[Federal Register Volume 79, Number 247 (Wednesday, December 24, 2014)]
[Notices]
[Pages 77500-77515]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2014-30108]
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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Food and Drug Administration
[Docket No. FDA-2014-N-2104]
Authorizations of Emergency Use of In Vitro Diagnostic Devices
for Detection of Ebola Zaire Virus; Availability
AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS.
ACTION: Notice.
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SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is announcing the
issuance of two Emergency Use Authorizations (EUAs) (the
Authorizations) for two in vitro diagnostic devices for detection of
the Ebola Zaire virus. FDA is issuing these Authorizations under the
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the FD&C Act), as requested by
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The
Authorizations contain, among other things, conditions on the emergency
use of the authorized in vitro diagnostic devices. The Authorizations
follow the September 22, 2006, determination by then-Secretary of the
Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Michael Chertoff, that the Ebola
virus presents a material threat against the U.S. population sufficient
to affect national security. On the basis of such determination, the
Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) declared on August 5,
2014, that circumstances exist justifying the authorization of
emergency use of in vitro diagnostics for detection of Ebola virus
subject to the terms of any authorization issued under the FD&C Act.
The Authorizations, which include an explanation of the reasons for
issuance, are reprinted in this document.
DATES: The Authorizations are effective as of October 10, 2014.
ADDRESSES: Submit written requests for single copies of the EUAs to the
Office of Counterterrorism and Emerging Threats, Food and Drug
Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 1, Rm. 4338, Silver
Spring, MD 20993-0002. Send one self-addressed adhesive label to assist
that office in processing your request or include a fax number to which
the Authorizations may be sent. See the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
section for electronic access to the Authorizations.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Luciana Borio, Assistant Commissioner
for Counterterrorism Policy, Office of Counterterrorism and Emerging
Threats, and Acting Deputy Chief Scientist, Food and Drug
Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 1, Rm. 4340, Silver
Spring, MD 20993-0002, 301-796-8510 (this is not a toll free number).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
Section 564 of the FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. 360bbb-3) as amended by the
Project BioShield Act of 2004 (Pub. L. 108-276) and the Pandemic and
All-Hazards Preparedness Reauthorization Act of 2013 (Pub. L. 113-5)
allows FDA to strengthen the public health protections against
biological, chemical, nuclear, and radiological agents. Among other
things, section 564 of the FD&C Act allows FDA to authorize the use of
an unapproved medical product or an unapproved use of an approved
medical product in certain situations. With this EUA authority, FDA can
help assure that medical countermeasures may be used in emergencies to
diagnose, treat, or prevent serious or life-threatening diseases or
conditions caused by biological, chemical, nuclear, or radiological
agents when there are no adequate, approved, and available
alternatives.
Section 564(b)(1) of the FD&C Act provides that, before an EUA may
be issued, the Secretary of HHS must declare that circumstances exist
justifying the authorization based on one of the following grounds: (1)
A determination by the Secretary of Homeland Security that there is a
domestic emergency, or a significant potential for a domestic
emergency, involving a heightened risk of attack with a biological,
chemical, radiological, or nuclear agent or agents; (2) a determination
by the Secretary of Defense that there is a military emergency, or a
significant potential for a military emergency, involving a heightened
risk to U.S. military forces of attack with a biological, chemical,
radiological, or nuclear agent or agents; (3) a determination by the
Secretary of HHS that there is a public health emergency, or a
significant potential for a public health emergency, that affects, or
has a significant potential to affect, national security or the health
and security of U.S. citizens living abroad, and that involves a
biological, chemical, radiological, or nuclear agent or agents, or a
disease or condition that may be attributable to such agent or agents;
or (4) the identification of a material threat by the Secretary of
Homeland Security under section 319F-2 of the Public Health Service
(PHS) Act (42 U.S.C. 247d-6b) sufficient to affect national security or
the health and security of U.S. citizens living abroad.
Once the Secretary of HHS has declared that circumstances exist
justifying an authorization under section 564 of the FD&C Act, FDA may
authorize the emergency use of a drug, device, or biological product if
the Agency concludes that the statutory criteria are satisfied. Under
section 564(h)(1) of the FD&C Act, FDA is required to publish in the
Federal Register a notice of each authorization, and each termination
or revocation of an authorization, and an explanation of the reasons
for the action. Section 564 of the FD&C Act permits FDA to authorize
the introduction into interstate commerce of a drug, device, or
biological product intended for use when the Secretary of HHS has
declared that circumstances exist justifying the authorization of
emergency use. Products appropriate for emergency use may include
products and uses that are not approved, cleared, or licensed under
sections 505, 510(k), or 515 of the FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. 355, 360(k),
and 360e) or section 351 of the PHS Act (42 U.S.C. 262). FDA may issue
an EUA only if, after consultation with the HHS Assistant Secretary for
Preparedness and Response, the Director of the National Institutes of
Health, and the Director of the CDC (to the extent feasible and
appropriate given the applicable circumstances), FDA \1\ concludes: (1)
That an agent referred to in a declaration of emergency or threat can
cause a serious or life-threatening disease or condition; (2) that,
based on the totality of scientific evidence available to FDA,
including data from adequate and well-controlled clinical trials, if
available, it is reasonable to believe that: (A) The product may be
effective in diagnosing, treating, or preventing (i) such disease or
condition; or (ii) a serious or life-threatening disease or condition
caused by a product authorized under section 564, approved or cleared
under the FD&C Act, or licensed under section 351 of the PHS Act, for
diagnosing, treating, or preventing such a disease or condition caused
by such an agent; and (B) the known and potential benefits of the
product, when used to diagnose, prevent, or treat such disease or
condition, outweigh the known and potential risks of the product,
taking into consideration the material threat posed by the agent or
agents identified
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in a declaration under section 564(b)(1)(D) of the FD&C Act, if
applicable; (3) that there is no adequate, approved, and available
alternative to the product for diagnosing, preventing, or treating such
disease or condition; and (4) that such other criteria as may be
prescribed by regulation are satisfied.
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\1\ The Secretary of HHS has delegated the authority to issue an
EUA under section 564 of the FD&C Act to the Commissioner of Food
and Drugs.
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No other criteria for issuance have been prescribed by regulation
under section 564(c)(4) of the FD&C Act. Because the statute is self-
executing, regulations or guidance are not required for FDA to
implement the EUA authority.
II. EUA Requests for In Vitro Diagnostic Devices for Detection of the
Ebola Zaire Virus
On September 22, 2006, then-Secretary of Homeland Security, Michael
Chertoff, determined that the Ebola virus presents a material threat
against the U.S. population sufficient to affect national security.\2\
On August 5, 2014, under section 564(b)(1) of the FD&C Act, and on the
basis of such determination, the Secretary of HHS declared that
circumstances exist justifying the authorization of emergency use of in
vitro diagnostics for detection of Ebola virus, subject to the terms of
any authorization issued under section 564 of the FD&C Act. Notice of
the declaration of the Secretary was published in the Federal Register
on August 12, 2014 (79 FR 47141). On October 8, 2014, CDC submitted
complete requests for, and on October 10, 2014, FDA issued, an EUA for
the CDC Ebola Virus VP40 Real-time RT-PCR Assay and an EUA for the CDC
Ebola Virus NP Real-time RT-PCR Assay, subject to the terms of these
authorizations.
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\2\ Under section 564(b)(1) of the FD&C Act, the HHS Secretary's
declaration that supports EUA issuance must be based on one of four
determinations, including the identification by the DHS Secretary of
a material threat under section 319F-2 of the PHS Act sufficient to
affect national security or the health and security of U.S. citizens
living abroad (section 564(b)(1)(D) of the FD&C Act).
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III. Electronic Access
An electronic version of this document and the full text of the
Authorizations are available on the Internet at http://www.regulations.gov.
IV. The Authorizations
Having concluded that the criteria for issuance of the
Authorizations under section 564(c) of the FD&C Act are met, FDA has
authorized the emergency use of two CDC in vitro diagnostic devices for
detection of the Ebola Zaire virus subject to the terms of the
Authorizations. The Authorizations in their entirety (not including the
authorized versions of the fact sheets and other written materials)
follow and provide explanations of the reasons for their issuance, as
required by section 564(h)(1) of the FD&C Act.
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Dated: December 18, 2014.
Leslie Kux,
Associate Commissioner for Policy.
[FR Doc. 2014-30108 Filed 12-23-14; 8:45 am]
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