
Response: While the Agency appreciates these comments, it has made
no change to this section because it feels that conducting life-cycle
cost analyses will help ensure a balance between economical
construction and a property's long-term viability.
Topic: Several commenters also focused the on the life-cycle cost
analysis requirement in Sec. 3560.60 (Design requirements). Some
commenters were concerned that requiring a life-cycle cost analysis
would not be cost-effective for properties with minor capital needs.
Others said that the term ``life-cycle cost analysis'' should be
clarified so that borrowers are fully aware of their responsibilities
for obtaining and implementing the results of the analysis.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments, but the life-cycle
cost analysis requirements in Sec. 3560.60(c)(3)(iii) of the interim
final rule are used in an effort to balance upfront construction costs
and long-term operating costs. The Agency has made no change. The
Agency provides further information on obtaining and using a life-cycle
cost analysis in its guidance about program procedures.
Topic: A number of commenters stated that a property's rents should
be based on its operating and development costs, which might be higher
than conventional rents for comparable units. Several of these
commenters stated that it is difficult to find comparable rents in
certain communities. Other commenters said that it was difficult to
comment on the implementation of conventional rents for comparable
units without knowing what the impact will be.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments, but RHS views
conventional rents for comparable units as an important underwriting
consideration in assessing project viability. As stated previously, the
Agency may make an exception to the requirement that rents do not
exceed conventional rents for comparable units if doing so is in the
Government's best interest.
Topic: With regard to the Agency's requirement that its loans be at
least 25 percent of a project's total development costs, some
commenters thought that this 25 percent threshold is reasonable, but
others said that the threshold should be increased because of the
difficulty in servicing small loans.
Response: The Agency has considered the commenters' suggestions but
has decided to retain the 25 percent threshold. The Agency believes
this threshold is reasonable and has not been a problem for the
majority of applicants.
Topic: Several commenters asked what security value should be used
to determine maximum loan limits.
Response: The Agency has clarified these terms in the interim final
rule so that the terms ``current value'' and ``value-in-use'' were
replaced by ``market value'' in Sec. 3560.63(e). Also, a description
of market value is provided in Sec. 3560.752 of the interim final
rule.
Topic: The Agency received several comments regarding the cap of 2
percent of total development costs for section 515 projects and 4
percent for off-farm labor housing projects to cover development/loan
packaging. Several commenters said that the 2 percent for section 515
projects and 4 percent for off-farm labor housing projects are not
adequate to cover costs, especially in those cases where the developer
does not serve as the general contractor. Other commenters contended
that development costs for section 515 and off-farm labor projects are
roughly equivalent.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns but has
determined that there is no compelling reason to increase the cap.
Furthermore, in the Agency's experience, development of Farm Labor
Housing projects is more difficult than development of section 515
properties. Therefore, the Agency has made no change in the cap for
section 515 properties.
Topic: Regarding the eligible uses of loan and grant funds as
described in Sec. 3560.53, several commenters supported the Agency's
more detailed description of allowable costs. Others said that the
percentages for allowable builder's profit, general overhead, and
general requirements are improved over prior allowances, while others
thought that the percentages should be increased to compensate for
increased costs. Several commenters said that the section should be
more inclusive, while others thought some costs should be prohibited.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments but has made no
change to its position in the interim final rule. The comments were
very general, and RHS believes the language in the proposed rule is
reasonable.
[[Page 69053]]
Moreover, the allowable cost percentages were derived as a result of an
Agency review of Agency, State, and industry cost information and best
management practices. The provisions in the Agency's interim final rule
are consistent with the results of this review.
Topic: Regarding the language in Sec. 3560.53 on the use of funds
to develop and install necessary systems, some commenters felt that
certain elements of this requirement were too prescriptive and
bureaucratic, ultimately leading to increased development costs. Other
commenters said that the installation of necessary systems offsite
should require permanent easements.
Response: The Agency has considered the commenters' concerns and
revised Sec. 3560.53(e)(1) in the interim final rule to read: ``The
loan applicant will hold title to the facility or have a legal right to
use the facility in the form of an easement or other instrument
acceptable to the Agency for a period of at least 50 percent longer
than the term of the loan or grant and the title or right is
transferable to any subsequent owner of the housing.''
Topic: Other comments regarding Sec. 3560.53 included praise for
the clearer, improved statement of authorized purposes. Another
commenter stated that the language in Sec. 3560.53(b)(2) was too
restrictive and could result in properties without the amenities to
effectively compete with other affordable properties in their market
area.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for positively
recognizing the improved language. RHS acknowledges the concern about
ensuring that properties are competitive. The Agency believes that
other provisions throughout subpart B provide sufficient flexibility to
enable applicants to develop properties with competitive features and
amenities for the area, while at the same time ensuring affordability
and reasonable development costs.
Subpart C--Borrower Management and Operations Responsibilities
Topic: The Agency received numerous comments on the property
maintenance requirements. These comments covered three broad topics, as
discussed below.
Topic: A number of commenters expressed approval of the Agency's
effort to codify property standards. They indicated that the increased
clarity will help ensure a consistently higher level of compliance with
the standards and provide safer, healthier environments for tenants,
especially children. However, other commenters argued that such
specificity should not be included in the regulation, as it can create
a lack of flexibility for property owners who must follow the rules
over their own judgment about cost-effective maintenance. Some
suggested putting the detailed property standards in the program
handbooks. One person suggested referencing an industry code.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and understands the
commenters' concerns. The Agency has considered the advantages and
tradeoffs of including specific standards in the rule and has decided
to keep the specific standards in the rule. By establishing the
standards in the regulation, the Agency has a stronger regulatory basis
for enforcing property maintenance standards.
Topic: Similarly, commenters were concerned that for many
properties it would not be practical to achieve and maintain compliance
with all items in the list of requirements. They indicated that any
single deficiency should not be interpreted as an indication of a
poorly maintained project and questioned whether a single or limited
number of deficiencies would put them out of compliance. One commenter
asked for a specific statement of what would constitute compliance.
Commenters also added that ongoing compliance with a long list of
requirements would be even more difficult given the limits on operating
budgets and stressed the need for adequate resources to meet these
property maintenance standards. They suggested that they be allowed to
consider the severity of a problem to prioritize their maintenance
needs and not be required to address all deficiencies at once.
Response: The Agency appreciates all these comments and has
modified Sec. 3560.103(a) to indicate that it will not penalize the
borrower for not meeting all standards if there is clear evidence that
the borrower is working toward meeting 100 percent of the standards.
Further, properties in the process of addressing deficiencies will not
be deemed out of compliance unless the number of deficiencies
constitutes substantial noncompliance and calls into question the
viability of the property and the effectiveness of the borrower's
maintenance program. The Agency has added language to the interim final
rule at Sec. 3560.103(a)(4) indicating that upon discovery of
conditions that do not meet the standards, it expects that the borrower
will remedy the conditions in a reasonable period of time. The Agency
has listed in the interim final rule at Sec. 3560.103 (a)(3)(i)
through (xvii) the standards by which compliance will be measured.
Topic: Commenters also had a number of suggestions, proposed
language changes, and questions on how to interpret these standards.
They had questions on issues ranging from rain diverters and gutters to
van parking spots to the caulking of water closet floors and accessible
laundry facilities. They suggested edits to the language on water
leaks, cracks, moisture and mold, and common area accessibility. They
also raised the issue of work order systems and the difficulty of
implementing them in small properties.
Response: The Agency acknowledges these comments and has made
appropriate edits for clarity in the interim final rule at Sec.
3560.103(a)(3)(i) through (xvii). The work order system required is not
intended to be any more elaborate than necessary for the size of the
property.
Topic: Regarding the new approach to management plans, management
agreements, and management certifications, many commenters applauded
these changes for reducing the administrative burden on both the
borrower and the Agency, though a number of commenters were also
concerned that the changes might hinder the effectiveness of Agency
oversight. Other commenters suggested further streamlining these
requirements, and a number of comments asked to see the management
certification form. Finally, several commenters noted that subpart C of
the proposed rule contradicts itself by stating that management plans
are not subject to Agency approval and then stating conversely that
Agency approval is required (see Sec. 3560.102(c)).
Response: The Agency acknowledges these comments. The Agency has
remedied the conflict identified at Sec. 3560.102(c) to clarify that
Agency approval of management plans is no longer required. The Agency
believes that the concerns about the changes hindering Agency oversight
reflect commenters' confusion about the some of the specifics of the
new policy. While the Agency is no longer approving either the
management plan or the management agreement, the management
certification is signed by both the management agent and the borrower,
and is approved by RHS . The certification commits the management agent
and the borrower to operate the property in compliance with program
requirements and provides specific financial and other penalties for
failure to comply, including termination of the management agreement.
This certification is similar to the document
[[Page 69054]]
used successfully in HUD multi-family programs. The Agency believes
that this document eliminates unnecessary Agency reviews, while still
retaining clear authority for compliance oversight and enforcement.
Topic: Commenters made a number of suggestions on how and when to
submit management plans and certifications. They asked if current
management plans would need to be reviewed and updated for approval,
and also, what types of changes in approved plans would require
reapproval of the documents; they strongly suggested that only
significant changes require reapproval within the 3-year timeframe. One
commenter suggested that a borrower with multiple properties should be
able to submit a ``master file'' with a plan for all the borrower's
properties. Another asked if the management certification could be done
as part of the budget document. Commenters also asked about using a
management agreement acceptable to both the Agency and the State
finance Agency to help eliminate paperwork.
Response: The Agency agrees with the commenters that only
significant changes will require resubmission of documents. As noted in
Sec. 3560.102(c) of the interim final rule, the Agency will no longer
approve management plans. Borrowers will need to prepare and submit
updated management plans initially after publication of this rule.
Subsequent updates are required when project operations substantially
change with regard to the mandatory items in the plan, or if the
borrower needs to submit a workout plan and the management plan needs
to be updated to be consistent with the workout plan (see subpart J).
Topic: Numerous commenters questioned the requirement in Sec.
3560.102(d) that the management plan be updated if the project is found
to be out of compliance. The commenters questioned the need to update
the management plan in cases where the problem is not due to items
covered in the plan and noted that this poses an unnecessary burden.
Response: The Agency agrees with the commenters' concern but notes
that the paragraph allows borrowers to submit a statement that the
management plan is adequate to assure compliance if changes to the plan
are not needed to address the violation. Further, the Agency believes
that requiring the management plan to be updated to describe how
compliance violations are to be addressed is reasonable when such
changes would support compliance. Therefore, the Agency has made no
changes to the management plan requirements.
Topic: Management fees and the policy for determining allowable
fees to be paid out of project income received numerous comments. A
number of commenters supported the new method. Some commenters
suggested that a base fee using a National average, with add-ons for
geographic factors, would help with consistency. However, others
expressed strong opinions that the determination of reasonable fee
standards could only be done effectively at the State level. Numerous
commenters were disappointed that the Agency chose to institute a ``per
unit, per month'' management fee rather than a fee based on a
percentage of revenue or gross collections. They were also concerned
that much of the clarity gained through the development of
Administrative Notices on this topic did not appear in the rule. Many
commenters were concerned that any method used to determine a range of
base fees for a given area would be seriously flawed. Their concerns
included the following:
Management fees should be determined at the State level
because only the state has specific market knowledge to set fees
correctly.
Management fees should be published periodically at
specified times. Some commenters worried that the process of
publication will delay the release of the fees. They asked that State
lists be made available immediately.
RHS should consider Consumer Price Index when establishing
management fees.
The management fee system should ensure that the
appropriate fee ranges are allowed. Some suggested looking at
successful State models for per-unit fees.
Commenters also had a number of questions and clarifications
regarding the eligibility for fees of Public Housing Authorities, the
fees for sections 514 and 516 projects, the bundle of services, and
add-on fees and the relationship of these fees to fees in market rate
properties.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns and has
revised Sec. 3560.102(i) to address clarification issues raised by the
commenters. Management fees will be paid based on a ``per occupied
unit'' basis. The Agency feels that this is the fairest methodology at
this time. The base fee will be valued on a specific ``bundle of
services'' that has been added to this section. The ``bundle of
services'' has previously been issued in Administrative Notices.
Periodically, the Agency through the State Offices will publish the
base fee. The States will determine the base fee using housing industry
data for their state. The frequency for updating the fee ranges will be
established in Agency program procedures.
Topic: The Agency received numerous comments with respect to
management agents being allowed to earn a management fee for any unit
occupied for at least one day during the month. Several commenters said
that allowing for a management fee for a partial month is a welcomed
improvement; however, there was disagreement about whether the Agency's
information management capabilities would allow it to effectively track
monthly occupancy rates, including units that are vacant on the first
of the month but occupied later in the month. Some commenters suggested
that management agents should only be eligible to receive a fee for a
unit that was occupied on the first of a month; in contrast, other
commenters argued that occupancy should not even be a factor in
calculating management fees. They stressed this method is not the
industry standard because vacant units often require more attention
than occupied units. In addition, the tracking of occupied units places
an additional burden on the management agent. One compromise approach
offered was to allow management fees on the total units as long as the
property stays 90 percent occupied, and per-unit fees if the property
falls below the 90 percent threshold.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns.
However, the Agency believes the rule as written takes into account
partial occupancy at Sec. 3560.102(i)(2). If additional staff time is
needed to perform leasing activities to address vacancies, these costs
are payable directly from the project. For this reason, the Agency
believes that a fee system based on occupied units will not adversely
affect projects experiencing vacancies or higher turnover. Further, if
a property is located in a difficult market, the Agency can authorize
add-on fees as a means to address issues associated with individual
markets in an area. The Agency has made no changes to the rule but will
continue to consider options and refinements during the comment period
of the interim final rule.
Topic: The bundle of services concept established in Sec.
3560.102(i) received many comments and questions. Several commenters
asked for more detail on the included list of services. Some expressed
concern that this arrangement will add new costs and complexity to the
compensation of management
[[Page 69055]]
agents, while others strongly endorsed the concept stating that it will
help bring clarity and consistency to the process. Commenters stressed
that, given the diversity of business practices among agents, the
defined bundle of services must be complete, necessary, and consistent
among projects, counties, and states. Some commenters asked that a list
of charges for each state (for the bundle of services) should be made
available for comment before the interim final rule is published.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and has endeavored
to establish a clear, appropriate, and practical delineation of
project-related costs and services to be covered out of the management
fee, and those costs and services to be paid directly from project
income. RHS has developed this definition of the bundle of services for
the management fee based on extensive input from stakeholders prior to
the rulemaking. The bundle of services can be found at Sec.
3560.102(i)(3) of the interim final rule.
Topic: Commenters raised several points about the benefits and
potential costs of the prohibition on IOI relationships in the program.
Several commenters recommended that IOI relationships between any
parties connected to a particular Agency-financed project be
prohibited, while other commenters stated that such a prohibition would
increase the cost of goods and services for many projects. In addition,
several commenters suggested that Sec. 3560.102(g)(2) be revised to
state that failure to disclose IOI relationships will subject the
borrower, management agent, and any other firms or employees found to
have an IOI relationship to suspension and debarment. Still others
asked for more guidance on what constitutes an IOI relationship and how
to document it.
Response: While the Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns,
requirements regarding the disclosure of IOI relationships and
documentation that the use of such providers and suppliers is in the
best interest of the project are essential program controls to ensure
program integrity and reduce the risk of abuse. Further, the Agency's
ability to suspend or debar borrowers who fail to disclose IOI
relationships is important to enforcing this requirement; however, the
Agency reserves the right to use this provision within its discretion.
For these reasons, the Agency has made no change to Sec. 3560.102(g)
in the interim final rule.
Topic: The prohibition of IOI insurance carriers drew many
comments. Commenters explained that with rising insurance premiums,
they have fewer and fewer choices for insurance providers. They noted
that it is especially difficult to find insurance in rural and tribal
areas; many have found that their only cost-effective option has been
with carriers that would be considered to have an IOI relationship with
the borrower. Commenters emphasized that member-owned risk pools have
been a successful strategy for holding down insurance costs, but these,
too, are adversely affected by the prohibition on IOIs. Commenters
urged the Agency to remove the IOI prohibition with respect to
insurance.
Response: The Agency has considered these comments and has deleted
the requirement under Sec. 3560.105(e) that prohibited borrowers from
using IOI insurance carriers. The Agency expects that this change will
improve borrowers' ability to obtain Agency-required coverage at a
lower cost.
Topic: Regarding the Agency's general insurance requirements,
several commenters stated that the Agency should not have to deem
insurance carriers as ``reputable and financially sound.'' Other
commenters recommended that the minimum property insurance coverage
should be the replacement value, not the depreciated replacement value.
They offered that the alternative of existing debt is acceptable.
Commenters also proposed adding language to the regulation on tenant
responsibility for ``contents'' insurance, the use of project revenue
for nonprofit organizations' director's liability insurance, and the
deposit of checks. Commenters also requested certain changes to
language in the rule for clarity regarding insurance minimums and
limited insurance. Finally, one commenter expressed satisfaction with
the addition of the guidance on policies for several buildings.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comments and suggestions, and
has made several of the suggested editorial changes to the rule for
clarity at Sec. 3560.105(b),(c), and (d). The Agency acknowledges the
concerns raised, and while the Agency has decided not to make
substantive modifications to its insurance requirements in the interim
final rule, the Agency will continue to accept comments and consider
them in subsequent policy discussions prior to publishing the final
rule.
Topic: Commenters also asked RHS to allow greater flexibility with
respect to insurance requirements to allow the Agency and borrowers to
appropriately respond to changing market conditions. Several commenters
expressed strong concern about rising insurance premiums and identified
possible cost-effective alternatives to current insurance policies.
They stressed the need for exception authority and suggested that one
approach--at the state level grant exceptions to the deductible
requirement, while allowing borrowers to put aside funds to self-insure
for the difference.
Response: The Agency recognizes the cost issues associated with
insurance and changes in the insurance industry. Since September 11,
2001, the Agency has been processing deductible exceptions and meeting
with industry groups in order to develop a response to higher costs.
Therefore, the Agency has increased the maximum allowable deductible to
$10,000 (for property insurance). The Agency has retained the
flexibility for increased deductible amounts.
Topic: Regarding requirements for insurance deductibles, several
commenters stated that the required deductibles were too low and could
result in dramatic premium increases. Other commenters said that the
deductible limits (of 0.5 percent or $5,000) were set many years ago
and should be adjusted to reflect current industry standards. Finally,
several commenters asked for clarification with regard to the language
in Sec. 3560.105(f) about how insurance deductible ``amounts must be
accounted for in the reserve account.''
Response: The Agency recognizes the commenters' concerns. It has
adjusted the deductible amounts to reflect current industry practice
and they appear at Sec. 3560.105(f)(8) in the interim final rule.
Topic: The Agency received several comments on the requirements for
hazard insurance coverage. These commenters asked the Agency to clarify
its definition of hazard insurance. For instance, some commenters were
uncertain if terrorism or earthquake coverage is required. Several
commenters stated that earthquake insurance should not be required as
it is prohibitively expensive.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and has revised the
interim final rule to clarify the insurance types required at Sec.
3560.105(f)(1) and (2).
Topic: Regarding requirements for liability and fidelity coverage,
some commenters said that while the proposed rule provides for minimum
liability coverage of $1,000,000 per occurrence, no deductible is
provided in the proposed rule. Similarly, commenters expressed concern
that the proposed rule did not provide minimum
[[Page 69056]]
coverage amounts and deductibles for fidelity coverage. Commenters also
asked that language regarding the breadth of liability coverage be
changed to specify the coverage of buildings; grounds; and common,
commercial, and other public space. They suggested that language on
options for liability coverage, such as errors and omissions and
environmental damage, be moved to the Asset Management Handbook. For
fidelity coverage, commenters indicated that the provision for
reflecting the portion covering the employee in the management plan was
not practical.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns. The
deductible amounts for fidelity coverage have been included in the
interim final rule at Sec. 3560.105(h)(2)(i). The Agency has retained
the language from the proposed rule regarding coverage of areas beyond
the buildings in the interim final rule and has replaced the language
regarding the fidelity premium to state that the premium could be
prorated among the housing projects covered. The Agency has not removed
the language on suggested coverage as it reflects current industry
standards and, as a minimum amount, is not likely to require regular
updating.
Topic: Several commenters objected to the Agency's requirement that
the Agency must be named as co-payee on all loss drafts. These
commenters felt that this is a viable requirement only when the Agency
is in first lien position. Several commenters said that if the Agency
is in the junior lien position, the Agency can be named as an
additional insured.
Response: The Agency has considered these comments and made
appropriate revisions at Sec. 3560.105(b)(4) of the interim final
rule.
Topic: Regarding the affirmative marketing and accessibility
requirements discussed in Sec. 3560.104, one commenter expressed
appreciation for the level of specificity provided in the rule, while
another stated that further guidance was still needed. Several
commenters proposed edits to the language to strengthen and clarify
requirements regarding community contacts, the frequency of advertising
and the publication of advertisements, the costs associated with fair
housing training for staff, and requirements regarding limited English
proficiency. Another commenter asked for additional detail regarding
accessibility and reasonable accommodations. Finally, several
commenters asked for clarification regarding the requirements for
updates to the Affirmative Fair Housing Marketing Plan, suggesting that
updates be made only for significant changes.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comments and has made the
change to clarify organizations for the disabled at Sec.
3560.104(b)(4)(ii)(B) of the interim final rule. The Agency has not
made changes to the language on reasonable accommodations and financial
burden because it is based on fair housing and accessibility statutes
and their implementing regulations. Additional clarification about
procedures and determinations regarding reasonable accommodations and
Affirmative Fair Housing Marketing Plans are included in internal
Agency procedures. Limited English proficiency requirements are
addressed in subpart A.
Topic: The Agency received a number of additional comments
regarding the fair housing and accessibility requirements in subpart C.
Commenters noted the importance of these requirements. Several
commenters stated that reasonable accommodations should be made at the
project's expense, not at the borrower's expense as stated in the
proposed rule. Other commenters asked for clarification as to who makes
the decision about whether a request for an accommodation causes undue
financial or administrative burden, and one asked for a definition of
undue burden. Multiple commenters requested a change in the language
about persons with disabilities and companion animals to help clarify
which tenants can request this accommodation. Other commenters said
that the discussion of accessible laundry facilities does not allow for
alternate arrangements, as allowed by section 504. Other commenters
stated that in the interim final rule, any discussion of common area
accessibility must refer to the Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards
(UFAS). Still other commenters said that the proposed rule's language
defining responsibility for paying for reasonable accommodations is
unclear.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comments and has changed the
language at Sec. 3560.104(c)(4) of the interim final rule to place the
financial burden on the property, instead of on the borrower, and
further clarifies this responsibility.
Topic: The discussion of required signage drew many comments. Some
suggested language changes to clarify the requirements. Others
questioned the need for such extensive guidance on these topics. Still
others questioned about the applicability of the requirement and
whether existing signs had to be changed to meet the requirements or
local requirements.
Response: The Agency acknowledges that the ten requirements listed
under Sec. 3560.104(d) are very specific but does not consider these
requirements to be onerous. Further, the Agency believes that this
detail is appropriate to help ensure compliance with applicable Federal
fair housing and accessibility requirements. Therefore, the Agency has
retained these requirements in the interim final rule.
Topic: Several commenters disagreed with the language in certain
paragraphs in subpart C that referred to the ADA. The commenters
correctly noted that these paragraphs should refer to section 504 of
the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 because most areas in residential
properties are not regulated under the ADA.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for highlighting this
issue and has removed the identified references to the ADA from the
interim final rule.
Topic: Regarding policies related to payment of property taxes,
some commenters stated that the Agency should not require the borrower
to certify that the property's taxes were paid because some states have
services that notify USDA of property tax delinquencies. Several other
commenters suggested that instead of requiring the Agency to pay
property taxes when the borrower fails to do so, the Agency should
determine whether it is in the best interest of the Government to pay
the delinquent taxes.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and removed the
requirement at Sec. 3560.105(i) for borrowers to certify the payment
of property taxes from the interim final rule. However, this
certification will remain as a requirement for the annual financial
statements. The Agency has considered the suggestion regarding property
taxes but believes that it is not prudent as a general policy to relax
the requirement for keeping the property tax payment current. More
guidance on the annual financial statements will be provided by the MFH
Engagement Guidelines to be issued separately.
Topic: The Agency received a number of comments on the
qualifications for acceptable management agents. Some commenters
approved of the requirements, while others suggested that it may be
difficult to find management entities with the required 2 years of
experience in many rural areas. Other commenters questioned whether
this requirement is unnecessary for small properties. One commenter
suggested broadening the requirement to allow experience managing LIHTC
properties to satisfy the experience
[[Page 69057]]
requirement. One commenter suggested requiring the prospective
management agent to disclose all past RRH properties managed as
evidence of past performance.
Response: The Agency understands the commenters' concerns but has
retained the experience requirement. RHS believes that successful
experience with some type of federally assisted affordable housing is
important for effective project management because the program rules
require specialized knowledge beyond conventional property management.
The Agency notes that experience managing LIHTC projects would be
acceptable experience.
Topic: There were also comments on the 45-day approval timeframe
for management agents. Some commenters agreed with it or suggested
lengthening it to 90 days to allow the Agency more time for review.
Others stated that the approval timeframe, with 30-day interim
authorizations, for new agents is too long for a project without a
management agent and suggested that the Agency should simply accept the
agent and provide approval after the change has taken effect.
Response: The Agency understands the commenters' concerns about
getting new management agents in place quickly but also needs to allow
adequate time for Agency review of a prospective agent's experience and
acceptability. In balancing these two considerations, the Agency has
decided to retain the proposed timeframes in the interim final rule.
Topic: The Agency received several comments on the requirement for
resident participation in property management. The commenters were
concerned that the wording implies that residents have a role in
decisions regarding property operation beyond input and suggestions.
They stated that while resident input is helpful, borrowers' financial
responsibilities also give them full responsibility for operations.
Response: The Agency emphasizes that the borrower has ultimate
responsibility and, therefore, decisionmaking authority in the
property. The intent of the tenant participation requirement is only to
provide an opportunity for tenant input into the management process,
not a role in making decisions.
Topic: One commenter suggested adding a requirement to the rule
requiring language in the management agreement that clearly establishes
a management agent's responsibility and liability for any equity
skimming it causes or allows to happen.
Response: The Agency does not have a direct relationship with the
borrower's management agent and cannot hold such agents directly
responsible for these activities. The Agency relationship is with the
borrower and, as such holds the borrower responsible for all activities
at Agency-financed properties.
Subpart D--Multi-Family Housing Occupancy
Topic: The Agency received a substantial number of comments on
lease and occupancy terminations. Several commenters said that the
regulation should acknowledge that some tenants are displaced through
no fault of their own and describe the tenants' rights in these
situations.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for this suggestion and
has modified the interim final rule. Specifically, the Agency has
modified Sec. 3560.159(c) to state that tenants whose leases are
terminated through no fault of their own are entitled to benefits under
the Uniform Relocation Act.
Topic: Several commenters said that once a termination notice is
given to the tenant to vacate, the tenant's recourse should be through
the court system. To allow a tenant to provide a corrective action plan
will only increase the termination time of problem tenants. Other
commenters said that the proposed regulation still excludes evictions
from the grievance process but also eliminates the written warning
requirement and the right to meet with the borrower to discuss the
alleged lease violation and possibly the termination notice itself.
Response: The Agency has modified Sec. 3560.159(a) to state that
the borrower must give the tenant written notice of the violation and
give the tenant the opportunity to correct the violation prior to
terminating a lease.
Topic: The Agency received several comments that recommend revised
language regarding the termination of occupancy in Sec.
3560.159(a)(1). One commenter suggests that Sec. 3560.159(a)(1)(i) be
revised to read: ``Violations of lease provisions or occupancy rules
which are substantial and/or repeated.'' The commenter also suggested
revisions to Sec. 3560.159(a)(1)(ii), specifically, removing ``beyond
the grace period.''
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for the suggestions and
has changed the above referenced sentences as recommended at Sec.
3560.159(a)(1)(i) and (ii) in the interim final rule.
Topic: Several commenters wanted the current regulation to better
specify residents' rights and borrowers' obligations. Specifically, the
commenters identified the following:
The proposed regulation eliminates the requirement that
the borrower notify the tenant of the right to review the borrower's
file and copy information from it.
RHS streamlining efforts have gone too far in the eviction
or termination section of the proposed rule. RHS should revise the
termination section by adding back the language about tenants' rights
and obligations from the current regulation and stating these rights in
a precise and clear manner that residents can understand.
RHS should make it clear to its borrowers that the
rejection or eviction of otherwise eligible applicants or tenants may
cause borrowers to violate the Fair Housing Act, title VI of the Civil
Rights Act of 1964, and other civil rights laws.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns. The
issue regarding the tenant's right to review the borrower's file is
described in the interim final rule at Sec. 3560.160(g)(4). The Agency
has amended 7 CFR 3560.159 to include additional tenant protections
with respect to termination. The civil rights laws to which borrowers,
tenants, and the Agency are bound are described in 7 CFR 3560.2.
Topic: Multiple commenters praised the Agency for drafting the
proposed rule to give new latitude to USDA to issue Letters of Priority
Entitlement when required repair or rehabilitation causes displacement.
The commenters believed that this added authority is helpful.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' support.
Topic: One commenter advised the Agency to include ``major loss or
destruction by fire'' as another example of conditions that could lead
to termination, even if temporary until the housing can be restored for
occupancy.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's concern. The
situation described is referenced in 7 CFR 3560.159(c), which states
that a tenant's occupancy may be terminated in the event of a building
rehabilitation or a natural disaster. This paragraph further explains
the tenant's rights under these circumstances.
Topic: Commenters stated that material lease violations should not
be attributed to innocent members of the household, particularly in
cases of domestic violence.
Response: The Agency notes the commenters' concerns. However,
termination of tenancy terminates the lease of the unit and not
specific household members.
[[Page 69058]]
Topic: Comments were received regarding the Agency's prohibitions
against noncitizens. Several commenters contended that if enacted, the
regulation would have a negative impact on many existing tenants who
are not eligible noncitizens. This, in turn, will have a negative
impact on the projects themselves. One commenter asked whether
noncitizens could live in section 515 properties.
Response: While the Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns,
restricting occupancy in sections 514, 515, and 516 properties to U.S.
citizens and legal immigrants is a statutory requirement.
Topic: The Agency received one comment recommending that RHS expand
its proposed definition of legal or qualified alien to include three
classes of immigrants that Congress recently determined should be
eligible for public benefits, including ``public and assisted housing''
under the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation
Act of 1996 and the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant
Responsibility Act of 1996.
Response: While the Agency appreciates the commenter's suggestion,
it has made no change because the definition of a legal alien is
statutory per 42 U.S.C. 1436(a). The Agency has exercised its authority
under sections 501(h) and 510(k) of the Housing Act of 1949 [42 U.S.C.
1471(h) and 1480(k)] to restrict eligibility for occupancy in all
section 515 projects to citizens and qualified aliens. In addition,
eligibility for the migrant farm worker programs under sections 514 and
516 is specifically restricted to such individuals by section
514(f)(3)(A) of the Housing Act of 1949 [42 U.S.C. 1484(f)(3)(A)].
Topic: Several comments were received regarding the proposed rule's
citizen requirement for the head of household. First, the commenter
indicated that RHS's proposal to require the head of household be a
citizen or a permanent resident violates section 501(h) of the Housing
Act of 1949. In addition, the commenter asserted that HUD has not
conditioned eligibility to reside in its housing upon an adult member
being a citizen or a person legally admitted for permanent residency.
Finally, the commenter urged RHS to clarify language in Sec. 3560.152
to indicate that only one member of a household need be a citizen or
legal or qualified alien.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns, but it
has made no change because the requirement for occupants of sections
514, 515, and 516 housing to be citizens or legal immigrants is
statutory.
Topic: With regard to Sec. 3560.152(a)(1) and Sec.
3560.154(a)(7), a comment was received suggesting that USDA incorporate
appendix 2 to the HUD Handbook 4350.3. Further, the commenter urged
USDA to coordinate with the Department of Homeland Security in much the
same manner as HUD.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for this suggestion.
Appendix 2 to the HUD Handbook 4350.3 is incorporated into internal
Agency procedures.
Topic: Several comments were received regarding the acceptance of
income-ineligible tenants into section 515 properties. Several
commenters noted that if enacted, the Agency would require the borrower
to publish local notices when waivers are granted to allow a project to
rent to ineligible tenants. They thought that Sec. 3560.152(d) was an
unnecessary, excessive, and costly requirement to impose on what are
presumably vacancy-troubled projects.
Response: The Agency notes the commenters' concerns and has removed
this requirement from the interim final rule. In the proposed rule, it
was located at Sec. 3560.152(d)(3).
Topic: Regarding Sec. 3560.152(d)(4), commenters believed that
borrowers should not be required to submit monthly reports to the
Agency regarding marketing efforts to locate eligible tenants. Instead,
records should be kept onsite for review during Agency inspections.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for raising this issue
and has modified the interim final rule so that the monthly report
submission is not required. In the proposed rule, this was located at
Sec. 3560.152(d)(4).
Topic: Regarding Sec. 3560.152(e), commenters generally argued
that the move-in date should be the effective date for tenant
certification, which is the first of the month.
Response: The Agency provides rental assistance, if available, to
eligible tenants as of the first day of the tenant's first full month
of occupancy. Therefore, the recertification date is the first day of
the month for which the tenant is eligible to receive the subsidy. The
Agency has made no change to the interim final rule.
Topic: One commenter asked what ``prevailing market rent rate''
means as referenced in Sec. 3560.152(d)(8).
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's question. The
Agency has removed this reference from Sec. 3560.152(d) of the interim
final rule.
Topic: Several commenters addressed ineligible tenant waivers with
regard to the lease term, as well as the Farm Labor Housing rent.
First, with regard to lease terms, commenters acknowledged that the
proposed rule calls for one-year leases to ineligible tenants followed
by a month-to-month lease thereafter. The commenters recommended that
the lease to ineligible tenants should simply be month-to-month. In
terms of Farm Labor Housing rent, the commenters believed that income-
ineligible tenants should be expected to pay the greater of the one
percent note rent or prevailing market rent, not the lease rate of one
percent in the proposed rule. The Agency received one comment
suggesting that over income residents should be required to move after
the expiration of the current calendar year or 90 days, whichever is
later.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns. The
Agency allows a 1 year lease for ineligible tenants because not
allowing an ineligible tenant to remain in the unit for at least 1 year
could result in an undue financial burden to that tenant, and in many
localities, contravenes State or local law. The Agency believes,
however, that once the year elapses, it is fair to require the
ineligible tenant to move within 30 days if this is stated in the lease
and does not contravene State or local law. The Agency has removed the
reference to prevailing market rate rent.
Topic: Regarding Sec. 3560.152(d)(7), one commenter suggested that
this paragraph be deleted. Other commenters indicated that requiring a
25 percent surcharge for a Plan I projects, which operate at market
rents, would require the borrower to charge rents higher than the
market and consequently hurt project occupancy.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' concerns but has
made no change to Sec. 3560.152(d)(7) because the requirement is not a
change from existing policy, which merely requires that ineligible
tenants pay a higher rent than eligible tenants.
Topic: One commenter addressed Sec. 3560.152(e)(1)(iv) and asked
for clarification regarding the ineligibility consequences faced by
tenants who fail to comply with tenant certification.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's concern. The
interim final rule states that tenants who fail to recertify are no
longer eligible for occupancy and subject to termination of tenancy in
Agency MFH programs covered by the interim final rule. The interim
final rule (at Sec. 3560.152(d)) also explains how ineligible tenants
may
[[Page 69059]]
continue to be housed and the regulations concerning their occupancy.
Topic: Multiple comments were received asking that any change in
tenant eligibility should grandfather in existing tenants.
Response: The Agency notes the commenter's concern; however, any
changes in tenant eligibility requirements will not grandfather in
existing tenants. Existing tenants should not be affected by changes in
eligibility requirements, until their upcoming recertifications.
Further, the Agency's internal procedures provide guidance for existing
tenants.
Topic: One commenter said that allowing borrowers to ``temporarily
rent apartments to all persons without regard to age or income
restrictions'' appears to violate the exemption from the prohibitions
against discrimination because of familial status that was granted to
RHS.
Response: The Agency does not agree with this commenter's
assessment. Ineligible tenants are permitted for temporary periods to
protect the financial interest of the Government. No change was made to
the interim final rule.
Topic: Several comments were received on tenant grievance
procedures. These commenters said that the Notice of Adverse Action is
specifically listed as a category of action a tenant or prospective
tenant may grieve. The commenters went on to say that new language
defines a Notice of Adverse Action as a proposed action that may have
adverse consequence for tenants or prospective tenants, whereas in the
prior regulation it was not clearly defined, and that notice delivery
requirements were excluded from the proposed rule.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' recommendations
and has included delivery requirements at Sec. 3560.160(e) of the
interim final rule.
Topic: Several commenters asked the Agency to include a provision
that when the tenant and the borrower disagree as to whether something
is grievable, the dispute should be viewed as a threshold question to
be decided before the Hearings Officer or panel.
Response: The Agency has made no change to the interim final rule.
The actions that are grievable are identified at Sec. 3560.160(d) of
the interim final rule.
Topic: One commenter suggested that the proposed regulation
indicate that the tenant has a right to grieve the borrower's action or
inaction when it involves the borrower's failure to comply with lease
terms or rules.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's concern. Section
3560.160(b)(2) lists the circumstances under which a borrower's action
or inaction is not grievable. Borrower's failure to comply with lease
provisions or rules would fall under Sec. 3560.160(b)(1) of the
interim final rule.
Topic: The Agency received a few comments regarding compliance with
Sec. 3560.103 and a tenant's right to grieve. One commenter believes
the standards contained in the proposed rule are too broad. For
example, the commenter cited Sec. 3560.103, which indicates that
failure to maintain the premises in such a manner that provides decent,
safe, sanitary, and affordable housing is grounds for a grievance. The
commenter interpreted this to mean that residents would have a right to
a grievance hearing if they thought the landscaping was not attractive.
Another commenter believed that these standards should be posted or
handed out to tenants at the time a lease agreement is executed.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns. The
Agency cannot prevent nuisance or frivolous grievance filings but has
attempted to outline realistic standards of property maintenance that
are expected of borrowers. Additionally, the Agency does not believe it
is necessary to require borrowers to provide these standards to tenants
as part of the lease. The standards are contained in Sec. 3560.103 of
the interim final rule.
Topic: One commenter addressed the issue of grievances based on
discrimination against protected classes (Sec. 3560.160(a)(2)).
According to the commenter, this paragraph includes marital status and
sexual preference as protected classes, which is unlike any other
Federal law. The commenter believes there is no apparent need to have
greater fair housing provisions than in other Government programs.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for raising this issue.
The Agency has revised the language in this section to include only the
protected classes as specified under Federal law. Marital status and
sexual preference have been removed from Sec. 3560.160(a)(2) in the
interim final rule.
Topic: Several comments addressed grievances that may involve
discrimination. One commenter suggested that language should be added
to Sec. 3560.160(a)(2) to clarify that discrimination complaints
should be filed with the Regional Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity
Office of HUD. Another commenter suggested that discrimination
grievances could be handled under Sec. 3560.160, if the grievant so
desires.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters' for these suggestions
and has modified the language in Sec. 3560.160(a)(2) to state that any
tenants or potential tenants who feel that they are being discriminated
against may present a complaint to the U.S. Department of Agriculture's
Office of Civil Rights.
Topic: One commenter suggested that the process outlined in Sec.
3560.160 may be abused and used merely for delay. The commenter
recommended allowing an exception where the owner determines that a
resident poses a risk to health and safety to other residents and
property staff.
Response: While the Agency recognizes the commenter's concerns, the
Agency has a responsibility to ensure that all tenants have equal
protection under civil rights and fair housing laws. Tenants have the
right to participate in a grievance process when they feel that they
have been treated unfairly by a borrower or agent of the borrower in an
Agency-assisted MFH property. Section 3560.160(b)(2) makes it clear
that tenants who engage in unlawful behavior that threatens the health
and safety of other tenants may not take advantage of the grievance
process once the termination action has been initiated. The Agency has
made no change to the interim final rule.
Topic: One comment addressing Sec. 3560.160(h)(2)(iii) recommended
that the right of a tenant to confront and cross-examine witnesses
during the hearing be specifically included in Sec.
3560.160(h)(2)(iii) because both the current and the proposed
regulations include such a right for the borrower.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for this suggestion and
has made the change to Sec. 3560.160(h)(2)(iii).
Topic: The Agency received a comment regarding Sec. 3560.160(g)(4)
expressing concern that this section limits a tenant's inspection of
the documents, records, and policies a borrower intends to use at a
hearing to a ``reasonable time before the hearing.'' The commenter
believed that the regulation must include a timeframe in which the
borrower is required to disclose their evidence before the hearing so
that the tenant has adequate time to prepare for the hearing.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's concern, but
believes that, ``reasonable time before the hearing'' is clear. In this
instance, a reasonable time is that which allows the tenant adequate
time to use the information to the benefit of his or her case against
the borrower. The Agency has made no change to Sec. 3560.160(g)(4) of
the interim final rule.
Topic: Several comments were received regarding fair and impartial
[[Page 69060]]
hearing procedures. Specifically, the commenters recommended that the
regulation:
Require Hearing Officers to be ``impartial and
disinterested.''
Include the prohibition against the Agency's appointing a
Hearing Officer who was earlier considered by either party to ensure
the integrity of the process.
Include the language of the current regulation, which
prohibits a Hearing Officer from being paid, unless done so by the
Agency.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns and has
incorporated the suggestions into Sec. 3560.160(g)(2) of the interim
final rule.
Topic: The Agency received several comments urging time limits for
certain actions. Specifically, the commenters recommended that the new
regulation:
Impose a time limit on a borrower to submit the summary of
the informal meeting to the tenant. This would be similar to the
proposed regulation, which imposes a 10-day time limit on the tenant to
request a hearing after receipt of the summary (Sec. 3560.160(g)(1)).
Include a specific timeframe in which the borrower is
required to submit a summary of the meeting to both the tenant and the
Agency.
Impose a requirement on the borrower to prove receipt of
the Response to a Notice of Adverse Action.
Change the 10-day Response time for grievances regarding
lease modifications.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns. Section
3560.160(f) of the interim final rule has been revised to provide for a
10-calendar day time frame for the borrower to provide a summary of the
informal meeting. The Agency has also imposed a requirement on the
borrower to prove receipt of the Response to a Notice of Adverse
Action. The Agency did not change the 10-day Response time for lease
modifications. No justification was provided by the commenter for the
change.
Topic: One comment addressed Sec. 3560.160(f)(3) and noted that
language contained in the current regulation required the borrower to
include certain information in the summary submitted to the tenant, but
this language was left out of the proposed rule. The commenter
recommended that this language be retained in the new regulation.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's concerns and has
incorporated this requirement at Sec. 3560.160(f)(3) of the interim
final rule.
Topic: The Agency received multiple comments on how borrower/tenant
communications, such as Notices of Adverse Action, waiting list
decisions, and eligibility decisions should occur. One commenter urged
that communications be sent via certified mail. Another commenter
suggested that communications be sent by regular mail to the last known
address. Other commenters urged that phone contact be made.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns. Section
3560.160 of the interim final rule provides direction for borrower/
tenant communications in those areas where tenant rights are concerned.
The Agency would prefer that borrowers establish the most efficient
communication system for their property.
Topic: Several commenters urged that any notice from the resident
to the owner or management must be in writing.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' concerns. The
Agency has added language in Sec. 3560.160(f) of the interim final
rule that tenants or prospective tenants must file grievances in
writing.
Topic: One comment recommended that the rule state that any tenant
or prospective tenant seeking occupancy in a housing project may
complain to the Secretary of Agriculture.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for this suggestion and
has modified the interim final rule's language in Sec. 3560.160(a) to
state that any tenants or potential tenants may present a complaint to
the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Office of Civil Rights, which
Agency is the receiver of all complaints.
Topic: One commenter suggested that Sec. 3560.160 should be
deleted. According to the commenter, residents already have leases and
lease rights, landlord/resident law, the legal right to form
associations, and access to the regulatory Agency, so the additional
processes outlined in Sec. 3560.160 are duplicative and burdensome.
Response: While the Agency recognizes the commenter's concerns, it
has a responsibility to ensure that all tenants have equal protection
under civil rights and fair housing laws. Tenants have the right to
participate in a grievance process when they feel that they have been
treated unfairly by a borrower or agent of the borrower in an Agency-
assisted multi-family housing property.
Topic: The Agency received a comment regarding Sec. 3560.160(f)(2)
stating that the 5-calendar-day timeframe for the meeting requirement
by the borrower is rather short. The commenter believed that this time
limit should be extended to 10 days.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for this suggestion and
has incorporated it into Sec. 3560.160(f)(2) of the interim final
rule.
Topic: One commenter cited Sec. 3560.160(i)(2), which indicates
that the notice must state that the decision is not effective for 10
days to allow time for an Agency review as specified in paragraph
(i)(3) of this section. The commenter recommended that this section
clarify that the 10 days are calendar days. Second, the commenter
believed that the reference to (i)(3) appears to be wrong and should be
(i)(4).
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for this suggestion and
has changed the interim final rule to clarify that the 10 days are 10
calendar days. The Agency has made the other editorial changes as well.
Topic: The Agency received a comment regarding Sec. 3560.160(g)(5)
recommending that 15 calendar days are used, rather than 15 days. Also,
in terms of escrow deposits, the commenter suggested a new section be
added that requires that the grievant notify the borrower of his
intention to escrow funds and the name of where the funds are being
held.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concern and has
added ``calendar'' to clarify the time period. The Agency believes
Sec. 3560.160(g)(6)(iv) of the interim final rule provides the
guidance for the tenant providing proof of escrow deposit information.
Topic: A commenter addressed the failure of either party to appear
at a scheduled hearing (Sec. 3560.160(h)(5)). The commenter believed
that postponement of the hearing should not be an option when either
party has failed to appear at a scheduled hearing.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's concern but has
made no change to this provision so that both the borrower and the
tenant have ample opportunity to defend their respective positions.
Topic: The Agency received multiple comments regarding the
importance of resolving disputes without litigation. The commenters
believed that the regulation leaves tenants without adequate protection
and leaves borrowers without a clear process to resolve lease
compliance issues without litigation. One commenter suggested that
without a dispute resolution process, borrowers and tenants will be
forced into litigation and resident evictions will increase.
[[Page 69061]]
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns.
However, the Agency believes that adequate protections are afforded to
the tenant in the interim final rule, including a grievance process,
and that borrowers have appeal rights in certain situations. The Agency
believes that its policy and accompanying procedural guidance provide
ample protection for borrowers and tenants.
Topic: One commenter recommended involving tenants and advocates in
the rulemaking process.
Response: The Agency recognizes that the position of tenants and
advocates is very important to the proper implementation of the
regulation. Tenants' representatives were included in stakeholder
meetings prior to the development of the rule and their input was
considered by the Agency as it developed the proposed rule.
Topic: Several commenters stated that the proposed requirement that
adverse decisions be issued in English as well as other languages when
the area contains a concentration of non-English speakers is overly
burdensome.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns but has
made no change to the language in the interim final rule because
requirements concerning limited English proficiency of applicants and
tenants are civil rights issues and are covered under Sec. 3560.2(b).
Topic: Several commenters stated that applicants with incomplete
applications should not be entered on the waiting list.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and has modified
Sec. 3560.154(f)(4) of the interim final rule to state that tenant
selection will be made from the applicants on the waiting list with
completed applications.
Topic: Several commenters addressed requirements about specifying
both a time and a location when applications can be taken, as well as
office hours in key documents. Specifically, multiple commenters
believed that the requirement to list the office times on the
management plan and Affirmative Fair Housing Marketing Plan should be
removed because it is burdensome to the borrower and managing agent to
update these documents often as office hours change. Other commenters
expressed concern about having to maintain regular office hours in
small projects to take applications, especially since many are
submitted by mail; maintaining office hours in small projects can be
costly.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns and has
revised Sec. 3560.154(c) of the interim final rule to eliminate the
requirement to maintain a place for accepting applications to provide
more flexibility to smaller projects. However, borrowers still need to
announce when and where applications will be taken (in rental
advertisements) and document this information in the management plan
and the Affirmative Fair Housing Marketing Plan because this
information needs to be formally documented to establish compliance
with key fair housing requirements. This is required in Sec.
3560.154(c) of the interim final rule.
Topic: One commenter addressed Sec. 3560.154(g)(2)(ii), believing
that the definition of ``displaced'' is not clear. The commenter
suggested creating a definition of displaced in Sec. 3560.11.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's concern but has
not added a definition of ``displaced'' because the definition is
contained in the Uniform Relocation Act, which is applicable to all
Agency MFH properties.
Topic: The Agency received several comments regarding the
automation of forms and waiting lists. The commenters believed that the
continuation of this practice should be permitted. Another commenter
advocated a waiting list cap.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' concerns and has
undertaken substantial automation initiatives recently. The commenter
did not provide a justification for establishing a waiting list cap,
therefore no change was made to the regulation.
Topic: One commenter suggested revising Sec. 3560.152(e)(1)(iii)
to read: ``Tenants must report to borrowers all changes in their
household status that may affect the tenant's eligibility.''
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for this suggestion and
has made the suggested change to Sec. 3560.152(e)(1)(iii) of the
interim final rule.
Topic: One commenter recommended that in Sec. 3560.152(e)(2) the
Agency should require borrowers to use wage-matching techniques to
confirm tenants' income. The commenter believed that this practice
should be done at initial certification and at each annual
recertification.
Response: The Agency notes the commenter's suggestion. Wage
matching is an internal Agency procedure and not available to
borrowers.
Topic: One commenter addressing the 10-day standard in Sec.
3560.152(e)(2)(iii) recommended that in certain circumstances this
standard should be waived.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's suggestion, but
no change has been made because Sec. 3560.8 of the interim final rule
describes the requirements for administrator exceptions.
Topic: Several comments were received on the Agency's policy of
collecting race and ethnicity data on applications for occupancy.
Several commenters said that the proposed rule requires applicants to
provide this information on the application form and if they elect not
to do so, the owner is required to note applicants' race/ethnicity and
sex on basis of visual observation or surname. In addition, several
commenters noted that applicants' race and/or ethnicity should not
appear on the waiting list. Further, some commenters urged that if race
and/or ethnicity appear on the waiting list, then gender should be
included as well. One commenter said that listing the race categories
in alphabetical order is problematic. This text is based on 7 CFR part
1900, subpart A, and the Federal Register Notice entitled ``Revisions
to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race and
Ethnicity'' published October 30, 1997.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for highlighting this
important issue and has modified Sec. 3560.154(a)(9) of the interim
final rule to include a disclosure statement about the use of race and
ethnicity information that must appear on all applications for housing
under sections 514, 515, and 516. Applicants are not required to
provide this information. The Agency requires the waiting list to
include race and ethnicity information for statistical purposes only.
Topic: One commenter addressed Sec. 3560.154(f) and recommended
that computer-generated waiting lists should only be allowed if the
program does not allow names to be deleted or inserted. The commenter
believes that otherwise computer-generated waiting lists are open to
manipulation and civil rights data are not accumulated.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's concern but it
notes that in Sec. 3560.154(i) of the interim final rule and
irrespective of the form (i.e., electronic or nonelectronic), the
Agency requires borrowers to document their purging procedures in the
project's management plan. To further address the commenter's concern,
the Agency added language to this same paragraph establishing minimum
standards regarding these procedures that will allow Agency review of
borrower management of the waiting list to check for such concerns.
Topic: One commenter disagreed with the requirement that applicants
must
[[Page 69062]]
certify that the unit will be their permanent residence as stated in
Sec. 3560.154(a)(7). The commenter argues that this rule will not work
for migrant families and urges the Agency to revise the language.
Response: The Agency wishes to clarify its position. Section
3560.154(a)(7) states that the applicant must certify that the unit
will be the household's primary residence, not its permanent residence.
Topic: One commenter suggested a revision to Sec. 3560.154(a)(2)
regarding ``the number of household members and their ages.'' The
commenter suggested that this be changed to ``number of household
members and their dates of birth.''
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's suggestion and has
incorporated this change into Sec. 3560.154(a)(2).
Topic: One commenter addressed Sec. 3560.154(a)(10) and did not
believe that individuals have a ``taxpayer identification number.''
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment and has changed this
item to refer to the individual's social security number.
Topic: Several commenters voiced their approval of Sec.
3560.152(a)(3), which makes a household eligible if it qualifies for
and is receiving housing benefits through another program, such as
section 8 or the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) program.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for their support of
this provision.
Topic: Regarding Sec. 3560.154(g), commenters expressed concern
that there is no mention of the right of borrowers to give priority to
LIHTC-eligible tenants if the project is operated under the LIHTC
program, or any mention of the right to leave a unit vacant if no
LIHTC-eligible applicant is available.
Response: The Agency recognizes the commenters' concerns and has
included language regarding selection of applicants in LIHTC projects
at Sec. 3560.154(d) of the interim final rule.
Topic: Comments were received that addressed the Agency's
requirements to establish occupancy policies related to unit sizes.
Numerous commenters stated that the proposed rule was not clear about
the borrower's responsibilities toward residents who are over-or
underhoused. Some commenters asked whether these families would be
required to move from the project. Others suggested that basing
eligibility on unit size could potentially be construed as a violation
of applicable civil rights laws. Another commenter recommended that any
decision on unit size should be given in writing and should contain
specific references to the grievance process.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and has deleted the
requirement for borrowers to establish a minimum threshold of one
person per bedroom for each rental unit from Sec. 3560.155 (e).
Families who are over-or underhoused will be required to move into the
first appropriate size unit available at the property, not to vacate
the property altogether.
Topic: One commenter questioned the proposed regulation regarding
occupancy policies in Sec. 3560.155 because it deletes references to
``fair housing concepts'' such as reasonable accommodation. The
commenter recommended that these concepts remain in the regulation.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for raising this issue
and has added references to reasonable accommodation to Sec.
3560.155(e)(3) of the interim final rule.
Topic: The Agency received multiple comments on Sec.
3560.156(c)(1)(iii) and Sec. 3560.156(c)(15)(xiii) expressing concern
about increasing the extended tenant absences from two weeks to four
weeks. One commenter recommended that the definition of extended tenant
absences remain at two weeks and not be increased to four weeks.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for highlighting this
issue. The reference to the time period for extended absences has been
deleted from the interim final rule. The Agency believes this is an
occupancy rule that is best determined by each property. It is not a
regulatory definition. The borrower has the right to decide what
constitutes an extended absence as long as the definition is
consistently applied to all tenants.
Topic: Several comments specifically focused on Sec.
3560.156(c)(15)(xx) of the proposed rule. One commenter suggested that
the Agency delete examples of good cause and note that good cause
varies based on local practices. In addition, two commenters addressed
the lease requirements contained in Sec. 3560.156(c)(15)(xx). The
commenters recommended that the Agency specify a distance that
represents a good cause move to another location, such as 100 miles.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns and has
deleted the examples of good cause from the interim final rule.
Topic: The Agency received several comments regarding Sec.
3560.156(c)(15)(iii) of the proposed rule, which requires the owner to
accept a tenant's net contribution. One commenter urged greater
flexibility in how borrowers are allowed to apply these funds to
amounts owed by the tenant. Other commenters recommended that this
section be revised so that the owner must first apply funds to back
rent and any damages, then current rent. A commenter believed that this
would limit property abuse.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns and has
revised the interim final regulation at Sec. 3560.152(c)(8) to clarify
that the tenant contribution should first be used for rental charges.
Topic: One commenter addressing Sec. 3560.156(c)(15)(iii) of the
proposed rule argued that the proposed regulation and handbook sections
pertaining to leases and occupancy rules do not adequately cover
security deposits. The commenter thought that the new regulation should
place limits on security deposits, allow residents to contribute to the
deposit over a period of time, require the owner to place the deposits
in segregated escrow accounts, and require that leases contain
information consistent with provisions of State law regarding the use,
collection, and disposition of security deposits.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's concern, but this
information is contained in Sec. 3560.204 of the interim final rule.
Topic: Multiple comments were received regarding displaced tenants
in cases where a unit is uninhabitable in Sec. 3560.156(c)(15)(xviii)
of the proposed rule. One commenter urged that RHS modify the
regulation to make clear that tenants who are displaced from units when
they become uninhabitable have a first right to return to the unit
after it is rehabilitated unless the owner has terminated the residency
for good cause. The second commenter acknowledged that both the current
and proposed regulations require that the lease contain a provision
about disposition of a lease when a unit becomes uninhabitable.
Further, commenters suggested that the proposed regulation clarify that
termination of the tenancy and the subsidy are two different issues,
and that both require written notice and a hearing.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' concerns. While
the Agency has made no change to this section in the interim final
rule, it has modified Sec. 3560.159(c) to state that any tenant
displaced due to a unit being uninhabitable is eligible for benefits
under the Uniform Relocation Act. Section 3560.159 refers to
termination
[[Page 69063]]
of tenancy only; termination of subsidy is discussed at Sec.
3560.259(c) of the interim final rule.
Topic: The Agency received one comment about Sec.
3560.156(c)(15)(ix) of the proposed rule suggesting that the Agency
clarify the proposed rule to indicate that the tenant may not be
evicted for failure to pay charges other than rent or utilities.
Instead, the commenter suggested that the borrower should be limited to
other legal action to collect those charges.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's concern. However,
the Agency believes it is appropriate for termination of occupancy
based on material noncompliance with lease requirements and has
retained this language at Sec. 3560.159(a)(1)(ii) of the interim final
rule.
Topic: Several comments addressing the 30-day move out requirement
in Sec. 3560.156 (c)(1)(i) of the proposed rule recommended that this
paragraph allow tenants to move out either within 30 days or at the end
of the term of the lease, whichever is greater, which would agree with
language in Sec. 3560.158(b).
Response: The Agency acknowledges the issue raised by the
commenters and has revised the interim final rule so that the
requirement is consistent with the language in Sec. 3560.158(b).
Topic: The Agency received a comment about Sec. 3560.156(c)(1)(iv)
of the proposed rule, acknowledging the requirement that tenants make
restitution when unauthorized assistance is received but expressing
concern that the proposed rule does not differentiate between the
unauthorized assistance being the fault of the tenant or the borrower.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's concern. The
Agency has moved references to unauthorized assistance due from the
borrower or from the tenant to subpart O of the interim final rule.
Topic: One commenter addressing Sec. 3560.156(c)(15) of the
proposed rule recommended that the lease include a statement that
tenants agree that they will be held financially responsible if they
receive any excessive Government subsidies because of their failure to
report their accurate income, income changes, true members of the
household and their incomes, or any other improper actions.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's concern. The
certification form that tenants are required to sign includes the
penalties for fraudulent reporting of income. This issue is further
addressed in subpart O of the interim final rule.
Topic: One commenter suggested month-to-month leases rather than
year-long leases.
Response: The Agency has made no change to this provision because
it has always required a minimum one-year initial lease term for all
its MFH projects, as is the case with other Federal housing programs.
Topic: Several comments addressed Agency concurrence with lease
agreements. One commenter suggested the use of standard lease
agreements by State to reduce the attorney certification process that
is required under the proposed regulation. Other commenters questioned
the process of approval of lease modifications. One commenter believed
that the Agency's role should be expanded from just a ``concurrence''
role. One commenter urged that the Office of General Counsel or other
qualified Agency staff be involved in lease reviews.
Response: The Agency has amended Sec. 3560.156(a) of the interim
final rule to state that the Agency must approve all leases. The
borrower's attorney is responsible for ensuring that the lease complies
with all applicable State and local laws. This should not be unduly
burdensome, as most standard leases are in compliance with these laws.
Topic: One commenter expressed opposition to the provision in the
proposed regulation that allows borrowers with projects receiving
section 8 project-based assistance to use the HUD model lease, because
tenant rights and regulations are significantly different between the
two programs.
Response: The Agency appreciates this comment and has revised the
language in Sec. 3560.156(e) to clarify that the HUD lease provisions
will prevail unless they conflict with the requirements of Sec.
3560.156. The revision also specifies that in the event of an overlap
or conflict between the requirements, the provisions most favorable to
the tenant will apply.
Topic: One commenter expressed concerned about the way that the
requirements in Sec. 3560.156(d)(5) have been revised. The commenter
believed that the new wording could lead to borrowers having to notify
a tenant of their intent to bring suit as opposed to notifying them
that a suit has been filed.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for raising this issue.
The Agency has revised this section to specify lease clauses stating
that the borrower may institute a lawsuit without providing advance
notification to the tenant are prohibited.
Topic: Commenters stated that the Agency's requirement to provide
leases, Notices of Adverse Action, and other important documents in
English as well as other languages when the area contains a
concentration of non-English speakers is burdensome from both an
administrative and financial standpoint.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns, but has
made no changes to the applicable sections of subpart D. The
requirements concerning limited English proficiency of applicants and
tenants are civil rights issues and are covered under Sec. 3560.2(b)
of the interim final rule.
Topic: One commenter acknowledged that the proposed regulation
includes language not found in the current rule that ``borrowers must
execute their Agency approved lease with each tenant household * * *''
The commenter believed that borrowers should be required to offer the
same lease to all households in a project or a locality.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the comment. Each household is
required in Sec. 3560.156 of the interim final rule to have an
executed lease on file and borrowers are required to offer an Agency
approved lease to tenants.
Topic: Multiple comments addressed that the proposed regulation
adds the requirement that leases contain the street address of the
management agent to which tenants may direct complaints. Commenters
thought that this meant a management agent with authority to address
the complaint.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the above comment but considers
the sentence as written to be sufficiently clear. Therefore, the Agency
has made no change to this language.
Topic: One commenter did not understand Sec. 3560.156(c)(4) of the
proposed rule. The commenter supported the new requirement that leases
for rental units that receive rental assistance include a clause that
specifies that the tenant's contribution to rent will not increase if
rental assistance is terminated due to actions by the borrower. The
commenter did not understand the use of the term ``other than Federal
assistance.''
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's support for the
addition of this clause. The term ``other than Federal assistance'' has
been deleted from 3560.156(c)(3) of the interim final rule. (The
reference to Sec. 3560.156(c)(4) of the proposed rule was changed and
is now Sec. 3560.156(c)(3) of the interim final rule.)
Topic: One commenter asserted that leases must state that the
housing project is subject to title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964,
section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the Age Discrimination
Act of 1975, and the ADA. While the current regulation (7
[[Page 69064]]
CFR part 1930, subpart C), in addition to identifying the Federal
antidiscrimination laws that apply to the housing project, describes
the appropriate complaint procedure under those laws, the commenter
believed that the complaint information is omitted from the proposed
regulation and should be included.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's suggestion. The
information on applicable civil rights related laws is included in
Sec. 3560.156(c)(6). The complaint procedure is described in Sec.
3560.160.
Topic: One commenter believed that both the proposed regulation and
handbooks should explicitly prohibit lease clauses that would limit
occupancy by persons with disabilities.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's concern; however,
it is against all applicable Federal civil rights laws to prohibit
occupancy by persons with disabilities. The Agency feels that this
information does not need to be restated in Sec. 3560.156(d).
Topic: One commenter suggested that the Agency provide something
similar to the Form RD 1910-11, Applicant Certification Federal
Collection Policies for Consumer or Commercial Debts, to tenants at the
time that they apply for assistance, because such a form describes
actions that may occur to protect the interests of the government.
Response: The Agency has not imposed this additional requirement,
as the certifications on the forms that tenants complete when they
apply for assistance provide the government with authority to collect
unauthorized rental assistance.
Topic: Several comments were received regarding the Agency's
policies on calculating applicant/tenant income and assets. The
majority of commenters on this subpart supported the Agency and stated
that by using the HUD definitions of annual income, adjusted income,
and net assets found in 24 CFR part 5, the Agency will reduce burden on
owners and managers who might otherwise be required to use different
criteria for calculating income and assets for various Federal
programs. Other commenters asked for a comparison between the current
practice and the proposed practice to illustrate how the change would
affect individuals.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' support. The
Agency will consider providing some comparison examples for internal
Agency procedures.
Topic: A commenter suggested that chapter 5 of the HUD Handbook
4350.3, sections 1 and 2, provide considerable guidance on determining
annual income, adjusted income, and net assets. The commenter thought
that RHS should include similar provisions in its handbooks or, at the
very least, refer borrowers and tenants to this HUD Handbook when
questions arise concerning these matters.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's suggestion.
Because the information from this HUD Handbook is procedural, the
Agency will be using similar information on determining annual income,
adjusted income, and net assets in Agency internal guidance about
program procedures.
Topic: Comments were also received on the Agency's policy toward
criminal activity and drug use. Several commenters asked that Sec.
3560.154(j) reference 24 CFR part 5.
Response: The Agency has modified this section to include this
reference.
Topic: Other commenters stated that the Agency's policy to not
allow the lessee or other adult members occupying the unit who commit a
drug violation to enter the premises unless the individual agrees not
to commit a drug violation in the future, participates in a counseling
or recovery program, or has completed such a program is too lax. These
commenters recommended that the Agency employ HUD's one-strike policy.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for their
recommendations; however, the Agency disagrees with the commenter's
view that the above-stated policy established in Sec. 3560.156(c) of
the interim final rule is too lax. It provides the borrower with the
authority to take specific actions to limit the access of such persons
and ultimately terminate tenancy if further drug-related violations are
committed.
Topic: One commenter suggested that Sec. 3560.159(a)(1) should
include evidence of minor infractions such as drug paraphernalia.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's suggestion. The
Agency believes the borrower can include this in occupancy rules or
lease provisions without Agency direction.
Topic: With regard to Sec. 3560.159(a)(1) and (a)(2), one
commenter believed that the regulation should include an innocent
tenant defense for material noncompliance cases.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's concern. However,
the lease termination is based on the terms of the lease, and any
member of the household who signs the lease becomes subject to the
terms of the lease.
Topic: Several commenters stated that the Agency's requirements for
occupancy rules described in Sec. 3560.157 should include guidance on
how to determine who will remain in the unit and/or receive the rental
assistance in the event of a family breakup, particularly in the event
of domestic abuse.
Response: The Agency appreciates this comment. Households that add
or lose any member are required to recertify their income in order to
establish eligibility and/or rental assistance levels. This can be
found in the interim final regulation at Sec. 3560.158(d).
Topic: With regard to Sec. 3560.154(d) and (h), a commenter
indicated that the proposed regulation requires the borrower to base
decisions related to the approval or rejection of the application on
selection criteria contained in the Agency-approved management plan.
The commenter believed, however, that the regulation gives insufficient
guidance on the development of those selection criteria. The commenter
recommended that language be included in this section providing that
the borrower give ``due consideration to mitigating factors'' that
might have led to a history of poor credit, and/or employment or
housing problems.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's concerns. The
interim final rule at Sec. 3560.102 (b) requires that the borrower
describe his applicant eligibility and selection criteria in the
property's management plan, which is reviewed by the Agency.
Topic: Several comments focused on the threshold for interim
recertifications. These commenters stated that the proposed rule
requires a tenant income recertification ``whenever a change in
household status results in a net tenant contribution change that is
greater than $25 per month.'' These commenters felt that tenants cannot
be expected to understand how a change in their household income will
result in a $25 change in their rent.
Response: The Agency reviewed this threshold and has modified Sec.
3560.152(e) to state that an interim recertification is required when a
household's monthly income changes by $100 or more per month. In an
effort to achieve a more realistic threshold, the Agency evaluated
HUD's requirement for recertification and took into further
consideration the generally lower incomes of tenants in Agency-financed
properties. The overwhelming majority of tenants have annual incomes
under $10,000 (or about $800 a month) and turnover at Agency-financed
properties does not result in a substantive change in the tenant income
profile. The Agency determined that a $100 per month change (half of
HUD's $200
[[Page 69065]]
amount) is substantial enough to trigger a recertification but not
common enough to create an undue burden on either the tenant or
borrower in terms of documentation and follow-up. The Agency further
established that a tenant may request a recertification when household
income changes by at least $50 per month.
Topic: One commenter recommended that recertification take place
every 2 years rather than every year.
Response: The Agency has made no change because the requirement to
recertify tenant incomes annually is statutory (see 42 U.S.C. 1490a
section 521(a)( 2)(B)).
Topic: Several commenters addressed Sec. 3560.156(c)(1)(ii) of the
proposed rule. One commenter recommended that the proposed rule require
residents to obtain advance approval of any increase in household
members. Another commenter suggests that, in general, the Agency should
consider eliminating recertification when the only change in a
household is the addition of a minor child (without any increase in
income).
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns but has
made no change. The Agency does not have the authority to require
tenants to obtain preapproval of increases in household members, only
to require reporting of these changes. The Agency does not mandate that
an interim recertification be completed when a minor child is added to
the household unless the household's income will increase as a result.
Topic: With regard to tenant certification and verification, a
commenter cited that the proposed regulation, unlike the rule that it
replaces, fails to set forth any timeframe or deadline for a borrower
to process an updated or interim tenant certification.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's concern. The
timeframe requirement can be found at Sec. 3560.152(e)(2)(iii) of the
interim final rule.
Topic: Several comments were received regarding policies on the
occupancy of accessible units. Several commenters said that Sec.
3560.158(d)(3)(ii) should be modified to say that if an applicant with
a need for a unit with accessibility features applies for housing at a
project and the unit is occupied by an ineligible family, the family
should only be required to move when another suitable unit is available
in the project. Some commenters said that the 30-day notification to
move needs to be clarified, specifically, those moving can only be
given the notification when another nonaccessible unit becomes
available, since it is not the intent to displace a tenant totally. The
commenter believed that it would be difficult to rent such units if
tenants could be forced to move from the complex on 30 days notice at
any time.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for these
recommendations and has modified this section to address the
commenters' concerns. Tenants in units with accessibility features will
not be required to vacate these units until another appropriate size
unit without accessibility features becomes available in the project.
The Agency does not intend to displace in-place tenants, but to move
them to accommodate the needs of persons with disabilities.
Topic: One commenter asked whether a tenant would be considered
overhoused if they were disabled and needed an extra room for apparatus
related to their disability.
Response: A tenant who is disabled will not be considered
overhoused if the tenant needs an additional room for an apparatus
related to the tenant's disability or a live-in aide.
Topic: The Agency heard from several commenters on its policies for
allowing surviving family members to remain in units for which they are
ineligible after the eligible household member dies. Several commenters
recommended that Sec. 3560.158(d) allow a surviving member in this
instance to remain in the unit, even if an eligible applicant or tenant
is available to occupy that unit, unless another suitable unit becomes
available in the project.
Response: The Agency has modified Sec. 3560.158(d) of the interim
final rule, which deals with surviving family members and establishes
timeframes in which surviving members must move to a suitably sized
unit when one becomes available.
Topic: Several commenters stated that mixed housing projects should
not be allowed because designating certain units for occupancy by
families and others for occupancy by elderly households constitutes
segregation and is in violation of title VIII of the Civil Rights Act
of 1968.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for their
recommendation. The interim final rule at Sec. 3560.151 has been
revised to clarify that mixed projects are no longer eligible for
Agency financing under the multi-family housing program.
Topic: The Agency received several comments regarding pets and
service animals. The most frequent comment was that the definition of
reasonable pet rules must be clarified. One commenter noted that the
proposed regulation should contain a further discussion of factors to
consider in the development of pet rules and a list of prohibited
clauses, and that borrowers of operational projects consult with
tenants when revising pet rules and document how that consultation
process was conducted.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' concerns. Internal
Agency procedures will provide further guidance on the development of
pet rules.
Topic: Several comments addressed the issue of guests. One
commenter suggested that the trespass provision of Sec.
3560.156(c)(12) of the proposed rule may violate State laws and
Constitutional rights to association. Other commenters suggested that
the proposed rule should specify exactly when a guest will be
considered a member of the household so that these criteria are applied
equally, fairly, and consistently at all RRH projects.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns, but has
made no change because the lease requirements established in Sec.
3560.156(c)(12) of the proposed rule are statutory. Further, Sec.
3560.157(b)(10) establishes the borrower's responsibility to establish
the terms under which a person staying in the unit is no longer
considered a guest and becomes a member of the household as part of the
property's occupancy rules. The Agency has not provided further detail
because the appropriate definition will vary depending on local
circumstances and in some cases local law. The Agency believes that
this policy is most appropriately set by the borrower and then applied
consistently within a property. The interim final rule provides
guidance on situations in which there is a conflict between Federal and
State or local laws. Specifically, if any lease provision is in
violation of State or local law, the lease may be modified to the
extent needed to comply with the law.
Topic: Multiple commenters addressed Sec. 3560.156(c)(6) and the
requirement that leases will state that the housing will be subject to
the ADA. However, the commenters pointed out that if there is no public
space, this law would not be applicable.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for raising this issue
and has removed the reference to the ADA from Sec. 3560.156(c)(6) of
the interim final rule.
Topic: One commenter expressed concern about the requirement in
Sec. 3560.156(c)(4) of the proposed rule that leases must specify that
no change in the resident contribution will occur due to loan
prepayment. The
[[Page 69066]]
commenter believed this has the effect of extending use restrictions
for undefined periods, which is inappropriate and inconsistent where
the Agency has determined that prepayment is acceptable or where it has
been judged the owner's contract right.
Response: Tenant contributions as a result of prepayment are
covered under subpart N--Housing Preservation in the interim final
rule. Reference to subpart N is made at Sec. 3560.154(c) of the
interim final rule.
Topic: Several comments were received on including office hours in
the occupancy rules and leases. Commenters believe the office hours
should be removed from the occupancy rules; including this in the
occupancy rules would require unnecessary changes.
Response: The Agency has made no change because Sec.
3560.157(b)(7) states that the office hours must be posted at the
property and included in the project's occupancy policies. While the
occupancy policies are to be attached to each tenant's lease, the
Agency believes that it is not too cumbersome to provide a blanket
amendment to each tenant's lease in which the new office hours are
listed.
Topic: One commenter addressed Sec. 3560.157(c), which requires
that 30 days notice be given to residents upon a change in the
occupancy rules, despite the fact that the preceding paragraph requires
the ongoing and permanent posting of the current occupancy rules. The
commenter believed that this paragraph serves no useful purpose since
the occupancy provisions that exist at the time of signing the lease
are the only rules that apply to any given tenant.
Response: The Agency wishes to clarify this matter. The occupancy
rules are an attachment to the lease, not the lease itself. The
borrower may not change the lease, but may change the occupancy rules,
upon written notification to all tenants.
Topic: One commenter noted that the current regulation provides
examples of unreasonable restrictions on the use of community rooms by
tenants and tenant organizations, but the proposed regulations omit
these examples. The commenter thought that they should be included.
Response: In Sec. 3560.157(b)(6), the interim final rule states
that the occupancy rules must address housing services and facilities
available to tenants and members. The Agency will incorporate this
information into its internal Agency procedures. Some examples of
unreasonable restrictions may include occupancy rules requiring
management representatives to be present in order to use community
rooms, barring tenant or cooperative organizational meetings from using
the rooms, or requiring management representatives to be present at any
resident organizational meeting held in community rooms.
Topic: One commenter suggested that the Agency remove the words
``beyond agreed to grace period'' from Sec. 3560.159(a)(1)(ii).
Response: The Agency has made this change to Sec.
3560.159(a)(1)(ii) of the interim final rule.
Subpart E--Rents
Topic: The Agency received numerous comments addressed to this
subpart about the CRCU limitation. While these comments are discussed
here, the Agency notes that CRCU is covered in a number of subparts
throughout the rule, including subparts A, B, G, I, and N. Some
supported the concept, while many expressed significant reservations.
Those that did not support the concept argued either that market forces
already achieve the objective sought by the Agency, or that the concept
places the properties in jeopardy by limiting the resources available
to them. In particular, they noted the potential danger to troubled
housing, new construction, and Farm Labor Housing. They asked that the
concept be piloted before being used broadly. Others asked that the
Agency specifically cite its exception authority.
Commenters cited the critical importance of clearly defining terms
such as ``conventional,'' ``comparable,'' and ``reasonable costs.''
Many commenters noted the difficulty of establishing comparable rents
in rural areas. They noted that comparable units must be similar in
terms of size and age, within the same market (not geographic) area.
Several commenters stressed that the cost of developing new units may
not be reflected in local market rate units. Commenters also noted that
section 515 projects have operational costs that make them difficult to
compare to conventional units such as tenant grievance procedures and
reserve requirements. Commenters also fear that the CRCU may serve as a
disincentive for new owners to take on troubled properties and may make
it difficult to work with other funding sources. They asked that there
be sufficient flexibility in the definition to facilitate transfers,
rehabilitation, and new units and to work with other leveraging
sources. Finally, one commenter stated that the CRCU limitation should
not apply to public housing authorities.
Response: The Agency recognizes and acknowledges the commenters'
concerns. CRCU applies to loan applications, servicing actions, and
preservation actions, not to annual budget reviews and requests for
rent changes. As noted in the preamble to the proposed rule, the Agency
has incorporated this policy into the multi-family regulations to
improve the long-term viability of the multi-family properties in the
program, limit future costs of rental assistance, and reduce the risk
of defaults. The Agency emphasizes that the interim final rule provides
RHS with explicit authority to grant exceptions that allow rents that
exceed CRCU under certain circumstances, such as when allowing these
rents would preserve a valuable affordable housing resource. This
flexibility addresses a number of the commenters' concerns. Section
3560.205(f)(4) was deleted in the interim final rule in order to
address any confusion.
Topic: Numerous comments were received on the Agency's policies on
rent payment grace periods and late fees. Commenters stated that rent
should be due by the fifth day of the month and that late fees should
be increased. They stated that the grace periods and fees in the
proposed rule are not industry standard and do not provide sufficient
incentive to tenants to pay on time. They also noted that they are not
consistent with HUD rules and asked for guidance about what to do in
projects with HUD funding.
Response: While the Agency understands that conventional properties
have a stricter definition of late rent payments and charge higher late
fees, it has made no change to Sec. 3560.209. Many tenants of sections
514, 515, and 516 properties receive their income from Government
agencies by mail. Allowing a 10-day grace period helps to ensure that
tenants are not penalized when their checks are not received on time
and mirrors the borrower's grace period for submitting mortgage
payments to the Agency. Likewise, increasing late fees would be
prohibitive to many tenants living in Agency-financed properties. For
properties with multiple sources of financing, the strictest rules
always apply.
Topic: Some commenters addressed the use and refunding of security
deposits. Several of these commenters remarked that the proposed rule
allows for payment plans for security deposits but offers no parameters
for these plans. Other commenters said that ``routine turnover
expenses'' and other items that may not be covered by a tenant's
security deposit should be more clearly
[[Page 69067]]
defined or that the Agency defer to State laws on this issue. They also
asked for language to clarify the policy on pets versus companion
animals.
Response: The Agency acknowledges these concerns and notes that the
parameters for security deposit payment plans are described in internal
Agency procedures. The Agency has revised Sec. 3560.204(d)(1) in the
interim final rule to substitute ``routine turnover expenses'' with
``expenses due for addressing normal wear and tear.'' ``Normal wear and
tear'' is a term that is commonly used and understood by the property
management industry. The Agency has also revised the interim final rule
to distinguish between pets and companion animals.
Topic: Several comments were received on the budget-based rent
approach described in the proposed regulation. Several commenters said
that there should be standard rent increase allowances, such as
occupancy cost adjustment factor (OCAF) or cost-of-living increases
that are reviewed every three years but are automatic during the
interim years. They also noted that project rents must work with rent
standards established by other funding sources (typically the 30
percent of Area Median Income (AMI)). Several other commenters were
concerned that the budget-based rent approach would be undermined by
CRCU, which would impose an arbitrary cap. Still others asked for
clarification on the four definitions provided in Sec. 3650.202(c),
specifically the mention of LIHTC rents. Finally, commenters asked how
rents would be tested once established.
Response: Regarding the budget-based rent approach, see the
Agency's response in the description of comments received on subpart G
(Financial Management). The Agency has clarified in the preamble to the
interim final rule that the comparison to CRCU will not be applied
during reviews of project budgets, only to new projects, projects
requesting servicing actions, and preservation activities. The Agency
has listed CRCU as a standard in the rule in the circumstances when the
Agency will use it as a standard. The Agency wants to clarify that CRCU
is not listed as a standard in Sec. 3650.303 of the interim final rule
because it will not be used during Agency reviews of annual project
budgets. With regard to the comments on the four definitions provided
in Sec. 3650.202(c), the rents listed in Sec. 3650.202(c) are now
defined in subpart A of the interim final rule. The Agency also deleted
Sec. 3560.205(f)(4) in the interim final rule.
Topic: Several commenters said that the annual review of utility
allowances is too time-consuming and should not be required.
Response: Because utility costs can change notably from year to
year, the Agency, and its interim final rule, requires annual review of
utility allowances as a necessary part of the budgeting process. Just
like the annual tenant income recertification, this annual review helps
to ensure that the amount that tenants pay for shelter cost is not
greater than specified by the program, and helps ensure that rental
assistance usage reflects the utility costs that tenants actually face.
Topic: Several commenters requested that rather than having all
rent changes for all projects go into effect at the beginning of the
project's fiscal year, these should be permitted at any other time.
They noted that by allowing new rents to take effect over several
months, borrowers could submit rent changes and tenant certifications
simultaneously, saving time for the Agency, the borrower, and the
tenant.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments, but no change has
been made because the rent changes are requested as part of the annual
budget that must be submitted for the fiscal year. However, it should
be noted that Sec. 3560.205(c) of the interim final rule states that
the Agency will accept borrower requests for rent changes anytime
during the year if the property is financially distressed due to
circumstances beyond the borrower's control.
Topic: Several commenters asked that the Agency allow projects to
keep section 8 overage as project revenue to address necessary project
repairs. They noted that the Agency is willing to offer interest credit
of 1 percent rents regardless of tenant subsidy and therefore should be
willing to consider letting the project keep the section 8 overage.
Commenters also asked that overage paid by the tenant be kept by the
project.
Response: In such instances of overage, the borrower's interest
credit will be reduced. Further, if a borrower is collecting
significant overage from tenants, project rents should be reevaluated.
Topic: One commenter asked that the proposed rule be revised to
address the circumstance of a security officer occupying a unit for the
good of the property.
Response: The Agency's interim final rule does not address this
issue as it is currently dealt with on a case-by-case basis.
Topic: One commenter asked that the paragraph on funds contributed
to reduce rents clarify that this does not mean borrower contributions
or rehabilitation loans.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment and notes that the
language in the proposed rule was not intended to mean borrower
contributions or rehabilitation loans. The Agency added a sentence to
Sec. 3560.202(e) of the interim final rule to clarify that funds from
borrower contributions or rehabilitation loans will not be counted
towards reducing rents.
Topic: One commenter welcomed the move toward conversion to Plan
II, as this will reduce the cost of operating section 515 projects.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter for this support.
Topic: Several commenters remarked that the Agency's approach to
reviewing HUD section 8 subsidized budgets is only appropriate when HUD
is providing less than 100 percent of the tenant subsidy. They
suggested that when HUD is providing 100 percent of the tenant subsidy,
the Agency should allow the project to charge the rents HUD is willing
to subsidize.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the comment but no change has
been made to the interim final rule because the Agency seeks to ensure
that properties in the program do not receive excessive subsidy. HUD
has issued guidance regarding reviewing HUD section 8/515 subsidized
budgets. The information is included in chapter 14, ``RHS section 515/
8,'' of HUD document, ``Section 8 Renewal Policy--Guidance for the
Renewal of Project-Based Section 8 Contracts.'' This document is
available on the HUD Web site at: http://www.hud.gov/offices/hsg/mfh/exp/guide/s8renew.pdf.
Topic: Commenters had issues with the provisions for rent payment
during eviction proceedings. They noted that rent cannot be accepted
when eviction proceedings are underway. Further, they questioned why
rental assistance and interest credits are suspended, as this can be
detrimental to the property. One commenter added that while tenants
under eviction proceedings are charged the note rent, they do not
always pay it and that borrowers should only be responsible for the
note rent if they actually receive it. Finally, one commenter stressed
the need to protect tenants by ensuring that a failure to recertify was
truly a willful act on the part of the tenant and that the tenant
received adequate notice about recertification.
Response: The Agency acknowledges these comments and has revised
its
[[Page 69068]]
language in Sec. 3560.208(a) of the interim final rule to require
borrowers to put any rent received during eviction proceedings into
escrow and has removed language suspending rental assistance and
interest credits. The Agency believes that the current language
adequately protects tenants as it requires sufficient notice.
Topic: Comments varied regarding the extension of time to submit
the recertification. One commenter said the extension would be helpful
because obtaining signatures from agricultural workers and immigrants
on extended family trips can be difficult. Another commenter agreed
that the additional 10 days for certifications and recertifications
would be helpful. However, one commenter disagreed with the extension.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments. The majority of
the comments agreed with the proposed rule, therefore, no changes were
made for the interim final rule.
Topic: One commenter suggested that utility allowances be
calculated only once every three years, with adjustments to the rate
only once a year.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment but did not make this
change. In Sec. 3560.202(d) of the interim final rule, the Agency
notes that borrowers must review utility allowances annually, adjust
for accuracy, and submit any utility allowance changes to the Agency
for approval. Even if there are no changes, the borrower must notify
the Agency that no changes were made. This annual review is necessary
because utility allowances are integral to a project's budget and
budgets must be submitted annually in accordance with statute 42 U.S.C.
1490(a)(2)(B).
Subpart F--Rental Subsidies
Topic: Several commenters addressed the Agency's requirement to
submit information to the Agency electronically. Some commenters
expressed concern about submitting certification and recertification
information, stating that this requirement is unfair to ``mom and pop''
ownership entities that will resist submitting the information
electronically. Others stated that older properties in the portfolio
should be exempt from this requirement. Conversely, several commenters
urged that the Agency encourage or require the use of Industry
Interface, for example, when borrowers submit their monthly requests
for rental assistance payments, as under Sec. 3560.256, and for the
purpose of assigning rental assistance, as under Sec. 3560.257.
Response: The Agency is requiring electronic submission in order to
expedite the gathering of requisite data. Section 3560.102(i)
establishes the submission requirements for properties with eight or
more units. The Agency has been upgrading their automation processes to
provide better flexibility for borrowers to submit data electronically
to the Agency. The upgraded system, Management Interactive Network
Connection (MINC), allows for borrowers to use software purchased from
vendors or input data directly into the MINC Web site. For more
information, access the MINC Web site at https://usdaminc.sc.egov.usda.gov.
Topic: One commenter asked if a tenant that receives a subsidy
under a HUD program is prevented from giving up the subsidy to qualify
for rental assistance under RHS.
Response: The Agency notes that a tenant receiving a HUD subsidy is
only required to give up the subsidy when a rental assistance unit is
available.
Topic: Several comments were received in which the commenter stated
that the priorities for assigning rental assistance shown in Sec.
3560.253(b) should be changed or removed.
Response: The Agency acknowledges that these priorities were
confusing and has deleted this paragraph in its interim final rule.
Topic: Several commenters addressed eligibility issues under Sec.
3560.254. One commenter addressed the requirements for eligible units,
stating that the current requirements to meet Sec. 3560.103 were
impossible to achieve and that alternative language could include
``Borrowers may not request rental assistance for rental units that are
not habitable.'' Another commenter suggested that the Agency add
language to this section that would terminate rental assistance for
borrowers found in noncompliance with Agency requirements, ``as a means
for expediting repairs and corrective actions.''
Response: The Agency has addressed this topic in the revisions to
subpart C. The Agency has modified the requirements in Sec. 3560.103
to recognize borrower progress in correcting physical deficiencies. If
a borrower is correcting physical deficiencies within a reasonable
period of time, the borrower will not be found out of compliance.
Topic: One commenter wrote that ``the change to require interim
tenant recertifications only when the change in rent would be $25 or
more is an improvement.''
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's support for the
change and has made a change in this policy in the interim final rule
to follow the structure used by HUD for recertifications. In the
interim final rule, interim recertifications are required only when a
household's monthly income increases by $100 or more per month.
Topic: Other comments addressing Sec. 3560.254 discussed household
eligibility. One commenter suggested that compliance with occupancy
rules be clarified so that households that are under-or overhoused due
to a lack of appropriately sized units do not lose their eligibility;
they should retain their rental assistance but be required to move when
an appropriately-sized unit becomes available. Another commenter
suggested that the requirement for having a signed, unexpired tenant
certification form on file be clarified so that households retain their
eligibility if the lack of such a form is not the household's fault.
Response: The Agency notes that subpart D clarifies that under- and
over-housed tenants will retain their rental assistance and be required
to move when a unit becomes available. For situations in which a tenant
does not have a signed, unexpired certification form on file, the
Agency has not modified this rule, but recognizes that individual
circumstances should be considered and that no tenant should be
unfairly penalized.
Topic: Several commenters expressed dismay at the Agency's
citizenship requirements. Commenters said that the Agency should not be
in the business of immigration status. More specifically, one commenter
questioned whether RHS had an adequate basis to consider an entire
household to be eligible based on the citizenship or immigration status
of its head of household, and therefore be eligible for assistance only
if the head of household is eligible. The commenters believed that one
solution would be to follow HUD's approach of prorating assistance to
the household based on the eligibility of each individual. If the
Agency retains this requirement, another commenter stated that many
otherwise eligible farmworker families would no longer be eligible for
occupancy in Agency-assisted housing.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns, but no
change has been made because the requirement for occupants of sections
514, 515, and 516 housing to be citizens or qualified aliens is
statutory.
Topic: Another commenter was confused by the head of household
citizenship requirement because it implied that non-rental assistance
units could be rented to noncitizens/illegal aliens. This person stated
that the implication would contradict the
[[Page 69069]]
requirement ``in Sec. 3560.152 that all household [sic], regardless of
rental assistance status, qualify under the citizen/alien definition in
Sec. 3560.11.''
Response: The Agency notes that the head of household citizenship
requirement does not imply that non-rental assistance units could be
rented to noncitizens/illegal aliens. The requirement that all
households, regardless of rental assistance status, must qualify under
the citizen/alien definition is statutory.
Topic: One commenter suggested that the Agency coordinate with the
Department of Homeland Security (DHS) as HUD has, incorporating
appendix 2 to the HUD Handbook 4350.3, which is a copy of the User
Manual created by U.S Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS) in
2000 for the Systematic Alien Verification Entitlements (SAVE) Program.
References to USCIS should also be replaced with references to DHS.
Response: The Agency recognizes that the correct reference is DHS.
However, the Agency does not feel this comment lends itself to being
incorporated in this rule. Nevertheless, the commenter's suggestion is
incorporated into the Agency's guidance about program procedures.
Topic: Several commenters expressed their approval of the new
requirement that allows borrowers to request rental assistance by
checking a box on the budget form.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for their support.
Topic: One commenter questioned the Agency's automatic renewal of
rental assistance agreements at the existing unit number because the
policy does not account for changes in the number of units or the
amount of rental assistance being received.
Response: The Agency recognizes that changes occur. When borrowers
need rental assistance for more units, they can apply for additional
units. When borrowers require rental assistance for fewer units, the
Agency will transfer the rental assistance to properties with greater
need. Consequently, the Agency does not feel a change to this rule is
necessary.
Topic: Two commenters disagreed with the Agency's requirement that
the borrower notify tenants of a subsidy loss when the Agency does not
have funding available to renew the borrower's rental assistance
contract.
Response: The Agency has decided to retain the requirement that the
borrower notify the tenant because the borrower is in a landlord-tenant
relationship with the tenant, and the loss of rental assistance may
affect the terms of the lease.
Topic: Several commenters said that the borrower should have the
option of paying utility allowances to the utility companies in
individually metered projects. Another suggested that the Agency allow
the issuance of a joint check made payable to the tenant and the
utility company to prevent fraud and abuse and to allow the payment to
be applied directly to the tenant's utility bill.
Response: While the Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns,
it does not have the capacity at present to pay some utility allowances
directly to the utility companies. Implementing this suggestion would
cause an undue administrative burden to the Agency. Currently,
management companies may issue a joint check payable to the tenant and
the utility company.
Topic: One commenter suggested that the Agency clarify Sec.
3560.256 to prevent borrowers from holding households financially
responsible when the Agency adjusts rental assistance payments.
Response: The Agency notes that this issue is clarified in the
public comments and Agency responses addressing subpart O.
Topic: The Agency received several comments urging RHS to prorate
rental assistance based on the tenant's move-in date.
Response: The Agency acknowledges that for units where a tenant
moves in during the middle of the month and the tenant is eligible for
rental assistance, either the property or the tenant covers the
difference. However, the Agency has made no change to the interim final
rule because it does not currently have the information system
capability to allow rental assistance to be prorated.
Topic: Other commenters questioned the idea that residents must be
in good standing to receive rental assistance. The commenters' believed
that tenants should be able to be somewhat delinquent and able to pay
back rent through a payment plan; if tenants could afford to pay their
rents without hardship, they would not be eligible for rental
assistance in the first place.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment; however, no changes
have been made to this subpart. The Agency allows borrowers to
establish policies on rent charges under Sec. 3560.157(b)(2) and
encourages borrowers to structure these policies to permit workout or
payment plans for tenants who encounter payment difficulties due to
circumstances beyond their control. Tenants who are following a payment
plan that is consistent with such a policy and acceptable to the
borrower would be in adequate standing to receive rental assistance.
However, the Agency wants to emphasize that such policies do not
relieve tenants of their responsibility for timely rental payments.
Topic: Several commenters addressed the requirements for assigning
rental assistance in Sec. 3560.257. Commenters indicated that
requirements generally needed to be more flexible and that, in
particular, documenting the percentages occupied by low-income
households was burdensome.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' desire to have
more flexibility, but its first responsibility is to the tenants. By
assigning priorities and targets, the Agency has tried to use its
available rental assistance to best serve the tenants with the greatest
need. Information about the percentage of low-income households is
necessary to help the Agency manage its rental assistance resources
most effectively. Consequently, neither of these suggestions are being
adopted in this rule.
Topic: Two commenters agreed that identifying the term of rental
assistance agreements or having no term was problematic. One person
nevertheless suggested that the term could be ``when the funds
obligated for the units are expended or 5 years, whichever comes
first.''
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment; however, the term of
the agreements have traditionally been established in the appropriation
language each fiscal year, and can change. Therefore, the Agency has
not specified the term of the agreements in the interim final rule.
Topic: One commenter stated his support of the ``change to allow a
lease clause stating that a tenant's rent will not increase when rental
assistance is terminated by actions of the borrower/owner.''
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for supporting this
provision; this lease clause is addressed in subpart D.
Topic: Several commenters addressed Sec. 3560.259 on the transfer
of rental assistance, with most concerns addressing the effect of the
transfer on the property. For example, two commenters recommended that
unused rental assistance remains equal to 5 percent of the total units
to avoid financial problems that occur if the property ends up with
less than 95 percent occupancy the following year. Other commenters
addressed the conditions under which rental
[[Page 69070]]
assistance might be lost and thought clarification in the regulation is
needed for conditions such as transfer of rental assistance due to unit
damage during a disaster, the inability to get an ineligible tenant
evicted, turnover in separate units over 4 months, or units for which
tenant-based section 8 has been accepted and no rental assistance would
be used.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comments addressing the
various conditions that could effect and be affected by the transfer of
rental assistance. The Agency believes that most issues should be
resolved by the 6-month timeframe that occurs before the Agency
assesses whether to transfer rental assistance. For all situations,
particularly those brought about by disasters or by eviction, the
Agency has exception authority under Sec. 3560.8 of the interim final
rule. For clarification, the timeframe for transferring rental
assistance refers to one unit, not to multiple units several months in
a row.
Topic: Other comments on the transfer of rental assistance focused
on the borrower's role in transferring rental assistance. Regarding the
borrower, commenters urged that the regulation expressly allows
borrowers to transfer rental assistance from one project to another or
to accommodate the transfer of rental assistance among projects under a
common general partner.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' suggestion;
however, RHS must consider the needs of the larger portfolio and tenant
population in making decisions about the allocation or transfer of
rental assistance. For this reason, the Agency has made no change, and
it remains the Agency's decision regarding where to transfer rental
assistance.
Topic: Other comments on the transfer of rental assistance focused
on the effect on the household. One commenter recommended that
households in a project who did not receive rental assistance be
notified of the transfer of the rental assistance prior to its
approval. Another commenter pointed out that households that were over-
income are allowed to pay the ``overage,'' and suggested ``leases be
allowed to ``non-renew'' at the annual recertification date for any
``overage tenant'' whose continued occupancy prevents reassignment of
rental assistance.''
Response: The Agency notes that the regulation already protects the
interests of non-rental assistance tenants in the property and has made
no changes to the interim final rule. Prior to transferring rental
assistance, the Agency conducts a review to determine if the property
has other eligible households that qualify for rental assistance. Also,
borrowers who lose rental assistance through transfers can apply for
new rental assistance units when their property reflects a need. The
Agency considered the comment regarding ``overage.'' Tenants paying
overage are eligible to reside in Agency financed housing properties
and should not be forced out of their units when they are still income
eligible. The Agency's housing is available to very low-, low- and
moderate-income tenants in rural areas.
Topic: The Agency received numerous comments on Sec. 3560.259
regarding the Agency's timeframe for transferring rental assistance.
Several commenters contended that requiring the transfer of unused
rental assistance after 4 months is not sufficient for several reasons,
including the seasonal nature of farm work and the recreational
industry and the time it takes to repair units after disasters. Several
commenters stated that the Agency should continue to transfer unused
rental assistance after 12 months. However, one commenter agreed that
rental assistance should be transferred if it is unused for 4 months or
more to ensure that the assistance goes to those with the greatest
need.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and acknowledges
that four months does not give the Agency sufficient time to analyze
assistance needs of current tenants. Therefore, the Agency has
increased the time period to six months in the interim final rule.
Topic: Several comments were received in connection with the
Agency's requirement that non-RHS subsidy contracts cannot be for less
than five years. Some commenters said that non-Agency rental assistance
should be allowed for any period of time because ``some rental
assistance is better than none,'' as one commenter noted. Other
commenters said that this requirement is inconsistent with those of
other funding sources.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns and has
revised Sec. 3560.260(d)(2) in the interim final rule to allow for
subsidy agreements with non-Agency sources ``similar to existing or
current Agency rental assistance funding levels.'' This should make it
easier for projects with Agency financing to obtain rental assistance
from other sources.
Topic: Two commenters provided the following comment: ``Projects
with HUD certificates (project based) have often received a minimal or
no mortgage rate interest credit reduction from the Agency, which often
realizes a basic rent equal to HUD established rent. This regulation
should allow for use of the HUD established rental rate.''
Response: The Agency notes that Sec. 3560.207 of the interim final
rule addresses this issue.
Topic: Two commenters addressed the topic of minimum rents. One
commenter expressed disappointment that the regulation did not address
zero'income tenants and require a minimum rent level. One commenter
wrote that zero rents should be prevented (especially in labor housing)
and suggested that there be a minimal payment of $50 or $100, with
exception granted by the Agency.
Response: The Agency has considered the suggestion but has decided
to retain the language from the proposed rule at this time until it has
time to further evaluate this issue.
Topic: One commenter suggested that the regulation allow rental
assistance to go to higher rent units in LIHTC and tax-exempt bond
projects.
Response: The Agency has decided not to adopt the comment; because
rental assistance is not assigned to a particular unit or rental rate,
it is prioritized by the tenant's need. The Agency details its
priorities in Sec. 3560.257(a) of the interim final rule.
Topic: Two commenters suggested that the Agency allow borrowers
flexibility in how they make use of rental assistance to maximize its
benefits, particularly when the tenant household income rises and its
relative use of rental assistance declines to a nominal amount. In this
situation, one commenter stated: ``The rental assistance unit is tied
up and cannot be reassigned to a more needy very low-income tenant/
applicant. This predicament could be alleviated by creating latitude
for borrowers to intervene and assume responsibility of the cost of
rental assistance to tenants or for the project to offer marketing
incentives to near-moderate income tenant (e.g., those using rental
assistance at a rate of <$10 per month).''
Response: The Agency believes this comment is permitted under this
rule. However, the Agency will need to draft implementing procedures.
Topic: One commenter asked for clarification regarding Sec.
3560.257 because that commenter did not understand the issue.
Response: In Sec. 3560.257 of the interim final rule, the Agency
gives priority to the tenants who most need rental assistance. The
issue is further discussed in the Agency's internal guidance about
program implementation.
[[Page 69071]]
Topic: One commenter stated that the changes in the calculation for
electronic submission of certifications/recertifications were unclear.
Response: The Agency believes that the commenter misunderstood the
changes; the timeline was changed, but the calculation was not changed.
The timeline changes are addressed earlier in this subpart.
Subpart G--Financial Management
Topic: Numerous comments were received on Sec. 3560.308 regarding
the requirements for submitting annual financial statements. Several
commenters stated that lowering the threshold for requiring a
Government Auditing Standards (GAS) audit for projects from 25 units to
16 units would be cost-prohibitive, particularly by raising the costs
for projects least prepared to absorb the additional costs. Several
commenters attempted to estimate the increase in cost, including the
cost to tenants or to taxpayers of subsidizing this increased expense.
Additionally, because the number of projects requiring an audit will go
up, a commenter stated that this requirement will create an additional
burden on Area Offices to review these audits. Other commenters
disagreed, stating that the submission requirements for small
properties currently do not contain sufficient information to
adequately analyze the financial status of the project, and that the
additional requirements in the proposed rule are appropriate. Several
commenters suggested an agreed upon procedures report for smaller
properties that is consistent with generally accepted accounting
principles (GAAP) under 42 U.S.C. 1485(z)(1) be required as an
alternative to a standard audit. Another commenter suggested using a
``verification of review'' to achieve the same goals as the audit at
lower costs. Another suggested requiring audits every second or third
year or forgoing audits on projects that have a good track record of
financial integrity as a way of reducing the burden. Another commenter
said that audits are only as good as the accountant providing them;
since the owner is the one providing the information and paying for the
audit, it is doubtful that requiring audits on smaller complexes will
bring to light additional fraudulent activities. The commenter went on
to say that MFH specialists do not have accounting degrees and are not
equipped to quickly recognize fraudulent activities, and that an audit
of the project should provide all pertinent information that RHS is
interested in that affects Agency-financed projects.
Response: As discussed in the preamble to the proposed rule, the
Agency implemented the change to address concerns raised by the USDA
OIG. The Agency has modified Sec. 3560.308 of the interim final rule
in response to the commenters' concerns, while staying consistent with
the actions agreed upon with OIG. OIG requires that annual financial
reports are prepared in a way that allows the Agency to get a realistic
picture of the property's financial status and operations. By requiring
an Agency approved engagement, the Agency should be able to address OIG
concerns and obtain the information necessary to get an accurate
picture of the property's health. In addition, the Agency has
substantially modified Sec. 3560.308 in the interim final rule to
allow properties with 16 or more units to obtain an Agency approved
engagement report. This section also states that properties with fewer
than 16 units may obtain a limited-scope engagement. These engagements
may be conducted by a CPA or other accounting professional and will
cost considerably less than GAS audits, thereby minimizing the
financial impact on the properties. The Agency has not adopted the
suggestion for procedures reports or verification of reviews because
the Agency needs the information that would be provided in an
acceptable engagement letter so that it can meet OIG needs. The
Agency's new policy shifts away from standard GAS audits to year-end
reports that provide a more detailed picture of each property being
managed. To address the issue of additional burden on Area Offices, RHS
intends to automate most of the review process, enabling Area Office
staff to concentrate on problem cases. One of the major considerations
of the Agency in developing this new policy was the financial impact on
properties. The limited scope engagement required in Sec. 3560.308
provides the Agency with adequate financial information while not
imposing a full audit requirement on smaller properties. The Agency has
the option to obtain full audits on randomly-selected properties every
two or three years. The Agency notes the concerns about the accountants
being selected by the borrowers, but feels that the current rule
strikes the best balance between risk, cost, and reliability.
Topic: Two commenters suggested raising the number of units
triggering the audit threshold from 25 to 33 or 36, rather than
lowering it to16. Another commenter suggested that the cost to projects
that had not been subject to the auditing process would be high,
especially to prepare the first audit, as this auditor would want to
review data from the beginning of the project, which will increase
operating expenses for the most difficult properties to manage. These
properties will have to impose rent increases to accommodate the
additional expense. Another commenter said that one reason stated for
this new requirement is to further monitor IOI transactions, and that
the new proposed management certification should provide the Agency
with a certain amount of comfort that it is putting borrowers on notice
that IOI relationships will be closely monitored. Another commenter
said that the list of borrower accounting responsibilities should
include a requirement to maintain documentation of the financial
benefits where IOI work is used. The dollar amount of fraud at smaller
properties would be less than the added expense of trying to catch it.
Another commenter said that the proposed rule basically allows projects
with less than 16 units to self-certify that their financial reports
are accurate; the proposed rule is unclear in that it says the borrower
must certify that the ``* * * housing meets the performance standards *
* *'' The commenter went on to say that the rule should be more
specific, saying that the borrower must certify that the financial
statement report is accurate and that project funds have only been used
for authorized purposes and for expenses that are actual, necessary,
and reasonable. A commenter said that Agency personnel are currently
awaiting the publication of an Agency guide about preparing annual
financial statements being developed with the assistance of OIG.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns. The
policy set forth in the proposed rule and the interim final rule--the
16-unit threshold--responds to OIG's concern that the Agency is not
receiving a complete and accurate picture of the financial and
operational status of the properties in the Agency's portfolio. While
the Agency's goal is to receive more targeted information, it
recognizes that GAS audits performed by independent CPAs are costly,
which is why the Agency has opted to allow annual reports that are
tailored to Agency specifications for larger projects and limited scope
engagements for smaller projects. The Agency has researched the costs
of obtaining these types of financial reports, which are substantially
lower than the cost of a GAS audit. The Agency does not think that the
cost of such audits will pose an undue financial burden, such as
[[Page 69072]]
increased rents, on the properties in its portfolio. With respect to
identity-of-interest relationships and their impact on the financial
activity at properties, the new management certification will reveal
such relationships but the new financial statement requirements
outlined in Sec. 3560.308 will provide more financial information
regarding these relationships. The new regulation also outlines the
performance standards each engagement and limited engagement is
required to cover. Agency review of this information will verify the
owner's certification. The Agency did not adopt the suggestion
regarding maintaining documentation because that documentation must
already be retained for audits provided under this rule.
Topic: Two commenters said that the Agency should not require an
Agency engagement letter, as this would create additional burden on
Agency staff and could cause delays in completing the audit if the
Agency does not approve the engagement letter in a timely manner. The
commenters went on to say that it would be beneficial for the Agency to
provide suggested wording in accordance with AICPA. Another commenter
said that if the Agency's intention is to distribute the exact verbiage
entailed in an engagement letter, it may be beneficial for the Agency
to ensure the wording is in accordance with GAS and AICPA standards.
The commenter noted that if the prescribed letter was not written in
accordance with the above mentioned standards, accounting firms would
still need to issue a separate engagement letter to discuss their
procedures to be performed in accordance with GAS and AICPA standards.
The commenter went on to say that such firms are required to issue an
engagement letter detailing the procedures to remain licensed in their
profession by peer review standards.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for raising this issue;
however, the commenters seem to have misinterpreted Sec. 3560.308(b).
The Agency does not feel that audits in accordance with GAS are
sufficient because they would not sufficiently cover IOI compliance
issues and do not provide a sufficient sampling for this program. This
section states that the borrower must use an Agency approved engagement
letter, not that the Agency must approve the engagement. The engagement
letter must be approved by the Agency. The Agency will consult with the
OIG which regularly consults with AICPA on engagement and audit
compliance standards. Therefore the engagement letter should be in
alignment with AICPA requirements.
Topic: One commenter suggested that Sec. 3560.308(a)(1) should be
limited to requiring that engagement letters be compliant with GAS.
Another stated that the regulation should specifically state that the
audit should be in accordance with GAS. Another commenter said that for
projects with less than 16 units where a compilation is required, the
MFH Balance Sheet should be submitted. For project with 16 or more
units, in lieu of the MFH Balance Sheet, a balance sheet in accordance
with GAS should be accepted. Another commenter pointed to chapter 1,
section 1.01 of the GAO Government Auditing Standards 2003 Revision
issued by the Comptroller General of the United States which states
that audits and engagements compiled according to GAS are considered
reliable. This commenter also highlighted chapter 1, section 1.02,
regarding auditors who use GAS can support Government accountability.
Another commenter stated that the idea of not getting audits on all
projects creates more opportunity for problems; while this might save a
project some money, most owners must have audits prepared for their
partners anyway.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns. The
Agency does not feel that audits in accordance with GAS are sufficient
because they would not sufficiently cover IOI compliance issues and do
not provide a sufficient sampling for this program. The Agency has
established the engagement standards. A balance sheet is not sufficient
to meet OIG requirements. The regulation does not prevent borrowers
from obtaining GAS audits, but rather seeks to ensure that the Agency
receives detailed financial information tailored to its needs to assist
in the Agency's portfolio analysis.
Topic: One commenter said that in the past, it has been difficult
to reconcile an accrual-based audit to a cash-based Form RD 1930-7,
``Multiple Family Housing Project Budget,'' and that while the proposed
rule indicates that an engagement letter will control the annual report
process for projects with 16 or more units, one of the proposed program
handbooks indicates that this is still an audit. The commenter noted
that as such, the same situation may result--the Form RD 1930-7 is
prepared on a cash basis, while the annual reports are prepared on an
accrual basis. The commenter recommended that the bookkeeping system
and reporting be consistent.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for introducing these
issues and has modified Sec. 3560.302(b)(1) of the interim final rule
to say that the borrow must conduct accounting, bookkeeping, and budget
preparation in a manner consistent with the engagement.
Topic: One commenter said that Sec. 3560.302 could be confusing to
the independent accounting community because it states ``borrowers must
maintain records in a manner suitable for an audit or an engagement.''
The commenter said that an engagement can be several things: An audit,
an audit performed to agreed upon procedures, a review, or a
compilation, all of which are typically performed by CPAs. The
commenter continued, saying that review and compilation engagements do
not include procedures/tests to verify the accuracy of the amounts
disclosed in financial statements, whereas audits are designed to do
just that.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for this observation and
has made changes to Sec. 3560.302(a) to refer to maintaining ``records
in a manner suitable for an engagement,'' rather than to an audit or
engagement.
Topic: One commenter contacted the AICPA and spoke with the
Director of Professional Standards and Services, Ian A. MacKay, on July
11, 2003, more than halfway through the comment period on the proposed
rule. The commenter found that the Director was not even aware of any
changes being proposed by the Agency that would affect the accounting
profession and auditing and urged that any planned changes to audit
guidance must include and involve CPAs. The commenter believed that the
Agency needs to engage and work with industry partners who are the
experts in accounting before issuing the final rule. Another commenter
echoed the idea that CPAs should be involved in writing the Agency
policy and guidance on this topic.
Response: The Agency would like to reassure the commenters that
CPAs and the HUD were consulted during the development of these
policies.
Topic: Another commenter questioned whether the intent of Sec.
3560.308(b) was for projects owned by the same owner and managed by the
same manager to not be required to have separate audits for each
property. The commenter stated a preference for having annual financial
statements on all properties. One commenter suggested that in Sec.
3560.308(b), the term ``managing'' general partner be defined as the
partner responsible for operation under the partnership agreement. One
commenter recommended removing Sec. 3560.308(c) because if only a
sample of housing projects were audited in a specific time period,
audits conducted in later years would lack the necessary data inputs.
[[Page 69073]]
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' suggestions and
has deleted in the interim final rule what was Sec. 3560.308(b) in the
proposed rule. All properties will be required to prepare annual
financial statements, not just a sample number of properties.
Topic: One commenter stated that Sec. 3560.308(d)(7) was too
subjective.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's concern. However,
the Agency believes the standards are sufficiently objective to meet
the needs of the Agency and borrowers.
Topic: Several commenters questioned the 2-year limit in Sec.
3560.308(f), indicating that (1) most audit requests for proposals are
for more than two years, and (2) required audit costs should always be
an authorized project expense. Another commenter requested
clarification on the procedures required by Sec. 3560.308 after the
initial 2-year period. Another commenter said that the proposed rule
states that the Agency will approve a ``full audit expense'' for two
years after the effective date of this regulation and questioned
whether this is an attempt to get borrowers going with these audits and
not worrying about the additional costs that they would incur doing
these ``full audits.''
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for highlighting this
issue and has deleted Sec. 3560.308(f) from the interim final rule.
Annual financial statements are an allowable financial expense through
the term of the property's Agency loan.
Topic: Regarding the proposed language for Sec. 3560.305, several
commenters stated that borrowers should be able to take their returns
without prior authorization from the Agency. Other commenters said that
Sec. 3560.305 appears to allow an owner be paid a return that was
earned several years prior but still not paid, provided sufficient
funds are available to pay it. Some commenters thought that it was
prudent to allow the borrower to accrue unpaid returns on investments,
while others thought that the period for capturing the return should be
limited. One commenter said that the proposed rule should limit how
many years the borrower can go back and be paid earned but unpaid
return on investment, which would possibly prevent large withdrawals on
project accounts where borrowers have not collected their return on
investment because of negative cash flow or their own discretion. One
commenter said that if the audit confirms sufficient cash flow, which
would allow for a return on investment, then the return on investment
should be taken the next year. The commenter went on to say that the
Agency should allow for this return to not be taken ``immediately
after,'' but rather any time during the next year.
Response: The Agency notes these concerns and has modified Sec.
3560.305(b) of the interim final rule to state that a borrower may only
take a return that is accrued but unpaid for the previous year only.
The interim final rule does not require the borrower to receive Agency
approval before taking a return unless the project had a negative cash
flow. The Agency believes that the period of time to recapture earned
returns should be limited and believes this policy is in the best
interest of the property. The borrower is permitted in Sec. 3560.305
to take his return after the fiscal year. The Agency has removed the
word ``immediately'' from the section discussed by the commenter.
Topic: Other commenters said that an owner's return should be
treated like any other property operating expense and that the Agency
should encourage owners to stay in the program instead of discouraging
their involvement by establishing regulations and administrative
processes that result in denying payment of an owner's return. Another
commenter said that the timing for payment of accrued but unpaid return
on investment is unclear and that owners should be allowed to accrue
such returns indefinitely or until sale or other disposition of the
owner's interest, since returns are paid from surplus cash, and do not
affect the underlying real estate. One commenter said that rent
increases should be allowed for a return on investment, which is part
of the budget, and that the Agency's denying such a request constitutes
a clear violation of the loan agreements. The commenter felt that if
RHS cannot guarantee a return, it at least must permit the owner to
seek that return.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns;
however, the return to owner is to be paid only when the project has
surplus cash while being properly operated and maintained. If the
property has adequate occupancy and is operating properly, then the net
operating cash available at the end of the year would enable the
borrower's return to be paid. The Agency does not believe the policies
concerning returns on investment discourage participation in the
program. However, a policy that permits unlimited accrual of such
return could financially harm the property and the Agency's security.
The return on investment is a budgeted line item and, combined with
other operating costs, could be the basis for a rent increase. However,
a rent increase based solely on guaranteeing the return on investment
is not permitted. Therefore the Agency has not adopted these
suggestions.
Topic: One commenter said that consideration should be given to
returns on investment for older projects and allow a return based on
the current value of the original investment, which would help preserve
existing projects because the return allowed is insignificant when
compared to the property's current value.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's concern but has
not modified the regulation at this time. However, the Agency will
consider methods to implement such a change.
Topic: One commenter said that it appears from the language in the
proposed rule that an owner may be paid for a return on investment that
was earned several years prior but still not yet paid, provided
sufficient funds are now available to pay it. The commenter asked if a
project experiences a negative cash flow for the year and lacks
sufficient surplus cash to pay the return, is it assumed that a return
was not earned for that year and therefore could not be paid in
subsequent years. If not, the commenter wanted to know if there is ever
a situation where the return on investment is not earned.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for these suggestions.
The borrower may carry accrued, unpaid distributions on the project
balance sheet but only will be eligible to receive a distribution from
the prior year. This can be found at Sec. 3560.305(b) of the interim
final rule.
Topic: Several commenters said that if the Agency approves a
negative cash flow budget, then the return on investment should be paid
because it is outside the borrower's control. They thought that payment
of return should depend on whether there are sufficient funds to
address the project's capital or operational needs. If reserves are
funded as required, the commenter felt that the return on investment
should be allowed and paid.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concern. The
Agency will only approve a negative cash flow budget at the beginning
of the project's fiscal year if the property has sufficient cash on
hand from the previous fiscal year. Under these circumstances, the
borrower could be eligible to receive a return, but only with the
Agency's prior approval. This can be found at Sec. 3560.305(a)(2) of
the interim final rule. The Agency does not believe the return is
outside of the borrower's control because the borrower controls the
budget. Further, the Agency has not adopted the suggestion to pay a
return
[[Page 69074]]
if there are sufficient funds to address the project's capital or
operational needs because the Agency needs to evaluate the performance
of the property.
Topic: One commenter asked under what conditions, or with what
justification, would the Agency authorize borrowers to be paid their
return on investment, while at the same time their project is
experiencing a negative cash flow. The commenter asked if these
criteria are published to ensure their consistent use. Several
commenters suggested that the borrower be prohibited from taking a
return on investment from the project's reserve account.
Response: The Agency wishes to clarify this issue. The Agency may
authorize that a return be paid to an owner when the property has a
negative cash flow under very limited circumstances, as described in
Sec. 3560.305(a)(2) of the interim final rule--when surplus cash
exists in the reserve account and the property has sufficient funds to
address its capital needs. The Agency policy remains the same and the
borrower is permitted, with Agency approval, to withdraw ROI from
surplus cash in the reserve account. The Agency did not adopt the
suggestion that the borrower be prohibited from taking a return on
investment from the reserve account because taking this return has no
adverse effect on the project.
Topic: One commenter said that the reference in Sec.
3560.305(a)(2)(i) to Sec. 3560.306(d)(2) should read Sec.
3560.306(d)(1).
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter and has revised the
reference in the interim final rule.
Topic: Regarding budget reviews and approvals, a substantial number
of commenters decried the Agency's decision to have the budget
submission date for borrowers requesting rent increases be 105 days
before the end of the project's fiscal year. Commenters explained that
this timeframe would require borrowers to prepare budget information so
early in the project's fiscal year that they would have inadequate
data--such as projected property taxes--to estimate the upcoming year's
cost. Another commenter expressed approval of the proposed timeline.
Another commenter said that the Agency should allow for rent increases
on days other than the first day of the fiscal year because many
management companies recertify all residents on a specific annual day.
If that day is February 1, having a rent increase January 1 will
require managing agents to implement a rent increase January 1 and then
revise the rent on February 1, doubling the workload. In addition, the
commenter said that this will require Agency staff to update their
records twice, increasing their workload. The commenter believed that
allowing rent increases on days other than the first day of the fiscal
year will decrease workloads and allow rent increase reviews to occur
over a period of months. However, several Agency commenters said that
the timeframe proposed for reviewing budgets with and without rent
increases was a welcome addition.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and has revised
Sec. 3560.303(d) of the interim final rule to reflect the previous
deadline for budget submissions of 90 days before the end of the
project's fiscal year for a project for which a rent increase is being
requested and of 60 days before the end of the project's fiscal year
for a project for which a rent increase is not being requested. The
Agency's streamlined budget processing also makes it possible for
budgets to be reviewed on a more timely basis. The Agency wishes to
note that there is nothing in the regulation that prohibits a borrower
from submitting a rent increase request that will go into effect on a
date other than on the first of the year. Further, Sec. 3560.205 of
the interim final rule allows requests for rent or utility allowance
changes any time during the year if necessary to preserve the financial
integrity of the housing complex and the circumstances are due to
factors beyond the borrower's control.
Topic: Another commenter said that the Agency's new expedited
review will free up Agency resources, which are stressed when all
budgets come in at the same time, and will eliminate owners' having to
operate their projects without approved budgets because of long waits
for Agency approval. However, another commenter stated that the Agency
has too many budgets to review at one time.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for this concurrence. The
Agency is working to improve its management information systems to help
expedite budget reviews, thereby enabling it to complete this task on
time.
Topic: One commenter said that the proposed rule does not specify
any thresholds and refers to budgets with ``no rent increase.''
Response: The Agency wishes to clarify this issue. ``No rent
increase'' means that the borrower did not request a rent increase with
the submitted budget package. Thresholds are addressed in Sec.
3560.303(d) of the interim final rule, which describes budgets and rent
increases for which Agency approval is required.
Topic: One commenter said that the proposal to use thresholds when
reviewing annual budgets seems good; however, there needs to be a way
for the public to comment on the thresholds used.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment; however, the
thresholds are an internal program standard used to determine the level
of Agency review. The thresholds are not part of the criteria used to
determine whether the budget can be approved. Because the thresholds
are part of internal program procedures, there is no obligation to
allow public comment. The Agency does want to note that the public can
easily find out the thresholds being used by obtaining the relevant
Agency guidance about program procedures, which is readily available
via the Internet or Agency Offices. Further, the Agency wants to
emphasize that the criteria that borrowers must meet are provided in
Sec. 3560.303(a) of the interim final rule.
Topic: Several commenters said that the proposed rule should
include the information contained in the current 7 CFR part 1930,
subpart C, exhibit C whereby a budget is considered approved if the
Agency approval official does not act on the request within 30 days.
The commenters believed that this should include any budget, regardless
if a rent change is requested.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concern. Language
was added to Sec. 3560.303(d)(3)(ii) of the interim final rule to
address budgets and automatic rent change procedures.
Topic: The Agency also received comments on the disposition of
interest earned on the project's reserve account. Several commenters
stated that letting the borrower retain 25 percent of the interest
earned on reserve accounts helps offset taxes paid on phantom income. A
few commenters felt that borrowers were not entitled to this benefit.
Another commenter said that the criteria for Agency approval under
Sec. 3560.306(i) should be (1) A statement from a CPA in an audit or
compilation regarding the amount of interest on reserves, and (2) a
request to release 25 percent of that interest amount. The commenter
said that this should not be calculated as return to owner; instead,
this will mostly compensate owners for the tax burden from interest
income as a return to owner. Someone commented that borrowers or
management companies do not put the reserve account on higher yielding
interest rate accounts because they do not get to keep the interest;
there is no business
[[Page 69075]]
incentive. Further, to obtain higher interest yields, this commenter
said that long-term commitments are required, and borrowers and agents
may be afraid to have funds locked at a time when they may need the
money for an emergency. Another commenter said that the proposed rule
needs to limit the withdrawal of 25 percent of interest earned on
reserve accounts to borrowers that deposit project funds in high
interest-bearing accounts; at best, this is a break-even deal for the
borrower, which is not a good incentive. Another commenter said that
the annual return should equal 35 percent of the interest earned on
reserve accounts, because 25 percent is not sufficient to compensate
borrowers. Still, another said that the borrower should receive 100
percent of the interest earned on this account. One of the commenters
concurs with the basic principle of the rule change to allow borrower's
to keep up to 25 percent of the interest earned on reserve accounts,
provided that the use of reserve fund interest to pay borrowers a
return on investment (Sec. 3560.306(i)(2)(ii)) is conditioned on the
deposits to the maintenance reserve account being on schedule. However,
the commenter is opposed to any concession to limited profit owners
that might result in underfunding the maintenance reserve.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' concerns. The
Agency will not consider the 25 percent of interest income as part of
the return to owner. The Agency believes the 25 percent figure, as
opposed to 35 percent or 100 percent, is a reasonable amount. The
Agency will monitor this new policy and determine if any change is
necessary. The Agency has attempted to provide borrowers with
investment options so they are less limited by the size of the reserve
account that may be invested. This policy allows borrowers to receive
an amount to offset the effect of phantom income taxes. Borrowers are
entitled to this amount if interest is earned on the reserve account.
It is not dependent upon compliance with the reserve account funding
schedule. Borrowers are encouraged to maximize their interest return as
long as they remain in alignment with this rule.
Topic: One commenter said that Sec. 3560.306(d)(2) of the proposed
rule states that the borrower may need to deposit surplus general
operating account funds into the reserve account ``if the reserve
account is not fully funded,'' but could not find a definition for
``fully funded.'' Another commenter stated that borrowers should make
required deposits until the reserve is fully funded.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' questions and has
revised Sec. 3560.306(d)(2) of the interim final rule to state that
the borrower will be required to deposit surplus general operating
funds into the reserve account. This does not change the borrower's
required contribution to the reserve account. This is because scheduled
contributions are required until the account is fully funded as stated
in the loan agreement.
Topic: With respect to Sec. 3560.306(h)(3), one commenter said
that the paragraph should read that borrowers may make an annual
withdrawal from the reserve account equal to no more than 25 percent of
the interest earned on a reserve account during the prior year, rather
than on amounts earned. The commenter believed that this paragraph
should state that interest income earned does not include any increased
equity in the value of any reserve securities. Another commenter
praised the new rule because it requires borrowers to record the price
actually paid for securities when reserves are involved. The commenter
said that this will help the Agency determine whether accounts have
lost money and will also help determine that 25 percent of earnings to
be released to the owner for taxes.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the first commenter's concern and
has revised Sec. 3560.306(h)(3) to read that borrowers may withdraw 25
percent of the interest earned on a reserve account during the prior
year. The Agency believes this clarifies its position sufficiently. The
Agency appreciates the second commenter's support of its position.
Topic: One commenter said that borrowers should not be able to take
25 percent of the earned interest out of the reserve account because
interest earned is not phantom income; the interest is income earned on
an asset, thus increasing the asset. The commenter continued that the
value of the asset is higher because the interest is left with the
property, and that there is already a problem with the reserve accounts
not being adequate to cover needed capital improvements. Another
commenter said that 25 percent of the interest earned only be given to
the owner if the actual annual deposit to the account exceeds this
amount.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' position but does
not agree that the disposition of the interest earned on the reserve
account should be limited per the commenters' suggestions. The Agency
understands that paying taxes on phantom income is a disincentive for
staying in the program and that allowing borrowers to receive a portion
of the interest income earned on the reserve accounts helps to mitigate
this disincentive. The Agency expects that 100 percent of the interest
earned on the account will be deposited to the account. Twenty-five
percent of that amount is available for withdrawal. The Agency will
monitor this new policy and determine if any change is necessary.
Topic: Regarding allowable project expenses, several commenters
stated that costs incurred in connection with alleged civil rights
abuses by the borrower should be allowable project expenses if the
borrower is not guilty. Other commenters said that the language in
Sec. 3560.303(b)(2)(v) is overly restrictive because if a judge
overturned a management agent's eviction action, it would be for a
violation of some portion of landlord--tenant law. The commenter said
that regardless of how minor or insignificant the violation is, this
would prevent the owner from billing the legitimate legal fees to the
project; if owners end up paying for such legal fees, they will be less
likely to pursue such actions, which might have a detrimental effect on
other tenants.
Response: While the Agency takes civil rights abuses very
seriously, it acknowledges that the borrower should not be required to
pay for costs associated with frivolous lawsuits. Section
3560.303(b)(2)(v) has been revised to remove the term evictions and now
states only that borrowers must pay for fines, penalties, and legal
fees when they are found guilty of civil rights or other violations.
Topic: One commenter said that the proposed rule states that
authorized purposes for project funds are described in the rule, but
felt that Sec. 3560.303(b) is not specific enough.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's concern.
Allowable and unallowable project expenses are discussed in greater
detail at Sec. 3560.303(b) of the interim final rule.
Topic: Several comments were received on project payment for tenant
services. One commenter said that the proposed rule should spell out
the limits on how much project funds can be budgeted for tenant
services. Another commenter suggested adding a section to the rule that
allows a project controlled by a nonprofit corporation or public body
to utilize operating revenues to pay for tenant services that enhance
the tenant's quality of life. An additional commenter said that the
value of tenant services in creating a healthy community is recognized
by the MFH industry and that the Agency
[[Page 69076]]
encourages these services but does not allow them to be paid for from
operating costs. A commenter said that HUD's project reengineering
program allows tenant services to be paid for by project operating
funds and that nonprofit organizations should be allowed to expense
tenant services that enhance the tenant's quality of life (e.g.,
computer rooms, afterschool programs, etc.).
Response: The Agency has considered the comments but has decided to
retain the language from the proposed rule at this time until it has
time to further evaluate this issue.
Topic: One commenter noted that Sec. 3560.302(c)(5)(iii) should
state that uses of funds for nonprogram purposes does constitute a non-
monetary default, not that it ``may'' constitute a non-monetary
default.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for highlighting this
issue and has made this change in the interim final rule.
Topic: The Agency received several comments on asset management
fees. One commenter said that the proposed rule does not provide a
definition for asset management fee. The commenter suggested that to
facilitate the acquisition of Rural Development housing by nonprofit
organizations, a reasonable and customary asset management fee be
established; additionally, payment of asset management fees is
inconsistent throughout the country. Another commenter asked the Agency
to clarify that nonprofit organizations can obtain asset management
fees consistent with current practice. However, one commenter strongly
disagreed with allowing an asset management fee for nonprofit
organizations. Another commenter said that the Agency should allow
asset management fees as an allowable project expense as required by
third-party entities, in conjunction with grants, loans, or equity.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns. The
Agency is not adopting a definition of ``asset management fees'' nor
setting a ``reasonable and customary management fee'' because it feels
this concept is sufficiently delineated in the provisions of this rule.
The Agency allows nonprofit organizations to use housing project funds
as asset management expenses directly attributable to ownership
responsibilities. Section 3560.303(b)(1)(ii) of the interim final rule
delineates the purposes of the asset management fee, which are
reasonable and customary costs incurred by nonprofit organizations.
While the Agency acknowledges commenter's disagreement, it also
recognizes that small nonprofit organizations often cannot afford to
cover the time to perform property oversight functions or errors and
omission insurance, and this oversight and coverage is important to
ensuring the viability of the property.
Topic: Several commenters stated that supervised bank accounts are
too cumbersome. Some of these commenters also stated that certain banks
would no longer accept responsibility for dual signature accounts.
Several individuals thought that the Agency micromanages reserve
accounts because the borrower must submit a request for withdrawal of
reserves to the local USDA office for review and approval with
supporting documentation for eligible replacement items or residual
receipts. Another commenter said that HUD and other affordable housing
funders allow borrowers to operate their reserve accounts as legitimate
needs dictate. Another commenter recommended that borrowers should be
given more control over management of the reserve accounts, with USDA
reviewing and verifying the accounts on a semiannual or annual basis.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns. The
Agency has determined that these requirements are necessary to enable
RHS to meet its fiduciary responsibility to ensure that these funds are
used for the purposes for which they were intended. The Agency does
recognize, however, that technological and other changes may require
different techniques to ensure the Agency's security. The Agency will
review possible acceptable alternatives for the dual signature
requirement. The Agency does not believe that (1) it micromanages
reserve or operating accounts, (2) the requirements it imposes are
unreasonable or cumbersome, and (3) that it can give borrowers more
control over the management of the reserve accounts * * *
Topic: One commenter noted that the postapproval requirement
contained in Sec. 3560.306(h)(5) should be discretionary with the
Agency, but ``extraordinary circumstances'' should be revised to
accommodate emergencies where prior approval is not practical and where
there are delays in Servicing Office approvals.
Response: The Agency has revised the regulation at Sec.
3560.306(g) to respond to emergency situations and will include further
direction in internal Agency procedures. The Agency wants to emphasize
that it has a fiduciary responsibility to ensure that these funds are
used for the purpose for which they were intended.
Topic: Several comments were received on pre- and postapprovals of
project reserve funds. One commenter said that to require preapproval
of all expenditures from reserve accounts in unnecessarily burdensome;
current practices at both HUD and many State housing agencies allow for
postreporting in many instances--for instance, below a certain
threshold dollar amount. The commenter recommended that the Agency
modify this requirement to allow for postreporting of expenditures when
the dollar amount is budgeted or when the amount is less than $10,000.
Conversely, another commenter said that a bad precedent will be set if
the Agency begins to post-approve withdrawals from the reserve account
based on the funds' being used for authorized purposes and having been
approved by the Agency anyway, even if the proposed rule says that
these will be approved only under ``extraordinary circumstances.''
Response: The Agency has revised Sec. 3560.306(g) of the interim
final rule to state that borrowers must inform the Agency of planned
withdrawals when the project's budget is prepared. The Agency has not
adopted a threshold requirement because the Agency feels it needs to
evaluate program use and categorization of reserve accounts and due to
the extensive problems the Agency has had with reserve accounts. In
addition, the Agency has deleted from the interim final rule the
statement in Sec. 3560.306(g)(5) that it may postapprove the use of
reserve funds only under extraordinary circumstances.
Topic: Numerous comments were received on Sec. 3560.306 regarding
the required deposits to the project's reserve accounts. The comments
were similar to those described in the comments to subpart B.
Response: For the Agency's response, please refer to the discussion
in the comments to subpart B.
Topic: Several commenters said that the proposed rule states that
the required deposit amount will be an amount needed to maintain the
property. They said that the methods of determining the amount need to
be described in the program handbooks, or everyone will deposit the
current 10 percent of the loan amount. The Office of Rural and
Farmworker Housing agrees that maintenance reserve requirements should
be revised (Sec. Sec. 3560.65 and 3560.306). They said that history
seems to indicate that the current one percent per year required
contribution is insufficient; for the Agency to continue using one
percent as a base would seem to invite the problems of the past, as
some say this
[[Page 69077]]
amount is too high and some say it is too low. One commenter believed
that the correct approach would be flexible and tied to the new
requirement for including life-cycle cost analysis in the design and
specifications of the proposed project (Sec. 3560.60(c)) and suggested
that there should be two bases for funding the reserve accounts:
One percent per year for 15 years for projects using
materials with longer lives, such as brick siding and long-life heating
equipment. During year 15, future maintenance needs would be calculated
and the reserve conditions changed up or down as appropriate. In some
cases, excess reserves should be returned to the owner as appropriate.
One-and-a-half percent per year for 10 years for projects
using average designs and specifications, with reevaluation performed
during or after year 10.
Response: RHS has decided to publish an interim final rule that
does not include Sec. 3560.103(c)(3) and Sec. 3560.306(k)(1) of the
proposed rule, until their impacts can be assessed and policy decisions
can be made for a long-term strategy. For the interim final rule, the
Agency incorporated the relevant language from the existing regulation
(7 CFR part 1930, subpart C).
Topic: Several commenters said that while increasing maintenance
reserves will increase rents and therefore rental assistance costs in
the short term, these increases should be balanced by smaller increases
in the long run. They thought that the potential for deferred
maintenance is more critical than the need for additional rental
assistance with respect to the program's long-term success and its
ability to serve the lowest-income rural residents.
Response: The Agency is in the process of evaluating the capital
needs of the properties in the portfolio. However, over half of the
residents in Agency-financed properties receive rental assistance; more
than 93 percent of our residents are very low income and earn less than
$10,000 a year. Rental assistance will continue to be a very important
component in the long-term success of the RHS MFH programs.
Topic: One commenter said that the proposed rule reads as if future
reserve requirements would be imposed on existing projects, which may
require an agreed upon change to the loan agreement by the owners.
Regardless, this commenter thought that this is only possible if the
Agency increased rental assistance and allows liberal rent increases.
While the commenter wanted to see well-capitalized properties,
additional reserves simply cannot be expected without more income being
provided to the projects.
Response: The Agency refers the commenter to the response for the
two preceding topics.
Topic: One commenter asked the Agency to allow borrowers the
flexibility to deposit funds irregularly over the course of the year,
as long as they achieve the required annual deposit.
Response: The Agency agrees with the commenter's suggestion and has
revised Sec. 3560.306(c) of the interim final rule to address this
comment and it is based on the language in the loan agreement as to the
timing of deposits into the reserve account.
Topic: The Agency received a number of comments on the requirements
for disposition of surplus operating funds and excess reserve account
funds. Several commenters stated that excess reserve funds should be
transferred to the property's operating account. Other commenters
contended that borrowers should be allowed maximum flexibility in using
surplus funds for the benefit of the project and that the borrower
should be able to use excess reserves to make repairs and capital
improvements and cover unexpected costs or unanticipated cost
increases--in other words, for any project purpose when needed or to
pay the return on investment. They thought that this language makes use
of the excess reserves more restrictive than the use of reserves.
Several commenters said that when a determination of surplus funds is
made, it should take into account the upcoming year's budget of the
project. One commenter said with regard to Sec. 3560.306(d)(2) that
rather than saying that if the housing project's general operating
account has surplus funds at the end of the project's fiscal year, the
Agency may require the borrower to use the funds to address the
project's capital needs, with the word ``may'' being replaced with the
word ``will.''
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and has made
several modifications to Sec. 3560.306(d) in the interim final rule.
These modifications should add flexibility to the requirements for
transferring excess operating funds to the reserve account and
determining whether the borrower is entitled to take a return on
investment. The Agency has also revised Sec. 3560.306(d)(2) in the
interim final rule to read that the Agency will require the use of
surplus operating funds to address the project's capital needs. Excess
funds should be deposited to the reserve account because so doing: (1)
Maintains Agency control and oversight; and (2) ensures these funds are
readily available for capital expenses and emergency needs. Use of
surplus reserves is outlined in Sec. 3560.306(k), all for the benefit
of the project. Internal Agency procedures require evaluation of the
upcoming project budget with reviewing surplus reserves.
Topic: A commenter asked if the priorities for using excess reserve
funds shown in Sec. 3560.306(l) are in order of importance.
Response: The Agency wishes to clarify this issue and has modified
Sec. 3560.306(k) of the interim final rule to read: ``Amounts in the
reserve account which exceed the total required by the loan or grant
agreement must be used, at the direction of the Agency, for any of the
following.''
Topic: Several commenters stated that under Sec. 3560.306(d)(1),
the Agency seeks to keep excess funds to a maximum of 10 percent of the
budget, which causes many properties to operate more thinly than is
recommended and puts a property at financial risk to the normal
vagaries of operations. They thought that prudent industry servicing
should permit several months of funds to accumulate.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for their suggestions
and has revised the interim final rule to state that the general
operating account will be considered to contain surplus funds when the
balance at the end of the project's fiscal year exceeds 20 percent of
the budget. This can be found at Sec. 3560.306(d)(1) of the interim
final rule.
Topic: With regard to the requirements of initial operating
capital, the Agency received a substantial number of comments. Comments
received were similar to those described in the comments to subpart B.
Several commenters said that the rule allows the developer to take the
initial operating capital in more than one withdrawal within the 2- to
13-year period after a property is built, which decreases the
developer's incentive to have a successful project as soon as possible.
To these commenters, it appeared that there may be conflicting
information as the summary indicates 2 to 7 years, while Sec.
3560.304(c)(2) allows the developer 2 to 13 years to take the initial
operating capital. Some commenters approved of this timeframe; some
thought it was too short, and some thought it was too long.
Response: There was an error in the proposed rule and it should
have stated that the developer may take the initial operating capital
in more than one withdrawal in years 2 through 7, with
[[Page 69078]]
Agency approval. This can be found at Sec. 3560.304 of the interim
final rule.
Topic: Some commenters expressed skepticism regarding the benefits
of this proposed rule change. One commenter questioned if there is an
element of the borrower's desire to max out profit. The commenter went
on to say that in today's market, owners are receiving an eight percent
rate of return on their investment in their property, while the best
any bank will do is a two or three percent.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns but
believes that the proposed rule change is more equitable to borrowers.
Therefore, the Agency has not revised its regulatory language in the
interim final rule.
Topic: Several comments were received on the Agency's requirements
for project bank accounts. Most of these comments contended that the
regulation should be permissive enough to allow for establishing
accounts required by other funding sources, over and above the four
that RHS requires. Another commenter said that Sec. 3560.302(c)(5)(v)
should be reworded to clarify whether commingling of accounts is
acceptable between projects owned by the same borrower, or project
owned by different borrowers but operated by the same entity. Another
commenter said that the proposed rule states in Sec. 3560.302(d)(1)
and (d)(2) that the borrower may combine two or more housing project
accounts, and in (d)(3) it says that they cannot if they are managed by
the same management company. One commenter asked whether nonprofit
organizations could have all program funds through one account as long
as they are tracked separately for each program; if this is the case,
the commenter wanted to see separate operating and maintenance accounts
for the housing program, along with separate reserve accounts for each
project.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns. Section
3560.302(c)(3) in the interim final rule identifies permitted accounts,
including account required by third-party lenders. The Agency has also
revised Sec. 3560.302(c)(5)(v) in the interim final rule to state that
borrowers, including nonprofits, may operate one account for multiple
projects as long the funds for each project are accounted for
separately. Management companies may not commingle funds for multiple
properties. This can be found at Sec. 3560.302(d)(3).
Topic: Several commenters believed that the collateral requirements
for project accounts are too restrictive. One commenter said that the
Agency's proposal to use the cash in reserve accounts as security for
the Agency's loan does not address the issue of multiple lenders on
projects. The individual thought that this requirement should be
amended to address the mechanism to be used when multiple lenders,
including the Agency, require this type of security. Some additional
commenters expressed concern that the proposed rule does not address
circumstances when borrowers have not adequately collateralized
accounts that exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
insurance limit of $100,000. Other commenters noted that the proposed
rule continues and expands 7 CFR 1902.4(a)(5) to require collateral
pledges for not just reserve accounts, but for all project accounts.
They stated that this is a cumbersome, time-consuming, and an
unnecessary requirement. They favored simply continuing 7 CFR
1902.4(a)(5), which allows more flexibility because a collateral pledge
only applies to reserve accounts, and even then a collateral pledge is
not required if the financial institution has its accounts insured
against theft and dishonesty. The commenter believed that the
requirement for collateral pledges should be removed.
Response: The Agency notes the commenters' concerns. The Agency
feels that security issues involving multiple lenders should be handled
on a case by case basis. Regarding the comment concerning inadequate
collateralization, the Agency makes an independent assessment of
collateralization. If the Agency were to determine that the accounts
were inadequately collateralized, then it would treat this as a non-
monetary default. The Agency does not believe the collateral
requirements are too restrictive. An alternative to collateral pledges
are multiple accounts under $100,000. Regarding the comment that
collateral pledges now apply to all project accounts: that has always
been the case. No change was made in this rule and the Agency continues
to believe it is necessary to have these accounts pledged to support
the loan. The identified collateral requirements establish a minimum
threshold for protecting the Government's financial interest.
Topic: The Agency received several comments on this subpart related
to life-cycle cost analyses. Comments received were similar to those
described in the comments to subpart B.
Response: For the Agency's response, please refer to this
discussion in the comments for subpart B.
Topic: One commenter expressed concern that little is stated in the
proposed rule concerning vacancies when preparing project budgets.
Another commenter said, however, that the vacancy rate should be capped
at 10 percent for properties with 15 or fewer units. Vacancies for
properties with more than 15 units should have a maximum vacancy rate
of 15 percent. Another commenter said that vacancies should be
realistic given the project's history, but history is not defined.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for their observations.
The methods for budgeting vacancy rates vary depending on each
project's occupancy history and cannot be capped or based on number of
units in the property. The Agency will provide additional details in
its program procedures.
Topic: One commenter said that, as an alternative to management
fees, the regulation should allow an administrative fee, possibly as a
state's option. For example, in Mississippi, the management company is
paid an all encompassing administrative fee that is intended to cover
salary, paperwork, postage, etc., with the exception of training and
auditing. The commenter noted that other states also use this system,
and in all cases the reduction in micromanagement results in a much
smoother cooperation between management companies and Agency personnel.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for this observation. The
Agency understands the utility of having the property pay for a
specific bundle of services for management and/or administrative
services. The Agency describes this bundle of services in Sec.
3560.102 (i)(3) of the interim final rule. However, the Agency cannot
adopt this comment because it wants a nationwide, consistent fee
structure through the management fee process rather than individual
``state options'' of administrative fees.
Topic: One commenter said that there must be ways for management
companies to do a better job at being more frugal with their project
budgets. Another commenter said that audits are reviewed on a first-
come, first-served basis; there are so many to review in a short period
of time in addition to other work demands. The commenter felt that
there are opportunities for management companies to improve on their
financial management during the year to avoid issues and questions
during auditing times, as well as for auditors to provide clearer
explanations on sources of expenditures or findings.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for sharing these
concerns. The Agency designed the interim final
[[Page 69079]]
rule to provide guidelines to ensure that borrowers manage their
properties as effectively and efficiently as possible.
Topic: One commenter said that if a borrower chooses to advance
funds to properties to meet short-term needs, then the Agency should
accommodate repayment. The commenter believed that the limited return
limits the ability to repay advances even if funds are later available,
and that RHS should allow owners a priority repayment to encourage
advances to protect operations.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment. The Agency has
modified the regulation and allows repayment of such advances to
projects to meet short-term needs, but prior Agency approval is
required. This can be found at Sec. 3560.307 of the interim final
rule.
Topic: With regard to the borrower's financial management of
Agency-financed multi-family housing, one commenter said that adequate
documentation must be defined so it is objective, not subjective. This
individual believed that adequate documentation should mean supporting
documentation such as invoices, general ledger receipts, or other
readily available information to support the books and records.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenter for this observation.
Section 3560.302 of the interim final rule sets forth the Agency's
basic requirements for project accounting, bookkeeping, budgeting, and
financial management systems. ``Adequate'' or ``supporting''
documentation is any documentation required to substantiate the books,
records and accounting systems.
Topic: One commenter noted that the requirement to notify tenants
of rent increases should be compatible with State and local laws, and
that there is no need for longer notification periods. Another
commenter mirrored this concern and said that a 105-day notification
period is too long, especially as rent increases would not be approved
unless they were necessary and justified. The commenter believed that
the current requirement for 60 days should be continued subject to
State law.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' concerns. As
stated previously, the Agency has revised the budget submission
timeline so that the process in the interim final rule is similar to
that of the existing budget submission/tenant notification timeline. By
revising some target dates, the Agency gives the tenant 90-day
notification of the impending rent increase. Generally, State laws
require a shorter timeframe for notification to tenants, so the 90-day
period should provide adequate notice.
Topic: Several commenters said that, in principle, they agree with
the Agency's requirement to tie reserve for replacement deposit amounts
to capital needs assessments, but that this policy could be used by
borrowers to inflate project rents.
Response: RHS has decided to publish an interim final rule that
does not include Sec. 3560.103(c)(3) and Sec. 3560.306(k)(1) of the
proposed rule, until their impacts can be assessed and policy decisions
can be made for a long-term strategy. For the interim final rule, the
Agency incorporated the relevant language from the existing regulation
(7 CFR part 1930, subpart C).
Topic: Several commenters noted that the Agency is not always in
the senior debt position and that any senior debt needs to be reflected
as a priority over Agency debt; since the Agency is allowing
conventional loans to be in the senior debt position, this needs to be
reflected throughout the regulations as necessary. Another commenter
said that this is critical if the Agency wishes to continue leveraging
other sources of debt, which is necessary given low program funding
levels.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' concerns and has
revised in the interim final rule Sec. 3560.303. This paragraph states
that the first priority of planned and actual budget expenditures is
the senior position lienholder, if any.
Topic: One commenter said that the proposed rule should explain the
appeal rights available to the borrower if the borrower's proposed
budget is rejected.
Response: While the Agency acknowledges the commenter's concern,
the borrower's appeal rights are covered in Sec. 3560.9 of the interim
final rule and in greater detail in 7 CFR part 11.
Topic: Several commenters noted that some of the regulatory
citations were incorrect:
In Sec. 3560.306(f), the section references should be
Sec. 3560.65 and Sec. 3560.302(c)(5). Section 3560.305(f) should be
changed to Sec. 3560.306(f).
Section 3560.306(m) references Sec. Sec. 3560.102(c),
(d), and (i). The correct references appear to refer to Sec. Sec.
3560.102(g), (j), and (k).
Section 3560.306(f) regarding funds invested in securities
should refer to Sec. 3560.306(g) instead of Sec. 3560.305(f).
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for their suggestions
and has made these changes to the interim final rule.
Topic: One commenter said that Sec. 3560.306 of the proposed rule
needed ``grammatic cleanup'' and has ``many long, run-together
thoughts.''
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's concern and has
substantially revised Sec. 3560.306 in the interim final rule to be
much clearer and more concise.
Topic: There were several comments about the Agency's proposed
guidelines for investing reserve for replacement funds. Two commenters
said that the proposed rule establishes very narrow guidelines for
investing reserve funds--State- and Federal-backed securities and AAA-
rated tax-exempt bonds. They thought that this latitude should be
expanded to include investment funds commonly used by State and local
Governmental organizations. For instance in California, housing
authorities and public bodies routinely place funds in the Local Agency
Investment Fund (LAIF). The commenters felt that such prudent State-
sponsored investment funds should be allowable investments. In West
Virginia, the monitoring and maintenance of investments necessitate
significant staff time; significant losses have occurred in West
Virginia when CDs have been pledged as security for nonproject loans.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' concerns and has
revised Sec. 3560.306(f) in the interim final rule to allow for more
flexibility in the investment of reserve funds but still requires
reserves to be held at a Federally insured domestic institution. This
policy ensures that the Agency maintains its fiduciary
responsibilities.
Subpart H--Agency Monitoring
Topic: One commenter asked that the Agency revise the regulatory
language in Sec. 3560.352(c)(3) and in Sec. 3560.352(b)(4) to remove
``the Fair Housing Amendments Act of 1988'' because this language is
redundant with language earlier in the paragraph.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment and has revised the
regulatory language in both Sec. 3560.352(c)(3) and Sec.
3560.352(b)(4) to incorporate this suggestion.
Topic: Several comments were received regarding the Agency's
monitoring techniques and borrower responsibilities. Commenters
suggested including information related to inspections, supervisory
visits, triannual supervisory visits, and compliance reviews in the
final rule. One commenter expressed concern that the proposed rule did
not describe how often onsite monitoring reviews would be performed nor
the specific review procedures. However, another commenter expressed
appreciation that the Agency did specify the frequency of monitoring
activities in the proposed
[[Page 69080]]
rule because it gives the Agency the flexibility to ``focus on the most
important tasks and problem cases.''
Response: The Agency purposefully did not include the specific
procedures in the interim final rule's regulatory language, as was
suggested by the commenters, in order to retain regulatory flexibility.
However, the Agency describes its monitoring activities (e.g., timing
of monitoring activities, items examined during monitoring activities)
in its internal Agency procedures, which have been updated in
conjunction with the issuance of the interim final rule.
Topic: Several commenters were concerned about the policy of
scheduling onsite monitoring reviews without giving the borrower prior
notice and whether the Agency has the right to enter private property
without providing notice to property owners. The commenters requested
some assurance for borrowers that tenant-landlord law will be followed.
One commenter noted that onsite visits without notice could subject
owners to greater insurance liability claims, and requested that
borrowers ``receive protection, financial and otherwise, from the
Agency for any claims from tenants regarding a violation of their
privacy rights based on the actions of Agency staff.'' Another
commenter suggested that staff seeking access for an Agency review
should have some standard of notice as any unit inspection must comply
with local tenant-landlord law to not disrupt either property
operations or residents' homes.
Response: The Agency recognizes the commenters' concerns. The
proposed rule specifies: ``Generally, the Agency will provide the
borrower prior notice of an onsite monitoring review * * *.'' In the
interim final rule, the Agency has retained the authority to conduct
onsite reviews without prior notice because RHS needs the flexibility
to conduct these reviews in cases where it is not feasible to reach the
borrower or give the borrower prior notice. The Agency has no interest
in causing the borrower or the tenants any discomfort about the
inspection process. We respect the tenant's rights to privacy and the
landlord's responsibility to manage the property without interference
from the Agency. However, there may be isolated instances in which the
Agency needs to inspect the property or a unit as part of an emergency
to protect the health and safety of the resident population and
therefore the Agency reserves this right.
Subpart I--Servicing
Topic: One commenter indicated that the proposed rule gives almost
no attention to the problems associated with a significantly reduced
Agency budget. The commenter also stated that the proposed rule does
not adequately take into account the extent of leveraging of funds that
currently occurs in the program and that has increased substantially in
recent years. The commenter believed that the Agency's policies tend to
reflect the same perspective as when the Agency provided 100 percent of
the funding. The commenter recommended that the regulation's servicing
requirements be relaxed or waived when other funding sources are
participating in a project.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's concern. However,
the Agency wants to emphasize that it has made a number of changes in
both its requirements and procedures for flexibility when multiple
funding sources are involved in a project. There has been language
added to Sec. 3560.406 of the interim final rule that acknowledges the
use of third-party loans and the ability to subordinate Agency loans. A
change in internal Agency procedures is allowing the Agency to use
appraisal reports and capital need assessments (CNA) from other funding
sources provided the appraisal and ``CNA'' meet the guidelines as
established by the Agency. The combination of these actions will reduce
the duplication of work needed to finance these deals and expedite the
current time frames.
Topic: Several comments were received on Sec. 3560.405 and its
requirement for borrowers to certify annually that there has been no
change to the ownership entity. Commenters said that reporting
organizational changes to the Agency would be unduly burdensome. Others
were opposed to having proposed organizational changes approved by the
Agency.
Response: The Agency does not require annual reporting but does
require annual certification by the borrower. Only changes in the
organizational structure need to be reported. Further, Agency approval
is only required prior to a change in the controlling interest of the
ownership entity. This responsibility is already a requirement under
existing regulations, and these requirements provide the Agency with
information that is fundamental to RHS in maintaining borrower
accountability and ensuring compliance. For this reason, the Agency has
made no change to this requirement in the interim final rule.
Topic: Regarding Sec. 3560.405(a)(2), the commenters requested
clarification to the definition of ``substantial influence.'' To
illustrate potential points of confusion, a commenter asked whether a
limited partner with limited control rights that buys a 99 percent
ownership interest or an instance of upper-tier syndicated ownership,
such as the general partner of the 99 percent limited partner of the
ownership entity, would be seen to exercise substantial influence. In
both instances, the commenter believed that such entities may not exert
substantial influence and asked that the Agency clarify this term.
Another commenter asked whether the paragraph indicated that a
management company had a controlling interest.
Response: The Agency has removed this paragraph. The guidance of
the phrase ``controlling interest'' in Sec. 3560.405(a) should be
sufficient to describe a general partner in a limited partnership
entity, rather than non-controlling limited partners or management
agents.
Topic: One commenter addressed the Agency's limited recourse when a
borrower makes a change in ownership or transfer of ownership interest
without Agency consent as outlined in Sec. 3560.406(b). The commenter
advised that when a borrower makes a change in organizational structure
or transfers a title without Agency consent, the Agency should have the
power to subject the project to restrictive-use provisions; moreover,
if the new ownership entity or transferee will not execute a
restrictive-use agreement, then the Agency should take steps to
judicially impose such restrictions on the project.
Response: Failure to obtain Agency approval for a change in
ownership or transfer of ownership interest is considered a default and
handled in accordance with subpart J of the regulation. Subpart J of
the regulation covers Special Servicing, Enforcement, Liquidation and
Other Actions. A noncompliance issue of this nature could constitute
the initiation of the liquidation process, or lesser penalties such as
subjecting the borrower to civil money penalties provided in the new
regulations. The imposition of a restrictive-use agreement does not
deter someone from conducting this type of activity without prior
approval. An action of this nature must be handled in accordance with
the section of the interim final rule that imposes actions against
owners who undertake actions without prior Agency approval.
Topic: The Agency received a comment recommending a change to the
proposed rule allowing an exception to the processing limitations
contained in Sec. 3560.406(b)(2) for partners that were not present
during a default or recent
[[Page 69081]]
substitution of partners approved by Rural Development.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's concern but the
reference citation provided refers to ``Ownership transfers or sales
with an assumption of debt at an amount less than the borrower's debt
amount will only be approved by the Agency when all persons in the
borrower entity who are transferring their ownership interest or are
involved in the selling of the property are not part of the transferee
organization''. The citation does not reference the presence of members
during a default or recent substitution of partners.
Topic: Numerous comments were received asking the Agency to
streamline its property transfer process. These comments included
suggestions that there should be expedited processing of those
transfers where purchasers seek to preserve affordable housing or
rescue troubled properties. Several commenters said that to expedite
the transfer process, environmental reviews should not be required when
existing security property is being transferred.
Response: The Agency agrees with the intent behind many of the
comments. The Agency is implementing procedural steps to streamline the
transfer process. While the Agency acknowledges the commenters' concern
about requiring an environmental review for all properties being sold,
it has made no change because such a review is an established
requirement of 7 CFR part 1940, subpart G.
Topic: Comments received by the Agency advocate for a firm time
limit for processing transfers. One comment suggested a minimum of 60
days for processing. Others suggested that within 90 days of the
submission of a transfer application, the appropriate State Office must
process and approve or reject the application, and if the office
rejects the application, then it must provide specific reasons and
suggestions for approval. The commenter felt that if such action is not
taken, then the Agency should allow applicants to pursue their
application with the National Office.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments but has not
incorporated arbitrary processing timeframes in this interim final
rule. While the Agency is committed to processing transfers as
expeditiously as possible, the coordination of resources and action of
all participants in the transactions makes the imposition of deadlines
in all cases difficult and unreasonable.
Topic: With respect to the transfer of ``at risk'' properties,
several commenters stated that the policy for the transfer and
assumption of at risk MFH projects should be clearly defined in the
proposed rule.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and notes that
Sec. 3560.406(b)(1) states: ``Priority consideration will be given to
ownership transfers or sales needed to remove a hardship to the
borrower that was caused by circumstances beyond the borrower's
control.'' Currently, this is the extent to which the Agency will go
toward establishing a definition for at risk properties.
Topic: The Agency received comments that suggest at the closing of
escrow accounts, the balance in each of the operating, tax and
insurance, and reserve accounts should be released to the transferor,
provided the transferee fully replaces the funds in each account.
Response: The Agency notes this concern and has revised the
regulatory language to allow for the release of the reserve to the
transferor. The release of these funds is contingent on the new owner
funding the reserve account in an amount sufficient to cover the
project's immediate needs.
Topic: Comments were received on the Agency's requirement for
restrictive-use provisions for transferred properties. Several
commenters said that purchasers should not be bound by these
restrictions because doing so penalizes buyers and sellers seeking to
stay in the program without further accommodation, by increasing the
use restrictions. One commenter said that the Agency should track the
format of HUD Notice 00-8 (available from HUD) for preserving section
236 properties. Another commenter noted that the proposed rule does not
institute any new requirements with regard to restrictive-use
provisions. The commenter went on to state that subordination is a
serious servicing action and should carry with it a requirement for a
new, extended restrictive-use agreement.
Response: While the Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns,
the Agency has made changes in the process throughout Sec. 3560.406 to
allow for equity at the time of transfer based on the period of time
the borrower is willing to agree to restrictive-use provisions. Also at
the time of transfer, it is the Agency's goal to have a Capital Needs
Assessment completed and all necessary work completed through
rehabilitation. It is the aim of the Agency to extend the useful life
of the property through rehabilitation at least through the
restrictive-use period. The transfer process is being utilized to
preserve the existing portfolio for years to come and provide the
needed housing for those who otherwise could not afford it. The Agency
has made no changes to Sec. 3560.406(g) of the interim final rule. The
Agency will continue to monitor this requirement to assess whether it
serves to discourage transfers, which help preserve the supply of
affordable housing.
Topic: Summarizing the views of several commenters, one commenter
suggested that Sec. 3560.406 ``should provide a form use restriction
agreement that can be amended for form for local legal and recording
requirements.'' Commenters also suggested that when purchasers agree to
both use such a form and extend existing use restrictions, then the
purchaser should be able to obtain other Federal, state or local
financing to pay for purchase and rehabilitation. They thought that RHS
should agree to subordinate and, if requested, reamortize its existing
section 515 loan. The commenters suggested that the Agency refer to HUD
Notice 00-8 (available from HUD) for more information on such a
transfer structure.
Response: In Sec. 3560.406 of the interim final rule, the Agency
encourages the use of third-party financers in order to preserve
affordable housing. This includes clarifying process requirements such
as determining capital needs and simplifying servicing actions such as
subordination or reamortization requests. The Agency streamlined the
transfer process utilizing a new processing checklist to be used by
Agency personnel for transfers which should expedite these type
transactions.
Topic: The Agency received a comment suggesting that changes in or
transfers of MFH ownership should only be approved by the Agency in
cases where further availability of housing would be in the best
interest of the resident and the Federal Government.
Response: The Agency appreciates this comment and has outlined a
process to determine if the transfer would be in the best interest of
the government in Sec. 3560.406. This process takes into account
current market conditions, need for the existing housing, existing
condition of the property, and cost to rehabilitate the property in
order to preserve the property for years to come. The Agency believes
that the requirements regarding ownership transfer and sales adequately
protect the Government's interest and the availability of affordable
housing.
Topic: The Agency received comments on appraisals and security
[[Page 69082]]
issues. Several commenters questioned the use of the ``as-improved
value'' for security property to be transferred. Several comments
recommended using ``as-is market value.'' One commenter stated: ``There
should not be a $100,000 limit as long as the approval official
documents that security is adequate,'' a concern echoed by several
other commenters. One commenter urged that the word ``market'' be
deleted from Sec. 3560.406(d)(3)(i) because it creates confusion.
According to the commenter, the value of the housing project should be
a ``prospective value-in-use,'' not a ``market value.'' Other comments
concerned the rights of purchasers to obtain an appraisal.
Response: The Agency acknowledges these concerns regarding the use
of appraisal terminology and throughout Sec. 3560.406, it has made
revisions as necessary and appropriate. The requirements for
determining the value of security property have been clarified and may
be found in subpart P of this part. To determine what is in the best
interest of the Government, the Agency determined that the appraisal
process is necessary when the value of the property exceeds $100,000.
Topic: Reflecting several commenters' concerns, one commenter said:
``The subordination of interest or a junior lien will not cause the
debt from all sources to exceed the value of the security property;
however, total debt should be allowed to exceed the value of the
property on a temporary basis during rehabilitation, provided the
transferee can demonstrate that permanent financing will not exceed the
value of the property.''
Response: The Agency acknowledges this concern but has made no
change because it believes that permitting total debt to exceed the
value of the property fails to adequately protect the government's
interest. This issue is addressed adequately in Sec. 3560.409.
Topic: A commenter stated that CRCU should apply to initial loans,
as well as to transfers.
Response: The Agency has made no change because initial loans are
subject to CRCU as described in subpart B of this part.
Topic: The Agency received a comment regarding the proposed rule's
remedy against an unauthorized junior lien, for which the Agency must
declare a default and pursue liquidation of the borrower's loan. The
commenter expressed concern with this approach, citing the Agency's
obligation to preserve its housing stock. The commenter asked the
Agency to explore other options outside of the acceleration and
foreclosure process (e.g., enforce the contract, impose fines on the
borrower, seek a receivership, and impose continued use restrictions)
and amend the regulation accordingly.
Response: The Agency is not required to pursue liquidation. The
regulation provides for a cure period and opportunities for the
borrower to resolve the issue. The Agency does not believe the
regulation needs further amendment.
Topic: The Agency received comments expressing concern that the
proposed rule does not allow project accounts to be encumbered by
others. The commenters stated that this restriction is unrealistic and
unnecessary, especially given the need to leverage other lenders'
funds. According to one commenter: ``Other lenders will want to
encumber project accounts, and this should be allowed provided the
Government's position is not unduly impaired,'' a statement that
reflects other commenters' concerns.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments but has decided to
retain the language in the interim final rule. The Agency has decided
not to change the rule because it already allows for liens under
conditions that are advantageous to the project and to the Government
and has determined that it is not appropriate to reduce its standards.
Topic: One commenter expressed that Sec. 3560.406(e)(2) ``should
be modified to allow a non-Agency prior lien to also be transferred to
the transferee if previously accepted by the Agency for the
transferor.''
Response: The Agency disagrees with the commenter. A non-Agency
prior lien would reduce the equity and therefore, should be paid off
before any equity is paid to the borrower.
Topic: One commenter indicated that Sec. 3560.409 entitled
``Subordination or junior liens against security property--other
liens'' appears to be unnecessary and duplicative of what is already in
Sec. 3560.408.
Response: The Agency appreciates this comment but disagrees that
Sec. 3560. 409 is duplicative of Sec. 3560.408. Section 3560.408
deals with the lease of security property and does not explain the
procedures of Sec. 3560.409, which deals with the subordination and
junior liens against security property. In light of this, it is
necessary to keep both sections as stated in the interim final rule.
Topic: Several commenters addressed the issue of final balloon
payments that are routinely set up under section 515 loans. Under the
current regulation, as loans approach the 30-year balloon payment, they
may be reamortized as a servicing action, without the need to extend
any new funds. The commenters are concerned that the proposed rule
discontinues this practice.
Response: The Agency wants to clarify that this practice is
allowable and is addressed in Sec. 3560.74. No change was needed.
Topic: One commenter requested that RHS or a third party provide
training and assistance to existing owners and local groups to explain
the responsibilities that come along with property ownership.
Response: The Agency agrees with the comment but training is
outside of the scope of the regulation. The Agency is issuing
administrative guidance on processing transfers more effectively. A
training request should be forwarded to the Agency. This type of
training can be provided on all levels. If such a request is received,
the Agency will make every effort to accommodate the needs of its
customers. It must also be noted though that with the Agency's current
budget constraints, it would be advisable to also seek alternative
solutions for obtaining this type training, such as housing
organizations, non-profit training centers, etc.
Topic: A commenter asked whether all transfers would be for new
rates.
Response: The Agency believes that Sec. 3560.406(i) clearly states
how the interest rate is determined in conjunction with an ownership
transfer or sale. In most cases transfers will be based on new rates
and terms in order to accommodate the preservation activity taking
place with the transfer. In other instances loans will be transferred
on new rates and terms if it is advantageous to the government. There
may be some instances where transfers take place utilizing same rates
and terms but only on rare occasion.
Topic: One commenter addressed the language used in Sec. 3560.406.
The commenter suggested changing all occurrences of ``the transfer
should be in the financial interest of the government'' to ``the
transfer should not result in a negative impact to either the
government or the tenants.''
Response: The Agency appreciates the intent of this comment.
However, the Agency has made no change to the language in the interim
final rule to ensure that a transfer affirmatively achieves the goals
of the program. This provision is based on the statute section 515(h)
of title V of the Housing Act of 1949.
Topic: A commenter stated that local and State Rural Development
offices do not have an adequate list of local nonprofit organizations.
The commenter believed that Rural Development offices must be given
assistance in developing
[[Page 69083]]
and maintaining up-to-date lists of active local nonprofit
organizations and public bodies.
Response: The Agency appreciates this comment. The Agency works
with local and State offices to ensure that they have the necessary
materials and information they need. The implementation of the
Prepayment Information Exchange (PIX) as mentioned in this document's
discussion of subpart N will greatly improve the Agency's ability to
maintain a complete listing of non-profit organizations interested in
Agency rental programs.
Topic: One comment raised as an issue the practice that banks do
not accept stocks as a form of collateral.
Response: The Agency notes that this comment is outside the scope
of this regulation. The Agency has no control over what financial
institutions accept as collateral and therefore has no authority to
change and regulate the daily procedures of these institutions.
Topic: The Agency received a comment urging that a borrower and RHS
give notice to residents that the borrower has applied to RHS to
transfer the development to another entity. Further, the commenter
believed that residents should be given an opportunity to comment on
the transfer. The commenter thought that residents should be asked to
report to the Agency any needed repairs and/or improvements in
operations; if residents make legitimate suggestions, the Agency should
include corrections of those issues as conditions for completing the
transfer.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment. However, the Agency
does not believe the tenants need to be involved in a borrower's
business transaction (transfer) that otherwise does not affect the
availability or affordability of the rental housing. The Agency
believes that the regulation as written requires identification of
repairs and improvements needed prior to transfer approval.
Topic: One commenter identified an issue with the authority to
transfer or sell developments under special rates, terms, and
conditions as discussed in Sec. 3560.406(l). According to the
commenter, the authority fails to consider the Agency's statutory
prepayment obligations. The commenter thought that the proposed rule
would effectively authorize a borrower to sell a development outside
the program restrictions whenever it is considered in the Government's
best interest, that the section must be revised to also condition the
sale upon the prepayment restrictions set out in subpart N.
Response: The Agency appreciates this comment but has determined
that no change is required to the proposed regulation because Sec.
3560.406(l) does not establish any criteria that would exempt new
owners from being required to accept restrictions. Any project that
would leave the program would be required to pay off the loan and leave
the program in accordance with subpart N.
Topic: A commenter suggested that the Agency should allow for a
reduction of the interest rate for the note at either the transfer of
general partners' interest or the sale. According to the comment, many
properties have interest rates approaching 18 percent. If the note
could be reduced to a lower rate, then note rent could be lower, which
could increase the possibility of attracting moderate-income
applicants.
Response: In Sec. 3560.406(i), the interim final rule allows for
loan restructuring during such transactions to set the interest rate at
the current level or at closing level, whichever is lower. This should
address the commenter's concerns.
Topic: One commenter stated that current regulation and the
proposed rule make it almost impossible for national nonprofit
organizations to acquire properties. As such, the commenter thought
that the definition of ``nonprofit organization'' in Sec. 3560.11 must
be revised and simplified to require only that entities be not-for-
profit under section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue Code.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's concerns and has
revised and simplified the definition of ``nonprofit organization'' in
Sec. 3560.11.
Topic: One commenter urged RHS to recognize the lack of market
value in some properties that nonetheless serve an important resident
and market need. The commenter asserted that RHS should revise its
regulation to allow for recasting a portion of the existing loan as a
soft note payable from cash flow. According to the commenter, this
would most likely be needed where a portion of the section 515 loan
could not be supported by existing income or where a portion of the
existing section 515 loan, through subordination or otherwise, would be
undersecured.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's position. The
Agency is currently reviewing its ability to recast a portion of the
loan as a note not requiring fixed installment payments (soft note).
Topic: A commenter expressed confusion regarding the type of third-
party financing that is permitted given the language in Sec.
3560.406(f). Specifically, the commenter believed that the proposed
rule limits the borrower's financing options.
Response: The Agency has rewritten Sec. 3560.406(f) to more
clearly state the borrower's options. These options state that equity
funding to the borrower may be provided in cash or through a loan
either by the Agency or through a 3rd party lender. This will enable
the borrower to receive their equity from a 3rd party lender in the
event the Agency is unable to provide the funding.
Topic: The Agency received a comment regarding the use of project
funds for the purchase of computer equipment relating to industry
interface and tenant certifications. The commenter believed that states
are not modifying their security agreements to include this equipment.
Further, the commenter indicated that costs have skyrocketed based on
requests to use project funds for these purchases. The commenter
believed that the proposed rule should address this issue.
Response: The Agency appreciates this comment, which requires a
change in the security agreement to include the equipment at the
property site. The Agency has modified the security agreement.
Topic: Two comments were received that encourage the Agency to
revise the proposed rule to allow for the donation or below-market sale
of portions of a MFH security property. They argued that the
requirement of Sec. 3560.407(b)(3)(i) that ``the value of the security
will not be reduced'' is not adequately permissive to allow such
transfers.
Response: The Agency appreciates this comment and has considered
whether to adopt this recommendation. However, the Agency has made no
change to the interim final rule because it has determined that while
such a donation or below-market sale may benefit the owner, the project
may not benefit from such action.
Topic: Several comments addressed Sec. 3560.408(b), asking why
borrowers are prohibited from leasing their property to public housing
authorities and suggesting that there may be times when it is in the
Government's interest to allow this practice.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the comments. However, the
commenters did not provide any examples when it would be advantageous
and therefore the Agency has declined to make the change in the
regulation.
Topic: One comment was made regarding the requirement that lessees
pay all prorated expenses associated with what is being leased. The
[[Page 69084]]
commenter believed that this may be difficult to determine and,
instead, such lessees should only demonstrate that they are in the
financial best interest of the project and tenants, and that the
project itself will not be adversely affected financially.
Response: The Agency appreciates this comment but has made no
change to the interim final rule. The rule is written to protect any
expenses to the project that were not previously taken care of prior to
the lessor leasing the property to the lessee. There is no way to know
if some unforeseen expenses will adversely affect the property or not;
therefore, by having rules in place to cover the cost ensures the
financial stability of the property.
Topic: The Agency received a comment specifying that the new loans
obtained by nonprofit purchasers seeking to acquire and preserve
section 515 properties generally cover the following: (1) Cost of
improvements or repairs, (2) a payment to seller, (3) purchaser's due
diligence and transaction costs, (4) a debt service reserve for the new
lender, and (5) lender's fee and cost of counsel. The commenter
believed that nonprofit purchasers should not be expected to come out
of pocket with monies to accomplish a preservation transaction.
Response: The Agency appreciates this comment but made no changes
to the interim final rule. It is the Agency's position that these costs
are part of the cost of doing business that every entity must be
responsible for addressing.
Topic: A commenter stated that under existing regulations, phased
properties could be consolidated as long as the entities were the same,
regardless of when they were closed. A commenter asked whether this
practice would still be allowed.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's position and
there was no change in the new regulations. Consolidations are
permitted as long as they are feasible and in the best interest of the
government.
Topic: Several comments were received regarding loan
consolidations. Commenters urged the Agency to add a paragraph to the
regulation allowing loans for projects made to multiple borrowers to be
consolidated when transferred to a new single borrower.
Response: The Agency wants to clarify that the proposed rule allows
this type of loan consolidation and Sec. 3560.410 of the interim final
rule continues this policy. No change was needed. It should be noted
that for a consolidation to occur the same borrower must own all
projects that are to be consolidated. This common ownership can occur
after a transfer as described by the commenter.
Subpart J--Special Servicing, Enforcement, Liquidation, and Other
Actions
Topic: The Agency received several comments expressing concern
about a loophole related to acceleration that was not closed by the
language in the proposed rule. Commenters noted that this loophole
could allow borrowers to save their property during acceleration after
the restrictive-use provisions have been removed and thereby circumvent
the established prepayment process. Commenters stated that the loss of
use restrictions after acceleration results in a loss of affordable
housing, and some claimed that it is an approach used by owners to
avoid being subjected to such provisions. Commenters requested that the
Agency add language to the regulation allowing RHS to retain
restrictive-use provisions on a property during and after acceleration
and foreclosure.
Response: The Agency acknowledges these comments and has made
revisions to the interim final rule to address owners that force
acceleration in an effort to evade the prepayment process. The Agency
has added language to Sec. 3560.456 in the interim final rule that
allows it to take alternative actions, such as suing for specific
performance, when the Agency determines that the owner's motivation is
to circumvent the prepayment process.
Topic: Several commenters requested that RHS adopt additional
remedies and actions as part of special servicing actions. The
objective of these remedies, proposed by commenters, is designed to
preserve the supply of affordable housing. Suggested additional actions
included being able to impose fines, appointing a receiver, recasting a
portion of the RHS loan as a soft note payable from cash flow, and
adding restrictive-use provisions in conjunction with special servicing
actions, including loan restructuring.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the concerns raised by the
commenters. RHS has authority to use a number of enforcement actions
beyond those established in the current instruction. These additional
actions have been incorporated into the interim final rule in Sec.
3560.460 through Sec. 3560.463 and have expanded the enforcement tools
available to the Agency. RHS has also added the authority to require
that expiring loan or assistance agreements not be extended unless the
owner executes an agreement to comply with additional conditions
prescribed by the Agency, or executes a loan or assistance agreement in
the form prescribed by the Agency. The Agency is currently reviewing
its ability to recast a portion of the loan as a note not requiring
fixed installment payments (soft note).
Topic: A commenter recommended that the Agency acknowledge that
past servicing actions may have an impact on the cash flow for a
project, which can affect a borrower's ability to address deteriorated
physical conditions. The concern expressed is that some projects' cash
flow may be insufficient to quickly correct deficiencies, particularly
physical deficiencies. The commenter asked that the Agency explicitly
recognize in the rule that some projects may need additional time to
correct deficiencies due to the extent of funds available to the
project.
Response: The Agency acknowledges that there are situations and
circumstances that will require additional time to correct
deficiencies. In such cases, the Agency requires the borrower to submit
a workout agreement that identifies the time periods required to
address these deficiencies.
Topic: A commenter requested that the regulation cross-reference 7
CFR part 1900, subpart D and the administrative appeals rules.
Response: The Agency notes that a cross reference to 7 CFR part 11
and 7 CFR part 1900, subpart D appears in Sec. Sec. 3560.9 and 3560.10
of subpart A, and this reference continues in the interim final rule.
Topic: A commenter suggested that workout agreements should
supersede management plans and requested that the Agency be required to
notify an owner before canceling a workout agreement so that the owner
has an opportunity to respond to Agency concerns.
Response: The Agency views the two documents--workout agreement and
management plan--as serving distinct, but related, functions. RHS
disagrees that the workout agreement should supersede the management
plan. Rather, the two need to be consistent. The Agency has retained
the language from the proposed rule in Sec. 3560.453 (e)(i) of the
interim final rule, which establishes that updating the management plan
to be consistent with the content of the workout agreement is a
condition of Agency approval of the workout agreement. Further, RHS has
added language to Sec. 3560.453(e)(2) of the interim final rule
indicating that the Agency will provide notice to the borrower upon
cancellation of the workout agreement for a property.
Topic: With regard to the occupancy waiver in Sec. 3560.454(b), a
commenter
[[Page 69085]]
raised the concern that the language as written could create an impasse
at properties where the vacancy issue is the need for rental assistance
and none is currently available. The commenter suggested that the
requirement for housing applicants on the waiting list before any over-
income applicant be revised so that it better matches with the
availability of rental assistance.
Response: The Agency recognizes that in circumstances when RA is
not available, higher income tenants need to be considered for
occupancy and Sec. 3560.454(b) of the interim final rule allows for
this type of situation.
Topic: Multiple commenters requested that the Agency allow a
borrower to reamortize its loan if the borrower is current with all
payments. One commenter suggested that an appraisal should not be
required as part of a reamortization regardless of debt, with proper
cash flow.
Response: The Agency wants to clarify that a reamortization is
allowable in these circumstances as is shown in Sec. 3560.455(b)(3) of
the interim final rule. The circumstances when appraisals are required
are covered in Sec. 3560.455(b)(3) of the interim final rule. As long
as there is other adequate evidence that the Agency's security interest
is protected as required by Sec. 3560.455(b)(1)(ii), an appraisal
would not be necessary. Finally, Sec. 3560.454(b) of the interim final
rule does allow for reamortizations in situations other than just
delinquency.
Topic: A commenter requested further clarification from the Agency
on the meaning of ``suspending'' rental assistance.
Response: Information regarding suspension of rental assistance can
be found at Sec. 3560.456(b)(2) of the interim final rule. The Agency
notes that, generally, rental assistance is suspended when interest
credit has been cancelled due to a default. The rental assistance can
be restored once the default has been resolved.
Topic: A few commenters addressed the write-down provisions in
Sec. 3560.455. One commenter recommended that the Agency change the
requirement from one write-down per property to one write-down per
owner. Another commenter stated that the sections dealing with write-
downs and reamortizations were excellent and would help maintain viable
projects in very rural areas.
Response: The Agency agrees with the comment that requiring no
previous write-down of indebtedness associated with a housing project
as a condition to receive a write-down is too restrictive. The Agency
has removed this condition from the interim final rule. The Agency has
not further restricted these requirements to one write-down per owner
because the Agency does not believe the servicing remedy is necessarily
related to the owner but rather to the performance of the property.
Topic: A commenter requested that the Agency allow for a write-down
of debt without a change to the current ownership, if there are no
issues with the ownership members.
Response: The Agency wants to clarify that the interim final rule
does allow loan write-downs for the current ownership as specified in
Sec. 3560.455(c).
Topic: A commenter requested that Sec. 3560.456 be revised to
specifically include the ability to make a reasonable bid at a
foreclosure sale. The commenter recommended that the regulation allow a
discounted bid, as allowed by Single Family Housing, to include holding
time, sale cost, and other factors.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's suggestion and has
incorporated the language from 7 CFR 3550 (at 3560.456(c)), which gives
the Agency additional flexibility to accept a discounted bid.
Topic: In reference to Sec. 3560.452, a commenter requested that
the proposed rule explicitly allow RHS to extend the time period for
correction or resolution of a default.
Response: The Agency notes that the proposed rule does allow for
workout agreements to extend beyond 2 years. This provision under Sec.
3560.453(e) allows the Agency to extend the period.
Topic: A few commenters requested that the Agency include a
provision under Sec. 3560.454 that would allow an applicant or
resident who does not want to provide income and asset documentation,
but is willing to pay market rent, be allowed to live in the property
on an ineligible basis. Such residents would need to vacate the unit if
needed by an eligible applicant.
Response: The Agency understands the commenters' concern but has
made no change to Sec. 3560.454. Under the applicable statute, RHS
must have documentation of a tenant's eligibility for occupancy.
Section 3560.454(b) and Sec. 3560.158(c) allow for ineligible
applicants to reside in a property with Agency approval if the specific
unit type has no waiting list, or if accepting an over-income tenant is
necessary to maintain the financial viability of a property. An Agency
waiver is required in these circumstances, and only properties that
have received a waiver may admit tenants that do not meet or will not
document income eligibility requirements.
Topic: A few respondents commented on the authority of State and
Field Offices to approve workout agreements and other special servicing
actions. One commenter appreciated the Agency position of not requiring
State Office approval of workout agreements longer than 2 years. Other
commenters requested that the Agency provide the authority below the
State Office for approval of Affirmative Fair Housing Marketing Plans,
workout agreements, servicing market rents, and change of project
designation.
Response: Approval levels are internal Agency procedure and not set
forth in Agency regulations.
Topic: A few commenters noted that subpart J in the proposed rule
did not include specific language on enforcement.
Response: The Agency has added four sections to the interim final
rule to more specifically address enforcement: Sec. 3560.460 (Double
damages), Sec. 3560.461 (Enforcement provisions), Sec. 3560.462
(Money laundering), and Sec. 3560.463 (Obstruction of Federal audits).
Topic: A commenter noted the actions that an owner may take or fail
to take that would cause the Agency to determine that the loan is at
risk. The commenter noted that the Agency may remove the management
agent if the Agency determines that a compliance violation or loan
default was caused, in full or in part, by the management agent. The
commenter stated that it agreed with the Agency's strengthened ability
to remove a management agent that causes compliance violations or loan
defaults.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's support.
Topic: A commenter inquired whether equity skimming is considered a
non-monetary default under Sec. 3560.462.
Response: The Agency appreciates this comment and agrees that
equity skimming is a form of non-monetary default but has made no
changes to Sec. 3560.462. Additional procedural information on
handling suspected cases of equity skimming are addressed in the
Agency's internal procedures.
Topic: A commenter requested that the Agency provide clear
definitions for when a payment is considered past due and how the
Agency calculates 10-, 20-, and 30-days past due.
Response: The language in the definitions section of subpart A for
``Default,'' and in Sec. Sec. 3560.401(c) and 3560.451(c) has been
revised to provide that a past due obligation is one which remains
unpaid or unperformed for more than 30 days after the due date.
[[Page 69086]]
The references to 10 and 20 days in the proposed rule were clear and
were not changed.
Topic: A commenter noted that Sec. 3560.452(e) included an
incorrect cross-reference to enforcement and liquidation sections.
Response: The Agency appreciates this comment and has corrected the
cross-reference in the interim final rule.
Topic: A commenter noted that the discussion in Sec. 3560.453
concerning workout agreement budgets does not reflect the fact that the
Agency may not be the senior debt. The commenter recommended that the
Agency add language reflecting Agency procedures when it is in a junior
lien position.
Response: The Agency appreciates this comment and has added
language to Sec. 3560.453(d) in the interim final rule recognizing the
prior lienholder's position, if any, in the order of cash disbursements
under a workout agreement budget.
Topic: In reference to Sec. 3560.454(e) regarding the termination
of the management agreement, a commenter stated that the Agency must
give the management agent and owner due process and allow them a joint
opportunity to contest the termination.
Response: The Agency agrees with the commenter that the management
agent and owner have the right to contest a termination but has made no
changes to this section in the interim final rule because these rights
are provided under the Agency's appeals procedures.
Topic: A commenter noted that procedures for the Debt Collection
Improvement Act of 1996 were developed for the Agency, but that MFH was
excluded because its own handbook was under development. The commenter
recommended that the rule refer to 7 CFR part 3 covering debt
collection for the Department or include language directly in the
regulation.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment and has added language
regarding debt collection procedures to Sec. 3560.460 in the interim
final rule.
Topic: A few commenters noted typographical errors in Sec. Sec.
3560.455 and 3560.456.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and has corrected
these errors in the interim final rule.
Topic: A few commenters noted that Sec. 3560.456(a)(2) regarding
payment subsidy conflicts with guidance provided in the draft Project
Servicing Handbook which was made available online when the proposed
rule was published.
Response: The Agency appreciates this comment. The regulation is
correct as written and changes have been made to the Agency's internal
procedures to ensure that it reflects the regulation.
Topic: With regard to Sec. 3560.456(a)(2), a commenter asked
whether the Agency needs to wait until the appeals process is complete,
rather than immediately following acceleration, to suspend interest
credit and rental assistance.
Response: The Agency has removed the phrase ``immediately following
the issuance of an acceleration notice'' from the regulation to clarify
that interest credit and rental assistance will be suspended upon
acceleration.
Topic: With regard to Sec. 3560.456(c), a commenter asked whether
the Agency has the ability to foreclose on a mortgage without going
through the U.S. Attorney's office, which can slow down the process.
Response: The Agency appreciates this comment but has made no
changes because representation of the Agency by the Department of
Justice is a Federal requirement and litigation is necessary to
initiate a judicial foreclosure action in those states requiring
judicial foreclosure.
Topic: A commenter stated that the Agency's procedures in dealing
with deceased owners were unclear, in particular when there is no heir
who wants to operate the property as affordable housing.
Response: The Agency appreciates this comment but the property is
still subject to the restrictions and the Agency will work with the
heirs, as necessary, to facilitate the transfer of the property to an
eligible borrower.
Subpart K--Management and Disposition of Real Estate Owned (REO)
Properties
Topic: A few commenters requested that preference be given to
eligible nonprofit organizations for the disposition of REO property.
Response: Section 3560.504(c)(1) of the interim final rule has been
revised to explain that the Agency will publicly solicit requests for
sealed bids and publicize auctions. The successful bidder will be the
applicant with the highest bid. It is the Agency's policy to get the
best price for the property and not limit the potential pool of
applicants.
Topic: A commenter requested that the Agency include language
similar to the language from the current regulation in 7 CFR
1965.223(c), which provides for the continuation of restrictive-use
provisions on projects sold out of inventory.
Response: The Agency appreciates this comment and believes its
interim final rule adequately addresses this issue. When inventory
properties are sold as ``program'', then Sec. 3560.505(d) of the
interim final rule requires the loan closing follow the requirements of
subpart B (see Sec. 3560.62(a)(2) of the interim final rule) for
executing a restrictive-use contract acceptable to the Agency.
Topic: A commenter requested that the Agency change the requirement
for nonprofit organizations from having experience in the Agency's MFH
programs to having experience in providing affordable housing.
Response: The Agency appreciates this comment but has determined
that all applicants need experience in operating MFH to be eligible to
own and manage this type of housing. The Agency notes that Sec.
3560.102(e) of the interim final rule adequately covers acceptable
management agent criteria and, therefore, determined that no change to
the regulation is needed.
Topic: A commenter recommended that the Agency revise its policy
stated in Sec. 3560.504(c)(1) that the Agency will make an award to
the first offer drawn as part of a sealed bid process for REO property.
The commenter suggested that it would be in the Agency's interest to
open all bids and accept the highest eligible bid.
Response: The Agency agrees with this comment and has revised Sec.
3560.504(c)(1) of the interim final rule to clarify that RHS will
accept the highest eligible bid or, if no acceptable bids are received,
the Agency may negotiate a sale without further public notice.
Subpart L--Off-Farm Labor Housing
Topic: Several comments were received on Sec. 3560.576 (formerly
Sec. 3560.575(b)(2) of the proposed rule) and the requirement that a
substantial portion of income for Farm Labor Housing households come
from farm labor employment. Commenters expressed concern that the
standard for domestic and migrant farm laborers will increase so
greatly that it will make many existing tenants ineligible, limit new
occupancy, hurt the people that the program was intended to serve, and
place existing properties at risk. Other commenters expressed concern
because they were not able to see specifically how the income standard
would change and there was no definition. One commenter also noted that
exhibit J of RD Instruction 1944-D (available in any Rural Development
office) has not been published annually by the Agency.
Response: Section 514 of the Housing Act of 1949 defines ``domestic
farm labor,'' in part, as ``* * * any person (and the family of such
person) who receives a substantial portion of his or
[[Page 69087]]
her income from primary production of agriculture or aquaculture
commodities * * *.'' Previously, exhibit J of RD Instruction 1944-D
(available in any Rural Development office) provided ``Federal Regional
Income Limits for Hired Farmworkers.'' Domestic farm labors, other than
migrant farmworkers, were required to earn actual dollars from farm
labor for at least 65 percent of the annual income limits found in
exhibit J. Migrant farmworkers were required to have at least 50
percent of the annual income limits. Exhibit J was distributed as a
Procedural Notice on July 2, 1986, and has not been updated since that
time. The proposed rule indicated that the Agency would be replacing
exhibit J and updating the limits. However, the Agency has not changed
its basic policy here in the interim final rule.
The Agency believes that commenters misunderstood the Agency's
intent and the policy presented in the proposed rule. The examples
provided suggest that the commenters interpreted the proposed rule as
requiring the use of the income limits published by the Agency for
eligibility in RRH as the basis for calculating 65 percent or 50
percent of income from farm labor. The Agency is not using the RRH
income limits as the basis for the income standard for percentage of
income from farm labor.
The Agency has retained the basic method used in Sec.
3560.576(b)(2)(i)(A) of the interim final rule to determine whether a
substantial portion of a household's income comes from farm labor
employment. However, the Agency has raised the income limits that were
previously published in exhibit J by 50 percent to reflect increases in
farm worker incomes since 1986 (when the income limits were last
published). When revising the income limits, the Agency used data from
the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The new limits are found in internal
Agency guidance and will be updated periodically, not annually, to
reflect changes in the workforce. The changes will be announced in the
Federal Register prior to the time that they take effect. The Agency
has revised language from the proposed rule in an effort to clarify its
policy on this topic.
Topic: One commenter questioned the statutory basis by which the
Agency uses income to determine eligibility and stated that the
proposed rule should comply with the statute. Further, the commenter
added that if ``Congress had intended to place income limits on
tenants, it would have explicitly said so in the Act.'' Another
commenter recommended that moderate-income farmworker families be able
to live in section 514/516 projects with continued use of the priority
system (preferred no change to the existing system).
Response: The Agency has made no change to the current policy.
Section 3560.576 of the interim final rule continues the current
eligibility policy requirement that farmworkers must not have income
which exceeds the moderate income limit (previously published at 7 CFR
1944.153) but will also continue to allow farmworkers with above
moderate incomes to occupy units if there are no eligible applicants on
the waiting list.
Topic: Several commenters were concerned with tenant priorities for
off-farm labor housing. These commenters felt that the priorities were
too confusing and cumbersome.
Response: The Agency agreed with these comments and has simplified
the priorities in the interim final rule at Sec. 3560.577(a).
Topic: One commenter said that priority for occupancy in off-farm
labor housing should be based on annual household income, rather than
on the percentage derived from farm labor.
Response: The Agency agrees with this comment and has eliminated
this requirement from the interim final rule but still has to meet the
definition of Domestic Farm Laborer which includes receiving a
substantial portion of their income from the primary production of
agricultural or aquacultural commodities or the handling of such
commodities in the unprocessed stage.
Topic: A number of commenters felt that the requirements for a
nonprofit organization should be simplified and that too much emphasis
was placed on local representation. One commenter asked the Agency to
use a standard definition of a nonprofit organization--one similar and/
or used for other programs such as the LIHTC program. The commenter
also thought it would be appropriate to include public agencies, such
as public housing authorities and redevelopment Agencies.
Several others requested clarification on what ``reflect the
demographics of the community'' means as opposed to ``representation on
the board from the area where the housing is located'' because the
proposed language in Sec. Sec. 3560.55(a) and (b) does not speak to
reflecting community demographics and Sec. 3560.55(c) only lists
additional eligibility requirements for nonprofit organizations. The
commenters thought that the three sections do not address the
instruction in Sec. 3560.555(a)(1) that requires board representation
from the housing area instead of a board that reflects the community's
demographics. One commenter also stated that paragraph (9) in the
definition of non-profit organization (Sec. 3560.11) requires
``capacity'' as an underwriting issue and should not be in the
definition; the Agency should clarify its intent prior to finalizing
the proposed rule.
Response: As stated in the description of comments for subpart A,
the Agency agrees and has revised the definition of a nonprofit
organization. The Agency has also added, language to Sec. 3560.555 to
specify that to be eligible for an off-farm labor housing loan or
grant, a nonprofit organization must be a ``broad-based'' nonprofit
organization. RHS has added this language so that the regulation is
consistent with sections 514 and 516 of the Housing Act of 1949. The
Agency has brought forward a sentence from the current regulation to
describe what is meant by a ``broad-based'' nonprofit organization.
Topic: Several commenters questioned why limited partnerships were
ineligible for Farm Labor Housing grants.
Response: The Agency notes that there is no authority under section
516 of the Housing Act of 1949 to provide grants to limited
partnerships. For this reason, limited partnerships remain ineligible
for Farm Labor Housing grants.
Topic: Several comments were received concerning Sec. 3560.559,
some of which concerned the requirement that off-farm labor housing
incorporate exterior washing facilities (showers) as necessary to
protect the resident and the property from excess dirt and chemical
exposure. A few commenters thought that exterior washing facilities
should be encouraged but not required.
Response: The Agency agrees with these comments and has revised its
position in the interim final rule.
Topic: Another commenter thought that the Agency should use
different terminology so that ``washing facilities'' is not confused
with ``laundry facilities.''
Response: The Agency agrees with this comment and has changed
``exterior washing'' facilities to ``outdoor showers, boot washing
station, and/or hose bibb'' in the interim final rule.
Topic: A commenter contended that exterior washing facilities were
not needed and thought that the idea sounded discriminatory.
Response: The Agency does not agree with the commenter and believes
that there are instances when outdoor showers can improve the quality
of life of farmworkers by giving them the opportunity to wash off
excess dirt and chemicals before entering their homes.
Topic: Several comments were received concerning construction
[[Page 69088]]
financing requirements for off-farm labor housing. These commenters
want the Agency to allow grant funds to be used before loan funds to
reduce interest costs.
Response: The Agency has made no change to the requirement because
it contends that a borrower's own resources, including loans, need to
be utilized prior to the disbursement of grant funds. The Agency notes,
however, that this section of the regulation has been rewritten to
state that equity contributions being made by the borrower or grantee
must be contributed and disbursed prior to the disbursement of loan or
grant funds.
Topic: One commenter also asked that the Agency include fees for
oversight in its provisions for an asset management fee for owners of
Farm Labor Housing projects that are not self-managed in subpart L. An
additional comment wanted the Agency to allow an operating line item
for the provision of services because the provision of services is used
as criteria for funding projects by both Rural Development and some
states.
Response: In the proposed rule, the Agency inadvertently left out
the key language from the earlier Operating Subsidy Proposed Rule. The
Agency has inserted the missing language into the interim final rule.
The Agency believes that this additional language addresses the
commenter's concerns. In accordance with Sec. 3560.303(b),
cooperatives and nonprofit organizations may use housing project funds,
with prior Agency approval, for asset management expenses directly
attributable to ownership responsibilities. The Agency has decided not
to include a separate operating line item for the provision of
services. However, if a Farm Labor Housing complex has a Tenant
Services Plan and incurs administrative expenses while carrying out
that Plan, those expenses can be budgeted for on the budget's ``Other
Administrative Expenses'' line provided the expenses are directly
attributable to housing project operations and are necessary to carry
out successful operations.
Topic: A number of commenters expressed their concern with the
distinction between off-farm and on-farm labor housing. One commenter
noted that the Agency does not define the terms and suggested that they
are used inconsistently.
Response: Definitions for the terms ``On-farm labor housing'' and
``Off-farm labor housing'' have been added to the definition section of
the interim final rule in Sec. 3560.11.
Topic: The Agency was asked by two commenters to provide more
detail to Sec. 3560.556. The first commenter asked that the Agency
specifically use ``may'' instead of ``will'' in the final regulatory
text and consider offering over-the-counter funds from time to time
without being tied to a formal NOFA process. The second commenter asked
to make Sec. 3560.556 similar to Sec. 3560.56 and to provide more
detail. The commenter suggested that the minimum acceptable level of
detail would be that a proposal or initial application should be
submitted in accordance with the NOFA and those with the highest
rankings will submit a final application.
Response: The NOFA that is annually published by the Agency
contains much of the same detailed information that is found in Sec.
3560.56. In this manner, the Agency will have more flexibility in
modifying the application and processing procedures, without having to
implement a change to the regulations. It may be necessary to have this
flexibility to respond to changes in funding levels or shifts in
program priorities. The Agency also retained the words ``will be
published'' because the Agency will continue with a competitive
application process, rather than making funds available ``over-the-
counter'' from time to time, as suggested by the commenter.
Topic: One commenter asked the Agency to provide more flexibility
in its occupancy limits for seasonal housing. The 6-month limit may be
too restrictive, such as in the Northwest where seasonal work can last
for 10 months per year. They offered that different units should be on
a rolling seasonal schedule so that all do not close on one date, but
perhaps on different dates throughout the off-months. The commenter
also asked to have more flexible opening and closing dates for off-farm
units.
Response: The Agency believes that the commenter misunderstood
Sec. 3560.60 as it does not establish an 8-month occupancy limit for
seasonal housing. Section 3560.559 establishes a design requirement for
off-farm labor housing that is housing occupied less than 8 months per
year. The Agency has made one additional change from the proposed rule
to allow seasonal housing to be constructed for full-year occupancy to
provide additional flexibility with regard to this issue according to
Sec. 3560.559(a).
Topic: Two commenters were concerned with Sec. 3560.562 and its
use of the terms ``security value'' and ``value-in-use,'' both of which
one commenter asked the Agency to clarify in its final rule.
Specifically, the commenter thought that value-in-use should actually
refer only to the value of the subject real estate, as restricted. The
commenter felt that the problem with basing the term security value on
the term value-in-use is that the value-in-use of a subject property,
as restricted including the value of the interest credit subsidy, does
represent security value, but the value-in-use of a subject property,
as restricted including the value of the interest credit subsidy and
the value of the section 516 grant, does not represent security value.
This commenter believed that there is a catch-22 for securing
section 516 grants because their value must be added to the value-in-
use of the subject property to secure the grant but value cannot be
added because it does not represent security value. The commenter
suggested revising Sec. Sec. 3560.562(a) and (c) so that section 516
grants do not have to be secured by the value-in-use of the Farm Labor
Housing project but instead, are based strictly on total development
cost, not on security value.
The second commenter also had issues with the proposed regulatory
language in that both the loan and grant must be securitized by the
value of an appraisal or the total development cost, if it is less;
yet, there are few comparable properties upon which to base ``comps''
in rural areas, so appraisals often come in below the total development
costs. Since these rural area projects are often only feasible as a
result of grants (RHS and others) the commenter requested that the
Agency either not require an appraisal to cover the grant or allow
exceptions to the appraisal requirements.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concern and has
revised Sec. Sec. 3560.562(a) and (c) to clarify that the maximum
amount of the grant is not limited by the security value of the
property. The grant is limited to the lesser of: (1) 90 percent of the
total development cost or (2) that portion of the total development
cost which exceeds the sum of any amount provided by the applicant from
their own resources plus the amount of any loans approved for the
applicant, considering the capacity of the applicant to amortize the
loan.
Topic: Multiple commenters asked whether it is practical (as stated
at Sec. 3560.565(b)(2) of the proposed rule) to lock the Agency into
providing 100 percent of rental assistance if there are more
affordable, alternate sources available.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment and has revised the
language
[[Page 69089]]
in Sec. 3560.565(b) of the interim final rule to delete the 100
percent requirement.
Topic: A commenter wondered why the Agency allows the 50-year grant
term to exceed the 33-year loan amortization period.
Response: The Agency has revised Sec. 3560.566(c) of the interim
final rule by removing the reference to a 50-year grant term. This was
done so that the regulation is consistent with the grant agreement. The
grant agreement requires that the housing be used for authorized
purposes for as long as it is needed.
Topic: Several commenters focused on Agency requirements for loan
and grant closings. One commenter suggested that all loan applicants
should be executing loan agreements, and all such loan and grant
agreements, regardless of applicant, should include the provisions
listed in Sec. 3560.571(b)(1) through (3). Three others asked the
Agency to ensure that the documentation requirements for loan and grant
closings are the same.
One of these commenters asked about the restrictive-use period,
which the proposed rule states is specified in subpart N. They were
uncertain if this referred to Sec. 3560.662(a) with its 20-year
restrictive-use period. They asked whether the Agency would disallow
prepayment (commensurate with the section 515 program) and instead
require a 33-year restrictive-use period (commensurate with the section
514 loan term).
Response: The Agency has deleted Sec. 3560.571(b)(1) through (3)
and has also revised Sec. 3560.571 in the interim final rule to
clarify the restrictive-use provisions for off-farm labor housing.
Additional details are provided in Sec. 3560.72(a)(2) and subpart N.
The Agency agreed with the commenters and revised this section. The
items that were listed in Sec. 3560.571(b)(1) through (3) have been
deleted from this section and have been placed in the Agency-approved
loan and/or grant resolution, loan agreement, and grant agreement
forms.
Topic: Two commenters stated that the Agency should include
provisions governing the alternative option to use section 521 rental
assistance as an operating subsidy in off-farm migrant labor projects.
They added that the option was ``enacted into law a number of years ago
and there is no legitimate reason for omitting it here.''
Another commenter was disappointed that provisions for an operating
subsidy on seasonal units was not incorporated into the Agency's
proposed rule.
Response: The Agency has adopted the language from the earlier
Operating Subsidy Proposed Rule for the interim final rule.
Topic: Two commenters expressed their support for the Agency's
effort to provide increased latitude in verifying Farm Labor Housing
tenant income and farm employment.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' support for this
provision.
Topic: The Agency heard from a commenter asking that provisions for
section 514/516 technical assistance grants be included in the final
rule.
Response: The Agency has adopted the commenter's suggestion in the
interim final rule at Sec. 3560.553(b) and (c).
Topic: A commenter stated that Sec. 3560.575(a) be modified to
clarify that for Farm Labor Housing properties operated under the LIHTC
program, the borrower may restrict occupancy to only those farm
laborers who also qualify under the LIHTC program.
Response: The Agency has made no change because the tenants, by
definition, must comply with the LIHTC program requirements.
Topic: Multiple commenters requested a reduced servicing
requirement for grant-only projects, one for Sec. 3560.577 and one for
Sec. 3560.578 (which is now Sec. 3560.578 and Sec. 3560.579 in the
interim final rule).
Response: The Agency will not reduce servicing requirements for
grant-only projects because RHS believes these activities are necessary
to ensure the continued viability and compliance of such projects.
Topic: A commenter stated that Sec. 3560.574 should be moved to
subpart M since it deals with on-farm labor housing only.
Response: The Agency believes that the commenter may have
misunderstood the intent of Sec. 3560.574 since it does not deal with
on-farm labor housing, so it has made no change.
Topic: One commenter saw no reason to distinguish between domestic
and migrant farmworkers in the Agency's programs. They anticipate that
the 50 percent requirement included for migrant farmworkers would be
less onerous to both residents and borrowers.
Response: The Agency has made no change because this distinction is
necessary, since migrant farmworkers are the ones in greatest need and
are the program's primary focus.
Topic: Multiple commenters were interested in ensuring that
surviving households be able to remain in housing but did not expect or
think it reasonable for this to be a priority to gain tenancy.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment and has deleted the
provision from Sec. 3560.576(d)(1), which addresses a surviving
household of a deceased farm laborer. The rights of surviving
households to remain in their units are already addressed in Sec.
3560.158.
Topic: Multiple commenters stated that developers are recognizing
the need for senior Off-Farm Labor Housing projects and asked that the
Agency expressly state that elderly Farm Labor Housing applications may
be targeted for admission.
Response: The Agency has revised Sec. 3560.576(b) and (c) to make
retired farm laborers a priority for such housing, with ``retired farm
laborer'' being defined in subpart A to be workers at or in excess of
55 years old. Although the Agency does not finance Farm Labor Housing
projects that are restricted to the elderly, Farm Labor Housing should
be marketed to all eligible persons, including, but not limited to,
persons who meet the definition of a retired domestic farm laborer.
Topic: A commenter asked about the policy in Sec. 3560.575(d) in
which the Agency allows section 514/516 properties to be rented to non-
farmworkers. The commenter notes this section does not provide a
process for seeking approval or setting time limits and asks that a
formal waiver process be included in the final rule.
Multiple commenters stated that the Agency should broaden its Farm
Labor Housing statute definition to meet Congressional intent. One
commenter suggested that the Agency mirror that of HUD (reference 42
U.S.C. 1436a(a)) and thereby address Congressional intent;
specifically, the Agency should adopt the ``legal or qualified alien''
definition for all Farm Labor Housing, just as it has for other multi-
family housing.
Response: The Agency appreciates the first commenter's suggestion
and has revised Sec. 3560.575(d) in the Interim Final Rule to account
for the suggested change. The Agency has made no change to the
definitions because its requirements for citizenship are statutory.
Topic: A commenter asked that Sec. 3560.575(d) be revised to
address when areas cease to have farmworkers, which would include
identifying the exception process to allow the development to
permanently rent to non-farm laborers.
Response: The Agency has revised its proposal to identify a process
by which non-farm laborer tenants are able to occupy units. In the
interim final rule, Sec. 3560.576(e), the Agency has reserved however,
the authority for such units to revert to farm laborer tenants if the
need again arises.
[[Page 69090]]
Subpart M--On-Farm Labor Housing
Topic: Commenters stated that as long as the Agency's loan is
adequately secured, then the Agency should not prescribe what comprises
adequate security.
Response: The Agency understands this point and has revised Sec.
3560.610(b) to read: ``When feasible, the on-farm labor housing will be
located on a tract of land that is surveyed such that, for security
purposes, it is considered separate and distinct from the farm. The
security for the loan must include a lien on the tract of land where
the on-farm labor housing is located and the security must have
adequate value to protect the Federal Government's interest. The Agency
will seek a first or parity lien position on Agency-financed property
in all instances, however, the Agency may accept a junior lien position
if the Federal Government's interests are adequately secured.'' This
language is both less prescriptive and less restrictive and should
address the commenters' concerns.
Topic: Regarding the on-farm labor housing program, several
commenters said that rather than providing flexibility, the proposed
regulation would add many restrictions that would disqualify
agricultural housing providers. One commenter pointed out that the
proposed regulation fails to recognize or provide a transition for
owners with section 514 loans who agreed not to charge rent to their
farmworkers.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenters' concerns. However,
the proposed regulations do not add any restrictions that are not
currently in place. With respect to a transition for farmworkers who
agreed not to charge rent, the regulations do not require that
farmworkers pay rent; the regulations require that if rent is charged,
it must first be approved by the Agency.
Topic: Several comments were received regarding the regulations on
on-farm farm labor housing. Commenters were concerned that the
regulation creates barriers to housing access for farmworkers and
similarly disqualifies agricultural housing providers. One commenter
noted that requiring proof of the tenant's eligibility prior to move in
would make seasonal housing especially difficult to secure; in most
cases, tenants do not usually have to certify their eligibility until
after they move in. Another commenter noted that the proposed
regulation would disqualify agricultural housing providers, such as a
farmer with two or more employees, and such restrictions are unhelpful.
Response: The Agency does not know what was meant by the term
``agricultural housing provider.'' However, the regulation does not
make farmers with two or more employees ineligible. Requiring proof of
tenant eligibility prior to move in simply conforms the on-farm
regulations with other MFH provided by the Agency.
Topic: Commenters stated that the program should use language to
facilitate growth of the Farm Labor Housing program and increased
connections between affordable housing nonprofit organizations and farm
owners. One commenter suggested that the program should be brought in
line with other owned and operated rental properties by allowing a
professional property manager firm to manage the property so that the
farmers can concentrate on farming. Another commenter said that the
proposed rule should allow limited partnerships to participate in the
ownership of on-farm housing, similar to that done with LIHTC projects.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns. While
nonprofit organizations are allowed to work with farmers to develop on-
farm labor housing by statute, this is not a specific objective of the
program. While farmers are encouraged to manage their on-farm labor
housing properties effectively, these are not conventional properties
and should not be managed as such. However, there is nothing in the
interim final rule to preclude professional management of on-farm labor
housing projects. At the same time, the Agency does not anticipate the
need for professional management except, perhaps, on rare occasions
when there are a significant number of on-farm housing units at one
farm. There is no statutory authority to allow on-farm labor housing
loans to be made to limited partnerships.
Topic: One comment noted that in addition to the program objectives
in Sec. 3560.602, farmers should be allowed to receive grants as an
incentive for providing affordable housing.
Response: Under section 516 of the Housing Act of 1949, only the
following entities are eligible for farm labor housing grants: States
or political subdivisions thereof, Indian tribes, broad-based public or
private nonprofit organizations incorporated within the state, and
nonprofit organizations of farmworkers incorporated within the state.
Topic: One commenter noted that the proposed rule should give
leasing and renting priority to employees of the farmer but should also
allow nonemployee agricultural workers an opportunity to rent or lease
a unit if the units are vacant for an extended amount of time. Another
commenter noted that farm borrowers should be allowed, on a case-by-
case basis, to provide housing for immediate relatives if the Agency
can document that these family members are farmworkers in the best
interest of both parties and essential for farm operation.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns. The
interim final rule gives the Agency the authority to provide exceptions
to on-farm labor housing borrowers to enable them to rent to
ineligibles on a temporary basis. The borrower must, however,
demonstrate that efforts have been made to fill the units with eligible
applicants.
Topic: Several comments were received concerning the limitations of
the definitions of ``farmer'' and ``farm owner'' found in Sec.
3560.11. Many commenters were concerned that such definitions might
significantly restrict the pool of eligible farmer applicants. The
commenter thought that this section should be amended to remove
references to ``family size farm'' requirements and the reference to 7
CFR 1941.4. The commenter believed that the regulation ``de-motivates''
farmers who are legitimately interested in housing their workforce but
cannot participate because they are not included in this definition.
One commenter noted that the program should be available to all farmers
on an equal basis because the one being helped is the farmworker, not
the farmer; further, the section about ineligible farmers should be
eliminated.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns. The
Agency has revised definitions of ``farm'' and ``farm owner'' in the
interim final rule to be consistent with the current regulation and
statute. In addition, a definition for ``farm'' is now included in the
interim final rule. The revised definitions are less restrictive than
those included in the proposed rule.
Topic: One commenter expressed concern that the proposed rule would
increase the amount of work farmers have to do, especially when having
to provide information from lenders indicating that they are
unqualified to obtain credit from a commercial source.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's concern. The
requirement that borrowers must provide documentation that they have
sought credit elsewhere and have been refused is not a new one. The
goal of the section 514 program is to provide financing to those who
cannot obtain credit elsewhere. The ``test for credit'' requirement is
a statutory requirement.
[[Page 69091]]
Section 3560.605(a)(3) of the interim final rule has been revised so
that it is consistent with the statute and the prior regulation.
Topic: Several commenters expressed concern over the strong
language about demonstrating that the farmer could not develop the
housing without the USDA assistance. They felt that the requirement is
counterproductive and should be removed; tying financing to borrowers'
financial resources misses the mission of the Farm Labor Housing
program.
Response: The Agency wishes to clarify the policy described by the
commenters. Section 3560.605(a)(3) states that the applicant must be
unable to provide the housing using the applicant's own resources. This
is true for all the Agency's direct MFH loans. The Agency's mission is
to provide financing for MFH in rural areas and/or for farmworkers by
providing financing to those who cannot obtain it from another source.
The requirement is a statutory requirement.
Topic: Several comments were received regarding the accessibility
of the labor housing. One commenter noted that the farmer should only
be required to add accessibility features on a reasonable accommodation
basis rather than a mandatory feature; mandatory accessibility design
feature requirements increase costs and may act as a disincentive for
farmers to provide affordable housing for workers.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns and has
added Sec. 3560.605(d) to state: ``On-farm labor housing that consists
of buildings with less than three units, need not meet the requirement
that five percent of the units be constructed as fully accessible
units, as described in Sec. 3560.60(d).''
Topic: Several comments addressed site and construction
requirements. One commenter said that all housing should be built to
permanent unit requirements because of the low-construction quality and
lack of maintenance of seasonal units. The commenter went on to suggest
building an integrated community of permanent and seasonal worker
units, which would be easier to maintain and manage.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns and has
modified Sec. 3560.608(c)(2) to state: ``Seasonal housing may be
constructed in accordance with exhibit I of 7 CFR part 1924, subpart A.
If constructed in accordance with exhibit I, the housing must be
suitable to allow for conversion to full-year occupancy if the need for
migrant farmworkers in the area declines.''
Topic: There were several comments made concerning reserve
accounts. One comment suggested that the reserve account requirement
apply only when on-farm housing operations include 13 or more units,
rather than the proposed number of five or more units. Another
commenter noted that imposing standards on only five or more units
sounds good but is an unnecessary burden and could discourage some
farmers from applying.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for raising this issue
and has modified Sec. 3560.614 to state that the reserve account
requirement applies when on-farm housing operations include 12 or more
units.
Topic: Several comments were received regarding participation with
other funding sources. One commenter noted that Sec. 3560.615 cross-
references Sec. 3560.66, discussing the availability of rental
assistance, but should make clear that on-farm labor housing projects
may not receive rental assistance. Another commenter said that
encouraging the use of other funding sources is incongruent with the
rest of the proposed rule--the goal is to obtain nondebt financing for
projects, not more debt financing. The commenter said that the
regulation is written as if USDA were providing 100 percent of the
financing, which is not always the case; this does nothing to help USDA
partner with funding sources, an essential element.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns. The
reference to Sec. 3560.66 in Sec. 3560.615 refers to situations in
which the borrower obtains other funding sources. With regard to
additional funding sources, the Agency's intent is to encourage on-farm
labor housing borrowers to obtain other funding sources, either debt or
non-debt. There is no restriction against nonprofit organizations
assisting farmers to obtain funds from other sources. Section 3560.254
has been revised to clarify that on-farm labor housing is not eligible
for rental assistance.
Topic: One comment noted that the term of the loan should be 50
years instead of 33 years to allow for lower monthly debt service
payments and lower monthly rent payments by the tenant.
Response: The Agency appreciates the commenter's concern but has
made no change because the 33-year limit is statutory.
Topic: One commenter suggested that funds for on-farm labor housing
should only be provided as permanent financing after the development
work is complete.
Response: The Agency notes that on-farm labor housing borrowers are
subject to the same financing requirements as off-farm labor housing
and section 515 borrowers, as described in Sec. 3560.71.
Topic: The Agency received several comments concerning housing
management and occupancy restrictions. One commenter noted that on-farm
labor housing borrowers generally have a single-family unit, where
imposing a management plan requirement is burdensome for both Rural
Development staff and the borrower.
Response: The Agency acknowledges these concerns. The requirements
for management plans for on-farm labor housing projects are minimal.
Topic: Several comments were received concerning tenant
eligibility. One commenter stated that any change in tenant eligibility
should take previously existing tenants into consideration or
grandfather them in. Another commenter noted that a definition of
eligibility for Farm Labor Housing projects based on ``annual income
limits published by the Agency'' will have very negative consequences
for existing tenants; given that farmworkers are often some of the
lowest paid workers, many of these tenants could be displaced if the
proposed rule is adopted as currently written.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns.
However, the Agency wants to clarify that it has not changed the
eligibility requirements for tenants of on-farm labor housing, and the
annual income limits only apply to tenants of off-farm labor housing
projects with a nonrestrictive farm labor clause, as stated in Sec.
3560.575(b)(2)(iv).
Topic: One commenter noted that the proposed rule requires an
Affirmative Fair Housing Marketing Plan even though on-farm labor
housing is by definition restricted to employees only. The commenter
thought that the regulatory language should explain clearly what is
expected given these circumstances.
Response: Borrower's with on-farm labor housing loans for less than
5 units are not required to submit an Affirmative Fair Housing
Marketing Plan. The Agency acknowledges that the Affirmative Fair
Housing Marketing Plan might be an abbreviated version since the
borrower is required to restrict occupancy to farm employees. However,
the Agency intention is to ensure that there are no violations of fair
housing and civil rights laws in providing on-farm labor housing.
[[Page 69092]]
Topic: Regarding establishing and modifying rental charges, one
commenter noted that the Agency should only require sufficient
financial information to show that the housing operation is operating
in a nonprofit manner for the rental rate imposed. The commenter felt
that the owners should be allowed the flexibility to provide budget
information for the unit that is acceptable to the State Director.
Response: The Agency wishes to clarify the issue raised by the
commenter. The interim final rule states that the borrower is to
document the need for a rent increase and obtain approval from the
Agency in accordance with subpart E. Subpart E does not specify what
the borrower must submit to the Agency; only that ``borrowers must
fully document that changes to rents and utility allowances are
necessary to cover housing or utility costs.''
Topic: One commenter thought that the regulations pertaining to the
on-farm program should continue to ensure that existing borrowers not
charge rent to their laborers.
Response: The Agency appreciates the comment. The Agency's policy
is that the on-farm borrower can choose to charge rent or not. The
interim final rule provides the option in Sec. 3560.628 by stating
``If it becomes necessary to establish or modify a shelter cost, the
borrower must obtain Agency approval as specified in subpart E of this
part.''
Topic: One comment was received regarding security deposits. The
commenter noted that this should only be addressed as required lease
language and make no reference to multi-family regulations as stated as
Sec. 3560.204.
Response: The Agency wishes to clarify this issue. On-farm labor
housing borrowers are not required to charge security deposits. If they
choose to do so, however, the terms set forth in Sec. 3560.204 must be
followed to protect both the tenant and borrower and ensure that the
borrower is in compliance with applicable State and local laws.
Subpart N--Housing Preservation
Topic: The Agency received numerous comments on the sale to
nonprofit organizations or to public agencies and the priority for
local nonprofits. Some commenters indicated that this requirement is
too restrictive and will slow down the preservation process as it
limits the entities that can participate. Some suggested broadening the
definition of nonprofits to facilitate the participation of National
and regional nonprofit organizations (which are limited by the board
composition requirements under the current definition), as well as
nonprofit general partners who otherwise agree to the use restrictions
(which would allow for the use of LIHTCs and tax-exempt bonds). Others
suggested eliminating the preference all together to allow for limited
nonprofit and for-profit entities that agree to use restrictions. Other
commenters, however, stated that the priority of nonprofit buyers is
critical to the preservation of affordable housing and should be made
more explicit in the regulation. It was also suggested that nonprofits
be offered all available incentives to assist them in acquiring and
preserving properties.
Response: The Agency has not removed the sale to the nonprofit
organization and public body process from the interim final rule
because the requirement is statutory. However, the Agency has
simplified the definition, as stated above under subpart A. The rule
will retain the preference to local nonprofits, as that is required by
statute as well. The Agency has also taken several administrative and
procedural steps to facilitate nonprofit purchases by providing them
better access to loans and advances.
Topic: The Agency received numerous comments about restrictive-use
provisions. Comments fell into four major categories:
A lack of clarity about how the provisions are determined,
Opposition to restrictive-use provisions,
A call for greater use and enforcement of restrictive-use
provisions, and
The impact of the restrictive-use provisions on future
transfers.
Topic: There were general complaints about lack of clarity about
the Agency's regulatory authority to require restrictive-use provisions
and the process by which they are determined. Commenters raised
questions about specific dates cited in the rule, the application of
the requirements to limited partnerships, language on affected
households, and the exception for properties receiving another USDA
loan. They also argued that there are no standards laid out in the rule
for determining the applicable-use restrictions and objected to
language stating that the provisions will be ``as determined by the
Agency.''
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concern and while
the requirements are statutory, the Agency has revised Sec. 3560.658
and Sec. 3560.662 to clarify its requirements and provide the terms of
the restriction. The statute (42 U.S.C. 1472(c)) specifies which loans
are subject to restrictive-use provisions and provides the terms of the
restriction. The Agency cannot change this. The Agency incorporated the
specific language for restrictions into forms, guided by the detailed
descriptions at Sec. 3560.662.
Topic: There were also significant objections to the restrictive-
use provisions in general. Commenters indicated that these provisions
place an undue burden on borrowers who have already fulfilled the
obligations of their agreements. Commenters also indicated that, in
some cases, the restrictive-use provisions are not needed (e.g., in
areas where other housing opportunities exist or in properties where
other loans place restrictive-use provisions on the property). They
also questioned the 10- and 20-year extensions to use restrictions.
Response: The Agency has not removed the requirement for
restrictive-use provisions because it is statutory. However, the rule
does allow alternative options for properties that are not needed in
the program or have other restrictions in place. The Agency added the
10-year use restriction to provide owners with additional options when
agreeing to sell to a nonprofit organization or public body, rather
than imposing additional requirements.
Topic: Several commenters stressed the need for effective
enforcement of the restrictive-use provisions. They indicated that
tenant involvement is important to enforcement efforts but that Agency
action will be important as well. They suggested that language about
Agency enforcement of provisions be included in the applicable legal
documents. Commenters also expressed concern that some properties have
not had restrictive-use provisions applied because of their section 8
status. They indicated that a property might lose its section 8
assistance and no longer be subject to affordability requirements.
Response: The Agency will use the resources it has available to
enforce its restrictive-use provisions; however, the involvement of
tenants and other interested parties will be critical to maximizing the
Agency's enforcement resources. The restrictive-use provisions required
by Sec. 3560.662 will have to be included in Agency approved legal
documents. Current regulations require that the availability of section
8 will not be considered when determining if restrictions are required.
The Agency contemplates no change in that administrative process.
Topic: Several commenters stated that the proposed rule places
another restriction on the property if bought by a nonprofit/public
body--not only must it be operated as affordable housing for
[[Page 69093]]
the remaining useful life of the housing, but it cannot be transferred
to new owners without Agency concurrence. The commenters asked why the
Agency must approve subsequent transfers if restrictive-use provisions
bind the purchasers.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns but has
made no change to Sec. 3560.659 as this requirement is required by 42
U.S.C. 1472(c)(5)(E).
Topic: The list of requirements for prepayment requests drew many
comments and question on this list of items, the burden of complying,
and how to comply.
Topic: The Agency received numerous comments on the list of items
required for a preservation application and suggested edits and
changes. Several commenters said that requirement to provide 3 years of
operating budgets should be eliminated because if the purchaser
provides the Agency with a market study, the Agency should be assured
that the market rents are sufficient to cover the property's operating
costs. Several commenters, however, suggested that the requirement for
a market study be eliminated because of the cost factor involved,
unless the cost can be funded through incentives. Commenters also
suggested that the requirement to provide a balance sheet be
eliminated, as the Agency should already have a copy, and that the
request for the waiting list should be eliminated because it is
irrelevant in determining prepayment eligibility. One commenter also
suggested that the Agency distinguish between ``complete information''
and ``responsive information'' as a way to pare down the materials to
be submitted.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and has
significantly reduced the number of submissions, eliminating the
requirements for the balance sheet, waiting list, operating budgets,
and market study. The remaining required submissions include only
evidence of the borrower's ability to prepay and documentation of the
borrower's willingness to comply with applicable State and Federal laws
on prepayment, including Fair Housing rules and tenant protection
through the lease. With this greatly reduced reporting burden the
Agency sees no need for a further delineation between ``complete'' and
``responsive'' submissions.
Topic: The requirements for prepayment requests also elicited
numerous comments and questions about the burden associated with the
application packet. Some stated that the amount of information required
posed a burden on the borrowers and that the Agency should take on more
responsibilities as outlined in the Emergency Low Income Housing
Preservation Act (ELIPHA). One commenter indicated that compliance with
State laws is important and agreed that the burden should be on the
borrower to demonstrate compliance.
Response: The Agency has made a serious effort to balance the
burden of compliance with the Agency's responsibility to assess the
prepayment requests. The changes discussed above reduce the borrower's
burden considerably without jeopardizing the Agency's ability to assess
the request.
Topic: Finally, commenters raised a number of questions about the
contents of prepayment requests, specifically, how to demonstrate
ability to prepay, lease language on prepayment, and the Fair Housing
certification.
Response: The Interim Final Rule outlines the required submissions
while leaving the detail on how to submit them in the handbook. The
Agency recognizes the complexity of these issues and provides
additional detail on how the Agency will make these review
determinations in Agency guidance about program procedures.
Topic: The Agency received many comments on the prepayment notice
requirements, regarding the new frequency of the notices, the tenant/
Agency meetings, the way notice is provided, and responsibilities
regarding new tenants.
Topic: Commenters offered different points of view on the new
prepayment notice and meeting requirements. Some argued that the new
notices and the Agency meeting are overly burdensome and tend to cause
confusion among tenants rather than provide useful information.
However, others stressed the critical importance of informing tenants
through the notices and meetings, and argued for further requirements
to strengthen the notice requirements, such as requiring borrowers to
provide tenant names and addresses as part of their prepayment
application, allowing greater response time for tenants, and including
the sample notices, currently found in internal Agency guidance.
Commenters also had suggestions for the delivery of the notices related
to the language, the use of regular versus certified mail, and the
Agency's responsibility for delivering the notices.
Response: The Agency appreciates all the comments. The notices as
outlined in the proposed rule are not new and represent, in the
Agency's estimation, the best compromise between burden for the
borrowers and for the Agency and the tenants' need for information. For
example, the Agency automated information system called MFIS currently
contains information on tenant names and addresses, and their income
status, so borrower provision of these data is redundant and was
eliminated. The rule establishes minimum requirements for keeping
tenants adequately informed of the prepayment process at all stages
including response times. All notices must be approved by the Agency
and the Agency will consider adopting a pre-approved sample notice. The
Agency feels that a further level of detail is unnecessary in its
regulations. The Agency will issue subsequent guidance on approved
notice procedures including content and delivery and how the
notification process fits into the prepayment process. The Agency's
regulations do not require it to provide the notices.
Topic: One commenter raised an issue regarding the notification of
new tenants after a borrower has applied to prepay a loan. The
commenter indicated that some borrowers might use this provision to
warn potential tenants about the potential changes in the property to
discourage low-income tenants from taking the units, thereby reducing
their prepayment obligations. The commenter asserted that provisions
should be put in the rule to limit this behavior.
Response: The Agency acknowledges this comment. However, based on
the Agency's experience as it has worked with borrowers during the
prepayment process, RHS has found that this type of action is not
common practice. Further, the significant loss of rental revenue that
would occur if borrowers took this type of action in an effort to
obtain possible relief from prepayment obligations to tenants is a
strong disincentive against this practice. For this reason, the Agency
decided to make no change to the interim final rule.
Topic: The Agency received many comments on the timeframes
established for receiving incentives and closing deals with nonprofit
organizations or public agencies. On the 15-month timeframe for
receiving incentives, several commenters stated that the new process is
not significantly improved and urged additional streamlining to reduce
the 15-month wait time. Others stressed the importance of securing
adequate funding in the Agency budget to meet the 15-month deadline.
Still others opposed the 15-month cap, stating that it violates the
Agency's responsibilities under ELIPHA to preserve housing and
[[Page 69094]]
will allow borrowers to opt out. On the 24-month timeframe, several
commenters welcomed the limit but requested that an exception be made
in cases where the purchaser has not received adequate cooperation from
the Agency or the borrower. Some argued for a 48-month timeframe to
address the intense competition for resources, while others stated that
24-months is commercially unreasonable. Some commented on wait list
procedures and proposed putting borrowers on the list sooner to speed
up the process.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns and has
revised Sec. 3560.660(a) to incorporate the suggestion for an
exception to the 24-month deadline. The Agency has significantly
reduced the waiting period for incentives since the proposed rule was
published and expects that performance to continue. Otherwise, the
timeframes and wait list procedures remain in effect, as the most
feasible compromises among the various interests. Additional details on
these timeframes and procedures are covered in Agency guidance about
program procedures. The Agency appreciates the commenter' suggestions
about the borrower's desire to opt out but hopes to have sufficient
resources available so that the waiting list timeframes remain
relatively short, although overall program funding is not under the
control of the Agency. We also note that borrow cooperation is a
critical component to help meet timeframes. For wait list integrity,
the borrower must accept an incentive offer before they can establish a
position on the waiting list.
Topic: Several comments were received regarding the third party
financing in preservation transactions. Several commenters said that
the proposed rule does not enumerate the authorities that permit use of
third party financing and instead refers back to subpart I. The
commenters further state that Sec. 3560.406(f) prohibits the use of
project funds to pay for such financing, which effectively eliminates
all third-party financing options.
Response: The Agency thanks the commenters for highlighting this
issue and has modified Sec. 3560.406(f) so that it does not eliminate
participation of third party financing during the transfer process.
Also, Sec. 3560.657 clarifies that third party loans are acceptable as
part of the prepayment process. The Agency has been and intends to
continue using third party financing as an option when prepayment is
requested.
Topic: Commenters also discussed third-party loans as possible
incentives. They asked that provisions be added to the rule to
specifically allow borrowers to obtain an outside equity loan as a
possible incentive. Commenters also asked the Agency to revise the
regulation to more clearly recognize the range of financing mechanisms
it has recently implemented through Administrative Notices that allow
third parties to bring private and public financing into the section
515 program.
Response: The Agency finds that the interim final rule allows third
party financing in Sec. 3560.659(g). Third-party equity loans are
permissible as long as they are approved by the Agency in accordance
with subpart I.
Topic: The Agency also heard from commenters focused on appraisal
issues under subpart N. Several of these commenters stated that the
requirement for two appraisals, especially for a sale to a nonprofit
organization, is excessive. They stated that if the borrower and the
Agency can agree to a sales price after one appraisal is conducted,
then a second one should not be required. Similarly, commenters
suggested that if the difference between the two appraisals is less
than 10 percent they should split the difference, rather than seek a
third appraisal. Commenters also suggested that to help streamline the
process, the Agency should allow for the owner to provide an appraisal,
subject to review and approval by the Agency. Finally, there were some
comments indicating that the appraisal requirements are not clear.
Response: While the Agency appreciates these suggestions, it has
made no change because the requirement for two or three appraisals is
statutory. In response to several commenters who stated that the
appraisal requirements are confusing, the Agency recommends reviewing
subpart P of this part for detailed information on appraisal
requirements.
Topic: The Agency received several comments on identity-of-interest
relationships in preservation transactions. These commenters said that
prohibiting any identity-of-interest between seller and buyers,
particularly nonprofit buyers, punishes persons who seek to convert
ownership from for-profit to nonprofit status. The commenters suggested
that the Agency adopt the IRS antichurning rule standards that any
person or entity that has an interest in the seller must have a less
than 10 percent owner interest in the buyer.
Response: While the Agency acknowledges the commenters' concerns,
it believes that there are sufficient numbers of nonprofit
organizations that do not have an identity-of-interest relationship
with borrowers of section 515 properties. The prohibition on IOI
relationships is statutory.
Topic: The Agency received several comments on the determination of
minority impact. Some commenters asked for additional information on
how the determination is made and clearer definitions of such terms as
``market area,'' ``adverse impact,'' and ``housing opportunities for
minorities.'' Several commenters indicated that this determination is
of such importance that the standards for conducting this analysis
should be included in the interim final rule instead of in the
handbooks. Commenters also expressed concern that these determinations
sometimes fail to correctly identify adverse impacts. Specifically,
they stated that the Agency sometimes made incorrect assumptions about
the need for the housing based on availability of section 8 housing,
the lack of minorities in the property, or the size of the units. They
suggested additional tools for the analysis, including the local
section 8 wait list and a stronger definition of the term ``market
area.'' Finally, some commenters ventured that the standard creates a
new barrier to prepayment and is virtually impossible to meet.
Response: The requirement regarding minority impact is statutory.
While some commenters feel review criteria were too loose and others
express concern that they will be too tight, the Agency strives to
review relevant criteria in an objective manner. The Agency added
language in Sec. 3560.658(b) that describes the information that will
be reviewed when the Agency makes this determination. The Agency agrees
that ``market area'' needed a better definition and has added one to
subpart A. Further the Agency agreed that ``adverse impact'' needed
further clarification and has clarified that the adverse impact should
be disproportionate. The Agency also felt that some clarification was
needed for ``housing opportunities for minorities.'' Therefore the
Agency has clarified that an evaluation must be made of housing
opportunities for minority tenants, applicants, and the market area in
general. As to the suggestion of using local section 8 waiting lists in
making these determinations, the Agency feels that this level of detail
is unnecessary in its regulations. Additional details on how the Agency
will review relevant information is available in Agency guidance about
program procedures.
Topic: Several comments were received regarding the borrower's
right to prepay. These commenters said that the Agency has no right to
prohibit prepayment because the provisions of ELIPHA are no longer
valid, and they
[[Page 69095]]
stressed the Agency's obligation to comply with the terms of their loan
agreements. In addition, several commenters said that given the Agency
chooses not to acknowledge the borrower's right to prepay, it should
further streamline the prepayment process to assist in the preservation
of affordable housing.
Response: The Agency's right to establish conditions for prepayment
is statutory. The Agency has simplified the provisions throughout
subpart N of the interim final rule to reduce the burden of preparing a
prepayment application and retain only the requirements necessary to
meet the statutorily required process.
Topic: The Agency received several comments stating that the rule
does little to clarify or streamline the process and stressing the need
for alternatives to the prepayment process. Commenters emphasized the
importance of an efficient process to keep properties in the program
and to facilitate the borrower's ability to bring new financing (such
as tax credits) into the property. Some suggested revising specific
timeframes for review and response. Others suggested creating separate
tracks and alternative mechanisms for dealing with properties that meet
certain conditions. For example, they suggested that the Agency create
an expedited process for properties that are prepaying but remain
subject to use restrictions because of another loan, for properties
where the borrower preemptively rejects incentives, and for obsolete
and high-vacancy properties. Several commenters stated there should be
two tracks for preservation deals, one for prepayment without
restrictions and another for prepayment with restrictions, and that the
timelines for each should be 180 and 90 days, respectively. Others
stated that the transfer process should be streamlined to facilitate
transfers to nonprofit organizations and loan assumptions where the
same rates and terms remain in place, which could alleviate some of the
strain on the prepayment process by taking some properties out of that
process. Finally, they suggested that the roles of the Preservation
Office and the State Offices be clarified to avoid operational issues.
Response: The Agency has made many changes to reduce burden and
simplify the process, in administrative practices, and both in the
proposed rule and in the interim final rule, as the statute allows. The
Agency has also streamlined the procedures for transfers and now allows
for equity loans at the time of transfer in subpart I and encourages
borrowers to take this route in lieu of prepayment. In essence, these
actions have now created two tracks for borrowers to follow to exit the
program while preserving the affordable rental housing project.
Otherwise the Agency has not adopted a separate track program nor a
special process for nonprofits because the prepayment statute (42
U.S.C. 1472(c)) provides for a linear single track process. One of
those tracks is within subpart I while the other is found in subpart N.
Actions taken administratively have already reduced processing
timeframes for most prepayments below the 180- and 90-day timeframes
mentioned by the commenter. For example, offering general incentives
has been a method the Agency has administratively implemented that
greatly reduces processing time when a borrower indicates they have no
desire to receive a specific incentive offer. Our discussion of the
improvements made to the transfer process are detailed in our comments
on subpart I including bringing new financing into the property.
Topic: Several commenters stated that the processing of prepayment
requests takes more time than it should, and that the interim final
rule should include an application processing timeline. They questioned
the validity of the 180-day threshold for submitting a proposal given
the process can take longer than that and also questioned the 180-day
rule for restricted loans as these loans already stipulate timeframes
in the loan documents. They also suggested adding a 30-day deadline for
Agency review of the application.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and, as described
in the Agency response to other public comments on subpart N, RHS has
taken many steps to reduce burden, streamline the process and minimize
delays. The 30-day tenant and nonprofit and public body notice and the
180-day advertisement period for sales to a nonprofit and public body
are statutory (42 U.S.C. 1472(c)). Additional information on internal
Agency processing timelines is included in Agency guidance about
program procedures. The Agency has retained the 180-day period before
an anticipated prepayment as a reasonable attempt to allow borrowers
sufficient time to meet their plans for a payment date in light of the
procedural steps and possible contingencies they may face. Of course
the 180-day period is a minimum notice period and the borrower can
provide earlier notice if they feel that it is required. The interim
final rule significantly reduced the number of required components of a
complete application subject to review. This fact, by itself should
greatly reduce the amount of time required by the Agency to review a
prepayment application. However, the Agency has not adopted the
suggestion for a 30-day review period because it considers this to be a
matter of internal Agency procedure.
Topic: The Agency received numerous comments on the public notice
requirements. While some commenters indicated that the lower burden on
the Agency would be helpful to the overall process, others complained
that the requirements shift the notice responsibility from the Agency
to the borrower and that this is burdensome to the borrower. They
stated that the notice to other Agencies should be an Agency
responsibility. They also stated that there is no mechanism for
maintaining the contact lists and that existing lists are incomplete,
outdated, and include insufficient contact information. They suggested
that the owner be permitted to select a nonprofit organization to sell
to, without going through the notice requirements, subject to Agency
approval of the buyer. They also suggested that public notice be made
the Agency's responsibility instead of the borrower's.
Response: The Agency agrees with these comments and has adopted
them into subpart N. Specifically, the Agency has developed a Web-based
system, called the Prepayment Information Exchange (PIX), for providing
electronic notices required during the prepayment process. PIX will
also include a listing or nonprofit and public bodies that wish to be
notified of prepayment requests or sales offers. The Agency also made
changes to subpart N of the interim final rule that will permit the
Agency to determine that no local nonprofits are available, to allow
faster access to regional and national nonprofits.
Topic: The discussion of incentives generated significant numbers
of comments. These comments fell into three major areas: (1) The
availability of incentives, (2) the structure of incentives, and (3)
the process for calculating incentives.
Topic: On the availability of incentives, commenters stressed the
importance of providing promised incentives in a timely manner if the
incentives are to be attractive to borrowers. They emphasized the need
for sufficient budget and adherence to the timeframes in the processing
timeline.
Response: The Agency recognizes the need for timely provision of
incentives and has tried to reduce burden and streamline the process
precisely for this
[[Page 69096]]
reason. The Agency also worked to open avenues to third party resources
to provide funding for equity when a prepayment request has been filed.
Agency guidance about program procedures outlines the Agency's
procedures for adhering to established timeframes. The Agency is unable
to control its budget.
Topic: Commenters also had a number of questions and comments about
how incentives are structured: first, there was approval of the
increased clarity on what the Agency can offer as incentives; however,
this increased clarity inevitably raises new questions. One commenter
asked if the Agency intends to retain both the specific and the general
incentive offers. Several commenters asked why equity loans are capped
at 90 percent. Some commenters asked that the Agency exercise
flexibility with regard to exception rents where this is the most
economically feasible approach to keeping a borrower in the program.
And commenters had questions about the 50-year amortization period for
1 percent loans. Others proposed edits for clarity around such concepts
as equity and investment.
Response: The Agency has developed detailed procedures for
developing offers, which will be described in Agency guidance about
program procedures. The general and specific incentive offer will be
retained. The 90 percent limitation on equity loan incentives is
statutory. The Agency has reserved the authority to exceed market rents
and will follow procedural guidance on establishing the most valid
amortization period. The Agency has developed these procedures with
careful consideration to provide a fair incentive that assures adequate
resources to borrowers so they can operate the properties in
conformance with applicable property standards while meeting the
Agency's statutory responsibility to retain affordable housing units.
The Office of Rural Housing Preservation will work to coordinate
preservation efforts so that processes are followed consistently and
compatible guidance is developed as new issues emerge. The Agency
adopted all edits which it felt added clarity to its prepayment
process.
Topic: Commenters raised a number of questions about how the
incentives are calculated. Some asked that if the Agency provides an
increase in annual return on the investment, the increase should be
included in the project's operating expense budget to ensure that the
borrower actually receives the money. Others asked about the
applicability of the 30-year Treasury rate and what to do in the
absence of such a rate. Some asked how to factor deferred maintenance
into the determination of incentives. Others had questions about the
statement that once established, incentive offers can not be
renegotiated, though they can be changed. Still others had questions
about the determination for equity loans that other incentives are not
adequate.
Response: When the Agency develops an incentive, it commits to
rents sufficient to fund the incentive. The 30-year Treasury rate has
been changed to the 15-year Treasury rate. Further procedural guidance
has been developed to clarify what the Agency interprets as deferred
maintenance. Incentives are not renegotiated to preserve the integrity
of the original commitment. These and other topics related to process
rather than policy are described in Agency guidance about program
procedures. The statute requires the Agency to determine that other
incentives are not adequate to encourage an owner to accept additional
restrictions prior to offering an equity loan. The Agency makes this
determination based on its knowledge of the market and the borrowers'
interests.
Topic: Commenters questioned when LOPEs would be used, given the
prohibition on prepayment in properties where there is an adverse
impact on tenants. Commenters also stated that LOPEs are not sufficient
to guarantee housing in tight markets. Further, they asked why there
was a time limit placed on tenants seeking LOPEs.
Response: The Agency expects that the LOPEs will be used in
properties where prepayment is approved. The Agency recognizes that the
LOPEs do not address all housing problems faced by tenants.
Topic: A number of commenters raised questions about the
applicability of prepayment rules. One commenter observed that this
subpart should specify that it does not apply to borrowers who make
their last payment in accordance with their promissory note and
amortization schedule. Another stated that the rule should allow for
prepayment only in cases of payment in full as the current procedure
does. And one commenter stated that all distressed properties should be
eligible for prepayment incentive assistance, not simply those between
1979 and 1989.
Response: The Agency has made no changes to the eligibility for
prepayment, or the incentives, as the statute establishes both. The
statute does not distinguish between distressed or fully operational
properties. Paying off a mortgage in accordance with the last scheduled
payment at the end of the loan's full amortization schedule does not
constitute prepayment.
Topic: A few commenters suggested that the Office of Rental Housing
Preservation (ORHP) adopt a broader strategy for preserving housing
that addresses the long-term upkeep and rehabilitation of properties
and the need to do this for funding and for new owners to achieve these
goals. One commenter suggested a ``recovery program'' under which the
ORHP would review and restructure financing on aging properties,
working with for-profit and nonprofit developers who focus on troubled
properties. Through this recovery effort, the ORHP would expedite
transfers, prepayments, and loan workouts and would provide a subsidy
clearinghouse for owners willing to take on troubled properties.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and is examining
new ways to facilitate these actions including examining the issues
surrounding the ``recovery program'' concept. Any procedural changes
made are covered in Agency guidance about program procedures. Any
changes in policy identified by the Agency will be addressed in
subsequent rulemaking as needed and appropriate.
Topic: There were several comments on appeal rights. Some
commenters questioned whether borrowers had the right to appeal the
prepayment decisions. Others asked the tenants' rights to an appeal and
suggested that notices provided to tenants should advise them of this
right.
Response: The Agency notes that subpart A states that Agency
decisions that may negatively affect an applicant or borrower may be
appealed pursuant to 7 CFR part 11. Tenants have a right to file
grievances in cases where owners do not fulfill their responsibilities
under the program, as outlined in subpart D, however, they cannot file
grievances in cases of displacement or other adverse actions as a
result of loan prepayment.
Topic: One commenter asked if in Sec. 3560.655 whether the Agency
meant ``expired restricted loan'' or ``expired restrictive-use
provisions.''
Response: The Agency did not find the reference, however, at Sec.
3560.652, the Agency explicitly refers to ``expired restrictive-use
provisions.''
Topic: Commenters suggested several minor editorial changes for
clarity in the section on borrower rejection of the incentives and
asked for more detail on the definition of the market area.
Response: The Agency has made several editorial changes to this
section for clarity. Market area is now defined in subpart A of the
interim final rule.
[[Page 69097]]
Topic: A commenter asked if the language in Sec. 3560.659(e)
inappropriately excludes new moderate-income residents from moving into
a property that is in the process of accepting restrictions.
Response: Any moderate-income exclusion is prescribed by statute
(42 U.S.C. 1472(c)(5)(B)). The moderate-income exclusion would only
take effect if a nonprofit or public body buys the project and leaves
the program.
Topic: Commenters had many questions about the process for selling
to nonprofit organizations and public agencies. These comments focused
on the advances, the selection of buyers, the sales process, and bona
fide offers.
Topic: Commenters welcomed the provision for advances to nonprofit
organizations but suggested that more money is needed to make these
sales occur and asked for more information about how the advances will
occur. They also suggested that in addition to the funds, technical
assistance would be helpful to nonprofits.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and is striving to
maximize the resources available to properties. The procedural guidance
on how advances are requested and approved is covered in Agency
guidance about program procedures. The Agency believes this guidance
will be adequate and no significant change is anticipated from previous
guidance provided in previous Agency instructions.
Topic: Several commenters had questions about the selection of the
nonprofit buyer. Some asked for more information on how to contact
nonprofit organizations. The language in Sec. 3650.659(d) confused
several commenters. They asked if the Agency is limiting nonprofit
organizations to acquire, at most, one prepaid section 515 property.
Other commenters asked for guidance on how to select among qualified
nonprofits and asked that the rule specify that it is permissible to
accept the highest acceptable offer.
Response: The Agency notes that Sec. 3650.659(d) addresses
identity-of-interest issues and does not limit the number of properties
a nonprofit organization can acquire. The prohibition on the IOI
between purchasing nonprofit or public body entities and entities that
have prepaid a loan is statutory. The rule does address the selection
between similar offers at Sec. 3560.659(f).
Topic: Commenters also had questions on the sales process in
general. They suggested edits to several parts of Sec. 3560.659 for
clarity. Commenters asked for more clarity on the information to be
provided to potential nonprofit buyers and offered some additional
suggestions. Two commenters also asked that the rule specify some
limits on the disclosure of information provided by the borrower to a
prospective buyer.
Response: Section 3650.659 of the interim final rule describes the
types of information to be made available so that potential purchasers
understand the project's physical and operational status. The Agency
guidance about program procedures provides specific examples and added
clarity of what borrowers must release to potential nonprofit buyers to
provide sufficient information to allow for an informed offer to
purchase.
Topic: Commenters asked for a more extensive definition of a ``bona
fide'' offer, for example, clarifying how committed an offerer's
financing must be.
Response: No further guidance will be provided on whether an offer
is bona fide in this rule. The Agency feels that sufficient guidance is
already provided in the rule and also independently reviews this issue
(for example see Sec. 3560.659(e)(3)). However the Agency does want to
note that in order to be a bona fide offer, the offer must be
consistent with the appraised value established in accordance with
Sec. 3560.659(a). The Agency will subsequently provide additional
guidance on the factors it will use to evaluate whether an offer is
bona fide. Section 3650.659(k) of the interim final rule also
establishes a 24-month timeframe for the completion of the transaction.
Since this is a business transaction, the credibility of any sales
transaction will not be established in a regulation but by the terms of
the sales contract.
Topic: Commenters noted that all agreements currently reference 7
CFR part 1930, subpart C and will therefore need to be updated.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments and has updated the
references in the agreements.
Subpart O--Unauthorized Assistance
Topic: One commenter expressed concern that the focus of this
subpart was solely on unauthorized assistance, and that the Agency also
specifically should address cases where tenants receive ``too little
assistance'' because they inadvertently over report their income or do
not know the exclusions or deductions to which they are entitled.
Response: The Agency appreciates the concern and will consider this
suggestion as it updates its internal Agency procedures.
Topic: Another commenter noted that the proposed rule does not
explicitly establish the policy that repayment plans need to be
feasible given an tenant's capacity to pay.
Response: The Agency believes that Sec. 3560.705(c) provides
adequate guidance regarding this issue. No set structure is given
intentionally, so flexibility is available depending on the tenant's
situation. It should be noted, that the Agency is committed to
collecting unauthorized assistance that was received by either the
borrower or tenant.
Topic: Multiple commenters indicated that they did not see an
explicit statement in the rule establishing that when tenants receive
unauthorized assistance due to borrower error, the borrower may not
seek to recover this unauthorized assistance from the tenant.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the comment, and notes that this
was the Agency's intent in the proposed rule. RHS has revised the
language in Sec. 3560.708(d) to clarify this policy.
Topic: Several commenters addressed the topic of using project
funds to pay for unauthorized assistance. Several commenters agreed
with the language in the proposed rule prohibiting the use of project
funds to pay for unauthorized assistance due to borrower error. Other
commenters strongly disagreed, noting that because the program rules
are complex, honest and/or inadvertent mistakes can occur. These
commenters noted that in the cases of honest mistakes, the additional
funds go to the project or the tenant, not to the manager or borrower.
They requested that the Agency prohibit the use of project funds to
repay unauthorized assistance only in cases of borrower fraud.
Response: The Agency agrees with the commenters that the
prohibition on using project funds to repay unauthorized assistance
should only apply to cases of borrower fraud. The Agency has made this
change in Sec. 3560.705(g).
Topic: Several commenters addressed the language in the proposed
rule relieving borrowers of responsibility for seeking repayment of
unauthorized assistance to tenants in cases when the tenant has moved
out of the property. Numerous commenters agreed with this change,
noting that borrowers have very little practical authority to compel
tenants to repay such funds once they no longer live at the property.
They also noted that the process of trying to pursue former tenants can
often be difficult and time-consuming for staff,
[[Page 69098]]
and collection agencies may not always be a viable option. Other
commenters strongly disagreed with the policy as presented in the
proposed rule. They indicated that borrowers often have the best
information about such persons and often have provided the information
to a collection agency. These commenters expressed concern that
relieving borrowers of this responsibility will only increase the
burden on Rural Development staff who are not in as strong a position
to collect these funds.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the concerns raised by commenters
but has decided to retain the policy as described in the proposed rule
because this policy gives RHS greater flexibility to apply resources
cost-effectively toward the cases that most deserve to be pursued and
reduces the burden on borrowers and projects. No changes to the
regulation were made in response to these comments.
Topic: Multiple commenters expressed concern that some of the
language in the subpart appeared to hold borrowers responsible for the
acts of residents. The commenters agreed that borrowers have a
responsibility to take action to identify and collect unauthorized
assistance received by tenants but took the position that borrowers are
not responsible for another party's fraud or misrepresentations of
income.
Response: Borrowers must use due diligence in verifying tenant
income. The Agency, however, acknowledges the concerns expressed by the
commenters and has simplified and clarified the language in Sec.
3560.708.
Topic: Multiple commenters expressed support for the use of offsets
as an effective tool for collecting unauthorized assistance, and one
commenter described how it and the Treasury's Cross-Servicing Program
had worked well.
Response: The Agency appreciates these comments.
Topic: One commenter questioned the reference to 7 CFR 3550.210
regarding the use of offsets and asked whether a more appropriate
reference would be to 7 CFR part 3.
Response: The Agency understands the question but has made no
change because the reference to the Single Family Housing regulation is
specific to housing programs.
Topic: Multiple commenters asked questions about procedures related
to unauthorized assistance and enforcement referrals. Another commenter
perceived inconsistencies between the proposed rule and the program
handbooks.
Response: The Agency will describe how it intends to address
unauthorized assistance and enforcement referrals when it updates its
internal Agency procedures in conjunction with the issuance of the
interim final rule.
Topic: One commenter suggested asking tenants to sign a document
similar to an Applicant Certification related to Federal Collection
Policies for Consumer or Commercial Debt at the time that they apply
for occupancy as a possible way to further protect the government's
interests.
Response: This form is not necessary to be completed by the tenant.
The Tenant Certification form has been amended to provide adequate
language to protect the government's interests.
Subpart P--Appraisals
Topic: Several commenters asked the Agency to clarify the
circumstances when the different types of appraisals identified in the
regulation should be performed. In particular, multiple commenters
asked that the regulation indicate that a ``value-in-use'' appraisal is
needed when a project is receiving another type of housing assistance.
Another commenter wanted clarification that an ``as-improved''
appraisal is needed when a project is being rehabilitated. Further,
some commenters asked for clarification about the methods to be used in
conducting the appraisals.
Response: The Agency has clarified the language in this subpart. In
making the revisions, the Agency has used terminology that reflects
current use within the appraisal industry in an effort to reduce the
potential for confusion when a borrower or Rural Development requests
an appraisal. Information about methods to be used when conducting
appraisals will be provided in the program handbooks.
Topic: Multiple commenters expressed concern about the language in
the proposed rule restricting the release of appraisals to borrowers.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the concern raised by the
commenters and has revised Sec. 3560.752(c) of the proposed rule (now
Sec. 3560.752(d) of the interim final rule) to allow the release of
appraisals to borrowers or applicants upon their request.
Topic: One commenter expressed concern that the terms ``security
value'' and ``value-in-use'' were not adequately defined.
Response: The Agency provides further clarification of the
definition of ``security value'' in the handbooks. RHS has deleted the
term ``value-in-use'' from the regulation and has included the term
``market value, subject to restricted rents'', along with a definition,
in this subpart. The latter term will be more readily understood by
appraisers and users of appraisals.
Topic: One commenter expressed concern that the language in this
subpart contradicts the definition of current appraisal in subpart A.
Response: The Agency has made the language consistent with the
subpart A definition.
Topic: One commenter expressed concern about using appraisals that
are more than 12 months old if there is mutual agreement between the
Agency and the borrower or applicant because this allowance could be
abused.
Response: An exception to the use of a current appraisal if the
Agency and the applicant or borrower mutually agree to the use of an
appraisal that is not current is considered by the Agency a prudent
policy that allows for flexibility in individual cases that warrant it.
It is unlikely that this policy could be abused if the Agency and the
applicant, or borrower, both agree to it. Therefore, no change has been
made based on this comment.
Topic: One commenter stated that Sec. 3560.753 implied that
appraisers had to be members of a professional organization to do
appraisals, which conflicts with State licensing laws.
Response: The Agency did not intend that membership in a
professional organization is a qualification requirement for appraisers
to write appraisals for the Agency. The Agency revised paragraph (b) of
this section to clarify that MFH appraisals prepared for the Agency
will be written by Agency appraisers or independent fee appraisers who
are State-certified general appraisers, certified or licensed in the
state where the property is located.
Topic: One commenter requested that the proposed rule include a
statement on due diligence and that due diligence be conducted in
accordance with American Society for Testing and Materials standards.
Response: Agency appraisal procedures concerning environmental
issues that might impact value simply clarify established regulatory
requirements and are being provided in the updated internal Agency
procedures being prepared in conjunction with the issuance of the
interim final rule.
Topic: One commenter questioned whether the phrase ``consummation
of a sale as of a specified date'' in Sec. 3560.752 is inconsistent
with the sale to a nonprofit organization under subpart N.
Response: The Agency has made no change based on this comment
because the phrase ``consummation of a sale as
[[Page 69099]]
of a specified date'' is part of the most commonly used definition of
``market value'' used in the appraisal industry. The phrase is an
essential part of the definition and is not inconsistent with sale
procedures under subpart N.
Topic: One commenter expressed concern that subpart P uses terms
and language that are inconsistent with the Uniform Standards of
Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP) and appraisal literature in
general.
Response: The Agency has made minor wording changes throughout the
subpart as suggested to be consistent with USPAP.
Topic: One commenter suggested that the Agency's handbook language
regarding appraisals could be a guide for the regulation.
Response: The Agency agrees with the commenter. Updated Agency
internal procedures being issued in conjunction with the interim final
rule will clarify procedures for satisfying the requirements
established by this subpart.
Discussion of Comments--Proposed Rule Regarding Operating Assistance
for Off-Farm Migrant Farmworker Projects
The proposed rule was published in the Federal Register on November
2, 2000 (65 FR 65790), with a 60-day comment period that ended January
2, 2001. Four comments were received about the language in the proposed
rule.
The public comments about the proposed rule are discussed below.
The regulatory provisions of operating assistance for Off-Farm Labor
Housing projects are now addressed in 7 CFR part 3560, subpart L. RHS
sincerely appreciates the time and effort of all commenters.
Topic: Several commenters noted that Pub. L. 106-569 had been
enacted since the publication of the proposed rule, and suggested that
the rule be revised to include the provisions from this statute
allowing the use of section 521 funds as an operating subsidy in Off-
Farm Labor Housing projects that house both migrant and year-round
farmworkers.
Response: The Agency agreed with the commenters and incorporated
the provisions of Pub. L. 106-569 allowing the use of section 521 as an
operating subsidy in Off-Farm Labor Housing projects that house both
migrant and year-round farmworkers in Sec. 3560.575(a) of the interim
final rule.
Topic: Multiple commenters expressed concern that in some cases
MTFS data will not exist and suggested that the regulations allow
alternative methods for establishing prevailing migrant farmworker
incomes and the amount of income from farmwork.
Response: The Agency agreed with the commenters. Neither the
proposed rule nor the final rule mandated the use of MTFS data. Owners
may utilize other reliable data to establish the average adjusted
monthly household income of migrant farmworker households in the area.
Topic: One commenter stated that 30 percent of a migrant worker's
income is more than a worker can afford for rent because most migrant
workers also have to bear the cost of housing at their home base as
well. This commenter suggested that 20 percent is a more reasonable
portion of a migrant farmworker's income to be used for housing.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's concern and
considered the suggestion. However, the Agency retained 30 percent as
the standard for the amount of income occupants of such housing are
able to pay toward shelter costs in Sec. 3560.574 (c)(1) of the
interim final rule. The Agency retained this standard because it
enables the program to serve more farmworkers with the available funds,
while keeping the amount that tenants must pay for shelter reasonable
by the standard used in many other affordable housing programs, such as
the section 515 program. Further, the Agency retained this standard to
keep it consistent with the standard used in the Agency's section 515
rental housing program.
Topic: One commenter suggested that operating assistance be paid in
a single annual payment, instead of the proposed equal monthly
payments. The commenter observed that during the peak operating season
cash demands are higher and that monthly payments could cause cash flow
problems for properties during the peak season.
Response: The Agency acknowledges the commenter's concern and
considered the suggestion. However, the Agency retained the monthly
payment provision in Sec. 3560.574(c)(3) of the interim final rule.
The Agency acknowledges that cash flow may vary during the year,
however, it believes that these fluctuations should not be a problem
for borrowers operating such projects. Existing projects should be
fiscally sound and have adequate operating reserves to cover any short-
term operating deficiencies. Further, new projects are required to have
a two percent operating reserve to offset any short-term cash
deficiencies.
Topic: One commenter noted that since operating assistance payments
are estimated, there should be a mechanism for adjusting the actual
assistance payments if estimates are incorrect.
Response: The Agency agrees with the commenter's remark. The Agency
notes that the provision for annual adjustments was contained in the
proposed rule at Sec. 1944.182(b)(3) and is included in the interim
final rule. In Sec. 3560.574(a) of the interim final rule, the Agency
established that the amount of operating assistance payments is
determined each year based on the project's budget, and may not exceed
90 percent of the annual operating costs attributable to the migrant
units. The Agency notes that if the payments for the previous year
resulted in a shortfall or a surplus, these circumstances can be
addressed in the budget for the coming year, and consequently in the
operating assistance payment amounts for the coming year.
Regulatory Crosswalk
The following is a crosswalk that shows where the content of the 14
regulations that have been consolidated can be found in 7 CFR part
3560.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Location in:
Topic Previous location -------------------------------------------------
7 CFR part 3560 Handbooks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
General Provisions and Definitions: Numerous Instructions: Subpart A: All Three Handbooks:
Civil rights....................... 7 CFR part 1901, Sec. 3560.2.......... Loan Origination
subpart E. Chapters 1 & 3, Asset
Management Chapter 1,
Project Servicing
Chapter 1.
State, local, or tribal laws....... 7 CFR 1930.105(b)(6); 7 Sec. 3560.5.......... Loan Origination
CFR 1944.53(c)(1); 7 Chapter 1, Asset
CFR Management Chapter 1,
1944.164(e)(2)(ii); 7 Project Servicing
CFR 1944.169(c)(3); 7 Chapter 1.
CFR 1944.224(d).
[[Page 69100]]
Borrower responsibility and 7 CFR 1944.211(b); 7 Sec. 3560.6.......... Loan Origination
requirements. CFR 1930.101; 7 CFR Chapters 3-13, Asset
part 1930, subpart C, Management Chapters 3-
Exhibit B, Para. III. 9, Project Servicing
Chapters 4-15.
Administrator's exception authority 7 CFR 1930.144......... Sec. 3560.8.......... Loan Origination
Chapter 1, Asset
Management Chapter 1,
Project Servicing
Chapter 1.
Definitions........................ All regulations listed Sec. 3560.11......... Loan Origination, Asset
under ``Implementation Management, Project
Proposal''. Servicing, Throughout
all three.
Direct Loan and Grant Origination: 7 CFR Part 1944, Subpart B: Loan Origination:
Subpart E:
Eligible use of funds.............. 7 CFR 1944.212......... Sec. 3560.53......... Loan Origination,
Chapter 4.
Processing Section 515 housing 7 CFR 1944.231......... Sec. 3560.56......... Loan Origination,
proposals. Chapter 4.
Initial operating capital 7 CFR 1944.211(a)(6)... Sec. 3560.64......... Loan Origination,
contribution. Chapter 4.
Reserve account.................... 7 CFR part 1944, Sec. 3560.65......... Loan Origination,
subpart E, Exhibit A- Chapter 4.
9, Para. 10.b.
Participation with other funding or 7 CFR 1944.233......... Sec. 3560.66......... Loan Origination,
financing sources. Chapter 4.
Rates and terms for section 515 7 CFR 1944.214......... Sec. 3560.67......... Loan Origination,
loans. Chapter 5.
Permitted return on investment 7 CFR 1944.215(n)...... Sec. 3560.68......... Loan Origination,
(ROI). Chapter 5.
Supplemental requirements for 7 CFR 1944.224......... Sec. 3560.69......... Loan Origination,
congregate housing and group homes. Chapter 11.
Subsequent loans................... 7 CFR 1944.237......... Sec. 3560.73......... Loan Origination,
Chapter 10.
Borrower Management and Operations 7 CFR Part 1930, Subpart C: Asset Management:
Responsibilities: Subpart C, Exhibit B:
Housing project management......... 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.102........ Asset Management,
subpart C, Exhibit B, Chapter 3.
Para. V.
Maintaining housing projects....... 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.103........ Asset Management,
subpart C, Exhibit B, Chapter 5.
Para. X.
Fair housing....................... 7 CFR 1930.103 and 104, Sec. 3560.104........ Chapter 1 in all 3
7 CFR Part 1930, Handbooks Asset
Subpart C, Exhibit B, Management Chapter 6.
Para. VI.
Insurance and taxes................ 7 CFR part 1930 subpart Sec. 3560.105........ Asset Management
C, Exhibit B, Para. XV. Chapter 3.
Multi-Family Housing Occupancy: 7 CFR Part 1930, Subpart D: Asset Management:
Subpart C, Exhibit B:
Tenant eligibility................. 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.152........ Asset Management
subpart C, Exhibit B, Chapter 6.
Para. VI.
Calculation of household income and 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.153........ Asset Management
assets. subpart C, Exhibit B, Chapter 6.
Para. VII.
Tenant selection................... 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.154........ Asset Management
subpart C, Exhibit B, Chapter 6.
Para. VI.
Assignment of rental units and 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.155........ Asset Management
occupancy policies. subpart C, Exhibit B, Chapter 6.
Para. VI.
Lease requirements................. 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.156........ Asset Management
subpart C, Exhibit B, Chapter 6
Para. VIII.
Occupancy rules.................... 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.157........ Asset Management
subpart C, Exhibit B, Chapter 6.
Para. VIII.
Changes in tenant eligibility...... 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.158........ Asset Management
subpart C, Exhibit B, Chapter 6.
Para. VI.
Termination of occupancy........... 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.159........ Asset Management
subpart C, Exhibit B, Chapter 6.
Para. XIV.
Tenant grievances.................. 7 CFR part 1944, Sec. 3560.160........ Asset Management
subpart L. Chapter 6.
Rents: 7 CFR Part 1930, Subpart E: Asset Management:
Subparts B and C:
Establishing rents and utility 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.202........ Asset Management
allowances. subpart C, Exhibit C. Chapter 7.
Tenant contributions................. 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.203........ Asset Management
subpart C, Exhibit B, Chapter 7.
Para. II.
Security deposits and membership 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.204........ Asset Management
fees. subpart C, Exhibit B, Chapter 7.
Para. VIII H.
Rent and utility allowance changes... 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.205........ Asset Management
subpart C, Exhibit C. Chapter 7.
Rents during eviction or failure to 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.208........ Asset Management
recertify. subpart C, Exhibit B, Chapter 7.
Para. XIV.A.
[[Page 69101]]
Special note rents (SNRs).......... 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.210........ Asset Management
subpart C, Exhibit C, Chapter 7.
Para. IX.
Rental Subsidies: 7 CFR Part 1930, Subpart F: Asset Management:
Subpart C, Exhibit E :
Authorized rental subsidies........ 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.252........ Asset Management
subpart C, Exhibit E, Chapter 8.
Para. II.
Eligibility for rental assistance.. 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.254........ Asset Management
subpart C, Exhibit E, Chapter 8.
Para. II. A.
Rental assistance payments......... 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.256........ Asset Management
subpart C, Exhibit E, Chapter 8.
Para. X.
Assigning rental assistance........ 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.257........ Asset Management
subpart C, Exhibit E, Chapter 8.
Para. XI.
Rental subsidies from non-Agency 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.260........ Asset Management
sources. subpart C, Exhibit B, Chapter 8
Paras. IV. C, D, and E.
Financial Management: 7 CFR Part 1930, Subpart G: Asset Management:
Subpart C, Exhibit B:
Accounting, bookkeeping, budgeting, 7 CFR 1930.122, 7 CFR Sec. 3560.302........ Asset Management
and financial management systems. part 1930, subpart C, Chapter 4.
Exhibit B, Para. XIII.
Housing project budgets............ 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.303........ Asset Management
subpart C, Exhibit B, Chapter 4.
Para. XII.A.
Initial operating capital.......... 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.304........ Asset Management
subpart C, Exhibit B, Chapter 4.
Para. XIII.B.2.a.(1).
Return on investment............... 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.305........ Asset Management
subpart C, Exhibit B, Chapter 4.
Para. XII.A.8.
Reserve account.................... 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.306........ Asset Management
subpart C, Exhibit B, Chapter 4.
Para. XIII.B.2.c.
Annual financial reports........... 7 CFR 1930.122(b)(4); 7 Sec. 3560.308........ Asset Management
CFR part 1930, subpart Chapter 4.
C, Exhibit A-1.
Agency Monitoring: 7 CFR Part 1930, Subpart H: Asset Management:
Subpart C:
Agency monitoring scope, purpose, 7 CFR 1930.109, 110, Sec. 3560.352........ Asset Management
and borrower responsibilities. 113, 117. Chapter 9.
Scheduling of on-site monitoring 7 CFR 1930.119(d)...... Sec. 3560.353........ Asset Management
reviews. Chapter 9
Borrower response to monitoring 7 CFR 1930.119(f)...... Sec. 3560.354........ Asset Management
review notifications. Chapter 9.
Servicing: 7 CFR Part 1951, Subpart I: Project Servicing:
Subpart A and 7 CFR
Part 1965, Subpart B:
Account servicing.................. 7 CFR part 1951, Sec. 3560.403........ Project Servicing
subpart A. Chapter 4.
Final loan payments................ 7 CFR part 1951, Sec. 3560.404........ Project Servicing
subpart D. Chapter 4.
Borrower organizational structure 7 CFR 1965.63.......... Sec. 3560.405........ Project Servicing
or ownership interest changes. Chapter 5.
Multi-family housing ownership 7 CFR 1965.65.......... Sec. 3560.406........ Project Servicing
transfers or sales. Chapter 7
Subordinations or junior liens 7 CFR 1965.83.......... Sec. 3560.409........ Project Servicing
against security property. Chapter 8.
Consolidations..................... 7 CFR 1965.68.......... Sec. 3560.410........ Project Servicing
Chapter 11.
Special Servicing, Enforcement, Numerous Instructions: Subpart J: Project Servicing:
Liquidation, and Other Actions:
Monetary and non-monetary defaults. 7 CFR 1955.15(d)(2).... Sec. 3560.452........ Project Servicing
Chapter 10
Workout agreements................. 7 CFR part 1965, Sec. 3560.453........ Project Servicing
subpart B, Exhibit B. Chapter 10.
Special servicing actions related 7 CFR part 1930, Sec. 3560.454........ Project Servicing
to housing operations. subpart C, Exhibit C, Chapter 10
Para. IX.
Special servicing actions related 7 CFR 1965.85.......... Sec. 3560.455........ Project Servicing
to loan accounts. Chapter 10.
Liquidation........................ 7 CFR part 1955, Sec. 3560.456........ Project Servicing
subpart A. Chapter 12
Negotiated debt settlement......... 7 CFR 1956.57(c)....... Sec. 3560.457........ Project Servicing
Chapter 12.
Management and Disposition of Real 7 CFR Part 1955, Subpart K: Project Servicing:
Estate Owned (REO) Properties: Subparts B and C:
Conversion of single family type 7 CFR 1955.114(c)...... Sec. 3560.506........ Project Servicing
REO property to multi-family Chapter 14.
housing use.
[[Page 69102]]
Off-Farm Labor Housing: 7 CFR Part 1944, Subpart L: Loan Origination:
Subpart D:
Eligibility requirements for off- 7 CFR 1944.157......... Sec. 3560.555........ Loan Origination
farm labor housing loans and Chapter 13.
grants.
Design and construction 7 CFR part 1944, Sec. 3560.559........ Loan Origination
requirements. subpart D, Exhibit A-3. Chapters 3 & 13.
Loan and grant limits.............. 7 CFR 1944.164......... Sec. 3560.562........ Loan Origination
Chapters 5 & 13.
Participation with other funding or 7 CFR 1944.163......... Sec. 3560.565........ Loan Origination
financing sources. Chapters 6 & 12.
Loan and grant rates and terms..... 7 CFR 1944.159......... Sec. 3560.566........ Loan Origination
Chapters 5 & 13.
Supplemental requirements for 7 CFR 1944.163(e)...... Sec. 3560.568........ Loan Origination
seasonal off-farm labor housing. Chapter 13.
Rental assistance.................. 7 CFR 1944.182......... Sec. 3560.573........ Loan Origination
Chapters 4 & 13, Asset
Management Chapter 8.
Occupancy restrictions............. 7 CFR 1944.154......... Sec. 3560.576........ Loan Origination
Chapter 13, Asset
Management Chapter 6.
Tenant priorities for labor housing 7 CFR 1944.154......... Sec. 3560.577........ Loan Origination
Chapter 13, Asset
Management Chapter 6.
On-Farm Labor Housing: 7 CFR Part 1944, Subpart M: Loan Servicing:
Subpart D:
Eligibility requirements........... 7 CFR 1944.157......... Sec. 3560.605........ Loan Origination
Chapter 13.
Site and construction requirements. 7 CFR part 1944, Sec. 3560.608........ Loan Origination
subpart D, Exhibit A-3. Chapters 3 & 13.
Loan limits........................ 7 CFR 1944.164......... Sec. 3560.612........ Loan Origination
Chapters 5 & 13.
Reserve accounts................... 7 CFR part 1944, Sec. 3560.614........ Loan Origination
subpart E, Exhibit A- Chapters 4 & 13.
9, Para. 10.b.
Participation with other funding 7 CFR 1944.163......... Sec. 3560.615........ Loan Origination
sources. Chapters 6 & 13.
Rates and terms.................... 7 CFR 1944.159......... Sec. 3560.616........ Loan Origination
Chapters 5 & 13.
Supplemental requirements for on- 7 CFR 1944.163(e)...... Sec. 3560.618........ Loan Origination
farm labor housing. Chapter 13.
Housing management and operations.. 7 CFR part 1944, Sec. 3560.623........ Loan Origination
subpart D, Exhibit B. Chapters 13, Asset
Management Chapter 3.
Occupancy restrictions............. 7 CFR 1944.154......... Sec. 3560.624........ Loan Origination
Chapters 13, Asset
Management Chapter 6.
Housing Preservation: 7 CFR Part 1965, Subpart N: Project Servicing:
Subpart E:
Prepayment and restrictive-use 7 CFR 1965.208 and 209. Sec. 3560.652........ Project Servicing
categories. Chapter 15.
Prepayment requests................ 7 CFR 1965.205......... Sec. 3560.653........ Project Servicing
Chapter 15.
Tenant notification requirements... 7 CFR 1965.206(b)(5) Sec. 3560.654........ Project Servicing
and (b)(6); 7 CFR Chapter 15.
1965.215(e)(3) and
(f)(2).
Agency requested extension......... 7 CFR 1965.215(f)(2)... Sec. 3560.655........ Project Servicing
Chapter 15.
Incentive offers................... 7 CFR 1965.213......... Sec. 3560.656........ Project Servicing
Chapter 15.
Processing and closing incentive 7 CFR 1965.214......... Sec. 3560.657........ Project Servicing
offers. Chapter 15.
Borrower rejection of incentive 7 CFR 1965.214(b)...... Sec. 3560.658........ Project Servicing
offer. Chapter 15.
Sale or transfer to nonprofit 7 CFR 1965.217......... Sec. 3560.659........ Project Servicing
organizations and public bodies. Chapter 15.
Acceptance of prepayments.......... 7 CFR 1965.215......... Sec. 3560.660........ Project Servicing
Chapter 15.
Unauthorized Assistance: 7 CFR Part 1951, Subpart O: Project Servicing:
Subpart N:
Identification of unauthorized 7 CFR 1951.656......... Sec. 3560.703........ Project Servicing
assistance. Chapter 9.
Unauthorized assistance 7 CFR 1951.657......... Sec. 3560.704........ Project Servicing
determination notice. Chapter 9.
Recapture of unauthorized 7 CFR 1951.658......... Sec. 3560.705........ Project Servicing
assistance. Chapter 9.
Program participation and 7 CFR 1951.658(b)...... Sec. 3560.707........ Project Servicing
corrective actions. Chapter 9.
Unauthorized assistance received by 7 CFR 1951.661(a)(3)... Sec. 3560.708........ Project Servicing
tenants. Chapter 9.
Demand letter...................... 7 CFR 1951.658(c)...... Sec. 3560.709........ Project Servicing
Chapter 9.
Appraisals: 7 CFR Part 1922, Subpart P: Project Servicing:
Subpart B:
Appraisal use, request, review, and 7 CFR 1922.52.......... Sec. 3560.752........ Loan Origination
release. Chapter 7, Project
Servicing Chapter 8.
Agency appraisal standards and 7 CFR part 1922, Sec. 3560.753........ Loan Origination
requirements. subpart B, Exhibit A. Chapter 7, Project
Servicing Chapter 7.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 69103]]
List of Subjects
7 CFR Part 1806
Buildings, Community development, Disaster assistance, Flood
plains, Housing, Insurance, Loan programs--Agriculture, Loan programs--
Housing and community development, Real property insurance, Rural
areas.
7 CFR Part 1822
Loan programs--Housing and community development, Low and moderate
income housing, Mortgages, Nonprofit organizations, Rural housing.
7 CFR Part 1902
Accounting, Banking, Grant programs--Housing and community
development, Loan programs--Agriculture, Loan programs--Housing and
community development.
7 CFR Part 1925
Real property taxes, Taxes.
7 CFR Part 1930
Accounting, Administrative practice and procedure, Grant programs--
Housing and community development, Loan programs--Housing and community
development, Low and moderate income housing, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements.
7 CFR Part 1940
Administrative practice and procedure, Agriculture, Allocations,
Grant programs--Housing and community development, Loan programs--
Agriculture, Rural areas
7 CFR Part 1942
Community development, Community facilities, Loan programs--
Housingand community development, Loan security, Rural areas, Waste
treatment and disposal--Domestic, Water supply--Domestic.
7 CFR Part 1944
Administrative practice and procedure, Aged, Farm labor housing,
Grant programs--Housing and community development, Handicapped, Home
improvement, Loan programs--Housing and community development, Low and
moderate income housing--Rental, Migrant labor, Mobile homes,
Mortgages, Nonprofit organizations, Public housing, Rent subsidies,
Reporting requirements, Rural housing, Subsidies.
7 CFR Part 1951
Accounting, Accounting servicing, Credit, Debt restructuring, Grant
programs--Housing and community development, Loan programs--
Agriculture, Loan programs--Housing and community development, Low and
moderate income housing loans--Servicing, Mortgages, Rent subsidies,
Reporting requirements, Rural areas.
7 CFR Part 1955
Foreclosure, Government acquired property, Government property
management.
7 CFR Part 1956
Accounting, Loan programs--Agriculture, Rural areas.
7 CFR Part 1965
Administrative practice and procedure.
7 CFR Part 3560
Accounting, Administrative practice and procedure, Aged, Conflict
of interests, Government property management, Grant programs--Housing
and community development, Insurance, Loan programs--Agriculture, Loan
programs--Housing and community development, Low and moderate income
housing, Migrant labor, Mortgages, Nonprofit organizations, Public
housing, Rent subsidies, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements,
Rural areas.
7 CFR Part 3565
Banks, Civil rights, Credit, Guaranteed loans, Low and moderate
income housing, Mortgages.
0
Therefore, Chapters XVIII and XXXV, title 7, Code of Federal
Regulations are amended as follows:
Chapter XVIII--[Amended]
PART 1806--INSURANCE
0
1. The authority citation for part 1806 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 75 U.S.C. 301; 7 U.S.C. 1989; 42 U.S.C. 1480.
Subpart A--Real Property Insurance
Sec. 1806.4 [Amended]
0
2. Section 1806.4 is amended in the introductory text of paragraph
(a)(2) by removing the sentence after the paragraph heading.
Subpart B--National Flood Insurance
0
3. Section 1806.21 is amended in paragraph (a) by adding a sentence at
the end of the paragraph to read as follows:
Sec. 1806.21 General.
(a) * * * This subpart does not apply to the Rural Rental Housing,
Rural Cooperative Housing, or Farm Labor Housing programs of the Rural
Housing Service.
* * * * *
PART 1822--RURAL HOUSING LOANS AND GRANTS
0
4. The authority citation for part 1822 is revised to read as follows:
Authority: 5 U.S.C. 301; 42 U.S.C. 1480.
Subpart G--Rural Housing Site Loan Policies, Procedures, and
Authorizations
Sec. 1822.271 [Amended]
0
5. Section 1822.271 is amended:
0
a. In the table in paragraph (e) by removing the entire entry for
``Form FmHA or its successor agency under Public Law 103-354 1944-50''
and by revising the form number ``1944-51'' to read ``3560-51'' in the
last entry of the table.
0
b. In paragraph (g), in the second sentence of the introductory text,
by removing the words ``and submit to the FmHA or its successor agency
under Public Law 103-354 Finance Office through field office terminals
that information contained in Form FmHA or its successor agency under
Public Law 103-354 1944-50, `Multiple Family Housing Borrower/Project
Characteristics.' ''
0
c. By revising paragraph (d)(1) to read as follows:
Sec. 1822.271 Processing applications.
* * * * *
(d) * * *
(1) Request for obligation of funds and fund analysis. Form RD
3560-51, ``Multiple Family Housing Obligation Fund Analysis'' will be
completed in accordance with the Forms Manual Insert (FMI).
* * * * *
0
6. Section 1822.272 is revised to read as follows:
Sec. 1822.272 Approval or disapproval of a loan.
The provisions of 7 CFR part 3560, subpart B will be followed.
0
7. Section 1822.273 is revised to read as follows:
Sec. 1822.273 Actions subsequent to loan approval.
After the loan is approved, actions to be taken will be in
accordance with 7 CFR part 3560, subpart B.
Sec. 1822.274 [Amended]
0
8. Section 1822.274 is amended by revising the words ``Form FmHA or its
successor agency under Public Law 103-354 1944-52'' to read ``Form RD
3560-52'' in both the introductory text of paragraph (c) and in
paragraph (c)(2), and by revising the words ``Form FmHA or its
successor agency under Public Law
[[Page 69104]]
103-354 1944-51'' to read ``Form RD 3560-51'' in paragraph (c)(1).
Sec. 1822.277 [Amended]
0
9. Section 1822.277 is amended by revising the words ``Sec. 1944.239
of part 1944, subpart E of this chapter'' to read ``7 CFR 3560.2.''
Sec. 1822.278 [Amended]
0
10. Section 1822.278 is amended in paragraph (f) by revising the words
``Form FmHA or its successor agency under Public Law 103-354 1944-52''
to read ``Form RD 3560-52.''
0
11. Section 1822.279 is revised to read as follows:
Sec. 1822.279 Loan supervision and servicing.
Loan supervision and loan servicing will be provided according to 7
CFR part 3560.
PART 1902--SUPERVISED BANK ACCOUNTS
0
12. The authority citation for part 1902 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 5 U.S.C. 301; 7 U.S.C. 1989; 7 U.S.C. 6991, et seq.;
42 U.S.C. 1480; Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1953 (5 U.S.C. App.).
Subpart A--Disbursement of Loan, Grant, and Other Funds
Sec. 1902.1 [Amended]
0
13. Section 1902.1 is amended in paragraph (a) by revising the words
``Form FmHA or its successor agency under Public Law 103-354 1944-51''
to read ``Form RD 3560-51'' in both places.
Sec. 1902.2 [Amended]
0
14. Section 1902.2 is amended in paragraph (d) by revising the words
``Form FmHA or its successor agency under Public Law 103-354 1944-51''
to read ``Form RD 3560-51'' and in paragraph (e) by revising the words
``Form FmHA or its successor agency under Public Law 103-354 1944-53''
to read ``Form RD 3560-53.''
Sec. 1902.4 [Amended]
0
15. Section 1902.4 is amended:
0
a. In paragraph (a)(4) by revising the words ``subpart C of part 1930
of this chapter'' to read ``7 CFR part 3560, subpart G.''
0
b. In paragraph (a)(5) by revising the words ``subpart C of part 1930
of this chapter'' to read ``7 CFR part 3560, subpart G.''
0
c. In paragraph (a)(6) by revising the words ``subpart C of part 1930
of this chapter'' to read ``7 CFR part 3560, subpart G.''
PART 1925--TAXES
0
16. The authority citation for part 1925 is revised to read as follows:
Authority: 5 U.S.C. 301; 7 U.S.C. 1989; 42 U.S.C. 1480.
Subpart A--Real Estate Tax Servicing
0
17. Section 1925.3 is amended by revising the last sentence in
paragraph (c) to read as follows:
Sec. 1925.3 Servicing taxes.
* * * * *
(c) * * * The Multi-Family Housing Information System (MFIS) will
be used in posting servicing actions on delinquent taxes.
PART 1930--GENERAL
0
18. The authority citation for part 1930 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 5 U.S.C. 301; 7 U.S.C. 1989; 16 U.S.C. 1005.
Subpart C--Management and Supervision of Multiple Family Housing
Borrowers and Grant Recipients
0
19. Subpart C (Sec. Sec. 1930.1930.101 through 1930.150 and all
exhibits) is removed and reserved.
PART 1940--GENERAL
0
20. The authority citation for part 1940 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 5 U.S.C. 301; 7 U.S.C. 1989; 42 U.S.C. 1480.
Subpart L--Methodology and Formulas for Allocation of Loan and
Grant Program Funds
0
21. Exhibit B to subpart L of part 1940 is amended by revising
paragraphs IV., VII.A., and VII.F. to read as follows:
Exhibit B to Subpart L of Part 1940--Section 515 Nonprofit Set Aside
(NPSA)
* * * * *
IV. Nondiscrimination. Rural Development reemphasizes the
nondiscrimination in use and occupancy and location requirements of
7 CFR 3560.104.
* * * * *
VII. * * *
A. Preapplications/applications for assistance from eligible
nonprofit entities under this subpart must continue to meet all loan
making requirements of 7 CFR part 3560, subpart B.
* * * * *
F. Provisions for providing preference to loan requests from
nonprofit organizations is contained in 7 CFR 3560.56. Limited
partnerships, with a nonprofit general partner, do not qualify for
nonprofit preference.
* * * * *
PART 1942--ASSOCIATIONS
0
22. The authority citation for part 1942 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 5 U.S.C. 301; 7 U.S.C. 1989.
Subpart A--Community Facility Loans
Sec. 1942.17 [Amended]
0
23. Section 1942.17 is amended by removing paragraph (q)(1)(iii) and
redesignating paragraph (q)(1)(iv) as (q)(1)(iii).
PART 1944--HOUSING
0
24. The authority citation for part 1944 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 5 U.S.C. 301; 42 U.S.C. 1480.
Subpart B--Housing Application Packaging Grants
0
25. Exhibit B to subpart B of part 1944 is amended by revising
paragraph II.(B)(4) to read as follows:
Exhibit B to Subpart B of Part 1944--Housing Application Packaging
Grant (HAPG) Fee Processing
* * * * *
II. * * *
(B) * * *
(4) The 55 percent balance paid when the loan is approved. Funds
for this 55 percent will be drawn from loan funds in accordance with
7 CFR 3560.53 (o).
* * * * *
0
26. Exhibit C to subpart B of part 1944 is revised to read as follows:
Exhibit C to Subpart B of Part 1944--Requirements for Housing
Application Packages
A package will consist of the following requirements for the
respective program.
A. Section 502--Complete application packages will be submitted
in accordance with the requirements of 7 CFR part 3550. The package
must also include the following:
Form RD 410-9--``Statement Required by the Privacy Act''
Form RD 1910-11--``Applicant Certification Federal Collection
Policies for Consumer or Commercial Debts''
Form RD 1944-3--``Budget and/or Financial Statement''
B. Section 504--Complete application packages will be submitted
in accordance with 7 CFR part 3550. The package must include the
forms listed in paragraph A. of this exhibit and the following:
The appropriate Agency application form for Rural Housing
assistance (non-farm tract) (available in any Rural Development
office).
The appropriate Agency form to request verification of
employment (available in any Rural Development office).
[[Page 69105]]
The appropriate Agency Rural Housing Loan application package
(available in any Rural Development office).
Evidence of ownership in accordance with 7 CFR part 3550.
Cost estimates or bid prices for removal of health or safety
hazards in accordance with 7 CFR part 3550.
C. Section 514/516--Complete application packages will be
submitted in accordance with the Notice of Funding Availability that
will be published in the Federal Register each Fiscal Year.
D. Section 515--Complete application packages will be submitted
in accordance with the Notice of Funding Availability that will be
published in the Federal Register each Fiscal Year.
E. Section 524--Complete application packages will be submitted
in accordance with Sec. 1822.271(a) of subpart G of part 1822 of
this chapter (paragraph XI.A. of RD Instruction 444.8). After Rural
Development's review and as instructed, the application should be
completed in accordance with Sec. 1822.271(c) of subpart G of part
1822 of this chapter (paragraph XI.C. of RD Instruction 444.8).
F. Section 533--Complete application packages will be submitted
in accordance with the requirements of subpart N of part 1944 of
this chapter.
Subpart D--Farm Labor Housing Loan and Grant Policies, Procedures,
and Authorizations
0
27. Subpart D (Sec. Sec. 1944.151 through 1944.200 and all exhibits)
is removed and reserved.
Subpart E--Rural Rental and Rural Cooperative Housing Loan
Policies, Procedures, and Authorizations
0
28. Subpart E (Sec. Sec. 1944.201 through 1944.250 and all exhibits)
is removed and reserved.
Subpart I--Self-Help Technical Assistance Grants
Exhibit F to Subpart I of Part 1944 [Amended]
0
29. Exhibit F to subpart I of part 1944 is amended in paragraph VII by
revising the words ``Form FmHA or its successor agency under Public Law
103-354 1944-51'' to read ``Form RD 3560-51.''
Subpart L--Farmers Home Administration or Its Successor Agency
Under Public Law 103-354 Tenant Grievance and Appeals Procedure
30. Subpart L (Sec. Sec. 1944.551 through 1944.600 and all
exhibits) is removed and reserved.
Subpart N--Housing Preservation Grants
0
31. Section 1944.656 is amended by revising the definition of
``Overcrowding'' to read as follows:
Sec. 1944.656 Definitions.
* * * * *
Overcrowding. Guidance is provided at 7 CFR 3560.155(e). These
guidelines should result in an ideal range of persons per housing unit.
* * * * *
PART 1951--SERVICING AND COLLECTIONS
0
32. The authority citation for part 1951 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 5 U.S.C. 301; 7 U.S.C. 1932 Note; 7 U.S.C. 1989; 31
U.S.C. 3716; 42 U.S.C. 1480.
Subpart A--Account Servicing Policies
Sec. 1951.1 [Amended]
0
33. Section 1951.1 is amended by revising the words ``subpart K of part
1951 of this chapter'' to read ``7 CFR part 3560, subpart I.''
Subpart D--Final Payment on Loans
0
34. Section 1951.151 is amended by revising the last sentence to read
as follows:
Sec. 1951.151 Purpose.
* * * This subpart does not apply to direct single family housing
customers or to the Rural Rental Housing, Rural Cooperative Housing, or
Farm Labor Housing programs of the RHS.
Subpart E--Servicing the Community and Direct Business Programs
Loans and Grants
Sec. 1951.220 [Amended]
0
35. Section 1951.220 is amended:
0
a. In the last sentence of paragraph (f) by revising the words ``noted
on Form FmHA or its successor agency under Public Law 103-354 1905-10
`Management System Card--Association' '' to read ``tracked in the
Multi-Family Housing Information System (MFIS).''
0
b. In the last sentence of paragraph (g) by revising the words ``on
Form FmHA or its successor agency under Public Law 103-354 1905-10'' to
read ``in MFIS.''
Sec. 1951.223 [Amended]
0
36. Section 1951.223 is amended in paragraph (b)(4) by revising the
words ``Form FmHA or its successor agency under Public Law 103-354
1951-33'' to read ``Form RD 3560-15'' and in paragraph (c)(3) by
revising the words ``Form FmHA or its successor agency under Public Law
103-354 1951-33'' to read ``Form RD 3560-15.''
Subpart F--Analyzing Credit Needs and Graduation of Borrowers
0
37. Section 1951.266 is revised to read as follows:
Sec. 1951.266 Special requirements for MFH borrowers.
All requirements of 7 CFR part 3560, subpart K must be met prior to
graduation and acceptance of the full payment from an MFH borrower.
Subpart K--Predetermined Amortization Schedule System (PASS)
Account Servicing
0
38. Subpart K (Sec. Sec. 1951.501 through 1951.550) is removed and
reserved.
Subpart N--Servicing Cases Where Unauthorized Loan or Other
Financial Assistance Was Received--Multiple Family Housing
0
39. Subpart N (Sec. Sec. 1951.651 through 1951.700) is removed and
reserved.
PART 1955--PROPERTY MANAGEMENT
0
40. The authority citation for part 1955 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 5 U.S.C. 301; 7 U.S.C. 1989; 42 U.S.C. 1480.
Subpart A--Liquidation of Loans Secured by Real Estate and
Acquisition of Real and Chattel Property
0
41. Section 1955.1 is amended by adding a sentence at the end to read
as follows:
Sec. 1955.1 Purpose.
* * * This subpart does not apply to the Rural Rental Housing,
Rural Cooperative Housing, or Farm Labor Housing programs of RHS.
0
42. Section 1955.10 is amended by revising paragraph (d)(9) and in
paragraph (h)(6) by removing the fifth sentence and by revising the
last two sentences to read as follows:
Sec. 1955.10 Voluntary conveyance of real property by the borrower to
the Government.
* * * * *
(d) * * *
(9) For MFH loans, assignment of Housing Assistance Payments (HAP)
Contracts will be obtained. Rental Assistance will be retained until
the State Director is advised by OGC that
[[Page 69106]]
the Agency has title to the property. After a voluntary conveyance, the
Agency may transfer Rental Assistance in accordance with 7 CFR part
3560, subpart F.
* * * * *
(h) * * *
(6) * * * If the project is to be removed from the Rural
Development program, a minimum of 180 days' notice to the tenants is
required. Letters of Priority Entitlement must be made available to any
tenants that will be displaced.
* * * * *
0
43. Section 1955.15 is amended in paragraph (d)(2)(v) by removing the
fifth sentence and by revising the first and last sentences to read as
follows:
Sec. 1955.15 Foreclosure by the Government of loans secured by real
estate.
* * * * *
(d) * * *
(2) * * *
(v) For MFH loans, the acceleration notice will advise the borrower
of all applicable prepayment requirements, in accordance with 7 CFR
part 3560, subpart N. * * * Letters of Priority Entitlement must be
made available.
* * * * *
Subpart B--Management of Property
0
44. Section 1955.51 is amended in the introductory text by adding a
sentence after the third sentence to read as follows:
Sec. 1955.51 Purpose.
* * * This subpart does not apply to the Rural Rental Housing,
Rural Cooperative Housing, or Farm Labor Housing programs of RHS. * * *
* * * * *
0
45. Section 1955.55 is amended in paragraph (b)(2)(i) by revising the
words ``Subpart C of Part 1930 of this chapter'' to read ``7 CFR part
3560'' and in paragraph (a) by revising the first sentence to read as
follows:
Sec. 1955.55 Taking abandoned real or chattel property into custody
and related actions.
(a) * * * (Multi-family housing type loans will be handled in
accordance with 7 CFR part 3560, subpart J.) * * *
* * * * *
Sec. 1955.61 [Amended]
0
46. Section 1955.61 is amended by revising the words ``Subpart L of
Part 1944 of this chapter'' to read ``7 CFR part 3560, subpart D.''
0
47. Section 1955.65 is amended in paragraph (c)(1) by removing the
fourth sentence and by revising the sixth sentence to read as follows:
Sec. 1955.65 Management of inventory and/or custodial real property.
* * * * *
(c) * * *
(1) * * * For MFH projects, tenant occupancy and selection will be
in accordance with the occupancy standards set forth in 7 CFR part
3560, subpart D. * * *
* * * * *
Sec. 1955.66 [Amended]
0
48. Section 1955.66 is amended in paragraph (a)(2)(ii) by revising the
words ``subpart C of part 1930 of this chapter'' to read ``7 CFR part
3560.''
Subpart C--Disposal of Inventory Property
Sec. 1955.101 [Amended]
0
49. Section 1955.101 is amended by adding the words ``or to the Rural
Rental Housing, Rural Cooperative Housing, and Farm Labor Housing
programs'' to the end of the last sentence.
Sec. 1955.114 [Amended]
0
50. Section 1955.114 is amended:
0
a. In paragraph (b) by revising the words ``subpart E of part 1965 of
this chapter'' to read ``7 CFR part 3560, subpart N.''
0
b. In paragraph (c)(3) by revising the words ``the information outlined
in Exhibit A-7 of subpart E of part 1944 of this chapter'' to read
``documentation as required by the Agency.''
0
c. In paragraph (c)(4) by revising the words ``subpart E of part 1944
of this chapter'' to read ``7 CFR part 3560.''
0
d. In paragraph (c)(5) by revising the words ``the definition of
`project' set forth in subpart E of part 1944 of this chapter'' to read
``the requirements of 7 CFR part 3560, subpart K.''
Sec. 1955.115 [Amended]
0
51. Section 1955.115 is amended in paragraph (b) by revising the words
``subpart E of part 1965 of this chapter'' to read ``7 CFR part 3560,
subpart N.''
Sec. 1955.117 [Amended]
0
52. Section 1955.117 is amended in paragraph (c) by revising the words
``FmHA or its successor agency under Public Law 103-354 1944-51'' to
read ``RD 3560-51.''
Sec. 1955.118 [Amended]
0
53. Section 1955.118 is amended in paragraph (b)(3) by revising the
words ``Form FmHA or its successor agency under Public Law 103-354
1944-51'' to read ``Form RD 3560-51.''
Sec. 1955.141 [Amended]
0
54. Section 1955.141 is amended:
0
a. In paragraph (d) by revising the words ``Exhibit C of Subpart C of
Part 1930 of this chapter'' to read ``7 CFR part 3560, subpart E.''
0
b. In paragraph (e) by revising the words ``Exhibit E of subpart C of
part 1930 of this chapter'' to read ``7 CFR part 3560, subpart F.''
PART 1956--DEBT SETTLEMENT
0
55. The authority citation for part 1956 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 5 U.S.C. 301; 7 U.S.C. 1989; 31 U.S.C. 3711; 42
U.S.C. 1480.
Subpart B--Debt Settlement--Farm Loan Programs and Multi-Family
Housing
0
56. Section 1956.51 is amended by revising the last sentence to read as
follows:
Sec. 1956.51 Purpose.
* * * This subpart does not apply to RHS direct Single Family
Housing (SFH) loans, RHS NP loans secured by SFH property, or to the
Rural Rental Housing, Rural Cooperative Housing, and Farm Labor Housing
programs.
Sec. 1956.85 [Amended]
0
57. Section 1956.85 is amended in paragraph (b)(1) by removing the
words ``on Form FmHA or its successor agency under Public Law 103-354
1944-9, ``Multiple Family Housing Payment Transmittal,''.''
Subpart C--Debt Settlement--Community and Business Programs
Sec. 1956.143 [Amended]
0
58. Section 1956.143 is amended in paragraph (c)(3)(iv)(G)(1) by
revising the words ``Form FmHA or its successor agency under Public Law
103-354 1951-33'' to read ``Form RD 3560-15.''
PART 1965--REAL PROPERTY
Subpart B--Security Servicing for Multiple Housing Loans
0
59. Subpart B (Sec. Sec. 1965.51 through 1965.100) is removed and
reserved.
Subpart E--Prepayment and Displacement Prevention of Multi-Family
Housing Loans
0
60. Subpart E (Sec. Sec. 1965.201 through 1965.250 and all exhibits)
is removed and reserved.
Chapter XXXV--[Amended]
0
61. Part 3560, consisting of subparts A through P, is added to read as
follows:
[[Page 69107]]
PART 3560--DIRECT MULTI-FAMILY HOUSING LOANS AND GRANTS
Subpart A--General Provisions and Definitions
Sec.
3560.1 Applicability and purpose.
3560.2 Civil rights.
3560.3 Environmental requirements.
3560.4 Compliance with other Federal requirements.
3560.5 State, local or tribal laws.
3560.6 Borrower responsibility and requirements.
3560.7 Delegation of responsibility.
3560.8 Administrator's exception authority.
3560.9 Reviews and appeals.
3560.10 Conflict of interest.
3560.11 Definitions.
3560.12-3560.49 [Reserved]
3560.50 OMB control number.
Subpart B--Direct Loan and Grant Origination
3560.51 General.
3560.52 Program objectives.
3560.53 Eligible use of funds.
3560.54 Restrictions on the use of funds.
3560.55 Applicant eligibility requirements.
3560.56 Processing section 515 housing proposals.
3560.57 Designated places for section 515 housing.
3560.58 Site requirements.
3560.59 Environmental requirements.
3560.60 Design requirements.
3560.61 Loan security.
3560.62 Technical, legal, insurance, and other services.
3560.63 Loan limits.
3560.64 Initial operating capital contribution.
3560.65 Reserve account.
3560.66 Participation with other funding or financing sources.
3560.67 Rates and terms for section 515 loans.
3560.68 Permitted return on investment (ROI).
3560.69 Supplemental requirements for congregate housing and group
homes.
3560.70 Supplemental requirements for manufactured housing.
3560.71 Construction financing.
3560.72 Loan closing.
3560.73 Subsequent loans.
3560.74 Loan for final payments.
3560.75-3560.99 [Reserved]
3560.100 OMB control number.
Subpart C--Borrower Management and Operations Responsibilities
3560.101 General.
3560.102 Housing project management.
3560.103 Maintaining housing projects.
3560.104 Fair housing.
3560.105 Insurance and taxes.
3560.106-3560.149 [Reserved]
3560.150 OMB control number.
Subpart D--Multi-Family Housing Occupancy
3560.151 General.
3560.152 Tenant eligibility.
3560.153 Calculation of household income and assets.
3560.154 Tenant selection.
3560.155 Assignment of rental units and occupancy policies.
3560.156 Lease requirements.
3560.157 Occupancy rules.
3560.158 Changes in tenant eligibility.
3560.159 Termination of occupancy.
3560.160 Tenant grievances.
3560.161-3560.199 [Reserved]
3560.200 OMB control number.
Subpart E--Rents
3560.201 General.
3560.202 Establishing rents and utility allowances.
3560.203 Tenant contributions.
3560.204 Security deposits and membership fees.
3560.205 Rent and utility allowance changes.
3560.206 Conversion to Plan II (Interest Credit).
3560.207 Annual adjustment factors for Section 8 units.
3560.208 Rents during eviction or failure to recertify.
3560.209 Rent collection.
3560.210 Special note rents (SNRs).
3560.211-3560.249 [Reserved]
3560.250 OMB control number.
Subpart F--Rental Subsidies
3560.251 General.
3560.252 Authorized rental subsidies.
3560.253 [Reserved]
3560.254 Eligibility for rental assistance.
3560.255 Requesting rental assistance.
3560.256 Rental assistance payments.
3560.257 Assigning rental assistance.
3560.258 Terms of agreement.
3560.259 Transferring rental assistance.
3560.260 Rental subsidies from non-Agency sources.
3560.261 Improperly advanced rental assistance.
3560.262-3560.299 [Reserved]
3560.300 OMB control number.
Subpart G--Financial Management
3560.301 General.
3560.302 Accounting, bookkeeping, budgeting, and financial
management systems.
3560.303 Housing project budgets.
3560.304 Initial operating capital.
3560.305 Return on investment.
3560.306 Reserve account.
3560.307 Reports.
3650.308 Annual financial reports.
3560.309 Advancement (loan) of funds to a RRH project by the owner,
member of the organization, or agent of the owner.
3560.310-3560.349 [Reserved]
3560.350 OMB control number.
Subpart H--Agency Monitoring
3560.351 General.
3560.352 Agency monitoring scope, purpose, and borrower
responsibilities.
3560.353 Scheduling of on-site monitoring reviews.
3560.354 Borrower response to monitoring review notifications.
3560.355-3560.399 [Reserved]
3560.400 OMB control number.
Subpart I--Servicing
3560.401 General.
3560.402 Loan payment processing.
3560.403 Account servicing.
3560.404 Final loan payments.
3560.405 Borrower organizational structure or ownership interest
changes.
3560.406 MFH ownership transfers or sales.
3560.407 Sales or other disposition of security property.
3560.408 Lease of security property.
3560.409 Subordinations or junior liens against security property.
3560.410 Consolidations.
3560.411-3560.449 [Reserved]
3560.450 OMB control number.
Subpart J--Special Servicing, Enforcement, Liquidation, and Other
Actions
3560.451 General.
3560.452 Monetary and non-monetary defaults.
3560.453 Workout agreements.
3560.454 Special servicing actions related to housing operations.
3560.455 Special servicing actions related to loan accounts.
3560.456 Liquidation.
3560.457 Negotiated debt settlement.
3560.458 Special property circumstances.
3560.459 Special borrower circumstances.
3560.460 Double damages.
3560.461 Enforcement provisions.
3560.462 Money laundering.
3560.463 Obstruction of Federal audits.
3560.464-3560.499 [Reserved]
3560.500 OMB control number.
Subpart K--Management and Disposition of Real Estate Owned (REO)
Properties
3560.501 General.
3560.502 Tenant notifications and assistance.
3560.503 Disposition of REO property.
3560.504 Sales price and bidding process.
3560.505 Agency loans to finance purchases of REO properties.
3560.506 Conversion of single family type REO property to MFH use.
3560.507-3560.549 [Reserved]
3560.550 OMB control number.
Subpart L--Off-Farm Labor Housing
3560.551 General.
3560.552 Program objectives.
3560.553 Loan and grant purposes.
3560.554 Use of funds restrictions.
3560.555 Eligibility requirements for off-farm labor housing loans
and grants.
3560.556 Application requirements and processing.
3560.557 [Reserved]
3560.558 Site requirements.
3560.559 Design and construction requirements.
3560.560 Security.
3560.561 Technical, legal, insurance and other services.
3560.562 Loan and grant limits.
3560.563 Initial operating capital.
3560.564 Reserve accounts.
3560.565 Participation with other funding or financing sources.
3560.566 Loan and grant rates and terms.
3560.567 Establishing the profit base on initial investment.
[[Page 69108]]
3560.568 Supplemental requirements for seasonal off-farm labor
housing.
3560.569 Supplemental requirements for manufactured housing.
3560.570 Construction financing.
3560.571 Loan and grant closing.
3560.572 Subsequent loans.
3560.573 Rental assistance.
3560.574 Operating assistance.
3560.575 Rental structure and changes.
3560.576 Occupancy restrictions.
3560.577 Tenant priorities for labor housing.
3560.578 Financial management of labor housing.
3560.579 Servicing off-farm labor housing.
3560.580-3560.599 [Reserved]
3560.600 OMB control number.
Subpart M--On-Farm Labor Housing
3560.601 General.
3560.602 Program objectives.
3560.603 Loan purposes.
3560.604 Restrictions on use of funds.
3560.605 Eligibility requirements.
3560.606 Application requirements and processing.
3560.607 [Reserved]
3560.608 Site and construction requirements.
3560.609 [Reserved]
3560.610 Security.
3560.611 Technical, legal, insurance and other services.
3560.612 Loan limits.
3560.613 [Reserved]
3560.614 Reserve accounts.
3560.615 Participation with other funding sources.
3560.616 Rates and terms.
3560.617 [Reserved]
3560.618 Supplemental requirements for on-farm labor housing.
3560.619 Supplemental requirements for manufactured housing.
3560.620 Construction financing.
3560.621 Loan closing.
3560.622 Subsequent loans.
3560.623 Housing management and operations.
3560.624 Occupancy restrictions.
3560.625 Maintaining the physical asset.
3560.626 Affirmative Fair Housing Marketing Plan.
3560.627 Response to resident complaints.
3560.628 Establishing and modifying rental charges.
3560.629 Security deposits.
3560.630 Financial management.
3560.631 Agency monitoring.
3560.632-3560.649 [Reserved]
3560.650 OMB control number.
Subpart N--Housing Preservation
3560.651 General.
3560.652 Prepayment and restrictive-use categories.
3560.653 Prepayment requests.
3560.654 Tenant notification requirements.
3560.655 Agency requested extension.
3560.656 Incentives offers.
3560.657 Processing and closing incentive offers.
3560.658 Borrower rejection of the incentive offer.
3560.659 Sale or transfer to nonprofit organizations and public
bodies.
3560.660 Acceptance of prepayments.
3560.661 Sale or transfers.
3560.662 Restrictive-use provisions and agreements.
3560.663 Post-payment responsibilities for loans subject to
continued restrictive-use provisions.
3560.664-3560.699 [Reserved]
3560.700 OMB control number.
Subpart O--Unauthorized Assistance
3560.701 General.
3560.702 Unauthorized assistance sources and situations.
3560.703 Identification of unauthorized assistance.
3560.704 Unauthorized assistance determination notice.
3560.705 Recapture of unauthorized assistance.
3560.706 Offsets.
3560.707 Program participation and corrective actions.
3560.708 Unauthorized assistance received by tenants.
3560.709 Demand letter.
3560.710-3560.749 [Reserved]
3560.750 OMB control number.
Subpart P--Appraisals
3560.751 General.
3560.752 Appraisal use, request, review, and release.
3560.753 Agency appraisal standards and requirements.
3560.754-3560.799 [Reserved]
3560.800 OMB control number.
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 1480.
Subpart A--General Provisions and Definitions
Sec. 3560.1 Applicability and purpose.
(a) This part sets forth requirements, policies, and procedures for
multi-family housing (MFH) direct loan and grant programs to serve
eligible very-low, low- and moderate income households. The programs
covered by this part are authorized by title V of the Housing Act of
1949 and are:
(1) Section 515 Rural Rental Housing, which includes congregate
housing, group homes, and Rural Cooperative Housing. Section 515 loans
may be made to finance multi-family units in rural areas as defined in
Sec. 3560.11.
(2) Sections 514 and 516 Farm Labor Housing loans and grants.
Housing under these programs may be built in any area with a need and
demand for housing for farm workers.
(3) Section 521 Rental Assistance. A project-based tenant rent
subsidy which may be provided to Rural Rental Housing and Farm Labor
Housing facilities.
(b) The programs covered by this part provide economically designed
and constructed rural rental, cooperative, and farm labor housing and
related facilities operated and managed in an affordable, decent, safe,
and sanitary manner.
(c) Internal Agency procedures containing details for Agency
processing under these regulations can be found in the program
handbooks, available in any Rural Development office, or from the Rural
Development Web site.
Sec. 3560.2 Civil rights.
(a) As per the Fair Housing Act, as amended and section 504 of the
Rehabilitation Act of 1973, all actions taken by recipients of loans
and grants will be conducted without regard to race, color, religion,
sex, familial status, national origin, age, or disability. These
actions include any actions in the sale, rental, or advertising of the
dwellings, in the provision of brokerage services, or in residential
real estate transactions involving Rural Housing Service (RHS)
assistance. It is unlawful for a borrower or grantee or an agent of a
borrower or grantee:
(1) To refuse to make reasonable accommodations in rules, policies,
practices, or services that would provide a person with a disability an
opportunity to use or continue to use a dwelling unit and all public
and common use areas; or
(2) To refuse to provide a reasonable accommodation at the
borrower's expense that would not cause an undue financial or
administrative burden, or to refuse to allow an individual with a
disability to make reasonable modifications to the unit at their own
expense with the understanding that the owner may require the tenant to
return the unit to its original condition when the unit is vacated by
the tenant making the modifications (see Sec. 3560.104(c)).
(b) Borrowers and grantees must take reasonable steps to ensure
that Limited English Proficiency (LEP) persons receive the language
assistance necessary to afford them meaningful access to USDA programs
and activities, free of charge. Failure to ensure that LEP persons can
effectively participate in or benefit from federally-assisted programs
and activities may violate the prohibition under Title VI of the Civil
Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. 2000d and Title VI regulations against
national origin discrimination. USDA has issued guidance to clarify the
responsibilities of recipients and subrecipients who receive financial
assistance from USDA and to assist them in fulfilling their
responsibilities to LEP persons under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act,
as amended, and implementing regulations.
(c) Any tenant/member or prospective tenant seeking occupancy in or
use of facilities financed by the Agency who
[[Page 69109]]
believes he or she is being discriminated against because of race,
color, religion, sex, familial status, national origin, or disability
may file a complaint in person with, or by mail to the U. S. Department
of Agriculture's Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building,
14th and Independence Avenue, Washington, DC 20410. Complaints received
by Agency employees must be directed to the National Office Civil
Rights staff through the State Civil Rights Manager/Coordinator.
(d) Borrowers or grantees that fail to comply with the requirements
of federal civil rights requirements are subject to sanctions
authorized by law. The following are the major civil rights laws
affecting multifamily housing loan and grant programs:
(1) Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA).
(2) Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
(3) Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968.
(4) Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973.
(5) Age Discrimination Act of 1975.
(6) Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972.
Sec. 3560.3 Environmental requirements.
RHS will consider environmental impacts of proposed housing as
equal with economic, social, and other factors. By working with
applicants, Federal agencies, Indian tribes, state and local
governments, interested citizens, and organizations, RHS will formulate
actions that advance program goals in a manner that protects, enhances,
and restores environmental quality. Loan and grant processing and
servicing actions taken by RHS under this part are subject to an
environmental review conducted in accordance with 7 CFR part 1940,
subpart G or any successor regulation.
Sec. 3560.4 Compliance with other Federal requirements.
RHS is responsible for ensuring that the application is in
compliance with all applicable Federal requirements, including the
following specific requirements:
(a) Intergovernmental review. 7 CFR part 3015, subpart V, or any
successor regulation, including the Agency supplemental administrative
instruction, RD Instruction 1940-J, available in any Rural Development
office.
(b) National flood insurance. The National Flood Insurance Act of
1968, as amended by the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973; the
National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994; and 7 CFR part 1806,
subpart B, or any successor regulation.
(c) Clean Air Act and Water Pollution Control Act Requirements. For
any contract, all applicable standards, orders or requirements issued
under section 306 of the Clean Air Act; section 508 of the Clean Water
Act, Executive Order 11738, and 40 CFR part 32.
(d) Historic preservation requirements. The provisions of 7 CFR
part 1901, subpart F or any successor regulation.
(e) Lead-based paint requirements. The applicable provisions of 24
CFR part 35, subparts A through D, J, and R, as published by the U.S.
Department of Housing and Urban Development.
Sec. 3560.5 State, local or tribal laws.
Borrowers must comply with all applicable state and local laws, and
laws of Federally-recognized Indian tribes to the extent they are not
inconsistent with this part.
Sec. 3560.6 Borrower responsibility and requirements.
(a) Borrower responsibilities and requirements specified in this
part may be carried out by an individual or entity designated by the
borrower to act on behalf of the borrower such as a resident manager or
management agent. Ultimate accountability to the Agency, however, is
with the borrower whether or not the borrower designated another person
or entity to act on the borrower's behalf.
(b) Borrowers who have not executed a loan agreement, and who were
not required to execute a loan agreement by the regulations in effect
at the time of their loan closing are exempt from the requirements of
subparts D through G of this part, as long as the borrower is not in
default of any applicable requirement, security instrument, payment, or
any other agreement with the Agency. Such borrowers must provide
evidence of tenant income eligibility in accordance with Sec.
3560.152(a), except in Farm Labor Housing where the tenant is not
paying shelter cost.
Sec. 3560.7 Delegation of responsibility.
The RHS Administrator may delegate, on an individual or other
basis, any decision-making responsibility for Agency programs, unless
otherwise noted.
Sec. 3560.8 Administrator's exception authority.
The RHS Administrator may make an exception to any provision of
this part or address any omissions provided that the exception is
consistent with the applicable statute, does not adversely affect the
interest of the Federal Government, and does not adversely affect the
accomplishment of the purposes of the MFH programs or application of
the requirement would result in undue hardship on the tenants.
Exception requests presented to the RHS Administrator must have the
concurrence of a Rural Development State Director or a Deputy
Administrator for MFH.
Sec. 3560.9 Reviews and appeals.
Rural Housing Service decisions may be appealed pursuant to 7 CFR
part 11.
Sec. 3560.10 Conflict of interest.
To reduce the potential for employee conflict of interest, all RHS
activities will be conducted in accordance with 7 CFR part 1900,
subpart D.
Sec. 3560.11 Definitions.
Unless otherwise noted, terms listed in this part shall be defined
as follows: Administrator. The head of the Rural Housing Service who
reports directly to the Under Secretary for Rural Development in the
U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Agency. The Rural Housing Service within the Rural Development
mission area of the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Amortization. Payment of debt in regular, periodic installments of
principal and interest, as opposed to interest only payments.
Applicant. An individual, partnership or limited partnership,
consumer cooperative, trust, state or local public agency, corporation,
limited liability company, nonprofit organization, Indian tribe,
association, or other entity that will be the owner of the project for
which an application for funding from the Agency is submitted.
Appraisal. As used by the Agency, a written report developed by a
qualified appraiser as established in subpart P that concludes an
opinion of value(s) for a specific real property.
Assistance. Financial assistance in the form of a loan, grant,
interest credit, or rental assistance.
Association of farmers. Two or more farmers acting as a single
legal entity. Association members may include the individual members of
farming partnerships or corporations.
Borrower. An individual, partnership or limited partnership,
consumer cooperative, trust, state or local public agency, corporation,
limited liability company, nonprofit organization, Indian tribe,
association, or other entity that has received a loan from the Agency.
Capital Needs Assessment. A Capital Needs Assessment is designed to
capture and report on the immediate
[[Page 69110]]
and the long-range capital needs of an individual property. It includes
attention to site features, mechanical and electrical systems, building
exterior and common area systems, and dwelling unit interiors.
Caretaker. An individual employed by a borrower or a management
agent to handle routine interior and exterior maintenance and upkeep of
a MFHMFH project.
Congregate housing. A housing program authorized by section 515 of
the Housing Act of 1949 which provides housing for elderly persons,
individuals with disabilities, and families who require some
supervision and central services but are otherwise able to care for
themselves. Such housing does not include any licensed healthcare
facility.
Consumer cooperative. A corporation organized under the cooperative
laws of a state or Federally recognized Indian tribe that will own and
operate the housing on a cooperative basis solely for the benefit of
its members.
Conventional rents for comparable units (CRCU). Market rents for
comparable rental units in conventional housing located in the same
geographic area as a particular Section 514, 515, or 516 project.
Current appraisal. An appraisal with a report date that is no more
than 1 year old.
Daily Interest Accrual System (DIAS). A system where interest is
charged daily on outstanding principal. Level loan payments are made by
the borrower. The amount of interest due on any date is equal to the
unpaid daily interest that has accrued.
Default. Failure by a borrower to meet significant monetary or non-
monetary obligations or terms of a loan, grant, or other agreement with
the Agency which remain unpaid or unperformed for more than 30 days
after the date such obligation is due or required to be paid or
performed, or within time periods specified in notices of compliance
violations.
Disability. The term disability is considered equivalent to the
term handicap. Eligibility requirements for fully accessible units are
contained in Sec. Sec. 3560.154(g)(1)(i) and 3560.155(b). A person is
considered to have a disability if either of the following two
situations occur:
(1) As defined in section 501(b) of the Housing Act of 1949. The
person is the head of household (or his or her spouse) and is
determined to have an impairment which:
(i) Is expected to be of long-continued and indefinite duration;
(ii) Substantially impedes his or her ability to live
independently; and
(iii) Is of such a nature that such ability could be improved by
more suitable housing conditions, or if such person has a developmental
disability as defined in section 102(7) of the Developmental Disability
and Bill of Rights Act (42 U.S.C. 6001(7)).
(2) As defined in the Fair Housing Act; the Americans with
Disabilities Act; and section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973.
The person has a physical or mental impairment which substantially
limits one or more of such person's major life activities; a record of
such impairment; or being regarded as having such an impairment. The
term does not include current, illegal use of or addiction to a
controlled substance. As used in this definition, physical or mental
impairment includes:
(i) Any physiological disorder or condition, cosmetic
disfigurement, or anatomical loss affecting one or more of the
following body systems: neurological; musculoskeletal; special sense
organs; respiratory, including speech organs; cardiovascular;
reproductive; digestive; genito-urinary; hemic and lymphatic; skin; and
endocrine;
(ii) Any mental or psychological disorder, such as mental
retardation, organic brain syndrome, emotional or mental illness, and
specific learning disabilities. The term ``physical or mental
impairment'' includes, but is not limited to, such diseases and
conditions as orthopedic, visual, speech and hearing impairments,
cerebral palsy, autism, epilepsy, muscular dystrophy, multiple
sclerosis, cancer, heart disease, diabetes, Human Immunodeficiency
Virus infection, mental retardation, emotional illness, drug addiction
(other than addiction caused by current, illegal use of a controlled
substance), and alcoholism;
(iii) Major life activities means functions such as caring for
one's self, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing,
speaking, breathing, learning, and working;
(iv) Has a record of such an impairment means has a history of, or
has been misclassified as having, a mental or physical impairment that
substantially limits one or more major life activities;
(v) Is regarded as having an impairment means:
(A) Has a physical or mental impairment that does not substantially
limit one or more major life activities but that is treated by the
borrower or management agent as constituting such a limitation;
(B) Has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits
one or more major life activities only as a result of the attitudes of
others toward such impairment; or
(C) Has none of the impairments described in this definition but is
treated by another person as having such an impairment.
Disabled domestic farm laborer. An individual with a disability as
separately defined in this paragraph and who was a domestic farm
laborer at the time of becoming disabled.
Domestic farm laborer. A person who, consistent with the
requirements in Sec. 3560.576(b)(2), receives a substantial portion of
his or her income from farm labor employment (not self-employed) in the
United States, Puerto Rico, or the Virgin Islands and either is a
citizen of the United States or resides in the United States, Puerto
Rico or the Virgin Islands after being legally admitted for permanent
residence. This definition may include the immediate family members
residing with such a person.
Due diligence on hazardous substances. Due diligence is the process
of inquiring into the environmental conditions of real estate, in the
context of a real estate transaction to determine the presence of
contamination from hazardous substances, and to determine the impact
such contamination may have on the market value of the property.
Elderly household or individual with a handicapped household. A
household in which the tenant or co-tenant of the household is 62 years
old or older or is an individual with a disability. An elderly
household may include persons younger than 62 years old and the
household of an individual with a handicap may include persons without
disabilities.
Elderly person. A person who is at least 62 years old. The term
also means a person with a disability as separately defined in this
paragraph, regardless of age.
Engagement. An Agency defined financial review of a housing
project's financial status that a borrower will contract with a
certified public accountant or other qualified individual to perform.
An engagement will result in annual financial reports for use by the
Agency as described in Sec. 3560.308.
Familial status. One or more individuals (who have not attained the
age of 18 years) being domiciled with a parent or another person having
legal custody of such individual or individuals; or the designee of
such parent or other person having such custody, with the written
permission of such parent or other person. The protections afforded
against discrimination on the basis of familial status shall apply to
any person who is
[[Page 69111]]
pregnant or is in the process of securing legal custody of any
individual who has not attained the age of 18 years.
Family farm corporation or partnership. A private corporation or
partnership involved in agricultural production in which at least 90
percent of the stock or interest is owned and controlled by persons
related by blood, which shall include parents, siblings, and children,
or law. If more than three separate households are supported by the
farming operation, the family farm corporation or partnership must be:
(1) Legally organized and authorized to own and operate a farm
business within the state;
(2) Legally able to carry out the purposes of the loan; and
(3) Prohibited from the sale or transfer of 90 percent of the stock
or interest to other than family members by either the articles of
incorporation, bylaws or by agreement between the stockholders or
partners and the corporation or partnership.
Farm. A tract or tracts of land, improvements, and other
appurtenances that are used or will be used in the production of crops,
livestock, or aquaculture products for sale in sufficient quantities so
that the property is recognized as a farm rather than a rural
residence. The term ``farm'' also includes the term ``ranch.'' It may
also include land and improvements and facilities used in a non-
eligible enterprise or the residence that, although physically separate
from the farm acreage, is ordinarily treated as part of the farm in the
local community.
Farmer. A person who is actually involved in day to day on-site
operations of a farm and who devotes a substantial amount of time to
personal participation in the conduct of the operation of a ``farm.''
Farm labor. Services in connection with cultivating the soil,
raising or harvesting any agriculture or aquaculture commodity; or in
catching, netting, handling, planting, drying, packing, grading,
storing, or preserving in the unprocessed stage, without respect to the
source of employment (but not self-employed), any agriculture or
aquaculture commodity; or delivering to storage, market, or a carrier
for transportation to market or to processing any agricultural or
aquacultural commodity in its unprocessed stage.
Farm labor contractor. A person--other than an agricultural
employer, a member of an agricultural association, or an employee of an
agricultural employer or agricultural association--who recruits,
solicits, hires, employs, furnishes, or transports any year-round or
seasonal migrant farm laborer for money or other valuable
consideration.
Farm labor housing. On-farm or off-farm housing for farm laborers
authorized by section 514 and section 516 of the Housing Act of 1949.
Farm owner. A natural person, persons, or legal entity who are the
owners of a ``farm'' as this term is further defined in this section.
Foreclosure. A proceeding in or out of court to extinguish all
rights, title, and interest of the owners of property in order to sell
the property to satisfy a lien against it.
General overhead. Includes general operation items necessary for
the contractor to be in business. They may include, but are not limited
to the following: tools and minor equipment; worker's compensation and
employer's liability; unemployment tax; Social Security and Medicare;
manager's, clerical, and estimator's salaries; pension and bonus plans;
main office insurance, rental, utilities, miscellaneous expenses;
general liability insurance; legal, accounting, and data processing;
automotive and light truck expense; vehicle expenses; depreciation of
overhead capital expenditures; and office equipment maintenance.
General requirements. Includes items that are required in the
construction contract for the contractor to provide for the specific
project. They do not include items that pertain to a specific trade nor
overhead expenses of the contractor's general operation. Items may
include, but are not limited to, the following: Field supervision;
field engineering such as field office, sheds, toilets, phone;
performance and payment or latent defects bonds; cost certification;
building permits; site security; temporary utilities; property
insurance; and cleaning or rubbish removal.
Grantee. An entity that has received a grant from the Agency.
Group home. Housing that is occupied by elderly persons or
individuals with disabilities who share living space within a rental
unit and in which a resident assistant may be required.
Household. The tenant or co-tenant and the persons or dependents
living with a tenant or co-tenant, but not including a resident
assistant.
Household furnishings. Basic durable items such as stoves,
refrigerators, drapes, drapery rods, tables, chairs, dressers and beds.
Housing project. A property with two or more affordable, decent,
safe and sanitary rental units and related facilities operated under
one management plan and financed with funds appropriated under the
authority of sections 515, 514, or 516 of the Housing Act of 1949.
Identity-of-Interest (IOI). A relationship between applicants,
borrowers, grantees, management agents, or suppliers of materials or
services described under, but not limited to, any of the following
conditions:
(1) There is a financial interest between the applicant, borrower,
grantee and a management agent or the supplying entity;
(2) One or more of the officers, directors, stockholders or
partners of the applicant, borrower, or management agent is also an
officer, director, stockholder, or partner of the supplying entity;
(3) An officer, director, stockholder, or partner of the applicant,
borrower, or management agent has a 10 percent or more financial
interest in the supplying entity;
(4) The supplying entity has or will advance funds to an applicant,
borrower, or management agent;
(5) The supplying entity provides or pays on behalf of the
applicant, borrower, or management agent the cost of any materials or
services in connection with obligations under the management plan or
management agreement;
(6) The supplying entity takes stock or a financial interest in the
applicant, borrower, or management agent as part of the consideration
to be paid them; or
(7) There exists or come into being any side deals, agreements,
contracts or understandings entered into thereby altering, amending, or
canceling any of the management plan, management agreement documents,
organization documents, or other legal documents pertaining to the
property, except as approved by the Agency.
Indian tribe. The term ``Indian tribe'' means any Indian tribe,
band, group, and nation, including Alaskan Indians, Aleuts, and
Eskimos, and any Alaskan-Native Village, which is considered an
eligible recipient under the Indian Self-Determination and Education
Assistance Act (Public Law 93-638) or under the State and Local Fiscal
Assistance Act of 1972 (Public Law 92-512).
Interest credit. A form of assistance available to eligible
borrowers that reduces the effective interest rate of the loan.
Lease. A contract setting forth the rights and obligations of a
tenant or cooperative member and a property owner, including charges
and terms under which a tenant or cooperative
[[Page 69112]]
member will occupy or use the housing or related facilities.
Legal or qualified alien. Legal or qualified alien refers to any
person lawfully admitted to the country who meets the criteria in
section 214 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1980, 42
U.S.C. 1436a.
Letter of Priority Entitlement (LOPE). A letter issued by the
Agency providing a tenant with priority entitlement to rental units in
other Agency-financed housing projects for 120 days from the date of
the LOPE.
Life cycle cost. The life cycle cost has 2 purposes: (1) To
determine the expected usable life (utility) of a building component or
furnishing and (2) to determine which building components or
furnishings are the most cost efficient over the life of the building.
Cost efficient is not to be construed to mean the least initial cost.
Life cycle cost analysis. Life cycle cost analysis is the
comparison of different materials to examine anticipated useful life
and the cost of using a specific material or building component. The
analysis has multiple uses, such as: (1) To conduct a cost efficiency
comparison between products, (2) for developing component replacement
time tables, and (3) for estimating future component replacement costs.
Life cycle cost analysis can be accomplished through various methods,
such as; insurance actuary tables or Agency documentation of a
component's life expectancy. Life cycle cost analysis is conducted by a
design professional. For Agency financed projects, a life cycle cost
analysis is to be conducted for specific components: (1) drives and
parking, (2) roofing system and roofing material, (3) exterior
finishes, and (4) energy source items.
Limited Liability Company (LLC). An unincorporated organization of
one or more persons or entities established in accordance with
applicable state laws and whose members may actively participate in the
organization without being personally liable for the debts, obligations
or liabilities of the organization.
Limited partnership. An ownership arrangement consisting of general
and limited partners; general partners manage the business, while
limited partners are passive and liable only for their own capital
contributions.
Loan agreement. A written agreement between the Agency and the
borrower that sets forth the borrower's responsibilities with respect
to Agency financing.
Low-income household. A household that has an adjusted income that
is greater than the Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD)
established very-low income limit, but that does not exceed the HUD
established low-income limit (generally 80 percent of median income
adjusted for household size for the county where the property is or
will be located).
Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC). A federal tax credit allowed
for investment in qualified low-income housing administered by the
Internal Revenue Service (IRS) under section 42 of the Internal Revenue
Code.
Management agent. A firm or individual employed or designated by a
borrower to act on the borrower's behalf in accordance with a written
management agreement.
Management agreement. A written agreement between a borrower and a
management agent setting forth the management agent's responsibilities
and fees for management services.
Management fee. The compensation provided to a management agent for
services provided in accordance with a management agreement.
Management plan. A detailed description of the policies and
procedures to be followed by the borrower in managing a MFH project.
Manufactured housing. Housing, constructed of one or more factory-
built sections, which includes the plumbing, heating, and electrical
systems contained therein, which is built to comply with the Federal
Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards (FMHCSS), and which
is designed to be used with a permanent foundation.
Market area. The geographic or locational delineation of the market
for a specific project, including outlaying areas that will be impacted
by the project, i.e., the area in which alternative, similar properties
effectively compete with the subject property.
Market rent. The most probable rent that a property should bring in
a competitive and open market reflecting all conditions and
restrictions of the specified lease agreement, including term, rental
adjustment and revaluation, permitted uses, use restrictions, and
expense obligations; the lessee and lessor each acting prudently and
knowledgeably, and assuming consummation of a lease contract as a
specified date and the passing of the leasehold from lessor to lessee.
Maximum debt limit. The maximum amount that the Agency will lend or
grant for a MFHMFH project based on the appraised value or total
development cost excluding costs ineligible for payment from loan or
grant funds, whichever is less, reduced by all funding available to the
borrower from sources other than the Agency, multiplied by 95, 97, or
102 percent depending upon the applicant entity and their use of the
low-income housing tax credit, in accordance with Sec. 3560.63(b).
Member or co-member. A stockholder or other person who has executed
documents or stock pertaining to a cooperative housing type of living
arrangement and has made a commitment to upholding the cooperative
concept.
Migrants or migrant agricultural laborer. A person (and the family
of such person) who receives a substantial portion of his or her income
from farm labor employment and who establishes a residence in a
location on a seasonal or temporary basis, in an attempt to receive
farm labor employment at one or more locations away from their home
base state, excluding day-haul agricultural workers whose travels are
limited to work areas within one day of their residence.
Minor. An individual under 18 years of age who is a dependent of a
tenant or an individual age 18 or older who is a full-time student and
a dependent of a tenant.
Moderate-income household. A household that has an adjusted income
that is greater than the HUD-established low-income limit but does not
exceed the low-income limit by more than $5,500.
Mortgage or Deed of Trust. A form or security instrument or
consensual lien on real property.
Net recovery value. The value realized from the Government's
acquisition of security property in a default situation after
subtracting all costs, actual or anticipated, from acquiring, holding,
and disposing of the security property.
New construction. A MFHMFH project being constructed to be occupied
for the first time.
Nonprofit organization. A private organization that:
(1) Is organized under state or local laws;
(2) Has no part of its net earnings inuring to the benefit of any
member, founder, contributor, or individual; and
(3) Is approved by the Secretary of Agriculture and considered to
be financially responsible.
Nonprofit organization for section 515 program (Prepayment or
Purchase). To be eligible to purchase properties under the conditions
of subpart N of this part, nonprofit organizations may not have among
their officers or directorate any persons or parties with an identity-
of-interest (or any persons or parties related to any person with
identity-of-interest) in loans financed under section
[[Page 69113]]
515 that have been prepaid or have requested prepayment.
Nonprofit organization of farm workers. A nonprofit organization,
as defined in this section, whose membership is composed of at least 51
percent farm workers.
Notice of Funding Availability (NOFA). A ``Notice of Funding
Availability'' issued by the Agency to inform interested parties of the
availability of assistance and other matters pertinent to the program.
Occupancy agreement. A contract establishing the rights and
obligations of the cooperative member and the cooperative, including
the amount of the monthly occupancy charge and the other terms under
which the member will occupy the housing.
Occupancy charge. The amount of money charged a cooperative member
to cover their proportional share of the cooperative's operating costs
and cash requirements.
Off-farm labor housing. Housing for farm laborers in any location
approved by the Agency but not on the farm where the laborer works.
Office of the General Counsel (OGC). The USDA Office of the General
Counsel, including the Regional Attorney, Associate Regional Attorney,
or Assistant Regional Attorney.
Office of the Inspector General (OIG). The USDA Office of the
Inspector General.
On-farm labor housing. Housing for farm laborers located on the
farm where they work that is away from service buildings or in the
nearby community.
Overage. That portion of a tenant's net tenant contribution that
exceeds basic rent up to note rent. Full overage is an amount equal to
the difference between the note rent for a unit and the basic rent.
Plan I. A type of interest subsidy available to borrowers prior to
October 27, 1980. Budgets and rental rates developed for Plan I loans
are based on a 3 percent loan amortization.
Plan II. A type of interest subsidy available to borrowers
operating on a limited profit basis. Budgets and rental rates developed
for Plan II loans are based on both the loan being amortized at the
interest rate shown on the promissory note and at a 1 percent
subsidized rate.
Predetermined Amortization Schedule System (PASS). A system where
loan payments are applied based on an amortization schedule.
Prepayment. Payment in full of the outstanding balance on an Agency
loan prior to the note's originally scheduled maturity date.
Program requirements. All provisions related to MFHMFH contained in
the loan document, grant agreement, statute, regulation, handbook, or
administrative notice.
Promissory note. A legal document containing conditions (interest
rate and timing) for repayment of indebtedness.
Real estate owned (REO) property. The real estate owned by the
Agency acquired through voluntary conveyance, foreclosure or other
action.
Rehabilitation. Rehabilitation is when the remodeling of a property
is of a complex nature involving structural repairs or when two or more
of the life cycle cost components are included in the remodeling of a
property.
Related facilities. Facilities in a MFHMFH project that are related
to the housing and are in addition to rental units, (e.g., community
rooms or buildings, cafeterias, dining halls, infirmaries, child care
facilities, assembly halls, and essential service facilities such as
central heating, sewerage, lighting systems, clothes washing
facilities, trash disposal and safe domestic water supply).
Rent. The amount established as a charge for occupancy in a rental
unit of Agency-financed MFH. Rents must be established at the same rate
for all similar units in the housing project. The following terms are
used to describe rents for various program purposes.
(1) Note rent is the rental charge established to cover expenses in
the housing project's approved budget and the required loan payment set
at the interest rate shown in the promissory note.
(2) Basic rent is the rental charge established to cover expenses
in the housing project's approved budget and the required loan payment
contained in the promissory note reduced by the interest credit
agreement.
(3) HUD contract rent is the rental charge established for housing
receiving project-based Section 8 rental subsidies in accordance with
24 CFR part 880 or part 884, as applicable.
(4) Low-income housing tax credit (LIHTC) rent is the rental charge
established in accordance with LIHTC requirements.
Rental assistance (RA). The portion of the approved shelter cost
paid by the Agency to compensate a borrower for the difference between
the approved shelter cost and the tenant contribution when such
contribution is less than the basic rent.
Rental assistance units. Dwelling units in a MFH project qualified
for rental assistance. There are three types of rental assistance
units.
(1) New construction units are units provided in conjunction with
initial loans for construction or substantial rehabilitation of the
MFHMFH projects.
(2) Replacement units are Agency-funded rental assistance units
which replace units with expiring rental assistance agreements or which
replace Section 8 units which have expired under the Section 8
contract.
(3) Servicing units are units provided to an operational MFHMFH
project as a part of the Agency's general loan servicing or
preservation activities.
Repair and replacement. Repair and replacement is the restoration
of minor building materials, elements, components, equipment and
fixtures. Examples include: Painting, carpeting, appliances, cabinets,
and other fixtures.
Resident assistant. A person residing in a rental unit who is
essential to the well-being and care of an elderly person or an
individual with a disability, but who:
(1) Is not obligated for the tenant's financial support;
(2) Would not be living in the unit except to provide the needed
services;
(3) May be a family member, but is not a dependent of the tenant
for tax purposes;
(4) Is not subject to the eligibility requirements of a tenant; and
(5) Is not considered a household member in the determination of
household income.
Resident or site manager. The individual employed by the borrower
and who is responsible for the day-to-day operations of the housing.
Retired domestic farm laborer. An individual who is at least 55
years of age and who has spent the last 5 years prior to retirement as
a domestic farm laborer or spent the majority of the last 10 years
prior to retirement as a domestic farm laborer.
Return on Investment (ROI). The annual amount of profit an owner
operating on a limited or full profit basis may withdraw from a
project, as established in the loan agreement. The amount is calculated
as a percentage of the owner's investment in the project.
Rural area. Any open country, or any place, town, village, or city
which is not (except in the cases of Pajaro, in the State of
California, and Guadalupe, in the State of Arizona) part of or
associated with an urban area and which (1) has a population not in
excess of 2,500 inhabitants, or (2) has a population in excess of 2,500
but not in excess of 10,000 if it is rural in character, or (3) has a
population in excess of 10,000 but not in excess of 20,000 and (A) is
not contained within a standard metropolitan statistical area,
[[Page 69114]]
and (B) has a serious lack of mortgage credit for lower and moderate-
income families, as determined by the Secretary and the Secretary of
Housing and Urban Development. For purposes of this title, any area
classified as ``rural'' or a ``rural area'' prior to October 1, 1990,
and determined not to be ``rural'' or a ``rural area'' as a result of
data received from or after the 1990 or 2000 decennial census shall
continue to be so classified until the receipt of data from the
decennial census in the year 2010, if such area has a population in
excess of 10,000 but not in excess of 25,000, is rural in character,
and has a serious lack of mortgage credit for lower and moderate-income
families. Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, the city
of Plainview, Texas, shall be considered a rural area for purposes of
this title, and the city of Altus, Oklahoma, shall be considered a
rural area for purposes of this title until the receipt of data from
the decennial census in the year 2000.
Rural Cooperative Housing (RCH). A housing program authorized under
section 515 of the Housing Act of 1949, in which a consumer
cooperative, organized and operating on a nonprofit basis, may own and
operate a MFHMFH development.
Rural Housing Service (RHS). The Agency within the Rural
Development mission area of the U.S. Department of Agriculture or its
successor agency which administers programs authorized by sections 514,
515, 516, and 521 of the Housing Act of 1949, as amended.
Rural Rental Housing (RRH). A housing program authorized by section
515 of the Housing Act of 1949 to provide rental housing in rural areas
for persons of very-low, low- and moderate income.
Seasonal housing. Housing operated on a seasonal basis, typically
for migrants or migrant agricultural laborers as opposed to year round.
Security deposit. A one-time fee charged a tenant prior to
occupancy of a unit to cover possible loss or damage to the housing
unit caused by the tenant.
Self-employed. A person who meets the IRS definition of self-
employed at 26 CFR 1.401-10.
Service agreement. A written agreement between a borrower and a
service provider establishing the specific service to be provided to a
MFH project, the cost of the service, and the length of time the
service will be provided.
Service plan. A written plan describing how services will be
provided to a MFH project and which, at a minimum, must specify the
services to be provided, the frequency of the services, who will
provide the services, how tenants will be advised of the availability
of services, and the staff needed to provide the services.
Service provider. A person who signs a written agreement with a
borrower to provide services to a MFH project.
Shelter costs. Basic or note rent plus the utility allowance, when
used, or the occupancy charge plus the utility allowance. If the
utility costs are included in the rent, the rent will equal shelter
costs.
Sources and Uses Comprehensive Evaluation (SAUCE). A computer
software program used by the Agency to analyze the total funds provided
to a MFH project to ensure that the Agency is not providing excess
assistance.
Special note rent (SNR). A rental rate charged at a Plan II project
experiencing vacancies that is less than note rent but higher than
basic rent.
State consolidated plan. A planning document for an individual
state that includes a housing and homeless needs assessment; a housing
market analysis; a strategic plan for addressing the state's housing
challenges; an Action Plan that is an annual description of the state's
Federal and other resources that are expected to be available to
address its priority housing needs and how the Federal funds will
leverage other resources; certifications relating to fair housing, its
antidisplacement and relocation plan, a drug-free workplace, and other
statutory and program requirements; and a monitoring plan to ensure
that the state is using its Federal funds appropriately and
effectively.
Tenant or co-tenant. An individual who signs a lease and occupies
or will occupy a rental unit in a MFH project. The term tenant or co-
tenant also refers to a member of cooperative housing occupying or
planning to occupy a dwelling unit in cooperative housing.
Tenant contribution. The portion of the approved shelter cost paid
by the tenant household. The proportion of tenant income and adjusted
income paid will vary according to the type of subsidy provided to the
tenant household.
Total development cost (TDC). The cost of constructing, purchasing,
improving, altering, or repairing MFH and related facilities, buying
household furnishings (for sections 514/516 only), and purchasing or
improving the necessary land, including architectural, engineering, or
legal fees, and charges and other technical and professional fees and
charges, but excluding fees, charges, or commissions such as payments
to brokers, negotiators, or other persons for the referral of
prospective applicants or solicitations of loans. Although a
developer's fee is part of the project's development cost, such fees
are not eligible for payment from Agency loan or grant funds and are
not included in determining the Agency authorized development cost.
Utility allowance. An amount determined by a borrower as the amount
to be considered a tenant's portion of utility cost in the calculation
of a tenant's total shelter cost when utility costs are not included in
the rent.
Very low-income household. A household that has an adjusted income
that does not exceed the HUD established very low-income limit
(generally 50 percent of median income adjusted for household size in
the county where the property is or will be located).
Workout agreement. An agreement between a borrower and the Agency
listing actions to be taken over a period of time to prevent or correct
a compliance violation or to cure a monetary or non-monetary default.
Sec. Sec. 3560.12-3560.49 [Reserved]
Sec. 3560.50 OMB control number.
The information collection requirements contained in this
regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0189. Public
reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to
vary from 15 minutes to 18 hours per response, including time for
reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the
collection of information. A person is not required to respond to a
collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB
control number.
Subpart B--Direct Loan and Grant Origination
Sec. 3560.51 General.
This subpart contains the Agency's loan origination requirements
for multi-family housing (MFH) direct loans for Rural Rental Housing,
Rural Cooperative Housing, and Farm Labor Housing. Additional
requirements for farm labor housing loans and grants are contained in
subpart L of this part for Off-Farm Labor Housing and subpart M of this
part for On-Farm Labor Housing.
Sec. 3560.52 Program objectives.
The Agency uses appropriated funds to finance the construction,
rehabilitation of program properties, or purchase and rehabilitation of
MFH and
[[Page 69115]]
related facilities to serve eligible persons in rural areas. The Agency
encourages the use of such financing in conjunction with funding or
financing from other sources.
Sec. 3560.53 Eligible use of funds.
Funds may be used for the following purposes.
(a) Construct housing. Funds may be used to construct MFH.
(b) Purchase and rehabilitate buildings. Funds may be used to
purchase and rehabilitate buildings that have not been previously
financed by the Agency.
(1) Rehabilitation must meet the definition of either moderate or
substantial rehabilitation as defined in 7 CFR part 1924, subpart A.
(2) The building to be rehabilitated must be structurally sound and
the improvements to the building must be necessary to meet the
requirements of decent, safe, and sanitary living units.
(3) The total development cost (TDC) for the purchase and
rehabilitation of existing buildings must not be more than the
estimated TDC for construction of a similar type and unit size property
in the same area.
(c) Subsequent loans. Funds may be used to provide subsequent loans
in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 3560.73.
(d) Purchase and improve sites. Funds may be used to purchase and
improve the site on which MFH will be located, provided that the amount
of loan funds used to purchase the site does not exceed the appraised
market value of the site immediately prior to purchase.
(e) Develop and install necessary systems. Funds may be used to
install streets, a water supply, sewage disposal, heating and cooling
systems, electric, gas, solar, or other power sources for lighting and
other features necessary for the housing. If such facilities are
located off-site, loan funds may only be used if the following
additional requirements are met:
(1) The loan applicant will hold title to the facility or have a
legal right to use the facility in the form of an easement or other
instrument acceptable to the Agency for a period of at least 50 percent
longer than the term of the loan or grant and the title or right is
transferable to any subsequent owner of the housing.
(2) The facilities will either be provided for the exclusive use of
the proposed housing project, or Agency funds are limited to the
prorated part of the total cost of the facility according to the use
and benefit to the MFH project. If entities other than the housing
project financed by the Agency use the facilities on a reimbursable fee
basis, the loan applicant must agree, in writing, to apply any fees
collected in excess of operating expenses to their Agency loan account
as an extra loan payment.
(f) Landscaping and site development. Funds may be used to provide
landscaping and site development related to a MFH project such as
lighting, walks, fences, parking areas, and driveways.
(g) Tenant-related facilities. Funds may be used to develop tenant-
related facilities appropriate to the size, economics, and prospective
tenants of a MFH project, such as a community room, development of
space for education and training purposes for tenants, central laundry
facility, outdoor seating, space for passive recreation, tot lots, and
a small emergency care infirmary. In congregate housing and group
homes, funds may be used for central cooking and dining areas.
(h) Management-related facilities. Funds may be used to develop
management-related facilities appropriate to the size and economics of
a MFH project such as a maintenance workshop, storage facilities,
office, and living quarters for a resident manager and other personnel.
(i) Purchase and install equipment and appliances. Funds may be
used to purchase and install equipment and appliances affixed to the
property as customary and appropriate for the area in which the housing
is located.
(j) Household furnishings (Section 514/516). For farm labor housing
sections 514 and 516 only, funds may be used to purchase household
furnishings.
(k) Initial operating capital. Loan funds equal to 2 percent of
total development cost or appraised value, whichever is less, may be
used by a state or political subdivision thereof, Indian tribe,
consumer cooperative, or any public or private nonprofit borrower who
is not receiving low-income housing tax credits (LIHTC), to make the
initial operating capital contribution required by Sec. 3560.64. Other
borrowers must use their own resources to make the required initial
operating capital contribution and may not use loan funds for that
purpose.
(l) Builder's profit, overhead and general requirements. Subject to
the following limits, funds may be used for builder's profit, overhead
and general requirements.
(1) Up to 10 percent of the construction contract may be used for
builder's profit.
(2) Up to 4 percent of the construction contract may be used for
general overhead.
(3) Up to 7 percent of the construction contract may be used for
general requirements.
(m) Legal, technical and professional services. Funds may be used
for the costs of legal, technical, and professional services related to
the borrower's MFH project, including appraisals, environmental
documentation, and construction plans and specifications.
(n) Permit and application fees. Funds may be used for required MFH
permits and application fees.
(o) Reimbursement to nonprofit organizations and public bodies.
Funds may be used to reimburse a nonprofit organization or public body
for up to 2 percent of total development costs for section 515, or up
to 4 percent of total development costs for off-farm labor housing, for
costs that are reasonable and typical for the area, including:
(1) Development and packaging of a loan application and a MFH
proposal; and
(2) Legal, technical, and professional fees incurred in the
formation of the loan application and MFH proposal; or
(3) Technical assistance from another nonprofit organization to
assist in the organization's formation and in the development and
packaging of a loan application and MFH proposal.
(p) Educational programs. Funds may be used for educational
programs related to owning and managing a cooperative housing project
for the board of directors of a housing cooperative during the first
year of the housing operation. Such funds will be available from the
initial operating account. The amount of the funds disbursed will be
subject to Agency approval and availability of financial resources from
the project.
(q) Interest and customary charges. Funds may be used for interest
accrued and customary charges necessary to obtain interim financing.
(r) Purchase housing from an interim lender. Funds may be used to
purchase MFH from an interim lender that holds fee simple title to
Agency-financed housing upon which construction commenced and a letter
of commitment had been issued by the Agency but the original applicant
for whom funds were obligated will not or cannot continue with
construction of the housing. In order for the purchase to take place,
there must be no outstanding unpaid obligations in connection with the
housing.
(s) Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Act
of 1970. Funds may be used for necessary costs incurred to comply with
the Uniform
[[Page 69116]]
Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Act of 1970.
(t) Demonstration programs. With the RHS Administrator's approval,
funds may be used to construct demonstration housing involving
innovative units and systems which do not meet existing published
standards, rules, regulations, or policies but meet the intent of
providing affordable, decent, safe, and sanitary rural housing, and are
consistent with the requirements of Title V of the Housing Act of 1949.
(u) Conversion of section 502 properties. In accordance with Sec.
3560.506, loan funds may be used to finance the conversion of real
estate owned units originally financed under section 502 of the Housing
Act of 1949, to MFH authorized by section 515 of the Housing Act of
1949.
Sec. 3560.54 Restrictions on the use of funds.
(a) Ineligible uses of funds. Funds may not be used for:
(1) Housing intended to serve temporary and transient residents,
with the exception of housing to serve migrant farm workers in
accordance with Sec. 3560.554;
(2) Special care facilities or institutional-type homes;
(3) Facilities which are not in compliance with the design
requirements specified in Sec. 3560.60;
(4) Any costs associated with space in a housing project that is
leased for commercial use or any commercial facilities except essential
service-type facilities when otherwise not conveniently available;
(5) Specialized equipment for training and therapy;
(6) Operating capital for a central dining facility or any items
which do not become affixed to the real estate security with the
exception of household furnishings for farm labor housing units
financed under sections 514 and 516;
(7) Compensation to a loan applicant for value of land contributed
in excess of the equity contribution requirements in Sec. 3560.63(c);
(8) Refinancing of an applicant's debt except when the debt
involves interim financing or when refinancing is necessary to obtain a
release of an existing lien on land owned by a nonprofit organization;
(9) Payment of any fee, charge, or commission to a broker or anyone
else as a developer's fee or for referral of a prospective loan
applicant or solicitation of a loan;
(10) Payment to any officer, director, trustee, stockholder,
member, or agent of an applicant; or
(11) Purchasing land for a site in excess of what is needed, except
when:
(i) The applicant cannot acquire an alternate site or cannot
acquire the needed land as a separate parcel;
(ii) The applicant agrees to sell the excess land as soon as
practical and to apply the proceeds to the loan; and
(iii) Program site density requirements are met in accordance with
the site requirements established under Sec. 3560.58.
(b) Obligations incurred before loan approval. Funds may not be
used for expenses incurred by an applicant prior to approval except
when all the following conditions are met:
(1) The debts were incurred for eligible purposes;
(2) Contracts, materials, construction, and any land purchased meet
Agency standards and requirements;
(3) Payment of the debts will remove any attached liens and any
basis for liens that may attach to the property on account of such
debts; and
(4) The appropriate level of environmental review in accordance
with 7 CFR part 1940, subpart G has been completed.
Sec. 3560.55 Applicant eligibility requirements.
Applicants for off-farm labor housing loans and grants should also
refer to Sec. 3560.555, and applicants for on-farm labor housing loans
should refer to Sec. 3560.605.
(a) General. To be eligible for Agency assistance, applicants must
meet the following requirements:
(1) Be a U. S. citizen or qualified alien(s); a corporation; a
state or local public Agency; an Indian tribe as defined in Sec.
3560.11; or a limited liability company (LLC), nonprofit organization,
consumer cooperative, trust, partnership, or limited partnership in
which the principals are U.S. citizens or qualified aliens;
(2) Be unable to obtain similar credit elsewhere at rates that
would allow for rents within the payment ability of eligible residents;
(3) Possess the legal and financial capacity to carry out the
obligations required for the loan or grant;
(4) Be able to maintain, manage, and operate the housing for its
intended purpose and in accordance with all Agency requirements;
(5) With the exception of applicants who are a nonprofit
organization, housing cooperative or public body, be able to provide
the borrower contribution from their own resources (this contribution
must be in the form of cash, or land, or a combination thereof);
(6) Have or be able to obtain a minimum of 2 percent of the total
development costs for use as initial operating capital (for nonprofit
organizations, cooperatives, or public bodies, this amount may be
financed through Agency funds); and
(7) Not be suspended, debarred, or excluded based on the ``List of
Parties Excluded from Federal Procurement and Nonprocurement
Programs.'' The list is available to Federal agencies from the U.S.
Government Printing Office. Non-federal parties should contact the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, DC 20402, (202) 512-1800.
(8) Not delinquent on Federal debt or a Federal judgment debtor,
with the exception of those debtors described in Sec. 3560.55 (b).
(b) Additional requirement for applicants with prior debt. If an
applicant or the managing general partner of a borrower, as well as any
affiliated entity having a 10 percent or more ownership interest, has a
prior or existing Agency debt, the following additional requirements
must be met.
(1) The applicant must be in compliance with any existing loan or
grant agreements and with all legal and regulatory requirements or must
have an Agency-approved workout agreement and be in compliance with the
provisions of the workout agreement. The Agency may require that
applicants with monetary or non-monetary deficiencies be in compliance
with an Agency-approved workout agreement for a minimum of 6
consecutive months before becoming eligible for further assistance.
(2) The applicant must be in compliance with the Title VI of the
Civil Rights Act of 1964, section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of
1973, and all other applicable civil rights laws.
(c) Additional requirements for nonprofit organizations. In
addition to the eligibility requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of
this section, nonprofit organizations must meet the following criteria:
(1) The applicant must have received a tax-exempt ruling from the
IRS designating the applicant as a 501(c)(3) or 501(c)(4) organization.
(2) The applicant must have in its charter the provision of
affordable housing.
(3) No part of the applicant's earnings may benefit any of its
members, founders, or contributors.
(4) The applicant must be legally organized under state and local
law.
(5) In the case of off-farm labor housing loans and grants,
nonprofit organizations must be ``broad-based'' nonprofit organizations
(refer to Sec. 3560.555(a)(1)).
[[Page 69117]]
(d) Additional requirements for limited partnerships. In addition
to the applicant eligibility requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of
this section, limited partnership loan applicants must meet the
following criteria:
(1) The general partners must be able to meet the borrower
contribution requirements if the partnership is not able to do so at
the time of loan request.
(2) The general partners must maintain a minimum 5 percent
financial interest in the residuals or refinancing proceeds in
accordance with the partnership organizational documents.
(3) The partnership must agree that new general partners can be
brought into the organization only with the prior written consent of
the Agency.
(e) Additional requirements for Limited Liability Companies (LLCs).
In addition to the applicant eligibility requirements of paragraphs (a)
and (b) of this section, LLC loan applicants must meet the following
criteria:
(1) One member who holds at least a 5 percent financial interest in
the LLC must be designated the authorized agent to act on the LLC's
behalf to bind the LLC and carry out the management functions of the
LLC.
(2) No new members may be brought into the organization without
prior consent of the Agency.
(3) The members must commit to meet the equity contribution
requirements if the LLC is not able to do so at the time of loan
request.
Sec. 3560.56 Processing section 515 housing proposals.
Processing requirements for farm labor housing proposals are found
in subpart L of this part for Off-Farm and subpart M of this part for
On-Farm.
(a) Notice of Funding Availability (NOFA) responses. (1) The Agency
will publish an annual NOFA with deadlines and other information
related to submission of new construction MFH proposals, including
expansion of existing MFH in designated places selected in accordance
with Sec. 3560.57.
(2) To be eligible for funding consideration, MFH proposals must be
submitted in accordance with the NOFA and must provide information
requested in the NOFA for the Agency to score and rank the proposals.
(3) MFH proposals needing rental subsidies must include requests
for Agency rental assistance or a description of any non-Agency rental
subsidy to be used with the proposal and must provide information
required by Sec. 3560.260 (c).
(4) The Agency will consider housing proposals requesting rental
assistance in rank order to the extent rental assistance is available.
When there is no rental assistance available, the Agency will consider
only those housing proposals in rank order that do not require rental
assistance.
(b) Preliminary proposal assessment. The Agency will make a
preliminary assessment of the application using the following criteria
and will reject those applications which do not meet all of these
criteria:
(1) The proposal was received by the submission deadline specified
in the NOFA,
(2) The proposal is complete as specified in the NOFA,
(3) The proposal is for an authorized purpose, and
(4) The applicant meets Agency eligibility requirements.
(c) Scoring and ranking project proposals. The Agency will score
and rank each housing proposal that meets the criteria of paragraph (b)
of this section.
(1) The following criteria will be used to score housing proposals
as more completely established in the NOFA:
(i) The presence and extent of leveraged assistance in the proposal
for the units that will serve tenants meeting Agency income limits at
basic rents comparable to what the rent would be if the Agency provided
full financing.
(ii) The proposal will provide rental units in a colonia, tribal
land, Rural Economic Area Partnership (REAP) community, Enterprise Zone
or Empowerment Community (EZ/EC) or in a place identified in the state
Consolidated Plan or a state needs assessment as a high need community
for MFH.
(iii) The proposal supports Agency initiatives announced in the
NOFA.
(iv) The proposal uses a donated site which meets the following
conditions:
(A) The site is donated by a state, unit of local government,
public body or a nonprofit organization;
(B) The site is suitable for the housing proposals and meets Agency
requirements;
(C) Site development costs do not exceed what they would be to
purchase and develop an alternative site;
(D) The overall cost of the MFH is reduced by the donation of the
site; and
(E) A return on investment is not paid to the borrower for the
value of the donated site nor is the value of the site considered as
part of the borrower's contribution.
(2) The Agency will rank housing proposals based on their scoring.
(i) When proposals have an equal score, preference will be given to
Indian tribes as defined in Sec. 3560.11 and local nonprofit
organizations or public bodies whose principal purposes include low-
income housing that meet the conditions of Sec. 3560.55(c) and the
following conditions.
(A) Is exempt from Federal income taxes under section 501(c)(3) or
501(c)(4) of the Internal Revenue code;
(B) Is not wholly or partially owned or controlled by a for-profit
or limited-profit type entity;
(C) Whose members, or the entity, do not share an identity of
interest with a for-profit or limited-profit type entity;
(D) Is not co-venturing with another entity; and
(E) The entity or its members will not be receiving any direct or
indirect benefits pursuant to LIHTC.
(ii) A drawing will be held in the event of a tie score, first for
proposals from applicants who meet the conditions of paragraph
(c)(2)(i) of this section and next for proposals from applicants for
which paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section is not applicable. Each
proposal will be numbered in the order in which it is drawn.
(3) The Agency will request initial loan applications from parties
who submitted the housing proposals with the highest ranking, taking
into consideration available funds. The Agency will notify non-selected
parties with the reasons for their non-selection, and the process that
may be used to seek a review of the non-selection decision.
(d) Processing initial loan applications. The Agency will review
all initial loan applications submitted in accordance with Agency
requirements to further evaluate the eligibility and feasibility of the
housing proposals. This determination will include:
(1) A review of the preliminary plans and cost estimates,
(2) A market feasibility review,
(3) An Agency site visit to gather preliminary environmental
information and determine that the proposed site meets the site
requirements of Sec. 3560.58,
(4) A review of the Affirmative Fair Housing Marketing Plan,
(5) An analysis of current credit reports,
(6) A review of Civil Rights Impact Analysis in accordance with 7
CFR part 2006, subpart P, and
(7) Completion of the appropriate level of environmental review in
accordance with 7 CFR part 1940, subpart G.
(e) Processing order of initial loan applications. The Agency will
process initial loan applications in rank order, taking into account
available funds. If any initial loan applications are withdrawn,
rejected, or delayed for a period of time that will not permit funding
in the current funding cycle,
[[Page 69118]]
the Agency will process, in rank order, the next initial loan
application as funding levels permit.
(f) Other assistance. During each stage of loan application
processing, loan applicants must notify the Agency of all other
assistance, including other Federal Government assistance proposed or
approved for use in connection with the loan application.
(g) Proposal withdrawal or rejection. An applicant may withdraw a
housing proposal, an initial loan application, or a final loan
application at any time during the Agency review process with a written
request. The Agency may reject a housing proposal, an initial loan
application, or a final loan application at any time during the Agency
review process when an applicant fails to provide information requested
by the Agency within the time frame specified by the Agency.
(h) Final applications. Applicants, with initial loan applications
that are selected by the Agency for further processing, must submit a
final application, with any additional information requested by the
Agency, to confirm and document a housing proposal's eligibility and
feasibility, including an affirmative fair housing marketing plan. The
Agency will notify applicants with initial loan applications that are
not selected for further processing of their non-selection, the reasons
for their non-selection, and the process that may be used to seek a
review of the non-selection decision.
(i) Rural cooperative housing proposals. Rural cooperative housing
loan proposals will be solicited through a NOFA and will be assessed
and processed in the same manner described in paragraphs (a) through
(h) of this section.
Sec. 3560.57 Designated places for section 515 housing.
(a) Establish a list of designated places. The Agency will
establish a list of designated places from which loan proposals will be
accepted. The list is updated each fiscal year and is available when
the NOFA is published. The NOFA provides information on obtaining the
list. This list will be developed from a list of rural places which the
Agency identifies as having the greatest need for multifamily housing
based on the following factors:
(1) Qualification as a rural area as defined in Sec. 3560.11,
(2) Lack of mortgage credit, and
(3) Demonstrated need for MFH based on:
(i) The incidence of poverty,
(ii) The existence of substandard housing,
(iii) The lack of affordable housing, and
(iv) The following high need areas:
(A) Places identified in the state Consolidated Plan or similar
state plan or needs assessment report,
(B) Indian reservations or communities located within the
boundaries of tribal allotted or trust land, and
(C) EZ/EC or REAP communities.
(b) Establishing partnership designated place list. The Agency, in
states with an active leveraging program and formal partnership
agreement with the state agency, may establish a partnership designated
place list consisting of places identified by the partnership as high
need areas based on criteria consistent with the Agency's and the
state's authorizing statutes. The partnership agreement and partnership
designated place list must have the concurrence of the Administrator.
(c) Administrator's discretion. The Administrator may add to the
list of designated places any place that is determined to have a
compelling need for MFH, for example, a place that has had a
substantial increase in population not reflected in the most recent
census data, or a place that has experienced a loss of affordable
housing because of a natural disaster.
(d) Restrictions on loans in certain designated places.
(1) Initial loan applications will not be requested and final loan
applications will not be closed for housing proposals in designated
places where any of the following conditions exist:
(i) The Agency has selected another MFH proposal in the designated
place for processing.
(ii) A previously funded Agency, the U.S. Department of Housing and
Urban Development (HUD), low-income housing tax credit or other similar
assisted MFH in the designated place has not been completed or has not
reached projected occupancy levels.
(iii) Existing assisted MFH in the designated place is experiencing
high vacancy levels.
(iv) A special note rent or other loan servicing tool is pending or
in effect for other assisted housing in the designated place, or
(v) The need in the market area is for additional rental assistance
and not additional rental units.
(2) Exceptions to the provisions in Sec. 3560.57(d)(1) may be
made:
(i) When a group home is proposed for persons with disabilities in
an area where the existing MFH is insufficient or unavailable for their
needs; or
(ii) There is a compelling need for additional MFH, for example
when the units that have been approved or are under development
represent only a small portion of the total units needed in the
community.
Sec. 3560.58 Site requirements.
(a) Location. (1) New construction section 515 loans will be made
only in designated places selected by the Agency in accordance with the
requirements of Sec. 3560.57.
(2) Agency-financed MFH must be located in residential areas as
part of established rural communities, except as permitted in Sec.
3560.58(b), and for farm labor housing units financed under sections
514 and 516, which may be developed in any area where a need for farm
labor housing exists.
(3) Communities in which Agency-financed MFH is located must have
adequate facilities and services to support the needs of tenants.
(4) Housing complexes will not be located in areas where there are
undesirable influences such as high activity railroad tracks; adjacent
to or near industrial sites; bordering sites or structures which are
not decent, safe, or sanitary; or bordering sites which have potential
environmental concerns such as processing plants. Sites which are not
an integral part of a residential community and do not have reasonable
access, either by location or terrain, to essential community
facilities such as water, sewerage removal, schools, shopping,
employment opportunities, medical facilities, may not be acceptable.
Consistent with Federal law and Departmental Regulation, the Agency
must conduct an environmental assessment and a civil rights impact
analysis before a site can be accepted. Sites may be determined by the
Agency to be unacceptable if any of the adverse conditions described in
this paragraph exist.
(b) Structures located in central business areas. The Agency will
consider financing construction or the purchase and substantial
rehabilitation of an existing structure located in the central business
area of a rural community. With prior consent from the Agency, a
portion of such a structure may be designated for commercial use on a
lease basis. RHS funds may not be used to finance any cost associated
with the commercial space.
(c) Site development costs and standards. The cost of site
development must be less than or comparable to the cost of site
development at other available sites in the community and the site must
be developed in accordance with 7 CFR part 1924, subpart C and any
applicable standards imposed by a state or local government.
[[Page 69119]]
(d) Densities. Allowable site densities will be determined based on
the following criteria:
(1) Compatibility and consistency with the community in which the
MFH is located;
(2) Impact on the total development costs; and
(3) Size sufficient to accommodate necessary site features.
(e) Flood or mudslide-prone areas. (1) The Agency will not approve
sites subject to 100-year floods when non-floodplain sites exist. The
environmental review process will assess the availability of a
reasonable site outside the 100-year floodplain.
(2) Sites located within the 100 year floodplain are not eligible
for federal financial assistance unless flood insurance is available
through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). The Agency will
complete Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Form 81-93,
Standard Flood Hazard Determination, to document the site's location in
relation to the floodplain and the availability of insurance under
NFIP.
Sec. 3560.59 Environmental requirements.
Under the National Environmental Policy Act, the Agency is required
to assess the potential impact of the proposed action on protected
environmental resources. Measures to avoid or at least mitigate adverse
impacts to protected resources may require a change in the site or
project design. Therefore, a site cannot be approved until the Agency
has completed the environmental review in accordance with 7 CFR part
1940, subpart G, or any successor regulation. Likewise, the applicant
should be informed that the environmental review must be completed and
considered before the Agency can make a commitment of resources to the
project.
Sec. 3560.60 Design requirements.
(a) Standards. All Agency-financed MFH will be constructed in
accordance with 7 CFR part 1924, subpart A and will consist of two or
more rental units plus appropriate related facilities. Single family
structures may be used for group homes and cooperative housing. Also,
manufactured homes may be used to create MFH and single family housing
originally financed through section 502 of the Housing Act of 1949 may
be converted to MFH. Maintenance requirements are listed in Sec.
3560.103(a)(3).
(b) Residential design. All MFH must be residential in character,
except as provided for in Sec. 3560.58(b), and must meet the needs of
eligible residents.
(c) Economical construction, operation and maintenance. Taking into
consideration life-cycle costs, all housing must be economical to
construct, operate, and maintain and must not be of elaborate design or
materials.
(1) Economical construction means construction that results in
housing of at least average quality with amenities that are reasonable
and customary for the community and necessary to appropriately serve
tenants.
(2) Economical operating and maintenance means housing with
operational and maintenance costs that allow a basic rent structure
less than or consistent with conventional rents for comparable units in
the community or in a similar community except that when determined
necessary by the Agency to allow for decent, safe and sanitary housing
to be provided in market areas where conventional rents are not
sufficient to cover necessary operating, maintenance, and reserve
costs. Basic rents may be allowed to exceed comparable rents for
conventional units, but in no case may the rent exceed 150% of the
comparable rent for conventional unit rent level.
(3) In meeting the Agency objective of economical construction,
operation and maintenance, housing proposals must:
(i) Contain costs without jeopardizing the quality and
marketability of the housing;
(ii) Employ life-cycle cost analyses acceptable to the Agency to
determine the types of materials which will reduce overall costs by
lowering operation and maintenance costs, even though their initial
costs may be higher; and
(iii) Provide assurances that costs will be reduced when the Agency
determines that housing costs are not economical. If assurances cannot
be provided, funding may be withdrawn.
(4) The housing proposal will give maximum consideration to energy
conservation measures and practices.
(d) Accessibility. All housing will meet the following
accessibility requirements.
(1) For new construction of MFH, at least 5 percent of the units
(but not less than one) must be constructed as fully accessible units
to persons with disabilities. The Uniform Federal Accessibility
Standards (UFAS) will be followed. Individual copies of these standards
are available from the Architectural and Transportation Barriers
Compliance Board, 1331 F Street, NW, Suite 1000, Washington, DC 20004-
1111, Telephone: (202) 272-0080, TTY: (202) 272-0082, e-mail address:
board.gov">info@access-board.gov. When calculating how many accessible units are
required, always round up to the next whole number to ensure the 5
percent requirement is met.
(2) For existing properties that do not have fully accessible
units, the 5 percent requirement will apply when making substantial
alterations as defined by UFAS. The UFAS defines substantial alteration
as ``alteration to any building or facility is to be considered
substantial if the total cost for a twelve month period amounts to 50
percent or more of the full and fair cash value of the building * * *''
UFAS further defines full and fair cash value as ``the assessed
valuation of a building or facility as recorded in the assessor's
office of the municipality and as equalized at one hundred percent
(100%) valuation, or the replacement cost, or the fair market value.''
The 5 percent rule will also apply to repair or renovation work on a
single unit. For instance, if a unit is damaged by fire and extensive
repair is necessary, to the extent possible the unit is to be converted
to a fully accessible unit.
(3) The variety of bedroom quantities of fully accessible units
will be comparable to the variety of bedroom quantities of units which
are not fully accessible. Borrowers will not, however, be required to
exceed the 5 percent requirement simply to have an accessible unit of
each bedroom quantity. In addition, accessible units should be
distributed throughout the complex so not to concentrate the units in
one location.
(4) All MFH must meet:
(i) The accessibility requirements as contained in section 504 of
the Rehabilitation Act of 1973;
(ii) The requirements of the Fair Housing Amendments Act of 1988;
(iii) The requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act of
1990, as applicable; and
(iv) All other Federal, State, and local requirements. When
architectural standards differ, the most stringent standard will be
followed.
Sec. 3560.61 Loan security.
(a) General. Each loan made by the Agency will be secured in a
manner that adequately protects the financial interest of the Federal
Government throughout the period of the loan.
(b) Lien position. (1) The Agency will seek a first or parity lien
position on Agency-financed property in all instances. The Agency may
accept a junior lien position if the Federal Government's interests are
adequately secured.
(2) The Agency will seek a first or parity lien on revenue from
rent; Agency, HUD, state or private rental
[[Page 69120]]
subsidy payments; chattels; assignments; and operating and reserve
accounts. The Agency will accept a junior lien position if the Federal
Government's interests are adequately secured.
(c) Liability. Personal liability will be required of all
individual borrowers. Personal liability will not be required for the
members or stockholders of any corporation or trust or any partners in
a limited partnership.
(d) Housing and land ownership. Applicants must own the MFH and
related land for which the loan is being requested, or become the owner
when the loan is closed or have a leasehold interest in the land. If an
applicant is not the owner of the housing and the related land, the
following conditions must be met prior to or at loan closing.
(1) A recorded mortgage on the improvements is given as collateral.
(2) The amount of the loan against the collateral does not exceed
its estimated security value.
(3) The unexpired term of the lease on the date of loan closing is
at least 50 percent longer than the term of the loan and rent charged
for the lease does not exceed the rate being paid for similar leases in
the area.
(4) The applicant's leasehold interest is not subject to summary
foreclosure or cancellation.
(5) The lease permits:
(i) The Agency to foreclose the mortgage and to transfer the lease;
(ii) The Agency to bid at a foreclosure sale or to accept voluntary
conveyance of the security in lieu of foreclosure;
(iii) The Agency to occupy the property, sublet the property, or
sell the leasehold for cash or credit if the leasehold is acquired
through foreclosure, if the Agency accepts voluntary conveyance in lieu
of foreclosure, or if the borrower abandons the property; and
(iv) The applicant, in the event of default or inability to
continue with the lease and the loan, to transfer the leasehold subject
to the mortgage to a transferee that will assume the property ownership
obligations.
Sec. 3560.62 Technical, legal, insurance, and other services.
(a) Legal services. Applicants must have written contracts for any
legal services that are to be paid out of Agency loan funds.
(b) Title clearance. Applicants must obtain title clearance in
accordance with the provisions of 7 CFR part 1927, subpart B applicable
to title clearance, which would include title insurance or title
opinion, unless the loan applicant is leasing the property or is an
organization or an individual with special title or loan closing
problems, in which case title clearance and related legal services will
be obtained in accordance with procedures approved by the Agency.
(c) Architectural services. Applicants must obtain a written
contract for architectural services in accordance with the provisions
of 7 CFR part 1924, subpart A.
(d) Insurance. Applicants must have property and liability coverage
at loan closing as well as flood insurance, if needed. Fidelity
coverage must be in force as soon as there are assets within the
organization and it must be obtained before any loan funds or interim
financing funds are made available to the borrower. At a minimum,
applicants must meet the property, liability, flood, and fidelity
insurance requirements in Sec. 3560.105.
(e) Surety bonding. Applicants must comply with the surety bonding
provisions of 7 CFR part 1924, subpart A.
Sec. 3560.63 Loan limits.
(a) Determining the security value. The security value for an
Agency loan is the lesser of the total development cost (exclusive of
any developer's fee as provided by paragraph (d)(2) of this section) or
the housing project's security value as determined by an appraisal
conducted in accordance with subpart P of this part, minus any prior or
parity liens on the housing project. For purposes of determining
security value:
(1) Total development cost must be calculated excluding costs not
considered allowable under Sec. 3560.54(a), and excluding costs
related to compliance with the Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real
Property Acquisition Act of 1970.
(2) The appraisal, which will determine the market value, subject
to restricted rents, will be obtained by the Agency and conducted in
accordance with subpart P of this part.
(b) Limitations on loan amounts. The Agency will not make any loans
without adequate security. The following limitations will be set on
loan amounts:
(1) For all loan applicants who will receive benefits from the low-
income housing tax credit program, the amount of Agency financing for
the housing will not exceed 95 percent of the security value available
for the Agency loan.
(2) For all loan applicants who will not receive low-income housing
tax credit benefits and who are comprised solely of nonprofit
organizations, consumer cooperatives, or state or local public
agencies, the amount of the loan will be limited to the security value
available for the Agency loan, plus the 2 percent initial operating
capital and any necessary relocation costs incurred.
(3) For all other loan applicants who will not receive low-income
housing tax credit benefits, the loan amount will be limited to no more
than 97 percent of the security value available for the Agency loan.
(c) Equity contribution. Loan applicants, with the exception of
nonprofit organizations, consumer cooperatives, or state or local
public agencies who will not be receiving tax credits, must make an
equity contribution from their own resources.
(1) Loan applicants who will receive benefits from the low-income
housing tax credit program must make an equity contribution in the
amount of 5 percent of the Agency loan. The maximum Agency loan will be
determined in accordance with Sec. 3560.63(b).
(2) Loan applicants who will not receive benefits from the low-
income housing tax credit program and are not nonprofit organizations,
consumer cooperatives, or state or local public agencies must make an
equity contribution in the amount of 3 percent of the Agency loan. The
maximum Agency loan will be determined in accordance with Sec.
3560.63(b).
(d) Review of assistance from multiple sources. The Agency will
analyze Federal Government and other assistance provided to any MFH
project to establish the maximum loan amount and to assure that the
assistance is not more than the minimum necessary to make the housing
affordable, decent, safe, and sanitary to potential tenants.
(1) Determining minimum assistance. For purposes of determining
minimum assistance, the total amount paid for builder's profit,
overhead, and general requirements may not exceed 21 percent of the
construction contract. Unless specified differently in a Memorandum of
Understanding between the Agency and the state agency that allocates
low-income housing tax credits, limits will be those specified in Sec.
3560.53(l).
(2) Developer's fee. While, in accordance with Sec. 3560.54(a)(9),
payment of a developer's fee is not an eligible use of Agency loan
funds, the Agency will include in total development costs a developer's
fee paid from other sources when analyzing the Federal Government
assistance to the housing. The Agency may recognize a developer's fee
paid from other sources on construction or rehabilitation of up to 15
percent of the total development costs authorized for low-income
housing tax credit purposes, or by another Federal Government program.
Likewise for transfer proposals
[[Page 69121]]
that include acquisition costs, the developer's fee on the acquisition
cost may be recognized up to 8 percent of the acquisition costs only
when authorized under a Federal Government program providing
assistance. The developer's fee is not included in determining the
Agency's maximum debt limit and loan amount.
(e) Limits on equity loans. For equity loans to avert prepayment,
the amount of the Agency equity loan will be limited to no more than
the difference between 90 percent of market value of the property when
appraised as conventional unsubsidized MFH and all current unpaid
balances. For information on appraisal issues, refer to subpart P of
this part.
(f) Cost overruns. (1) All applicants must agree in writing to
provide funds at no cost to the housing and without pledging the
housing as security to pay any cost for completing planned construction
after the maximum debt limit is reached.
(2) After loan approval, the Agency will only approve cost
increases for housing proposals involving new construction or major
rehabilitation when the additional costs will not cause the limits
specified in Sec. 3560.53(l) or the maximum debt limit to be exceeded
and the cost increases were caused by:
(i) Unforeseen factors that are determined by the Agency to be
beyond the borrower's control;
(ii) Design changes required by the Agency, state, or the local
government; or
(iii) Financing changes approved by the Agency.
Sec. 3560.64 Initial operating capital contribution.
Borrowers are required to make an initial operating capital
contribution to the general operating account in the amount of at least
2 percent of the total development cost or appraised value, whichever
is less.
(a) Borrowers that are nonprofit organizations, consumer
cooperatives, or state or local public agencies and are not receiving
low-income housing tax credits, may use loan funds for their initial
operating capital contribution. All other borrowers must fund the
initial operating capital contribution from their own resources.
(b) Borrowers must provide to the Agency for approval a list of
materials and equipment to be funded from the general operating account
for initial operating expenses. As specified in Sec. 3560.304(b),
initial operating capital may be used only to pay for approved budgeted
expenses. If total initial operating expenses exceed 2 percent, the
additional amount must be paid by the borrower from its own resources,
except that borrowers meeting the provisions of Sec. 3560.64(a) who do
not have sufficient resources for this purpose may request Agency
assistance. Withdrawals from the reserve account will not be approved
for such expenses.
(c) Borrowers must provide the Agency with documentation of their
initial operating capital contribution deposited into the general
operating account prior to the start of construction or loan closing,
whichever comes first, and such funds thereafter, may only be used for
authorized budgeted purposes.
(d) If the conditions specified in Sec. 3560.304(c) are met, funds
contributed as initial operating capital may be returned to the
borrower.
Sec. 3560.65 Reserve account.
To meet major capital expenses of a housing project, borrowers must
establish and fund a reserve account that meets requirements of Sec.
3560.306. At a minimum, the borrower must agree to make monthly
contributions to the reserve account at the rate of 1 percent annually
of the amount of the total development cost until the reserve account
equals 10 percent of the total development cost.
Sec. 3560.66 Participation with other funding or financing sources.
(a) General requirements. The Agency encourages the use of funding
or financing from other sources in conjunction with Agency loans. When
the Agency is not the sole source of financing for MFH, the following
conditions must be met.
(1) The Agency will enter into a participation (or intercreditor)
agreement with the other participants that clearly defines each party's
relationship and responsibilities to the others.
(2) The rental units that will serve tenants eligible for housing
under the Agency's income standards must meet Agency standards and the
number of units that will serve the Agency's tenants are at least equal
to the units financed by the Agency.
(3) All rental units must be operated and managed in compliance
with the requirements of the Agency and the other sources. To the
extent these requirements overlap, the most stringent requirement must
be met. The Agency may negotiate the resolution of overlapping
requirements on a case-by-case basis; however, at a minimum, Agency
requirements must be met.
(4) If the number of units subject to the LIHTC rent and income
restrictions is greater than the number of units projected to receive
Agency rental assistance (RA) or similar tenant subsidy, the market
feasibility documentation must clearly reflect a need and demand by
LIHTC income-eligible households financially able to afford the
projected rents without such a subsidy for the units not receiving RA
or similar tenant subsidy.
(b) Rental assistance. The Agency may provide rental assistance
with MFH loans participating with other sources of funding under the
following conditions:
(1) The Agency's loan equals at least 25 percent of the housing's
total development cost.
(2) The rental assistance is provided only to those rental units
where the basic rents do not exceed what basic rents would have been
had the Agency provided full financing.
(3) The provisions of subpart F of this part are met.
(c) Security requirements. The security requirements of Sec.
3560.61 must be met for all Agency-financed MFH participating with
other sources of funding.
(d) Reserve requirements. Reserve account requirements will be
determined on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration the
reserve requirements of the other participating lenders, so that the
aggregate fully funded reserve account is consistent with the
requirements of Sec. 3560.65. Reserve requirements and procedures for
reserve account withdrawals must be agreed upon by all lenders and
included in the intercreditor or participation agreement.
(e) Design requirements. Housing and related facilities must be
planned and constructed in accordance with 7 CFR 1924, subparts A and
C. If housing includes non-Agency financed common facilities, the
following conditions must be met:
(1) The non-Agency-financed common facility's operating and
maintenance costs must be paid through collection of a user fee from
residents who use the facility,
(2) The non-Agency-financed common facility must be designed and
operated with appropriate safeguards for the health and safety of
tenants, and
(3) The facility must be fully available and accessible to all
tenants.
Sec. 3560.67 Rates and terms for section 515 loans.
Rates and terms for farm labor housing loans are found in subpart L
of this part for Off-Farm and subpart M of this part for On-Farm.
(a) Interest. Loans will be closed at the lower of the interest
rate in effect at the time of loan approval or the interest rate that
is in effect at time of loan closing.
[[Page 69122]]
(b) Interest credit. The Agency will provide interest credit to
subsidize the interest on the Agency loan to a payment rate of 1
percent for all of the Agency's initial and subsequent loans.
(c) Amortization period and term. (1) Except for manufactured
housing, loans will be amortized over a period not to exceed the lesser
of the economic life of the housing being financed or 50 years and paid
over a term not to exceed 30 years from the date of loan. The Agency
may make a loan to the borrower to finance the final payment of a loan
in accordance with Sec. 3560.74.
(2) Loans for manufactured housing will be amortized and paid over
a term not to exceed 30 years as specified in Sec. 3560.70(c).
Sec. 3560.68 Permitted return on investment (ROI).
(a) Permitted return. Borrowers operating on a limited profit basis
will be permitted a return not to exceed 8 percent of their required
initial investment determined at the time of loan approval in
accordance with Sec. 3560.63(c).
(b) Calculation of permitted return. The permitted return will be
based on the borrower's contributions from their own resources, which,
when added to the Agency loan amount and all sources of funding or
financing, do not exceed the security value of the MFH project as
specified in Sec. 3560.63(a).
(1) Proceeds received by the borrower from the syndication of low-
income housing tax credit and contributed to the MFH project may be
considered funds from the borrower's own resources for the portion of
the proceeds which exceeds:
(i) The allowable developer's fee determined by the state agency
administering the low-income housing tax credit, and
(ii) The borrower's expected contribution to the transaction, as
determined by the state agency administering the low-income housing tax
credit.
(2) A building site contributed by the borrower will be appraised
by the Agency to determine its market value. A return may not be
allowed on the amount above the equity contribution required by Sec.
3560.63(c) if the market value as determined by the Agency, when added
to the loan and grant amounts from all sources, exceeds the security
value of the MFH project as specified in Sec. 3560.63(a).
(c) Return on additional investment. The initial investment may
exceed the equity contribution required by Sec. 3560.63(c) and a
return allowed on the investment if the additional return does not
increase basic rents and rental assistance costs above what basic rents
and rental assistance costs would have been with the Agency financing
95 or 97 percent of the total development cost.
(d) Compensation to nonprofit organizations. Although nonprofit
organizations are not eligible to take a return on investment, with
prior Agency approval, cooperatives and nonprofit organizations may use
housing project funds to pay asset management expenses directly
attributable to ownership responsibilities, as described in Sec.
3560.303(b)(1)(ii).
Sec. 3560.69 Supplemental requirements for congregate housing and
group homes.
(a) General. Congregate housing and group homes must be planned and
developed in accordance with 7 CFR part 1924, subparts A and C.
(b) Design criteria. Congregate housing and group homes must be
designed to accommodate all special services that will be provided.
(c) Services. Congregate housing and group home loan applicants, as
part of their loan request, must submit a plan to make affordable
services available to residents to assist the residents in living
independently. The plan must address the availability of this
assistance from service providers throughout the term of the loan.
(1) For congregate housing, the resident services plan must address
how the following services will be provided or made available:
(i) One cooked meal per day, seven days per week;
(ii) Transportation to and from the property;
(iii) Assistance in housekeeping;
(iv) Personal services;
(v) Recreational and social activities; and
(vi) Access to medical services.
(2) For group homes, the resident services plan must address how
access to the following services will be provided or made available:
(i) A common kitchen in which to prepare meals;
(ii) Transportation;
(iii) Nearby recreational and social activities which may be
coordinated by the resident assistant, if applicable; and
(iv) Medical services as necessary.
(d) Necessary items. Borrowers must ensure items such as tables,
chairs, and cookware necessary to furnish common areas are made
available to congregate housing or group homes. The 2 percent initial
operating capital may be used to purchase these items.
(e) Association with other organizations. Congregate housing and
group homes may coordinate services or training with another
organization, such as a workshop for the developmentally disabled.
However, the housing facility must be a separate entity and not
dependent on the other organization.
(f) Market feasibility documentation. Market feasibility
documentation for congregate housing and group homes is subject to the
following requirements:
(1) Must address the need for housing with services and include
information concerning alternative service providers;
(2) Must contain demographic information pertaining to the
population that is to be served by the congregate housing or group home
project; and
(3) May consider an expanded market area that includes
nondesignated places, but the facility must be located in a designated
place.
(g) Rental assistance for group homes. A unit in a group home
consists of a space occupied by a specific tenant household, which may
be an apartment unit, a bedroom, or a part of a bedroom. Agency rental
assistance will be made available to tenants sharing a unit so long as
the total rent for the unit does not exceed conventional rents for
comparable units in the area or a similar area.
Sec. 3560.70 Supplemental requirements for manufactured housing.
(a) Design requirements. Manufactured housing must meet the
requirements of 7 CFR part 1924, subpart A applicable to manufactured
housing.
(b) Eligible properties. The manufactured housing must include two
or more housing units. The applicant will become the first owner
purchasing the manufactured homes for purposes other than resale. The
following exceptions may be made to this provision:
(1) A housing proposal may include the purchase of the real
property with existing manufactured housing which will be redeveloped
with the placement of new manufactured homes.
(2) A housing proposal may include the rehabilitation of existing
manufactured housing only if the units to be rehabilitated are
currently financed by the Agency. The proposal will include the results
of the applicant's consultation with the manufacturer to determine if
the proposed rehabilitation work will affect the structural integrity
of the unit and, if so, the statement will include an explanation as to
how.
(c) Terms. The maximum loan amount will be determined in accordance
with the requirements of Sec. 3560.63. The amortization period and
term of loans
[[Page 69123]]
for manufactured housing will not exceed the lesser of the economic
life of the housing being financed or 30 years.
(d) Security. A mortgage or deed of trust will be taken on the
entire property purchased or improved with the loan. The encumbered
property must be covered under a standard real estate title insurance
policy or attorney's title opinion that identifies the housing as real
property and insures or indemnifies against any loss if the
manufactured home is determined not to be part of the real property.
The property must be taxed as real estate by the jurisdiction where the
housing is located if such taxation is permitted under applicable law
when the loan is closed.
(e) Special warranty requirements. The general contractor or
dealer-contractor, as applicable, must provide a warranty in accordance
with the provisions of 7 CFR part 1924, subpart A.
(1) The warranty must establish that the manufactured homes,
foundations, positioning and anchoring of the units to their permanent
foundations, and all contracted improvements, are constructed in
conformity with applicable approved plans and specifications.
(2) The warranty must include provisions that the manufactured
homes sustained no hidden damage during transportation and, for double-
wide units, that the sections were properly joined and sealed.
(3) The general contractor or dealer contractor must warrant that
the manufacturer's warranty is in addition to and does not diminish or
limit all other warranties, rights, and remedies that the borrower or
lender may have.
(4) The seller of the manufactured homes must deliver to the
borrower the manufacturer's warranty with an additional copy for RHS.
The warranty must identify the units by serial number.
Sec. 3560.71 Construction financing.
(a) Construction financing plan. Prior to loan approval, applicants
must submit to the Agency for its concurrence a plan for the
construction financing and securing of the loan.
(b) Interim financing. Interim financing is required by the Agency
for any construction, except as noted in paragraph (c) of this section.
(1) The Agency reserves the right to review and approve the interim
financing arrangements proposed by the applicant.
(2) When interim financing is used, the Agency will obligate the
funds and provide an interim financing letter to the lender that will
confirm the procedures and conditions for the construction financing.
The take-out loan will be closed and the interim lender paid off when
the conditions of the interim financing letter have been met.
(3) The applicable provisions of 7 CFR part 1924, subpart A will be
used to monitor the construction.
(4) An environmental review must be completed in accordance with 7
CFR part 1940, subpart G, prior to issuance of the interim financing
letter.
(c) Multiple advances. When interim financing is not available or
when it is in the best interest of the Federal Government, the Agency
may provide for multiple advances of the funds to cover the cost of
construction.
(1) The Agency will review and approve the multiple advances
proposed by the borrower.
(2) When multiple advances are used, the Agency will close the loan
prior to any advancement of funds and the relevant provisions of 7 CFR
part 1924, subpart A will be used to monitor the construction.
(3) The loan check will be handled in accordance with 7 CFR part
1902, subpart A.
Sec. 3560.72 Loan closing.
(a) Requirements. Loans will be closed in accordance with 7 CFR
part 1927, subpart B and any state supplements. In all cases, the
borrower must:
(1) Provide evidence that an Agency-approved accounting system is
in place;
(2) Execute a restrictive-use contract acceptable to the Agency
that establishes the borrower's obligation to operate the housing for
program purposes for the term of the Agency loan;
(i) For all section 514 loans, except as provided in Sec.
3560.621, made pursuant to a contract entered into on or after the
effective date of this regulation, the following language will be
included in the mortgage and deed of trust: ``The borrower and any
successors in interest agree to use the housing for the purpose of
housing people eligible for occupancy as provided in sections 514 and
516 of title V of the Housing Act of 1949, and Rural Housing Service
regulations then in effect. The restrictions are applicable for a term
of 20 years from the date on which the last loan was closed. No
eligible person occupying the housing will be required to vacate nor
any eligible person denied occupancy for housing prior to the close of
such period because of a prohibited change in the use of the housing. A
tenant or person wishing to occupy the housing may seek enforcement of
this provision as well as the Government.''
(ii) All other loans are subject to restrictive-use provisions as
outlined in subpart N of this part.
(3) Provide evidence that construction financing arrangements are
adequate when interim financing is going to be used;
(4) Provide evidence that all the funds from other sources as
proposed in the application are available and that there have been no
changes in the Sources and Uses Comprehensive Evaluation (SAUCE).
(5) Provide evidence of the title to all security required by the
Agency;
(6) Provide a certification that all construction in the case of
interim financing has been or, in the case of multiple advances, will
be paid;
(7) Provide, in the case of interim financing, a dated and signed
statement from the owner's architect certifying to substantial
completion of the housing project;
(8) Provide a certification that all construction in the case of
interim financing has been or, in the case of multiple advances, will
be in accordance with the plans and specifications concurred in by the
Agency;
(9) Provide evidence, if applicable, that the conditions of the
interim financing letter have been met; and
(10) Attend a pre-occupancy conference with the Agency.
(b) Cost certification. In all cases, the borrower must report
actual construction costs. Whenever the State Director determines it
appropriate, and in all situations where there is an identity of
interest as defined in 7 CFR 1924.4 (i), the borrower, contractor and
any subcontractor, material supplier, or equipment lessor having an
identity of interest must each provide certification as to the actual
cost of the work performed in connection with the construction contract
in accordance with 7 CFR part 1924, subpart A. The construction costs
must also be audited in accordance with Governmental Auditing
Standards, by a Certified Public Accountant (CPA). In some cases, the
Agency will contract directly with a CPA for the cost certification.
Funds that were included in the loan for cost certification and which
are ultimately not needed because Agency contracts for the cost
certification will be returned on the loan. Agency personnel will
utilize exhibit M of 7 CFR part 1924, subpart A to assist in the
evaluation of the cost certification process.
(c) Notification of loan cancellation. Loans may be canceled after
approval and before loan closing. The Agency
[[Page 69124]]
will notify all parties of the cancellation and the reasons for the
cancellation in accordance with 7 CFR part 1927, subpart B.
Sec. 3560.73 Subsequent loans.
(a) Applicability. The Agency may make a subsequent loan to a
borrower to complete, improve, repair, or make modifications to MFH
initially financed by the Agency or for equity for preservation
purposes. Loan requests to add units to comply with accessibility
requirements may be processed as a subsequent loan; however, loan
requests to add units to meet market demand will be processed as an
initial loan request and must compete under the NOFA.
(b) Application requirements and processing. Upon receipt of a
subsequent loan request, the Agency will inform the applicant what
information is required based on the nature and purpose of the loan
request. Subsequent loan requests do not have to compete for funding
against initial loan proposals.
(c) Amortization and payment period. Subsequent loans will be
amortized over a period not to exceed the lesser of the economic life
of the housing being financed or 50 years and paid over a term not to
exceed the lesser of the economic life of the housing or 30 years from
the date of the loan.
(d) Equity contribution. Applicants for subsequent loans must make
contributions on the loans in the same proportion as outlined in Sec.
3560.63(c). Loan applicants will not be given consideration for any
increased equity value that the property may have since the initial
loan.
(1) Excess initial investment on an initial loan may be credited
toward the required investment on a subsequent loan.
(2) An initial operating capital contribution to the general
operating account as described in Sec. 3560.64 is required for a
subsequent loan approved under the conditions set in Sec. 3560.63(f)
to complete housing construction but is not required for a subsequent
loan to repair or improve existing housing.
(e) Environmental requirements. Subsequent loans are subject to the
completion of an environmental review in accordance with 7 CFR part
1940, subpart G.
(f) Design requirements. All improvements, repairs, and
modifications will be in accordance with 7 CFR part 1924, subparts A
and C.
(g) Architectural services. The applicant must obtain architectural
services when any of the following conditions exist:
(1) Enclosed space is being added,
(2) When required by state law, and
(3) When the Agency determines that the work being proposed
requires architectural services.
(h) Restrictive-use requirements. Subsequent loans are subject to
restrictive-use provisions as outlined in Sec. 3560.662(a) and
borrowers must execute a restrictive-use contract in accordance with
Sec. 3560.72(a)(2).
(i) Designation changes from rural to nonrural. If the designation
of an area changes from rural to nonrural after the initial loan is
made, a subsequent loan may be made only to make necessary improvements
and repairs to the property or for equity when needed to avert
prepayment.
(j) Agency's discretion. The Administrator may approve a subsequent
loan in a place that is not on the list of designated places as a
servicing action, for example, to replace units destroyed by a natural
disaster.
Sec. 3560.74 Loan for final payments.
(a) Use. The Agency may finance final payments for borrowers
holding existing loans for which the Agency approved an amortization
period that exceeded the term of the loan.
(b) Requirements. The Agency may finance final payments if
documentation regarding the market area shows that a need for low-
income rental housing still exists for that area and one of the
following conditions has been met.
(1) It is more cost efficient and serves the tenant base more
effectively to maintain existing MFH than to build another property in
the same location; or
(2) The MFH has been maintained to such an extent that it can be
expected to continue providing affordable, decent, safe and sanitary
housing for 20 years beyond the date of the loan to finance a final
payment; and
(3) Funds are available.
(c) Term. The term of Agency loans to finance final payments will
not exceed 20 years from the date of the initial loan final payment.
Sec. Sec. 3560.75-3560.99 [Reserved]
Sec. 3560.100 OMB control number.
The information collection requirements contained in this
regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0189. Public
reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to
vary from 15 minutes to 18 hours per response, including time for
reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the
collection of information. A person is not required to respond to a
collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB
control number.
Subpart C--Borrower Management and Operations Responsibilities
Sec. 3560.101 General.
This subpart sets forth borrower obligations regarding management
and operations of multi-family housing (MFH) projects financed by the
Agency. As noted in Sec. 3560.6, the borrower requirements listed in
this subpart must be complied with by the borrower. The borrower may
designate in writing a person to act as the borrower's authorized
agent.
Sec. 3560.102 Housing project management.
(a) General. Borrowers hold final responsibility for housing
project management and must ensure that operations comply with the
terms of all loan or grant documents, Agency requirements and
applicable local, state and Federal laws and ordinances. Project
operations shall be conducted to meet the actual needs and necessary
expenses of the property or for any other purpose authorized under
Agency regulations. Any party not meeting these responsibilities may be
subject to penalties. It is expected that only typical and reasonable
expenses be incurred for the services rendered. Consequently, methods
to inflate, duplicate, obscure, or failure to disclose the true nature
and cost of work performed for the services rendered will cause the
Agency to deny budget requests for the services or issue a demand for
recovery and reimbursement for unauthorized actions.
(b) Management plan. Borrowers must develop and maintain a
management plan for each housing project covered by their loan or
grant. The management plan must establish the systems and procedures
necessary to ensure that housing project operations comply with Agency
requirements.
(1) At a minimum, management plans must address the following
items:
(i) Maintenance systems, including procedures for routine
maintenance, capital item repair and replacement, and effective energy
conservation practices;
(ii) Personnel policies, job descriptions, staffing plans, training
procedures for on-site staff. The Borrower will include specific duties
[[Page 69125]]
and responsibilities of each property manager, site manager and
caretaker;
(iii) Front-line management functions to be performed by off-site
staff;
(iv) Plans and procedures for providing supplemental services
including laundry, vending, and security;
(v) Plans for accounting, record keeping and meeting Agency
reporting requirements;
(vi) Procurement procedures;
(vii) Rent and occupancy charge collection procedures, and
procedures for requesting and implementing changes in rents, utility
allowances, or occupancy charges;
(viii) Plans and procedures for marketing rental units and
maintaining compliance with the Affirmative Fair Housing Marketing Plan
in accordance with Sec. 3560.104;
(ix) Unit leases and leasing policies and procedures, including
procedures for maintaining and purging waiting lists, determining
applicant eligibility, certifying and recertifying income, tenant
selection, and occupancy policies such as security deposit amounts,
occupancy rules, termination of leases or occupancy agreements and
eviction;
(x) Plans for allowing tenant participation in property operations
and for fostering tenant relationships with management;
(xi) Procedures for applicant and tenant appeals; and
(xii) Describe how management will make known to tenants and
applicants that management will provide reasonable accommodations under
the Fair Housing Act, section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973,
and regulations implemented thereunder at the borrower's expense unless
to do so would cause an undue financial or administrative burden, how
such requests are to be made, and who within management will have the
authority to approve or disapprove a request for an accommodation.
(2) Loan or grant applicants must submit a management plan before
the Agency will give final approval to the loan or grant application.
The plan must address the required items identified in paragraph (b)(1)
of this section in sufficient detail to enable the Agency to monitor
housing project performance.
(c) Management plan effective period. A management plan remains in
effect as long as it accurately reflects housing project operations and
the housing project is in compliance with the Agency requirements.
(1) Borrowers must submit an updated management plan to the Agency
if operations change or are no longer consistent with the management
plan on file with the Agency.
(2) When there are no changes in operations, borrowers must submit
a certification to the Agency every 3 years stating that operations are
consistent with the management plan and the plan is adequate to assure
compliance with the loan and grant documents and Agency requirements or
applicable local, state and Federal laws.
(3) If the Agency determines that operations are in compliance with
Agency requirements, loan or grant agreements, or applicable local,
state, and Federal laws, but are not consistent with the management
plan, the Agency will require the borrower to:
(i) Revise the management plan to accurately reflect housing
operations;
(ii) Take actions to ensure the management plan is followed; or
(iii) Advise the Agency in writing of the action taken.
(4) When a housing project is being transferred from one borrower
to another, the transferee must submit a management plan that addresses
the required items identified in paragraph (b)(1) of this section in
sufficient detail to enable the Agency to give final approval of the
transfer.
(d) Housing projects with compliance violations. Upon receiving
notice of compliance violations in accordance with Sec. 3560.354,
borrowers must submit to the Agency:
(1) Revisions to the management plan establishing the changes in
housing operations that will be made to restore compliance;
(2) If the borrower determines the compliance violations were due
to a failure to follow the management plan, the borrower must certify
to the Agency that the management plan is adequate to assure compliance
with the applicable requirements of this part and submit a written
description of the actions they will take to ensure the management plan
is followed; or
(3) If the Agency discovers continued discrepancies between a
management plan and housing project operations or compliance
violations, the Agency may require the borrower to install a different
management agent acceptable to the Agency as described in paragraph (e)
of this section.
(e) Acceptable management agents. Borrowers must obtain Agency
approval of the agent proposed to manage a housing project prior to
entering into any formal agreement with the agent and prior to allowing
the agent to assume responsibility for housing project operations.
Borrowers that plan to self-manage a housing project also must receive
Agency approval before assuming responsibility for housing operations.
(1) Borrowers must submit a written request for Agency approval of
the proposed management agent at least 45 days prior to the date the
agent is to assume responsibility for operations. This request must
include a profile of the proposed management agent that provides
sufficient information to allow the Agency to evaluate whether the
agent is acceptable.
(2) The Agency will deny approval of any proposed management agent
that cannot provide evidence of at least two years of experience and
satisfactory performance in directing and overseeing the management of
similar federally-assisted MFH.
(3) The Agency may issue approval of a management agent that does
not meet the requirements of Sec. 3560.102(e)(2) if the management
agent can provide evidence that indicates the ability to successfully
manage a MFH project in accordance with Agency requirements.
(4) If a borrower enters into an agreement with a management agent
or begins to self-manage prior to receiving Agency approval, the Agency
will place the borrower in non-monetary default status and will require
the borrower to immediately terminate the contract with the management
agent.
(f) Self-management. Borrowers may self-manage a housing project
but must receive Agency approval before assuming responsibility for
housing operations. Borrowers that plan to self-manage must meet all
requirements of Sec. 3560.102, except for paragraph (h) of this
section.
(g) Identity-of-interest disclosure. Borrowers and management
agents must disclose to the Agency all identity-of-interest
relationships which they have with firms and must receive Agency
approval to use such firms prior to entering into any contractual
relationships with such entities that involve Agency funds.
(1) This disclosure must include any identity-of-interest
relationships between:
(i) The borrower and the management agent;
(ii) The borrower or management agent and the providers of supplies
and services to the housing project; and
(iii) The borrower or the management agent and employees of any of
the above.
(2) Failure to disclose such relationships may subject the
borrower, the management agent, and the other firms or employees found
to have an identity of interest relationship to suspension, debarment,
or other remedies available to the Agency.
[[Page 69126]]
(3) After disclosure of an identity-of-interest relationship:
(i) The borrower, management agent, and supplier of goods and
services must provide documentation proving that use of identity-of-
interest firms is in the best interest of the housing project;
(ii) Any supplier of goods and services must certify in writing to
the Agency that the individual or organization has a viable, on-going
trade or business qualified and licensed, if appropriate, to do the
work for which a contract is being proposed;
(iii) The borrower, management agent, and supplier of goods and
services must agree, in writing, that all records related to the
housing project will be made available to the Agency, Office of the
Inspector General (OIG), General Accountability Office (GAO), or a
representative of the Agency, upon request; and
(iv) The Agency will deny the use of an identity-of-interest firm
when the Agency determines such use is not in the best interest of the
Federal Government or the tenants.
(h) Management agreement. Borrowers contracting with a management
agent must execute a management agreement that establishes:
(1) The management agent's responsibility to comply with Agency
requirements and local, state, and Federal laws;
(2) That the management fee is payable out of the housing project's
general operating account consistent with the requirements of paragraph
(i) of this section; and
(3) The Agency's authority to terminate the agreement for failure
to operate the housing project in accordance with Agency requirements
or local, state, or Federal laws.
(i) Management fees. Management fees will be an allowable expense
to be paid from the housing project's general operating account only if
the fee is approved by the Agency as a reasonable cost to the housing
project and documented on the management certification. Management fees
must be developed in accordance with the following:
(1) The management fee may compensate the management entity only
for the specifically identified bundle of services to be provided to
the housing project. Costs and services to be paid as part of the
bundle of services include:
(i) Supervision by the management agent and its staff (time,
knowledge, and expertise) of overall operations and capital
improvements of the site.
(ii) Hiring, supervision, and termination of on-site staff.
(iii) General maintenance of project books and records (general
ledger, accounts payable and receivable, payroll, etc.). Preparation
and distribution of payroll for all on-site employees, including the
costs of preparing and submitting all appropriate tax reports and
deposits, unemployment and workers' compensation reports, and other
IRS- or state-required reports.
(iv) Training provided to on-site staff at the project site.
(v) Preparation and submission of proposed annual budgets and
negotiation of approval with the Agency, other governmental agencies
and the borrowers.
(vi) Preparation and distribution of the Agency or other
governmental agency forms and routine financial reports to borrowers.
(vii) Preparation and distribution of required year-end reports to
the Agency or other governmental agency and borrowers.
(viii) Preparation of requests for reserve withdrawals, rent
increases, or other required adjustments.
(ix) Arranging for preparation by outside contractors of energy
audits and utility allowance analysis. Implement appropriate changes.
(x) Preparation and implementation of Affirmative Fair Housing
Marketing Plans as well as general marketing plans and efforts.
(xi) Review of tenant certifications and submission of monthly
rental assistance requests, and overage. Submission of payments where
required.
(xii) Preparation, approval, and distribution of operating
disbursements; oversight of project receipts; and reconciliation of
deposits.
(xiii) Overhead of management agent, including:
(A) Establish, maintain, and control an accounting system
sufficient to carry out accounting supervision responsibilities.
(B) Maintain agent office arrangements, staff, equipment,
furniture, and services necessary to communicate effectively with the
properties, the Agency or other governmental agency and with the
borrowers.
(C) Postage expenses related to the normal responsibility for
mailings to the properties, the Agency or other governmental agency,
the tenants, the vendors, and the owners.
(D) Expense of telephone and facsimile communication to the
properties, tenants, the Agency or other governmental agency, and the
borrowers.
(E) Direct costs of insurance (fidelity bonds covering central
office staff, computer and data coverage, general liability, etc.)
directly related to protection of the funds and records of the
borrower.
(F) Central office staff training and ongoing certifications.
(G) Maintenance of all required profession and business licenses
and permits. (This does not include project site office permits or
licenses.)
(H) Insurance coverage for agent's office and operations (Property,
Auto, Liability, E&O, Casualty, Workers Compensation, etc.)
(I) Travel of agent staff to the properties for on-site inspection,
training, or supervision activities.
(J) Agent bookkeeping for their own business.
(xiv) Attendance at meetings (including travel) with tenants,
owners, and the Agency or other governmental agency.
(xv) Development, preparation, and revision of management plans or
agreements.
(xvi) Coordination of U.S. Department of Housing and Urban
Development (HUD) certifications or vouchers with tenants, including
all reporting to all pertinent agencies and borrowers.
(xvii) Directing the investment of project funds into required
accounts.
(xviii) Maintenance of bank accounts and monthly reconciliations.
(xix) Preparation, request for, and disbursement of borrower's
initial operating capital (for new projects) as well as administration
of annual owner's return on investment.
(xx) Account maintenance, settlement, and disbursement of security
deposits.
(xxi) Working with third party auditors for initial set-up of
audits and annually thereafter for audit preparation and review.
Assistance with supplemental letters and preparation of Agency
financial reports or other governmental agency reports.
(xxii) Storage of records and adherence to records retention
requirements.
(xxiii) Assist on-site staff with tenant relations and problems.
Provide assistance to on-site staff in severe actions (eviction, death,
insurance loss, etc.).
(xxiv) Oversight of general and preventive maintenance procedures
and policies.
(xxv) Development and oversight of asset replacement plans.
(xxvi) Oversight of preparation of section 504 reviews, development
of plans, and implementation of improvements necessary to comply with
plans and section 504 requirements.
[[Page 69127]]
(xxvii) Reporting to general and limited partners and State
agencies for Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC)-compliance purposes.
(2) Management fees may consist of a base per occupied unit fee and
add-on fees for specific housing project characteristics. Management
entities may be eligible to receive the full base per occupied unit fee
for any month or part of a month during which the unit is occupied.
(i) Periodically, the Agency will develop a range of base per
occupied unit fees that will be paid in each state. The Agency will
develop the fees based on a review of housing industry data. The final
base for occupied unit fees for each state will be made available to
all borrowers.
(ii) Periodically, the Agency will develop the amount and
qualifications to receive add-on fees. The final set of qualifications
will be made available to all borrowers.
(3) Allowable Administrative Expenses. (i) Identifying the Type of
Administrative Expense. Management Plans and Agreements must describe
if administrative expenses are to be paid from the management fee or
paid for as a project cost.
(A) A management plan is required for all projects. The management
plan should describe administrative expenses paid from management agent
fees or project operations. The management plan should provide job
descriptions for the site manager, the management agent and other
personnel. It is important that these documents accurately reflect the
duties being performed by the various personnel. The management plan
must meet the standards set out in this rule.
(B) A task list should be used to identify which services are
included in the management fee, which services are included in project
operations, and which are pro-rated along with the methodology used to
pro-rating of expenses between management agent fees and project
operations. Some property responsibilities are completed at the
property and some offsite. Agent responsibilities may be performed at
the property, the management office, or at some other location.
(C) Disputes may arise as to who performs certain services. The
management plan and job descriptions should normally provide sufficient
clarity to avoid or resolve any such disputes; however, sometimes
clarifications and supporting materials may be required to resolve
disputes. The decision must be made based on the most complete
evaluation of the facts presented.
(ii) Allowable Administrative Expenses. Payroll related
administrative expenses are allowable expenses. Postage expense to mail
out rental applications, third-party (asset income and adjustments to
income) verifications, application processing correspondence
(acceptance or denial letters), mailing project invoice payments,
required correspondence, and report submittals to various regulatory
authorities for the managed property are allowable project expenses no
matter what location or point of origin the mail is generated.
Photocopying or printing expense related to actual production of
project brochures, marketing pieces, forms, reports, notices, and
newsletters are allowable project expenses no matter what location or
point of origin the work is performed including outsourcing the work to
a professional printer. Correspondence or reports required for record
retention or project compliance are allowable project expenses. The
cost or expense of equipment and any related equipment service contract
is a management agent direct expense, unless the machine becomes the
property of the project after purchase.
(iii) Determining if Expenses are Reasonable. Generally, expenses
charged to project operations, whether for management agent services or
other expenses, must be reasonable, typical, necessary and show a clear
benefit to the residents of the property. Services and expenses charged
to the property must show value added and be for authorized purposes.
If such value is not apparent, the service or expense should be
examined.
(A) Administrative expenses for project operations exceeding 23
percent, or those typical for the area, of gross potential basic rents
and revenues (i.e., referred to as gross potential rents in industry
publications) highlight a need for closer review for unnecessary
expenditures. Budget approval is required and project resources may not
always permit an otherwise allowable expense to be incurred if it is
not fiscally prudent in the market.
(B) Excessive administrative expenses can result in inadequate
funds to meet other essential project needs, including expenditures for
repair and maintenance needed to keep the project in sound physical
condition. Actions that are improper or not fiscally prudent may
warrant budget disapproval and/or a demand for recovery action.
(4) Unallowable Administrative Expenses.
(i) Certain expenses are not allowable such as legal fees,
association dues, bonuses or monetary performance awards, parties,
computer hardware and some software, and telephone purchases.
(ii) It is inappropriate to charge for legal services to represent
any interest other than the borrower's interest (i.e., representing a
general partner or limited partner to defend their individual owner
interest is not allowable). Where there is no finding of a borrower's
fault, commercially reasonable legal expenses and costs for defending
or settling lawsuits (without admission of liability) are allowable.
(iii) Charging for payment of penalties, including opposition legal
fees resulting from an award finding improper actions on the part of
the owner or management agent is generally an inappropriate project
expense. The party responsible generally pays such expenses for
violating the standards or by their insurance carriers.
(iv) Association dues to be paid by the project should only be
related to training for site managers or management agents. To the
extent that association dues can document training for site managers or
management agents related to project activities by actual cost or pro-
ration, a reasonable expense may be billed to the project.
(v) It is inappropriate for the project to pay for bonuses or
monetary performance awards to site managers or management agents that
are not clearly provided for by the site manager salary contract.
(vi) Billing the project for parties that are large or
unreasonable, such as renting expensive party halls or hotel rooms and
payment for alcoholic beverages or gifts to management agent staff are
also inappropriate.
(vii) It is inappropriate to bill the project for computer
hardware, some software, and internal connections that are beyond the
scope and size reasonably needed for the services supplied (i.e.,
purchasing equipment or software for use by a site manager that is
clearly beyond that needed to support project operations). Note that
computer learning center activities benefiting tenants are not covered
in this prohibition.
(viii) It is inappropriate to bill the project for practices that
are inefficient such as routine use of collect calls from a site
manager to a management agent office.
(j) Management certification. (1) As a condition of approval of the
management agent and the management fee, the borrower and the
management agents must execute an Agency-approved certification
establishing an allowable management fee to be paid
[[Page 69128]]
out of the housing project's general operating account and certifying
that:
(i) The borrower and management agent agree to operate the housing
project in accordance with the management plan;
(ii) The borrower and the management agent will comply with Agency
requirements, loan or grant agreements, applicable local, state and
Federal laws and ordinances, and contract obligations, will certify
that no payments have been made to anyone in return for awarding the
management contract to the management agent, and will agree that such
payments will not be made in the future;
(iii) The borrower and the management agent will comply with Agency
notices or other policy directives that relate to the management of the
housing project;
(iv) The management agreement between the borrower and management
agent complies with the requirements of this section;
(v) The borrower and the management agent will comply with Agency
requirements regarding management fees as specified in paragraph (i) of
this section, and allocation of management costs between the management
fee and the housing project financial accounts specified in Sec.
3560.302(c)(3);
(vi) The borrower and the management agent will not purchase goods
and services from entities that have an identity-of-interest (IOI) with
the borrower or the management agent until the IOI relationship has
been disclosed to the Agency according to paragraph (g) of this
section, not denied by the Agency under paragraph (d)(3) of this
section, and it has been determined that the costs are as low as or
lower than arms-length, open-market purchases; and
(vii) The borrower and the management agent agree that all records
related to the housing project are the property of the housing project
and that the Agency, OIG, or GAO may inspect the housing records and
the records of the borrower, management agent, and suppliers of goods
and services having an IOI with the borrower or with a management agent
acting as an agent of the borrower upon demand.
(2) A certification will be executed each time a management agent
is proposed and a management agreement is executed or renewed. Any
amendment to a management certification must be approved by the Agency
and the borrower.
(k) Procurement. The borrower and the agents of the borrower must
obtain contracts, materials, supplies, utilities, and services at a
reasonable cost and seek the most advantageous terms to the housing
project. Any discounts, rebates, fees, proceeds, or commissions
obtainable with respect to purchases, service contracts, or other
transactions must be credited to the housing project.
(l) Electronic Submission of Data to Agency. For properties with
eight or more housing units, the Agency may specify that borrowers
submit information required by this part electronically.
Sec. 3560.103 Maintaining housing projects.
(a) Physical maintenance. (1) The purposes of physical maintenance
are the following:
(i) Provide decent, safe, and sanitary housing; and
(ii) Maintain the security of the property.
(2) Borrowers are responsible for the long-term, cost-effective
preservation of the housing project.
(3) At all times, borrowers must maintain housing projects in
compliance with local, state and federal laws and regulations and
according to the following Agency requirements for affordable, decent,
safe, and sanitary housing. Agency design requirements are discussed in
Sec. 3560.60. The Agency acknowledges that property maintenance is an
ongoing process and will not penalize borrowers for less than 100
percent compliance as long as it is evident that the borrower is
striving to achieve the standards listed in this paragraph. In
addition, the Agency understands that although its multifamily housing
portfolio is relatively homogeneous, no one standard is appropriate for
all properties.
(i) Utilities. The housing project must have an adequate and safe
water supply, a functional and safe waste disposal system, and must be
free of hazardous waste material.
(ii) Drainage and erosion control. The housing project must have
drainage that effectively protects the housing project from water
damage from standing water and erosion. Units, basements, and crawl
spaces must be free of water seepage.
(iii) Landscaping and grounds. The housing project must be
landscaped attractively. Lawns, plants and shrubs must be maintained
and must allow air to windows, vents, and sills. Recreation areas must
be maintained in a safe and clean manner and trash collection areas
must be adequately sized, screened, and maintained.
(iv) Drives, parking services and walks. The housing project must
have drives, parking lots, and walks that are free of holes and
deterioration. Walks with changes in height between slabs of
approximately \1/2\ inch or greater will be considered unacceptable.
(v) Exterior signage. All signs at the housing project, including
those related to the housing project name, buildings, parking spaces,
unit numbers and other informational directions must be visible and
well-kept. Sign requirements must conform to Sec. 3560.104(d).
(vi) Fences and retaining walls. The housing project must have
fence lines that are free of trash, weeds, vines, and other vegetation.
Fences must be free of holes and damaged or loose sections. The bases
of all retaining walls must be erosion free and drainage weep holes
must be cleaned out to prevent excessive pressure behind the retaining
wall.
(vii) Debris and graffiti. The housing project, including common
areas, must be free of trash, litter, and debris. Public walkways,
walls of buildings and common areas must be free of graffiti.
(viii) Lighting. The housing project must have functional exterior
lighting and functional interior lighting in common areas which permits
safe access and security.
(ix) Foundation. The housing project must have a foundation that is
free of evidence of structural failure, such as uneven settlement
indicated by horizontal cracks or severe bowing of the foundation wall.
Structural members must not have evidence of rot or insect or rodent
infestation.
(x) Exterior walls and siding. The housing project must have walls
that are free from deterioration which allows elements to infiltrate
the structure, eaves, gables, and window trim that are free from
deterioration, exterior wall coverings that are intact, securely
attached, and in good condition. Brick veneers must be free of missing
mortar or bricks.
(xi) Roofs, flashing, and gutters. The housing project must have
gutters and downspouts, where appropriate for climatic conditions, that
are securely attached, clean, and finished or painted properly with
splash blocks or extenders that direct water flow away from the
building. The housing project must have a roof that is free of leaks,
defective covering, curled or missing shingles and which is not sagging
or buckling. Fascia and soffits must be intact.
(xii) Windows, doors, and exterior structures. The housing project
must have screens that are free of tears, breaks and rips and windows
that are unbroken. Window thermopane seals must be unbroken and
caulking on the exterior of windows and doors must be continuous and
free of cracks. Doors
[[Page 69129]]
must be weather tight, free of holes, and provide security with
functional locks. Porches, balconies, and exterior stairs must be free
of broken, missing, or rotting components.
(xiii) Common area accessibility. The housing project must have
accessible, designated handicapped parking spaces with handicapped
space signs properly posted. Common areas must be accessible through
walks, ramps, porches, and thresholds. The laundry room must have
accessible appliances and mailboxes must be at an accessible level.
Elevators or mechanical lifts must be functional and kept in good
repair.
(xiv) Common area signage. The following must be posted in a
conspicuous place in a common area: ``Justice for All'' poster, HUD
equal housing opportunity poster including the Spanish version if there
are Hispanic Limited English Proficiency tenants or applicants, current
affirmative fair housing marketing plan, the tenant grievance and
appeal procedure, housing project occupancy rules, office hours and
phone number, and emergency hours and phone number.
(xv) Flooring. If a housing project has carpeting, the carpet must
be clean, without excessive wear, and seams that are secure and
stretched properly. If the housing project has resilient flooring, the
flooring must be clean, unstained, free of tears and breaks, and seams
that are secure.
(xvi) Walls, floors, and ceilings. The housing project must have
walls, floors, and ceilings that are free of holes, evidence of current
water leaks, and free of material that appears in danger of falling.
The housing project must have wallboard joints that are secure and free
of cracks.
(xvii) Doors and windows. The housing project must have doors that
are free of holes, secure, unbroken and easily operable hardware,
deadbolt locks which are in place and secure, and, if doors are metal,
free of rust. The housing project must have windows which are easily
operated, free of bent blinds or torn curtains, and window interiors
must be free of evidence of moisture damage.
(xviii) Electrical, air conditioning and heating. The housing
project must have heating and cooling units that are free of bare wires
and which are functioning properly, including thermostats. The housing
project must not have uncovered outlets or other evident safety
hazards, switches which work improperly, or light fixtures which are
broken and inoperable.
(xix) Water heaters. The housing project must have water heaters
which are operating properly, free of leaks, supply adequate hot water,
and are fitted with temperature and pressure relief valves.
(xx) Smoke alarms. The housing project must have smoke alarms which
are properly located according to local code and which operate
properly.
(xxi) Emergency call system. If a housing project has an emergency
call system, the switches must be located in the bathroom and bedroom,
furnished with a pull cord, with the down position set to ``ON'', and
must operate properly.
(xxii) Insect or vermin infestation. The housing project must have
all units free of visible signs of insects or rodents and must be free
of signs of insect or rodent damage.
(xxiii) Range and range hood. The housing project must have range
units in which all elements are operable, electrical connections are
secure and insulated, doors and drawers which are secure, control knobs
and handles which are in place and secure, and housing which is sound
and the finish is free of chips, damage, or signs of rust. The range
hood fan and light must be operable.
(xxiv) Refrigerator. The housing project must have refrigerators in
which the cooler and freezer are operating properly, the shelves and
door containers are secure and free of rust, door gaskets are in good
condition and functioning properly, and the housing is sound and the
finish is free of chips, damage, or signs of rust.
(xxv) Sinks. The housing project must have sinks in which the
fittings work properly and are free of leaks, plumbing connections
under the cabinet which are free of leaks, the finish is free of chips,
damage, or signs of rust, the strainer is in good condition and in
place, and which are secured to a wall, counter, or vanity top.
(xxvi) Cabinets. The housing project must have cabinets and
vanities which are secure to walls or floor and have faces, doors, and
drawer fronts that are in good condition and free of breaks and
peeling. Shelving must be in place, fastened securely, and free of
warps. The housing project must have counter tops which are secure and
free of burn marks or chips, bottoms under sinks which are free of
evidence of warping, breaks, or being water soaked. Kitchen counter,
vanity tops, and back splashes must be properly caulked.
(xxvii) Water closets. The housing project must have the base of
the water closets at the floor properly caulked. The tanks must be free
of cracks or leaks and have a lid which fits and is in good condition.
The seats must be secure and in good condition, and the flushing
mechanisms must be in good condition and operating properly. The stools
must be free of cracks and breaks and be securely fastened to the
floor.
(xviii) Bathtub and shower stalls. The housing project must have
tubs or shower stalls which are free of cracks, breaks, and leaks, and
a strainer in good condition and in place. The housing project must
have walls and floors of the bathtubs which are properly caulked, tops
and sides of shower stalls must be properly caulked, and the finish is
free of chips, damage, or signs of rust.
(4) The Agency expects that upon discovery of a condition not in
compliance with the standards listed in this section that the borrower
will remedy the situation in a timeframe required by the Agency. The
Borrower must provide documentation and justification for any failure
to meet such timeframe. Properties with deficiencies in the process of
being addressed will not be deemed to be out of compliance unless there
are so many deficiencies that it would result in a declaration of
substantial noncompliance and call into questions the viability of the
property and the effectiveness of the borrower's maintenance program.
Failure to make such corrections or repairs constitutes a non-monetary
default under Sec. 3560.452(e).
(b) Maintenance systems. Borrowers must establish the following
maintenance systems and must describe these systems in their management
plan.
(1) A system for routine maintenance, including:
(i) Regular maintenance tasks that can be prescheduled or planned;
and
(ii) Tasks performed on a regular basis to maintain compliance with
the standards established in paragraph (a)(3) of this section.
(2) A system for responsive maintenance including:
(i) A process for responding to requests for maintenance from
tenants;
(ii) A process for responding to unexpected malfunctions of
equipment or damages to building systems such as a furnace breakdown or
a water leak; and
(iii) A ``work order'' process for managing and tracking responses
to maintenance requests and the performance of maintenance tasks.
(3) A system for preventive maintenance including:
(i) Maintenance of mechanical systems, building exteriors,
elevators, and heating and cooling systems which require specially
trained personnel; and
(ii) Maintenance that supports energy-efficient operation of the
housing project.
[[Page 69130]]
(4) A system for correcting deficiencies identified by periodic
inspections, which must include:
(i) A move-in inspection;
(ii) A move-out inspection; and
(iii) An annual inspection of occupied units.
(c) Capital budgeting and planning. (1) Borrowers must develop a
capital budget as part of their annual housing project budget required
under Sec. 3560.303. The capital budget must include anticipated
expenditures on the long-term capital needs of the housing project to
assure adequate maintenance and replacement of capital items.
(2) If the borrower requests an increase in the project's reserve
for replacement account, the borrower must have a capital needs
assessment prepared and submitted to the Agency to reflect anticipated
needs of the housing project for replacement of capital equipment and
systems. The cost for preparation of a capital needs assessment will be
approved by the Agency as an eligible housing project expense provided
the capital needs assessment is reasonable in cost and meets Agency
requirements.
(3) [Reserved].
(4) As a part of the annual budget process, borrowers may request
an increase in the amount to be contributed and held in the housing
project reserve account to fund the needs identified in an Agency-
approved capital needs assessment.
(5) At any time, borrowers may request and the Agency may approve
amendments to loan or grant documents to increase the amount of funds
to be contributed and held in a reserve account to cover the cost of
capital improvements based on the needs identified in an Agency
approved capital needs assessment. Borrowers must assure improvements
are performed as specified in the capital needs assessment.
Sec. 3560.104 Fair housing.
(a) General. Borrowers must comply with the requirements of the
Fair Housing Amendments Act of 1988, and this section to meet their
fair housing responsibilities.
(b) Affirmative Fair Housing Marketing Plan. (1) Borrowers with
housing projects that have four or more rental units must prepare and
maintain an Affirmative Fair Housing Marketing Plan (AFHMP) as defined
in 24 CFR part 200, subpart M.
(2) Loan or grant applicants must submit an AFHMP for Agency
approval prior to loan closing or grant approval. Plans must be updated
by the borrower whenever components of the plan change.
(3) Borrowers must post the approved AFHMP for public inspection at
the housing project site, rental office, or at any other location where
tenant applications for the project are received.
(4) When developing the plan, the following items must be
considered by the borrower:
(i) Direction of marketing activities. The plan should be designed
to attract applications for occupancy from all potentially eligible
groups of people in the housing marketing area, regardless of race,
color, religion, sex, age, familial status, national origin, or
disability. The plan must show which efforts will be made to reach very
low-income or low-income groups who would least likely be expected to
apply without special outreach efforts.
(ii) Marketing program. The applicant or borrower should determine
which methods of marketing such as radio, newspaper, TV, signs, etc.,
are best suited to reach those very low-income or low-income groups who
are in the market area but who are least likely to apply for occupancy.
Marketing must not rely on ``word of mouth'' advertising.
(A) Advertising. (1) Frequency. The borrower should advertise
availability of housing units in advance of their availability to allow
time to receive and process applications. Advertising by newsprint or
electronic media must occur at least annually to promote project
visibility, even if there is an adequate waiting list.
(2) Posters, brochures, etc. Any radio, TV or newspaper
advertisement, pamphlets, or brochures used must identify that the
complex is operated on an equal housing opportunity basis. This must be
done through the use of the equal housing opportunity statement,
slogan, or logo type. Copies of the proposed material must be sent when
requesting approval of the plan.
(B) Community contacts. Community leaders and special interest
groups such as community, public interest, religious organizations, and
organizations for the disabled must be contacted. Owners and managers
of projects with fully accessible apartments must adopt suitable means
to ensure that information regarding the availability of accessible
units reaches eligible persons with disabilities. In addition, owners
and managers of elderly housing must ensure that information regarding
eligibility reaches people who are less than 62 years old but who are
eligible because they are disabled. Appropriate contacts are with
physical rehabilitation centers, hospitals, workshops for the disabled,
commissions on aging, and veterans organizations.
(C) Rental staff. All staff persons responsible for renting the
units must have had training provided on Federal, state, and local fair
housing laws and regulations and in the requirements of fair housing
marketing and in those actions necessary to carry out the marketing
plan. Copies of instructions to the staff regarding fair housing and a
summary of the training they have received must be attached to the plan
when requesting approval.
(iii) Marketing records. Records must be maintained by the borrower
reflecting efforts to fulfill the plan. These records will be reviewed
by the Agency during civil rights compliance reviews. Plans will be
updated as needed.
(c) Accommodations and communication. The borrower must take
appropriate steps to ensure effective communication with applicants,
tenants, and members of the public with disabilities. At a minimum, the
following steps must be taken:
(1) Furnish appropriate auxiliary aids (electronic, mechanical, or
personal assistance) where necessary, to afford an individual with
disabilities an equal opportunity to participate in and enjoy the
benefits of Agency financed housing.
(i) In determining what auxiliary aids are necessary, the borrower
must give primary consideration to the requests of individuals with
disabilities.
(ii) The borrower is not required to provide individually
prescribed devices, readers for personal use or study, or other devices
of a personal nature.
(2) Where a borrower communicates with applicants and tenants by
telephone, telecommunication devices for deaf persons or equally
effective communication systems must be available for use.
(3) The borrower must implement procedures to ensure that
interested persons, including persons with impaired vision or hearing,
can obtain information concerning the existence and location of
accessible services, activities, and facilities in the housing project
and community.
(4) The borrower is required to provide reasonable accommodations
at the project's expense unless doing so would result in undue
financial or administrative burden on the project. Examples of
reasonable accommodations may include such items as the installation of
grab bars, ramps, and roll-in showers. Reasonable accommodations may
also include the modification of rules or policies such as permitting a
disabled tenant to have a
[[Page 69131]]
two-bedroom unit to accommodate a resident assistant or to permit a
disabled tenant to have a companion animal. The decision whether the
requested accommodation is reasonable or unreasonable or whether to
provide the accommodation would cause an undue financial or
administrative burden lies with the borrower and would be for the
borrower to defend should a complaint subsequently be filed. Borrowers
may wish to consult with their legal counsel prior to denying a
request. If the borrower takes the position that providing an
accommodation would cause an undue financial or administrative burden,
the borrower must permit the tenant to make reasonable modifications at
the tenant's expense. Requests for reasonable accommodations must be
handled in accordance with the management plan.
(d) Housing sign requirements. (1) A permanent sign identifying the
housing project is required for all housing projects approved on or
after September 13, 1977. Permanent signs are recommended for all
housing projects approved prior to September 13, 1977. The sign must
meet the following requirements:
(i) Must be located at the primary site entrance and be readable
and recognizable from the roadside;
(ii) Must be located near the site manager's office when the
housing project has multiple sites and portable signs must be placed
where vacancies exist at other site locations of a ``scattered site''
housing project;
(iii) May be of any shape;
(iv) Must be not less than 16 square feet of area for housing
projects with 8 or more rental units (smaller housing projects may have
smaller signs);
(v) Must be made of durable material including its supports;
(vi) Must include the housing project name;
(vii) Must show rental contact information including but not
limited to the office location of the housing project and a telephone
number where applicant inquiries may be made;
(viii) Must show either the equal housing opportunity logotype (the
house and equal sign, with the words equal housing opportunity
underneath the house); the equal housing opportunity slogan ``equal
housing opportunity''; or the equal housing opportunity statement, ``We
are pledged to the letter and spirit of U.S. policy for the achievement
of equal housing opportunity throughout the nation. We encourage and
support an affirmative advertising and marketing program in which there
are no barriers to obtaining housing because of race, color, religion,
sex, handicap, familial status, or national origin.'' If the logotype
is used, the size of the logo must be no less than 5 percent of the
total size of the project sign.
(ix) May display the Agency or Department logotype; and
(x) Must comply with state and local codes.
(2) Accessible parking spaces must be reserved for individuals with
disabilities by a sign showing the international symbol of
accessibility. The sign must be mounted on a post at a height that is
readily visible from an occupied vehicle. In snow areas, the sign must
be visible above piled snow. If there is an office, the designated
parking space must be van accessible.
(3) When the continuous unobstructed ingress or egress disabled
accessibility route to a primary building entrance is other than the
usual or obvious route, the alternate route for disabled accessibility
must be clearly marked with international accessibility symbols and
directional signs to aid a disabled person's ingress or egress to the
building, through an accessible entrance, and to the accessible common
use and public and living areas.
Sec. 3560.105 Insurance and taxes.
(a) General. Borrowers must purchase and maintain property
insurance on all buildings included as security for an Agency loan.
Also, borrowers must furnish fidelity coverage, liability insurance,
and any other insurance coverage required by the Agency in accordance
with this paragraph to protect the security of the asset. Failure to
maintain adequate insurance coverage or pay taxes may lead to a non-
monetary default under Sec. 3560.452(c).
(b) General insurance requirements. All insurance policies must
meet the requirements established by the loan documents and this
section.
(1) At loan closing, prior to loan approval, applicants must
provide documentary evidence that insurance requirements have been met.
The borrower must maintain insurance in accordance with requirements of
their loan or grant documents and this section until the loan is repaid
or the terms of the grant expire.
(2) Insurance companies must meet the requirements of paragraph (e)
of this section.
(3) Insurance coverage amount, terms, and conditions must meet the
requirements of paragraph (f) of this section.
(4) The Agency must be named as loss co-payee on all property
insurance policies where it holds first lien position. The Agency must
be named as an additional insured if its lien position is other than
first.
(c) Borrower failure or inability to meet insurance requirements.
The Agency will take the following actions in cases where a borrower is
unwilling or unable to meet the Agency's insurance requirements:
(1) The Agency will obtain insurance for Agency financed property
if the borrower fails to do so. If borrowers refuse to pay the
insurance premium, the Agency will pay the insurance premium and charge
the premium payment amount to the borrower's Agency account and will
place the borrower in default as described in Sec. 3560.452(c).
(2) If borrowers habitually fail to pay premiums in a timely
manner, the Agency will require borrowers to escrow amounts appropriate
to pay insurance premiums.
(3) If insurance that meets the Agency's specified requirements is
not available (e.g. flood or hurricane insurance), the Agency may
accept the insurance policy that most nearly conforms to established
requirements.
(4) If the best insurance policy a borrower can obtain at the time
the borrower receives the loan or grant contains a loss deductible
clause greater than that allowed by paragraph (f)(8) of this section,
the insurance policy and an explanation of the reasons why more
adequate insurance is not available must be submitted to the Agency
prior to loan or grant approval.
(d) Credits, refunds, or rebates. Borrowers must credit any refund
or rebate from an insurance company to the project's general operating
account or reserve account.
(e) Insurance company requirements. All insurers, insurance agents,
and brokers must meet the following requirements:
(1) Be licensed or authorized to do business in the state or
jurisdiction where the housing project is located; and
(2) Be deemed reputable and financially sound as determined by the
Agency.
(f) Property insurance. The following conditions apply to property
insurance purchased for Agency-financed housing projects.
(1) At a minimum, borrowers must obtain the following types of
property insurance:
(i) Hazard insurance. A policy which generally covers loss or
damage by fire, smoke, lightning, hail, explosion, riot, civil
commotion, aircraft, and vehicles. These policies may also be known as
``Fire and Extended Coverage,''
[[Page 69132]]
``Homeowners,'' ``All Physical Loss,'' or ``Broad Form'' policies.
(ii) Flood insurance. This coverage is required for properties
located in Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHA) as defined in 44 CFR part
65, as determined by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).
(iii) Builder's risk insurance. A policy that insures dwellings
under construction or rehabilitation.
(iv) Elevators, boiler, and machinery coverage. This coverage is
required for properties that operate elevators, steam boilers,
turbines, engines, or other pressure vessels.
(2) Other types of insurance that the Agency may require:
(i) Windstorm Coverage.
(ii) Earthquake Coverage.
(iii) Sinkhole Insurance or Mine Subsidence Insurance.
(3) For property insurance, the minimum coverage amount must equal
the ``Total Estimated Reproduction Cost of New Improvements,'' as
reflected in the housing project's most recent appraisal. At a minimum,
property insurance coverage must be adequate to cover the lesser of the
depreciated replacement value of essential buildings or the unpaid
balance of all secured debt, unless such coverage is financially
unfeasible for the housing project.
(i) If the cost of the minimum level of property insurance coverage
exceeds what the housing project can reasonably afford, the borrower,
with Agency concurrence, must obtain the maximum amount of property
insurance coverage that the housing project can afford.
(ii) If the coverage amount is less than the depreciated
replacement value of all essential buildings, borrowers must obtain
coverage on one or more of the most essential buildings, as determined
by the Agency.
(iii) When required, the coverage amount for flood insurance must
equal the outstanding loan balance or the maximum coverage allowed by
FEMA's ``National Flood Insurance Program.''
(4) Except for flood insurance, property insurance is not required
if the housing project:
(i) Has a depreciated replacement value of $2,500 or less; or
(ii) Is in a condition which the Agency determines makes insurance
coverage not economical.
(5) Policies for several buildings or properties located on
noncontiguous sites are acceptable if the insurer provides proof that
each secured building or property related to the housing project is as
fully protected as if a separate policy were issued.
(6) Borrowers must notify the Agency and their insurance company
agents of any loss or damage to insured property and collect the amount
of the loss.
(7) When the Agency is in the first lien position and an insurance
settlement represents a satisfactory adjustment of a loss, the
insurance settlement will be deposited in the housing project's general
operating account unless the settlement exceeds $5,000. If the
settlement exceeds $5,000, the funds will be placed in the reserve
account for the housing project.
(i) Insurance settlement funds which remain after all repairs,
replacements, and other authorized disbursements have been made retain
their status as housing project funds.
(ii) If the indebtedness secured by the insured property has been
paid in full or the insurance settlement is in payment for loss of
property on which the Agency has no claim; a loss draft which includes
the Agency as co-payee may be endorsed by the Agency without recourse
and delivered to the borrower.
(8) When the Agency is not in the first lien position and the
insurance settlement represents satisfactory adjustment of the loss,
the Agency will release the settlement funds to the primary mortgagee
upon agreement of all parties to the provisions contained in agreements
between the Agency and the primary lienholder.
(9) Allowable deductible amounts are as follows:
(i) Hazard/Property Insurance. (A) $1,000 on any housing project
with an insurable value under $200,000; or
(B) One-half of one percent (0.0050) of the insurable value, up to
$10,000 on housing projects with insurance values over $200,000.
(ii) Flood Insurance. The Agency allows a maximum deductible of
$5,000 per building.
(iii) Windstorm Coverage. When windstorm coverage is excluded from
the ``All Risk'' policy, the deductible must not exceed five percent of
the total insured value.
(iv) Earthquake Coverage. In the event that the borrower obtains
earthquake coverage, the Agency is to be named as a loss payee. The
deductible should be no more than 10 percent of the coverage amount.
(v) Sinkhole Insurance or Mine Subsidence Insurance. The deductible
for sinkhole insurance or mine subsidence insurance should be similar
to what would be required for earthquake insurance.
(10) Deductible amounts (excluding flood, windstorm, earthquake and
sinkhole insurance or mine subsidence insurance) must be accounted for
in the replacement reserve account. Borrowers who wish to increase the
deductible amount must deposit an additional amount to the reserve
account equal to the difference between the Agency's maximum deductible
and the requested new deductible. The Borrower will be required to
maintain this additional amount so long as the higher deductible is in
force.
(g) Liability insurance. The borrower must carry comprehensive
general liability insurance with coverage amounts that meet or exceed
Agency requirements. This coverage must insure all common areas,
commercial space, and public ways in the security premises. Coverage
may also include borrower exposure to certain risks such as errors and
omissions, environmental damages, or protection against discrimination
claims. The insurer's limit of liability per occurrence for personal
injury, bodily injury, or property damage under the terms of coverage
must be at least $1 million.
(h) Fidelity coverage. Borrowers must provide fidelity coverage on
any personnel entrusted with the receipt, custody, and disbursement of
any housing monies, securities, or readily salable property other than
money or securities. Borrowers must have fidelity coverage in force as
soon as there are assets within the organization and it must be
obtained before any loan funds or interim financing funds are made
available to the borrower. In addition, the following conditions apply
to fidelity insurance:
(1) Fidelity insurance coverage must be documented on a bond form
acceptable to the Agency.
(2) Fidelity coverage policies must declare in the insuring
agreements that the insurance company will provide protection to the
insured against the loss of money, securities, and property other than
money and securities, through any criminal or dishonest act or acts
committed by any employee, whether acting alone or in collusion with
others, not to exceed the amount of indemnity stated in the declaration
of coverage.
(i) The fidelity insurance policy, at a minimum, must include an
insuring agreement that covers employee dishonesty.
(ii) Fidelity coverage amounts and deductible:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deductible
Fidelity coverage level
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Under $50,000.............................................. $1,000
In the area of $100,000.................................... 2,500
In the area of $250,000.................................... 5,000
In the area of $500,000.................................... 10,000
In the area of $1,000,000.................................. 15,000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 69133]]
(3) Blanket crime insurance coverage or fidelity bonds are
acceptable types of fidelity coverage.
(4) At a minimum, borrowers must provide an endorsement, listing
all of the borrower's Agency financed properties and their locations
covered under the policy or bond as evidence of required fidelity
insurance. The policy or bond may also include properties or operations
other than Agency financed properties on separate endorsement listings.
(5) Individual or organizational borrowers must have fidelity
coverage when they have employees with access to the MFH complex
assets. Borrowers who use a management agent with exclusive access to
housing assets must require the agent to have fidelity coverage on all
principals and employees with access to the housing assets. If active
management reverts to the borrower, the borrower must obtain fidelity
coverage, as a first course of business.
(6) Fidelity coverage is not required under the following
circumstances:
(i) The borrower is an individual or a general partnership and the
individual or general partner will be responsible for the financial
activities of the housing project.
(ii) In the case of a land trust where the beneficiary is
responsible for management, the beneficiary will be treated as an
individual.
(iii) A limited partnership (or its general partners) unless one or
more of its general partners perform financial acts within the scope of
the usual duties of an ``employee.''
(7) The premium for fidelity coverage of employees and general
partners at a housing project is an eligible operating account expense.
(i) The premium of a management agent's fidelity coverage for the
agent's principals and employees will be the management agent's
business expense (i.e., it is included within the management fee).
(ii) When a housing project employee is covered under the
``umbrella'' of the management agent's fidelity coverage, the premium
may be prorated among the housing projects covered..
(8) Borrowers must review fidelity coverage annually and adjust it
as necessary to comply with the requirements of this section.
(i) Taxes. The borrower is responsible for paying all taxes and
assessments on a housing project before they become delinquent.
(1) An exception to the above may be made if the borrower has
formally contested the amount of the property assessment and escrowed
the amount of taxes in question in a manner approved by the Agency.
(2) Failure to pay taxes and assessments when due will be
considered a default. If a borrower fails to pay outstanding taxes and
assessments, the Agency will pay the outstanding balance and charge the
tax or assessment amount, assessed penalties, and any additional
incurred costs to the borrower's Agency account.
(3) The Agency will require borrowers who have demonstrated an
inability to pay taxes in a timely manner to escrow amounts sufficient
to pay taxes.
Sec. Sec. 3560.106-3560.149 [Reserved].
Sec. 3560.150 OMB control number.
The information collection requirements contained in this
regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0189. Public
reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to
vary from 15 minutes to 18 hours per response, including time for
reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the
collection of information. A person is not required to respond to a
collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB
control number.
Subpart D--Multi-Family Housing Occupancy
Sec. 3560.151 General.
(a) Applicability. This subpart contains borrower and tenant
requirements and Agency responsibilities related to occupancy of
Agency-financed multi-family housing (MFH) projects. Occupancy
eligibility requirements apply to the following:
(1) Family housing projects, including farm labor housing;
(2) Elderly housing projects; and
(3) Congregate housing or group homes for persons with special
needs.
(b) Civil rights requirements. All occupancy policies must meet
applicable civil rights requirements, as stated in Sec. 3560.2.
Sec. 3560.152 Tenant eligibility.
(a) General requirements. Except as specified in paragraph (b) of
this section, a tenant eligible for occupancy in Agency-financed
housing must either:
(1) Be a United States citizen or qualified alien, and
(2) Qualify as a very low-, low-, or moderate-income household; or
(3) Be eligible under the requirements established to qualify for
housing benefits provided by sources other than the Agency, such as
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Section 8
assistance or Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC), when a tenant
receives such housing benefits.
(b) Exception. Households with incomes above the moderate-income
level may occupy housing projects with an Agency loan approved prior to
1968 with a loan agreement that does not restrict occupancy by income.
(c) Requirements for elderly housing, elderly units in mixed
housing, congregate housing, and group homes. In addition to the
requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, the following occupancy
requirements apply to elderly housing, elderly units in mixed housing,
and congregate housing or group homes:
(1) For elderly housing, elderly units in mixed housing, and
congregate housing the following provisions apply:
(i) Households must meet the definition of an elderly household in
Sec. 3560.11 to be eligible for occupancy in elderly or congregate
housing.
(ii) If non-elderly persons are members of a household where the
tenant or co-tenant is an elderly person, the non-elderly persons are
eligible for occupancy in the tenant's or co-tenant's rental unit.
(iii) Applicants who will agree to participate in the services
provided by a congregate housing project may be given occupancy
priority.
(2) For group homes, the following provisions apply:
(i) Occupancy may be limited to a specific group of tenants, such
as elderly persons or persons with developmental disabilities, or
mental impairments, if such an occupancy limitation is contained in the
borrower's management plan.
(ii) Tenants must be able to demonstrate a need for the special
services provided by the group home.
(iii) Tenants cannot be required to participate in an ongoing
training or rehabilitation program.
(iv) Tenants must be selected from the market area prior to
considering applicants from other areas.
(d) Ineligible tenant waiver. The Agency may authorize the borrower
in writing, upon receiving the borrower's written request with the
necessary documentation, to rent vacant units to ineligible persons for
temporary periods to protect the financial interest of the Government.
Likewise, this provision may extend to a cooperative. This authority
will be for the entire project for periods not to exceed one year.
[[Page 69134]]
Within the period of the lease, the tenant may not be required to move
to allow an eligible applicant to obtain occupancy, should one become
available. The Agency must make the following determinations:
(1) There are no eligible persons on a waiting list.
(2) The borrower provided documentation that a diligent but
unsuccessful effort to rent any vacant units to an eligible tenant
household has been made. Such documentation may consist of
advertisements in appropriate publications, posting notices in several
public places, including places where persons seeking rental housing
would likely make contacts, holding open houses, making appropriate
contacts with public housing agencies and organizations, Chambers of
Commerce, and real estate agencies.
(3) The borrower agrees to continue with aggressive efforts to
locate eligible tenants and retain documentation of all marketing.
(4) The borrower is temporarily unable to achieve or maintain a
level of occupancy sufficient to prevent financial default and
foreclosure. The Agency's approval of the waiver would then be for a
limited duration.
(5) The lease agreement will not be more than 12 months and at its
expiration will convert to a month-to-month lease. The monthly lease
will require that the unit be vacated upon 30 days notice when an
eligible applicant is available.
(6) Tenants residing in Rural Rental Housing (RRH) units who are
ineligible because their adjusted annual income exceeds the maximum for
the RRH project will be charged the Rural Housing Service (RHS)
approved note rent for the size of unit occupied in a Plan II RRH
project. In projects operated under Plan I, ineligible tenants will be
charged a rental surcharge of 25 percent of the approved note rent.
(e) Tenant certification and verification. Tenants and borrowers
must execute an Agency-approved tenant certification form establishing
the tenant's eligibility prior to occupancy. In addition, tenant
households must be recertified and must execute a tenant certification
form at least annually or whenever a change in household income of $100
or more per month occurs. Borrowers must recertify for changes of $50
per month, if the tenant requests that such a change be made.
(1) Tenant requirements. (i) Tenants must provide borrowers with
the necessary income and other household information required by the
Agency to determine eligibility.
(ii) Tenants must authorize borrowers to verify information
provided to establish their eligibility or determination of tenant
contribution.
(iii) Tenants must report all changes in household status that may
affect their eligibility to borrowers.
(iv) Tenants who fail to comply with tenant certification and
recertification requirements will be considered ineligible for
occupancy and will be subject to unauthorized assistance claims, if
applicable, as specified in subpart O of this part.
(2) Borrower requirements. (i) Borrowers must verify household
income and other information necessary to establish tenant eligibility
for the requested rental unit type, in a format approved by the Agency,
prior to a tenant's initial occupancy and prior to annual or other
recertifications.
(ii) Borrowers must review all reported changes in household status
and assess the impact of these changes on the tenant's eligibility or
tenant contribution.
(iii) Borrowers must submit initial or updated tenant certification
forms to the Agency within 10 days of the effective date of an initial
certification or any changes in a tenant's status. The effective date
of an initial or updated tenant certification form will always be a
first day of the month.
(iv) Since tenant certifications are used to document interest
credit and rental assistance eligibility and are a basic responsibility
of the borrower under the loan documents, borrowers who fail to submit
annual or updated tenant certification forms within the time period
specified in paragraph (e)(2)(iii) of this section will be charged
overage, as specified in Sec. 3560.203(c). Unauthorized assistance, if
any, will be handled in accordance with subpart O of this part.
(v) Borrowers must submit tenant certification forms to the Agency
using a format approved by the Agency.
(vi) Borrowers must retain executed tenant certification forms and
any supporting documentation in the tenant file for at least 3 years or
until the next Agency monitoring visit or compliance review, whichever
is longer.
(3) The Agency maintains the right to independently verify tenant
eligibility information.
Sec. 3560.153 Calculation of household income and assets.
(a) Annual income will be calculated in accordance with 24 CFR
5.609.
(b) Adjusted income will be calculated in accordance with 24 CFR
5.611.
Sec. 3560.154 Tenant selection.
(a) Application for occupancy. Borrowers must use tenant
application forms that collect sufficient information to properly
determine household eligibility and to enable the Agency to monitor
compliance with the Fair Housing Act, section 504 of the Rehabilitation
Act of 1973, and title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 during
compliance reviews. At a minimum, borrowers must use application forms
that collect the following information:
(1) Name of the applicant and present address;
(2) Number of household members and their birthdates;
(3) Annual income information calculated in accordance with Sec.
3560.153(a);
(4) Adjustments to income calculated in accordance with Sec.
3560.153(b);
(5) Net assets calculated in accordance with Sec. 3560.153(c);
(6) Indication of a need for a unit accessible to individuals with
disabilities and any disability adjustments to income;
(7) Certification by the applicant that the unit will serve as the
household's primary residence, and a certification that the applicant
is a U.S. citizen or a qualified alien as defined in Sec. 3560.11;
(8) Signature of the applicant and date;
(9) Race, ethnicity, and sex designation. The following disclosure
notice shall be used:
``The information regarding race, ethnicity, and sex designation
solicited on this application is requested in order to assure the
Federal Government, acting through the Rural Housing Service, that
the Federal laws prohibiting discrimination against tenant
applications on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion,
sex, familial status, age, and disability are complied with. You are
not required to furnish this information, but are encouraged to do
so. This information will not be used in evaluating your application
or to discriminate against you in any way. However, if you choose
not to furnish it, the owner is required to note the race,
ethnicity, and sex of individual applicants on the basis of visual
observation or surname,'' and
(10) Social security number.
(b) Additional information. Applicants are to be provided a list of
any additional information that must be submitted with the application
for the application to be considered complete (an application will be
considered complete without verification of the applicant information).
The list of information will be restricted to the same items for all
Agency-assisted properties of a particular type, such as a family or
elderly complex.
[[Page 69135]]
(c) Application submission. Borrowers must establish when
applications may be submitted. Information on the place and times for
tenant application submission must be documented in the housing
project's management plan and Affirmative Fair Housing Marketing Plan.
(d) Selection of eligible applicants. (1) Applicants may be
determined ineligible for occupancy based on selection criteria other
than Agency requirements only if such criteria are contained in the
borrower's management plan. Borrower established selection criteria may
not contain arbitrary or discriminatory rejection criteria, but may
consider an applicant's past rental and credit history and relations
with other tenants.
(2) Borrowers with projects receiving low-income housing tax
credits (LIHTCs), may leave a housing unit vacant if they are required
to rent the available unit to an LIHTC-eligible applicant, and none of
the applicants on the waiting list meet the applicable LIHTC
eligibility requirements.
(e) Recordkeeping. Borrowers must retain all tenant application
forms for at least 3 years. The Agency may require borrowers to submit
application information for Agency review.
(f) Waiting lists. (1) When an applicant has submitted an
application form the borrower must place the applicant on the waiting
list. All applications, whether complete, eligible, or ineligible, will
be placed on the list. The waiting list will document the final
disposition of all applications (rejected, withdrawn, or placed in a
unit).
(2) The date and time a complete application was submitted will be
recorded on the waiting list and will establish priority for selection
from the list. If an applicant submits an incomplete application (see
paragraph (a) of this section), they must be notified in writing within
10 days of the items that are needed for the application to be
considered complete and that priority will not be established until the
additional items are received.
(3) The race and the ethnicity of each applicant shall be recorded
on the waiting list. This information shall be collected for
statistical purposes only and must not be used when making eligibility
determinations or in any other discriminatory manner. The information
shall be recorded using the race and ethnicity codes that are utilized
on the Agency tenant certification form available in the servicing
office.
(4) Within 10 days of receipt of a complete application, the
Borrower must notify the applicant in writing that he has been selected
for immediate occupancy, placed on a waiting list, or rejected.
(5) Selections from the completed applications on the waiting list
shall be made in the following priority order:
(i) Very low-income applicants;
(ii) Low-income applicants; and
(iii) Moderate-income applicants.
(g) Priorities and preferences for admission. (1) Eligible
applicants that meet the following conditions must be given priority
for occupancy over all other tenants regardless of income. Such
applicants, however, will be ranked among themselves by income level,
giving priority first to very low-income households, then to low-income
households, and finally to moderate-income households.
(i) Persons who require the special design features of a unit
accessible to individuals with disabilities will have priority only for
units with these features.
(ii) In congregate housing facilities, persons who agree to use the
services provided by the facility will have priority over other
applicants.
(2) Eligible applicants that meet any of the following conditions
must be given priority over other applicants in their same income
category.
(i) The applicant has a Letter of Priority Entitlement (LOPE)
issued in accordance with Sec. 3560.660(c).
(ii) The applicant was displaced from Agency-financed housing but
was not issued a LOPE.
(iii) The applicant was displaced in a Federally declared disaster
area.
(3) Borrowers receiving Section 8 project-based assistance may
establish preferences in accordance with U.S. Department of Housing and
Urban Development (HUD) regulations. The use of such preferences must
be documented in the project's management plan.
(h) Notices of ineligibility or rejection. Borrowers must provide
written notification to applicants who are determined to be ineligible
or who are rejected for occupancy. Notices of ineligibility or
rejection must give specific reasons for the ineligibility
determination or rejection and, in accordance with Sec. 3560.160, the
notice must advise the applicant of ``the right to respond to the
notice within ten calendar days after receipt'' and of ``the right to a
hearing in accordance with Sec. 3560.160 which is available upon
request.'' When an applicant is rejected based on the information from
a credit bureau report, the source of the credit bureau report must be
revealed to the applicant in accordance with the Fair Credit Reporting
Act.
(i) Purging waiting list. Procedures used by borrowers to purge
waiting list must be documented in the project's management plan and
must be based on the length of the waiting list or the extent of time
an applicant will be expected to wait for housing. At a minimum,
borrowers must document removal of any names from the waiting list with
the time and date of the removal. If an electronic waiting list is
used, borrowers must periodically print out electronic waiting lists or
preserve backup copies showing how the waiting list appeared before and
after the removal of each name.
(j) Criminal activity. Borrowers may deny admission for criminal
activity or alcohol abuse by household members in accordance with the
provisions of 24 CFR 5.854, 5.855, 5.856, and 5.857.
Sec. 3560.155 Assignment of rental units and occupancy policies.
(a) General. Available rental units are assigned in accordance with
the requirements of this section and the priorities and preferences
outlined in Sec. 3560.154.
(b) Rental units accessible to individuals with disabilities. If a
rental unit accessible to individuals with disabilities is available
and there are no applicants that require the features of the unit,
borrowers may rent the unit to a non-disabled tenant subject to the
inclusion of a lease provision that requires the tenant to vacate the
unit within 30 days of notification from management that an eligible
individual with disabilities requires the unit and provided the
accessible unit has been marketed as an accessible unit, outreach has
been made to organizations representing the disabled, and marketing of
the unit as an accessible unit continues after it has been rented to a
tenant who is not in need of the special design features.
(c) Transfer of existing tenants within a housing project. When a
rental unit becomes available for occupancy and an eligible tenant in
the housing project is either over housed or under housed as provided
for in paragraph (e) of this section, the borrower must use the
available unit for the over housed or under housed tenant, if suitable,
prior to selecting an eligible applicant from the waiting list.
(d) Applicant placement. When a specific rental unit type becomes
available for occupancy, borrowers must select eligible applicants
suitable for the available unit according to the priorities established
in Sec. 3560.154.
[[Page 69136]]
(e) Occupancy policies. Borrowers must establish occupancy policies
for each housing project. Households living in a rental unit with more
bedrooms than persons in the household will be considered over housed
and must be relocated in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.
Households under housed as defined by the project's occupancy standards
must be relocated in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.
Borrowers with no one-bedroom units in a housing project may make an
exception to this requirement in their occupancy policies. In addition,
a borrower's occupancy policies must establish:
(1) Reasonable standards for determining when a tenant household is
considered under housed. The standards will describe the maximum number
of persons that may occupy units of a given size based on occupancy
guidelines provided by the Agency or another governmental source;
(2) The order in which eligible applicants and existing tenants
will be housed or re-housed; and
(3) How fair housing requirements will be met, including how
reasonable accommodations will be made for applicants and tenants with
disabilities.
(f) Agency concurrence. The Agency must concur with a borrower's
occupancy rules prior to initial occupancy of the housing project. All
modifications to occupancy rules must be posted for tenant comment in
accordance with Sec. 3560.160 and receive Agency concurrence prior to
implementation.
Sec. 3560.156 Lease requirements.
(a) Agency approval. Borrowers must use a lease approved by the
Agency. The lease must be consistent with Agency requirements and the
requirements of all programs participating in the housing project.
Prior to submitting the lease to the Agency for approval, borrowers
must have their attorney certify that the lease complies with state and
local laws, Agency requirements, and the requirements of all programs
participating in the housing project. If there are conflicting
requirements the borrower shall notify the Agency of the conflict and
request guidance. Borrowers must execute their Agency approved lease
with each tenant household prior to tenant occupancy of a rental unit.
(b) Lease requirements. (1) All leases must be in writing.
(2) Initial leases must be for a 1-year period.
(3) If the tenant is not subject to occupancy termination according
to Sec. 3560.158 and Sec. 3560.159, a renewal lease or lease
extension must be for a 1-year period.
(4) In areas with a concentration of non-English speaking
populations, leases (including the occupancy rules) must be available
in both English and the non-English language.
(5) Leases must give the address of the management agent to which
tenants may direct complaints.
(6) Leases must include a statement of the terms and conditions for
modifying the lease.
(c) Required items and provisions. (1) Leases for tenants who hold
a Letter of Priority Entitlement (LOPE) issued according to Sec.
3560.655(d) and are temporarily occupying a unit for which they are not
eligible must include a clause establishing the tenant's responsibility
to move when a suitable unit becomes available in the housing project.
(2) Leases must contain a clause permitting escalation in the
tenant contribution when there is an Agency-approved change in basic or
note rate rents prior to the expiration of the lease. The escalation
clause also must specify that the tenant contribution may be changed
prior to expiration of the lease if the change is due to changes in
tenant status, as documented on the tenant certification form, or the
tenant's failure to properly recertify.
(3) Leases must specify that no change in the tenant contribution
will occur due to monetary or non-monetary default or when rental
assistance or interest credit, is suspended, canceled, or terminated
due to the borrower's fault. For information on tenant contributions
when a borrower prepays the Agency loan, refer to subpart N of this
part.
(4) Leases must contain a requirement that tenants make restitution
when unauthorized assistance is received due to applicant or tenant
fraud or misrepresentation and a statement advising tenants that
submission of false information could result in legal action.
(5) Leases must include a statement that the housing project is
financed by the Agency and that the Agency has the right to further
verify information provided by the applicant.
(6) Leases must state that the housing project is subject to:
(i) Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964;
(ii) Title VIII of the Fair Housing Act;
(iii) Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973; and
(iv) The Age Discrimination Act of 1975.
(7) Leases must establish the tenant's responsibility according to
the housing project's occupancy rules to move to the next available
appropriately sized rental unit if the household becomes over housed or
under housed in the unit they occupy.
(8) Leases must include provisions that establish when a guest will
be considered a member of the household and be required to be added to
the tenant certification.
(9) Leases must include a provision stating that tenancy continues
until the tenant's possessions are removed from the housing either
voluntarily or by legal means, subject to state and local law.
(10) Leases must include a requirement that tenants who are no
longer eligible for occupancy under the housing project's occupancy
rules or do not meet the criteria set forth in Sec. 3560.155(c) and
(e) must vacate the property within 30 days of being notified by the
borrower that they are no longer eligible for occupancy or at the
expiration of their lease, or whichever is greater, unless the
conditions cited in Sec. 3560.158(c) exist;
(11) Leases for rental units receiving rental assistance must
include clauses that specify that the tenant's monthly tenant
contribution and a description of the circumstances under which the
tenant's contribution may change.
(12) Leases must include a requirement that tenants notify
borrowers when changes occur in their income or assets, their
qualifications for adjustments to income, their citizenship status, or
the number of persons living in the unit.
(13) A requirement that tenants agree to fulfill the tenant income
verification and certification requirements established under Sec.
3560.152.
(14) Leases for tenants living in Plan II interest credit rental
units must include provisions establishing the net monthly tenant
contribution.
(15) Leases, including renewals, must include the following
language:
``It is understood that the use, or possession, manufacture,
sale, or distribution of an illegal controlled substance (as defined
by local, State, or federal law) while in or on any part of this
apartment complex or cooperative is an illegal act. It is further
understood that such action is a material lease violation. Such
violations (hereafter called a ``drug violation'') may be evidenced
upon the admission to or conviction of the use, possession,
manufacture, sale, or distribution of a controlled substance (as
defined by local, state, or Federal law) in any local, state, or
Federal court.
The landlord may require any lessee or other adult member of the
tenant household occupying the unit (or other adult or non-adult
person outside the tenant household who is using the unit) who
commits a drug violation to vacate the leased unit
[[Page 69137]]
permanently, within timeframes set by the landlord, and not
thereafter to enter upon the landlord's premises or the lessee's
unit without the landlord's prior consent as a condition for
continued occupancy by the remaining members of the tenant's
household. The landlord may deny consent for entry unless the person
agrees to not commit a drug violation in the future and is either
actively participating in a counseling or recovery program,
complying with court orders related to a drug violation, or has
successfully completed a counseling or recovery program.
The landlord may require any lessee to show evidence that any
non-adult member of the tenant household occupying the unit, who
committed a drug violation, agrees not to commit a drug violation in
the future, and to show evidence that the person is either actively
seeking or receiving assistance through a counseling or recovery
program, complying with court orders related to a drug violation, or
has successfully completed a counseling or recovery program within
timeframes specified by the landlord as a condition for continued
occupancy in the unit. Should a further drug violation be committed
by any non-adult person occupying the unit the landlord may require
the person to be severed from tenancy as a condition for continued
occupancy by the lessee.
If a person vacating the unit, as a result of the above
policies, is one of the lessees, the person shall be severed from
the tenancy and the lease shall continue among any other remaining
lessees and the landlord. The landlord may also, at the option of
the landlord, permit another adult member of the household to be a
lessee.
Should any of the above provisions governing a drug violation be
found to violate any of the laws of the land the remaining
enforceable provisions shall remain in effect. The provisions set
out above do not supplant any rights of tenants afforded by law.''
(16) Leases for rental units accessible to individuals with
disabilities occupied by those not needing the accessibility features
must establish the tenant's responsibility to move to another unit when
an appropriate unit becomes available or when the unit is needed by an
eligible individual with disabilities. Additionally, the lease clause
must require the borrower to provide tenants written notification of
the date by which they must move to another unit in the project.
(17) If loan prepayment occurs and the housing project is subject
to restrictive use provisions, leases and renewals must be amended to
include a clause specifying the tenant protections required under
subpart N of this part.
(18) All leases must contain the following information and
provisions:
(i) The name of the tenant, any co-tenants, and all members of the
household residing in the rental unit;
(ii) The identification of the rental unit;
(iii) The amount and due date of monthly tenant contributions, any
late payment penalties, and security deposit amounts;
(iv) The utilities, services, and equipment to be provided for the
tenant;
(v) The tenant's utility payment responsibility;
(vi) The certification process for determining tenant occupancy
eligibility and contribution;
(vii) The limitations of the tenant's right to use or occupancy of
the dwelling;
(viii) The tenant's responsibilities regarding maintenance and
consequences if the tenant fails to fulfill these responsibilities;
(ix) The agreement of the borrower to accept the tenant
contribution toward rent charges prior to payment of other charges that
the tenant owes and a statement that borrowers may seek legal remedy
for collecting other charges accrued by the tenant;
(x) The maintenance responsibilities of the borrower in buildings
and common areas, according to state and local codes, Agency
regulations, and Federal fair housing requirements;
(xi) The responsibility of the borrowers at move-in and move-out to
provide the tenant with a written statement of rental unit's condition
and provisions for tenant participation in inspection;
(xii) The provision for periodic inspections by the borrower and
other circumstances under which the borrower may enter the premises
while a tenant is renting;
(xiii) The tenant's responsibility to notify the borrower of an
extended absence;
(xiv) A provision that tenants may not assign the lease or sublet
the property;
(xv) A provision regarding transfer of the lease if the housing
project is sold to an Agency-approved buyer;
(xvi) The procedures that must be followed by the borrower and the
tenant in giving notices required under terms of the lease including
lease violation notices;
(xvii) The good-cause circumstances under which the borrower may
terminate the lease and the length of notice required;
(xviii) The disposition of the lease if the housing project becomes
uninhabitable due to fire or other disaster, including rights of the
borrower to repair building or terminate the lease;
(xix) The procedures for resolution of tenant grievances consistent
with the requirements of Sec. 3560.160;
(xx) The terms under which a tenant may, for good cause, terminate
their lease, with 30 days notice, prior to lease expiration; and
(xxi) The signature and date clause indicating that the lease has
been executed by the borrower and the tenant.
(d) Prohibited provisions. Borrowers are prohibited from including
any of the following clauses in the lease:
(1) Clauses prohibiting families with children under 18;
(2) Clauses requiring prior consent by tenant to any lawsuit that
borrowers may bring against the tenant in connection with the lease;
(3) Clauses authorizing borrowers to hold any of a tenant's
property until the tenant fulfills an obligation;
(4) Clauses in which tenants agree not to hold borrowers liable for
anything they may do or fail to do;
(5) Clauses in which tenants agree that borrowers may institute
suit without any notice to the tenant that the suit has been filed;
(6) Clauses in which tenants agree that borrowers may evict the
tenant or sell their possessions whenever borrowers determine that a
breach or default has occurred;
(7) Clauses authorizing the borrower's attorneys to appear in court
on behalf of the tenant, and to waive the tenant's right to a trial by
jury;
(8) Clauses authorizing the borrower's attorneys to waive the
tenant's right to appeal or to file suit; and
(9) Clauses requiring the tenant to agree to pay legal fees and
court costs whenever the borrower takes action against the tenant, even
if the court finds in favor of the tenant.
(e) Housing projects and units receiving HUD assistance. (1) In
housing projects receiving Section 8 project-based assistance,
borrowers may use the HUD model lease. The provisions of the HUD model
lease will prevail, unless they conflict with Agency lease requirements
in accordance with this section. If there is conflict between HUD
requirements and Agency requirements, the provision that will be
enforced will be the one that is most favorable to the tenant.
(2) For units occupied by Section 8 certificate and voucher
holders, borrowers may use:
(i) A standard HUD-approved lease;
(ii) A HUD-approved lease that includes a number of modifications
from the standard HUD-approved lease; or
(iii) An Agency-approved lease may be used if acceptable by HUD or
the local housing authority.
(f) State and local requirements. Borrowers must use a lease that
is consistent with state and local requirements.
[[Page 69138]]
(1) If any lease provision is in violation of state or local law,
the lease may be modified to the extent needed to comply with the law,
but any changes must be consistent with the provisions established in
paragraph (c) of this section.
(2) Leases must include a procedure for handling tenant's abandoned
property, as provided by state or local law.
Sec. 3560.157 Occupancy rules.
(a) General. The purpose of a borrower's occupancy rules is to
outline the basis for the tenant and management relationship. Prior to
Agency approval of occupancy rules, borrowers must provide written
certification from their attorney that the housing project's occupancy
rules are consistent with applicable Federal, state, and local laws, as
well as Agency requirements, and the requirements of all programs
participating in the housing project. Borrowers must obtain Agency
approval of the occupancy rules prior to initial occupancy and obtain
Agency approval prior to the implementation date of any subsequent
modifications to the rules.
(b) Requirements. The occupancy rules must be in writing and posted
for easy tenant access. A copy of these rules must be attached to the
tenant's lease upon initial occupancy. At a minimum, the occupancy
rules must address:
(1) The tenant's rights and responsibilities under the lease or
occupancy agreement;
(2) The rent payment or occupancy charge policies;
(3) The policies regarding periodic inspection of units;
(4) The system for responding to tenant complaints;
(5) The maintenance request and work order procedures;
(6) The housing services and facilities available to tenants or
members;
(7) The office locations, hours, and emergency telephone numbers;
(8) The restrictions on storage and prohibitions on non-functional
vehicles in the housing project area;
(9) Other requirements related to a subsidy provided to a tenant
from non-Agency sources;
(10) When a guest becomes a member of the tenant household; and
(11) The procedures tenants must follow to request reasonable
accommodations.
(c) Modification of occupancy rules. The Agency must concur with
any modification to the occupancy rules prior to implementation. Proper
notice must be given to each tenant at least 30 days in advance of
implementation of such rules in accordance with Sec. 3560.160.
(d) Federal, state and local requirements. The occupancy rules must
be consistent with Federal, state, and local law.
(e) Pets/Assistance Animals. All housing projects should establish
reasonable written pet rules. No rules may be promulgated that would
prevent occupancy by a household member who requires a service or
assistance animal. In elderly housing, borrowers must not prohibit
tenants from keeping domestic animals in their rental units as pets.
(f) Tenant organizations. Borrowers must not infringe on the rights
of tenants to organize an association of tenants. Borrowers (or a
designated management representative) should be available and willing
to work with a tenant organization.
(g) Community rooms. Borrowers may not place unreasonable
restrictions on tenants that desire to use a community room.
Sec. 3560.158 Changes in tenant eligibility.
(a) General requirements. Tenants must continue to meet the
requirements of Sec. 3560.152 to remain eligible for occupancy.
(b) Tenants no longer eligible. Tenants who are no longer eligible
for occupancy under the housing project's occupancy rules or do not
meet the criteria set forth in Sec. 3560.155(c) and (e) must vacate
the property within 30 days of being notified by the borrower that they
are no longer eligible for occupancy or at the expiration of their
lease, whichever is greater, unless the conditions specified in
paragraph (c) of this section exist.
(c) Temporary continuation of tenancy. If conditions described in
Sec. 3560.454(b) or the following conditions exist, borrowers may
permit tenants who are no longer eligible for occupancy to continue to
reside at the housing project with prior approval of the Agency.
(1) The waiting list for the specific rental unit type has no
eligible applicants; or
(2) The required time period for vacating the rental unit would
create a hardship on the tenant household.
(d) Surviving and remaining household members. (1) Members of a
household may continue to reside in a housing project after the
departure or death of the tenant or co-tenant, provided that:
(i) They are eligible with respect to adjusted income;
(ii) They occupied a rental unit in the housing project at the time
of the departure or death of the tenant or co-tenant;
(iii) They execute a tenant certification form establishing their
own tenancy; and
(iv) They have the legal ability to sign a lease for the rental
unit, except where a legal guardian may sign when the tenant or member
is otherwise eligible.
(2) Surviving or remaining members of the household may remain in
the housing project, taking into consideration the conditions of
paragraph (d)(1) of this section, but must move to a suitably sized
rental unit within 30 days of its availability.
(3) After the death of a tenant or co-tenant in elderly housing,
the surviving members of the household, regardless of age but taking
into consideration the conditions of paragraph (d)(1) of this section,
may remain in the rental unit in which they were residing at the time
of the tenant's or co-tenant's death, even if the household is over
housed according to the housing project's occupancy rules as follows:
(i) Continued occupancy of the rental unit will not be allowed when
in either situation of paragraph (d)(1) or (d)(3) of this section, the
rental unit has accessibility features for individuals with
disabilities, the household no longer has a need for such accessibility
features, and the housing project has a tenant application from an
individual with a need for the accessibility features;
(ii) If the housing project does not have a tenant application from
an individual with a need for the accessibility features, the household
may remain in the rental unit with such features until the housing
project receives an application from an individual with a need for
accessibility features. The household in the unit with accessibility
features will be required to move within 30 days of the housing
project's receipt of a tenant application requiring accessibility
features if another suitably sized unit without accessibility features
is available in the project. If a suitably sized unit is not available
in the project within 30 days, the tenant may remain in the unit with
accessibility features until the first available unit in the project
becomes available and then must move within 30 days.
Sec. 3560.159 Termination of occupancy.
(a) Tenants in violation of lease. Borrowers, in accordance with
lease agreements, may terminate or refuse to renew a tenant's lease
only for material non-compliance with the lease provisions, material
non-compliance with the occupancy rules, or other good causes. Prior to
terminating a lease, the borrower must give the tenant written
[[Page 69139]]
notice of the violation and give the tenant an opportunity to correct
the violation. Subsequently, termination may only occur when the
incidences related to the termination are documented and there is
documentation that the tenant was given notice prior to the initiation
of the termination action that their activities would result in
occupancy termination.
(1) Material non-compliance with lease provisions or occupancy
rules, for purposes of occupancy termination by a borrower, includes
actions such as:
(i) Violations of lease provisions or occupancy rules that are
substantial and/or repeated;
(ii) Non-payment or repeated late payment of rent or other
financial obligations due under the lease or occupancy rules; or
(iii) Admission to or conviction for use, attempted use,
possession, manufacture, selling, or distribution of an illegal
controlled substance when such activity occurred on the housing
project's premises by the tenant, a member of the tenant's household, a
guest of the tenant, or any other person under the tenant's control at
the time of the activity.
(2) Good causes, for purposes of occupancy terminations by a
borrower, include actions such as:
(i) Actions by the tenant or a member of the tenant's household
which disrupt the livability of the housing by threatening the health
and safety of other persons or the right of other persons to enjoyment
of the premises and related facilities;
(ii) Actions by the tenant or a member of the tenant's household
which result in substantial physical damage causing an adverse
financial effect on the housing or the property of other persons; or
(iii) Actions prohibited by state and local laws.
(b) Lease expiration or tenant eligibility. A tenant's occupancy in
an Agency-financed housing project may not be terminated by a borrower
when the lease agreement expires unless the tenant's actions meet the
conditions described in paragraph (a) of this section, or the tenant is
no longer eligible for occupancy in the housing. Borrowers must handle
terminations of occupancy due to a change in tenant eligibility status
in accordance with Sec. 3560.158. At a minimum, the occupancy
termination notice must include the following information:
(1) A specific date by which lease termination will occur;
(2) A statement of the basis for lease termination with specific
reference to the provisions of the lease or occupancy rules that, in
the borrower's judgment, have been violated by the tenant in a manner
constituting material non-compliance or good cause; and
(3) A statement explaining the conditions under which the borrower
may initiate judicial action to enforce the lease termination notice.
(c) Other terminations. If occupancy is terminated due to
conditions which are beyond the control of the tenant, such as a
condition related to required repair or rehabilitation of the building,
or a natural disaster, the tenants who are affected by such a
circumstance are entitled to benefits under the Uniform Relocation Act
and may request a Letter of Priority Entitlement (LOPE) from the
Agency. If tenants need additional time to secure replacement housing,
the Agency may, at the tenant's request, extend the LOPE entitlement
period.
(d) Criminal activity. Borrowers may terminate tenancy for criminal
activity or alcohol abuse by household members in accordance with the
provisions of 24 CFR 5.858, 5.859, 5.860, and 5.861.
Sec. 3560.160 Tenant grievances.
(a) General. (1) The requirements established in this section are
designed to ensure that there is a fair and equitable process for
addressing tenant or prospective tenant concerns and to ensure fair
treatment of tenants in the event that an action or inaction by a
borrower, including anyone designated to act for a borrower, adversely
affects the tenants of a housing project.
(2) Any tenant/member or prospective tenant/member seeking
occupancy in or use of Agency facilities who believes he or she is
being discriminated against because of age, race, color, religion, sex,
familial status, disability, or national origin may file a complaint in
person with, or by mail to the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Office
of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 14th and Independence
Avenue, SW., Washington DC 20250-9410 or to the Office of Fair Housing
and Equal Opportunity, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
(HUD), Washington, DC 20410. Complaints received by Agency employees
must be directed to the National Office Civil Rights Staff through the
State Civil Rights Manager/Coordinator.
(b) Applicability. (1) The requirements of this section apply to a
borrower action regarding housing project operations, or the failure to
act, that adversely affects tenants or prospective tenants.
(2) This section does not apply to the following situations:
(i) Rent changes authorized by the Agency in accordance with the
requirements of Sec. 3560.203(a);
(ii) Complaints involving discrimination which must be handled in
accordance with Sec. 3560.2(b) and paragraph (a)(2) of this section;
(iii) Housing projects where an association of all tenants has been
duly formed and the association and the borrower have agreed to an
alternative method of settling grievances;
(iv) Changes required by the Agency in occupancy rules or other
operational or management practices in which proper notice and
opportunity have been given according to law and the provisions of the
lease;
(v) Lease violations by the tenant that would result in the
termination of tenancy and eviction;
(vi) Disputes between tenants not involving the borrower; and
(vii) Displacement or other adverse actions against tenant as a
result of loan prepayment handled according to subpart N of this part.
(c) Borrower responsibilities. Borrowers must permanently post
tenant grievance procedures that meet the requirements of this section
in a conspicuous place at the housing project. Borrowers also must
maintain copies of the tenant grievance procedure at the housing
project's management office for inspection by the tenants and the
Agency upon request. Each tenant must receive an Agency summary of
tenant's rights when a lease agreement is signed. If a housing project
is located in an area with a concentration of non-English speaking
individuals, the borrower must provide grievance procedures in both
English and the non-English language. The notice must include the
telephone number and address of USDA's Office of Civil Rights and the
appropriate Regional Fair Housing and Enforcement Agency.
(d) Reasons for grievance. Tenants or prospective tenants may file
a grievance in writing with the borrower in response to a borrower
action, or failure to act, in accordance with the lease or Agency
regulations that results in a denial, significant reduction, or
termination of benefits or when a tenant or prospective tenant contests
a borrower's notice of proposed adverse action as provided in paragraph
(e) of this section. Acceptable reasons for filing a grievance may
include:
(1) Failure to maintain the premises in such a manner that provides
decent, safe, sanitary, and affordable housing in accordance with Sec.
3560.103 and applicable state and local laws;
(2) Borrower violation of lease provisions or occupancy rules;
[[Page 69140]]
(3) Modification of the lease;
(4) Occupancy rule changes;
(5) Rent changes not authorized by the Agency according to Sec.
3560.205; or
(6) Denial of approval for occupancy.
(e) Notice of adverse action. In the case of a proposed action that
may have adverse consequences for tenants or prospective tenants such
as denial of admission to occupancy and changes in the occupancy rules
or lease, the borrower must notify the tenant or prospective tenant in
writing. In the case of a Borrower's proposed adverse action including
denial of admission to occupancy, the Borrower shall notify the
applicant/tenant in writing. The notice must be delivered by certified
mail return receipt requested, or a hand-delivered letter with a signed
and dated acknowledgement of receipt from the applicant/tenant, The
notice must give specific reasons for the proposed action. The notice
must also advise the tenant or prospective tenant of ``the right to
respond to the notice within ten calendar days after date of the
notice'' and of ``the right to a hearing in accordance with Sec.
3560.160 (f), which is available upon request.'' The notice must
contain the information specified in paragraph (a)(2) of this section.
For housing projects in areas with a concentration of non-English
speaking individuals, the notice must be in English and the non-English
language.
(f) Grievances and responses to notice of adverse action. The
following procedures must be followed by tenants, prospective tenants,
or borrowers involved in a grievance or a response to an adverse
action.
(1) The tenant or prospective tenant must communicate to the
borrower in writing any grievance or response to a notice within 10
calendar days after occurrence of the adverse action or receipt of a
notice of intent to take an adverse action.
(2) Borrowers must offer to meet with tenants to discuss the
grievance within 10 calendar days of receiving the grievance. The
Agency encourages borrowers and tenants or prospective tenants to make
an effort to reach a mutually satisfactory resolution to the grievance
at the meeting.
(3) If the grievance is not resolved during an informal meeting to
the tenant or prospective tenant's satisfaction, the borrower must
prepare a summary of the problem and submit the summary to the tenant
or prospective tenant and the Agency within 10 calendar days The
summary should include: The borrower's position; the applicant/tenant's
position; and the result of the meeting. The tenant also may submit a
summary of the problem to the Agency.
(g) Hearing process. The following procedures apply to a hearing
process.
(1) Request for hearing. If the tenant or prospective tenant
desires a hearing, a written request for a hearing must be submitted to
the borrower within 10 calendar days after the receipt of the summary
of any informal meeting.
(2) Selection of hearing officer or hearing panel. In order to
properly evaluate grievances and appeals, the borrower and tenant must
select a hearing officer or hearing panel. If the borrower and the
tenant cannot agree on a hearing officer, then they must each appoint a
member to a hearing panel and the members selected must appoint a third
member. If within 30 days from the date of the request for a hearing,
the tenant and borrower have not agreed upon the selection of a hearing
officer or hearing panel, the borrower must notify the Agency by mail
of the situation. The Agency will appoint a person to serve as the sole
hearing officer. The Agency may not appoint a hearing officer who was
earlier considered by either the borrower or the tenant, in the
interest of ensuring the integrity of the process.
(3) Standing hearing panel. In lieu of the procedure contained in
paragraph (g)(2) of this section for each grievance or appeal
presented, a borrower may ask the Agency to approve a standing hearing
panel for the housing project.
(4) Examination of records. The borrower must allow the tenant the
opportunity, at a reasonable time before a hearing and at the expense
of the tenant, to examine or copy all documents, records, and policies
of the borrower that the borrower intends to use at a hearing unless
otherwise prohibited by law or confidentiality agreements.
(5) Scheduling of hearing. If a standing hearing panel has been
approved, a hearing will be scheduled within 15 calendar days after
receipt of the tenant's or prospective tenant's request for a hearing.
If a hearing officer or hearing panel must be selected, a hearing will
be scheduled within 15 calendar days after the selection or appointment
of a hearing panel or a hearing officer. All hearings will be held at a
time and place mutually convenient to both parties. If the parties
cannot agree on a meeting place or time, the hearing officer or hearing
panel will designate the place and time.
(6) Escrow deposits. If a grievance involves a rent increase not
authorized by the Agency, or a situation where a borrower fails to
maintain the property in a decent, safe, and sanitary manner, rental
payments may be deposited by the tenant into an escrow account,
provided the tenant's rental payments are otherwise current.
(i) The escrow account deposits must continue until the complaint
is resolved through informal discussion or by the hearing officer or
panel.
(ii) The escrow account must be in a Federally-insured institution
or with a bonded independent agent.
(iii) Failure to make timely rent payments into the escrow account
will result in a termination of the tenant grievance and appeals
procedure and all sums will immediately become due and payable under
the lease.
(iv) Receipts of escrow account deposits must be available for
examination by the borrower.
(7) Failure to request a hearing. If the tenant or prospective
tenant does not request a hearing within the time provided by paragraph
(f)(1) of this section, the borrower's disposition of the grievance or
appeal will become final.
(h) Requirements governing the hearing. The following requirements
will govern the hearing process.
(1) Subject to paragraph (f)(2) of this section, the hearing will
proceed before a hearing officer or hearing panel at which evidence may
be received without regard to whether that evidence could be used in
judicial proceedings.
(2) The hearing must be structured so as to provide basic due
process safeguards for both the borrower and the tenants or prospective
tenants, which must protect:
(i) The right of both parties to be represented by counsel or
another person chosen as their representative;
(ii) The right of the tenant or prospective tenant to a private
hearing unless a public hearing is requested;
(iii) The right of the tenant or prospective tenant to present oral
or written evidence and arguments in support of their grievance or
appeal and to cross-examine and refute the evidence of all witnesses on
whose testimony or information the borrower relies; and
(iv) The right of the borrower to present oral and written evidence
and arguments in support of the decision, to refute evidence relied
upon by the tenant or prospective tenant, and to confront and cross-
examine all witnesses in whose testimony or information the tenant or
prospective tenant relies.
(3) At the hearing, the tenant or prospective tenant must present
evidence that they are entitled to the relief sought, and the borrower
must present evidence showing the basis for action or failure to act
against that
[[Page 69141]]
which the grievance or appeal is directed.
(4) The hearing officer or hearing panel must require that the
borrower, the tenant or prospective tenant, counsel, and other
participants or spectators conduct themselves in an orderly manner.
Failure to comply may result in exclusion from the proceedings or in a
decision adverse to the interests of the disorderly party and granting
or denial of the relief sought, as appropriate.
(5) If either party or their representative fails to appear at a
scheduled hearing, the hearing officer or hearing panel may make a
determination to postpone the hearing for no more than five days or may
make a determination that the absent party has waived their right to a
hearing under this subpart. If the determination is made that the
absent party has waived their rights, the hearing officer or hearing
panel will make a decision on the grievance. Both the tenant or
prospective tenant and the borrower must be notified in writing of the
determination of the hearing officer or hearing panel.
(i) Decision. Hearing decisions must be issued in accordance with
the following requirements.
(1) The hearing officer or hearing panel has the authority to
affirm or reverse a borrower's decision.
(2) The hearing officer or hearing panel must prepare a written
decision, together with the reasons thereof based solely and
exclusively upon the facts presented at the hearing within 10 calendar
days after the hearing. The notice must state that the decision is not
effective for 10 calendar days to allow time for an Agency review as
specified in paragraphs (i)(3) and (i)(4) of this section.
(3) The hearing officer or hearing panel must send a copy of the
decision to the tenant, or prospective tenant, borrower, and the
Agency.
(4) The decision of the hearing officer or hearing panel shall be
binding upon the parties to the hearing unless the parties to the
hearing are notified within 10 calendar days by the Agency that the
decision is not in compliance with Agency regulations.
(5) Upon receipt of written notification from the hearing officer
or hearing panel, the borrower and tenant must take the necessary
action, or refrain from any actions, specified in the decision.
Sec. Sec. 3560.161-3560.199 [Reserved]
Sec. 3560.200 OMB control number.
The information collection requirements contained in this
regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0189. Public
reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to
vary from 15 minutes to 18 hours per response, including time for
reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the
collection of information. A person is not required to respond to a
collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB
control number.
Subpart E--Rents
Sec. 3560.201 General.
This subpart sets forth the requirements for establishing and
collecting rents charged to occupants of multi-family housing (MFH)
projects financed by the Agency.
Sec. 3560.202 Establishing rents and utility allowances.
(a) General. Rents and utility allowances for rental units in
Agency-financed housing projects are set by the borrower and must be
based on the operating, management and maintenance expenses and other
costs related to the housing project including loan payment amounts due
to the Agency.
(b) Agency approval. All rents and utility allowances set by
borrowers are subject to Agency approval.
(c) Rents. As applicable, borrowers must establish the following
rents:
(1) Note rent;
(2) Basic rent;
(3) U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) contract
rents; and
(4) Low-income housing tax credit (LIHTC) rents.
(d) Utility allowances. In projects where tenants pay the
utilities, borrowers must establish utility allowances for each size
and type of rental unit in the housing project based on estimated
utility costs. Borrowers must review utility allowances annually,
adjust for accuracy, and submit any utility allowance changes to the
Agency for approval. If no changes are needed, the borrower must notify
the Agency that no changes were made. Documentation to justify utility
allowances must be maintained in the housing project files.
(e) Funds contributed to reduce rents. If borrowers use funds
contributed from sources other than the Agency (e.g., state or local
grants, private contributions) to reduce general operating and
management expenses, housing project rents must be reduced to reflect
the funding being used to offset housing project expenses. When funds
contributed from sources other than the Agency are used for housing
project expenses, the borrower must certify to the Agency, in writing,
that the funds provided will not need to be repaid with Agency funds.
Funds from borrower contributions or rehabilitation loans will not be
counted towards reducing rents.
(f) Rents for resident manager, caretaker, or owner-occupied unit.
(1) If approved as a part of a management plan, a borrower may
occupy a rental unit in a housing project when they are acting as a
management agent or resident manager as specified in Sec. 3560.102(e).
(2) If the rental unit being occupied by a borrower or resident
manager is designated as a revenue-producing unit, borrowers must
calculate the rental charge to the borrower or resident manager in the
same manner as tenant contributions.
(3) If the rental unit being occupied by a borrower or resident
manager is designated as a non-revenue producing unit, borrowers must
treat the cost of providing the unit the same as other non-revenue
producing portions of the housing project.
(g) LIHTC. Borrowers who receive LIHTCs may establish rents in
accordance with LIHTC requirements. However, borrowers are obligated to
ensure that sufficient annual funds are available to cover expenses in
the housing project's approved budget, including the required payments
on the borrower's Agency loan. Borrowers must not use housing project
funds to make up any difference between rents required under Agency
program requirements and the maximum allowed rents under the LIHTC
program.
Sec. 3560.203 Tenant contributions.
(a) Tenant contributions. A tenant's contribution to rent charged
for a rental unit in an Agency financed housing project is based on the
tenant's income, as calculated on the Agency's tenant certification
forms, and the availability of Agency or non-Agency rental subsidies.
(1) Tenant contributions. Borrowers must set tenant contributions
to rent at the highest of the following standards but never more than
the note rent:
(i) Thirty percent of monthly adjusted income;
(ii) Ten percent of gross monthly income;
(iii) An amount equal to the portion of an assistance payment
specifically
[[Page 69142]]
designated to meet the household's shelter costs if the household is
receiving assistance payments from a public agency; or
(iv) The basic rent, unless RHS rental assistance is provided to
the household.
(2) Tenant contribution surcharge. Tenants in a Plan I housing
project with incomes above the eligibility standards set in Sec.
3560.152(a)(1) must pay a 25 percent surcharge in addition to note
rent.
(b) Adjustment of tenant contribution. Borrowers must adjust the
tenant contribution whenever there is a change in tenant household
status or income sufficient to generate a revised tenant certification
in accordance with Sec. 3560.152(e) or an Agency approved rent or
utility allowance change that affects the tenant contribution amount.
(c) Overage. If a tenant's tenant contribution is higher than basic
rent, borrowers must remit to the Agency the rent collected in excess
of the basic rent and up to the note rent.
Sec. 3560.204 Security deposits and membership fees.
(a) General. Borrowers may collect security deposits when it is
reasonable and customary for the area in which the housing is located.
Borrowers must hold security deposits in a separate bank or bookkeeping
account in accordance with Sec. 3560.302(c)(3).
(b) Allowable amounts. Borrowers may charge security deposits that
are typical for the area in which the housing is located, as long as
the security deposit charged a tenant does not exceed that tenant's net
contribution for one month's rent or basic rent, whichever is greater.
(1) As noted in Sec. 3560.102(b)(1)(viii) and Sec.
3560.156(c)(18)(iii), borrowers must specify in the housing project's
management plan how the amount to be charged as a security deposit will
be established and must specify the amount to be charged to individual
tenants in the lease to be signed by the tenant.
(2) Borrowers may charge security deposits to households receiving
HUD assistance in accordance with HUD requirements.
(3) Members of a cooperative shall be required to pay a membership
fee no greater than one month's occupancy charge.
(4) Additional security deposits for pets may be charged as long as
the additional deposit is not greater than basic rent for 1 month. No
additional security deposit for assistance animals is allowed where an
assistance animal is necessary for the normal functioning of a
household member with a disability.
(5) Borrowers must not charge additional security deposits based on
disabilities of tenants or other personal characteristics.
(c) Payment plans. Borrowers must offer, for persons who are
eligible for rental assistance or Section 8 assistance, the option of
paying the security deposit on an installment payment plan. Should
installments not be met, the total charge may become due and payable in
full.
(d) Charges for damage or loss. Borrowers may charge tenants for
damage or loss caused or allowed by the tenant equal to the cost of the
damage or loss.
(1) Borrowers must consider expenses due for addressing normal wear
and tear as normal operating expenses and must not charge tenants a fee
or withhold security deposits to pay for such costs.
(2) Borrowers may withhold security deposits and may charge tenants
for damage or loss costs above security deposit amounts.
(e) State and local security deposit requirements. Borrowers must
follow all state and local laws and other requirements governing the
handling and disposition of security deposits.
(1) Resolution of any security deposit disputes must be handled in
accordance with state and local law.
(2) Any interest earned on security deposits will accrue in
accordance with state law.
(f) Unclaimed security deposits. Any funds in the housing project's
security deposit account unclaimed by a tenant must be deposited into
the housing project's general operating account.
Sec. 3560.205 Rent and utility allowance changes.
(a) General. Borrowers must fully document that changes to rents
and utility allowances are necessary to cover housing or utility costs
allowed under the approved budget for the housing. Any changes must
apply to all similar units in the housing project.
(b) Agency approval. Borrowers must submit a fully documented
request to the Agency to effect any rent or utility allowance change.
(1) Borrowers must obtain written consent or approval from the
Agency as specified in paragraph (e) of this section before
implementing any changes in the rents or utility allowances.
(2) If a borrower implements an unauthorized rent or utility
allowance charge, the Agency will require the borrower to roll back
rents to the last authorized rent charge, and the borrower must
reimburse tenants for any unauthorized rents collected.
(c) Timing of request for changes. Borrowers must submit rent and
utility allowance change requests in conjunction with the annual budget
submission as required under Sec. 3560.303(d). The effective dates of
any approved changes will coincide with the start of the housing
project's fiscal year or the start of the season for seasonally
occupied farm labor housing. However, the Agency will accept borrower
requests for rent or utility allowance changes anytime during the year
if a change is necessary to preserve the financial integrity of the
housing complex and the financial distress is due to circumstances
beyond the borrower's control.
(d) Tenant notification. Borrowers must notify tenants and solicit
their comments to proposed rent or utility allowance change requests
that are submitted to the Agency at the same time that the initial
request is made to the Agency.
(1) Tenants will be given 20 calendar days to provide their
comments to the Agency.
(2) Borrowers must deliver the proposed rent or utility allowance
change request notice to each tenant and post at least one copy of the
notice at the housing project site in a visible location frequented by
tenants.
(e) Approval. If the Agency approves a rent or utility allowance
increase request on which the comments were solicited, the borrower
will deliver a notice announcing the rent or utility allowance change
to the tenants to be effective 30 calendar days from the date of the
notification.
(f) Denial of change request. The Agency may deny a rent or utility
allowance increase request in the following circumstances.
(1) The Agency determines that the borrower did not provide
sufficient information to justify operating costs.
(2) The borrower is out of compliance with Agency requirements
including any corrective action requirements agreed to in a workout
agreement developed according to subpart J of this part.
(3) Sufficient funds are being collected under existing rents to
meet approved expenses.
(g) Notice of denial. If the rent change will not be approved as
requested, the Agency will notify the borrower of the denial in
accordance with Sec. 3560.303(d).
Sec. 3560.206 Conversion to Plan II (Interest Credit).
The Agency encourages any borrower not on Plan II to convert to
Plan II to provide more favorable rent costs to very-low, low, and
moderate-income households.
[[Page 69143]]
Sec. 3560.207 Annual adjustment factors for Section 8 units.
(a) General. For rental units receiving project-based Section 8
assistance, the Agency will review rents annually without regard to
HUD's automatic annual adjustment.
(b) Establishing rents in housing with HUD rent assistance.
Borrowers will set note and basic rents for housing receiving HUD
project based Section 8 assistance, as specified in Sec.
3560.202(c)(3).
(1) Borrowers must notify the Agency of any HUD rent changes.
(2) If allowed by the interest credit agreement, the borrower will
remit the amount collected in excess of the basic rent up to the note
rent to the Agency as overage.
(3) When HUD contract rents exceed note rents, borrowers must
deposit HUD funds equal to the difference between the Agency approved
note rent and the HUD approved rent into the reserve account for the
housing project.
(c) Excess HUD rents. When permitted by the Agency interest credit
agreement, the Agency may reduce or cancel the interest credit on the
housing, if excess HUD rents deposited in the reserve account result in
the reserve account being funded beyond the fully funded level approved
by the Agency.
Sec. 3560.208 Rents during eviction or failure to recertify.
(a) Rents during eviction. If a tenant is appealing an eviction and
the borrower refuses to accept rent payment during the appeal of the
eviction, the tenant must escrow required rent payments to safeguard
their occupancy, unless State or local laws specify otherwise.
(b) Rents when tenants fail to recertify. If a borrower can
document that a tenant received a notice specifying a tenant
recertification date and the tenant fails to comply by the specified
date or fails to cooperate with verification or other procedures
related to the tenant's recertification so that the tenant
recertification cannot be completed by the recertification date, the
borrower, within 10 days of the recertification date, shall give the
tenant and the Agency written notification that:
(1) Termination proceedings are being initiated, in accordance with
Sec. 3560.159; and
(2) The tenant will be charged note rent until the tenant's lease
is terminated.
(c) Unauthorized assistance due to tenant recertification failure.
Any unauthorized assistance received because of the tenant's failure to
be recertified will be collected in accordance with the provisions of
subpart O of this part.
(d) Rents when borrowers fail to recertify tenants. If a borrower
cannot document that a tenant received a recertification notice, and a
tenant is not recertified within 12 months of the most recently
executed tenant certification, tenants shall continue to make net
tenant contributions to rent based on their most recent tenant
certification and the borrower must remit to the Agency full overage as
if the tenant was paying the note rent until the tenant is recertified.
(e) Unauthorized assistance due to borrower recertification
failure. Any unauthorized assistance received as a result of the
borrower's failure to recertify a tenant will be collected from the
borrower in accordance with the provisions of subpart O of this part
and may not be paid from housing project funds or funds collected from
the tenant.
Sec. 3560.209 Rent collection.
(a) General. Borrowers must collect rents on a monthly basis and
maintain a system for collecting and tracking rents.
(b) Fees for late rent payments. Borrowers may adopt a late fee
schedule for overdue rental payments. Late fee schedules must be
submitted to the Agency for approval as part of the housing project's
management plan, be in accordance with State and local law, and
consistent with the following requirements:
(1) A grace period of 10 days from the rental payment due date must
be allowed for all tenants.
(2) The late fee must not exceed the higher of $10 or an amount
equal to 5 percent of the tenant's gross tenant contribution.
(3) Tenants receiving housing benefits from sources other than the
Agency may be subject to the late rent fee requirements of the other
funding sources.
(c) Improperly advanced rents. Improperly advanced interest credit
or rental assistance is considered unauthorized assistance and is
subject to recapture in accordance with subpart O of this part.
Sec. 3560.210 Special note rents (SNRs).
When a Plan II housing project is experiencing severe vacancies due
to market conditions, the Agency may allow the borrower to charge an
SNR, which is less than note rent but higher than basic rent, to
attract or retain tenants whose income level would require them to pay
special note rent. The requirements for requesting and receiving an SNR
are established under Sec. 3560.454.
Sec. Sec. 3560.211-3560.249 [Reserved]
Sec. 3560.250 OMB control number.
The information collection requirements contained in this
regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0189. Public
reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to
vary from 15 minutes to 18 hours per response, including time for
reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the
collection of information. A person is not required to respond to a
collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB
control number.
Subpart F--Rental Subsidies
Sec. 3560.251 General.
This subpart contains policies for borrower administration and
tenant use of rental subsidies in Agency financed multi-family housing
(MFH) projects.
Sec. 3560.252 Authorized rental subsidies.
(a) General. The purpose of rental subsidies is to reduce amounts
paid by tenants for rent. Rental subsidies equal the difference between
the approved shelter costs and tenant contributions as calculated in
accordance with Sec. 3560.203(a)(1).
(b) Forms of rental subsidies. Rental subsidies may be in the form
of:
(1) Agency rental assistance;
(2) HUD section 8 assistance, including project-based and vouchers;
(3) Private rental subsidies; or
(4) State or local government rental subsidies.
(c) Multiple rent subsidies. (1) Multiple types of rent subsidies
may be used in the same MFH project.
(2) Tenants with subsidies from sources other than the Agency may
be eligible for Agency rental assistance if the following conditions
are met.
(i) The tenant qualifies for Agency rental assistance.
(ii) The rental subsidy the tenant is receiving is not a HUD
voucher.
(iii) The rental subsidy being received by the tenant is less than
the full amount of Agency rental assistance for which the tenant would
qualify. In such cases, the Agency may provide the difference between
the subsidy received by the tenant and the amount of Agency rental
assistance for which the tenant qualifies.
[[Page 69144]]
(d) Agency rental assistance (RA). Agency RA is obligated to MFH
projects on a rental unit basis. The obligation is composed of a number
of rental units and associated dollar amounts of RA specified in a RA
agreement with a borrower. The following types of Agency RA may be
obligated to a housing project.
(1) Renewal units. RA may be assigned to a housing project to
replace existing rental unit obligations because funds associated with
the units have been fully disbursed.
(2) New construction units. RA may be provided in conjunction with
initial Agency loans for construction or substantial rehabilitation of
MFH projects.
(3) Servicing units. Additional RA may be provided to operational
MFH projects as a part of the Agency's general loan servicing or
preservation activities.
Sec. 3560.253 [Reserved]
Sec. 3560.254 Eligibility for rental assistance.
(a) Eligible housing. Housing projects eligible for Agency RA
include the following types of projects.
(1) Housing projects that operate under an Interest Credit Plan II
RA agreement.
(2) Housing projects financed with an Agency off-farm labor housing
loan or grant. On-farm labor housing is not eligible for rental
assistance.
(3) Housing projects financed with a direct or insured Rural Rental
Housing loan approved prior to August 1, 1968, and operated under an
interest credit agreement that identifies the housing project as a Plan
RA project.
(4) Housing projects financed from Agency and other sources if the
conditions of Sec. 3560.66 are met.
(b) Eligible units. Borrowers may not request RA for rental units
that the Agency determines are not habitable in accordance with Sec.
3560.103.
(c) Eligible households. Households eligible for rental assistance
are those:
(1) With very low-or low-incomes who are eligible to live in MFH;
(2) Whose net tenant contribution to rent determined in accordance
with Sec. 3560.203(a)(2) is less than the basic rent for the unit;
(3) Whose head of the household is a U.S. citizen or a legal alien
as defined in Sec. 3560.11;
(4) Who meet the occupancy rules established by the borrower in
accordance with Sec. 3560.155(e); and
(5) Who have a signed, unexpired tenant certification form on file
with the borrower.
Sec. 3560.255 Requesting rental assistance.
(a) Submitting requests. Borrowers seeking an allocation of rental
assistance for MFH must request the rental assistance from the Agency
as follows.
(1) Renewal rental assistance. To the extent sufficient funds are
available, the Agency will automatically renew expiring rental
assistance agreements at the existing number of units.
(2) New construction units. Loan applicants proposing to use Agency
rental assistance must include their request for rental assistance in
their loan proposal in accordance with Sec. 3560.56.
(3) Servicing units. Borrowers requesting rental assistance must
have tenants or eligible tenant applicants on a waiting list who are RA
eligible.
(b) Denial of requests. (1) If a rental assistance request is
denied due to the loan applicant's or borrower's ineligibility, the
Agency will send the loan applicant or borrower written notification of
the decision with an explanation of the denial.
(2) If a rental assistance request to renew expiring rental
assistance agreements is denied because funding is not available, the
Agency will notify the borrower and the borrower must notify the
tenants of rent increases in accordance with their lease and state and
local law. Tenants losing rental assistance due to a lack of Agency
funding may quit the lease and vacate the housing without penalty in
accordance with the terms of their lease.
(3) Loan applicants or borrowers determined to be eligible for RA
as a result of an appeal or funding review will receive RA, if RA
funding is available, beginning with the month following the date of
the appeal or funding review decision or beginning in the first month
that RA funding becomes available.
Sec. 3560.256 Rental assistance payments.
(a) Borrower submission requirements. The borrower must submit
monthly requests for RA payments to the Agency based on occupancy as of
the first day of the month previous to the month in which the request
is being made.
(b) Basis of RA requests. Borrower requests for RA payments must be
based on the difference between the basic rent plus utility allowances
for each rental unit eligible for RA and the net tenant contribution of
the tenant.
(c) Payments to borrower. Prior to making RA payments to a
borrower, the Agency will deduct from the approved RA payment amount
any unpaid loan payments, late fees, and other amounts which the
borrower owes to the Agency.
(d) Utility payments to tenants. The borrower must pay tenants the
difference between the utility allowance and the tenant's net
contribution to rent when a tenant receiving RA is billed directly for
utilities and the utility allowance exceeds the net tenant contribution
to rent. Such utility payments to tenants must be made on a monthly
basis.
(e) Administrative errors. Borrowers are responsible for correcting
borrower errors made in regard to RA requests for payments. In
accordance with subpart O of this part, borrowers will be required to
repay the Agency for any unauthorized RA received or any unauthorized
use of RA except in certain cases of tenant error or fraud.
Sec. 3560.257 Assigning rental assistance.
(a) Priorities for rental assistance. (1) Borrowers must use the
following priorities when assigning available rental assistance.
(i) First priority is to eligible very low-income tenants paying
the highest percentage of their adjusted annual income for Agency
approved shelter costs.
(ii) Second priority, if the housing project has vacant rental
units, is to eligible very low-income applicants on the waiting list.
(iii) Third priority is to eligible low-income tenants paying the
highest percentage of their adjusted annual income for Agency approved
shelter costs.
(iv) Fourth priority, if the housing project has vacant rental
units, is to eligible low-income applicants on the waiting list.
(v) Fifth priority is to households which are residing in a rental
unit for which they do not qualify on the basis of an occupancy waiver
or other special approval situations.
(2) In order to provide rental assistance to the third, fourth, and
fifth priority categories, a borrower must fully document either that
there are no very low-income households on the housing project's
waiting list or that occupancy by low-income households is limited as
follows:
(i) For housing occupied on or after November 30, 1983, no more
than 5 percent of the units in the housing are occupied by low-income
households; or
(ii) For housing occupied before November 30, 1983, no more than 25
percent of the units in the housing are occupied by low-income
households.
(b) Continued eligibility. Tenants receiving rental assistance may
continue to do so as long as they remain eligible for occupancy and for
rental assistance under Sec. 3560.254(c), and as long as rental
assistance units are available.
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(c) Assignment of rental assistance. Except as provided in Sec.
3560.454(c) and using the priorities given in paragraph (a) of this
section, borrowers must assign available rental assistance units as
soon as rental assistance units become available.
(1) When a rental assistance unit is assigned to an eligible
existing tenant on a day other than the first day of a month, the
Agency will not provide the borrower rental assistance for the newly
assigned existing tenant and the tenant will not pay reduced rental
charges until the first of the month following the assignment of the
rental assistance.
(2) When an eligible applicant moves into a rental assistance unit
on a day other than the first day of a month, they will pay a prorated
rent based on the number of days they occupy the rental assistance unit
and the amount of rental assistance they will be receiving.
(d) Incorrectly assigned rental assistance. Incorrectly assigned
rental assistance is viewed as unauthorized assistance and handled in
accordance with subpart O of this part.
Sec. 3560.258 Terms of agreement.
(a) Term of agreement. Rental assistance agreements will be
consistent with available funding. Rental assistance agreements expire
when the funds obligated for rental assistance units are fully
disbursed in accordance with the conditions of the agreement.
(b) Replacing expiring obligations. To the extent funds are
available for replacement units, the Agency will renew rental
assistance agreements.
Sec. 3560.259 Transferring rental assistance.
(a) Agency authority. The Agency may transfer rental assistance in
the following instances:
(1) To accompany the transfer of a housing project to a different
borrower;
(2) After a voluntary conveyance or a foreclosure sale;
(3) After a liquidation or prepayment;
(4) To the extent permitted by law, when any rental assistance
units have not been used for a 6-month period; or
(5) When the loan cannot be closed.
(b) Agency review before transferring rental assistance. The Agency
must perform a review to determine if all eligible tenants in the
project are receiving rental assistance before the Agency transfers it
to another project.
(c) Transferring rental assistance for displaced tenants. The
Agency may transfer rental assistance from one housing project to
another eligible housing project for a tenant who is moving due to
displacement as a result of prepayment, liquidation, or a natural
disaster. The tenant must begin using the rental assistance within 4
months of the transfer or the RA will become available for use by the
next rental assistance eligible tenant in the housing project.
Sec. 3560.260 Rental subsidies from non-Agency sources.
(a) General. The Agency may authorize the use of rental subsidies
from sources other than the Agency in Agency financed housing projects.
The Agency will make no commitment to providing Agency rental
assistance at the expiration of the rental subsidies from other
sources.
(b) HUD vouchers. For tenants with HUD vouchers, the borrower must
set the rental unit rent at the basic rent or the rent standard set by
the public housing authority, whichever is less. The public housing
authority distributing the HUD vouchers may set the utility allowance.
(c) Loan proposals using non-Agency rental subsidy. Loan applicants
or borrowers proposing to use rental subsidy from sources other than
the Agency must provide:
(1) Documentation demonstrating that a market exists for households
eligible for the subsidy and the households are at income levels that
would benefit from the amount of rental subsidy that will be provided;
(2) A plan describing actions to be taken when the rental subsidy
expires to minimize the impact on tenants losing the rental assistance
and to avoid displacement; and
(3) A copy of the project-based rental assistance agreement to be
signed by the borrower and the provider of the rental assistance.
(d) Rental subsidy agreement. The borrower and the provider of
rental subsidies from sources other than the Agency must execute a
rental subsidy agreement and submit a copy of the agreement to the
Agency. At a minimum, the rental subsidy agreement between the borrower
and the source of the rental subsidy must include the following
provisions:
(1) A description of how the subsidy will be paid. The rental
subsidy payments may be paid directly to the tenants, to the borrower
on behalf of the tenants, or deposited to a separate account
established for the subsidy. The tenants must be advised of the amount
and source of the subsidy through the lease or a supplement to the
lease.
(2) The life of a project-based rental subsidy agreement with a
non-Agency source must be similar to existing or current Agency rental
assistance funding levels and sufficient funds must be set aside to
assure availability of the rental subsidy for this term. The method of
supplying the funds must be clearly established.
Sec. 3560.261 Improperly advanced rental assistance.
Improperly advanced RHS rental assistance resulting from tenant or
borrower error or fraud constitutes unauthorized assistance and the
provisions of subpart O of this part apply.
Sec. Sec. 3560.262-3560.299 [Reserved]
Sec. 3560.300 OMB control number.
The information collection requirements contained in this
regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0189. Public
reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to
vary from 15 minutes to 18 hours per response, including time for
reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the
collection of information. A person is not required to respond to a
collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB
control number.
Subpart G--Financial Management
Sec. 3560.301 General.
This subpart contains requirements for the financial management of
Agency-financed multi-family housing (MFH) projects, including
accounts, budgets, reports, and engagements. Financial management
systems and procedures must cover all housing operations and provide
adequate documentation to ensure that program objectives are met.
Sec. 3560.302 Accounting, bookkeeping, budgeting, and financial
management systems.
(a) General. Borrowers must establish the accounting, bookkeeping,
budgeting and financial management procedures necessary to conduct
housing project operations in a financially safe and sound manner.
Borrowers must maintain records in a manner suitable for an engagement
and must be able to report accurate operational results to the Agency
from these accounts and records.
(b) Acceptable methods of accounting. (1) Borrowers may use a cash,
accrual, or modified accrual method of accounting, bookkeeping, and
budget preparations as long as the method is consistent with the
statements required by the engagement in accordance with the standards
identified in Sec. 3560.308.
[[Page 69146]]
(2) Borrowers must describe their accounting, bookkeeping, budget
preparation, and financial reporting procedures, including Agency-
approved engagements, in their management plan.
(3) Borrowers must notify the Agency of any changes in their
accounting, bookkeeping, budget preparation, and financial management
reporting systems through a revision of their management plan.
(c) Account requirements. (1) As used in this paragraph, the term
account is used interchangeably to mean a bookkeeping account (ledger)
or a bank account.
(2) At a minimum, borrowers must maintain the accounts required by
their loan agreement or resolution.
(3) The following list identifies the financial accounts that are
required for each housing project. Additional accounts may be required
by third-party lenders. Accounts are to be funded in the following
priority order, except that paragraphs (c)(3)(iv), (v), and (vi) of
this section are funded directly by tenant security deposits or patron
capital receipts respectively:
(i) General operating account;
(ii) Real estate tax and insurance account (if not part of the
general operating account);
(iii) Reserve account;
(iv) Tenant security deposit account;
(v) Membership fee account for cooperative housing; and
(vi) For cooperative housing only, a patron capital account.
(4) Amounts escrowed for taxes and insurance may be kept in the
general operating account as long as the accounting system reflects the
amount escrowed.
(5) Regardless of the number or types of accounts established, the
borrower must meet the following requirements:
(i) All housing project funds must be held only in financial
institution accounts insured by an agency of the Federal Government,
backed by collateral provided by the bank, or held in securities
meeting the conditions in this subpart.
(ii) Funds maintained in an institution may not exceed the limit
established for Federal deposit insurance. If funds exceed the amount
covered by Federal deposit insurance, borrowers must obtain a
collateral pledge from the institution to cover all funds or must move
funds to an institution that will insure the funds.
(iii) All funds and proceeds in any account must be used only for
authorized purposes as described in Agency's regulations, loan or grant
documents. Use of funds for non-program purposes constitutes non-
monetary default as described in Sec. 3560.452(c).
(iv) All funds received and held in any account, except the tenant
security deposit, membership fee, and patron capital accounts, must be
held in trust by the borrower for the loan obligation until used and
serve as security for the Agency loan or grant.
(v) Borrowers must be able to account for housing project funds
with accounting methods or practices that maintain the proprietary
identity of the funds for each project. A borrower may operate one
account for multiple projects as long as the funds for each project
themselves are accounted for separately.
(vi) Each borrower must have access to at least one demand deposit
or checking account.
(vii) Housing project funds may not be pledged as collateral for
debts without Agency approval. If such a need arises for an eligible
program purpose, the borrower must obtain prior Agency approval.
(6) Tenant security deposit accounts or membership fee accounts and
patron capital accounts must be maintained in a separate account in
trust for the tenants or members and handled in a manner consistent
with state and local laws.
(d) Documentation of separate accountability. Housing project funds
may be combined in one or more bank accounts for two or more housing
projects as long as the borrower's accounting system segregates and
tracks funds for each project separately.
(1) When borrowers request Agency approval of an accounting system
that combines funds from two or more housing projects, they must
demonstrate to the Agency that the accounting systems are structured to
segregate and maintain separate accountability for each housing
project. Such demonstration must include a statement issued by a
Certified Public Accountant (CPA) stating that the accounting system is
structured to meet this principle of separate accountability.
(2) The accounting system and management plan must document the
method for prorating revenue and expenses that are not clearly
identifiable as being associated with a particular housing project.
(3) Funds for housing projects managed by the same management
company must not be co-mingled.
(e) Records. (1) Borrowers must retain all housing project
financial records, books, and supporting material for at least three
years after the issuance of the engagement and financial reports. Upon
request, these materials will immediately be made available to the
Agency, its representatives, the USDA Office of the Inspector General
(OIG), or the General Accountability Office (GAO).
(2) Borrower accounts and records will be kept or made available in
a location with reasonable access for inspection, review, and copying
by the Agency, other authorized representatives of the USDA, OIG, or
GAO.
(3) Automated records may be used if they meet the conditions of
paragraph (f) of this section.
(f) Forms generated by automated systems. (1) The forms and formats
approved for use by borrowers may be prepared on automated systems when
they meet the requirements of this paragraph.
(2) Forms may be automated if they meet the following requirements:
(i) The identical wording and nomenclature of an official form must
be included in the automated version of the form, including the Office
of Management and Budget (OMB) approval number.
(ii) The logic or mathematical calculation of an official form must
be the same in an automated version of the form.
(iii) The name or logo of the source of the automated form must be
visible on each output of the automated form.
(iv) Output size must be 8\1/2\ x 11 inches.
(v) Nominal spacing adjustment and colored paper are allowed.
(g) Farm Labor Housing. Borrowers with on-farm labor housing units
will be considered in compliance with this section by virtue of
completing the record keeping and reporting requirements outlined in
subpart M of this part.
Sec. 3560.303 Housing project budgets.
(a) General requirements. (1) Using an Agency-approved format,
borrowers must submit to the Agency for approval a proposed annual
housing project budget prior to the start of the housing project's
fiscal year. The capital budget section of the annual project budget
must include anticipated expenditures on the project's long-term
capital needs as specified in Sec. 3560.103(c).
(2) Budget projections regarding income, expenses, vacancies, and
contingencies must be realistic given the housing project's history,
current circumstances, and market conditions.
(3) Borrowers must document that the operating expenses included in
the budget accurately reflect reasonable and necessary costs to operate
the housing project in a manner consistent with the
[[Page 69147]]
objectives of the loan and in accordance with the applicable Agency
requirements.
(4) Borrower must submit supporting documentation to justify
housing project utility allowances.
(5) Upon Agency request, borrowers must submit any additional
documentation necessary to establish that applicable Agency
requirements have been met.
(b) Allowable and unallowable project expenses. Expenses charged to
project operations, whether for management agent services or other
expenses, must be reasonable, typical, necessary and show a clear
benefit to the residents of the property. Services and expenses charged
to the property must show value added and be for authorized purposes.
(1) Allowable expenses. Allowable expenses include those expenses
that are directly attributable to housing project operations and are
necessary to carry out successful operations.
(i) Housing project expenses must not duplicate expenses included
in the management fee as defined in Sec. 3560.102(i).
(ii) Actual costs for direct personnel costs of permanent and part-
time staff assigned directly to the project site. This includes
managers, maintenance staff, and temporary help including their:
(A) Gross salary;
(B) Employer FICA contribution;
(C) Federal unemployment tax;
(D) State unemployment tax;
(E) Workers compensation insurance;
(F) Health insurance premiums;
(G) Cost of fidelity or comparable insurance;
(H) Leasing, performance incentive or annual bonuses;
(I) Direct costs of travel to off-site locations by on-site staff
for property business or training; and/or
(J) Retirement benefits.
(iii) Legal fees directly related to the operation and management
of the property including tenant lease enforcement actions, property
tax appeals and suits, and the preparation of all legal documents.
(iv) All outside account and auditing fees, if required by the
Agency, directly related to the preparation of the annual audit,
partnership tax returns and 401-K's, as well as other outside reports
and year-end reports to the Agency, or other governmental agency.
(v) All repair and maintenance costs for the project including:
(A) Maintenance staffing costs and related expenses.
(B) Maintenance supplies.
(C) Contract repairs to the projects (e.g., heating and air
conditioning, painting, roofing).
(D) Make ready expenses including painting and repairs, flooring
replacement and appliance replacement as well as drapery or mini-blind
replacement. (Turnover maintenance).
(E) Preventive maintenance expenses including occupied unit repairs
and maintenance as well as common area systems repairs and maintenance.
(F) Snow removal.
(G) Elevator repairs and maintenance contracts.
(H) Section 504 and other Fair Housing compliance modifications and
maintenance.
(I) Landscaping maintenance, replacements, and seasonal plantings.
(J) Pest control services.
(K) Other related maintenance expenses.
(vi) All operational costs related to the project including:
(A) The costs of obtaining and receiving credit reports, police
reports, and other checks related to tenant selection criteria for
prospective residents.
(B) The cost of duplicating forms for those properties not owning a
copier. This will include the costs of producing or purchasing forms
and mailing or delivering those forms to the project site.
(C) All bank charges related to the property including purchases of
supplies (e.g., checks, deposit slips, returned check fees, service
fees).
(D) Costs of site-based telephone including initial installation,
basic services, directory listings, and long-distances charges.
(E) All advertising costs related specifically to the operations of
that project. This can include advertising for applicants or employees
in newspapers, newsletters, radio, cable TV, and telephone books.
(F) Postage and delivery costs from the site including expenses to
the Agency or other governmental agencies, tenants, verifying third
parties, central management offices, etc.
(G) Partnership or corporate business expenses including state
taxes and other mandated state or local fees as well as other relevant
expenses required for operation of the property by a third-party
governmental unit. Costs of continuation financing statements and site
license and permit costs.
(H) Expenses related to site utilities including actual costs and
surcharges as well as deposits and expense of utility bonds in lieu of
bonds.
(I) Site office furniture and equipment including site based
computer and copiers. Service agreements and warranties for copiers,
telephone systems and computers are also included (if approved by the
Agency).
(J) Real estate taxes (personal tangible property and real property
taxes) and expenses related to controlling or reducing taxes.
(K) All costs of insurance including property liability and
casualty as well as fidelity or crime and dishonesty coverage for on-
site employees and the owners.
(L) Costs of collecting rents on-site including bookkeeping
supplies and recordkeeping items.
(M) Costs of preparing and maintaining tenant files and processing
tenant certifications including all office supplies, copies and other
associated expenses.
(N) Public relations expense relative to maintaining positive
relationships between the local community and the tenants with the
management staff and the borrowers. Chamber of Commerce dues,
contributions to local charity events, and sponsorship of tenant
activities, are examples.
(O) Tax Credit Compliance Monitoring Fees imposed by HFAs.
(P) All insurance deductibles as well as adjuster expenses.
(Q) Professional service contracts (audits and compilations, tax
returns, energy audits, utility allowances, architectural,
construction, rehabilitation and inspection contracts, etc.)
(R) On-site training pre-approved by the Agency provided by outside
training vendors.
(S) Site manager salary for additional hours associated with
congregate housing.
(vii) With prior Agency approval, cooperatives and nonprofit
organizations may use housing project funds to pay asset management
expenses directly attributable to ownership responsibilities. Such
expenses may include:
(A) Errors and omissions insurance policy for the Board of
Directors.
(B) Board of Director review and approval of proposed Agency's
annual operating budgets, including proposed repair and replacement
outlays and accruals.
(C) Board of Director review and approval of capital expenditures,
financial statements, and consideration of any management comments
noted.
(D) Long-term asset management reviews.
(2) Unallowable expenses. Housing project funds may not be used for
any of the following:
(i) Equity skimming as defined in 42 U.S.C. 543 (a).
(ii) Purposes unrelated to the housing project.
(iii) Reimbursement of inaccurate or false claims.
[[Page 69148]]
(iv) Settlement agreements, court ordered decrees, legal fees, or
other costs that result from the filing of civil rights complaints or
legal action alleging the borrower, or a representative of the
borrower, has committed a civil rights violation.
(v) Fines, penalties, and legal fees where the borrower or a
borrower's representative has been found guilty of violating laws,
including, but not limited to, civil rights, and building codes.
(vi) Association dues to be paid by the project should be related
to training for site managers or management agents. To the extent that
association dues can document training for site managers or management
agents related to project activities by actual cost or pro-ration, a
reasonable expense may be billed to the project.
(vii) Pay for bonuses or monetary performance awards to site
managers or management agents that are not clearly provided for by the
site manager salary contract.
(viii) Billing for parties that are large or unreasonable, such as
renting expensive party halls or hotel rooms and payment for alcoholic
beverages or gifts to management agent staff.
(ix) Billing for practices that are inefficient such as routine use
of collect calls from a site manager to a management agent office.
(c) Priorities. The priority order of planned and actual budget
expenditures will be:
(1) Senior position lienholder, if any;
(2) Operating and maintenance expenses, including taxes and
insurance;
(3) Agency debt payments;
(4) Reserve account requirements;
(5) Other authorized expenditures; and
(6) Return on owner investment.
(d) Agency review and approval. (1) The Agency will only approve
housing project budgets that meet the requirements of paragraphs (a),
(b) and (c) of this section.
(2) If no rent change is requested, borrowers must submit budget
documents for Agency approval 60 calendar days prior to the start of
the housing project's fiscal year. The Agency will notify borrowers if
the budget submission does not meet the requirements of paragraphs (a),
(b), and (c) of this section. The borrower will have 10 days to submit
the additional material.
(3) If a rent change is requested, the borrower must submit budget
documents to the Agency and notify tenants of the requested rent change
at least 90 calendar days prior to the start of the housing project's
fiscal year.
(i) The Agency will notify borrowers if the budget submission does
not meet the requirements of paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of this
section, or if the rent and utility allowance request has been denied
in accordance with Sec. 3560.205(f). The borrower will have 10 days to
submit the additional material to address any issues raised by the
Agency.
(ii) The rent change is not approved until the Agency issues a
written approval. If there is no response from the Agency within the
30-day period, the rent change is considered automatic. The following
budgets are not eligible for automatic approval:
(A) Budgets with rent increases above $25 per unit; and
(B) Budgets that are submitted late or that miss other deadlines
set by the Agency.
(4) If the Agency denies the budget approval, the Agency will
notify the borrower in writing.
(5) If budget approval is denied, the borrower shall continue to
operate the housing project on the basis of the most recently approved
budget.
Sec. 3560.304 Initial operating capital.
(a) Purpose. To provide a source of capital for start-up costs,
such as the purchase of equipment, and paying operating, maintenance,
and debt service expenses. Borrowers are required to make an initial
operating capital contribution to the general operating account as
described in Sec. 3560.64.
(b) Authorized uses of initial operating capital. Initial operating
capital may be used only to pay for approved budgeted expenses.
(c) Withdrawal of initial operating capital. Initial operating
capital funds may be withdrawn by a borrower if:
(1) The initial operating capital was provided from the borrower's
own funds;
(2) The borrower requests the withdrawal after the second year of
housing project operations and prior to the 7th year of operations;
(3) The housing project has had a 90 percent occupancy rate for a
period of 12 months prior to the withdrawal request;
(4) The withdrawal will not affect the financial viability of the
housing project;
(5) Contributions to the reserve account are at authorized levels;
(6) The withdrawal request will not result in rent increases; and
(7) There are no outstanding deficiencies in management's physical
maintenance of the housing project.
Sec. 3560.305 Return on investment.
(a) Borrower's return on investment. Borrowers may receive a return
on their investment (ROI) in accordance with the terms of their loan
agreement and the following:
(1) If there is a positive net cash flow in housing project
operations, the ROI may be taken by the borrower after the housing
project's fiscal year, provided that the balance of the reserve account
is equal to or greater than required deposits minus authorized
withdrawals. If the annual financial reports indicate that an ROI
should not have been taken, borrowers will be required to return any
unauthorized ROI.
(2) If there is negative cash flow in housing project operations,
the Agency may authorize the borrower to take the ROI only after the
Agency has reviewed the housing project's annual financial reports and
determines:
(i) Surplus cash exists in either the general operating account as
defined in Sec. 3560.306(d)(1) or the reserve account, if the balance
is greater than the required deposits minus authorized withdrawals.
(ii) The housing project has sufficient funds to address identified
capital or operational needs.
(b) Unpaid return on investment. An earned, but unpaid ROI for the
previous year only may be requested by the borrower and authorized by
the Agency under the provisions of Sec. 3560.305(a)(2) provided the
current year's ROI has been paid first and a rent increase is not
required to generate funds to pay the unpaid ROI.
Sec. 3560.306 Reserve account.
(a) Purpose. To meet the major capital expense needs of a housing
project, borrowers must establish and maintain a reserve account.
(b) Financial management of the reserve account. Borrower
management of the reserve account is subject to the requirements of 7
CFR part 1902, subpart A regarding supervised bank accounts.
(c) Funding of the reserve account. Borrowers must make payments to
the reserve account in the amount established in loan documents,
beginning with the first loan payment or a date specified in loan
documents.
(d) Transfer of surplus general operating account funds. (1) The
general operating account will be deemed to contain surplus funds when
the balance at the end of the housing project's fiscal year, after all
payables, exceeds 20 percent of the operating and maintenance expenses.
If the borrower is escrowing taxes and insurance premiums, include the
amount that
[[Page 69149]]
should be escrowed by year end and subtract such tax and insurance
premiums from operating and maintenance expenses used to calculate 20
percent of the operating and maintenance expenses.
(2) If a housing project's general operating account has surplus
funds at the end of the housing project's fiscal year, the Agency will
require the borrower to use the surplus funds to address capital needs,
make a deposit in the housing project's reserve account, reduce the
debt service on the borrower's loan, or reduce rents in the following
year. At the end of the borrower's fiscal year, if the borrower is
required to transfer surplus funds from the general operating account
to the reserve account, the transfer does not change the future
required contributions to the reserve account.
(e) Account requirements. Borrowers must establish and maintain the
reserve account according to Sec. 3560.65, Sec. 3560.302(c)(5), and
the following requirements:
(1) Reserve accounts must be deposited in interest-bearing accounts
or securities; and
(2) Reserve accounts must be supervised accounts that require
Agency countersignatures on all withdrawals.
(f) Funds invested in securities. In addition to the requirements
specified in paragraph (e) of this section, the following requirements
apply when reserve funds are invested in securities:
(1) The reserve account must be held either at a Federally insured
domestic institution such as a bank, savings and loan association,
credit union, or at a domestic institution authorized to sell
securities.
(2) The borrower must record the price actually paid for the
securities. When designated as a reserve deposit, the price paid must
equal the required contribution to reserves.
(3) Borrowers must be knowledgeable about industry practices and
consider the impact of typical fees and charges for purchases and sales
and maintenance of an account when making investment decisions. Such
fees may be paid for out of reserves, only with the consent of the
Agency. Housing project funds may not be used to pay for a financial
advisor.
(g) Use of the reserve account. (1) Borrowers must request Agency
approval of reserve account withdrawals prior to the withdrawal.
Borrowers must inform the Agency of planned uses of reserve accounts in
their annual capital budget if known at budget planning time. Any item
on the approved capital budget does not require additional pre-approval
by the Agency.
(2) The Agency will indicate any conditions governing withdrawals
from a reserve account at the time it approves the withdrawal.
(3) In emergency situations, the Agency may specify special
procedures to provide an expedited approval process for the use of the
reserve account.
(4) The Agency may approve the use of reserve funds for operating
costs when circumstances that are determined by the Agency to be beyond
the borrower's control have resulted in a shortfall in the housing
project's general operating account.
(h) Allowable uses. Allowable uses of reserve funds include the
following:
(1) Major capital improvements and replacements.
(2) Housing project operating expenses provided the requirement of
paragraph (g)(4) of this section has been met, including:
(i) Payments due on the loan, or
(ii) Payment of a return on investment at the end of the borrower's
fiscal year if such payment comes from surplus operating funds in the
reserve account.
(3) With Agency approval, borrowers operating on a for-profit or a
limited profit basis may make an annual withdrawal from the reserve
account, equal to no more than 25 percent of the interest earned on a
reserve account during the prior year.
(4) For other purposes, which in the judgment of the Agency will
promote the loan purposes, strengthen the security or facilitate,
improve, or maintain the housing and the orderly collection of the loan
without jeopardizing the loan or impairing the adequacy of the
security.
(i) Records. Borrowers must maintain records documenting all
expenses that were paid by withdrawals from the reserve account.
(j) Changes to reserve requirements. (1) As projects age, the
required reserve account level may be adjusted to meet anticipated
``life-cycle'' needs, including equipment and facility replacement
costs, by amending the loan agreement/resolution.
(2) The Agency may approve a change in the reserve account funding
level based on the findings of an approved capital needs assessment.
The approval to increase reserve account funding levels will take into
consideration the housing project's approved budget and the housing
project's ability to support increased reserve account deposits without
causing basic rents to exceed conventional rents for comparable units
in the area.
(k) Excess reserves. Amounts in the reserve account which exceed
the total required by the loan or grant agreement must be used, at the
direction of the Agency, for any of the following:
(1) Pay for expenses specified in a long-term capital plan;
(2) Make payments and reamortize the Agency loan;
(3) Reduce rents by a transfer to the general operating account;
(4) Fund preservation incentives authorized in subpart N of this
part; or
(5) Cover other expenditures determined to be related to the
purpose of the housing project and in the best interest of the Federal
Government.
(l) Procurement. The requirements of Sec. 3560.102(g), (j), and
(k), and all other Agency requirements relating to procurement,
bidding, identity-of-interest, cost-reasonableness, and construction
management apply to any work or services paid out of reserve funds.
Structural repairs and other significant work on major building systems
such as heating or air conditioning must be done in accordance with the
requirements of 7 CFR part 1924, subpart A.
Sec. 3560.307 Reports.
(a) Required reports. Borrowers must submit required reports using
Agency-approved formats.
(b) Quarterly and monthly reports. The Agency may require quarterly
or monthly reports to monitor financial progress when closer
supervision is warranted.
Sec. 3560.308 Annual financial reports.
(a) General. Borrowers must submit annual financial reports that
meet the requirements of this section. The annual financial reports to
be submitted are the Multi-Family Housing (MFH) Project Budget with
actual expenditures and the MFH Balance Sheet. Annual financial reports
are due to the Agency within 90 days of the end of the borrower's
fiscal year.
(1) Borrowers with 16 or more units in their housing project must
base their annual financial reports on an engagement report completed
according to agreed upon procedures established by the Agency as
specified in paragraph (b) of this section. Borrowers must include the
engagement report with their annual financial reports submitted to the
Agency.
(2) Borrowers with less than 16 units in their housing project must
submit annual financial reports using a limited scope engagement based
on Agency approved procedures and certify that the housing meets the
performance standards established in paragraph (c) of this section.
Borrowers may use a CPA to prepare this report. For properties
[[Page 69150]]
that prepare a limited scope engagement, the Agency may undertake
random audits, once every two or three years.
(3) If a third party requires it, the borrower may have a CPA
prepare an audit in accordance with generally accepted government
auditing standards (GAGAS). Costs incurred to obtain this audit are an
allowable project expense.
(b) Engagement requirements. Borrowers required to submit annual
financial reports based on an engagement performed by a CPA must meet
the following requirements:
(1) Borrowers must use an Agency approved engagement letter.
Borrowers must submit the results of an engagement that examines
specific records using agreed upon procedures established by the Agency
and that describes the borrower's performance in meeting the standards
described in paragraph (c) of this section.
(2) The engagement will be initiated by the borrower using the
Agency's engagement letter, which will specify the engagement program
and establish the reporting requirements for the engagement.
(3) The engagement must be conducted by a CPA in accordance with
American Institute of Certified Public Accountant (AICPA) Standards and
Agency requirements.
(4) All engagement reports must be prepared for use by the Agency.
(c) Performance standards. Borrowers must ensure that:
(1) Required accounts are properly maintained and tracked
separately;
(2) Payments from operating accounts are disclosed and accurately
represented on financial reports;
(3) The reserve amount is at the authorized level and there are no
encumbrances;
(4) Tenant security deposit accounts are fully-funded and are
maintained in separate accounts and meet state and local requirements;
(5) Amount of payment of owner return was consistent with the terms
of the applicable loan agreement;
(6) The borrower has maintained proper insurance in accordance with
the requirements of Sec. 3560.105(b); and
(7) All financial records are adequate and suitable for
examination.
(d) Other financial reports. (1) Nonprofit and public borrower
entities must submit audits in accordance with 7 CFR part 3052 that
must also include the requirements set forth in the limited scope
engagement.
(2) The Agency may require additional opinions of financial
condition and compliance, such as audits, to assure the security of the
asset, determine whether the housing project is being operated at a
reasonable cost, or to detect fraud, waste, or abuse.
(3) Any audits independently obtained by the borrower also must be
submitted to the Agency.
Sec. 3560.309 Advancement (loan) of funds to a RRH project by the
owner, member of the organization, or agent of the owner.
(a) Prior written approval by the Servicing Office is required.
Such advances may be authorized when justified by unusual short-term
conditions. When conditions are not short-term in nature, a servicing
plan may be developed and advances may be approved in accordance with
the provisions set out in Sec. 3560.453 of this part. Justification
will be based on the following:
(1) A review of the documented circumstances and the project
operating budget before any funds are advanced (loaned). The financial
position of the project must not be jeopardized.
(2) Funds are not immediately available from any of the following
sources:
(i) Reserve funds;
(ii) Initial operating capital; and
(iii) An imminent rent increase.
(b) The funds will be applied to ordinary project operating and
maintenance expenses.
(c) Interest may be charged or paid on the loan from project
income; however, interest must be reasonable. The proposal may be
denied if Rural Development financing can be provided to resolve the
problem in a more cost-effective manner.
(d) No lien in connection with the loan will be filed against the
property securing the Rural Development loan or against project income.
The advance may show as an unsecured project liability on financial
statements prepared for year-end reports until such time as it is
authorized to be repaid.
(e) The payback of the advance (loan) may be permitted by the
Servicing Official provided the terms and conditions were mutually
agreed to by the borrower and Rural Development at the time of the
advance and the financial position of the project will not be
jeopardized. Payback should only be permitted on the advance when the
Rural Development debt is current and the reserve requirements are
being maintained at the authorized levels.
Sec. Sec. 3560.310-3560.349 [Reserved]
Sec. 3560.350 OMB control number.
The information collection requirements contained in this
regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0189. Public
reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to
vary from 15 minutes to 18 hours per response, including time for
reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the
collection of information. A person is not required to respond to a
collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB
control number.
Subpart H--Agency Monitoring
Sec. 3560.351 General.
This subpart contains policies for Agency monitoring of operations
and management at multi-family housing (MFH) projects.
Sec. 3560.352 Agency monitoring scope, purpose, and borrower
responsibilities.
(a) Scope of Agency monitoring activities. The Agency will review
reports, records, and other materials related to the housing project,
including borrower financial reports, housing project records, and
other communications. The Agency also will review material related to a
housing project submitted by a tenant or other source. To assess
conditions such as a housing project's physical condition, record
keeping procedures, and operations and management activities, including
borrower compliance with Federal, state, and local laws and Agency
requirements, the Agency will conduct periodic on-site monitoring
reviews of a housing project.
(b) Purpose of Agency monitoring activities. Agency monitoring
activities are designed to assess borrower and tenant compliance with
Agency requirements, and to:
(1) Ensure housing projects are managed in accordance with the
goals and objectives of the Agency's MFH programs and are maintained in
accordance with Agency requirements for affordable, decent, safe, and
sanitary housing;
(2) Preserve the value of the Agency-financed housing projects;
(3) Detect waste, fraud, and abuse in housing project operations or
management and to ensure the cost of operations and management are
necessary and reasonable;
(4) Verify compliance with Affirmative Fair Housing Marketing
requirements, Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title VIII of
the Civil Rights Act of 1968, as amended, section 504 of the
Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the Age Discrimination Act of 1975,
Americans
[[Page 69151]]
with Disabilities Act of 1990, other applicable Federal laws, and
Agency requirements related to occupancy and tenant eligibility.
(c) Borrower responsibilities. The borrower is responsible for
cooperating fully and promptly with Agency monitoring activities.
Agency monitoring activities do not diminish borrower operation and
management responsibilities and do not relieve borrowers from any
Agency requirements including, but not limited to, borrower
requirements to comply with:
(1) The terms of all agreements with the Agency, including the loan
or grant agreement, assurance agreement, loan resolution, promissory
note, mortgage, interest credit agreement, rental assistance agreement,
mitigation measures contained in the environmental review document, and
workout agreement;
(2) The requirements contained in this part;
(3) The requirements of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964,
Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968, as amended; section 504 of
the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the Age Discrimination Act of 1975,
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990; and
(4) Applicable Federal, state, and local laws.
Sec. 3560.353 Scheduling of on-site monitoring reviews.
Generally, the Agency will provide the borrower prior notice of an
on-site monitoring review and will conduct the on-site monitoring
review in the presence of the borrower. However, the Agency may visit a
housing project, without prior notice, to observe physical conditions,
operations and management activities, or other borrower or tenant
activities. In addition, the Agency may conduct on-site reviews without
the presence of the borrower, the management agent, or other designated
representative of the borrower.
Sec. 3560.354 Borrower response to monitoring review notifications.
The Agency will notify borrowers, in writing, whenever Agency
monitoring activities result in deficiency findings or compliance
violations. The monitoring review notification will describe the
deficiencies findings or compliance violations and will specify a time
period by which corrective action must be taken by the borrower. The
notification will offer borrowers an opportunity to discuss the
reported deficiency findings or compliance violations with the Agency
and will explain enforcement actions that the Agency may take if
corrective action is not taken within the time period specified in the
monitoring review notification. When civil rights non-compliance is
found, the State Civil Rights Coordinator or Manager (SCRC/M) will be
notified. If voluntary compliance cannot be obtained, appropriate
enforcement or remedial action will be taken.
Sec. Sec. 3560.355-3560.399 [Reserved]
Sec. 3560.400 OMB control number.
The information collection requirements contained in this
regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0189. Public
reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to
vary from 15 minutes to 18 hours per response, including time for
reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the
collection of information. A person is not required to respond to a
collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB
control number.
Subpart I--Servicing
3560.401 General.
(a) Purpose. This subpart contains actions the Agency may take to
service and collect loans or other debts owed by multi-family housing
(MFH) borrowers. The loan servicing and other actions set forth are
designed to protect Agency and tenant interests and assist borrowers in
meeting program objectives.
(b) General servicing policies. Borrowers must repay loans or other
amounts due to the Agency according to provisions specified in
promissory notes, loan agreements and resolutions, mortgages, deeds-of-
trust, assumption agreements, reamortization agreements, or other
agreements executed between the borrower and the Agency.
(c) Special servicing actions. The Agency will not agree to any
proposal for loan servicing or debt collection action other than
actions consistent with this section, debt instruments, and other
agreements. When payments due to the Agency from a borrower remain
unpaid for more than 30 days after the due date, past due, after the
Agency may initiate the special servicing actions described in subpart
J of this part.
Sec. 3560.402 Loan payment processing.
(a) Predetermined Amortization Schedule System (PASS) requirements.
All loans, except the loans specified in paragraph (c) of this section,
must be closed and serviced using the PASS.
(b) Required conversion to PASS. Borrowers with Daily Interest
Accrual System (DIAS) accounts must convert to PASS whenever a loan
servicing action on the account involves a change in the loan rates or
terms or whenever a subsequent loan to the borrower is closed.
(c) Exceptions. Seasonal farm labor housing loans and on-farm labor
housing loans may be closed on DIAS, monthly, or annual payment
schedules.
Sec. 3560.403 Account servicing.
(a) Payment due dates. Loan or other payments due to the Agency are
due on the first day of each month unless otherwise established in the
debt instrument or other agreement executed with the Agency.
(b) Payment application order. Loan payments will be applied to the
borrower's account in the following order of priority:
(1) Amortized audit receivables. (i.e., amounts due to the Agency,
over a period of time, as a result of a finding from an audit or other
monitoring activity.)
(2) Unamortized audit receivables. (i.e., amounts due to the
Agency, in a lump sum payment, as a result of a finding from an audit
or other monitoring activity.)
(3) Late fees. (i.e., amounts due to the Agency as a result of late
payments.)
(4) Amortized recoverable costs. (i.e., amounts due to the Agency,
over a period of time, as a result of Agency payments made on behalf of
a borrower for housing project related expenses such as taxes or
insurance premiums.)
(5) Unamortized recoverable costs. (i.e., amounts due to the
Agency, in a lump sum payment, as a result of Agency payments made on
behalf of a borrower for housing project related expenses such as taxes
or insurance premiums.)
(6) Overage. (i.e., amounts due to the Agency as a result of a
tenant's tenant contribution being higher than basic rent.)
(7) Interest. (i.e., amounts due to the Agency as a result of
scheduled interest on a loan and as a result of interest charged on
unpaid delinquent principal amounts.)
(8) Principal. (i.e., amounts due to the Agency as the loan
principal.)
(9) Advance payments. (Any funds remaining after disbursement of a
payment to all other payment priorities will be applied to the
borrower's account as an advance regular payment unless a borrower
specifically designates, in writing, another application.)
(c) Late fees. If payments on a borrower's account, under PASS, are
[[Page 69152]]
more than $15 delinquent after the close of business on the 10th day
after the payment due date, a late fee will be charged to the
borrower's account.
(1) Late fees charged to a borrower's account will equal 6 percent
of the total regular payments due as specified in any promissory notes,
assumption agreements, or reamortization agreements related to the
borrower's account.
(2) Late fees are a borrower expense and must not be paid from
housing project funds.
(3) The Agency may waive late fees for circumstances beyond a
borrower's control and when a waiver is determined by the Agency to be
in the best financial interest of the Federal Government.
(d) Interest on unpaid overdue principal. On the first day of the
month following a payment due date, the Agency will charge interest at
the note rate on any unpaid principal payment due according to the
loan's amortization schedule (i.e., interest will be charged on
delinquent principal). The interest charged on the unpaid principal
payment due will be charged to the borrower in addition to the
scheduled interest due on payments according to the loan's amortization
schedule.
Sec. 3560.404 Final loan payments.
(a) Payoff statements. At the borrower's request, the Agency will
provide a statement indicating the pay off amount necessary to pay the
borrower's account in full.
(b) Final payments. A borrower's final loan payment must include
repayment of all outstanding obligations to the Agency.
(1) Any supervised funds being held by the Agency will be applied
to the borrower's account or, at the borrower's option, will be
returned to the borrower following acceptance of final payment on all
outstanding obligations.
(2) If a balance due remains on a borrower's account after Agency
acceptance of a final payment, due to borrower error or fraud or Agency
error, the Agency will initiate collection action in accordance with
the unauthorized assistance collection procedures described in subpart
O of this part.
(c) Final payment loans. Borrowers with loans for which the Agency
approved an amortization period that exceeded the term of the loan may
request a loan to finance the final payment in accordance with the
requirements of Sec. 3560.74.
(d) Loan prepayment requests. If prepayment of an Agency loan is
requested, the applicable preservation requirements of subpart N of
this part, including the execution of any appropriate restrictive-use
agreements, must be met prior to the Agency's acceptance of a final
loan payment under the prepayment request.
(e) Payment forms. Final payments may be made by cashier's check,
certified check, money order, bank draft, or other withdrawal
instruments approved by the Agency.
(1) If borrowers use forms of payment requiring special handling,
the borrower is responsible for the cost of the special handling.
(2) When payment is provided in a form that is not the equivalent
of cash, the Agency will consider the payment to be received at the
time the payment has been converted to cash and funds have been
transferred to the Agency.
(f) Release of security instruments. The Agency will release
security instruments, subject to applicable restrictive-use agreements
referenced in subpart N of this part, when full payment of all
outstanding obligations to the Agency has been received, accepted, and
the funds have been transferred to the Agency.
(1) If the Agency and the borrower agree to settle an account for
less than the full amount owed, the Agency will release security
instruments when the borrower has paid in full all agreed upon
obligations.
(2) Recording costs for the release of the security instruments
will be the responsibility of the borrower, except where state law
requires the mortgagee to record or file the satisfaction.
(g) Special circumstances--Refund of entire principal. If the
entire principal of the loan is refunded after the loan is closed, the
borrower must pay interest from the date of the note to the date of
receipt of the refund.
Sec. 3560.405 Borrower organizational structure or ownership interest
changes.
(a) General. The requirements of this section apply to changes in a
borrower entity's organizational structure or to a change in a borrower
entity's controlling interest. If 100 percent of a borrower entity's
ownership interest is transferred, within a 12-month period, the change
will be considered a housing project transfer and the provisions of
Sec. 3560.406, which covers transfers or sales of housing projects,
will apply.
(b) Agency requirements. Borrowers must notify the Agency prior to
the implementation of any changes in a borrower entity's organizational
structure. The Agency must give its consent prior to the implementation
of changes in a borrower entity's controlling interest.
(1) Borrowers must submit written requests for Agency consent to
the Agency at least 45 days prior to the anticipated effective date of
the proposed organizational change. The request must document that the
proposed changes will not adversely affect the program purposes or
security interest of the Agency and will not adversely affect tenants.
(2) If the controlling interest change involves a transfer of
interest to an entity not previously holding an ownership interest in
the borrower entity, the request for consent must include a written
certification, executed by the party receiving the ownership interest,
certifying that the recipient of the ownership interest agrees to
assume responsibilities and obligations required of a borrower as
established in Agency program requirements including requirements in
the promissory note, loan agreement, or other document related to
Agency loans held by the borrower entity.
(3) The Agency will not take a consent request for a controlling
interest change under consideration if the borrower's request fails to
meet the requirements specified in paragraph (b)(2) of this section.
(c) Documentation of organizational structures and ownership
interest. Borrowers must annually document their organizational
structure and ownership.
(1) Documentation must be submitted with the annual financial
reports required by Sec. 3560.308 and must reflect any changes made
during the 12-month period preceding the submission of the annual
financial reports.
(2) If no changes in a borrower entity's organizational structure
or ownership were made during the 12-month period prior to submission
of the annual financial reports, borrowers are not required to submit
documentation, but must submit a statement certifying that no changes
have been made in the documents on file with the Agency.
(3) Organizational structure and ownership documentation must
include the following items:
(i) A current organization description reflecting all approved
changes in the organizational structure of the borrower entity and
listing the names, addresses, and tax identification numbers of all
parties with an ownership interest in the borrower entity; and
(ii) A written statement by the borrower certifying that the
changes in the borrower entity's organizational structure or ownership
interests were completed in compliance with state and local laws and in
accordance with
[[Page 69153]]
organizational requirements of the borrower entity.
Sec. 3560.406 MFH ownership transfers or sales.
(a) General. The provisions of this section apply to ownership
transfers or sales (e.g., title transfers) involving an Agency financed
housing project. The provisions cover situations where Agency loans are
being assumed as a part of a housing project transfer or sale.
(b) Agency consent requirements. Agency consent must be obtained
prior to an ownership transfer or sale and Agency consent will only be
given when the transfer or sale is in the best interest of the Federal
Government. Any ownership transfer or sale without the consent of the
Agency will be considered a default and will be handled in accordance
with subpart J of this part.
(1) Priority consideration will be given to ownership transfers or
sales needed to remove a hardship to the borrower that was caused by
circumstances beyond the borrower's control.
(2) Ownership transfers or sales with an assumption of debt at an
amount less than the borrower's debt amount will only be approved by
the Agency when all persons in the borrower entity who are transferring
their ownership interest or are involved in the selling of the property
are not part of the transferee organization.
(c) Consent request requirements. Borrowers must submit written
requests for Agency consent to an ownership transfer or sale of a
housing project to the Agency at least 45 days prior to proposed
ownership transfer or sale date. The consent request must document that
the proposed transfer or sale meets the requirements of paragraph (d)
of this section and must include the following items:
(1) A statement disclosing any identity-of-interest between the
borrower and the party to which the housing project ownership is being
transferred or sold.
(2) A statement certifying that the housing project's financial
accounts are funded at required levels, less authorized withdrawals,
and that payments due for operation and maintenance expenses, tax
assessments, insurance premiums, any required tenant security deposit
accounts, and other obligations incurred as a part of the housing
project operations are paid in full with no overdue balances or a
statement explaining the housing project's financial situation and the
reasons for overdue payments or under funded accounts.
(3) A proposed housing project budget covering the partial year, if
applicable, and first full year operation following the ownership
transfer or housing project sale.
(4) A written statement, signed by the proposed transferee or
buyer, certifying that the transferee or buyer will assume the borrower
responsibilities and obligations specified in Agency program
requirements including requirements in a promissory note, loan
agreement or other documents related to Agency loans held by the
borrower entity.
(5) A certification from the borrower and the proposed transferee
or buyer that the borrower does not and will not have a reversionary
interest in the housing project.
(d) Requirements for ownership transfers or sales. An ownership
transfer or sale of a housing project with an assumption of Agency
loans by the transferee or buyer must comply with the following
conditions:
(1) The transferee or buyer must be an eligible borrower under the
requirements established by subpart B of this part;
(2) The transferee or buyer must agree to set basic rents at the
housing project covered by the assumed loans at levels that do no
exceed conventional rents for comparable units in the area, except that
when determined necessary by the Agency to allow for decent, safe and
sanitary housing to be provided in market areas where conventional
rents are not sufficient to cover necessary operating, maintenance, and
reserve costs. Basic rents may be allowed to exceed comparable rents
for conventional units, but in no case by more than 150% of the
comparable rent for conventional unit rent level; and
(3) The value of the housing project covered by the loans to be
assumed, at the time of an ownership transfer or sale, must be
sufficient to ensure that all Agency loans being assumed and all
subsequent loans being offered as a part of the transfer or sale can be
secured to a level that fully protects the Agency's interest. Loans
from third-party sources that are not dependent on project revenue for
payment will not be included in this determination.
(i) If the total value of the loans being offered as a part of an
ownership transfer or sale is $100,000 or less, the security value of
the housing project may be determined through either: An Agency review
of monitoring reports conducted in accordance with the requirements in
subpart H of this part or an appraisal paid for by the borrower and
conducted in accordance with subpart P of this part.
(ii) If the total value of the loans being offered as a part of an
ownership transfer or sale exceeds $100,000, the security value of the
housing project must be determined through an appraisal obtained by the
Agency and conducted in accordance with subpart P of this part.
(iii) The Agency may approve a loan write-down, in accordance with
Sec. 3560.455, prior to an ownership transfer or sale to reduce the
amount of debt being assumed by the transferee or buyer.
(4) Prior to Agency approval of an ownership transfer or sale, an
environmental review, as required under the National Environmental
Policy Act and in accordance with 7 CFR part 1940, subpart G, must be
conducted on all property related to the ownership transfer or sale. If
contamination from hazardous substances or petroleum products is found
on the property, the finding must be disclosed to the Agency and the
transferee or buyer and must be taken into consideration in the
determination of the housing project's value.
(5) All immediate and long-term repair and rehabilitation needs
must be identified by a capital needs assessment. The reserve
requirements for the housing project will be reviewed by the Agency and
adjusted, if necessary, to adequately cover the cost of addressing the
property's capital needs. The Agency may approve the release of the
current reserve amount to the transferor provided the transferee agrees
to deposit the amount to cover the project's immediate needs into the
reserve account at closing.
(6) The borrower and transferee must disclose to the Agency all
terms, conditions, or other considerations related to the ownership
transfer or sale. All side or other agreements must be disclosed and
all sources and uses of funds related to the ownership transfer or sale
must be disclosed.
(7) An agreement must be signed between the borrower and the
transferee listing all repairs known by the borrower to be necessary to
bring the housing project into compliance with Agency requirements for
decent, safe, and sanitary housing as listed in subpart C of this part.
(i) The agreement must include repairs required to correct
compliance violations cited in a compliance violation notice issued by
the Agency.
(ii) The agreement must specify whether each repair listed will be
completed by the borrower prior to the ownership transfer or by the
transferee in accordance with a workout agreement developed in
accordance with the
[[Page 69154]]
requirements of Sec. 3560.453 and executed between the transferee or
buyer and the Agency.
(8) A civil rights compliance review, as required by 7 CFR part
1901, subpart E, will be conducted by the Agency prior to the ownership
transfer or sale.
(9) During or immediately after the transfer, a review of the
property must be conducted to ensure that it complies with or will
comply with section 504(c) of the Americans with Disabilities Act
(ADA), which covers accessibility requirements, and the Title VI of the
Fair Housing Act of 1968.
(10) A transferee must ensure that tenant certifications in
compliance with subpart D of this part for all occupied rental units
are on file with the Agency.
(11) A transferee must comply with insurance and bonding
requirements established in subpart C of this part at the time of the
transfer.
(12) A transferee must agree to submit financial reports to the
Agency according to subpart G of this part.
(13) A transferee must establish that there are no liens,
judgments, or other claims against the housing project other than those
by the Agency and those to which the Agency has previously agreed.
(14) A limited profit Rural Rental Housing transferee's initial
investment and return on investment will remain the same as that
originally provided to the transferor unless:
(i) The property is transferred to a non-profit entity and the
return on investment is eliminated; or
(ii) The transferee contributes additional funds for repair or
rehabilitation and the Agency agrees to recognize a higher initial
investment.
(e) Equity payments. The Agency will withhold any equity payment
due to the borrower, as part of an ownership transfer or sale, if any
of the following conditions exist:
(1) The borrower's indebtedness to the Agency has not been paid in
full or is not being assumed by the transferee. The Agency will require
that all or part of an equity payment be applied against other Agency
loans owed by the borrower if payments on the other loans are not
current.
(2) Any non-Agency prior liens against a housing project are not
paid in full.
(3) Any housing project financial accounts are not funded at
required levels, less authorized withdrawals, or any payments due for
operation and maintenance expenses, tax assessments, insurance
premiums, tenant security deposits or other obligations incurred as a
part of housing project operations are not paid in full.
(4) Any management deficiencies cited in a compliance violation
notice issued by the Agency to the borrower have not been corrected or
the housing project is not operating under an approved management plan
or, if applicable, an approved management agreement.
(5) Any operation and maintenance deficiencies cited in compliance
violation notices issued by the Agency have not been corrected or are
not scheduled for correction in a workout agreement developed in
accordance with the requirements of Sec. 3560.453.
(6) The borrower entity is, at the time of the ownership transfer
or sale, cited by the Agency or other Federal, state, or local agencies
for violations of Fair Housing or Equal Opportunity requirements.
(7) The borrower entity is, at the time of the ownership transfer
or sale, cited by the Agency or any other entity involved in the
financing of the housing project for misappropriation of funds.
(f) Equity payment funding sources. Equity may be provided in cash
or through a loan. If a full equity payment to the transferor is not
paid at the time of the ownership transfer or sale or has not been paid
through an Agency equity loan or third-party equity loan approved by
the Agency to the borrower, the transferee must certify that equity
payments due to the borrower will be paid from sources other than
housing project's funds and must identify the sources of such payments.
(g) Restrictive-use requirement. Transferees assuming Agency loans,
including loans approved prior to December 21, 1979, will be required
to execute a restrictive-use agreement that contains the language
specified in Sec. 3560.662. The restrictive-use agreement will require
the housing project to be used for program purposes for a specified
period of time beyond the date that the ownership transfer or sale is
closed. When an equity loan is involved at the time of transfer, the
restrictions will be for 30 years.
(h) Subsequent loans. The Agency may approve a subsequent loan or
permit a loan from a third-party source in conjunction with an
ownership transfer or sale of a housing project. The subsequent loan
may be in the form of a junior or parity lien.
(1) Subsequent loans on a housing project proposed in conjunction
with an ownership transfer or sale must be requested and processed in
accordance with the Agency loan origination requirements in subpart B
of this part.
(2) The Agency may amortize the subsequent loan over a period not
to exceed the remaining economic life of the housing or 50 years,
whichever is less.
(3) The Agency may extend the term of the existing loan to a period
not to exceed 30 years or the remaining economic life of the housing,
whichever is less.
(i) Loan assumption interest rates. The interest rate for Agency
loans assumed in conjunction with an ownership transfer or sale will be
determined as follows:
(1) The interest rate for all loans, except farm labor housing
loans, will be set at the lower of:
(i) The note rate of the existing Agency loan;
(ii) The Agency note rate on the day the transfer is approved;
(iii) The Agency note rate on the day the transfer is closed; or
(iv) If the rents are increased due to a transfer, the transfer
will be done under new rates and terms when the Agency determines that
it is in the best interest of the government. Subsequent loan may be in
the form of a senior, junior or parity lien or soft second.
(2) The interest rate on farm labor housing loans will be the rate
specified in the note, except that loans transferred to public bodies,
nonprofit organizations of farm workers, and broadly-based nonprofit
corporations for farm labor housing purposes may be at a one percent
interest rate regardless of the rate specified in the note if the
Agency determines that such a reduction is necessary to maintain
affordable rental rates for tenants.
(j) Loan assumption terms. The amount of the loan balance that may
be assumed through an ownership transfer or sale must not exceed the
security value of the housing project determined according to Sec.
3560.406(d)(3)(i).
(1) The Agency may reamortize a loan assumed through an ownership
transfer or sale over a period not to exceed the remaining economic
life of the housing or 50 years, whichever is less.
(2) The Agency may extend the term of the loan to a period not to
exceed 30 years or the remaining economic life of the housing,
whichever is less.
(3) When loans assumed through an ownership transfer or sale are
amortized on an annual payment basis, the loans will be converted, at
the time of the transfer or sale, to a monthly payment amortization and
will be made subject to PASS. When on- or off-farm labor housing
projects are involved in an ownership transfer or sale, the related
loans may be transferred on a DIAS basis or converted to PASS if the
Agency determines that such a conversion will not be detrimental to the
operation of the farm labor housing.
[[Page 69155]]
(k) Processing ownership transfers or sales. (1) At the time of the
transfer, the Agency will require the borrower to transfer all
equipment, related facilities, and housing project financial accounts
to the transferee including the operation and maintenance account,
reserve account, tenant security deposit account, tax and insurance
escrow accounts.
(i) Any funds remaining in a rental assistance contract not
dispersed by the transferor will be assigned to the transferee unless
the rental assistance is not needed for tenants or another form of
rental subsidy is to be used.
(ii) Any rental assistance determined to be unnecessary will be
reassigned to other housing projects in accordance with the provisions
of subpart F of this part.
(2) The Agency will require that appropriate loan documents are
executed by the transferee. The Agency may require such documents to be
referenced in security instruments (e.g., mortgage or deed of trust).
(3) If all of a borrower's outstanding Agency debt is not assumed
or paid off at the time of the transfer or sale, the Agency will not
release a borrower from liability unless the Agency determines that the
borrower is unable to pay the remaining debt from assets taken as
security through the debt settlement procedure in accordance with Sec.
3560.457.
(l) Ownership transfers or sales under special rates, terms, and
conditions. Housing projects may be transferred or sold to entities
that do not meet borrower eligibility requirements for the type of
loans being assumed. However, such a transfer or sale will only be
considered when it is determined by the Agency to be in the best
interest of the Federal Government and the objectives of the original
loan can no longer be met. The following special rates, terms, and
conditions will apply to such situations.
(1) The transferee makes a down payment of at least 10 percent of
the remaining loan balance to be assumed.
(2) The transferee has the ability to pay the Agency debt.
(3) Monthly or annual installments will be amortized over the term
of the loan and the interest rate will be at a rate of interest at
least one percent higher than the interest rate offered to eligible
borrowers as specified in paragraphs (i)(1) or (2) of this section.
Sec. 3560.407 Sales or other disposition of security property.
(a) General. Borrowers must obtain Agency approval prior to selling
or exchanging all or a part of, or an interest in, property serving as
security for Agency loans. Agency approval also must be requested and
received prior to the granting or conveyance of rights-of-way through
property serving as security property. An environmental review must be
completed in accordance with 7 CFR part 1940, subpart G, before the
Agency approves all such sales or other dispositions of security
property.
(b) Request requirements. Requests for Agency approval of
transactions related to security property must document that the
following conditions will be met.
(1) The borrower's ability to repay the Agency debt will not be
impaired;
(2) The transaction will not interfere with the successful
operation of the housing project or prevent the borrower from carrying
out the purpose for which the loan was made.
(3) The monetary or other consideration offered in the transaction
is equal to or greater than the market value of the security property
being disposed of or the rights being granted, except that right-of-way
easements may be granted or conveyed with minimal or no consideration
being offered if:
(i) The value of the security property will not be reduced;
(ii) The suitability of the security property for the intended
purpose will not be impaired; and
(iii) The easement is granted to allow the borrower to develop
additional lots or units that will be integrated into the housing
project or for enhancement of streets, utilities or other services
provided by a public body.
(4) The property that will remain as security for Agency loans,
after any transaction related to security property, will fully secure
the borrower's debt to the Agency.
(5) Borrowers must report to the Agency the total of all proceeds
derived from the sale or other disposition of property serving as
security for Agency loans. The proceeds from the disposition of the
security property will be used for purposes approved by the Agency.
Sec. 3560.408 Lease of security property.
(a) General. Borrowers must obtain Agency approval prior to
entering into a lease agreement related to any property serving as
security for Agency loans. An environmental review must be completed in
accordance with 7 CFR part 1940, subpart G, before the Agency can give
lease approval for real property serving as security for Agency loans.
(b) Leases to public housing authorities. Borrowers may not lease
all or part of their housing facilities to a housing authority. Lease
agreements in place prior to the effective date of this regulation may
be continued provided that leases are in a form acceptable to the
housing authority and are on terms that will enable the borrower to
comply with Agency program requirements, to meet Agency program
objectives, and make loan and other required payments to the Agency on
an Agency approved schedule.
(c) Lease of a portion of the security property. The Agency may,
subject to the applicable provisions governing loan purposes found in
of Sec. 3560.53, Sec. 3560.553 and Sec. 3560.603, approve the
leasing of facilities related to a housing project (e.g., central
kitchens, recreation facilities, laundry rooms, and community rooms)
when the borrower will continue to operate the facilities for the
purposes for which the loan was made. Agency approval is not required
for leases with a term of less than 30 days. The Agency will only
approve a lease with a term over 30 days if the following conditions
are met:
(1) The lease is in the best interest of the borrower, the tenants,
and the Federal Government.
(2) The amount of the consideration agreed to in the lease is
adequate to pay all prorated operating and maintenance expenses, a
prorated share of the annual reserve deposit, and the prorated part of
the loan amortization at the note rate of interest.
(3) All compensation and considerations, whether payments, a share
of proceeds, or improvements to the property paid for by the lessee,
must be disclosed to the Agency. No payments or compensation for
entering into a lease shall flow to the borrower or any identity-of-
interest related to the borrower.
(4) The lease provides at its termination for the restoration of
the leased space to its original condition or a condition acceptable to
the owner and the Federal Government.
(5) Consent to the lease will not exceed 3 years at a time unless
the Agency determines that a longer lease is advantageous to the
borrower, the tenants, and the Federal Government.
(6) When another lienholder's mortgage requires that lienholder's
consent to a lease, the borrower must obtain written consent from the
lienholder before the Agency will consider approving the lease.
(d) Mineral leases. Mineral leases will be handled according to 7
CFR 3550.159 except that all references to County Supervisor will be
construed to mean District Director when applied to the MFH Programs.
[[Page 69156]]
Sec. 3560.409 Subordinations or junior liens against security
property.
(a) General. Borrowers must obtain Agency consent prior to entering
into any financial transaction that will require a subordination of the
Agency security interest in the property (i.e., granting of a prior
interest to another lender.) An environmental review must be completed
in accordance with 7 CFR part 1940, subpart G, before the Agency can
consent to a subordination or junior lien against the property.
Borrowers must use an Agency approved subordination agreement.
(1) If a lien is placed against property serving as security for an
Agency loan without prior Agency consent, the Agency will declare the
borrower to be in default and will pursue liquidation of the borrower's
loans in accordance with the procedures specified in Sec. 3560.457,
unless an agreement can be reached between the borrower and the Agency
to work out removal of the lien or post approve the lien.
(2) Subordinations or junior liens need not encompass the entire
site, (e.g., a subordination or junior lien requested to permit an
interim lender to advance construction funds may only cover the portion
of the site proposed for construction.)
(3) The subordination or junior lien must be for a specific amount.
(4) The subordination or junior lien must not adversely impact the
Agency's ability to service the loan according to the requirements of
this part.
(b) Consent request requirements. Borrowers proposing to have the
Agency subordinate its interest to another lender or to give a creditor
a junior lien against property serving as security for an Agency loan
must submit a consent request to the Agency. The consent request must
document the following:
(1) The action will enable the borrower to obtain financial
resources for improvements or repairs on the security property that are
consistent with the purposes of the Agency loan secured by the
property.
(2) The action will not adversely impact the borrower's financial
condition and the borrower's ability to repay the Agency loan being
secured by the property.
(3) The action will not result in basic rents at the security
property that exceed conventional rents for comparable units in the
area.
(4) The terms and conditions of the credit to be secured by the
subordination or junior lien are not expected to adversely affect the
borrowers ability to meet the terms and conditions of the Agency loan
secured by the property.
(5) The proposed use of the funds obtained through the granting of
a subordination or junior lien will not adversely affect the borrower's
ability to meet Agency program requirements or to operate and manage
the housing project in a manner consistent with program objectives.
(6) The creditor receiving the ``subordination'' of interest in the
property or the junior lien will agree that a foreclosure or acceptance
of a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure will not be initiated without at least
30 days prior notice to the Agency.
(7) The subordination or junior lien is not being secured with any
funding from housing project financial accounts.
(8) The ``subordination'' of interest or junior lien will not cause
the debt from all sources to exceed the value of the security property.
(9) The transaction related to the placement of a ``subordination''
of interest or junior lien against the property serving as security for
an Agency loan is in the best interest of the Federal Government.
(c) Required conditions for subordinations and junior liens.
Subordinations of interest in or junior liens against property serving
as security for an Agency loan may be approved by the Agency only if
they improve a borrower's financial condition and allow for
improvements or repairs that are consistent with the purposes of the
Agency loan secured by the property.
(1) Farm Labor Housing loans on farm tracts may be subordinated for
essential farm improvements and operations.
(2) Any proposed development must be planned and performed
according to 7 CFR part 1924, subpart A, or in a manner directed by the
other lienholder that meets the objectives of 7 CFR part 1924, subpart
A.
(d) Other liens against a property or other assets. (1) Borrowers
must not enter into any agreements to place a lien on a housing project
or any equipment related to a housing project without prior Agency
approval and unless the following conditions are met:
(i) The transaction will not adversely affect the Agency's security
position;
(ii) The lien is not related to a non-program eligible action;
(iii) The items to be acquired by the funding related to the lien
is needed for the operation of the property; and
(iv) The financing arrangements are otherwise sound.
(2) In cases where the above criteria are met, borrowers must
complete and provide the Agency a copy of the financing statement, loan
document, or contract, as applicable, as well as a security agreement
acceptable to the Agency.
Sec. 3560.410 Consolidations.
(a) General. With Agency approval, loans, loan agreements, or loan
resolutions may be consolidated to reduce the administrative burden
(i.e., record keeping, budgeting), to improve the cost effectiveness
and efficiencies of housing project operations, and to effectively
utilize facilities common to housing projects.
(b) Loan consolidations. Loan consolidations will only be
considered when:
(1) Multiple loans to the one borrower entity are being transferred
to a different borrower entity in accordance with Sec. 3560.406, or
(2) One borrower entity has an initial loan and one or more
subsequent loans for the same housing project and all the loans were
closed on the same date and with the same rates and terms.
(c) Loan agreement or loan resolution consolidations. Loan
agreements or loan resolutions may be consolidated, even if the loans
related to the agreement or resolution are not consolidated, to allow
borrowers to comply with reporting, accounting, and other Agency
requirements as a single housing project.
(1) The loan agreements or loan resolutions may only be
consolidated when they are related to loans made for the same purposes,
to the same borrower, and operating under the same type of interest
credit, if applicable.
(2) All of a borrower's loan accounts must be current after the
loan agreement or loan resolution consolidation is processed, unless
otherwise approved by the Agency.
Sec. Sec. 3560.411-3560.449 [Reserved]
Sec. 3560.450 OMB control number.
The information collection requirements contained in this
regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0189. Public
reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to
vary from 15 minutes to 18 hours per response, including time for
reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the
collection of information. A person is not required to respond to a
collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB
control number.
[[Page 69157]]
Subpart J--Special Servicing, Enforcement, Liquidation, and Other
Actions
Sec. 3560.451 General.
This subpart contains special servicing, enforcement, liquidation,
and other actions that the borrower may request or the Agency may
implement when compliance violations, monetary defaults, or non-
monetary defaults cannot be resolved through regular servicing.
(a) Agency obligations. The Agency is under no obligation to offer
or agree to any special servicing actions.
(b) Relationship to workout agreements. Special servicing actions
may be implemented either as a part of a workout agreement, developed
in accordance with Sec. 3560.453, or as an action approved by the
Agency separate from a workout agreement unless indicated otherwise in
this subpart.
Sec. 3560.452 Monetary and non-monetary defaults.
(a) General. Borrowers are in default when they have received a
compliance violation notice, issued in accordance with Sec. 3560.354,
and have failed to correct the compliance violation identified in the
compliance violation notice within the time period specified in the
notice. Compliance violations include, but are not limited to,
violations of promissory note provisions, loan or grant agreement
provisions, regulatory, or other Agency requirements, including
requirements imposed on a borrower through a workout agreement
developed in accordance with Sec. 3560.453.
(b) Monetary defaults. A monetary default exists when any amount
due to the Agency or a third party (such as real estate taxes and
insurance) under a promissory note, loan or grant agreement, workout
agreement, or other agreement remains due more than 30 days after the
due date.
(c) Nonmonetary defaults. A nonmonetary default exists when a
borrower fails to correct a compliance violation, other than a monetary
amount past due, within the time period specified in a compliance
violation notice issued in accordance with Sec. 3560.354. Nonmonetary
defaults include, but are not limited to, failure to:
(1) Operate and manage a housing project in accordance with the
Agency approved management plan or Agency requirements;
(2) Maintain the physical condition of a housing project in a
decent, safe, and sanitary manner and in accordance with Agency
requirements;
(3) Keep general operating expense, reserve, and other financial
accounts related to a housing project at required funding levels;
(4) Occupy rental units with eligible tenants, unless granted an
exception by the Agency;
(5) Charge correct rents or to correctly calculate net tenant
contributions, utility allowances, or rental assistance payments or to
properly administer the Agency rental assistance assigned to the
housing project;
(6) Submit required annual financial reports to the Agency within
time periods specified in Sec. 3560.308;
(7) Submit management plans, leases, occupancy rules, and other
required materials to the Agency in accordance with Agency
requirements; and,
(8) Comply with applicable Federal laws including laws related to
civil rights, fair housing, disabilities, and environmental conditions.
(d) Default notice. When borrowers are in default, the Agency will
notify borrowers, in writing, that they are in default. The default
notice will identify the compliance violation that led to the default,
will specify actions necessary to cure the default, and will establish
a date by which the default must be cured to preclude Agency initiation
of enforcement actions, liquidation, or other actions.
(e) Agency action. If a borrower fails to cure a default within the
time period specified in the default notice, the Agency may initiate
the enforcement actions described in Sec. 3560.461 or liquidation as
described in Sec. 3560.456. Also, Agency compliance violation notices
and related default notices may be referred to Federal, state, and
local agencies with jurisdictions related to the violations for
handling, in accordance with their requirements.
Sec. 3560.453 Workout agreements.
(a) General. (1) Prevention or resolution of compliance violations
or default cures are a borrower's responsibility.
(2) A borrower may develop and submit to the Agency for approval a
workout agreement that proposes actions to be taken over a period of
time to prevent or correct a compliance violation or to cure a monetary
or non-monetary default.
(3) A borrower developed workout agreement may propose, but is not
limited to, the following actions:
(i) A combination of one or more of the special servicing actions
outlined in Sec. Sec. 3560.454 and 3560.455;
(ii) A change in operations and management at a housing project; or
(iii) A commitment of additional financial resources to the housing
project with the amount and source of the additional resources to be
committed to the housing project specifically identified.
(b) Workout agreement approval. (1) The Agency is under no
obligation to approve a workout agreement as submitted by a borrower or
to act with forbearance when a housing project is in monetary or non-
monetary default.
(2) Borrower developed workout agreements may not be implemented
until the borrower receives written approval from the Agency.
(3) The Agency will only approve a workout agreement if the Agency
determines that the actions proposed are likely to prevent or correct
compliance violations or cure a default and approval is in the best
interest of the Federal Government and tenants.
(4) The Agency will only approve a workout agreement if the
proposed actions are consistent with the borrower's management plan. If
proposed actions are not consistent with the borrower's management
plan, applicable revisions to the borrower's management plan must be
made before approval of the workout agreement is given.
(c) Workout agreement required content. (1) Workout agreements
submitted to the Agency for approval must be in writing and signed by
the borrower. Workout agreements must describe proposed actions in
sufficient detail to demonstrate the likelihood of the actions to
prevent or correct compliance violations or cure defaults.
(2) At a minimum, workout agreements must include the following.
(i) The name and address of the housing project, project number,
borrower's tax identification number, and other information necessary
to identify the housing project.
(ii) A description of the potential or actual compliance violation
or default situation, including an explanation of related causes, such
as cash flow concerns, budget revisions, deferred maintenance,
vacancies, or violations of statutes.
(iii) A definition and description of the housing project's market
area, including information on housing availability, rents, and vacancy
rates in the market area.
(iv) A description of the proposed actions to prevent or correct
compliance violations or to cure defaults along with a date specific
schedule indicating when interim and final actions will be taken to
correct the compliance violation or cure the default.
(v) A description of financial and other resources necessary to
prevent or correct the compliance violation or cure
[[Page 69158]]
the default including an identification of the sources for such
resources.
(d) Workout agreement budgets. Budget revisions submitted as a part
of a workout agreement for a housing project experiencing cash flow
problems must prioritize cash disbursements in the following order:
(1) Prior lienholder, if any;
(2) Critical operating and maintenance expenses, including taxes
and insurance;
(3) Agency debt payments;
(4) Reserve account requirements; and
(5) Other authorized expenditures.
(e) Workout agreement terms and cancellation. (1) Workout
agreements shall be in effect for no longer than a 2-year time period,
beginning on the date of Agency approval. If an approved workout
agreement calls for actions that extend beyond a 2-year period,
borrowers must submit an updated and, if necessary, revised workout
agreement to the Agency for approval. The updated workout agreement
must be submitted to the Agency, 30 days prior to the expiration of the
workout agreement in effect.
(2) The Agency may cancel a workout agreement at any time if the
borrower fails to comply with the terms of the agreement. The Agency
will provide notice to the borrower upon cancellation of the workout
agreement.
Sec. 3560.454 Special servicing actions related to housing
operations.
(a) Changing rents or revising budgets. The Agency may approve a
borrower request for a rent change, rent incentives, or a revised
budget, at any time during a housing project's fiscal year.
(b) Occupancy waivers. If the Agency determines that a housing
project with high vacancies could be kept operationally and financially
viable by allowing the borrower to accept as tenants persons with
incomes above the income eligibility standards specified in Sec.
3560.152(a), the Agency, in writing, may grant the borrower an
occupancy waiver to allow such persons as tenants. Occupancy waivers
will be in effect only during the time period specified by the Agency
when the waiver is granted. In addition, borrowers must rent to all
eligible applicants on the housing projects waiting list prior to
accepting persons with incomes above the Agency standards as tenants.
(c) Additional rental assistance (RA). If the Agency determines
that a housing project with high vacancies could be kept operationally
and financially viable by increasing the amount of RA allocated to the
housing project, the Agency, subject to available funds, may offer the
housing project RA as a means of preventing or correcting a compliance
violation or curing a default.
(d) Special note rents. When a Plan II housing project is
experiencing severe vacancies due to market conditions, the Agency may
approve a rent less than the note rent to attract and keep tenants
whose incomes, according to the formula in Sec. 3560.203, would
require them to pay the note rent. The reduced rent is called a Special
Note Rent (SNR) and, as noted in Sec. 3560.210, approval of an SNR may
affect approvals of loan proposals submitted to the Agency for the
market area where the SNR is in effect.
(1) An SNR rent may only be requested as a part of a proposed
workout agreement and must include documentation of market conditions,
the housing project's vacancy rates, evidence of marketing efforts, and
other concerns necessitating the request for an SNR.
(2) Borrowers must forego the annual return to owner for each
housing project's fiscal year that an SNR is in effect for all or part
of a fiscal year at a housing project.
(3) SNR's may be increased, decreased, or terminated any time
during a housing project's fiscal year when market conditions, vacancy
rates, or other concerns that necessitated the SNR warrant a change.
(4) In addition to any state lease law requirements that might be
related to the implementation of an SNR, the borrower must notify each
tenant of any change in rents or utility allowances that result from
approval of an SNR, in accordance with Sec. 3560.205(c) and must
submit the appropriate budget changes to the Agency for approval.
(e) Termination of management agreement. If the Agency determines
that a compliance violation or loan default was caused, in full or in
part, by actions or inactions of the housing project's management
agent, the Agency will require the borrower to terminate the management
agreement with that agent, or in the case of a borrower managed housing
project, to enter an agreement with a third-party non-identity of
interest management agent, unless the borrower and the Agency agree on
a written plan to prevent reoccurrence of the violation. Housing
project funds may not be used to pay a management fee to a management
agent after the Agency has directed the borrower to terminate a
management agreement with that agent, except during an Agency approved
transition period.
Sec. 3560.455 Special servicing actions related to loan accounts.
(a) General. To prevent or correct a compliance violation or to
prevent or cure a default in a situation that cannot be resolved
through regular servicing, the Agency may approve a deferral of loan
payments or a loan restructuring. Nothing herein precludes the Agency
from initiating appropriate legal action to correct a compliance
violation if the Agency determines such action is more in the
Government's interest than entering into a special servicing agreement
as provided for in this section. Procedures for debt collection are
discussed in Sec. 3560.460. As part of a workout agreement, the Agency
may agree to accept less than full monthly payment installments due on
an Agency loan for a specified period of time, not to exceed the
effective period of the workout agreement.
(b) Loan reamortizations. A loan reamortization is a restructuring
of loan terms and conditions over a period of time that does not exceed
the remaining useful life of the housing project.
(1) Loan reamortizations will only be approved when they are in the
best interest of the Federal Government and tenants and when the
following conditions are met.
(i) The Agency determines that the borrower will be unable to meet
their obligations without a reduction in monthly payment installments;
and
(ii) The Agency is satisfied that the security, including the
potential income for debt service, will be adequate to protect the
Agency's interest over the term of the reamortization and that the
reamortization will not adversely affect the Federal Government's lien
priority.
(2) If the Agency approves a reamortization of a loan under this
section, it will be at the existing note rate, or the current interest
rate at the time of reamortization closing or approval, whichever is
less.
(3) Loan reamortization may be used to:
(i) Restructure loan repayments to prevent or correct a compliance
violation or cure a default caused by circumstances beyond the
borrower's control in situations where the borrower is otherwise in
compliance with Agency requirements;
(ii) Repay principal, outstanding interest, overage, and advances
made by the Agency for recoverable cost items when less than full
payments were authorized under the provisions of an Agency approved
workout agreement;
(iii) Restructure a borrower's loan payments in conjunction with an
incentive package developed in
[[Page 69159]]
accordance with Sec. 3560.656 to prevent prepayment of the loan;
(iv) Restructure an existing loan in conjunction with a subsequent
loan for rehabilitation; or
(v) Restructure remaining debt when a portion of the property
serving as loan security is sold and there is a need to reestablish the
financial stability of the housing project.
(c) Loan writedowns. A loan writedown is a reduction of a
borrower's debt approved by the Agency.
(1) Loan writedowns will only be approved when they are in the best
interest of the Federal Government and when the following conditions
exist:
(i) Sound management of the housing project is evident or sound
management practices are proposed for correction in accordance with an
Agency approved workout agreement; and
(ii) The housing project's financial stability is being affected by
conditions beyond the borrower's control, such as market weaknesses,
unforeseen site problems, or natural disasters.
(2) Prior to Agency approval for a loan writedown, the borrower
must obtain an appraisal of the housing project that concludes the ``
`as-is' market value,'' subject to restricted rents, conducted in
accordance with subpart P of this part. The Agency will not approve a
loan write-down unless the appraisal indicates the Federal Government's
interests are secured at the proposed writedown level.
(3) Any writedown will be conditioned on a finding that the
borrower does not have the ability to pay a higher loan payment, even
if the loan is reamortized.
(4) Loan writedowns may be used to allow for a loan transfer and
assumption for less than the total amount of outstanding debt.
Sec. 3560.456 Liquidation.
Prior to any servicing action which might lead to the acquisition
of real property by the Agency, the Agency must complete a due
diligence report to assess any potential contamination of the property
from hazardous substances, hazardous wastes, or petroleum products. The
borrower must cooperate with the Agency in the development of this
report.
(a) Before acceleration. Before accelerating a project loan, the
Agency will consider the possibility that the borrower is forcing an
acceleration to circumvent the prepayment process. If it is found that
this is the borrower's motivation, the Agency will consider
alternatives to acceleration, such as suing for specific performance
under loan and management documents.
(b) Acceleration. When a borrower is in monetary or non-monetary
default, the Agency will accelerate the loan unless the Agency decides
other enforcement measures are more appropriate.
(1) If the borrower does not pay the full account balance and meet
the other terms of the acceleration notice within the time period set
forth in the acceleration notice, the Agency will foreclose or acquire
the security property through deed in lieu of foreclosure.
(2) The Agency will suspend interest credit and rental assistance.
(3) The Agency will not accept partial payment of an accelerated
loan unless required by state law.
(c) Voluntary liquidation. After acceleration, borrowers may
voluntarily liquidate through either of the following mechanisms:
(1) Deed in lieu of foreclosure. RHS may accept a deed in lieu of
foreclosure to convey title to the security property only after the
debt has been accelerated and when it is in the Government's best
interest.
(2) Offer by third party. If a junior lienholder or cosigner makes
an offer in the amount of at least the net recovery value, RHS may
assign the note and mortgage after all appeal rights have expired.
(d) Foreclosure. (1) The Agency will initiate foreclosure when a
borrower is in monetary or non-monetary default and foreclosure is in
the best interest of the Federal Government.
(2) When a junior lienholder foreclosure does not result in payment
in full of the Agency debt but the property is sold subject to the
Agency lien, the Agency will liquidate the account.
(e) Acquisition of chattel properties. (1) The Agency will accept
voluntary conveyance of chattel property only when the borrower can
convey ownership free of other liens and the Agency has agreed to
release the borrower from further liability on the account.
(2) If the Agency decides to accept an offer of voluntary
conveyance of chattel property, the borrower must provide an itemized
listing of each chattel property item being conveyed and provide title
to vehicles or other equipment, where applicable.
Sec. 3560.457 Negotiated debt settlement.
(a) Borrower proposals to settle debt. A borrower who cannot pay
the full amount of loan payments may propose an offer to settle an
outstanding debt for less than the full amount of that debt. The Agency
may approve a negotiated debt settlement only in cases where a default
is evident and doing so is in the best interest of the Federal
Government and tenants.
(b) Required information. Borrowers requesting debt settlement must
submit complete and accurate information from which a full
determination of financial condition can be made. Debt settlement
offers will not be approved by the Agency unless the financial
information submitted by the borrower indicates that the borrower will
be able to make the debt settlement payments as proposed.
(c) Effective date of approval. Debt settlement offers will not be
accepted until the borrower receives written approval from the Agency.
(d) Appraisal requirement. No debt settlement offer will be
accepted for less than the net recovery value of the security as
determined by a licensed appraiser or other qualified official, and
concurred in by the Agency's qualified appraisal review official or
other qualified official.
(e) Disposition of security prior to offer. Borrowers are not
required to dispose of security prior to making a debt settlement
offer. However, if a borrower has disposed of security prior to making
a debt settlement offer, the proceeds from the disposed security must
be applied to the borrower's account prior to any negotiations on the
debt settlement offer.
(f) Final release condition. Upon full payment of the approved debt
settlement, the Agency will release the borrower from liability.
Sec. 3560.458 Special property circumstances.
(a) Abandonment. When the Agency determines that a borrower has
abandoned security for a loan under this part, the Agency will take the
steps necessary to protect the Federal Government's interest in the
security. Costs associated with managing abandoned property are the
responsibility of the borrower and will be charged to the borrower's
account until liquidation is completed.
(b) Other security. The Agency will service security such as
collateral assignments, assignments of rents, Housing Assistance
Payments Contracts, and notices of lienholder interest according to
acceptable practices in the respective states.
(c) Taking of additional security to protect Agency interests. The
Agency may require borrowers to provide additional security in the form
of real estate, cash reserves, letters of credit, or other security
when needed to improve the chances that the Agency will not suffer a
loss, and when:
[[Page 69160]]
(1) The account is in default; or
(2) The property has not been properly managed or maintained.
(d) Due diligence. When the Agency has completed an environmental
review in accordance with 7 CFR part 1940, subpart G, and decides not
to acquire security property through liquidation action or chooses to
abandon its security interest in real property, whether due in whole or
in part, to the presence of contamination from hazardous substances,
hazardous wastes, or petroleum products, the Agency will provide the
appropriate environmental authorities with a copy of its due diligence
report.
Sec. 3560.459 Special borrower circumstances.
(a) Deceased borrower, bankruptcy, insolvency, and divorce actions.
The Agency will address borrower accounts affected by special
circumstances such as death, bankruptcy, insolvency, and divorce on a
case-by-case basis. The Agency will make servicing decisions in such
cases on the basis of best interest to the Federal Government and
tenants. The Agency will bring a legal action to establish the legal
capacity of the borrower to administer the project if found necessary
to protect the government's interests. In order for the Agency to make
servicing decisions in such cases, the borrower or the borrower's
representative will provide to the Agency:
(1) On the part of the heirs or executor of the borrower's estate,
evidence of legal action due to a will or court actions that establish
who is to become the owner;
(2) The financial status of the borrower and any member pledging
additional security for the debt;
(3) The status of the security property; and
(4) The impact of the identified actions on the operation of the
project.
(b) Membership liability agreements. If a borrower's note is
endorsed by individuals other than the borrower or a borrower has
security agreements with members of the organization for the purchase
of shares of stock or for the payment of a pro rata share of the loan
in the event of default, or has individual liability agreements, which
are usually assigned to and held by the Agency as additional security
for the loan, the security and liability agreements must be adequate to
protect the Agency's interest.
(c) Security issues in participation loans. When a multi-family
housing (MFH) project is receiving financing or a subsidy from sources
other than the Agency, the Agency will service the account in
accordance with the participation agreements made with the Agency and
the other funding sources under Sec. 3560.65.
Sec. 3560.460 Double damages.
(a) Action to recover assets or income. (1) The Agency may request
to the Attorney General to bring an action in a United States district
court to recover any assets or income used by any person in violation
of the provisions of a loan made by the Agency under this section or in
violation of any applicable statute or regulation.
(2) For the purposes of this section, a use of assets or income in
violation of the applicable loan, statute, or regulation includes any
use for which the documentation in the books and accounts does not
establish that the use was made for a reasonable operating expense or
necessary repair of the project or for which the documentation has not
been maintained in accordance with the requirements of the Agency and
in reasonable condition for proper audit.
(3) For the purposes of this section, the term ``person'' means:
(i) Any individual or entity that borrows funds in accordance with
programs authorized by this section;
(ii) Any individual or entity holding 25 percent or more interest
in any entity that the Agency funds in accordance with programs
authorized by this section; and
(iii) Any officer, director, or partner of an entity that borrows
funds in accordance with programs authorized by this section.
(b) Amount recoverable. (1) In any judgment favorable to the United
States entered under this section, the Attorney General may recover
double the value of the assets and income of the project that the court
determines to have been used in violation of the provisions of a loan
made by the Agency under this section or any applicable statute or
regulation, plus all costs related to the actions, including reasonable
attorney and auditing fees.
(2) Notwithstanding any other provisions of law, the Agency may use
amounts recovered under this section for activities authorized under
this section and such funds must remain available for such use until
expended.
(c) Time limitation. Notwithstanding any other provisions of law,
an action under this section may be commenced at any time during the
six-year period beginning on the date that the Agency discovered or
should have discovered the violation of the provisions of this section
or any related statutes or regulations.
(d) Continued availability of other remedies. The remedy provided
in this section is in addition to and not in substitution of any other
remedies available to the Agency or the United States.
Sec. 3560.461 Enforcement provisions.
(a) Equity skimming. (1) Criminal penalty. Whoever, as an owner,
agent, employee, or manager, or is otherwise in custody, control, or
possession of property that is security for a loan made under this
title, willfully uses, or authorizes the use, of any part of the rents,
assets, proceeds, income, or other funds derived from such property,
for any purpose other than to meet actual, reasonable, and necessary
expenses of the property, or for any other purpose not authorized by
this title or the regulations adopted pursuant to this title, must be
fined under title 18, United States Code, or imprisoned not more than
five years, or both.
(2) Civil sanctions. An entity or individual who as an owner,
operator, employee, or manager, or who acts as an agency for a property
that is security for a loan made under this title where any part of the
rents, assets, proceeds, income, or other funds derived from such
property are used for any purpose other than to meet actual,
reasonable, and necessary expenses of the property, or for any other
purpose not authorized by this title of the regulations adopted
pursuant to this title, must be subject to a fine of not more than
$25,000 per violation. The sanctions provided in this paragraph may be
imposed in addition to any other civil sanctions or civil monetary
penalties authorized by law.
(b) Civil monetary penalties. (1) When civil monetary penalties may
be imposed. The Agency may, after notice and opportunity for a hearing,
impose a civil monetary penalty in accordance with this section against
any individual or entity, including its owners, officers, general
partners, limited partners, or employees, who knowingly and materially
violate, or participate in the violation of, the provisions of this
title, the regulation issued by the Agency pursuant to this title, or
agreements made in accordance to this title by:
(i) Submitting information to the Agency that is false.
(ii) Providing the Agency with false certifications.
(iii) Failing to submit information requested by the Agency in a
timely manner.
(iv) Failing to maintain the property subject to loans made under
this title in good repair and condition, as determined by the Agency.
[[Page 69161]]
(v) Failing to provide management for a project that received a
loan made under this title that is acceptable to the Agency.
(vi) Failing to comply with the provisions of applicable civil
rights statutes and regulations.
(2) Amount. (i) The amount of a civil penalty imposed under this
section must not exceed the greater of twice the damages the Agency or
the project that is secured for a loan under this section suffered or
would have suffered as a result of the violation, or $50,000 per
violation.
(ii) Determination. In determining the amount of a civil monetary
penalty under this section, the Agency must take into consideration:
(A) The gravity of the offense;
(B) Any history of prior offenses by the violator (including
offenses occurring prior to the enactment of this section);
(C) Any injury to tenants;
(D) Any injury to the public;
(E) Any benefits received by the violator as a result of the
violation;
(F) Deterrence of future violations; and
(G) Such other factors as the Agency may establish by regulation.
(3) Payment of penalties. No payment of a penalty assessed under
this section may be made from funds provided under this title or from
funds of a project which serve as security for a loan made under this
title.
(4) Remedies for noncompliance. (i) Judicial intervention. If a
person or entity fails to comply with a final determination by the
Agency imposing a civil monetary penalty, the Agency may request the
Attorney General of the United States to bring an action in an
appropriate district court to obtain a monetary judgment against such
an individual or entity and such other relief as may be available. The
monetary judgment may, in the court's discretion, include attorney's
fees and other expenses incurred by the United States in connection
with the action.
(ii) Reviewability of determination. In an action under this
paragraph, the validity and appropriateness of a determination by the
Agency imposing the penalty must not be subject to review.
(c) Conditions for renewal extension. The Agency may require that
expiring loan or assistance agreements entered into under this title
must not be renewed or extended unless the owner executes an agreement
to comply with additional conditions prescribed by the Agency, or
executes a new loan or assistance agreement in the form prescribed by
the Agency.
Sec. 3560.462 Money laundering.
The Agency will act in accordance with U.S. Code Title 18, part I,
chapter 95, section 1956(c)(7)(D).
Sec. 3560.463 Obstruction of Federal audits.
The Agency will act in accordance with U.S. Code Title 18, part I,
chapter 73, section 1516(a).
Sec. Sec. 3560.464-3560.499 [Reserved]
Sec. 3560.500 OMB control number.
The information collection requirements contained in this
regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0189. Public
reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to
vary from 15 minutes to 18 hours per response, including time for
reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the
collection of information. A person is not required to respond to a
collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB
control number.
Subpart K--Management and Disposition of Real Estate Owned (REO)
Properties
Sec. 3560.501 General.
This subpart contains Agency procedures and other policies related
to the management and disposition of multi-family housing (MFH)
projects in the Agency's inventory (Real Estate Owned (REO) property).
Housing projects will not be accepted into the Agency's inventory
unless one of the following has occurred:
(a) The borrower has abandoned the housing project and the Agency
has performed the required steps to take the housing project into
custody.
(b) The housing project title has been transferred to the Agency as
a result of foreclosure, voluntary conveyance, redemption, or other
action.
Sec. 3560.502 Tenant notifications and assistance.
Each tenant in an REO property designated to be sold as a non-
program property will be notified by the Agency, in writing, of the
housing projects' non-program designation and will be given an
opportunity to obtain a Letter Of Priority Entitlement (LOPE) as
specified in Sec. 3560.159(c).
Sec. 3560.503 Disposition of REO property.
(a) Preference will be given to offers from bidders who are
determined eligible by the Agency to purchase REO property designated
to be sold as program property. It is the Agency's priority that
property previously operated as program property prior to becoming REO
inventory property be sold as program property. However, REO property
may be sold under whatever Agency program is most appropriate for the
property and the community needs regardless of the program under which
the property was originally financed or whether the property was being
used to secure loans under more than one Agency program.
(b) When the Agency determines that the REO property to be sold is
not decent, safe, and sanitary and/or does not meet cost effective
energy conservation standards, it will disclose the basis for this
determination to prospective purchasers. The deed by which such an REO
property is conveyed will contain a covenant restricting it from
residential use until it is decent, safe, and sanitary, and meets the
Agency's cost effective conservation standards. The Agency will also
notify any potential purchaser of any known lead based paint hazards.
Sec. 3560.504 Sales price and bidding process.
(a) The loan documents related to REO property sold for program
purposes must contain the restrictive-use language specified in Sec.
3560.662(a).
(b) Entities bidding on REO property designated to be sold as
program property must submit a loan application package that meets the
requirements specified in subpart B of this part.
(1) Bidders on REO property designated to be sold as program
property must meet the eligibility requirements established under Sec.
3560.55.
(2) Bidders determined by the Agency to be ineligible to purchase
REO property designated to be sold as program property will be notified
in writing. The bidding process will continue regardless of pending
appeals.
(3) All offers from bidders determined to be eligible to purchase
REO property designated to be sold as program property will be
considered in the bidding process and must provide evidence of
financial stability and credit worthiness.
(c) The Agency will determine the successful bidder on REO property
designated to be sold as program property by conducting a drawing of
sealed bids.
(1) The Agency may authorize the sale of an REO property by sealed
bid or public auction when it is in the best interest of the
Government. The Agency will publicly solicit requests for sealed
[[Page 69162]]
bids and publicize auctions. If the highest bid is lower than the
minimum acceptable bid established by the Agency, or if no acceptable
bids are received, the Agency may negotiate a sale without further
public notice.
(2) Bidders who desire to withdraw their bids must do so prior to
the drawing date.
(d) Property designated to be sold as non-program property may be
sold to entities that do not meet the Agency's eligible borrower
requirements specified in Sec. 3560.55, and must be sold for cash or
on terms approved by the Agency. Cash sales will be given first
preference and will be drawn before any sales on terms.
Sec. 3560.505 Agency loans to finance purchases of REO properties.
(a) Agency loans to finance the purchase of REO property designated
to be sold as program property must meet the same requirements as
specified in subparts A and B of this part. In addition, the following
provisions apply.
(1) At the borrower's option, the interest rate will be the
prevailing rate at the time of loan approval or the prevailing rate at
loan closing.
(2) Purchasers may pay closing costs from their own funds or, if
allowable under subparts B, L, or M of this part, as applicable, may
finance such costs as part of the Agency loan.
(b) Agency loans to finance the purchase of REO property designated
to be sold as non-program property must meet the following terms.
(1) A down payment of not less than 10 percent of the purchase
price is required at closing.
(2) The interest rate will equal the lesser of the prevailing
interest rate at the time of loan approval or loan closing for MFH
loans plus one-half percent.
(3) The note amount will be amortized over a period not to exceed
10 years. If the Agency determines that more favorable terms are
necessary to facilitate the sale, the note amount may be amortized
using a 30-year factor with payment in full due no later than 10 years
from the date of closing (balloon payment). In no case will the term be
longer than the useful life of the property.
(4) Agency loans to finance the purchase of non-program REO
property are subject to the availability of funds.
(c) Loan limits and allowable uses of loan funds specified in
subparts B, L, and M of this part, as applicable, are applicable to any
Agency-financed (credit) sale of REO property.
(d) Title clearance and loan closing for an Agency financed sale
and any subsequent loan to be closed simultaneously with the sale must
meet the requirements in subpart B of this part for an initial loan,
with the following exceptions:
(1) A ``Quit Claim'' or other non-warranty deed will be used; and
(2) The buyer must pay attorney's fees, insurance costs, recording
fees and other customary fees unless they are included in a subsequent
loan and the subsequent loan is for purposes other than closing costs
and fees.
(e) After approval of an Agency-financed sale of occupied REO
property designated to be sold as program property, but prior to
closing, the purchaser must prepare a budget for housing operations in
accordance with subpart B of this part. If a rent increase is
necessary, procedures specified in subparts E and F of this part for
calculating rents, net tenant contributions, and rental assistance will
be followed by the borrower.
Sec. 3560.506 Conversion of single family type REO property to MFH
use.
Single family type REO property may be sold for conversion to MFH
program use under the following conditions:
(a) The Agency will allow nonprofit organizations, public bodies,
or for-profit entities to purchase single family type REO property for
conversion to MFH program use. When the Agency finances the sale of
single family-type REO property for conversion to rural rental housing
program use (i.e., MFH including group homes and homes for the elderly
or disabled, farm labor housing, or rural cooperative housing), the
sale price will be the lesser of the Federal Government's investment or
an amount based on the ``as-is'' market value of the housing project as
determined by an appraisal conducted in accordance with subpart P of
this part.
(b) The Agency will only accept written offers to purchase two or
more single family type REO properties for conversion to rural rental
housing from nonprofit organizations, public bodies, or for-profit
entities with a good record of providing housing under the Agency's MFH
programs. The single family type properties are not required to be
contiguous, however, they must be located in close enough proximity so
that management capabilities are not diminished because of distance.
Sec. Sec. 3560.507-3560.549 [Reserved]
Sec. 3560.550 OMB control number.
The information collection requirements contained in this
regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0189. Public
reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to
vary from 15 minutes to 18 hours per response, including time for
reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the
collection of information. A person is not required to respond to a
collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB
control number.
Subpart L--Off-Farm Labor Housing
Sec. 3560.551 General.
This subpart establishes the requirements for making loans and
grants for off-farm labor housing and for ongoing operations of this
housing. Unless otherwise specified in this subpart, the requirements
of subparts A through K, N, O, and P of this part will apply in
addition to the requirements in this subpart.
Sec. 3560.552 Program objectives.
(a) In addition to the objectives stated in Sec. 3560.52, off-farm
labor housing loan and grant funds will be used to increase:
(1) The supply of affordable housing for farm labor; and
(2) The ability of communities to attract farm labor by providing
housing which is affordable, decent, safe and sanitary.
(b) Under section 516(i) of the Housing Act of 1949 (42 U.S.C.
1486(i)), the Agency may award technical assistance grants to encourage
the development of farm labor housing.
Sec. 3560.553 Loan and grant purposes.
(a) In addition to the purposes stated in Sec. 3560.53, off-farm
labor housing loan and grant funds may be used to provide facilities
for seasonal or temporary residential use with appropriate furnishings
and equipment. A temporary residence is a dwelling which is used for
occupancy, usually for a short period of time, but is not the legal
domicile for the occupant.
(b) The Agency may award technical assistance grants to eligible
private and public nonprofit agencies. These grant recipients will, in
turn, assist other organizations to obtain loans and grants for the
construction of farm labor housing.
(c) Technical assistance services may not be used to reimburse a
nonprofit or public body applicant for technical services provided by a
nonprofit organization, with housing and/or community development
experience, to assist the nonprofit applicant entity in
[[Page 69163]]
the development and packaging of its loan/grant docket and project. In
addition, technical assistance will not be funded by the Agency when an
identity of interest exists between the technical assistance provider
and the loan or grant applicant.
Sec. 3560.554 Use of funds restrictions.
Off-farm labor housing loan and grant funds may not be used for any
purpose prohibited by Sec. 3560.54 except Sec. 3560.54(a)(1). Off-
farm labor housing may be used to serve migrant farmworkers.
Sec. 3560.555 Eligibility requirements for off-farm labor housing
loans and grants.
(a) Eligibility for loans. Applicants for off-farm labor housing
loans must be:
(1) A broad-based nonprofit organization, a nonprofit organization
of farmworkers, a federally recognized Indian tribe, a community
organization, or an agency or political subdivision of State or local
government, and must meet the requirements of Sec. 3560.55, excluding
Sec. 3560.55(a)(6). A broad-based nonprofit organization is a
nonprofit organization that has a membership that reflects a variety of
interests in the area where the housing will be located; or
(2) A limited partnership with a non-profit general partner which
meets the requirements of Sec. 3560.55(d).
(b) Eligibility for grants. To be eligible for off-farm labor
housing grants, applicants must:
(1) Meet the requirements in Sec. 3560.555(a)(1); and
(2) Be able to contribute at least one-tenth of the total farm
labor housing development cost from its own or other resources. The
applicant's contribution must be available at the time of grant
closing. An off-farm labor housing loan financed by RHS may be used to
meet this requirement.
(c) Limitation. Limited partnerships eligible under paragraph
(a)(2) of this section are not eligible for farm labor housing grants.
Sec. 3560.556 Application requirements and processing.
Off-farm loans and grants will be available under a Notice of
Funding Availability (NOFA) that will be published in the Federal
Register each fiscal year.
Sec. 3560.557 [Reserved]
Sec. 3560.558 Site requirements.
The requirements established in Sec. 3560.58 apply to all
applications for off-farm labor housing loans and grants except that
off-farm labor housing are not limited to rural areas.
Sec. 3560.559 Design and construction requirements.
(a) General. The requirements established in Sec. 3560.60 apply to
all applications for off-farm labor housing loans and grants except
that seasonal off-farm labor housing that will be occupied for eight
months or less per year by migrant farmworkers while they are away from
their residence, may be constructed in accordance with Exhibit I of 7
CFR part 1924, subpart A.
(b) Additional requirements. In addition to the requirements
established in Sec. 3560.60, it is encouraged that the design of off-
farm labor housing incorporate outdoor shower, boot washing station,
and/or hose bibb facilities as necessary to protect the resident and
the asset from excess dirt and chemical exposure.
(c) Davis-Bacon wage requirements. Construction financed with the
assistance of a Section 516 grant will be subject to the provisions of
the Davis-Bacon Act (40 U.S.C. 276(a)-276(a)(7)), and the implementing
regulations published by the Department of Labor at 29 CFR parts 1, 3,
and 5.
Sec. 3560.560 Security.
The security requirements established in Sec. 3560.61 will apply
to all applications for off-farm labor housing loans.
Sec. 3560.561 Technical, legal, insurance and other services.
The requirements established under Sec. 3560.62 apply to all
applications for off-farm labor housing loans and grants.
Sec. 3560.562 Loan and grant limits.
(a) Determining the security value. The requirements established
under Sec. 3560.63(a) apply to off-farm labor housing loans.
(b) Maximum amount of loan. The requirements established in Sec.
3560.63(c)(1) and (2), regarding borrower equity contribution apply to
all applications for off-farm labor housing loans. (For applicants
eligible under Sec. 3560.555(a)(2), the amount of Agency financing for
the housing will not exceed 95 percent of the total development cost or
95 percent of the security value available for the Agency loan,
whichever is lower.) In determining the amount of the loan, the Agency
will also review the capacity of the applicant to amortize such loan,
considering any rental assistance provided for use in the housing, and
any rents anticipated to be paid by farmworkers expected to occupy the
housing.
(c) Maximum amount of grant. The amount of any off-farm labor
housing grant must not exceed the lesser of:
(1) Ninety percent of the total development cost, or
(2) That portion of the total development cost which exceeds the
sum of any amount provided by the applicant from their own resources
plus the amount of any loans approved for the applicant, considering
the capacity of the applicant to amortize the loan.
Sec. 3560.563 Initial operating capital.
The requirements for Sec. 3560.64 apply to all applications for
off-farm labor housing loans and grants.
Sec. 3560.564 Reserve accounts.
The requirements for Sec. 3560.65 apply to all applications for
off-farm labor housing loans and grants.
Sec. 3560.565 Participation with other funding or financing sources.
The requirements established in Sec. 3560.66 apply to all
applications for off-farm labor housing loans and grants, except that
the 25 percent requirements stated in paragraph Sec. 3560.66(b)(1) may
consist of loan and/or grant funds.
Sec. 3560.566 Loan and grant rates and terms.
(a) Amortization period. The loan will be amortized over a period
not to exceed 33 years. The amortization schedule will take into
account the depreciation of the security and ensure that the loan will
be adequately secured.
(b) Interest rate. The effective interest rate will be 1 percent.
(c) Term of grant agreement. The grant agreement will remain in
effect for so long as there is a need for farm labor housing..
Sec. 3560.567 Establishing the profit base on initial investment.
The requirements established under Sec. 3560.68 apply to
applicants eligible under Sec. 3560.555(a)(2) and operating as a
limited partnership with a nonprofit general partner.
Sec. 3560.568 Supplemental requirements for seasonal off-farm labor
housing.
For off-farm labor housing operating on a seasonal basis, the
management plan must establish specific opening and closing dates.
During the off-season, off-farm labor housing may be used as defined in
subpart A of this part under short-term lease provisions. Where rents
are charged on a per-unit basis and family income qualifies the
household for rental assistance, rental assistance may be used.
Sec. 3560.569 Supplemental requirements for manufactured housing.
The requirements established in Sec. 3560.70 apply to all
applications for off-farm labor housing loans and grants.
[[Page 69164]]
Sec. 3560.570 Construction financing.
The requirements established in Sec. 3560.71 apply to all
applications involving off-farm labor housing loans and grants. In
addition, the following requirements apply.
(a) Equity contributions being made by a borrower or grantee must
be contributed and disbursed prior to any disbursement of interim loan
funds and any loan or grant funds from the Agency.
(b) If the Agency is providing both loan and grant funds, loan
funds must be fully released and expended prior to the release of grant
funds by the Agency.
(c) If construction is financed with a Labor Housing grant, it is
subject to the provisions of the Davis-Bacon Act (published in the
Department of Labor regulations 29 CFR parts 1, 2, and 5).
Sec. 3560.571 Loan and grant closing.
The requirements established in Sec. 3560.72 apply to all
applications for off-farm labor housing loans and grants. In addition,
the following requirements apply.
(a) A nonprofit organization will have its Board of Directors adopt
an Agency-approved loan and/or grant resolution, which is required as
part of the loan docket before loan and/or grant approval. All other
loan applicants will execute an Agency-approved loan agreement.
(b) For grants, an Agency approved grant agreement, must be
executed by the applicant on the date of grant closing.
(c) The obligations incurred by the applicant, as a condition of
accepting the grant, will be in accordance with the off-farm labor
housing grant agreement.
(d) Off-farm labor housing loans used to build or acquire new units
made pursuant to a contract entered into on or after the effective date
of this regulation, will be subject to the restrictive-use provision
stated in Sec. 3560.72(a)(2)(ii). All other off-farm labor housing
loans are subject to the restrictive-use provisions contained in their
loan documents and as outlined in subpart N of this regulation. Such
restrictions must be included in the mortgage and deed of trust.
Sec. 3560.572 Subsequent loans.
The requirements established in Sec. 3560.73 will apply to all
applications for subsequent off-farm labor housing loans.
Sec. 3560.573 Rental assistance.
(a) Rental assistance may be provided to income eligible tenants
living in off-farm labor housing in accordance with subpart F of this
part. The requirements established in Sec. 3560.252 apply to all
tenants receiving rental assistance.
(b) For dormitory style facilities operating on a per bed basis,
rental assistance will be made available to the housing on a per unit
basis, but may be pro-rated to tenants on a per bed basis. However,
total rent charged for a unit must not exceed conventional rent for
comparable units in the area or a similar area and per bed rents must
be comparable to per bed rents in the market.
Sec. 3560.574 Operating assistance.
Operating assistance may be used in lieu of tenant-specific rental
assistance in off-farm labor housing projects financed under section
514 or section 516(i) of the Housing Act of 1949 (U.S.C. 1486(i)) that
serve migrant farmworkers. Owners of eligible projects may choose
tenant-specific rental assistance as described in Sec. 3560.573 or
operating assistance, or a combination of both, however, any tenant or
unit assisted under this section may not receive rental assistance
under Sec. 3560.572. The objective of this program is to provide
assistance toward the cost of operating the project so that rents may
be set at rates that are affordable to very low and low-income migrant
farmworkers.
(a) Project eligibility requirements. To be eligible for the
operating assistance program, projects must be:
(1) Off-farm labor housing projects financed under section 514 or
section 516 with units that are for migrant farmworkers. Housing units
for year-round farmworker households are ineligible; and
(2) Eligible for the Agency's rental assistance program as defined
in Sec. 3560.573.
(b) Operating assistance limits. The amount of operating assistance
requested by the owner must be based on the project's actual income and
expenses and must be approved by the Agency. In the case of a mixed
project, the amount of operating assistance must be based on the
portion of actual income and expenses that are attributable to the
units that are for migrant farmworkers. In no instance may the annual
amount of operating assistance exceed 90 percent of the annual
operating costs that are attributable to the migrant units.
(c) Owner responsibilities. (1) Requesting for operating assistance
program. Owners of off-farm labor housing projects with units for
migrant farmworkers may request operating assistance by submitting a
request to the Agency, which must include a budget. The budget must
include:
(i) Estimated operating costs for the migrant units, including
authorized expenditures such as reserve deposits;
(ii) Proposed rental rates for the migrant units to generate
sufficient funds for operating costs of those units, taking into
consideration all other sources of project income; and
(iii) Estimated rental income from tenants, based on a tenant
contribution of 30 percent of the average adjusted monthly income of
migrant farmworker households in the area.
(2) Requesting operating assistance payments. Each month, the owner
will submit a request for operating assistance to the Agency.
(3) Verifying tenant income eligibility. Owners are responsible for
verifying tenant income eligibility. Only very low or low-income
households are eligible for the operating assistance rents. Households
with incomes above the low-income limits must pay the full rent.
(4) Reporting requirements. (i) Owners will complete and submit to
the Agency tenant certifications to document tenant income and
eligibility.
(ii) Owners will complete and submit monthly to the Agency a
project worksheet for operating assistance.
(iii) Owners must submit an annual planning budget to the Agency
prior to the project's fiscal year.
Sec. 3560.575 Rental structure and changes.
Off-farm labor housing is subject to the tenant contribution and
rental unit rent requirements for Plan II housing established under
subpart E of this part, except where seasonal housing will be occupied
for less than a 3-month period. In such instances the best available
and practical income verification methods may be used with prior
approval of the Agency.
Sec. 3560.576 Occupancy restrictions.
(a) Restrictions on conditions of occupancy. (1) No borrower or
grantee will be permitted to require that an occupant work on any
particular farm or for any particular owner or interest as a condition
of occupancy of the housing.
(2) Tenant selection should be in accordance with the loan
agreement, subpart D of this part and Sec. 3560.577.
(3) No borrower or grantee will discriminate, or permit
discrimination by any agent, lessee, or other operator in the use or
occupancy of the housing or related facilities because of race, color,
religion, sex, age, disability, familial status, or national origin.
(b) Eligible households. To be eligible for occupancy in off-farm
labor housing, households must meet the following requirements.
[[Page 69165]]
(1) Occupational. An eligible household must include a domestic
tenant or co-tenant farm laborer, a retired domestic farm laborer, or a
disabled domestic farm laborer.
(2) Income. The household must meet the definition of income
eligible as established in Sec. 3560.152 and the tenant or co-tenant
must receive a substantial portion of income from farm labor
employment. To determine if a substantial portion of income is from
farm labor employment, the following measures will be used.
(i) For housing rented to farm laborers and owned by public bodies,
public or private nonprofit organizations, and limited partnerships
when charging rent.
(A) Actual dollars earned from farm labor by domestic farm laborers
other than migrant farmworkers must equal at least 65 percent of the
annual income limits indicated for the Standard Federal regions as
published by the Agency for their particular region of the country. For
migrant farmworkers living in seasonal housing the actual dollars
earned from farm labor by a domestic farm laborer must equal at least
50 percent of annual income limits indicated for the Standard Federal
regions, as published by the Agency.
(B) An alternate measure for determining substantial portion of
income when actual earnings are not available may be the duration of
time a farm laborer worked on a farm or other farming enterprise as a
domestic farmworker during the preceding 12 months. In order to be
considered as substantial the farm laborer must have worked at least
110 whole days in farm work. For purposes of this section one whole day
is the equivalent of at least 7 hours. When using a period of more than
1 year, a yearly average must amount to at least 110 days per year.
(ii) For housing owned by a farmer, family-farm partnership,
family-farm corporation, or an association of farmers which was
initially provided on a non-rental basis, a substantial portion of
income is earned when housing is provided by the owner as part of
employment compensation for farm labor.
(iii) When a natural disaster has occurred, such as a drought,
flood, freeze, etc., figures for the 12 months preceding such disaster
will be used to determine substantial portion of income under paragraph
(b)(2) of this section.
(iv) The tenant who qualifies as a domestic farm laborer residing
in a property with a nonrestrictive farm labor clause in the mortgage
covenants must not have adjusted income which exceeds the moderate
income limit for the appropriate household size and appropriate
geographical area.
(3) Occupancy. The household must remain in compliance with the
borrower's occupancy policy as established in Sec. 3560.155.
(c) Tenant eligibility requirements for operating assistance rents.
To be eligible for operating assistance rents, tenants must meet the
rental assistance eligibility requirements described in Sec. 3560.573
and in Sec. 3560.252.
(d) Ineligible tenants. Tenants who, at any time, fail to meet all
the requirements in paragraph (b) of this section will be deemed
ineligible for occupancy in off-farm labor housing. Ineligible tenants
in off-farm labor housing will be addressed in accordance with the
requirements of Sec. 3560.158.
(e) Non-farm laborer tenants. When there is a diminished need for
housing for persons or families in the above categories, units in off-
farm labor housing complexes may be made available to persons or
families eligible for occupancy under Sec. 3560.152. Eligible tenants
under this section may occupy the labor housing until such time the
units are again needed by persons or families eligible under paragraph
(b) of this section. As the basis for Agency approval or disapproval of
the borrower's determination of diminished need, the borrower must
submit a current analysis of need and demand to the Agency, identical
to the market analysis that is required of loan applicants in the loan
origination process. The borrower's determination and the State
Director's recommendation should be forwarded to the National Office
for concurrence. The procedures specified in Sec. 3560.158 shall be
followed when tenants are required to vacate housing to allow for
occupancy by persons eligible under paragraph (b) of this section.
Sec. 3560.577 Tenant priorities for labor housing.
Tenant occupancy in off-farm labor housing is based on eligible
farm labor certified through the income certification process required
by Sec. 3560.152 and is prioritized in the following order.
(a) First priority is to be given to eligible active farm laborer
households with first priority going to very low-income households,
next priority to low-income households, and last to moderate-income
households.
(b) Second priority is given to retired domestic farm laborer
households and disabled domestic farm laborer households who were
active in the local farm labor market area at the time of retiring or
becoming disabled. Occupancy priority will be given in accordance with
paragraph (a) of this section.
(c) Third priority is to be given to retired domestic farm laborer
households and disabled domestic farm laborer households who were not
active in the local farm labor market at the time of retiring or
becoming disabled. Occupancy priority will be given in accordance with
paragraph (a) of this section.
Sec. 3560.578 Financial management of labor housing.
The requirements established in subpart G of this part will apply
to all off-farm labor housing.
Sec. 3560.579 Servicing off-farm labor housing.
The requirements established in subparts I and J of this part will
apply to all off-farm labor housing. Servicing according to subparts I
and J of this part shall apply throughout the term of the loan or
grant, whichever is longer.
Sec. Sec. 3560.580-3560.599 [Reserved]
Sec. 3560.600 OMB control number.
The information collection requirements contained in this
regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0189. Public
reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to
vary from 15 minutes to 18 hours per response, including time for
reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the
collection of information. A person is not required to respond to a
collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB
control number.
Subpart M--On-Farm Labor Housing
Sec. 3560.601 General.
This subpart contains the requirements for making loans for on-farm
labor housing and for ongoing operation and management of on-farm labor
housing. Unless otherwise specified in this subpart, the requirements
of subparts A through K, N, O, and P of this part will apply in
addition to requirements given in this subpart.
Sec. 3560.602 Program objectives.
In addition to the objectives stated in Sec. 3560.52, on-farm
labor housing funds will be used to increase:
(a) The supply of affordable housing for farm labor; and
[[Page 69166]]
(b) The ability of the farmer to provide affordable, decent, safe
and sanitary housing for farm workers.
Sec. 3560.603 Loan purposes.
On-farm labor housing loans may be made only for the purposes
established in Sec. 3560.553. Grants are not available for on-farm
labor housing.
Sec. 3560.604 Restrictions on use of funds.
On-farm labor housing loans may not be used for any purpose
prohibited by Sec. 3560.54 except Sec. 3560.54(a)(1). On-farm labor
housing may be used to serve migrant workers. In addition, on-farm
labor housing loan funds may not be used to provide housing for members
of the immediate family of the applicant when the applicant is an
individual farm owner, family farm corporation, family farm
partnership, or a member of an association of farmers. Immediate family
includes mother, father, brothers, sisters, sons, and daughters of the
applicant and spouse.
Sec. 3560.605 Eligibility requirements.
(a) To be eligible for an on-farm labor housing loan, the applicant
must meet the requirements of Sec. 3560.55(a) with the exception of
Sec. 3560.55(a)(1), (5), and (6) and the following requirements.
(1) The applicant must be a farm owner, family farm partnership,
family farm corporation, or an association of farmers engaged in
agricultural or aquacultural farming operations whose farming
operations demonstrate a need for on-farm labor housing and who will
own the housing and operate it on a nonprofit basis.
(2) The applicant must agree to use the labor housing to engage in
the farming operations of the individual farm owner applicant, or in
the farming operations of its members if it is a family farm
corporation or partnership, or an association of farmers.
(3) The applicant must, as determined by the Agency, be unable to
provide the necessary housing from the applicant's own resources and be
unable to obtain credit from any other source upon terms and conditions
which the applicant could reasonably be expected to fulfill. If the
applicant is an association of farmers or family farm corporation or
partnership, the individual members, individually and jointly, must be
unable to provide the necessary housing by utilizing their own
resources and be unable, by pledging their personal liability, to
obtain other credit that would enable them to provide housing for farm
workers at rental rates they can afford to pay. The individual
resources of family farm corporation or partnership members with less
than a 10 percent corporate or partnership interest should not be
considered when determining if the applicant can obtain credit
elsewhere.
(b) The Agency may make an exception to the requirement that an
individual farm owner, family farm corporation, family farm partnership
or an association of farmers be unable to obtain the necessary credit
elsewhere when all of the following conditions exist:
(1) There is a housing need in the area for domestic farmworkers
who are migrants and the applicant will provide such housing; and
(2) There are no qualified state or political subdivisions or
public or private nonprofit organizations available, or likely to
become available within 12 months of the application, that are willing
and able to provide the housing.
(c) When an applicant is determined eligible under paragraph (b) of
this section, the interest rate for such loans will be determined in
accordance with 7 CFR part 1810, subpart A.
(d) On-farm labor housing that consists of buildings with less than
three units is not subject to the requirement that five percent of the
units be constructed as fully accessible units, as described in Sec.
3560.60(d).
Sec. 3560.606 Application requirements and processing.
(a) On-farm labor housing loan applications will be processed
according to 7 CFR part 1940, subpart L. Applicants must submit an
application in an Agency-approved format that adequately documents the
need for the housing and the eligibility of the applicant.
(b) The applicant must certify that the farm workers for which the
housing is intended are or will be involved in the applicant's
agricultural or aquacultural farming operations.
(c) The applicant must certify that housing operations will be
conducted in a non-profit manner such that income from the housing does
not exceed eligible expenses associated with the housing. Eligible
expenditures for the housing include, but are not limited to housing
repairs and upkeep, payment of installments on the loan, taxes,
insurance and reserves and other essential uses needed for success of
the operations.
Sec. 3560.607 [Reserved]
Sec. 3560.608 Site and construction requirements.
(a) General. Cost and development standards for on-farm labor
housing will be consistent with the requirements, standards, and cost
limits specified in subpart B of this part, if the housing is a multi-
family housing type structure, or consistent with section 502 of the
Housing Act of 1949, if the housing is a single family type structure.
(b) Permanent units. On-farm labor housing occupied for 8 months or
more of the year will be required to meet the following requirements.
(1) Housing may be multi-family or single family in type and may be
located on the farm away from farm service buildings, or in the nearby
community. Single-family type housing is defined as an individual or a
group of individual single family detached dwelling units. All sites
and housing shall be planned and constructed in accordance with 7 CFR
part 1924, subparts A and C.
(2) Sites must be accessible from a public road, when feasible.
(c) Seasonal units. On-farm labor housing occupied for less than 8
months of the year will be considered seasonal housing. Such housing
must meet the following requirements.
(1) Housing designed for seasonal occupancy may be either single
family or multi-family.
(2) Seasonal housing may be constructed in accordance with exhibit
I of 7 CFR part 1924, subpart A. If constructed in accordance with
exhibit I, the housing must be suitable to allow for conversion to
full-year occupancy if the need for migrant farmworkers in the area
declines.
(d) Accessibility. On-farm labor housing that consists of buildings
with less than three units, need not meet the requirement that five
percent of the units be constructed as fully accessible units, as
described in Sec. 3560.60(d). This does not, however, eliminate any
other accessibility requirements.
Sec. 3560.609 [Reserved]
Sec. 3560.610 Security.
(a) Security instruments must meet the requirements established
under Sec. 3560.560.
(b) When feasible, the on-farm labor housing will be located on a
tract of land that is surveyed such that, for security purposes, it is
considered separate and distinct from the farm. The security for the
loan must include a lien on the tract of land where the on-farm labor
housing is located and the security must have adequate value to protect
the Federal government's interest. The Agency will seek a first or
parity lien position on Agency-financed property in all instances,
however, the Agency may accept a junior lien position if the Federal
government's interests are adequately secured.
[[Page 69167]]
(c) The Agency will determine the value of the security for the
loan in accordance with 7 CFR part 1922, subpart B if the farm is used
as security or in accordance with section 502 of the Housing Act of
1949, if only the on-farm labor housing and related land is used for
security.
(d) If necessary to provide adequate security for the loan, the
Agency may require that any household furnishings purchased with loan
funds also be secured.
(e) Personal liability and recourse will be required of all
borrowers, including the individual members, stockholders or partners
of an association of farmers, family farm corporations or partnerships,
respectively.
Sec. 3560.611 Technical, legal, insurance and other services.
When technical, legal, insurance, or services are required for
development of on-farm labor housing, applicants must comply with the
applicable requirements of Sec. 3560.62. Regarding insurance coverage,
the requirements of Sec. 3560.62(d) apply to on-farm labor housing.
Sec. 3560.612 Loan limits.
The maximum loan amount will be 100 percent of the allowable total
development costs of on-farm labor housing and related facilities
subject to Sec. Sec. 3560.603, 3560.604 and 3560.608.
Sec. 3560.613 [Reserved]
Sec. 3560.614 Reserve accounts.
When on-farm labor housing operations include 12 or more units, the
Agency will require such properties to comply with the reserve account
requirements in Sec. 3560.65.
Sec. 3560.615 Participation with other funding sources.
The Agency encourages the use of other funding sources in
conjunction with on-farm labor housing loans. Use of such financing in
conjunction with an on-farm labor housing loan is subject to the
approval of the Agency and must comply with the requirements of Sec.
3560.66.
Sec. 3560.616 Rates and terms.
(a) The interest rate for on-farm labor housing loans will be 1
percent.
(b) The term of the on-farm labor housing loan will not exceed 33
years.
(c) Loan amortization for on-farm labor housing may be on a monthly
or an annual basis.
Sec. 3560.617 [Reserved]
Sec. 3560.618 Supplemental requirements for on-farm labor housing.
The management plan for on-farm labor housing operated on a
seasonal basis must have specific opening and closing dates. During the
off-season, on-farm labor housing may be used under short-term lease
provisions.
Sec. 3560.619 Supplemental requirements for manufactured housing.
On-farm labor housing loan funds used for manufactured housing must
comply with Sec. 3560.70. Manufactured housing located on-farm may
consist of individual units.
Sec. 3560.620 Construction financing.
The requirements established in Sec. 3560.71 apply to all
applications involving on-farm labor housing loans.
Sec. 3560.621 Loan closing.
Applicants for on-farm labor housing loans must execute an Agency-
approved loan agreement. In addition, if determined appropriate by the
Agency, on-farm labor housing loans made on or after the effective date
of this regulation may be subject to the restrictive-use provisions as
stated in Sec. 3560.72(a)(2)(ii). All other on-farm labor housing
loans are subject to the restrictive-use provisions contained in their
loan documents and as outlined in subpart N of this regulation.
Sec. 3560.622 Subsequent loans.
The requirements established in Sec. 3560.572 apply to all
applications for on-farm labor housing subsequent loans.
Sec. 3560.623 Housing management and operations.
Borrowers with on-farm labor housing loans must:
(a) Develop and submit to the Agency a management plan in a format
specified by the Agency. At a minimum, the management plan will detail
the borrower's operational and occupancy policies, how the borrower
will deal with resident complaints, and how repairs will be completed;
and
(b) Maintain a lease or employment contract with each tenant
specifying employment with the borrower as a condition for continued
occupancy.
Sec. 3560.624 Occupancy restrictions.
(a) The immediate relatives of the borrowers are ineligible
occupants for on-farm labor housing.
(b) Occupants must meet the definition of a domestic farm laborer,
as defined in Sec. 3560.11.
(a) Occupancy of on-farm labor housing is restricted to employees
of the borrower unless otherwise approved by the Agency.
(d) With prior written permission of the Agency, on-farm labor
housing may be occupied by ineligible tenants on a short-term basis.
The permission of the Agency must also be for a limited duration.
Sec. 3560.625 Maintaining the physical asset.
On-farm labor housing must meet state and local building and
occupancy codes.
Sec. 3560.626 Affirmative Fair Housing Marketing Plan.
On-farm labor housing must meet the requirements of Sec. 3560.104.
Sec. 3560.627 Response to resident complaints.
The management plan submitted in accordance with Sec. 3560.623 (a)
will include a provision for dealing with resident complaints.
Sec. 3560.628 Establishing and modifying rental charges.
If it becomes necessary to establish or modify a shelter cost, the
borrower must obtain Agency approval as specified in subpart E of this
part.
Sec. 3560.629 Security deposits.
Borrowers that require security deposits to be paid by the tenants
will be required to comply with the requirements of Sec. 3560.204.
Sec. 3560.630 Financial management.
Financial information must be submitted in an Agency-approved
format and will show operation of the housing in a non-profit manner.
Sec. 3560.631 Agency monitoring.
A compliance review and physical inspection will be conducted by
the Agency at least once every 3 years. The purpose of this review will
be to inspect:
(a) Tenant eligibility documentation;
(b) Financial information on the operation and management of the
labor housing, including relevant borrower financial materials;
(c) Payment of taxes, insurance and hazard insurance;
(d) Compliance with the security deposit requirements;
(e) Compliance with the operating plan;
(f) Compliance with the loan agreement;
(g) Compliance with Agency requirements for affordable, decent,
safe, and sanitary housing; and
(h) Compliance with civil rights requirements.
[[Page 69168]]
Sec. Sec. 3560.632-3560.649 [Reserved]
Sec. 3560.650 OMB control number.
The information collection requirements contained in this
regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0189. Public
reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to
vary from 15 minutes to 18 hours per response, including time for
reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the
collection of information. A person is not required to respond to a
collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB
control number.
Subpart N--Housing Preservation
Sec. 3560.651 General.
(a) This subpart contains the Agency's housing preservation
requirements as related to prepayment requests and restrictive-use
provisions (RUPs). The requirements of this subpart support the
Agency's commitment to the preservation of decent, safe, sanitary, and
affordable multi-family housing (MFH) for very low-, low-, and
moderate-income households.
(b) The Agency will coordinate, direct, and monitor the Agency's
MFH preservation activities from the National Office level.
Sec. 3560.652 Prepayment and restrictive-use categories.
(a) Loans with prepayment prohibitions include:
(1) Initial section 515 loans made on or after December 15, 1989,
and
(2) Subsequent loans made on or after December 15, 1989, for
additional rental units.
(b) Loans without prepayment prohibitions but with restrictive-use
provisions include:
(1) All loans made after December 21, 1979, but prior to December
15, 1989;
(2) Subsequent loans made on or after December 15, 1989, for
purposes other than additional rental units; or
(3) Loans subsequently restricted by servicing actions including
transfers.
(c) Loans without prepayment prohibitions or restrictive-use
provisions include all loans made on or before December 21, 1979 or
loans that had restrictive-use provisions that have expired. Such loans
are eligible to receive incentives subject to the provisions of this
subpart.
(d) Loans may be prepaid if another loan or grant from the Agency
imposes the same or more stringent restrictive-use provisions on the
housing project covered by the loan being prepaid.
Sec. 3560.653 Prepayment requests.
(a) Borrowers seeking to prepay an Agency loan must submit a
written prepayment request to the Agency at least 180 days in advance
of the anticipated prepayment date and must obtain Agency approval
before the Agency will accept prepayment.
(b) Prior to submitting a prepayment request, borrowers must take
whatever actions are necessary to provide the following items:
(1) A clear description of the loan to be prepaid, the housing
project covered by the loan being prepaid, and the requested date of
prepayment.
(2) A statement documenting the borrower's ability to prepay under
the terms specified.
(3) A certification that the borrower will comply with any federal,
state, or local laws or regulations which may relate to the prepayment
request and a statement of actions needed to assure such compliance.
(4) A copy of lease language to be used during the period between
the submission date and the final resolution of the prepayment request
notifying tenant applicants that the housing project has submitted a
prepayment request to the Agency and explaining the potential affect of
the request on the lease.
(5) Borrowers are required to submit a signed release of
information form along with the prepayment request. The Agency will
notify nonprofit organizations and public bodies involved in providing
affordable housing or financial assistance to tenants of the receipt of
a borrower's request to prepay their MFH (MFH) loan(s). Additionally,
the Agency is to notify nonprofit organizations and public bodies
whenever a borrower, who has requested prepayment, is required or
elects to offer their property for sale to a nonprofit or public body.
(6) A certification that the borrower has notified all governmental
entities involved in providing affordable housing or financial
assistance to tenants in the project of the prepayment request and a
statement specifying how long financial assistance from such parties
will be provided to tenants after prepayment.
(7) A statement affirming that units in the property applying for
prepayment will continue to be available for rent by eligible residents
during the prepayment process.
(c) The Agency will review complete requests to determine if:
(1) The loan is eligible for prepayment under Sec. 3560.652(b);
(2) The borrower has the ability to prepay; and
(3) The borrower has complied or has the ability to comply with
applicable Federal, state, and local laws related to the prepayment
request.
(d) If a prepayment request lacks full and complete information on
any item, the Agency will return the prepayment request to the borrower
with a letter citing the deficiencies in the prepayment request. The
Agency will offer borrowers an opportunity, within 30 days following
the date of the return, to address the reasons given by the Agency for
the return of the prepayment request and will allow the borrower to
submit a revised prepayment request.
(e) If the Agency determines that the prepayment request
appropriately satisfies all the conditions listed in paragraph (d) of
this section, the Agency will process the prepayment request and make a
reasonable effort to enter into a new restrictive-use agreement with
the borrower in accordance with Sec. 3560.662 or Sec. 3560.655. If
the Agency determines that a loan is ineligible for prepayment or the
borrower does not have the ability to prepay, the Agency will return
the prepayment request to the borrower with a written explanation of
the Agency's determinations.
Sec. 3560.654 Tenant notification requirements.
(a) Within 30 calendar days of receiving a complete prepayment
request, the Agency will send a prepayment request notice to each
tenant in the housing project. Borrowers must post the Agency's
prepayment request notice in public areas throughout the housing
project from the date of the notice until the final resolution of the
prepayment request. The prepayment request notice will establish a date
and place where tenants may meet with the Agency to discuss the
prepayment request and will advise tenants that:
(1) They may review all information submitted with the prepayment
request except financial information regarding the borrower entity,
which the Agency will withhold from tenant review unless given written
permission for the release of the information from the borrower; and,
(2) They have 30 days from the date of the prepayment request
notice to give the Agency comments on the prepayment request.
(b) Borrowers may provide a prepayment request notice of their own
directly to tenants and may establish a date and place where tenants
may meet
[[Page 69169]]
with the borrower to discuss the prepayment request. The Agency and
other providers of housing assistance for very-low, low, and moderate-
income households may attend a borrower's prepayment request meeting
with tenants.
(c) If the Agency agrees to accept prepayment on a loan, the Agency
will send a prepayment acceptance notice to each tenant in the housing
project at least 60 days prior to the prepayment date. Borrowers must
post copies of the Agency's prepayment acceptance notice in public
areas throughout the housing project until prepayment is made. If the
prepayment acceptance was based on a borrower's agreement to comply
with restrictive-use provisions, the notice will describe the
restrictive-use provisions that will apply to the housing project after
prepayment and the tenant's rights to enforcement of the provisions.
(d) If the borrower withdraws the prepayment request, the Agency
will provide a prepayment request cancellation notice to each tenant in
the housing project. Borrowers must post copies of the prepayment
request cancellation notice in the public areas throughout the housing
project for a period of 60 days following the date of the prepayment
request cancellation notice.
(e) If the borrower agrees to accept incentives and restrictive-use
provisions, the Agency will notify each tenant, in writing, of the
agreement and provide a description of the restrictive-use provision.
(f) If a borrower agrees to sell a housing project involved in a
prepayment request to a nonprofit organization or public body, the
Agency will notify each tenant, in writing, of the proposed sale to a
nonprofit organization or public body and will explain the timeframes
involved with the proposed sale, any potential impact on tenants, and
the actions tenants may take to alleviate any adverse impact. Borrowers
must post copies of the Agency's proposed sale notice in public areas
throughout the housing project until the housing project is sold or the
offer to sell is withdrawn.
(g) If a tenant applicant signs a lease in a housing project for
which a prepayment request has been submitted, the borrower must
provide the tenant with copies of all notifications provided to tenants
by the Agency or the borrower prior to the tenant's occupancy in the
housing project.
(h) If a borrower is unable to sell a housing project involved in a
prepayment request to a nonprofit organization or public body within
180 days as specified in Sec. 3560.659, the Agency will send a notice
to each tenant in the housing project explaining the potential impact
of the borrower's inability to sell the housing project on tenants and
the actions tenants may take to alleviate any adverse impact. Borrowers
must post the Agency's notice in public areas throughout the housing
project for a period of 60 days following the date of the notice.
Sec. 3560.655 Agency requested extension.
Before accepting an offer to prepay from a borrower with a
restricted loan, the Agency must first make a reasonable effort to
enter into a new restrictive-use agreement with the borrower. Under
this agreement, the borrower would make a binding commitment to extend
the low-income use of the housing and related facilities for 20 years
for loans with interest credit, beginning on the date on which the new
agreement is executed. If the borrower is unwilling to enter into a new
restrictive-use provisions and restrictive-use agreement, the Agency
should proceed to take the actions described in Sec. 3560.658.
Sec. 3560.656 Incentives offers.
(a) The Agency will offer a borrower, who submits a prepayment
request meeting the conditions of Sec. 3560.653(d), incentives to
agree to the restrictive-use period in Sec. 3560.662 if the following
conditions are met:
(1) The market value of the housing project is determined by the
Agency, based on an appraisal conducted in accordance with subpart P of
this part.
(2) There are no restrictive-use agreements or prepayment
prohibitions in affect.
(b) Specific incentives offered will be based on the Agency's
assessment of:
(1) The value of the housing project as determined by the Agency
based on an ``as-is'' market value appraisal conducted in accordance
with subpart P of this part;
(2) An incentive amount that will provide a fair return to the
borrower;
(3) An incentive amount that will not cause basic rents at the
housing project to exceed conventional rents for comparable units;
except that when determined necessary by the Agency to allow for
decent, safe and sanitary housing to be provided in market areas where
conventional rents are not sufficient to cover necessary operating,
maintenance, and reserve costs. Basic rents may be allowed to exceed
comparable rents for conventional units, but in no case by more than
150% of the comparable rent for conventional unit rent level; and
(4) An incentive amount that will be the least costly alternative
for the Federal Government while being consistent with the Agency's
commitment to the preservation of housing for very-low, low, and
moderate income households in rural areas.
(c) The Agency may offer the following incentives:
(1) The Agency may increase the borrower's annual return on equity
by one of the following two methods. The actual withdrawal of the
return remains subject to the procedures and conditions for withdrawal
specified in subpart G of this part.
(i) The Agency may recognize the borrower's current equity in the
housing project. The equity will be determined using an Agency accepted
appraisal based on the housing project's value as unsubsidized
conventional housing.
(ii) When a current appraisal indicates an equity loan can not be
made, the Agency may recognize the borrower's current equity in the
housing project at the higher of the original rate of return or the
current 15-year Treasury bond rate plus 2 percent rounded to the
nearest one-quarter percent. The equity will be determined using the
most recent Agency accepted appraisal of the housing project prior to
receiving the prepayment request.
(2) The Agency may agree to convert projects without interest
credit or with Plan I interest credit to Plan II interest credit or
increase the interest credit subsidy for loans with Section 8
assistance to lower the interest rate on the loan and make basic rents
more financially feasible.
(3) The Agency may offer additional rental assistance, or an
increase in assistance provided under existing contracts under
Sec. Sec. 521(a)(2), 521(a)(5) of the Housing Act of 1949 (42 U.S.C.
1490a(a)(2)) or section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42
U.S.C. Sec. 1437f).
(4) The Agency may make an equity loan to the borrower. The equity
loan must not adversely affect the borrower's ability to repay other
Agency loans held by the borrower and must be made in conformance with
the following requirements:
(i) The equity loan must not exceed the difference between the
current unpaid loan balance and 90 percent of the housing project's
value as determined by an ``as-is'' market value appraisal conducted in
accordance with subpart P of this part.
(ii) Borrowers with farm labor housing loans are not eligible to
receive equity loans as incentives.
(iii) If an incentive offer for an equity loan is accepted, the
equity loan may be
[[Page 69170]]
processed and closed with the borrower or any eligible transferee.
(iv) Excess reserve funds will be used to reduce the amount of an
equity loan offered to a borrower.
(v) Equity loans may not be offered unless the Agency determines
that other incentives are not adequate to provide a fair return on the
investment of the borrower to prevent prepayment of the loan or to
prevent displacement of project tenants.
(5) The Agency will offer rental assistance to protect tenants from
rent overburden caused by any rent increase as a result of a borrower's
acceptance of an incentive offer or tenants who are currently
overburdened.
(6) In housing projects with project-based section 8 assistance,
the Agency may permit the borrower to receive rents in excess of the
amounts determined necessary by the Agency to defray the cost of long-
term repair or maintenance of such a project.
(d) The Agency must determine that the combination of assistance
provided is necessary to provide a fair return on the investment of the
borrower and is the least costly alternative for the Federal
Government.
(e) At the time the incentive is developed, the Agency must take
into consideration the costs of any deferred maintenance, items in the
housing project's operating budget, and any expected long-term repair
or replacement costs based on a capital needs assessment developed in
accordance with Sec. 3560.103(c). Deferred maintenance may include
specific items identified in previous Agency inspections where the
borrower has had the opportunity and resources available to take
corrective actions and did not.
(1) Deferred maintenance does not include routine repair and
replacement that results from normal wear and tear of the physical
asset. The amount required for the reserve account to be considered
fully funded will be adjusted accordingly. To determine if basic rents
exceed conventional rents for comparable units in the area, monthly
contributions necessary to obtain the adjusted fully funded reserve
account will be included in the calculation of basic rents.
(2) Deferred maintenance including any deficiencies identified in
project compliance with section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
must be addressed as part of the development of the incentive and must
be completed as part of an acceptance agreement of any incentive.
(f) Existing loans must be consolidated, provided consolidation
retains the Agency's lien position, and reamortized in accordance with
subparts I and J of this part, provided it maintains feasibility of the
housing for the tenants or reduces the debt service or the level of
monthly rental assistance.
(g) The borrower must accept or reject the incentive offer within
30 days. If no answer to the offer is received within 30 days, the
Agency may consider the incentive offer to be rejected.
(1) If the borrower accepts the incentive offer, procedures
outlined in Sec. 3560.657 must be followed.
(2) If the borrower rejects the incentive offer, the borrower must
comply with requirements listed in Sec. 3560.658.
Sec. 3560.657 Processing and closing incentive offers.
(a) Borrower responsibilities. If a borrower accepts the Agency's
offer of incentives, the borrower must complete the following actions:
(1) Subject to the Agency's approval, the borrower must legally
restrict the use of the project in accordance with and for the number
of years stated in Sec. 3560.662.
(2) If the incentive offer accepted includes an equity loan, the
borrower must complete an application for the equity loan, and the
borrower must continue to qualify as an eligible borrower or transferee
in accordance with subpart B of this part.
(3) If the incentive offer accepted includes rent increases, the
borrower must follow the rent increase requirements established in
subpart E of this part.
(b) Waiting lists. If funds for components of incentive offers are
limited, the Agency will establish a waiting list of accepted incentive
offers for funding in the date order that the complete prepayment
request was received.
(c) Unfunded incentive offers. If the borrower accepts the
incentive offer but the Agency is unable to fund the incentive within
15 months, the borrower may choose one of the following actions:
(1) The borrower may offer to sell the housing project in
accordance with Sec. 3650.659. In this case the borrower will be
removed from the list of borrowers awaiting incentives.
(2) The borrower may stay on the list of borrowers awaiting
incentives until the borrower's incentive offer is funded. The Agency
will not negotiate the incentive offer; but, at a borrower's request,
may adjust the incentive amount to reflect an updated appraisal, loan
balance, and terms of third party financing.
(3) The borrower may withdraw the prepayment request and be removed
from the list of borrowers awaiting incentives and either continue
operating the housing project for program purposes and in accordance
with Agency requirements or continue processing their prepayment
process in accordance with Sec. 3560.658. If the borrower chooses to
withdraw their request, the borrower may resubmit an updated prepayment
request, at any time, and repeat the prepayment process in accordance
with this subpart.
(4) The borrower may elect to obtain a third-party equity loan
provided rents will not exceed comparable rents in the market area.
Sec. 3560.658 Borrower rejection of the incentive offer.
(a) If a borrower rejects the incentive package offered by the
Agency or an Agency request to extended restrictive-use provisions,
made in accordance with Sec. 3560.662, the loan will only be prepaid
if the borrower elects to agree to the following:
(1) The borrower agrees to sign restrictive-use provisions to
extend restrictive-use by 10 years from the date of prepayment, and at
the end of the restrictive-use period offer to sell the housing to a
qualified nonprofit organization or public body in accordance with
Sec. 3560.659.
(2) If restrictive-use provisions are in place, the borrower will
agree to sign the restrictive-use provisions, as determined by the
Agency, and at the end of the restrictive-use period offer to sell the
housing to a qualified nonprofit organization or public body in
accordance with Sec. 3560.659.
(3) If restrictive-use provisions are not in place prior to
prepayment, the borrower will offer to sell the housing to a qualified
nonprofit organization or public body in accordance with Sec.
3560.659.
(b) If the borrower does not elect or agree to enter an agreement
in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section, then the Agency will
assess the impact of prepayment on two factors: housing opportunities
for minorities and the supply of decent, safe, sanitary, and affordable
housing in the market area. The Agency will review relevant information
to determine the availability of comparable affordable housing for
existing tenants in the market area and if minorities in the project,
on the waiting list or in the market area will be disproportionately
adversely affected by the loss of the affordable rental housing units.
(1) If the Agency determines that prepayment will have an adverse
impact on minorities, then the borrower must offer to sell to a
qualified nonprofit
[[Page 69171]]
organization or public body in accordance with the provisions of
paragraph (a) of this section.
(2) If the Agency determines that the prepayment will not have an
adverse effect on housing opportunities for minorities but there is not
an adequate supply of decent, safe, and sanitary rental housing
affordable to program eligible tenant households in the market area,
the loan may be prepaid only if the borrower agrees to sign
restrictive-use provisions, as determined by the Agency, to protect
tenants at the time of prepayment.
(3) If the Agency determines that there is no adverse impact on
minorities and there is an adequate supply of decent, safe, and
sanitary rental housing affordable to program eligible tenant
households in the market area the prepayment will be accepted with no
further restriction.
(c) If the borrower agrees to the restrictive-use provisions, as
determined by the Agency, the applicable language must be included in
the release documents and the borrower must execute a restrictive-use
agreement acceptable to the Agency and a deed restriction.
(d) If the borrower will not agree to applicable restrictive-use
provisions, as determined by the Agency, the borrower must offer to
sell to a nonprofit or public body in accordance with Sec. 3560.659 or
withdraw their prepayment request.
Sec. 3560.659 Sale or transfer to nonprofit organizations and public
bodies.
(a) Sales price. For the purposes of establishing a sales price
when a borrower is required or elects to sell a housing project to a
nonprofit organization or public body, two independent appraisals will
be ordered, one by the Agency and one by the borrower. Both appraisals
will conclude market value and be in accordance with subpart P of this
part. If the borrower's assessment of the Agency's appraised market
value indicates that no further appraisal is needed, the borrower may
agree to accept the Agency's appraisal.
(1) The expense of the borrower's appraisal shall be borne by the
borrower. The appraiser selected may not have an identity of interest
with the borrower.
(2) If the two appraisers fail to agree on the market value, the
Agency and the borrower will jointly select an appraiser whose
appraisal will be binding on the Agency and the borrower. The Agency
and the borrower shall jointly fund the cost of the appraisal.
(b) Marketing to nonprofit organizations and public bodies. If a
borrower must offer the property for sale to a nonprofit organization
or public body under this paragraph, the borrower must take the
following actions to inform appropriate entities of the sale:
(1) The borrower must advertise and offer to sell the project for a
minimum of 180 days. The borrower may choose to suspend advertising and
other sales efforts while eligibility of an interested purchaser is
determined. If the purchaser is determined to be ineligible, the
borrower must resume advertising for the balance of the required 180
days.
(2) The Agency will assist the borrower in initially notifying
nonprofit organizations and public bodies.
(3) The borrower must provide the nonprofit organizations and
public bodies contacted with sufficient information regarding the
housing project and its operations for interested purchasers to make an
informed decision. The information provided must include the minimum
value of the housing project based on the market value determined in
accordance with paragraph (a) of this section.
(4) If an interested purchaser requests additional information
concerning the housing project, the borrower must promptly provide the
requested materials.
(c) Preference for local nonprofit and public bodies. Local
nonprofit organizations and public bodies have priority over regional
and national nonprofit organizations and public bodies. The Agency may
determine that no local nonprofit organizations or public bodies are
available to purchase the housing project. After this determination,
the borrower may accept an offer from a regional or national nonprofit
organization or public body.
(d) Eligible nonprofit organizations. To be eligible to purchase
properties under the conditions of this subpart, nonprofit
organizations may not have among its officers or directorate any
persons or parties with an identity-of-interest (or any persons or
parties related to any person with identity-of-interest) in loans
financed under section 515 that have been prepaid. In addition to local
nonprofit organizations, eligible nonprofit organizations include
regional or national nonprofit organizations or public bodies provided
no part of the net earnings of which accrue to the benefit of any
member, founder, contributor or individual.
(e) Requirements for nonprofit organizations and public bodies. To
purchase and operate a housing project, a nonprofit organization or
public body must meet the following requirements:
(1) The purchaser must agree to maintain the housing project for
very low- and low-income families or persons for the remaining useful
life of the housing and related facilities. However, currently eligible
moderate-income tenants will not be required to move.
(2) The purchaser must agree that no subsequent transfer of the
housing project will be permitted for the remaining useful life of the
housing project unless the Agency determines that the transfer will
further the provision of housing for low-income households, or there is
no longer a need for the housing project. Language to be included in
the deed, conveyance instrument, loan resolution, and assumption
agreement (as applicable) is provided in Sec. 3560.662.
(3) The purchaser must demonstrate financial feasibility of the
housing project including anticipated funding.
(4) The purchaser must certify to the Agency that no identity-of-
interest relationships in accordance with Sec. 3560.102(g). The
purchaser must not have any identity of interest with the seller or any
borrower that has previously prepaid or requested prepayment of an
Agency MFH loan.
(5) The purchaser must complete an Agency-approved application and
obtain Agency approval in accordance with subpart B of this part.
(6) The purchaser must make a bona fide offer taking into
consideration the value of the housing project as determined in
accordance with paragraph (a) of this section.
(f) Selection priorities. If more than one qualified nonprofit
organization or public body submits an offer to purchase the project at
the same time, priority will be given to local nonprofit organizations
and public bodies over regional and national nonprofit organizations or
public bodies. When selecting between offers equally meeting all other
criteria, the borrower will first consider the success of the nonprofit
organization's or public body's previous experience in developing and
maintaining subsidized housing, with preference given to the most
successful. If the offers continue to be equal, the borrower will then
consider the number of years experience that the nonprofit organization
or public body has had in developing and maintaining subsidized
housing, with preference given to the greater number of years.
(g) Loans made by the Agency or other sources to nonprofit
organizations and public bodies. Agency loans to nonprofit
organizations or public bodies may be made for the purposes described
in this paragraph. Agency loans will be processed in accordance with
subpart B of this part. Loans from other sources
[[Page 69172]]
will be approved by the Agency in accordance with subpart I of this
part.
(1) Agency loans to nonprofit organizations or public bodies for
the purchase of a housing project will be based on the appraised value
determined in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section.
(2) With proper justification, an Agency loan may be made to help
the nonprofit organization or public body meet the housing project's
first year operating expenses if there are insufficient funds in the
housing project's general operating and expense account to meet such
expenses. An Agency loan, for the purpose of covering first year
operating expenses, may not exceed 2 percent of the housing project's
appraised value determined in accordance with paragraph (c) of this
section.
(h) Advances for nonprofit organizations and public bodies. The
Agency may make advances, in accordance with section 502(c)(5)(c)(i),
not in excess of limits established by Congress to nonprofit
organizations or public bodies that are purchasing housing under this
subpart. Grant funds may be used to cover any direct costs other than
the purchase price, incurred by nonprofit organizations or public
bodies in purchasing and assuming responsibility for the housing
project.
(i) Waiting list. If funds for sales to nonprofit organizations and
public bodies are limited, the Agency will add the funding requests to
the waiting list for incentives and follow the process established in
Sec. 3560.657(b) and (c).
(j) Withdrawal from sales process. A borrower may withdraw the
prepayment request at any time prior to the sale of the property. The
borrower will be responsible for any damages associated with breaking a
sales contract established with a nonprofit organization or public
body.
(k) When no offer to purchase is received. Prepayment with no
further restriction may be accepted by the Agency when the borrower
agrees to offer the housing project for sale to a nonprofit
organization or public body in accordance with Sec. 3560.659 and no
good faith offer is received within 180 days from the date that the
housing project was advertised for sale to a nonprofit organization or
public body, or a good faith offer was received within 180 days from
the advertisement date but the offeror was unable to fulfill the terms
of the offer within 24 months of the offer date, provided the owner
cooperated with the potential purchaser.
Sec. 3560.660 Acceptance of prepayments.
(a) When the Agency agrees to accept prepayment, the Agency will
notify borrowers, in writing, of the conditions under which the Agency
will accept prepayment including the specific restrictive-use
provisions to which the borrower has agreed and the date by which the
borrower must make the prepayment.
(1) Prepayment must be made 180 days from the date of the Agency's
prepayment acceptance notice to the borrower.
(2) If the borrower's prepayment is not received within 180 days of
the prepayment acceptance notice and the Agency has not agreed to an
alternative date based on a written request from the borrower, the
Agency may cancel the prepayment acceptance agreement.
(b) Tenants will be notified of the prepayment acceptance agreement
in accordance with Sec. 3560.654(c). If a prepayment is anticipated to
result in increased net tenant contributions, displacements or
involuntary relocations, the tenants, who are affected by such a
circumstance, may request a Letter Of Priority Entitlement (LOPE) in
accordance with Sec. 3560.159(c). Tenants must request a LOPE within
one year of the prepayment acceptance notice date.
(c) Owners will provide certification stating that they will meet
state and local laws prior to prepayment acceptance.
Sec. 3560.661 Sale or transfers.
(a) If a sale or transfer is to take place in conjunction with the
Agency incentive offer, the sale or transfer must comply with the
processing provisions of subpart I of this part.
(b) If a proposed transferee is determined not to be eligible for
the transfer and assumption, the borrower will be given an additional
45 days to find another transferee.
(c) In cases where the existing owner is in program non-compliance
or default, the Agency may make an offer of incentives contingent on
the successful transfer of the housing to an acceptable purchaser. The
Agency may offer a smaller incentive or no incentive if the borrower
does not agree to transfer the project to an acceptable purchaser, or
if the transfer does not take place.
Sec. 3560.662 Restrictive-use provisions and agreements.
All restrictions require Agency approval and must be in accordance
with the following restrictions:
(a) The undersigned, and any successors in interest, agree to use
the property (described herein) in compliance with 42 U.S.C. 1484 or
1485, whichever is applicable, and applicable regulations and the
subsequent amendments, for the purpose of housing:
(1) Very low-, or low-income households when required by Sec.
3560.658(a)(3), or
(2) Very low-, low-, or moderate-income households.
(b) The period of the restriction will be inserted in accordance
with the following:
(1) 10 years if required by Sec. 3560.658(a)(1);
(2) The last existing tenant (that occupied the property on the
date of prepayment) voluntarily vacates if required by Sec.
3560.658(b)(2);
(3) 30 years if required by Sec. 3560.406(g);
(4) Remaining period of existing restrictive-use provisions and any
agreed extension if required by Sec. 3560.655 or Sec. 3560.658
(a)(2);
(5) The remaining useful life of the housing and related facilities
if required by Sec. 3560.658(a)(3); and
(6) 20 years in all other cases.
(c) When required by Sec. 3560.658(a)(1) or (a)(2), the
undersigned agrees that at the end of the expiration of the period
described in paragraph (b) of this section, the property will be
offered for sale to a qualified nonprofit organization or public body,
in accordance with previously cited statutes and regulations.
(d) The Agency and eligible tenants or applicants may enforce these
restrictions.
(e) The undersigned also agrees to:
(1) To set rents, other charges, and conditions of occupancy in a
manner to meet these restrictions;
(2) To post an Agency approved notice of this restriction for the
tenants of the property;
(3) To adhere to applicable local, state, and Federal laws; and
(4) To obtain Agency concurrence for any rental procedures that
deviate from those approved at the time of prepayment, prior to
implementation.
(f) The undersigned will be released from these obligations before
the termination period in paragraph (b) of this section only when the
Agency determines that there is no longer a need for the housing or
that financial assistance provided the residents of the housing will no
longer be provided due to no fault, action or lack of action on the
part of the borrower.
Sec. 3560.663 Post-payment responsibilities for loans subject to
continued restrictive-use provisions.
(a) If a borrower prepays a loan and the housing project remains
subject to
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restrictive-use provisions, the requirements of this section apply
after prepayment.
(b) Owners of prepaid housing projects will be responsible for
ensuring that the restrictive-use provisions agreed to as a condition
of prepayment are observed.
(c) Owners must maintain appropriate documentation to demonstrate
compliance with the restrictive-use provisions and must make the
documentation and the housing project site available for Federal
Government inspection upon request.
(1) Owners must document rent increases in accordance with subpart
G of this part.
(2) Owners must document tenant eligibility in accordance with
Sec. 3560.152.
(3) In an Agency approved format, owners must provide the agency
with a signed and dated certification within 30 days of the beginning
of each calendar year for the full period of the restrictive-use
provisions establishing that the restrictive-use provisions are being
met.
(d) Owners must observe Agency policies on tenant grievances as
described in Sec. 3560.160. The Agency may enforce restrictive-use
provisions through administrative and legal actions. Tenants may
enforce the restrictive-use provisions by contacting the Agency or
through legal action. The Agency will release the restrictive-use
provisions when the Agency conditions have been met.
Sec. Sec. 3560.664-3560.699 [Reserved]
Sec. 3560.700 OMB control number.
The information collection requirements contained in this
regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0189. Public
reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to
vary from 15 minutes to 18 hours per response, including time for
reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the
collection of information. A person is not required to respond to a
collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB
control number.
Subpart O--Unauthorized Assistance
Sec. 3560.701 General.
(a) This subpart contains the policies for recapturing unauthorized
assistance when the Agency determines that a borrower or tenant was
ineligible for, or improperly used, assistance received from the
Agency.
(b) The Agency may seek repayment of any unauthorized assistance
provided to a borrower or tenant, plus the cost of collection,
regardless of whether the unauthorized assistance was due to errors by
the Agency, the borrower, or the tenant.
Sec. 3560.702 Unauthorized assistance sources and situations.
(a) Unauthorized assistance can be received by a borrower or tenant
in the form of loans, grants, interest credit, rental assistance, or
other assistance provided by the Agency including assistance received
as a result of an incorrect interest rate being applied to an Agency
loan. Agency officials may pursue identification and recapture of
unauthorized assistance through any legal remedies available.
(b) Unauthorized assistance may result from situations such as:
(1) Assistance being provided to an ineligible borrower or tenant;
(2) Assistance to an eligible borrower or tenant being used for an
unauthorized purpose;
(3) Assistance being obtained as a result of inaccurate,
incomplete, or fraudulent information provided by a borrower or tenant;
or
(4) Assistance being obtained as a result of errors by the Agency,
borrower, or tenant.
Sec. 3560.703 Identification of unauthorized assistance.
(a) The Agency will use all available means to identify
unauthorized assistance, including Agency monitoring activities, OIG
reports, GAO reports, and reports from any source, if the information
provided can be substantiated by the Agency.
(b) Borrowers have the primary responsibility for identifying
repayment of unauthorized assistance received by tenants.
Sec. 3560.704 Unauthorized assistance determination notice.
(a) The Agency will notify borrowers, in writing, when a
determination has been made that unauthorized assistance was received
by the borrower. Borrowers will notify tenants, in writing, when a
determination is made that unauthorized assistance was received by the
tenant and will simultaneously send the Agency of copy of the written
notice to the tenant.
(b) The unauthorized assistance determination notice is a
preliminary notice, not a demand letter. The unauthorized assistance
determination notice will:
(1) Specify the reasons the assistance was determined to be
unauthorized;
(2) State the amount of unauthorized assistance to be repaid and
specify the party responsible for repayment of the unauthorized
assistance (i.e., the tenant or borrower) according to the provision of
Sec. 3560.708;
(3) Establish a place and time when the person receiving the
unauthorized assistance determination notice may meet with the Agency
or, in the case of tenants, may meet with the borrower, to discuss
issues related to the unauthorized assistance notice such as the
establishment of a repayment schedule; and
(4) Advise the borrower or tenant that they may present facts,
figures, written records, or other information within a specified
period of time which might alter the determination that the assistance
received was unauthorized.
(c) Upon request, the Agency or borrower, in the case of tenants,
will grant additional time for discussions related to an unauthorized
assistance determination notice. Borrowers must notify the Agency of
schedule revisions when additional time is granted to a tenant in
unauthorized assistance claims.
Sec. 3560.705 Recapture of unauthorized assistance.
(a) The Agency will seek repayment of all unauthorized assistance
received by a borrower or tenant, plus the cost of collection, to the
fullest extent permitted by law. Agency efforts to collect unauthorized
assistance may include offsets, the use of private or public collection
agents, and any other remedies available. Agency findings related to
unauthorized assistance determinations will be referred to credit
reporting bureaus and other federal, state, or local agencies with
jurisdictions related to the unauthorized assistance findings for
suspension, debarment, civil or criminal action to the fullest extent
permitted by law.
(b) If a borrower or tenant agrees to repay unauthorized
assistance, the amount due will be the amount stated in the
unauthorized assistance determination notice unless another amount has
been approved by the Agency.
(c) Repayment may be made either with a lump sum payment or through
payments made over a period of time. If a borrower or tenant agrees to
repay unauthorized assistance, the borrower or tenant proposed
repayment schedule must be approved by Agency prior to implementation.
Agency approval of a repayment schedule will take into consideration
the best interest of the
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borrower, the tenant, and the Federal Government.
(d) Borrowers must retain copies of all correspondence and a record
of all conversations between the borrower and a tenant regarding
unauthorized assistance received by a tenant.
(e) When a tenant, who has received unauthorized assistance due to
tenant error or fraud as determined by the Agency, moves out of a
housing project, the borrower is no longer responsible for recapturing
the unauthorized assistance provided that the borrower notifies the
Agency of the tenant's move and transfers all records related to the
tenant's unauthorized assistance to the Agency within 30 days of the
tenant's move. The Agency will pursue collection of the unauthorized
assistance from the tenant.
(f) If a borrower refuses to enter into an unauthorized assistance
repayment schedule with the Agency, the Agency will initiate
liquidation procedures, in accordance with Sec. 3560.456, or other
enforcement actions, such