[Federal Register Volume 77, Number 189 (Friday, September 28, 2012)]
[Notices]
[Pages 59643-59646]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2012-23920]
[[Page 59643]]
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
[NPS-WASO-NAGPRA-11195; 2200-1100-665]
Notice of Intent To Repatriate Cultural Items: San Francisco
State University NAGPRA Program, San Francisco, CA
AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior.
ACTION: Notice.
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SUMMARY: The San Francisco State University NAGPRA Program, in
consultation with the appropriate Indian tribe, has determined that the
cultural items meet the definition of unassociated funerary objects,
sacred objects, and objects of cultural patrimony and repatriation to
the Indian tribe stated below may occur if no additional claimants come
forward. Representatives of any Indian tribe that believes itself to be
culturally affiliated with the cultural items may contact the San
Francisco State University NAGPRA Program.
DATES: Representatives of any Indian tribe that believes it has a
cultural affiliation with the cultural items should contact the San
Francisco State University NAGPRA Program at the address below by
October 29, 2012.
ADDRESSES: Jeffrey Boland Fentress, San Francisco State University
NAGPRA Program, c/o Department of Anthropology, San Francisco State
University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94132, telephone
(415) 338-3075.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Notice is here given in accordance with the
Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25
U.S.C. 3005, of the intent to repatriate cultural items in the
possession of the San Francisco State University NAGPRA Program that
meet the definition of unassociated funerary objects, sacred objects,
and objects of cultural patrimony under 25 U.S.C. 3001.
This notice is published as part of the National Park Service's
administrative responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The
determinations in this notice are the sole responsibility of the
museum, institution, or Federal agency that has control of the Native
American cultural items. The National Park Service is not responsible
for the determinations in this notice.
History and Description of the Cultural Items
Based on the request for repatriation submitted by the Federated
Indians of Graton Rancheria, each of the objects below meets the
definition of either unassociated funerary objects, sacred objects, or
objects of cultural patrimony under 25 U.S.C. 3001 and 43 CFR 10.2
(d)(2)(ii), (d)(3), or (d)(4). Through the summary, consultation, and
notification procedures in 43 CFR 10.14, the cultural affiliation of
the cultural items below with the Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria
was established.
Between 1974 and 1975, 1 cultural item was removed from site CA-
MRN-14 in Marin County, CA, by San Francisco State University during an
archaeological field class. The 1 unassociated funerary object is a
soil matrix associated with human remains from Burial 2; the human
remains are not present at San Francisco State University. Radiocarbon
dates and artifact typology indicated the site was occupied from circa
A.D. 50 to the Euro-American contact period and contains Berkeley and
Augustine Pattern components. There is evidence the site was re-
occupied during the post-mission period, circa A.D. 1834.
From 1980 to 1985, 284 cultural items were removed from site CA-
MRN-17, on De Silva Island, in Marin County, CA, by San Francisco State
University staff under the direction of Gary Pahl. Materials from the
excavations were jointly curated by San Francisco State University and
Sonoma State University Anthropological Studies Center until 1998, when
all excavated materials from site CA-MRN-17 were transferred to San
Francisco State University. The 56 sacred objects are 3 charmstones, 37
clamshell beads, 13 lots of olivella shell beads, 1 steatite stone
bead, 1 magnesite stone bead, and 1 cupule rock. The 228 objects of
cultural patrimony are 41 obsidian tools, 8 chert tools, 84 ground
stone tools, 90 bone tools, 1 ear spool, and 4 earplugs. Radiometric
dating indicates the site was occupied from 3480145 B.C. to
A.D. 65115.
At an unknown date, 1 cultural item was removed from site CA-MRN-
74, at San Anselmo, in Marin County, CA. At an unknown date, the object
was donated to the San Francisco State University, Department of
Anthropology, by an unknown person. The 1 object of cultural patrimony
is a single pestle. The age of site CA-MRN-74 is unknown but the site
is located within the historically documented territory of the
Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria, California.
In 1989, 4 cultural items were removed from site CA-MRN-127, near
the Marin Civic Center, in Marin County, CA, by Holman and Associates
during excavations for a county park improvement project. The 4 objects
of cultural patrimony are 2 obsidian tools, 1 chert tool, and l pestle.
A radiocarbon date of A.D.158050, obsidian hydration
readings, and artifact typology date the site from circa A.D. 500 to
the Euro-American contact period and indicate Augustine Pattern
components.
Between 1969 and 1971, 181 cultural items were removed from site
CA-MRN-138, near Miller Creek, in Marin County, CA, by San Francisco
State University staff under the direction of Charles Slaymaker and
Michael Moratto. The 34 sacred objects are 8 clamshell beads, 16
olivella beads, 1 abalone bead, 6 abalone pendants, 1 mica pendant, 1
medicine pestle fragment, and 1 quartz crystal. The 147 objects of
cultural patrimony are 12 ground stone tools, 13 chert tools, 40
obsidian tools, 77 bone tools, 1 shell tool, 1 lithic pendant, 2
steatite ear spools, and 1 wooden spoon fragment. Radiometric dates
obtained from the site ranged from 70095 B.C. to A.D.
23095.
In 1963, 29 cultural items were removed from site CA-MRN-158, on
the west bank of the Pacheco-Miller Creek, in Marin County, CA, by San
Francisco State University staff under the direction of A.E. Treganza.
The 4 sacred objects are 2 stone pestles to grind medicine or paint
used in ceremonies, 1 round ceremonial stone tool, and 1 charmstone.
The 25 objects of cultural patrimony are 6 obsidian tools, 1 chert
tool, 12 ground stone tools, and 6 bone tools. The artifact assemblage
indicates Berkeley and Augustine Pattern components dating from circa
1500 B.C. to the Euro-American contact period.
In 1997, 54 cultural items were removed from site CA-MRN-159,
located along Ignacio Creek on Cielo Lane in Marin County, CA, by
Origer and Associates during construction activities at site. Human
remains from this site were left in situ or re-interred by the
Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria, California. The 42 unassociated
funerary objects are 9 obsidian tools, 31 chert tools, and 2 bone
tools. The 12 objects of cultural patrimony are 6 obsidian tools, 4
chert tools, and 2 mortar fragments. Obsidian hydration dating
indicates the site was occupied circa A.D. 1325 to A.D. 1800 with
Augustine Pattern components.
In 1968, 73 cultural items were removed from site CA-MRN-168
(Pacific Telephone site), in Marin County, CA, by San Francisco State
University staff under the direction of Charles Slaymaker. The 1
unassociated funerary object is an obsidian tool, which was associated
with Burial A; human remains from Burial A are not present at San
Francisco State University. The 20 sacred objects are 2
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stone tools, 1 bone needle, 11 olivella shell beads, 3 charmstones, 2
abalone shell pendants (with 1 or 3 holes), and 1 mica ceremonial
ornament. The 52 objects of cultural patrimony are 1 chert tool, 2
obsidian tools, 13 ground stone tools, 32 bone tools, 2 abalone
pendants (with 2 holes), and 2 baked clay pieces with basket
impressions. Site CA-MRN-168 dates to circa 500 B.C.-A.D. 1000 and
contains Berkeley and Augustine Pattern components.
Between 1970 and 1972, 1,118 cultural items were removed from site
CA-MRN-170 (Ignacio site), in Marin County, CA, by San Francisco State
University staff under the direction of Charles Slaymaker and Michael
Moratto. The 91 unassociated funerary objects are 90 olivella beads and
1 clamshell bead associated with Burials 5 and 6; human remains from
Burials 5 and 6 are not present at San Francisco State University. The
34 sacred objects are 3 stone beads, 10 shell beads, 2 individual and 7
fragments of Abalone pendants (with 1 or 3 holes), 2 ear plugs, 2
knobbed and incised stones, 2 stone pipe bowls, 1 worked mica piece, 1
pine nut bead, 1 paint mortar fragment, and 3 charmstones. The 993
objects of cultural patrimony are 608 bone tools, 34 chert tools, 164
obsidian tools, 99 ground stone tools, 80 shell beads, 7 bone whistles,
and 1 earplug. Radiometric dating and artifact typology indicate site
occupation from circa 500 B.C.-A.D. 1500 with Berkeley and Augustine
Pattern components.
In 1986, 17 cultural items were removed from site CA-MRN-174 on
Deer Island, in Marin County, CA, by Holman and Associates during test
excavations conducted for a proposed flood control project. The 17
sacred objects are 3 obsidian flakes, 1 chert core, 2 chert flakes, 2
lithic flakes, 2 quartz flakes, 2 chert tools, 1 bone awl, 1 burnt
bone, 2 pieces of carved ground schist, and 1 clamshell disc bead. The
age of site CA-MRN-174 is unknown but the site is located within the
historically documented territory of the Federated Indians of Graton
Rancheria. The Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria considers all of
Deer Island to be a sacred site because numerous ceremonial sites with
petroglyphs are located on the island.
In 1957, and between 1971 and 1977, 23 cultural items were removed
from site CA-MRN-193 (Olompali site), in Marin County, CA, by San
Francisco State University staff. The 23 objects of cultural patrimony
are 10 obsidian tools, 9 ground stone tools, 1 chert tool, and 3 bone
tools. Radiometric dating and artifact typology indicate that site
occupation dates from circa A.D. 1500 to the Euro-American contact
period.
In 1955, 15 cultural items were removed from site CA-MRN-254 at
Dominican College, San Rafael, in Marin County, CA, during San
Francisco State University field classes directed by A. E. Treganza.
The 6 sacred objects are 1 round cobble, 3 charmstones, 1 steatite
pendant, and 1 whalebone wedge. The 9 objects of cultural patrimony are
2 bone tools, 1 stone pestle, 5 obsidian tools, and 1 chalcedony flake.
Radiocarbon dates obtained from the site ranged from A.D. 520150 to 183090. Shell bead typological dating and
obsidian hydration readings indicate the site was occupied from circa
500 B.C. to the Euro-American contact period with Berkeley and
Augustine Pattern components.
In 1967, 2 cultural items were removed from site CA-MRN-365 in
Novato, in Marin County, CA, by students from San Francisco State
University and the Novato High School Archaeology Club. The 2 objects
of cultural patrimony are 1 pestle fragment and 1 mortar. Artifact
typology indicates the site dated circa 1000 B.C. to A.D. 1500 with
Berkeley and Augustine Pattern components.
In 1967, 35 cultural items were removed from site CA-MRN-372 in
Bolinas, in Marin County, CA, by A.E. Treganza of San Francisco State
University. The 5 sacred objects are 1 charmstone, 2 abalone shell
pendants (with 1 or 3 holes), 1 pestle, and 1 lot of fossil clamshells.
The 30 objects of cultural patrimony are 11 obsidian tools, 2 chert
tools, 11 ground stone tools, 4 bone tools, and 2 abalone shell
adornments with 2 holes. The age of site CA-MRN-372 is unknown but the
site is located within the historically documented territory of the
Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria.
In 1965, 20 cultural items were removed from site CA-MRN-383 in
Bolinas, in Marin County, CA, by D. A. Fredrickson working with A. E.
Treganza of San Francisco State University. The 20 objects of cultural
patrimony are 9 ground stone tools, 4 obsidian tools, 1 bone tool, 5
olivella shell beads, and 1 historic abalone shell button. The age of
site CA-MRN-383 is unknown but the site is located within the
historically documented territory of the Federated Indians of Graton
Rancheria.
In 1966, 1 cultural item was removed from site CA-MRN-384 in
Novato, in Marin County, CA, by San Francisco State University staff.
The 1 object of cultural patrimony is a pestle. The age of site CA-MRN-
384 is unknown but the site is located within the historically
documented territory of the Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria.
Between 1961 and 1968, 424 cultural items were removed from site
CA-MRN-396 at Preston Point, in Marin County, CA, by W. Beason,
Sacramento State University; Ward Upson, Santa Rosa Junior College,
Santa Rosa, CA; and Mrs. Agnes Gerkin of Sacramento, CA. The 9 sacred
objects are 6 charmstones, 2 abalone pendants, and 1 olivella cup
shaped shell bead. The 415 objects of cultural patrimony are 2 chert
tools, 79 obsidian tools, 35 ground stone tools, 10 bone tools, 1 agate
tool, and 288 olivella beads. Artifact typology indicates the site
dated from circa A.D. 50 to the Euro-American contact period with
Augustine Pattern components.
In 1971, 4,736 cultural items were removed from site CA-MRN-402 in
Nicasio, in Marin County, CA, by San Francisco State University during
an archaeological field class under the direction of Charles Slaymaker
and Winfield Henn. The 18 unassociated funerary objects are 1 chert
drill and 2 quartz crystals (Burial UNK.10); 1 obsidian tool and 1
quartz crystal (Burial UNK.11); and 6 obsidian tools, 4 chert tools, 1
mortar fragment, 1 bone tool, and 1 stone pendant (Burial UNK.12). The
human remain associated with these burials are not present at San
Francisco State University. The 45 sacred objects are 18 clamshell
beads, 6 hairpin fragments, 1 charmstone fragment, 1 steatite earplug,
2 gambling bones, 1 paint mortar, 13 quartz crystals, 1 stone pendant,
and 2 incised bone fragments. The 4,673 objects of cultural patrimony
are 2,169 glass fragments, 6 lots of glass fragments, 119 ceramic
fragments, 1,304 square-cut nails, 7 lots of square-cut nails, 187
metal objects, 51 clothing fasteners, 41 bone tool fragments, 72
obsidian tools, 17 chert tools, 636 trade beads, 2 lots of trade beads,
56 ground stone fragments, 1 bowl mortar, 1 worked bone fragment, 1
incised bone, 1 clam shell disk bead, 1 quartz crystal, and 1 stone
pipe fragment. The site is in the post-Mission period village of Echa-
tamal. Ethnographic accounts and artifact typology indicated the site
was occupied by Native American people from circa A.D. 1100 to 1884.
Site CA-MRN-402 contains Augustine Pattern components along with
ethnohistoric and historic era materials. All the historic period
artifacts are directly associated and coeval with the occupation of the
site by Native American people until 1884.
In 1992, 9 cultural items were removed from site CA-MRN-611, East
Marin Island, in Marin County, CA, during an archaeological field class
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under the direction of Ed Luby. The 4 sacred objects are charmstones.
The 5 objects of cultural patrimony are 1 obsidian tool, 2 bone tools,
1 ground stone fragment, and 1 bone adornment. Radiometric dates,
obsidian hydration readings, and artifact typology indicate site
occupation from circa A.D. 200 to A.D. 1510 with Berkeley and Augustine
Pattern components.
In 1955, one cultural item was removed from the ``Convent Site'' in
Marin County, CA, according to San Francisco State University records.
The ``Convent Site'' is another name for site CA-MRN-254 located at
Dominican College, San Rafael, in Marin County, CA. Other cultural
items from site CA-MRN-254 are listed separately in this notice. The 1
object of cultural patrimony is a ``show mortar.'' Radiocarbon dates
obtained from site CA-MRN-254 ranged from A.D. 520150 to
183090. Shell bead typological dating and obsidian
hydration readings indicate the site was occupied from circa 500 B.C.
to the Euro-American contact period with Berkeley and Augustine Pattern
components.
At an unknown date, 8 cultural items were removed from site CA-MRN-
UNK (Nicasio Creek), in Marin County, CA. The only information
concerning site CA-MRN-UNK (Nicasio Creek) collections are various
catalogue entries in the Treganza Anthropology Museum catalogue labeled
``Nicasio Creek,'' ``Nicasio Site,'' and ``Nacasio.'' The entries were
all found on a catalogue sheet dated Fall 1963, and the collector was
L.L. Valdivia, a collaborator of A. E. Treganza of San Francisco State
University. The exact provenance for the artifacts from site CA-MRN-UNK
(Nicasio Creek) is unknown. There are at least 11 Native American sites
located along Nicasio Creek and in the vicinity of the town of Nicasio,
including site CA-MRN-402, listed separately in this notice. The 2
unassociated funerary objects are 2 purposely broken or ``killed''
mortars. According to ethnographic accounts and consultation, the Coast
Miwok ritually broke mortars by putting a hole in the base after the
death of the owner. The 6 objects of cultural patrimony are 5 mortars
and 1 pestle. The age of the site is unknown but the site is located
within the historically documented territory of the Federated Indians
of Graton Rancheria.
At an unknown date, 1 cultural item was removed from an unrecorded
archaeological site in San Anselmo, in Marin County, CA. The item was
donated to the San Francisco State University Department of
Anthropology by an unknown person at an unknown date. The 1 object of
cultural patrimony is a mortar. The age of site CA-MRN-UNK (San
Anselmo) is unknown but the site is located within the historically
documented territory of the Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria.
In 1973, 4 cultural items were removed from site CA-SON-24 (Melita
site), east of Santa Rosa, in Sonoma County, CA. The items were donated
to the San Francisco State University Department of Anthropology by an
unknown person at an unknown date. The 4 objects of cultural patrimony
are obsidian tools. The age of site CA-SON-24 is unknown but the site
is located within the historically documented territory of the
Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria.
In 1977, 6 cultural items were removed from site CA-SON-58 (Jesse
Peters site), Kenwood, in Sonoma County, CA. The cultural items were
donated to the San Francisco State University Department of
Anthropology by an unknown person at an unknown date. The 1
unassociated funerary object is a burned mortar fragment. According to
ethnographic accounts and consultation, the Coast Miwok ritually burned
mortars and other important cultural items after the death of the
owner. The 5 objects of cultural patrimony are 1 mortar fragment, 3
obsidian tools, and 1 worked stone. The age of site CA-SON-58 is
unknown but the site is located within the historically documented
territory of the Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria.
In 1997, 19 cultural items were removed from site CA-SON-227, at
Sears Point Raceway, in Sonoma County, CA, by Origer and Associates
during test excavations conducted for proposed raceway improvement
projects. The 1 sacred object is a Limpet shell bead. The 18 objects of
cultural patrimony are 9 obsidian tools, 1 pestle fragment, 4 mussel
shell spoon fragments, and 4 bone awl fragments. Obsidian hydrations
readings and artifact typology indicates the site was occupied circa
A.D. 1000-A.D 1800 with Augustine Period components.
In 1997, 30 cultural items were removed from site CA-SON-2226, at
Sears Point Raceway, in Sonoma County, CA, by Origer and Associates
during test excavations conducted for proposed raceway improvement
projects. The 5 sacred objects are 2 schist charmstones, 1 schist
hammer stone, 1 arkose hand stone, and 1 basalt hand stone. The 25
objects of cultural patrimony are 19 obsidian tools, 1 chert tool, 1
sandstone pestle, 1 basalt mortar fragment, 1 basalt hand stone
fragment, and 2 basalt flaked stone tools. Based on obsidian hydrations
readings and artifact typology, the site was occupied during three time
periods: 1150 B.C.-150 B.C., A.D. 500-A.D. 900, and A.D. 1475-A.D. 1800
with Berkeley and Augustine Pattern Components.
Determinations Made by the San Francisco State University NAGPRA
Program
Officials of the San Francisco State University NAGPRA Program,
have determined that:
Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(B), the 156 unassociated
funerary objects described above are reasonably believed to have been
placed with or near individual human remains at the time of death or
later as part of the death rite or ceremony and are believed, by a
preponderance of the evidence, to have been removed from a specific
burial site of a Native American individual.
Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(C), the 240 sacred objects
described above are specific ceremonial objects needed by traditional
Native American religious leaders for the practice of traditional
Native American religions by their present-day adherents.
Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(D), the 6,700 objects of
cultural patrimony described above have ongoing historical,
traditional, or cultural importance central to the Native American
group or culture itself, rather than property owned by an individual.
Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), there is a relationship of
shared group identity that can be reasonably traced between the
unassociated funerary objects, sacred objects, and objects of cultural
patrimony and the Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria.
Additional Requestors and Disposition
Representatives of any other Indian tribe that believes itself to
be culturally affiliated with the unassociated funerary objects, sacred
objects, or objects of cultural patrimony should contact Jeffrey Boland
Fentress, San Francisco State University NAGPRA Program, c/o Department
of Anthropology, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue,
San Francisco, CA 94132, telephone (415) 338-3075 before October 29,
2012. Repatriation of the unassociated funerary objects, sacred
objects, and objects of cultural patrimony to the Federated Indians of
Graton Rancheria may proceed after that date if no additional claimants
come forward.
The San Francisco State University NAGPRA Program, San Francisco,
CA, is responsible for notifying Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria,
California and the Dry Creek Rancheria Band of
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Pomo Indians, California that this notice has been published.
Dated: August 30, 2012.
Sherry Hutt,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. 2012-23920 Filed 9-27-12; 8:45 am]
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