[Federal Register Volume 76, Number 229 (Tuesday, November 29, 2011)]
[Notices]
[Pages 73670-73673]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2011-30626]
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
[2253-665]
Notice of Inventory Completion: University of Michigan Museum of
Anthropology, Ann Arbor, MI
AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior.
ACTION: Notice.
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SUMMARY: The University of Michigan has completed an inventory of human
remains and associated funerary objects, in consultation with the
appropriate Indian tribes, and has determined that there is no cultural
affiliation between the remains and any present-day Indian tribe.
Representatives of any Indian tribe that believes itself to be
culturally affiliated with the human remains may contact the University
of Michigan Office of the Vice President for Research. Disposition of
the human remains and associated funerary objects to the Indian tribes
stated below may occur if no additional requestors come forward.
DATES: Representatives of any Indian tribe that believes it has a
cultural affiliation with the human remains should contact the
University of Michigan Office of the Vice President for Research at the
address below by December 29, 2011.
ADDRESSES: Dr. Ben Secunda, NAGPRA Project Manager, Office of the Vice
President for Research, University of Michigan, 4080 Fleming Building,
503 Thompson Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1340, telephone (734) 647-
9085.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Notice is here given in accordance with the
Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25
U.S.C. 3003, of the completion of an inventory of human remains and
associated funerary objects in the possession of the University of
Michigan. The human remains and associated funerary objects were
removed from three sites in Mackinac County, MI.
This notice is published as part of the National Park Service's
administrative responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 U.S.C. 3003(d)(3) and
43 CFR 10.11(d). The determinations in this notice are the sole
responsibility of the museum, institution, or Federal agency that has
control of the Native American human remains. The National Park Service
is not responsible for the determinations in this notice.
Consultation
A detailed assessment of the human remains was made by University
of Michigan officials and its Museum of Anthropology NAGPRA collections
staff in consultation with representatives of the Bay Mills Indian
Community, Michigan; Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa
Indians, Michigan; Hannahville Indian Community, Michigan; Keweenaw Bay
Indian Community, Michigan; Lac Vieux Desert Band of Lake Superior
Chippewa Indians, Michigan; Little River Band of Ottawa Indians,
Michigan; Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians, Michigan; Match-
e-be-nash-she-wish Band of Potawatomi Indians of Michigan; Nottawaseppi
[[Page 73671]]
Huron Band of the Potawatomi, Michigan (formerly the Huron Potawatomi,
Inc.); Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians, Michigan and Indiana;
Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribe of Michigan; and the Sault Ste. Marie
Tribe of Chippewa Indians of Michigan (hereinafter referred to as ``The
Tribes'').
Additional requests for consultation were sent to the Absentee-
Shawnee Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma; Bad River Band of the Lake
Superior Tribe of Chippewa Indians of the Bad River Reservation,
Wisconsin; Bois Forte Band (Nett Lake) of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe,
Minnesota; Chippewa-Cree Indians of the Rocky Boy's Reservation,
Montana; Citizen Potawatomi Nation, Oklahoma; Delaware Nation,
Oklahoma; Delaware Tribe of Indians, Oklahoma; Eastern Shawnee Tribe of
Oklahoma; Fond du Lac Band of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota;
Forest County Potawatomi Community, Wisconsin; Grand Portage Band of
the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota; Kickapoo Traditional Tribe of
Texas; Kickapoo Tribe of Indians of the Kickapoo Reservation in Kansas;
Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma; Lac Courte Oreilles Band of Lake Superior
Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin; Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior
Chippewa Indians of the Lac du Flambeau Reservation of Wisconsin; Leech
Lake Band of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota; Miami Tribe of
Oklahoma; Mille Lacs Band of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota;
Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma; Peoria Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma; Prairie
Band of Potawatomi Nation, Kansas; Quechan Tribe of the Fort Yuma
Indian Reservation, California and Arizona; Red Cliff Band of Lake
Superior Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin; Red Lake Band of Chippewa
Indians, Minnesota; Sokaogon Chippewa Community, Wisconsin; St. Croix
Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin; Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians
of North Dakota; White Earth Band of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe,
Minnesota; and the Wyandotte Nation, Oklahoma.
History and Description of the Remains
In 1932, Robert Braidwood of the University of Michigan discovered
human remains eroding from the surface while conducting an
archeological survey of mounds comprising the Juntunen and Arrowhead
Drive Sites in Mackinac County, MI. Between the initial 1932 discovery
and 1960, human remains representing, at minimum, 76 individuals were
excavated from the Juntunen Site. In 1959, Mr. Charles Juntunen, the
landowner of the site, found the human remains while preparing a road
using a bulldozer. Mr. Juntunen contacted the University of Michigan to
salvage the remains, and Alan McPherron and James Griffin conducted
multiple excavations. The Juntunen Site contains five ossuaries (one
large and four small, both defined by secondary-burials), one infant
burial, and additional human remains collected from the surface of a
mound. The largest ossuary discovered at the site consisted of a lower
burial pit (Feature 10) separated by a sterile layer of soil from an
upper burial pit (Feature 11), both of which were lined with birch
bark. At minimum, 33 individuals were found in this ossuary buried in
bundles, with a high number of individuals exhibiting pathological
expressions of tuberculosis in conjunction with chronic vitamin
deficiencies. The four smaller ossuaries contained, at minimum, 32
individuals. Additionally, an infant burial was discovered in a pit
that was covered by a collapsed log roof. Human remains were also
recovered from the surface of the site representing, at minimum, 10
individuals. No known individuals were identified. There are 71
associated funerary objects including: 1 medicine bundle containing 2
stone points; 1 red ground stone or palette; 2 ground stones; 3 flint
cores; 13 stone flakes; 3 bone chisels; 3 harpoon heads; 2 small bone
awls; 2 large bone awls; 1 otter skull with soil; 1 lot consisting of a
strike-a-light kit--iron pyrite, flint, and ``skitaagin; '' 1 copper
awl; 1 bone punch or splinter with polished tips; 1 lot of twined
textile fragments from the medicine bag; 2 miniature ceramic vessels;
29 shell and fish beads; 1 lot of approximately 700 Marginella shells
that formed a shell beaded band or belt; and 3 lots of soil from the
largest ossuary.
McPherron and Griffin noted a long history of occupation at the
site. Archeological analysis suggests that the location was used as a
large, seasonal fishing camp during the Late Woodland period. The
burials were found to date between 1200-1400 A.D. based on ceramic
typology and Carbon 14 analysis. The burial treatments found at the
site and in the ossuaries are consistent with the time period.
In 1963, human remains representing, at minimum, seven individuals
(1 elderly male, 3 adult females, 2 adult males, and 1 infant/neonate)
were excavated from Arrowhead Drive Site by Charles Eyman of the
University of Michigan. No known individuals were identified. The 20
associated funerary objects include: 1 medicine bundle containing 7
chert fragments; 1 animal bone lot with beaver incisors, black bear
maxilla, bird and mammal bones; 8 stone fragments including specular
hematite; 1 lot of the remains of a skin bag; 1 lot of shell and soil;
1 antler tool with a beaver incisor found near Burial 7; and 1 lot of
ceramic sherds from two partial vessels.
This site is adjacent to the Juntunen Site; however, the mortuary
treatment of the human remains buried at Arrowhead Drive show primary
interment in the mound, whereas burials at the Juntunen site were
interred in secondary bundles. Individuals at this site also show more
cavities and tooth wear than those from the adjacent excavation. The
burial feature at this site was found to date between 70 B.C.-170 A.D.
based on Carbon 14 dating and diagnostic artifacts, falling within the
Middle Woodland period and pre-dating the Juntunen Site by more than
1,000 years.
Sometime prior to 1924, human remains representing, at minimum one
individual were removed from an unknown site in Saint Ignace, MI. The
University of Michigan Museum of Anthropology purchased the human
remains from Reverend L. P. Rowland in November of 1924 as part of a
larger collection known as the ``Rowland Collection,'' which spans
approximately 1,000 archeological and ethnographic objects from various
locations in North America. No information on provenience is present
except a reference to Saint Ignace, MI on the catalog card. Individual
number 1276 was determined to be a middle aged adult 30-50 years of
age, possibly female with cranial modifications from cradle boarding.
No known individuals were identified. No funerary objects are present.
Determinations Made by the University of Michigan
Officials of the University of Michigan have determined that:
Based on cranial morphology, dental traits, as well as the
pottery and artifacts associated with the burials that all pre-date the
contact period the human remains are determined to be Native American.
Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), a relationship of shared
group identity cannot be reasonably traced between the Native American
human remains and any present-day Indian tribe.
According to final judgments of the Indian Claims
Commission, the land from which the Native American human remains and
associated funerary objects, were removed is the aboriginal land of the
Bad River Band of the Lake Superior Tribe of Chippewa Indians of the
Bad
[[Page 73672]]
River Reservation, Wisconsin; Bay Mills Indian Community, Michigan;
Bois Forte Band (Nett Lake) of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota;
Chippewa-Cree Indians of the Rocky Boy's Reservation, Montana; Fond du
Lac Band of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota; Grand Portage Band
of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota; Grand Traverse Band of
Ottawa and Chippewa Indians, Michigan; Keweenaw Bay Indian Community,
Michigan; Lac Courte Oreilles Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians of
Wisconsin; Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians of
the Lac du Flambeau Reservation of Wisconsin; Lac Vieux Desert Band of
Lake Superior Chippewa Indians, Michigan; Leech Lake Band of the
Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota; Little River Band of Ottawa
Indians, Michigan; Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians,
Michigan; Mille Lacs Band of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota;
Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma; Red Cliff Band of Lake Superior Chippewa
Indians of Wisconsin; Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians, Minnesota;
Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribe of Michigan; Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of
Chippewa Indians of Michigan; Sokaogon Chippewa Community, Wisconsin;
St. Croix Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin; Turtle Mountain Band of
Chippewa Indians of North Dakota; and the White Earth Band of the
Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota.
Multiple lines of evidence, including treaties, Acts of
Congress, and Executive Orders, indicate that the land from which the
Native American human remains and associated funerary objects were
removed is the aboriginal land of the Absentee-Shawnee Tribe of Indians
of Oklahoma; Bad River Band of the Lake Superior Tribe of Chippewa
Indians of the Bad River Reservation, Wisconsin; Bay Mills Indian
Community, Michigan; Bois Forte Band (Nett Lake) of the Minnesota
Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota; Chippewa-Cree Indians of the Rocky Boy's
Reservation, Montana; Citizen Potawatomi Nation, Oklahoma; Delaware
Nation, Oklahoma; Delaware Tribe of Indians, Oklahoma; Eastern Shawnee
Tribe of Oklahoma; Fond du Lac Band of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe,
Minnesota; Forest County Potawatomi Community, Wisconsin; Grand Portage
Band of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota; Grand Traverse Band of
Ottawa and Chippewa Indians, Michigan; Hannahville Indian Community,
Michigan; Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, Michigan; Kickapoo Traditional
Tribe of Texas; Kickapoo Tribe of Indians of the Kickapoo Reservation
in Kansas; Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma; Lac Courte Oreilles Band of Lake
Superior Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin; Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake
Superior Chippewa Indians of the Lac du Flambeau Reservation of
Wisconsin; Lac Vieux Desert Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians,
Michigan; Leech Lake Band of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota;
Little River Band of Ottawa Indians, Michigan; Little Traverse Bay
Bands of Odawa Indians, Michigan; Match-e-be-nash-she-wish Band of
Pottawatomi Indians of Michigan; Miami Tribe of Oklahoma; Mille Lacs
Band of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota; Nottawaseppi Huron
Band of the Potawatomi, Michigan (formerly the Huron Potawatomi, Inc.);
Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma; Peoria Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma; Pokagon
Band of Potawatomi Indians, Michigan and Indiana; Prairie Band of
Potawatomi Nation, Kansas; Quechan Tribe of the Fort Yuma Indian
Reservation, California and Arizona; Red Cliff Band of Lake Superior
Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin; Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians,
Minnesota; Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribe of Michigan; Sault Ste. Marie
Tribe of Chippewa Indians of Michigan; Shawnee Tribe, Oklahoma;
Sokaogon Chippewa Community, Wisconsin; St. Croix Chippewa Indians of
Wisconsin; Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians of North Dakota;
White Earth Band of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota; and the
Wyandotte Nation, Oklahoma.
Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(9), the human remains described
in this notice represent the physical remains of 84 individuals of
Native American ancestry.
Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(A), the 91 objects described
above are reasonably believed to have been placed with or near
individual human remains at the time of death or later as part of the
death rite or ceremony.
Pursuant to 43 CFR 10.11(c)(1), the disposition of the
human remains is to The Tribes.
Additional Requestors and Disposition
Representatives of any Indian tribe that believes itself to be
culturally affiliated with the human remains or any other Indian tribe
that believes it satisfies the criteria in 43 CFR 10.11(c)(1) should
contact Dr. Ben Secunda, NAGPRA Project Manager, University of
Michigan, Office of the Vice President for Research, 4080 Fleming
Building, 503 Thompson St., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1340, telephone
(734) 647-9085, before December 29, 2011. Disposition of the human
remains to The Tribes may proceed after that date if no additional
requestors come forward.
The University of Michigan Office of the Vice President for
Research is responsible for notifying the Absentee-Shawnee Tribe of
Indians of Oklahoma; Bad River Band of the Lake Superior Tribe of
Chippewa Indians of the Bad River Reservation, Wisconsin; Bay Mills
Indian Community, Michigan; Bois Forte Band (Nett Lake) of the
Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota; Chippewa-Cree Indians of the Rocky
Boy's Reservation, Montana; Citizen Potawatomi Nation, Oklahoma;
Delaware Nation, Oklahoma; Delaware Tribe of Indians, Oklahoma; Eastern
Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma; Fond du Lac Band of the Minnesota Chippewa
Tribe, Minnesota; Forest County Potawatomi Community, Wisconsin; Grand
Portage Band of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota; Grand Traverse
Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians, Michigan; Hannahville Indian
Community, Michigan; Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, Michigan; Kickapoo
Traditional Tribe of Texas; Kickapoo Tribe of Indians of the Kickapoo
Reservation in Kansas; Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma; Lac Courte Oreilles
Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin; Lac du Flambeau
Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians of the Lac du Flambeau
Reservation of Wisconsin; Lac Vieux Desert Band of Lake Superior
Chippewa Indians, Michigan; Leech Lake Band of the Minnesota Chippewa
Tribe, Minnesota; Little River Band of Ottawa Indians, Michigan; Little
Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians, Michigan; Match-e-be-nash-she-wish
Band of Pottawatomi Indians of Michigan; Miami Tribe of Oklahoma; Mille
Lacs Band of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota; Nottawaseppi
Huron Band of the Potawatomi, Michigan (formerly the Huron Potawatomi,
Inc.); Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma; Peoria Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma;
Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians, Michigan and Indiana; Prairie Band
of Potawatomi Nation, Kansas; Quechan Tribe of the Fort Yuma Indian
Reservation, California and Arizona; Red Cliff Band of Lake Superior
Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin; Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians,
Minnesota; Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribe of Michigan; Sault Ste. Marie
Tribe of Chippewa Indians of Michigan; Shawnee Tribe, Oklahoma;
Sokaogon Chippewa Community, Wisconsin; St. Croix Chippewa Indians of
Wisconsin; Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians of North Dakota;
[[Page 73673]]
White Earth Band of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota; and the
Wyandotte Nation, Oklahoma that this notice has been published.
Dated: November 22, 2011.
Sherry Hutt,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. 2011-30626 Filed 11-28-11; 8:45 am]
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