[Federal Register Volume 79, Number 172 (Friday, September 5, 2014)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 52990-52994]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2014-21109]
[[Page 52990]]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 180
[EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0073; FRL-9914-18]
Sulfuric Acid; Exemption From the Requirement of a Tolerance
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: This regulation establishes an exemption from the requirement
of a tolerance for residues of sulfuric acid (CAS Reg. No. 7664-93-9),
when used as an inert ingredient, in antimicrobial formulations, on
food-contact surfaces in public eating places, dairy-processing
equipment, and food-processing equipment and utensils. Exponent, Inc.,
on behalf of Ecolab, Inc., submitted a petition to EPA under the
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA), requesting establishment
of an exemption from the requirement of a tolerance. This regulation
eliminates the need to establish a maximum permissible level for
residues of sulfuric acid.
DATES: This regulation is effective September 5, 2014. Objections and
requests for hearings must be received on or before November 4, 2014
and must be filed in accordance with the instructions provided in 40
CFR part 178 (see also Unit I.C. of the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION).
ADDRESSES: The docket for this action, identified by docket
identification (ID) number EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0073, is available at http://www.regulations.gov or at the Office of Pesticide Programs Regulatory
Public Docket (OPP Docket) in the Environmental Protection Agency
Docket Center (EPA/DC), West William Jefferson Clinton Bldg., Rm. 3334,
1301 Constitution Ave. NW., Washington, DC 20460-0001. The Public
Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through
Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the Public
Reading Room is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the OPP
Docket is (703) 305-5805. Please review the visitor instructions and
additional information about the docket available at http://www.epa.gov/dockets.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Lois Rossi, Registration Division
(7505P), Office of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Protection Agency,
1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW., Washington, DC 20460-0001; main telephone
number: (703) 305-7090; email address: [email protected].
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. General Information
A. Does this action apply to me?
You may be potentially affected by this action if you are an
agricultural producer, food manufacturer, or pesticide manufacturer.
The following list of North American Industrial Classification System
(NAICS) codes is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a
guide to help readers determine whether this document applies to them.
Potentially affected entities may include:
Crop production (NAICS code 111).
Animal production (NAICS code 112).
Food manufacturing (NAICS code 311).
Pesticide manufacturing (NAICS code 32532).
B. How can I get electronic access to other related information?
You may access a frequently updated electronic version of 40 CFR
part 180 through the Government Printing Office's e-CFR site at http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?&c=ecfr&tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40tab_02.tpl.
C. How can I file an objection or hearing request?
Under FFDCA section 408(g), 21 U.S.C. 346a, any person may file an
objection to any aspect of this regulation and may also request a
hearing on those objections. You must file your objection or request a
hearing on this regulation in accordance with the instructions provided
in 40 CFR part 178. To ensure proper receipt by EPA, you must identify
docket ID number EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0073 in the subject line on the first
page of your submission. All objections and requests for a hearing must
be in writing, and must be received by the Hearing Clerk on or before
November 4, 2014. Addresses for mail and hand delivery of objections
and hearing requests are provided in 40 CFR 178.25(b).
In addition to filing an objection or hearing request with the
Hearing Clerk as described in 40 CFR part 178, please submit a copy of
the filing (excluding any Confidential Business Information (CBI)) for
inclusion in the public docket. Information not marked confidential
pursuant to 40 CFR part 2 may be disclosed publicly by EPA without
prior notice. Submit the non-CBI copy of your objection or hearing
request, identified by docket ID number EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0073, by one of
the following methods:
Federal eRulemaking Portal: http://www.regulations.gov.
Follow the online instructions for submitting comments. Do not submit
electronically any information you consider to be CBI or other
information whose disclosure is restricted by statute.
Mail: OPP Docket, Environmental Protection Agency Docket
Center (EPA/DC), (28221T), 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW., Washington, DC
20460-0001.
Hand Delivery: To make special arrangements for hand
delivery or delivery of boxed information, please follow the
instructions at http://www.epa.gov/dockets/contacts.html.
Additional instructions on commenting or visiting the docket, along
with more information about dockets generally, is available at http://www.epa.gov/dockets.
II. Petition for Exemption
In the Federal Register of February 25, 2014 (79 FR 10458) (FRL-
9906-77), EPA issued a document pursuant to FFDCA section 408, 21
U.S.C. 346a, announcing the filing of a pesticide petition (PP IN-
10654) by Exponent, Inc. (1150 Connecticut Ave. NW., Washington, DC
20036), on behalf of Ecolab, Inc., 370 N. Wasbasha St., St. Paul, MN
55102. The petition requested that 40 CFR 180.940 be amended by
establishing an exemption from the requirement of a tolerance for
residues of sulfuric acid (CAS Reg. No. 7664-93-9) when used as an
inert ingredient in antimicrobial formulations applied on food-contact
surfaces in public eating places, dairy-processing equipment, and food-
processing equipment and utensils up to 600 parts per million (ppm) in
end use formulations. That document referenced a summary of the
petition prepared by Exponent, Inc., on behalf of Ecolab, Inc., the
petitioner, which is available in the docket, http://www.regulations.gov. There were no comments received in response to the
notice of filing.
III. Inert Ingredient Definition
Inert ingredients are all ingredients that are not active
ingredients as defined in 40 CFR 153.125 and include, but are not
limited to, the following types of ingredients (except when they have a
pesticidal efficacy of their own): Solvents such as alcohols and
hydrocarbons; surfactants such as polyoxyethylene polymers and fatty
acids; carriers such as clay and diatomaceous earth; thickeners such as
carrageenan and modified cellulose; wetting, spreading, and dispersing
agents; propellants in aerosol dispensers; microencapsulating agents;
and emulsifiers. The term ``inert'' is not intended to imply
nontoxicity; the ingredient may or may not be
[[Page 52991]]
chemically active. Generally, EPA has exempted inert ingredients from
the requirement of a tolerance based on the low toxicity of the
individual inert ingredients.
IV. Aggregate Risk Assessment and Determination of Safety
Section 408(c)(2)(A)(i) of FFDCA allows EPA to establish an
exemption from the requirement for a tolerance (the legal limit for a
pesticide chemical residue in or on a food) only if EPA determines that
the tolerance is ``safe.'' Section 408(b)(2)(A)(ii) of FFDCA defines
``safe'' to mean that ``there is a reasonable certainty that no harm
will result from aggregate exposure to the pesticide chemical residue,
including all anticipated dietary exposures and all other exposures for
which there is reliable information.'' This includes exposure through
drinking water and in residential settings, but does not include
occupational exposure. Section 408(b)(2)(C) of FFDCA requires EPA to
give special consideration to exposure of infants and children to the
pesticide chemical residue in establishing a tolerance and to ``ensure
that there is a reasonable certainty that no harm will result to
infants and children from aggregate exposure to the pesticide chemical
residue . . . ''
EPA establishes exemptions from the requirement of a tolerance only
in those cases where it can be clearly demonstrated that the risks from
aggregate exposure to pesticide chemical residues under reasonably
foreseeable circumstances will pose no appreciable risks to human
health. In order to determine the risks from aggregate exposure to
pesticide inert ingredients, the Agency considers the toxicity of the
inert in conjunction with possible exposure to residues of the inert
ingredient through food, drinking water, and through other exposures
that occur as a result of pesticide use in residential settings. If EPA
is able to determine that a finite tolerance is not necessary to ensure
that there is a reasonable certainty that no harm will result from
aggregate exposure to the inert ingredient, an exemption from the
requirement of a tolerance may be established.
Consistent with FFDCA section 408(c)(2)(A), and the factors
specified in FFDCA section 408(c)(2)(B), EPA has reviewed the available
scientific data and other relevant information in support of this
action. EPA has sufficient data to assess the hazards of and to make a
determination on aggregate exposure for sulfuric acid including
exposure resulting from the exemption established by this action. EPA's
assessment of exposures and risks associated with sulfuric acid
follows.
A. Toxicological Profile
EPA has evaluated the available toxicity data and considered their
validity, completeness, and reliability as well as the relationship of
the results of the studies to human risk. EPA has also considered
available information concerning the variability of the sensitivities
of major identifiable subgroups of consumers, including infants and
children. Specific information on the studies received and the nature
of the adverse effects caused by sulfuric acid as well as the no-
observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) and the lowest-observed-adverse-
effect-level (LOAEL) from the toxicity studies are discussed in this
unit.
In formulating a pesticide product, an acidic chemical such as
sulfuric acid serves a specific purpose, that of a neutralizing agent
or a pH adjuster. During the manufacture of a pesticide product (or, in
fact, many industrial chemicals), it may be necessary to adjust the pH
of the product. An acid functions as a neutralizing agent when the
hydrogen ion (H+ 1) combines with the hydroxy (OH-) in a basic solution
to form a molecule of water. Small amounts of the hydrogen ion would be
added to the solution to lower the pH until a neutral pH is reached.
After the pH adjustment is performed and the neutralization reaction
occurs, sulfuric acid is no longer present. The reaction products that
are then present are the sulfate (II) negatively charged ion and water.
Alternatively, it might be necessary to have a pesticide product
maintain an acidic pH; thus, the sulfuric acid would be added during
the manufacturing process to deliberately lower the pH, which would
mean an excess of the hydrogen ion. Such products are not likely to be
sold to the residential market.
As a chemical class, acids are significantly different from many of
the chemicals regulated as inert ingredients in pesticide products.
First, acids are highly corrosive. Due to this property, toxicity
testing can only be performed on very diluted solutions. Therefore,
toxicity studies performed with undiluted (concentrated) sulfuric acid
are not available. Second, acids are highly reactive, and therefore are
not expected to be persistent in the food supply, the environment, or
in water resources. Sulfuric acid would be expected to dissociate and
immediately react with both plant and animal materials.
Chemically, an acid is a substance that yields a hydrogen (H+1) ion
when dissolved in water. The increase of the concentration of the H+ 1
ion reduces the pH. It is the hydrogen ion that is highly reactive,
thus displaying the corrosive characteristic. The consequences of acute
exposure to acids are well understood; they are corrosive to the eyes,
the skin, and the respiratory tract. The hazard of any acidic chemical
derives directly from and is due to these irritation and acidic
effects.
Sulfuric acid is a strong acid. It is also a commonly used
chemical. It has been used for years, and therefore, there is a
significant body of existing publicly available information.
Solutions of sulfuric acid greater than 10% are severely
corrosive by all routes of exposure.
Solutions of sulfuric acid of less than 10% are strong
irritants.
There is sufficient evidence that occupational exposure to
strong-inorganic-acid mists containing sulfuric acid is carcinogenic
(International Agency for Research on Cancer).
There were no significant developmental or reproductive
effects in mice or rabbits exposed to 20 milligram/cubic meter (mg/m3)
sulfuric acid aerosols 7 hours per day on gestation days 6 to 15
(Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease (ATSDR)).
In fact, available data for sulfuric acid indicates that the acute
oral and dermal toxicity of sulfuric acid is moderate; the acute
inhalation lethal concentration (LC50) is 18 mg/m3 in guinea
pigs; and that sulfuric acid is corrosive to the eyes and skin in
rabbits.
However, as noted above, exposure to sulfuric acid in pesticide
products as an inert ingredient would be in the role of a pH adjuster,
that is, a liquid form, not a mist. As an inert ingredient small
amounts of sulfuric acid are incorporated in a pesticide product to
lower the pH. After the pH adjustment is performed, the sulfuric acid
would be neutralized, and therefore no longer present. It is recognized
that sulfuric acid must be used and applied according to good
manufacturing or good agricultural practices.
There are no available information on sulfuric acid indicative of a
human health hazard from the ingestion of food directly treated with
sulfuric acid. In fact, sulfuric acid would not be present in consumed
foods. The small amounts of acids that might be added to a food during
processing react rapidly with a food substance. Thus, the exposure is
actually to sulfate residues.
In aqueous environments, sulfuric acid will rapidly dissociate into
sulfate ions and hydrogen protons. The sulfate
[[Page 52992]]
anion, which is a normal constituent in the body, predominantly
resulting from the body's metabolism of sulfur-containing food sources
such as foods containing the essential amino acids cysteine and
methionine, will enter the body electrolyte pool. Sulfate anions are
vital components in a number of human biosynthetic pathways such as
cartilage production and the formation of pancreatic digestive enzymes.
Additionally, the sulfate anion is also an important conjugate in the
Phase II conjugation/elimination of oxidized (OH) aromatic ring
metabolites and for hydroxyl steroid hormones, such as estrogen, where
it acts as a transport agent to target organ tissue receptors.
Following ingestion, sulfate anions are predominantly not absorbed from
the gastrointestinal tract and are excreted unchanged in urine.
Therefore, the sulfate anion is unlikely to pose significant toxicity.
The sulfate residues (resulting from the use of sulfuric acid) are
of minimal toxicity. In fact, calcium, sodium, magnesium, and potassium
sulfates have been previously classified as List 4A, chemical
substances of minimal risk. Various sulfate chemicals have uses as
direct food additives. The human body metabolizes sulfate through well-
understood pathways. It is a necessary human nutrient. There are no
significant adverse effects, to the general public or any population
subgroup from consumption of residues of sulfuric acid (actually the
neutralized form which is the sulfate ion in solution) resulting from
pesticide product uses.
Sulfuric acid was not mutagenic in the Ames Test. It caused
chromosomal aberrations in a non-bacterial test in vitro. However, it
is well known that the aberrations were a consequence of reduced pH.
Neither a neurotoxicity nor an immunotoxicity study was available
for review. However, any sulfuric acid absorbed into the body would be
in the form of inorganic sulfate, which is indistinguishable from
endogenous sulfate. As a normal body constituent, sulfate is unlikely
to be neurotoxic or immunotoxic.
B. Toxicological Points of Departure/Levels of Concern
Based on the low potential hazard, toxicological endpoints of
concern have not been identified for sulfuric acid. Thus, due to its
low potential hazard and lack of hazard endpoint, the Agency has
determined that a quantitative risk assessment using safety factors
applied to a point of departure protective of an identified hazard
endpoint is not appropriate.
C. Exposure Assessment
1. Dietary exposure from food and feed uses and drinking water. In
evaluating dietary exposure to sulfuric acid, EPA considered exposure
under the proposed exemption from the requirement of a tolerance. EPA
assessed dietary exposures from sulfuric acid in food as follows:
Dietary exposure (food and drinking water) to sulfuric acid can
occur following ingestion of foods with residues from food-contact
surface sanitizing solutions for public eating places, treated dairy-
and food-processing equipment and utensils; pre- and post-harvest crop
uses and as a direct food additives. However, a quantitative dietary
exposure assessment was not conducted since an endpoint for risk
assessment was not identified.
2. From non-dietary exposure. The term ``residential exposure'' is
used in this document to refer to non-occupational, non-dietary
exposure (e.g., textiles (clothing and diapers), carpets, swimming
pools, and hard surface disinfection on walls, floors, tables).
Residential (dermal and inhalation) exposure are not expected from
the current requested use pattern. However, residential (dermal and
inhalation) exposure can occur from the use of consumer products
containing sulfuric acid (i.e., stain remover, drain solutions). Since
an endpoint for risk assessment was not identified, a quantitative
residential exposure assessment for sulfuric acid was not conducted.
3. Cumulative effects from substances with a common mechanism of
toxicity. Section 408(b)(2)(D)(v) of FFDCA requires that, when
considering whether to establish, modify, or revoke a tolerance, the
Agency consider ``available information'' concerning the cumulative
effects of a particular pesticide's residues and ``other substances
that have a common mechanism of toxicity.''
EPA has not found sulfuric acid to share a common mechanism of
toxicity with any other substances, and sulfuric acid does not appear
to produce a toxic metabolite produced by other substances. For the
purposes of this tolerance action, therefore, EPA has assumed that
sulfuric acid does not have a common mechanism of toxicity with other
substances. For information regarding EPA's efforts to determine which
chemicals have a common mechanism of toxicity and to evaluate the
cumulative effects of such chemicals, see EPA's Web site at http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/cumulative.
D. Safety Factor for Infants and Children
Section 408(b)(2)(C) of FFDCA provides that EPA shall apply an
additional tenfold (10x) margin of safety for infants and children in
the case of threshold effects to account for prenatal and postnatal
toxicity and the completeness of the database on toxicity and exposure
unless EPA determines based on reliable data that a different margin of
safety will be safe for infants and children. This additional margin of
safety is commonly referred to as the Food Quality Protection Act
Safety Factor (FQPA SF). In applying this provision, EPA either retains
the default value of 10x, or uses a different additional SF when
reliable data available to EPA support the choice of a different
factor.
As part of its qualitative assessment, the Agency did not use SFs
for assessing risk, and no additional SF is needed for assessing risk
to infants and children. Based on an assessment of sulfuric acid and
its chemical properties, EPA has concluded that there are no
toxicological endpoints of concern for the U.S. population, including
infants and children.
E. Aggregate Risks and Determination of Safety
In examining aggregate exposure, EPA takes into account the
available and reliable information concerning exposures to pesticide
residues in food and drinking water, and non-occupational pesticide
exposures. Dietary (food and drinking water) and non-dietary
(residential) exposures of concern are not anticipated for sulfuric
acid because it dissociates to ions in water, these ions are essential
components in the human metabolic processes and there are no toxicity
issues. In addition, it is currently exempted from the requirement of a
tolerance (with limitations) under 40 CFR 180.940(b) and (c); 40 CFR
180.910 and 40 CFR 180.1019. Further, the Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) considers sulfuric acid as generally recognized as safe (GRAS)
for use in foods and drinking water. Taking into consideration all
available information on sulfuric acid up to 600 ppm, EPA has
determined that there is a reasonable certainty that no harm to any
population subgroup will result from aggregate exposure to sulfuric
acid under reasonable foreseeable circumstances. Therefore, the
establishment of an exemption from tolerance under 40 CFR
[[Page 52993]]
180.940 for residues of sulfuric acid when used as an inert ingredient
in pesticide formulations on food contact surfaces in public eating
places, dairy processing equipment and food processing equipment and
utensils up to 600 ppm in antimicrobial formulations, is safe under
FFDCA section 408.
V. Other Considerations
Analytical Enforcement Methodology
An analytical method is not required for enforcement purposes since
the Agency is establishing an exemption from the requirement of a
tolerance without any numerical limitation.
VI. Conclusions
Therefore, an exemption from the requirement of a tolerance is
established under 40 CFR 180.940 for sulfuric acid (CAS Reg. No. 7664-
93-9) when used as an inert ingredient in microbial formulations
applied on food-contact surfaces in public eating places, dairy-
processing equipment and food-processing equipment and utensils up to
600 ppm.
Paragraph (b) of 40 CFR 180.940 contains an entry exempting
residues of sulfuric acid in antimicrobial formulations applied to
dairy-processing equipment and food-processing equipment and utensils
up to 288 ppm, and paragraph (c) of 40 CFR 180.940 contains an entry
exempting residues of sulfuric acid in antimicrobial formulations
applied to food-processing equipment and utensils at concentrations not
to exceed 228 ppm. Because EPA is establishing an exemption for
residues of sulfuric acid in paragraph (a) of 40 CFR 180.940, which
would exempt residues of sulfuric acid in antimicrobial formulations
applied to food-contact surfaces in public eating places, dairy-
processing equipment, and food-processing equipment and utensils at
concentrations not to exceed 600 ppm, this exemption supersedes the
current exemptions in paragraphs (b) and (c) of 40 CFR 180.940. To
avoid confusion caused by inconsistency between the paragraphs and
because all residues covered under 40 CFR 180.940(b) and (c) would also
be covered under 40 CFR 180.940(a), EPA is removing the entries for
sulfuric acid (CAS Reg. No. 7664-93-9) in 40 CFR 180.940(b) and (c).
VII. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
This final rule establishes a tolerance under FFDCA section 408(d)
in response to a petition submitted to the Agency. The Office of
Management and Budget (OMB) has exempted these types of actions from
review under Executive Order 12866, entitled ``Regulatory Planning and
Review'' (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993). Because this final rule has
been exempted from review under Executive Order 12866, this final rule
is not subject to Executive Order 13211, entitled ``Actions Concerning
Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or
Use'' (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001) or Executive Order 13045, entitled
``Protection of Children from Environmental Health Risks and Safety
Risks'' (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997). This final rule does not contain
any information collections subject to OMB approval under the Paperwork
Reduction Act (PRA) (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.), nor does it require any
special considerations under Executive Order 12898, entitled ``Federal
Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and
Low-Income Populations'' (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
Since tolerances and exemptions that are established on the basis
of a petition under FFDCA section 408(d), such as the tolerance in this
final rule, do not require the issuance of a proposed rule, the
requirements of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) (5 U.S.C. 601 et
seq.), do not apply.
This final rule directly regulates growers, food processors, food
handlers, and food retailers, not States or Tribes, nor does this
action alter the relationships or distribution of power and
responsibilities established by Congress in the preemption provisions
of FFDCA section 408(n)(4). As such, the Agency has determined that
this action will not have a substantial direct effect on States or
tribal governments, on the relationship between the national government
and the States or tribal governments, or on the distribution of power
and responsibilities among the various levels of government or between
the Federal Government and Indian tribes. Thus, the Agency has
determined that Executive Order 13132, entitled ``Federalism'' (64 FR
43255, August 10, 1999) and Executive Order 13175, entitled
``Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments'' (65 FR
67249, November 9, 2000) do not apply to this final rule. In addition,
this final rule does not impose any enforceable duty or contain any
unfunded mandate as described under Title II of the Unfunded Mandates
Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA) (2 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.).
This action does not involve any technical standards that would
require Agency consideration of voluntary consensus standards pursuant
to section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement
Act of 1995 (NTTAA) (15 U.S.C. 272 note).
VIII. Congressional Review Act
Pursuant to the Congressional Review Act (5 U.S.C. 801 et seq.),
EPA will submit a report containing this rule and other required
information to the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House of Representatives, and
the Comptroller General of the United States prior to publication of
the rule in the Federal Register. This action is not a ``major rule''
as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 180
Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure,
Agricultural commodities, Pesticides and pests, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements.
Dated: August 25, 2014.
Lois Rossi,
Director, Registration Division, Office of Pesticide Programs.
Therefore, 40 CFR chapter I is amended as follows:
PART 180--[AMENDED]
0
1. The authority citation for part 180 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 21 U.S.C. 321(q), 346a and 371.
0
2. In Sec. 180.940:
0
a. Alphabetically add the following inert ingredient to the table in
paragraph (a).
0
b. Remove the entries for sulfuric acid (CAS Reg. No. 7664-93-9) from
the tables in paragraphs (b) and (c).
The addition reads as follows:
Sec. 180.940 Tolerance exemptions for active and inert ingredients
for use in antimicrobial formulations (Food-contact surface sanitizing
solutions).
* * * * *
(a) * * *
[[Page 52994]]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pesticide chemical CAS Reg. No. Uses
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * * * *
Sulfuric acid........................... 7664-93-9.................. Food-contact surfaces in public eating
places, dairy-processing equipment, and
food-processing equipment and utensils
in antimicrobial formulations. Not to
exceed 600 ppm.
* * * * * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * *
[FR Doc. 2014-21109 Filed 9-4-14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P