[Federal Register Volume 80, Number 58 (Thursday, March 26, 2015)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 16224-16247]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2015-06441]
[[Page 16223]]
Vol. 80
Thursday,
No. 58
March 26, 2015
Part IV
Department of Commerce
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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
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15 CFR Part 922
Proposed Expansion, Regulatory Revision and New Management Plan for
the Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary; Proposed
Rules
Federal Register / Vol. 80 , No. 58 / Thursday, March 26, 2015 /
Proposed Rules
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
15 CFR Part 922
[Docket No. 140207122-4122-01]
RIN 0648-BD97
Proposed Expansion, Regulatory Revision and New Management Plan
for the Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary
AGENCY: Office of National Marine Sanctuaries (ONMS), National Ocean
Service (NOS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA),
Department of Commerce (DOC).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
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SUMMARY: The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is
proposing to expand the boundaries and scope of Hawaiian Islands
Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary (HIHWNMS or sanctuary), amend
the regulations for HIHWNMS, change the name of the sanctuary, and
revise the sanctuary's terms of designation and management plan. The
purpose of this action is to transition the sanctuary from a single-
species management approach to an ecosystem-based management approach.
A draft environmental impact statement and draft revised management
plan have been prepared for this proposed action. NOAA is soliciting
public comment on the proposed rule, draft environmental impact
statement, and draft revised management plan.
DATES: Comments on this proposed rule will be considered if received by
June 19, 2015.
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments on this document, identified by
NOAA-NOS-2015-0028, by any of the following methods:
Electronic Submission: Submit all electronic public
comments via the Federal e-Rulemaking Portal. Go to
www.regulations.gov/#!docketDetail;D=NOAA-NOS-2015-0028, click the
``Comment Now!'' icon, complete the required fields, and enter or
attach your comments.
Mail: Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine
Sanctuary, NOAA/DKIRC, 1845 Wasp Blvd., Bldg. 176, Honolulu, HI 96818,
Attn: Malia Chow, Superintendent.
Instructions: Comments sent by any other method, to any other
address or individual, or received after the end of the comment period,
may not be considered by NOAA. All comments received are a part of the
public record and will generally be posted for public viewing on
www.regulations.gov without change. All personal identifying
information (e.g., name, address, etc.), confidential business
information, or otherwise sensitive information submitted voluntarily
by the sender will be publicly accessible. NOAA will accept anonymous
comments (enter ``N/A'' in the required fields if you wish to remain
anonymous).
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Malia Chow, Superintendent, Hawaiian
Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary at 808-725-5901 or
[email protected].
Copies of the draft environmental impact statement and proposed
rule can be downloaded or viewed on the Internet at www.regulations.gov
(search for docket # NOAA-NOS-2015-0028) or at http://hawaiihumpbackwhale.noaa.gov. Copies can also be obtained by contacting
the person identified under For Further Information Contact.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Public hearings will be held in the
following locations at the locales and times indicated:
(1) Hale`iwa, HI (O`ahu)
Date: April 27, 2015.
Location: Sunset Beach Recreation Center.
Address: 59-540 Kamehameha Highway, Hal`eiwa, HI 96712.
Time: 5:30 p.m.-8:30 p.m.
(2) Honolulu, HI (O`ahu)
Date: April 28, 2015.
Location: Honolulu Waldorf School.
Address: 350 Ulua Street, Honolulu, HI 96821.
Time: 5:30 p.m.-8:30 p.m.
(3) Kihei, HI (Maui)
Date: April 29, 2015.
Location: Kihei Youth Center.
Address: 131 S. Kihei Road, Kihei, HI 96753.
Time: 5:30 p.m.-8:00 p.m.
(4) Lahaina, HI (Maui)
Date: April 30, 2015.
Location: Kaunoa Senior Center.
Address: 788 Pauoa St., Lahaina, HI 96761.
Time: 5:00 p.m.-7:30 p.m.
(5) Kaunakakai, HI (Moloka`i)
Date: May 1, 2015.
Location: Lanikeha Community Center.
Address: 2200 Farrington Ave., Kaunakakai, HI 96748.
Time: 4:00 p.m.-6:30 p.m.
(6) L[amacr]na`i City, HI (L[amacr]na`i)
Date: May 2, 2015.
Location: L[amacr]na`i High and Elementary School.
Address: 555 Fraser Avenue, L[amacr]na`i City, HI 96763.
Time: 9:30 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
(7) Kilauea City, HI (Kaua`i)
Date: May 4, 2015.
Location: Kilauea Elementary School Cafeteria.
Address: 2440 Kolo Road, Kilauea, HI 96754.
Time: 5:30 p.m.-8:30 p.m.
(8) Ni`ihau, HI *
Date: May 5, 2015.
Location: Ni`ihau School Cafeteria.
Address: Puuwai Village, Ni`ihau, HI 96769.
Time: 10:00 a.m.-1:00 p.m.
* Please note that due to limited access to the island this is not
a public meeting. This meeting is for people residing on and landowners
of Ni`ihau Island.
(9) Lihu`e, HI (Kaua`i)
Date: May 6, 2015.
Location: King Kaumuali`i Elementary School Cafeteria.
Address: 4380 Hanama`ulu Road, Lihu'e, HI 96766.
Time: 5:30 p.m.-8:30 p.m.
(10) Kailua-Kona, HI (Hawai`i)
Date: May 7, 2015.
Location: Kealakehe High School Cafeteria.
Address: 74-5000 Puohulihuli Street, Kailua-Kona, HI 96740.
Time: 5:30 p.m.-8:00 p.m.
I. Introduction
1. Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary
The Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary
(HIHWNMS or sanctuary) covers approximately 1,031.4 square nautical
miles (1,366 square miles) of federal and state waters in the Hawaiian
Islands. The sanctuary lies within the shallow warm waters surrounding
the main Hawaiian Islands which are a nationally significant marine
environment. The area is a diverse and unique ecosystem with marine
resources including coral reefs, highly endangered Hawaiian monk seals,
three species of sea turtles, marine species endemic to this area such
as monk seals, corals, and seagrasses, and 25 species of cetaceans
including humpback whales. This area constitutes one of the world's
most important humpback whale habitats. The warm, calm waters in this
area are used by humpback whales for breeding, calving, and nursing.
The waters in this area also contain a number of cultural
[[Page 16225]]
and historical resources including those reflecting native Hawaiian
traditions and uses. The area supports fishing activities, and is also
a destination for visitors worldwide who come for whale watching,
diving, and other ocean-related activities in the sanctuary waters.
Congress designated the sanctuary in 1992 through the Hawaiian Islands
National Marine Sanctuary Act (HINMSA, Subtitle C of the Oceans Act of
1992, Pub. L. 102-587), which declared that the purposes of the
sanctuary were to (1) protect humpback whales and their habitat; (2)
educate and interpret for the public the relationship of humpback
whales to the Hawaiian Islands marine environment; (3) manage human
uses of the sanctuary consistent with the Act and the National Marine
Sanctuaries Act (NMSA); and (4) provide for the identification of
marine resources and ecosystems of national significance for possible
inclusion in the sanctuary.
The sanctuary is co-managed by NOAA and the State of Hawai`i
(State) through a compact agreement that was signed in 1998 which
clarifies the relative jurisdiction, authority, and conditions of the
NOAA-State partnership for managing the sanctuary. The Hawaii
Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR) serves as the lead
agency for the State's co-management of the sanctuary.
2. Need for Action
When Congress designated the HIHWNMS in 1992, it mandated NOAA to
provide for the identification of marine resources and ecosystems of
national significance for possible inclusion in the sanctuary. The
current management plan review process seeks to carry out this mandate.
Started in 2010, the sanctuary management plan review provided an
opportunity to: Consider the value of marine ecosystems, assess
existing threats and protections to these valuable resources; and
determine where NOAA can provide added value to the resource management
efforts provided by the state and other federal agencies.
NOAA believes that an ecosystem-based, rather than single-species
based, management approach for HIHWNMS would provide sanctuary
management with the platform to begin to evaluate and potentially
address the full suite of resource management issues currently faced by
marine resources in the main Hawaiian Islands. By focusing on the
biological, physical, and human components of a healthy marine
environment, an ecosystem-based management approach in the sanctuary
would be more comprehensive and inclusive of all aspects of the marine
ecosystem than the current single species approach. Humpback whales and
their habitat are an essential component of the marine ecosystem in
Hawai`i and the sanctuary would continue to support current humpback
whale management programs, but would also engage in research, resource
protection, education, community engagement, and education for other
areas and issues of the sanctuary environment.
This management approach is also consistent with Native Hawaiians'
management practices, which have traditionally used a holistic approach
to conserve both land and marine resources. Native Hawaiians also view
natural and cultural resources as being interrelated and, that all
biological resources are culturally significant. NOAA recognizes the
importance of including Native Hawaiian knowledge and practices in the
management framework of the sanctuary and intends to incorporate the
sustainable use of natural and cultural resources into its management
planning. In addition, the sanctuary management plan and regulations
will strive to accommodate traditional uses and achieve sustainable
cultural practices.
3. History of the Management Plan Review Process
History
During the 2002 management plan review (MPR), NOAA received
comments from the general public requesting that HIHWNMS, consistent
with section 2304(b) of the HINMSA, consider the conservation and
management of marine resources in addition to humpback whales and their
habitat. In response, NOAA included a goal in the HIHWNMS 2002
management plan to ``identify and evaluate resources and ecosystems for
possible inclusion in the sanctuary''. NOAA followed up by conducting
an assessment of living marine resources and maritime heritage
resources within the sanctuary, including human population trends, past
and current threats, existing management authorities, and conservation
needs. The assessment report was shared with then Governor Linda Lingle
in 2007 who publicly expressed her support for NOAA to consider
protecting additional marine species within the sanctuary.
Between April 2009 and July 2010, NOAA conducted a series of
meetings and workshops to solicit public input on the inclusion of
additional marine resources into sanctuary management and raise
awareness about the management plan review process. These events were
conducted formally and informally across the State of Hawai`i on all
the main islands.
Public Scoping Process
NOAA formally initiated the public scoping process on July 14,
2010, by publishing a notice of intent in the Federal Register (75 FR
40759) and informing the public that NOAA was initiating a review of
its management plan and regulations and preparing an environmental
impact statement (EIS). In August 2010, NOAA held ten public scoping
meetings in communities across Hawai`i. In total, 12,375 public
comments, including two petitions with a total of 12,019 signatures,
were received over the 90-day public comment period (July to October
2010).
Many people commended HIHWNMS for their active role in promoting
the conservation of humpback whales and their habitat, but suggested
that NOAA consider expanding the scope of sanctuary management to
conserve additional marine species and habitats. Other comments
identified the need to address anthropogenic threats to the marine
environment including pollution, offshore development, and climate
change. The public also identified opportunities and recommendations
for HIHWNMS to:
Improve and expand upon enforcement, management
effectiveness, and marine animal assessment and response;
better integrate Native Hawaiian cultural resources and
maritime heritage resources into sanctuary management and planning;
emphasize ocean literacy programs; and
update research programs, regulations, and sanctuary
boundaries.
Comments were submitted by agencies, organizations, elected
officials and community members from throughout Hawai`i, the U.S.
mainland and elsewhere. NOAA documented all comments received during
the public comment period as part of the administrative record; the
comments are available online at www.regulations.gov.
In response to many of these comments, this proposed rule proposes
several changes to the HIHWNMS regulations and boundaries as described
below in the ``Summary of the Regulatory Amendments.'' The
environmental effects of these proposed changes are analyzed in a DEIS
published concurrently with this proposed rule. NOAA has also developed
an associated draft management plan describing sanctuary management
activities in research,
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resource protection and education. NOAA is seeking public comment on
the proposed rule, DEIS, and draft management plan, which are available
at http://hawaiihumpbackwhale.noaa.gov/management/management_plan_review.html or may be obtained by contacting the
individual listed under the heading FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT.
II. Summary of the Regulatory Amendments
1. Change Focus of Management From Single Species to Ecosystem
NOAA is proposing to amend Sec. 922.180(a)-(b) to reflect the
inclusion of other marine resources in the resource protection mission
of the proposed ecosystem-based sanctuary. Similarly, NOAA is proposing
to remove the current species-based definition of ``sanctuary
resource'' and ``habitat'' in Sec. 922.182, which currently only
includes humpback whales and their habitat in the definition of
sanctuary resource. The definition that would then apply to the
sanctuary would be the existing definition presented in the regulations
for all national marine sanctuaries at Sec. 922.3.
This national definition for sanctuary resource is: ``any living or
non-living resource of a National Marine Sanctuary that contributes to
the conservation, recreational, ecological, historical, research,
educational, or aesthetic value of the Sanctuary, including, but not
limited to, the substratum of the area of the Sanctuary, other
submerged features and the surrounding seabed, carbonate rock, corals
and other bottom formations, coralline algae and other marine plants
and algae, marine invertebrates, brine-seep biota, phytoplankton,
zooplankton, fish, seabirds, sea turtles and other marine reptiles,
marine mammals and historical resources (15 CFR 922.3).'' In a separate
rulemaking NOAA has proposed to update this national definition to add
cultural resources to the definition of sanctuary resources (78 FR
5998). Upon completion of that separate national rulemaking the updated
definition of sanctuary resources would then apply to all national
marine sanctuaries.
2. Add New Areas to the Sanctuary Boundary
NOAA is proposing to expand the current boundaries to include five
additional areas in the sanctuary, adding 192.6 total square nautical
miles (255 square miles) to the sanctuary bringing the total area to
1,224 square nautical miles (1,621 square miles). Under this action,
NOAA is proposing to: (1) Extend the sanctuary boundary on the north
shore of O`ahu west to include waters adjacent to the Ali`i Beach Park;
(2) extend the sanctuary boundaries on the north shore of Kaua`i east
to include waters adjacent to the P[imacr]la`a ahupua`a; (3) extend the
sanctuary boundaries on the north shore of Kaua`i west to include
waters adjacent to the H[amacr]`ena ahupua`a; (4) include the waters
around the island of Ni`ihau, southwest of Kaua`i; and (5) modify the
southern boundary of Penguin Bank and Maui Nui to simplify the
convolutions of the current boundary where the approximation of the
100-fathom (182.8 meter) isobaths is too intricate for enforcement and
to include additional important habitat. Ahupua`a are a system of
traditional Hawaiian land division extending from the upland to the sea
or watershed boundary. NOAA is also proposing a technical correction to
the seaward boundary of the full sanctuary to include latitude/
longitude coordinates approximating the 100-fathom (182.8 meter)
isobaths and where needed the three nautical mile line to define the
boundary, which would result in minor modification to the overall area
estimate of the sanctuary.
The proposed boundary changes were selected through a public
process to identify and assess marine areas that could more effectively
complement current management authorities or enhance natural and
cultural resource value. Collectively, these new areas capture a
greater diversity of habitats and biological resources than currently
protected by HIHWNMS. Inclusion of these areas within the sanctuary
system would provide additional regulatory protection, resources for
management, and improved public awareness of their natural and cultural
resource value. The technical correction addresses the current seaward
boundary of the sanctuary which is defined as following the historic
100-fathom (182.8 meter) isobaths. NOAA proposes to modernize the
boundary by employing a textual description coupled with a table of
latitude/longitude coordinates that approximates the 100-fathom (182.9
meter) isobath. The correction is being made to clarify the boundary
for paper and electronic nautical charts, to provide a more accurately
defined boundary for use by ships using GPS technology, and to improve
enforceability. The technical change is not intended to add any
additional area to the sanctuary and is distinct from the five new
areas being proposed for addition to the sanctuary. The harbors
currently excluded from the sanctuary boundaries continue to be
excluded. Those harbors are Kawaihae Boat Harbor & Small Boat Basin on
Hawai`i; Kaumalapau Harbor and Manele Harbor on L[amacr]na`i; Lahaina
Boat Harbor and M[amacr]`alaea Boat Harbor on Maui; Hale o Lono Harbor
and Kaunakakai Harbor on Moloka`i; and Kuapa Pond (Hawai`I Kai) and
Hale`iwa Harbor on O`ahu. The proposed boundary changes for the five
new areas are described in more detail below.
a. Ni`ihau and Lehua
NOAA is proposing to incorporate the waters around the island of
Ni`ihau into the sanctuary, including the waters surrounding Lehua
Island. The boundary for this area would extend around the islands
seaward from the shoreline three nautical miles. The total area of the
proposed boundary expansion would be 163.9 square nautical miles (217
square miles). Ni`ihau is the seventh largest island in the Hawaiian
Archipelago and is the westernmost island of the populated Hawaiian
Islands. The island has an area of approximately 69.5 square miles (180
square km) and is located approximately 18 miles (29 km) west of the
island of Kaua`i across the Kaulakahi Channel. Uninhabited Lehua Islet
lies 0.7 miles (1.1 km) directly north of Ni`ihau.
Ni`ihau is the closest of the populated Hawaiian Islands to the
Northwestern Hawaiian Islands and is at the interface between the two
bioregions, serving as a functional transition zone in the archipelago.
The specific biophysical and cultural connectivity dynamics at this
interface are of special interest. The coral at Ni`ihau and Lehua have
significantly lower prevalence of coral disease than elsewhere in the
populated Hawaiian Islands. The waters around Ni`ihau and Lehua also
have a higher level of fish biomass and a higher number of endemic
species than the other populated Hawaiian Islands.
Ni`ihau is also an important habitat for dolphins, monk seals and
humpback whales. The endangered Hawaiian monk seals have a significant
presence in Ni`ihau and Lehua. Lehua Islet is an important monk seal
feeding and resting site. Aerial surveys conducted in 2000, 2001, and
2008 documented approximately three times more monk seals on the
coastal areas of Ni`ihau and Lehua than on other islands in the
populated Hawaiian Islands. Island-wide surveys of Ni`ihau have
observed between 17 and 69 monk seals at a particular time, higher than
any other reported sightings on the populated Hawaiian Islands. Recent
research
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indicates that the population of monk seals at Ni`ihau may be distinct
and do not travel to the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Humpback whales
have been observed in high numbers near the coast of Ni`ihau, and
dolphins and false killer whales populate the waters.
b. Kaua`i
The current sanctuary boundary on the north shore of Kaua`i extends
along the shoreline from Kailiu Point eastward to Mokolea Point and
seaward to approximately the 100-fathom (182.8 m) isobath. NOAA is
proposing to extend the sanctuary boundary in two areas to more closely
include the waters of the adjacent ahupua`a.
(i) H[amacr]`ena Ahupua`a
On the north shore of the island of Kaua`i, west of the town of
Hanalei, NOAA is proposing to extend the western boundary of the
sanctuary to Ke`e Beach and include the waters of the H[amacr]`ena
ahupua`a seaward to approximately the 100-fathom (182.8 meter) isobath.
The boundary extension would also include the H[amacr]`ena community-
based subsistence fishing area (CBSFA) which is currently managed by
the State of Hawai`i. The total area of the proposed boundary expansion
would be approximately 6 square nautical miles (8 square miles).
(ii) P[imacr]la`a Ahupua`a
NOAA is also proposing to extend the eastern-boundary of the
sanctuary on the north shore of Kaua`i to include the waters from
Mokolea Point to Kepuhi Point including those of the P[imacr]la`a
ahupua`a seaward to approximately the 100-fathom (182.8 meter) isobath.
The total area of the proposed boundary expansion would be
approximately 3.8 square nautical miles (5 square miles). The proposed
sanctuary area would be used to pilot traditional Hawaiian marine
resource management approaches along with science-informed management
to restore the degraded coral reef ecosystem.
c. O`ahu
The current sanctuary boundary on the north shore of O`ahu extends
from Pua`ena Point eastward to M[amacr]hie Point and seaward to
approximately the 100-fathom (182.8 meter) isobath. With this action,
NOAA is proposing to extend the western boundary of the sanctuary from
Pua`ena Point to approximately Ali`i Beach Park and seaward to
approximately the 100-fathom (182.8 meter) isobath to include the North
Shore Surfing Reserve. The designation of the Surfing Reserve in 2010
was part of a state-led effort to acknowledge the cultural and historic
significance of important surf sites in Hawai`i. The proposed sanctuary
boundary extension would exclude Hale`iwa Harbor. The total area of the
proposed boundary expansion would be approximately 3 square nautical
miles (4 square miles).
d. Penguin Bank and Maui Nui
The current sanctuary boundary in the area around Penguin Bank off
the southwest shore of Moloka`i and in Maui Nui between the islands of
L[amacr]na`i and Kaho`olawe closely approximates the 100-fathom (182.8
meter) isobath. The current boundary in these areas meanders
significantly due to the complexity of the seafloor bathymetry,
currently making enforcement of sanctuary regulations difficult. As
part of a sanctuary-wide effort to modernize the sanctuary boundary by
employing a textual description coupled with a table of latitude/
longitude coordinates that approximates the 100-fathom (182.8 meter)
isobath, NOAA proposes to improve the boundary in these areas by
simplifying the convolutions of the current boundary, thus eliminating
any potential confusion regarding the location of the boundary due to
the complexity of the bathymetry. The new, less intricate boundary will
make enforcement less difficult and for Penguin Bank the area is also
defined to be inclusive of precious corals, mesophotic corals and monk
seal foraging areas. The net result is an addition of approximately
15.9 square nautical miles (21 square miles) to the sanctuary in
federal waters.
3. Change the Name of the Sanctuary
In recognition of the proposed change to an ecosystem-based
approach to management, NOAA is proposing that the sanctuary be renamed
``Hawaiian Islands National Marine Sanctuary--N[amacr] Kai `Ewalu''.
The phrase ``N[amacr] Kai `Ewalu'' means ``the eight seas'' in Native
Hawaiian and refers to the ocean channels between the populated
Hawaiian Islands and a Native Hawaiian poetic reference to the Hawaiian
Islands themselves. It illustrates the interconnectedness between the
ocean, the people of Hawai`i and their communities. Since the current
name no longer fits NOAA is proposing a change that communicates both
the management approach and a sense of community throughout Hawai'i,
recognizing humans as part of the ecosystem.
4. Approaching a Humpback Whale
The current sanctuary regulation prohibits approaching, or causing
a vessel or other object to approach, within the sanctuary, by any
means, within 100 yards of any humpback whale except as authorized
under the MMPA and the ESA. NOAA is proposing to add interception (e.g.
placing a vessel in the path of an oncoming humpback whale so that the
whale changes its behavior), as well as disrupting the normal behavior
or prior activity of a whale by any other act or omission, to this
existing prohibition.
These proposed changes to the existing humpback whale approach
regulation would help to minimize incidences of humpback whale
harassment or injury within the sanctuary, reduce adverse behavioral
responses, and limit vessel strikes within the sanctuary. NOAA is
proposing to apply these changes to the exiting regulation to the
entire sanctuary including the proposed new areas of the sanctuary.
5. Operating an Aircraft Within 1,000 Feet of Humpback Whales
NOAA is proposing to apply the current overflight prohibition on
operating an aircraft within 1,000 feet of humpback whales, to the new
proposed areas for the sanctuary.
6. Taking or Possessing Humpback Whales
NOAA is proposing to combine the existing prohibitions on take and
possession of humpback whales within the sanctuary into one regulation
to be consistent with humpback whale take and approach regulations
under the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) and the State of Hawai`i
Administrative Rules 13-124 and apply the new proposed regulation to
the entire sanctuary including the proposed new areas of the sanctuary.
7. Interfering With Investigation
NOAA proposing to apply the current prohibition on interfering with
enforcement to the new proposed areas in the sanctuary.
8. Marking or Defacing Any Signs
NOAA is proposing to prohibit damaging, removing or displacing any
signs, notices, placards, stakes, posts, or other boundary markers
related to the sanctuary. NOAA is proposing to apply this to the entire
sanctuary including the proposed new areas of the sanctuary.
9. Removing or Damaging Historical and Cultural Resources
NOAA is proposing to prohibit removing, damaging, or tampering with
any historical or cultural resources within the sanctuary. Cultural
heritage
[[Page 16228]]
resources found within the sanctuary include traditional Hawaiian
fishpond systems, heritage sites related to traditional Hawaiian
surfing, and heritage sites related to traditional voyaging and its
cultural traditions. It also includes submerged heritage sites related
to Native Hawaiian traditions and practices. Maritime heritage
resources include shipwreck sites, historic aircraft sites, the remains
of landings and dock facilities, and other types of materials.
This proposed prohibition would provide additional protection for
maritime heritage resources within the sanctuary and complement
existing state and Federal statutes, such as the National Historical
Preservation Act and Sunken Military Craft Act. NOAA is proposing to
apply these changes to the entire sanctuary including the proposed new
areas of the sanctuary.
10. Special Sanctuary Management Areas (SSMAs)
NOAA is proposing to create three Special Sanctuary Management
Areas. NOAA is proposing a number of regulations specific to the
Special Sanctuary Management Areas at Penguin Bank and the Maui Nui
area (both in federal waters outside of 3 nautical miles) and Maunalua
Bay (state waters within 3 nautical miles). For a map of these three
areas, see the HIHWNMS Web page (http://hawaiihumpbackwhale.noaa.gov/).
For more information on permit options for the prohibitions described
here, see section 12 on Permits and Authorizations. The following
regulations would only apply in these three areas:
10a. Taking or Possessing Any Marine Mammal, Sea Turtle, Seabird, ESA
Listed Species or HI Listed Species in the SSMAs
As a complement to existing protections, NOAA is proposing to
prohibit taking or possessing any marine mammal, sea turtle, seabird,
ESA-listed species or Hawai`i Revised Statutes chapter 195D listed
species, within or above sanctuary waters in the three SSMAs, with an
exception for species authorized by the Marine Mammal Protection Act,
the Endangered Species Act, the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA), the
Magnuson Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, or Hawai`i
State Law.
10b. Discharging Material Into the SSMAs
NOAA is proposing to modify the current prohibition on discharging
or altering any submerged lands by separating the regulation into two
parts, and refining the language for clarity and enforceability. Due to
the proposed expanded scope of the sanctuary, NOAA understands that the
scope of the application of the prohibition has also expanded.
Therefore NOAA is seeking to assess value of the regulation in the
SSMAs only instead of applying them sanctuary-wide at this time. With
respect to the prohibition on discharging, NOAA is proposing to
prohibit discharging or depositing any material or matter into the
three SSMAs, except:
Fish, fish parts, chumming materials or bait used in or
resulting from fishing in the sanctuary;
treated biodegradable effluents incidental to vessel use;
water generated by routine vessel operations, such as
engine exhaust, deck wash down; engine cooling water, clean bilge water
or anchor wash; and
biodegradable materials for traditional ceremonies
associated with culturally important customs and usage (e.g. the
discharge of leis, paper lanterns).
This prohibition, and its associated exceptions, would also apply
to discharge adjacent to these areas, should that discharge
subsequently enter and injure a sanctuary resource within the SSMAs.
This prohibition will likely enhance water quality in the Penguin Bank
and Maui Nui SSMAs, and reduce impacts from pollutants and debris to
the biological and physical environment in the Maunalua Bay SSMA. NOAA
could use the authorization authority proposed in this rulemaking to
evaluate whether to authorize activities that receive a permit from the
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers or the State of Hawai'i and include
additional conditions for those activities to protect sanctuary
resources from activities.
10c. Dredging, Drilling Into or Otherwise Altering the Submerged Lands
of the SSMAs
NOAA is proposing to modify the current prohibition on discharging
or altering any submerged lands by separating the regulation into two
parts, and refining the language for clarity and enforceability. Due to
the proposed expanded scope of the sanctuary, NOAA understands that the
scope of the application of the prohibition has also expanded.
Therefore, NOAA is seeking to assess the value of the regulation in the
SSMAs only, instead of applying them sanctuary-wide at this time. With
respect to the prohibition on altering any submerged lands, NOAA is
proposing to refine the current regulations to prohibit dredging,
drilling into, or otherwise altering in any way submerged lands in the
three SSMAs, except:
Anchoring a vessel on sandy bottom or substrate;
routine maintenance of docks, seawalls, breakwaters, piers
authorized by federal, state or local authorities with jurisdiction;
the installation and maintenance of navigational aids
authorized by federal, state or local authorities with jurisdiction;
and
aquaculture or fishing activities authorized under a
permit issued by the State of Hawai`i Department of Land and Natural
Resources, State of Hawai`i Department of Health, the U.S. Army Corps
of Engineers, or NOAA's National Marine Fisheries Service.
Submerged lands include bottom formations, live rock and coral.
There are currently no regulations for any non-precious stony corals,
including mesophotic corals, in federal waters of Penguin Bank and the
Maui Nui area. The proposed regulation supports and enhances efforts to
protect previous corals in the Maui Nui area that have been designated
Essential Fish Habitat (EFH) under the Magnuson-Stevens Act. Similarly,
the proposed regulation would reduce direct physical and biological
damage to coral and other marine habitats in Maunalua Bay.
Under the proposed regulations, NOAA would have the authority to
authorize federal, state, or local permits for construction and
dredging activities that would otherwise violate the proposed
regulations in Maunalua Bay. Under the proposed regulation, any
permittee with a pre-existing (at the time of final rule) federal,
state, or local permit would need to notify NOAA of the permitted
activity. Then the permittee would need to come into compliance with
the sanctuary regulations by getting an authorization from NOAA within
1 year of the effective date of the final regulations. See Section 11
below for more information on authorization authority.
10d. Possessing or Using Explosives in the SSMAs
NOAA is proposing to prohibit possessing or using explosives within
the SSMAs, with exceptions for explosives used for valid law
enforcement purposes.
This proposed prohibition is consistent with the current State of
Hawai`i regulations. Currently, the state prohibits the possession and
use of explosives in or around fishing areas in state waters within
three nautical miles (HAR Sec. 13-75, HRS Sec. 188-23).
[[Page 16229]]
10e. Introducing or Releasing Introduced Species in or Into the SSMAs
NOAA is proposing to prohibit introducing or otherwise releasing an
introduced species into the SSMAs, with an exception for species
cultivated by aquaculture activities in state waters pursuant to a
valid lease, permit, license or other authorization issued by DLNR or
NMFS on the effective date of this final regulation. Introduced species
can pose a major economic and environmental threat to the living
resources and habitats of a sanctuary as well as the commercial and
recreational uses that depend on these resources. NOAA understands that
not all introduced species will become invasive species; however,
national marine sanctuaries are mandated by law to preserve the natural
character of national marine sanctuary ecosystems and any proposed
alteration of the natural biological community (e.g. introduction of a
foreign species) is contrary to the purpose of sanctuary designation.
11. Permits and Authorizations
11a. General Permits
NOAA is proposing to add to HIHWNMS regulations the authority to
consider permits for the following four activities otherwise
prohibited:
Discharges of material or matter in the Special Sanctuary
Management Areas (SSMAs);
discharges of material or matter outside SSMAs that may
enter and injure;
disturbance of submerged lands of the SSMAs; and
damaging cultural and maritime resources.
As proposed, NOAA's permitting authority would apply sanctuary-wide
only to activities prohibited by the proposed damaging cultural and
maritime resources regulation. NOAA would only consider permits for
activities prohibited by the proposed regulations for discharge and
disturbance of the submerged lands in the SSMAs (and are therefore
limited to the SSMAs).
Similar to other national marine sanctuaries, NOAA is proposing to
consider these permits only for the purposes of sanctuary education,
research, and management (see the Summary of Regulations below for a
specific description of these categories). NOAA is also proposing to
add a fourth permit category for actions involving ``installation of
submarine cables.'' This permit category would only apply to submarine
cable activities otherwise prohibited in the SSMAs (and, therefore,
apply only to the SSMAs).
To address the above additions to the ONMS general permit authority
for HIHWNMS, NOAA would amend regulatory text in the program-wide
regulations in sections 922.48 and 922.50 to add references to Subpart
Q, as appropriate. NOAA would also add a new section 922.188 in Subpart
Q titled ``Permit procedures and review criteria.'' Further, NOAA would
add a subparagraph to 922.184 that would specify which general permit
categories apply to which prohibited activities.
11b. Authorizations
NOAA also proposes to provide HIHWNMS with the authority to
consider allowing an otherwise prohibited activity if such activity is
specifically authorized by any valid Federal, State, or local lease,
permit, license, approval, or other authorization. Authorization
authority is intended to streamline regulatory requirements by reducing
the need for multiple permits and would apply to all proposed
prohibitions at 922.49 Subpart Q. As such, NOAA proposes to amend the
regulatory text at 922.49 to add reference to Subpart Q and at 922.184
(HIHWNMS regulations).
11c. Special Use Permits
NOAA proposes to allow the ONMS Director to issue special use
permits (SUPs) at HIHWNMS as established by Section 310 of the NMSA.
Although SUP authority is established statutorily, NOAA has not
exercised this authority at HIHWNMS. In the proposed regulatory
changes, NOAA intends to make it clear that the ONMS Director may issue
SUPs at HIHWNMS.
SUPs can be used to authorize the conduct of specific activities in
a sanctuary if such authorization is necessary (1) to establish
conditions of access to and use of any sanctuary resource; or (2) to
promote public use and understanding of a sanctuary resource. The
activities that qualify for a SUP are set forth in the Federal Register
(78 FR 25957; May 3, 2013). Categories of SUPs may be changed or added
to through public notice and comment. The list of categories subject to
the requirements of special use permits is:
1. The placement and recovery of objects associated with public or
private events on non-living substrate of the submerged lands of any
national marine sanctuary.
2. The placement and recovery of objects related to commercial
filming.
3. The continued presence of commercial submarine cables on or
within the submerged lands of any national marine sanctuary.
4. The disposal of cremated human remains within or into any
national marine sanctuary.
5. Recreational diving near the USS Monitor.
6. Fireworks displays.
7. The operation of aircraft below the minimum altitude in
restricted zones of national marine sanctuaries.
The NMSA places certain requirements on any issuance of a SUP by
the ONMS Director. Specifically, it states that the Director:
Shall authorize the conduct of an activity only if that activity is
compatible with the purposes for which the sanctuary is designated and
with protection of sanctuary resources;
Shall not authorize the conduct of any activity for a period of
more than 5 years unless renewed by the Secretary;
Shall require that activities carried out under the permit be
conducted in a manner that does not destroy, cause the loss of, or
injure Sanctuary resources; and
Shall require the permittee to purchase and maintain comprehensive
general liability insurance, or post an equivalent bond, against claims
arising out of activities conducted under the permit and to agree to
hold the United States harmless against such claims.
The NMSA allows the assessment and collection of fees for the
conduct of any activity under a SUP. The fees collected could be used
to recover the administrative costs of issuing the permit, the cost of
implementing the permit, and the fair market value of the use of
sanctuary resources.
III. Summary of Proposed Changes to the Sanctuary Terms of Designation
Section 304(a)(4) of the National Marine Sanctuaries Act (NMSA)
requires that the terms of designation include the geographic area
included within the sanctuary; the characteristics of the area that
give it conservation, recreational, ecological, historical, research,
educational, or aesthetic value; and the types of activities that will
be subject to regulation by the Secretary of Commerce to protect these
characteristics.
Pursuant to the NMSA and the HINMSA, the terms of designation of
the sanctuary shall be modified pursuant to Sections 303 and 304 of the
NMSA and Sections 2305 and 2306 of the HINMSA.
With this proposed rule, NOAA is proposing changes to the HIHWNMS
terms of designation, which were previously published in the Federal
[[Page 16230]]
Register on March 28, 1997 (62 FR 14799). The changes would:
1. Modify the introduction to change the name of the sanctuary to
the Hawaiian Islands National Marine Sanctuary--N[amacr] Kai `Ewalu,
and re-characterize the purpose of the sanctuary as ecosystem-based
(rather than single species).
2. Modify Article I. Effect of Designation to change the name of
the sanctuary to the Hawaiian Islands National Marine Sanctuary--
N[amacr] Kai `Ewalu.
3. Modify Article II. Description of the Area to update the
boundary description with the new areas NOAA proposes adding to the
sanctuary and remove the outdated text pertaining to Kahoolawe Island.
4. Modify Article III. Characteristics of the Area to update
information on the abundance of humpback whales found near the Hawaiian
Islands.
5. Modify Article IV. Scope of Regulations to update the activities
regulated to include the activities covered by the proposed
regulations.
6. Modify Article V to update the reference to the NMSA.
The revised terms of designation are proposed to read as follows
(new text in bold and deleted text in brackets and italics):
DESIGNATION OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS [HUMPBACK WHALE] NATIONAL MARINE
SANCTUARY--N[Amacr] KAI `EWALU
On November 4, 1992, President Bush signed into law the Hawaiian
Islands National Marine Sanctuary Act (HINMSA or Act; Subtitle C of the
Oceans Act of 1992, Pub. L. 102-587) which designated the Hawaiian
Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary [(HIHWNMS or
Sanctuary)], now called the Hawaiian Islands National Marine
Sanctuary--N[amacr] Kai `Ewalu (Sanctuary). The purposes of the
Sanctuary are to:
(1) protect and conserve the marine ecosystem of the Hawaiian
islands including humpback whales, marine turtles and other protected
species, [and their] Sanctuary habitat, and historic and cultural
resources and values;
(2) educate and interpret for the public the value [relationship]
of [humpback whales to] the natural, historic and cultural value of the
Hawaiian Islands marine environment; and
(3) manage human uses of the Sanctuary consistent with the
designation and Title III of the Marine Protection, Research and
Sanctuaries Act, as amended (MPRSA; also cited as the National Marine
Sanctuaries Act or NMSA), 16 U.S.C. 1431 et seq. [; and
(4) provide for the identification of marine resources and
ecosystems of national significance for possible inclusion in the
Sanctuary.]
ARTICLE I. EFFECT OF DESIGNATION
Section 2306 of the HINMSA requires the Secretary to develop and
issue a comprehensive management plan and implementing regulations to
achieve the policy and purposes of the Act, consistent with the
procedures of sections 303 and 304 of the NMSA. Section 304 of the NMSA
authorizes the issuance of such regulations as are necessary and
reasonable to implement the designation, including managing and
protecting the conservation, recreational, ecological, historical,
research, educational and aesthetic resources and qualities of the
Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary, now called
the Hawaiian Islands National Marine Sanctuary--N[amacr] Kai `Ewalu.
Section 1 of Article IV of this Designation Document lists activities
subject to regulation which are those activities that may be regulated
on the effective date of the regulations, or at some later date in
order to implement the Sanctuary designation.
ARTICLE II. DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA
The HINMSA identified a Sanctuary boundary but authorized the
Secretary to modify the boundary as necessary to fulfill the purposes
of the designation. The Sanctuary boundary was modified by the
Secretary to encompass the submerged lands and waters off the coast of
the Hawaiian Islands extending seaward from the shoreline, cutting
across the mouths of rivers and streams,--
(1) O`ahu: The sanctuary boundary on the southern shore of O`ahu is
defined by the coordinates provided in table A1 and the following
textual description. The boundary begins ENE of Makapu`u Point roughly
3.2 nautical miles offshore at Point 1. It approximates the 100-fathom
(182.8 meter) isobath line extending first clockwise to the SE, then to
the SW, and finally to the west to Point 68 in numerical order. From
Point 68 the boundary extends NE towards Point 69 until it intersects
the tip of the Kapahulu Groin. From this intersection the boundary
extends towards Point 70 until it intersects the shoreline. From this
intersection the boundary then follows the shoreline eastward around
Diamondhead Crater and Maunalua Bay until it intersects the line
segment between Point 71 and Point 72 at the western entrance to the
Hawaii Kai Marina. From this intersection the boundary moves towards
Point 72 across the entrance to the marina until it intersects the
shoreline again. The boundary then follows the shoreline eastward until
it intersects the line segment between Point 73 and Point 74 at the
eastern entrance to the Hawaii Kai Marina. From this intersection the
boundary moves towards Point 74 across the entrance to the marina until
it intersects the shoreline again. The boundary then follows the
shoreline south around Koko Head and then northward around Pai`olu`olu
Point, into Hanauma Bay and then back out and around Palea Point. The
boundary then continues to follow the shoreline to the NE until it
intersects the line between Point 75 and Point 76 at Makapu`u Point.
From this intersection the boundary extends seaward to the NE to Point
76. The sanctuary boundary on the North Shore of O`ahu is defined by
the coordinates provided in table A2 and the following textual
description. The boundary extends from Point 1, located roughly 3.3
nautical miles NW of Ali`i Beach Park in Hale`iwa, approximating the
100-fathom (182.8 meter) isobath line first to the NE and then to the
SE to Point 60 in numerical order roughly 2.5 nautical miles NE of
M[amacr]hie Point. The eastern edge of the sanctuary extends SW from
Point 60 towards Point 61 at M[amacr]hie Point (aka Makahonu Point)
until it intersects the shoreline. From this intersection the boundary
follows the shoreline to the NW around Kahuku Point and then to the SW
until it intersects the line segment between Point 62 and Point 63 at
the eastern breakwater protecting Haleiwa Harbor. From this
intersection the boundary extends towards Point 63 and the western
breakwater until it intersects the shoreline again. From this
intersection the boundary follows the shoreline to the SW until it
intersects the line segment between Point 64 and Point 65 at the
southwestern end of Ali`i Beach Park. From this intersection the
sanctuary boundary extends seaward to the NW to Point 65.
(2) Hawai`i: The sanctuary boundary of Hawai`i Island is defined by
the coordinates provided in table A3 and the following textual
description. The boundary begins offshore roughly 0.5 nautical miles
west of Ke[amacr]hole Point at Point 1, and approximates the 100-fathom
(182.8 meter) isobath line as it extends northward to Point 102 in
numerical order. The northeastern edge of the sanctuary boundary
extends from Point 102 south towards Point 103 on
[[Page 16231]]
the northern tip of `Upolu point until it intersects the shoreline.
From this intersection, the boundary extends west and then south along
the shoreline until it intersects the line segment between Point 104
and Point 105 to the north of Kawaihae Harbor. Kawaihae Harbor is
excluded from the sanctuary so the boundary extends across the mouth of
the harbor from this intersection towards Point 105 on the outer
breakwater of Kawaihae Harbor until it intersects the shoreline. From
this intersection the boundary continues south along the shoreline
until it intersects the line segment between Point 106 and Point 107 at
the westernmost tip of Hawai`i Island (Ke[amacr]hole Point), west of
the southern end of Kona Airport. From this intersection, the boundary
extends seaward approximately 0.5 nautical miles west to Point 107.
(3) Ni`ihau: The sanctuary boundary around the island of Ni`ihau
(including Lehua Island) is defined by the coordinates provided in
table A4 and the following textual description. The landward boundary
of Ni`ihau and Lehua is the shoreline. The seaward boundary of Ni`ihau
and Lehua is approximately three nautical miles from the shoreline and
extends around the islands from Points 1 to 60 in numerical order.
(4) Kaua`i: The sanctuary boundary off the north coast of Kaua`i is
defined by the coordinates in table A5 and the following textual
description. The boundary begins offshore nearly 3.3 nautical miles WNW
of Ka`[imacr]lio Point at Point 1 and approximates the 100-fathom
(182.8 meters) isobath line as it extends eastward in numerical order
to Point 59, approximately 1.5 nautical miles NE of Kepuhi point at
roughly the Pila`a/Waipake ahupua`a boundary. The eastern edge of the
sanctuary boundary then extends SW from Point 59 towards Point 60 on
Kepuhi Point until it intersects the shoreline. From this intersection
the sanctuary boundary extends westward along the shoreline of the
north coast of Kaua`i, and then continues to follow the shoreline as it
extends southward along the eastern shore of Hanalei Bay until it
intersects the line segment between Point 61 and Point 62 at
approximately the mouth of the Hanalei River. From this intersection
the boundary extends towards Point 62 until it intersects the shoreline
again. From this intersection the boundary continues to follow the
shoreline south around Hanalei Bay and then westward around Ka`ilio
Point until it intersects the line between Point 63 and Point 64 at
approximately the boundary of the Ha`ena/Hanak[amacr]pi`ai ahupua`a NE
of Hanak[amacr]pi`ai beach. From this intersection, the boundary
extends seaward to the WNW to Point 64.
(5) Maui Nui: The sanctuary boundary of Maui Nui between the
islands of Moloka`i, Lana'i, and Maui is defined by the coordinates in
table A6 and the following textual description. The boundary begins
roughly 3.5 nautical miles west of `[Imacr]lio Point off the northwest
tip of Moloka`i at Point 1. The boundary approximates the 100-fathom
(182.8 meter) isobath line to the west and south around Penguin Bank
and then back to the north and east following the coordinates in
numerical order across Kalohi Channel to Point 196 to the NE of Kaena
on Lana`i. The boundary then continues to approximate the 100-fathom
(182.8 meter) isobath line south around Lana'i and then east crossing
the Kealaikahiki Channel and continuing between Kaho`olawe and Molokini
to the SE to Point 341 in numerical order roughly 2.2 nautical miles
WSW of Hanamanioa Light on the southern shore of Maui. The boundary
then continues ENE towards Point 342 until it intersects the shoreline
near the Hanamanioa Light. At this intersection the boundary follows
the shoreline northward to M[amacr]`alaea Bay until it intersects the
line segment between Point 343 and Point 344 at the eastern breakwater
of the entrance to M[amacr]`alaea Harbor. From this intersection the
boundary continues toward Point 344 until it intersects the shoreline
at the western breakwater of M[amacr]`alaea Harbor. From this
intersection the boundary continues to follow the shoreline SW around
McGregor and Papawai Points and then to the NW until it reaches Lahaina
Small Boat Harbor. The boundary continues along the shoreline of the
outer breakwater of Lahaina Small Boat Harbor until it reaches the
northern tip at the intersection of the shoreline and a line between
points 345 and 346. From this intersection the boundary extends
offshore to the NNW for approximately 25 meters to point 346. The
boundary then heads WNW towards point 347 until it intersects the
shoreline again. From this intersection the boundary then continues to
follow the shoreline northward until it intersects the line between
Point 348 and Point 349 at Lipoa Point on the NW tip of Maui. From this
intersection the boundary continues to the NNW across the Pailolo
Channel through Point 349 and Point 350 to the intersection of the line
segment between Point 351 and Point 352 and the shoreline at Cape
Halawa on the NE tip of Molokai. From this intersection the boundary
continues to follow the shoreline to the SW and then westward until it
intersects the line segment between Point 353 and Point 354 east of
Kaunakakai Pier. From this intersection the boundary then continues
offshore through Point 354 and Point 355 and towards Point 356 to the
west of Kaunakakai Pier until it intersects the shoreline. From this
intersection the boundary continues to follow the shoreline westward
until it intersects the line segment between Point 357 and Point 358 on
the eastern seawall at the entrance to Lono Harbor. From this
intersection the boundary continues towards Point 358 across the mouth
of the harbor until it intersects the shoreline again. From this
intersection the boundary continues to follow the shoreline westward
around L[amacr]`au Point, and then continues north until it reaches the
intersection of the shoreline with the line segment between Point 359
and Point 360 at `[Imacr]lio Point on the NW tip of Moloka`i. From this
intersection the boundary continues seaward to Point 361 west of
`[Imacr]lio Point. The landward sanctuary boundary around the island of
Lana`i is the shoreline. The boundary follows the western shoreline of
the island south from Keanapapa Point until it intersects the line
between Point 362 and Point 363 at the breakwater north of Kaumalapau
Harbor. The boundary then extends towards Point 363 south of the harbor
mouth, excluding Kaumalapau Harbor from the sanctuary, until it
intersects the shoreline again. From this intersection the boundary
continues to follow the shoreline south around Palaoa Point and then
east until it intersects the line between Point 364 and Point 365 at
the SE breakwater of Manele Small Boat Harbor. From this intersection
the boundary extends across the mouth of the harbor towards Point 365
until it intersects the shoreline again at the NE breakwater, excluding
Manele Small Boat Harbor from the sanctuary. From this intersection the
boundary continues to follow the shoreline of Lana'i to the NE around
Kikoa Point and continues counterclockwise around the island back to
Keanapapa Point.
[(1) To the 100-fathom (183 meter) isobath adjoining the islands of
Maui, Molokai and Lanai, including Penguin Bank, but excluding the area
within three nautical miles of the upper reaches of the wash of the
waves on the shore of Kahoolawe Island;
(2) To the deep water area of Pailolo Channel from Cape Halawa,
Molokai, to Nakalele Point, Maui, and southward;
[[Page 16232]]
(3) To the 100-fathom (183 meter) isobath around the island of
Hawaii;
(4) To the 100-fathom (183 meter) isobath from Kailiu Point
eastward to Makahuena Point, Kauai; and
(5) To the 100-fathom (183 meter) isobath from Puaena Point
eastward to Mahie Point, and from the Ala Wai Canal eastward to Makapuu
Point, Oahu.
Excluded from the Sanctuary boundary are the following commercial
ports and small boat harbors:
Hawaii (Big Island)
Hilo Harbor Honokohau Boat Harbor
Kawaihae Boat Harbor & Small Boat Basin
Keauhou Bay
Oahu
Ala Wai Small Boat Basin
Kauai
Hanamaulu Bay
Nawiliwili Harbor
Lanai
Kaumalapau Harbor
Manele Harbor
Maui
Kahului Harbor
Lahaina Boat Harbor
Maalaea Boat Harbor
Molokai
Hale o Lono Harbor
Kaunakakai Harbor
As specified at sections 2305(b) of the HINMSA, on January 1, 1996,
the area of the marine environment within 3 nautical miles of the upper
reaches of the wash of the waves on the shore of Kahoolawe Island was
to become part of the Sanctuary, unless during the 3 month period
immediately preceding January 1, 1996, the Secretary certified in
writing to Congress that the area was not suitable for inclusion in the
Sanctuary. The Secretary made such a certification in December 1995. As
such, the waters surrounding Kahoolawe are not included in the
Sanctuary. The HINMSA was amended in 1996 to allow the Kahoolawe Island
Reserve Commission (KIRC) to request inclusion of the marine waters
three miles from Kahoolawe in the Sanctuary. Upon receiving a request
from the KIRC, should NOAA determine that Kahoolawe waters may be
suitable for inclusion in the Sanctuary, NOAA will prepare a
supplemental environmental impact statement, management plan, and
implementing regulations for that inclusion. This process will include
the opportunity for public comment. Further, the Governor would have
the opportunity to certify his or her objection to the inclusion, or
any term of that inclusion, and if this occurs, the inclusion or term
will not take effect.]
ARTICLE III. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AREA THAT GIVE IT PARTICULAR VALUE
The Hawaiian Islands comprise an archipelago which consist of eight
major islands and 124 minor islands, with a total land area of 6,471
[6,423] square miles, and a general coastline of 750 miles. The central
North Pacific stock of endangered humpback whales, the largest of the
three North Pacific stocks, estimated to be at approximately 50[10]% of
its pre-whaling abundance, uses the waters around the main Hawaiian
Islands for reproductive activities including breeding, calving and
nursing. The warm, calm waters around the main Hawaiian Islands provide
protective environments required for such activities. Of the known
wintering and summering areas in the North Pacific used by humpback
whales, the waters around the main Hawaiian Islands maintain the
largest seasonally-resident population; approximately 12,000 to 16,000
[2,000 to 3,000] humpback whales use these waters. The proximity to
shore helps support an active commercial whalewatch industry, which is
supported annually by millions of visitors who either directly or
indirectly enjoy the Sanctuary waters. In sections 2302 (1) and (4) of
the HINMSA, Congressional findings state that ``many of the diverse
marine resources and ecosystems within the Western Pacific region are
of national significance,'' and ``the marine environment adjacent to
and between the Hawaiian Islands is a diverse and unique subtropical
marine ecosystem.'' In addition, Congress found that the Sanctuary
could be expanded to include other marine resources of national
significance. The waters around the Hawaiian Islands contain 24 other
species of cetaceans, the highly endangered Hawaiian monk seal, three
species of sea turtles and many other marine species endemic to this
environment. Coastal Hawaiian waters also support spectacular coral
reef ecosystems which provide local people with an abundant source of
fish and are a popular dive destination for visitors worldwide. These
waters also contain a number of cultural/historical resources,
including those reflecting native Hawaiian traditions and uses.
ARTICLE IV. SCOPE OF REGULATIONS
Section 1. Activities Subject to Regulation.
In order to implement the Sanctuary designation, the following
activities may be regulated [are subject to regulation] to the extent
necessary [and reasonable] to ensure the protection and management of
the characteristics and values of the Sanctuary described above [;
primarily the protection and management of humpback whales and their
Sanctuary habitat. Regulation may include governing the method,
location, and times of conducting the activity, and prohibition of the
activity, after public notice and an opportunity to comment. If a type
of activity is not listed it may not be regulated, except on an
emergency basis, unless Section 1 of Article IV is amended by the
procedures outlined in section 304(a) of the NMSA. Such activities
are]:
a. Taking or otherwise damaging natural resources;
[a. Approaching, or causing another vessel or object to approach,
by any means a humpback whale in the Sanctuary;]
b. [Flying over a humpback whale in the Sanctuary in any type of
aircraft except as necessary for takeoff or landing from an airport or
runway;
c.] Discharging or depositing any substance; [, from within or from
beyond the boundary of the Sanctuary, any material or other matter
into, or that enters or could enter the Sanctuary, without, or not in
compliance with, the terms or conditions of a required, valid Federal
or State permit, license, lease or other authorization;]
c. Disturbing the benthic community;
d. Removing or otherwise harming cultural or historical resources;
e. Operating a vessel;
f. Moving, removing, or tampering with any sign or other Sanctuary
property;
g. Introducing or otherwise releasing an introduced species.
[d. Drilling into, dredging or otherwise altering the seabed of the
Sanctuary; or constructing, placing or abandoning any structure,
material or other matter on the seabed of the Sanctuary without, or not
in compliance with, the terms or conditions of a required, valid
Federal or State permit, license, lease or other authorization;
e. Taking, removing, moving, catching, collecting, harvesting,
feeding, injuring, destroying or causing the loss of, or attempting to
take, remove, move, catch, collect, harvest, feed, injure, destroy or
cause the loss of any humpback whale or humpback whale habitat;
f. Possessing within the Sanctuary a humpback whale or part thereof
regardless of where taken, removed, moved, caught, collected or
harvested; and
g. Interfering with, obstructing, delaying or preventing an
investigation, search, seizure or disposition of seized
[[Page 16233]]
property in connection with enforcement of the HINMSA or NMSA or any
regulation or permit issued under the HINMSA or NMSA.]
Section 2. Emergencies.
Where necessary to prevent or minimize the destruction of, loss of,
or injury to a Sanctuary resource or quality; or minimize the imminent
risk of such destruction, loss or injury, any activity, including those
not listed in Section 1 of this Article, is subject to immediate
temporary regulation, including prohibition. If such a situation
arises, the Director of NOAA's Office of National Marine Sanctuaries
[Ocean and Coastal Resource Management] or his or her designee shall
seek to notify and consult to the extent practicable with any relevant
Federal agency and the Governor of the State of [Hawaii] Hawai`i.
ARTICLE V. EFFECT ON LEASES, PERMITS, LICENSES, AND RIGHTS
Pursuant to section 304(c)(1) of the NMSA, 16 U.S.C. 1434(c)(1), no
valid lease, permit, license, approval or other authorization issued by
any Federal, State, or local authority of competent jurisdiction, or
any right of subsistence use or access, may be terminated by the
Secretary of Commerce, or his or her designee, as a result of this
designation, or as a result of any Sanctuary regulation, if such
authorization or right was in existence on the effective date of
Sanctuary designation (November 4, 1992).
ARTICLE VI. ALTERATION OF THIS DESIGNATION
The terms of designation, as defined under section 304(a) of the
NMSA, may be modified only by the procedures outlined in section 304(a)
of the NMSA, including public hearings, consultation with interested
Federal, State, and county agencies, review by the appropriate
Congressional committees, and review and non-objection by the Governor
of the State of [Hawaii] Hawai`i, and approval by the Secretary of
Commerce, or his or her designee.
HAWAIIAN ISLANDS [HUMPBACK WHALE] NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY--N[Amacr]
KAI `EWALU BOUNDARY COORDINATES
Appendix A to subpart Q, part 922, 15 CFR sets forth the precise
boundary coordinates for the Sanctuary.
IV. Classification
National Environmental Policy Act
NOAA has prepared a draft environmental impact statement to
evaluate the environmental effects of the proposed rulemaking. Copies
are available at the address and Web site listed in the ADDRESSES
section of this proposed rule. Responses to comments received on this
proposed rule will be published in the final environmental impact
statement and preamble to the final rule.
Coastal Zone Management Act
Section 307 of the Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA; 16 U.S.C.
1456) requires Federal agencies to consult with a state's coastal
program on potential Federal regulations having an effect on state
waters. Because the Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine
Sanctuary encompasses a portion of the Hawai`i State waters, NOAA
intends to submit a copy of this proposed rule and supporting documents
to the State of Hawai`i Coastal Zone Management Program for evaluation
of Federal consistency under the CZMA.
Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Impact
This proposed rule has been determined to be not significant for
purposes of Executive Order 12866.
Executive Order 13132: Federalism Assessment
NOAA has concluded that this regulatory action does not have
federalism implications sufficient to warrant preparation of a
federalism assessment under Executive Order 13132.
National Historic Preservation Act
The National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA; 16 U.S.C. 470 et
seq.) is intended to preserve historical and archaeological sites in
the United States of America. The act created the National Register of
Historic Places, the list of National Historic Landmarks, and the State
Historic Preservation Offices. Section 106 of the NHPA requires Federal
agencies to take into account the effects of their undertakings on
historic properties, and afford the Advisory Council on Historic
Preservation (ACHP) a reasonable opportunity to comment. The historic
preservation review process mandated by Section 106 is outlined in
regulations issued by ACHP (36 CFR 800). In coordinating its
responsibilities under the NHPA, NOAA has solicited for and identified
consulting parties, and will complete the identification of historic
properties and the assessment of the effects of the undertaking on such
properties in scheduled consultations with those identified parties. By
this notice NOAA seeks to solicit public input, particularly in regard
to the identification of historic properties within the proposed areas
of potential effect. Pursuant to 36 CFR 800.16(1)(1), historic
properties includes: ``any prehistoric or historic district, site,
building, structure or object included in, or eligible for inclusion
in, the National Register of Historic Places maintained by the
Secretary of the Interior. The term includes artifacts, records, and
remains that are related to and located within such properties. The
term includes properties of traditional religious and cultural
importance to an Indian tribe or Native Hawaiian organization and that
meet the National Register criteria.''
Regulatory Flexibility Act
The Chief Counsel for Regulation of the Department of Commerce
certified to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business
Administration (SBA) that this proposed rule, if adopted, would not
have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small
entities. The factual basis for this certification is as follows:
The SBA has established thresholds on the designation of businesses
as ``small entities''. A fish-harvesting business is considered a small
business if it has annual receipts not in excess of $3.5 million (13
CFR 121.201). Sports and recreation businesses and scenic and
sightseeing transportation businesses are considered small businesses
if they have annual receipts not in excess of $6 million (13 CFR
121.201). According to these limits, each of the businesses potentially
affected by the proposed rule, except those in the commercial marine
transportation and submarine cable installation businesses would most
likely be small businesses. The analysis presented here is based on
limited quantitative information on how much activity occurs within the
boundaries of the proposed expansion areas for HIHWNMS, except for
commercial fishing operations.
Methodology. Due to the lack of quantitative data on the number of
businesses directly affected by the proposed regulations and their
levels of revenues, costs and profits from their activities in the
HIHWNMS expansion area, the assessment here is qualitative.
NOAA analyzed four regulatory alternatives (identified as
Alternatives 1-4 in the Draft Environmental Impact Statement). User
groups that entail small businesses included commercial fishing
operation and recreation-tourism related businesses. Other user groups
included in the full regulatory impact review in the DEIS and not
included here are research and education, people who receive passive
economic use value
[[Page 16234]]
from improvements in natural resource qualities/quantities, businesses
in offshore energy (namely submarine cable installation) and those
firms involved in marine transportation. Firms involved in offshore
energy and marine transportation directly affected by the proposed
regulations were judged not to be small businesses.
NOAA assessed two types of regulations included in the proposed
action (discharges and submerged lands--seabed alterations), which are
only proposed to apply to three areas called Special Sanctuary
Management Areas (SSMAs) within the HIHWNMS. NOAA also analyzed the
impact of all regulations combined. Submarine cable regulations
addressed in the full regulatory impact review are not discussed here
since that industry is judged not to involve small businesses.
Discharge Regulations. Under the proposed rule, NOAA would prohibit
discharging or depositing any material or matter into the three SSMAs,
with an exception for treated biodegradable effluents incidental to
vessel use. Many commercial vessels affected by the proposed
regulations are expected to belong to commercial fishing operations and
businesses involved in providing guide services in the recreation
tourism industry (e.g. charter and party boat fishing operations and
whale-watching or other wildlife observation or guide businesses).
Boats are already prohibited from discharging untreated effluent in
state waters under state law.
Of the three proposed Special Sanctuary Management Areas, Penguin
Bank and Maui Nui are active commercial fishing grounds. According to
Vessel Management System (VMS) data, only 68 commercial fishing vessels
entered the Special Sanctuary Management Areas in the last year. There
are 42 permitted commercial boats operating out of Lahaina and all of
these boats are using the federal waters of Maui Nui. This information
is generally consistent with the information compiled during the Ocean
Etiquette trainings and the USCG Marine Safety Office inventory for
Maui.
Based on a 2012 survey conducted by the Pacific Islands Fisheries
Science Center, there were roughly 170 active charter boat operations
in the main Hawai`i Islands, with roughly 100 of these operating out of
the big island of Hawai`i. Roughly 55 boats were based in Maui and
O`ahu, the islands adjacent to the Special Sanctuary Management Areas.
The average charter boat length in Maui and O`ahu was 40 feet and 39
feet, respectively.
Additionally, 99 active tour vessels operate out of Maui County, of
which 55 are whale-watching operations. These larger vessels carry
dozens of passengers and are typically equipped with a Coast Guard
certified Marine Sanitation Device (MSD) that, if properly used, is
compliant with the proposed treatment requirement in the Special
Sanctuary Management Areas. At a minimum, most of the commercial
operators have holding tanks.
There are pump out stations in the major harbors of the Maui Nui
area (Lahaina and M[amacr]`alaea), which ensures ease of compliance for
boats that only have a holding tank. Furthermore, some tour operators
have retrofitted their boats to increase the holding capacity and
eliminate the need for discharging at sea.
Taking into account all of the above information, including the
relatively modest total number of vessels operating in the Special
Sanctuary Management Areas and the high proportion of vessels already
equipped with compliant marine sanitation devices, NOAA expects there
to be negligible costs from these new regulations.
NOAA expects both the commercial fishing industry and the
recreation-tourism industry to receive moderate net benefits from these
regulations in the form of improved habitat qualities, which would
likely result in increased fish stocks for commercial and recreational
fishing. In addition, NOAA expects that the resulting improved habitat
qualities would benefit the recreation-tourism industry, which depends
upon a healthy and thriving sanctuary ecosystem to support its
business. Thus, NOAA expects that the commercial fishing and
recreation-tourism industries would experience a net benefit from the
discharge regulations. NOAA expects the proposed action to generate a
mid-range level of costs with a mid-range level of net benefits
compared with all other regulatory alternatives. Land use and
development businesses would not be directly affected by the discharge
regulations.
NOAA invites public comments from small business owners and members
of the public potentially affected by the new discharge regulations to
better understand and assess any impact of these proposed regulations.
Submerged lands -- Seabed Alteration Regulations. Regulations
prohibiting disturbances of the seabed in Special Sanctuary Management
Areas would impact the commercial fishing industry and the recreation
tourism industry. NOAA expects these industries to receive moderate net
benefits from these regulations because of the improvement or
maintenance of habitat qualities that these industries depend upon.
NOAA also expects businesses in these industries to experience
negligible increases in costs of operations because there is no
significant anchoring activity in the Special Sanctuary Management
Areas. Because of the exceptions, permit, and authorization processes
in the proposed action, which may allow for some activities that
disturb the seabed, including a proposed submarine cable installation,
costs would be expected to be in the mid-range of costs across all
alternatives.
All other regulatory amendments to the HIHWNMS regulations proposed
in this rulemaking are either technical changes or are not expected to
have any measurable impact, economic or otherwise, on the resources and
businesses operating in and near the Special Sanctuary Management
Areas. Because this action would not have a significant economic impact
on a substantial number of small entities, no initial regulatory
flexibility analysis was prepared.
Because the impacts of this proposed rule on commercial fishing,
recreational tourism, and land use and development businesses are
minimal, the Chief Counsel for Regulation certified to the Chief
Counsel for Advocacy at SBA that this rulemaking would not have a
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities.
Paperwork Reduction Act
ONMS has a valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control
number (0648-0141) for the collection of public information related to
the processing of ONMS permits across the National Marine Sanctuary
System. NOAA's proposal to expand HIHWNMS would likely result in an
increase in the number of requests for ONMS general permits, special
use permits, and authorizations since this action proposes to add
general permits and special use permits, certifications, appeals, and
the authority to authorize other valid federal, state, or local leases,
permits, licenses, approvals, or other authorizations. An increase in
the number of ONMS permit requests would require a change to the
reporting burden certified for OMB control number 0648-0141. An update
to this control number for the processing of ONMS permits would be
requested as part of the final rule for sanctuary expansion.
Nationwide, NOAA issues approximately 200 national marine sanctuary
permits each year. Of this amount, HIWHNMS is expected to add
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4 to 5 permit requests per year. The public reporting burden for
national marine sanctuaries permits is estimated to average 1.5 hours
per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching
existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed and
completing and reviewing the collection of information.
Send comments regarding the burden estimate for this data
collection requirement, or any other aspect of this data collection,
including suggestions for reducing the burden, to NOAA (see ADDRESSES)
and by email to [email protected], or fax to (202) 395-7285.
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person is required to
respond to, nor shall any person be subject to a penalty for failure to
comply with a collection of information subject to the requirements of
the Paperwork Reduction Act, unless that collection of information
displays a currently valid OMB control number.
V. Request for Comments
NOAA requests comments on this proposed rule for by June 19, 2015.
VI. References
A complete list of all references cited herein is available upon
request (see ADDRESSES section).
List of Subjects in 15 CFR Part 922
Administrative practice and procedure, Coastal zone, Historic
preservation, Intergovernmental relations, Marine resources, Natural
resources, Penalties, Recreation and recreation areas, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements, Wildlife.
Dated: March 13, 2015.
W. Russell Callender,
Acting Assistant Administrator for Ocean Services and Coastal Zone
Management.
Accordingly, for the reasons discussed in the preamble, the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration proposes to amend 15
CFR part 922 as follows:
PART 922--NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY PROGRAM REGULATIONS
0
1. Revise subpart Q to read as follows:
Subpart Q--Hawaiian Islands National Marine Sanctuary--N[amacr] Kai
`Ewalu
Contents
Sec. 922.180 Purpose.
Sec. 922.181 Boundary.
Sec. 922.182 Definitions.
Sec. 922.183 Allowed activities.
Sec. 922.184 Prohibited activities.
Sec. 922.185 Emergency regulations.
Sec. 922.186 Penalties; appeals.
Sec. 922.187 Interagency cooperation.
Sec. 922.188 Permit procedures and review criteria.
Appendix A to Subpart Q of Part 922--Hawaiian Islands National
Marine Sanctuary--N[amacr] Kai `Ewalu Boundary Description and
Coordinates of the Lateral Boundary Closures and Excluded Areas.
Appendix B to Subpart Q of Part 922--Special Sanctuary Management
Area Boundaries.
Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1431 et seq. and subtitle C, title II, Pub.
L. 102-587, 106 Stat. 5055.
Subpart Q--Hawaiian Islands National Marine Sanctuary--N[amacr] Kai
`Ewalu
Sec. 922.180 Purpose.
(a) The purpose of the regulations in this subpart is to implement
the designation of the Hawaiian Islands National Marine Sanctuary--
N[amacr] Kai `Ewalu by regulating activities affecting the resources of
the Sanctuary or any of the qualities, values, or purposes, for which
the Sanctuary was designated, in order to protect, preserve, and manage
the conservation, ecological, recreational, research, educational,
historical, cultural, and aesthetic resources and qualities of the
area. The regulations are intended to supplement and complement
existing regulatory authorities; and to facilitate all public and
private uses of the Sanctuary, to the extent compatible with the
primary objective of an ecosystem-based management approach that is
inclusive of all aspects of the marine ecosystem emphasizing the
biological, physical, and human components of a healthy marine
environment, including protecting the humpback whale and its habitat,
that are essential components of the marine ecosystem. Public and
private uses of the Sanctuary include, but are not limited to, uses of
Hawaiian natives customarily and traditionally exercised for
subsistence, cultural, and religious purposes; as well as education,
research, recreation, commercial and military activities; to reduce
conflicts between compatible uses; to maintain, restore, and enhance
the humpback whale and other protected species and their habitat; to
contribute to the maintenance of natural assemblages of humpback whales
and other protected species for future generations; more specifically
to provide a place for humpback whales that are dependent on their
Hawaiian Islands wintering habitat for reproductive activities,
including breeding, calving, and nursing, and for the long-term
survival of their species; and to achieve the other purposes and
policies of the HINMSA and NMSA.
(b) These regulations may be modified to fulfill the Secretary's
responsibilities for the Sanctuary, including the provision for
additional protections of the Sanctuary ecosystem resources including
for humpback whales and their habitat, as reasonably necessary, and the
conservation and management of other marine resources, qualities and
ecosystems of the Sanctuary determined to be of national significance.
The Secretary shall consult with the Governor of the State of Hawai`i
on any modifications to the regulations contained in this part that
pertain to State of Hawai`i waters. For any modification of the
regulations contained in this part that would contribute a change in a
term of designation, as contained in the Designation Document for the
Sanctuary, the Secretary shall follow the applicable requirements of
section 303 and 304 of the NMSA, and sections 2305 and 2306 of the
HINMSA.
(c) Section 304(e) of the NMSA requires the Secretary to review
management plans and regulations every five years, and make necessary
revisions. Upon completion of the five year review of the Sanctuary
management plan and regulations, the Secretary will repropose the
Sanctuary management plan and regulations in their entirety with any
proposed changes thereto. The Governor of the State of Hawai`i will
have the opportunity to review the re-proposed management plan and
regulations before they take effect and if the Governor certifies any
term or terms of such management plan or regulations as unacceptable,
the unacceptable term or terms will not take effect in State waters of
the Sanctuary.
Sec. 922.181 Boundary.
(a) The Hawaiian Islands National Marine Sanctuary--N[amacr] Kai
`Ewalu (sanctuary) encompasses an area of approximately 1,224 square
nautical miles (1,621 square miles) of coastal and ocean waters, and
submerged lands thereunder, cutting across the mouths of rivers and
streams, surrounding the populated Hawaii Islands as described below.
The precise boundary coordinates are listed in Appendix A to this
subpart.
(1) O`ahu: The sanctuary boundary on the southern shore of O`ahu is
defined by the coordinates provided in table A1 and the following
textual description. The boundary begins ENE of Makapu`u Point roughly
3.2 nautical miles offshore at Point 1. It approximates the 100-fathom
(182.8 meter) isobath line extending first clockwise to the SE., then
to the SW., and finally to the west to Point 68 in numerical order.
From Point 68 the boundary extends NE
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towards Point 69 until it intersects the tip of the Kapahulu Groin.
From this intersection the boundary extends towards Point 70 until it
intersects the shoreline. From this intersection the boundary then
follows the shoreline eastward around Diamondhead Crater and Maunalua
Bay until it intersects the line segment between Point 71 and Point 72
at the western entrance to the Hawaii Kai Marina. From this
intersection the boundary moves towards Point 72 across the entrance to
the marina until it intersects the shoreline again. The boundary then
follows the shoreline eastward until it intersects the line segment
between Point 73 and Point 74 at the eastern entrance to the Hawaii Kai
Marina. From this intersection the boundary moves towards Point 74
across the entrance to the marina until it intersects the shoreline
again. The boundary then follows the shoreline south around Koko Head
and then northward around Pai`olu`olu Point, into Hanauma Bay and then
back out and around Palea Point. The boundary then continues to follow
the shoreline to the NE until it intersects the line between Point 75
and Point 76 at Makapu`u Point. From this intersection the boundary
extends seaward to the NE to Point 76. The sanctuary boundary on the
North Shore of O`ahu is defined by the coordinates provided in table A2
and the following textual description. The boundary extends from Point
1, located roughly 3.3 nautical miles NW of Ali`i Beach Park in
Hale`iwa, approximating the 100-fathom (182.8 meter) isobath line first
to the NE and then to the SE to Point 60 in numerical order roughly 2.5
nautical miles NE of M[amacr]hie Point. The eastern edge of the
sanctuary extends SW from Point 60 towards Point 61 at M[amacr]hie
Point (aka Makahonu Point) until it intersects the shoreline. From this
intersection the boundary follows the shoreline to the NW around Kahuku
Point and then to the SW until it intersects the line segment between
Point 62 and Point 63 at the eastern breakwater protecting Haleiwa
Harbor. From this intersection the boundary extends towards Point 63
and the western breakwater until it intersects the shoreline again.
From this intersection the boundary follows the shoreline to the SW
until it intersects the line segment between Point 64 and Point 65 at
the southwestern end of Ali`i Beach Park. From this intersection the
sanctuary boundary extends seaward to the NW to Point 65.
(2) Hawai`i: The sanctuary boundary of Hawai`i Island is defined by
the coordinates provided in table A3 and the following textual
description. The boundary begins offshore roughly 0.5 nautical miles
west of Ke[amacr]hole Point at Point 1, and approximates the 100-fathom
(182.8 meter) isobath line as it extends northward to Point 102 in
numerical order. The northeastern edge of the sanctuary boundary
extends from Point 102 south towards Point 103 on the northern tip of
`Upolu point until it intersects the shoreline. From this intersection,
the boundary extends west and then south along the shoreline until it
intersects the line segment between Point 104 and Point 105 to the
north of Kawaihae Harbor. Kawaihae Harbor is excluded from the
sanctuary so the boundary extends across the mouth of the harbor from
this intersection towards Point 105 on the outer breakwater of Kawaihae
Harbor until it intersects the shoreline. From this intersection the
boundary continues south along the shoreline until it intersects the
line segment between Point 106 and Point 107 at the westernmost tip of
Hawai`i Island (Ke[amacr]hole Point), west of the southern end of Kona
Airport. From this intersection, the boundary extends seaward
approximately 0.5 nautical miles west to Point 107.
(3) Ni`ihau: The sanctuary boundary around the island of Ni`ihau
(including Lehua Island) is defined by the coordinates provided in
table A4 and the following textual description. The landward boundary
of Ni`ihau and Lehua is the shoreline. The seaward boundary of Ni`ihau
and Lehua is approximately three nautical miles from the shoreline and
extends around the islands from Points 1 to 60 in numerical order.
(4) Kaua`i: The sanctuary boundary off the north coast of Kaua`i is
defined by the coordinates in table A5 and the following textual
description. The boundary begins offshore nearly 3.3 nautical miles WNW
of Ka`[imacr]lio Point at Point 1 and approximates the 100-fathom
(182.8 meters) isobath line as it extends eastward in numerical order
to Point 59, approximately 1.5 nautical miles NE of Kepuhi point at
roughly the Pila`a/Waipake ahupua`a boundary. The eastern edge of the
sanctuary boundary then extends SW from Point 59 towards Point 60 on
Kepuhi Point until it intersects the shoreline. From this intersection
the sanctuary boundary extends westward along the shoreline of the
north coast of Kaua`i, and then continues to follow the shoreline as it
extends southward along the eastern shore of Hanalei Bay until it
intersects the line segment between Point 61 and Point 62 at
approximately the mouth of the Hanalei River. From this intersection
the boundary extends towards Point 62 until it intersects the shoreline
again. From this intersection the boundary continues to follow the
shoreline south around Hanalei Bay and then westward around Ka`ilio
Point until it intersects the line between Point 63 and Point 64 at
approximately the boundary of the Ha`ena/Hanak[amacr]pi`ai ahupua`a NE
of Hanak[amacr]pi`ai beach. From this intersection, the boundary
extends seaward to the WNW to Point 64.
(5) Maui Nui: The sanctuary boundary of Maui Nui between the
islands of Moloka`i, Lana'i, and Maui is defined by the coordinates in
table A6 and the following textual description. The boundary begins
roughly 3.5 nautical miles west of `[Imacr]lio Point off the northwest
tip of Moloka`i at Point 1. The boundary approximates the 100-fathom
(182.8 meter) isobath line to the west and south around Penguin Bank
and then back to the north and east following the coordinates in
numerical order across Kalohi Channel to Point 196 to the NE of Kaena
on Lana`i. The boundary then continues to approximate the 100-fathom
(182.8 meter) isobath line south around Lana'i and then east crossing
the Kealaikahiki Channel and continuing between Kaho`olawe and Molokini
to the SE to Point 341 in numerical order roughly 2.2 nautical miles
WSW of Hanamanioa Light on the southern shore of Maui. The boundary
then continues ENE towards Point 342 until it intersects the shoreline
near the Hanamanioa Light. At this intersection the boundary follows
the shoreline northward to M[amacr]`alaea Bay until it intersects the
line segment between Point 343 and Point 344 at the eastern breakwater
of the entrance to M[amacr]`alaea Harbor. From this intersection the
boundary continues toward Point 344 until it intersects the shoreline
at the western breakwater of M[amacr]`alaea Harbor. From this
intersection the boundary continues to follow the shoreline SW around
McGregor and Papawai Points and then to the NW until it reaches Lahaina
Small Boat Harbor. The boundary continues along the shoreline of the
outer breakwater of Lahaina Small Boat Harbor until it reaches the
northern tip at the intersection of the shoreline and a line between
points 345 and 346. From this intersection the boundary extends
offshore to the NNW for approximately 25 meters to point 346. The
boundary then heads WNW towards point 347 until it intersects the
shoreline again. From this intersection the boundary then continues to
follow the shoreline northward until it intersects the line
[[Page 16237]]
between Point 348 and Point 349 at Lipoa Point on the NW tip of Maui.
From this intersection the boundary continues to the NNW across the
Pailolo Channel through Point 349 and Point 350 to the intersection of
the line segment between Point 351 and Point 352 and the shoreline at
Cape Halawa on the NE tip of Molokai. From this intersection the
boundary continues to follow the shoreline to the SW and then westward
until it intersects the line segment between Point 353 and Point 354
east of Kaunakakai Pier. From this intersection the boundary then
continues offshore through Point 354 and Point 355 and towards Point
356 to the west of Kaunakakai Pier until it intersects the shoreline.
From this intersection the boundary continues to follow the shoreline
westward until it intersects the line segment between Point 357 and
Point 358 on the eastern seawall at the entrance to Lono Harbor. From
this intersection the boundary continues towards Point 358 across the
mouth of the harbor until it intersects the shoreline again. From this
intersection the boundary continues to follow the shoreline westward
around L[amacr]`au Point, and then continues north until it reaches the
intersection of the shoreline with the line segment between Point 359
and Point 360 at `[Imacr]lio Point on the NW tip of Moloka`i. From this
intersection the boundary continues seaward to Point 361 west of
`[Imacr]lio Point. The landward sanctuary boundary around the island of
Lana`i is the shoreline. The boundary follows the western shoreline of
the island south from Keanapapa Point until it intersects the line
between Point 362 and Point 363 at the breakwater north of Kaumalapau
Harbor. The boundary then extends towards Point 363 south of the harbor
mouth, excluding Kaumalapau Harbor from the sanctuary, until it
intersects the shoreline again. From this intersection the boundary
continues to follow the shoreline south around Palaoa Point and then
east until it intersects the line between Point 364 and Point 365 at
the SE breakwater of Manele Small Boat Harbor. From this intersection
the boundary extends across the mouth of the harbor towards Point 365
until it intersects the shoreline again at the NE breakwater, excluding
Manele Small Boat Harbor from the sanctuary. From this intersection the
boundary continues to follow the shoreline of Lana'i to the NE around
Kikoa Point and continues counterclockwise around the island back to
Keanapapa Point.
Sec. 922.182 Definitions.
Other terms appearing in this subpart are defined at 15 CFR 922.3,
and/or in the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act, as
amended, 33 U.S.C. 1401 et seq., and 16 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.
Acts means the Hawaiian Islands National Marine Sanctuary Act
(HINMSA; sections 2301-2307 of Pub. L. 102-587), and the National
Marine Sanctuaries Act (NMSA; also known as Title III of the Marine
Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act (MPRSA), as amended, 16
U.S.C. 1431 et seq.).
Adverse impact means an impact that independently or cumulatively
damages, diminishes, degrades, impairs, destroys, or otherwise harms.
Alteration of the seabed means drilling into, dredging, or
otherwise altering a natural physical characteristic of the seabed of
the Sanctuary; or constructing, placing, or abandoning any structure,
material, or other matter on the seabed of the Sanctuary.
Coral means but is not limited to species of the Phylum Cnidaria,
including all species in the: Class Anthozoa, Subclass Hexacorallia,
Order Scleractinia (stony corals); Class Anthozoa, Subclass
Hexacorallia, Order Antipatharia (black corals); Class Anthozoa,
Subclass Hexacorallia, Order Zoantharia, Family Parazoanthidae (gold
coral); Class Anthozoa, Subclass Octocorallia, Order Alcyonacea (soft
corals, bamboo coral, pink coral); Class Anthozoa, Subclass
Octocorallia, Order Gorgonacea (gorgoneans); Class Anthozoa, Subclass
Octocorallia, Order Pennatulacea (sea pens); Class Hydrozoa, Subclass
Hydroidolina, Order Anthoathecata, Suborder Filifera, Family
Stylasteridae (stylasterids)
Introduced Species means any species (including, but not limited
to, any of its biological matter capable of propagation) that is non-
native to the ecosystems of the Sanctuary; or any organism into which
altered genetic matter, or genetic matter from another species, has
been transferred in order that the host organism acquires the genetic
traits of the transferred genes.
Live Rock means any Coral, basalt rock, or other natural structure
with any living organisms growing in or on the Coral, basalt rock, or
structure.
Military activities means those military activities conducted by or
under the auspices of the Department of Defense and any combined
military activities carried out by the Department of Defense and the
military forces of a foreign nation.
Sanctuary means the Hawaiian Islands National Marine Sanctuary--
N[amacr] Kai `Ewalu.
Special Sanctuary Management Areas means discrete, biologically
and/or culturally important areas that help sustain critical marine
species and habitats.
Shoreline means the upper reaches of the wash of the waves, other
than storm or seismic waves, at high tide during the season of the year
in which the highest wash of the waves occurs, usually evidenced by the
edge of vegetation growth, or the upper limit of debris left by the
wash of the waves.
Take or taking a humpback whale means to harass, harm, pursue,
hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, collect or injure a humpback
whale, or to attempt to engage in any such conduct. The term includes,
but is not limited to, any of the following activities: collecting any
dead or injured humpback whale, or any part thereof; restraining or
detaining any humpback whale, or any part thereof, no matter how
temporarily; tagging any humpback whale; operating a vessel or aircraft
or doing any other act that results in the disturbing or molesting of
any humpback whale.
Sec. 922.183 Allowed activities.
(a) All activities except those prohibited by Sec. 922.184 may be
undertaken in the Sanctuary subject to any emergency regulations
promulgated pursuant to Sec. 922.185, subject to the interagency
cooperation provisions of section 304(d) of the NMSA [16 U.S.C.
1434(d)] and Sec. 922.187 of this subpart, and subject to the
liability established by section 312 of the NMSA and Sec. 922.46 of
this part. All activities are also subject to all prohibitions,
restrictions, and conditions validly imposed by any other Federal,
State, or county authority of competent jurisdiction.
(b) Included as activities allowed under the first sentence of
paragraph (a) of this section are all classes of military activities,
internal or external to the Sanctuary, that are being or have been
conducted before the effective date of these regulations, as identified
in the Final Environmental Impact Statement/Management Plan. Paragraphs
(a)(1) through (a)(11) of Sec. 922.184 do not apply to these classes
of activities, nor are these activities subject to further consultation
under section 304(d) of the NMSA.
(c) Military activities proposed after the effective date of these
regulations are also included as allowed activities under the first
sentence of paragraph (a) of this Sec. 922.183. Paragraphs (a)(1)
through (a)(11) of Sec. 922.184 apply to these classes of activities
unless--
[[Page 16238]]
(1) They are not subject to consultation under section 304(d) of
the NMSA and Sec. 922.187 of this subpart, or
(2) Upon consultation under section 304(d) of the NMSA and Sec.
922.187 of this subpart, NOAA's findings and recommendations include a
statement that paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(11) of Sec. 922.184 do
not apply to the military activity.
(d) If a military activity described in paragraphs (b) or (c)(2) of
this section is modified such that it is likely to destroy, cause the
loss of, or injure a Sanctuary resource in a manner significantly
greater than was considered in a previous consultation under section
304(d) of the NMSA and Sec. 922.187 of this subpart, or if the
modified activity is likely to destroy, cause the loss of, or injure
any Sanctuary resource not considered in a previous consultation under
section 304(d) of the NMSA and Sec. 922.187 of this subpart, the
modified activity will be treated as a new military activity under
paragraph (c) of this section.
(e) If a proposed military activity subject to section 304(d) of
the NMSA and Sec. 922.187 of this subpart is necessary to respond to
an emergency situation and the Secretary of Defense determines in
writing that failure to undertake the proposed activity during the
period of consultation would impair the national defense, the Secretary
of the military department concerned may request the Director that the
activity proceed during consultation. If the Director denies such a
request, the Secretary of the military department concerned may decide
to proceed with the activity. In such case, the Secretary of the
military department concerned shall provide the Director with a written
statement describing the effects of the activity on Sanctuary resources
once the activity is completed.
Sec. 922.184 Prohibited activities.
(a) The following activities are prohibited and thus unlawful for
any person to conduct or cause to be conducted.
(1)(i) Approaching in the Sanctuary, by any means, including by
interception (e.g. by placing a vessel or person in the path of an
oncoming humpback whale so that the whale surfaces within 100 yards
(91.4m) of the vessel or person), within 100 yards (91.4 m) of any
humpback whale;
(ii) Causing a vessel or other object to approach within 100 yards
(91.4 m) of a humpback whale;
(iii) Disrupting the normal behavior or prior activity of a whale
by any other act or omission. A disruption of normal behavior may be
manifested by, among other actions on the part of the whale, a rapid
change in direction or speed; escape tactics such as prolonged diving,
underwater course changes, underwater exhalation, or evasive swimming
patterns; interruptions of breeding, nursing, or resting activities,
attempts by a whale to shield a calf from a vessel or human observer by
tail swishing or by other protective movement; or the abandonment of a
previously frequented area;
(iv) Exceptions:
This paragraph (a)(1) does not apply to any approach is authorized
by the National Marine Fisheries Service through a permit issued under
50 CFR part 222, subpart C, General Permit Procedures or through a
similar authorization;
(2) Operating any aircraft above the Sanctuary within 1,000 feet of
any humpback whale except as necessary for takeoff or landing from an
airport or runway, or as authorized under the MMPA and the ESA;
(3)(i) Taking or possessing any humpback whales within the
Sanctuary except as authorized by the Marine Mammal Protection Act
(MMPA), or the Endangered Species Act (ESA;
(ii) Taking or possessing any marine mammal, sea turtle, seabird,
Endangered Species Act-listed species or Hawai`i Revised Statutes
chapter 195D listed species, within or above the Special Sanctuary
Management Areas, except as authorized by the Marine Mammal Protection
Act (MMPA); the Endangered Species Act (ESA); the Migratory Bird Treaty
Act (MBTA); the Magnuson Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management
Act; or Hawai`i State Law.
(4) Discharging or depositing any material or other matter in the
Special Sanctuary Management Areas, except:
(i) Fish, fish parts, chumming materials or bait used in or
resulting from lawful fishing activities within the Sanctuary, provided
that such discharge or deposit is during the conduct of lawful fishing
activities within the Sanctuary;
(ii) Biodegradable effluents incidental to vessel use and generated
by Type I and II marine sanitation devices approved in accordance with
section 312 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act33 U.S.C. 1322;
(iii) Water generated by routine vessel operations (e.g., cooling
water, deck wash down, and gray water as defined by section 312 of the
Federal Water Pollution Control Act33 U.S.C. 1322) excluding oily
wastes from bilge pumping;
(iv) Engine exhaust; or
(v) Discharge of biodegradable materials for traditional ceremonies
associated with culturally important customs and usage (e.g. the
discharge of leis, paper lanterns).
(5) Discharging or depositing any material or other matter outside
of the Special Sanctuary Management Areas if the discharge or deposit
subsequently enters and injures a sanctuary resource within the Special
Sanctuary Management Areas.
(6) Dredging, drilling into, or otherwise altering in any way the
submerged lands (including natural bottom formations, live rock and
coral) within the Special Sanctuary Management Areas, except:
(i) To anchor a vessel on sandy bottom or substrate other than live
rock or coral;
(ii) Routine maintenance of docks, seawalls, breakwaters, jetties,
or piers authorized by any valid lease, permit, license, approval, or
other authorization issued by any Federal, State, or local authority of
competent jurisdiction;
(iii) Installation and maintenance of navigational aids by, or
pursuant to valid authorization by, any Federal, State, or local
authority of competent jurisdiction;
(iv) Activities associated with conducting harbor maintenance in
accordance with a federal or state permit issued prior to [EFFECTIVE
DATE OF FINAL RULE], including dredging of entrance channels during the
time period of one year from the [final rule effective date];
(v) Aquaculture activities authorized under a permit issued by the
State of Hawai`i Department of Land and Natural Resources, the State of
Hawai`i Department of Health, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, or the
National Marine Fisheries Service pursuant to applicable regulations
under the appropriate fisheries management plan.
(vi) Lawful fishing activities authorized under a permit issued by
the State of Hawai`i or the National Marine Fisheries Service pursuant
to applicable regulations under the appropriate fisheries management
plan.
(7) Possessing or using explosives within the Special Sanctuary
Management Areas, except for valid law enforcement purposes.
(8) Introducing or otherwise releasing from within or into the
Special Sanctuary Management Areas an introduced species, except
species cultivated by aquaculture activities in state or federal waters
pursuant to a valid lease, permit, license or other authorization
issued by the State of Hawai`i Department of Natural Resources, or the
National Marine Fisheries Service in effect on the effective date of
the final regulation.
[[Page 16239]]
(9) Removing, damaging, or tampering with any historical or
cultural resource within the sanctuary.
(10) Marking, defacing, or damaging in any way, or displacing or
removing or tampering with any signs, notices, or placards, whether
temporary or permanent, or with any monuments, stakes, posts, or other
boundary markers related to the Sanctuary including boundary markers
related to the Special Sanctuary Management Areas.
(11) Interfering with, obstructing, delaying or preventing an
investigation, search, seizure or disposition of seized property in
connection with enforcement of either of the Acts or any regulations
issued under either of the Acts.
(b) The prohibitions in paragraph (a) of this section do not apply
to activities necessary to respond to emergencies threatening life,
property or the environment; or to activities necessary for valid law
enforcement purposes. However, while such activities are not subject to
paragraphs (a)(1) through (11) of this section, this paragraph (b) does
not exempt the activity from the underlying prohibition or restriction
under other applicable laws and regulations (e.g., MMPA, ESA, and CWA).
(c)(1) The prohibitions in this section do not apply to any
activity authorized by any lease, permit, license, approval, or other
authorization issued after the effective date of regulatory amendments
to this section and issued by any Federal, State, or local authority of
competent jurisdiction, provided that the applicant complies with 15
CFR 922.49, the Director notifies the applicant and authorizing agency
that he or she does not object to issuance of the authorization, and
the applicant complies with any terms and conditions the Director deems
necessary to protect Sanctuary resources and qualities.
(2) The prohibitions in this section do not apply to activities
associated with harbor maintenance including dredging of entrance
channels, provided the applicant requests an authorization of a valid
federal or state permit from the Director.
(d) The prohibitions in this section do not apply to any activity
conducted in accordance with a general permit issued pursuant to Sec.
922.188.
Sec. 922.185 Emergency regulations.
Where necessary to prevent or minimize the destruction of, loss of,
or injury to a Sanctuary resource, or to minimize the imminent risk of
such destruction, loss, or injury, any and all activities are subject
to immediate temporary regulation, including prohibition. Before
issuance of such regulations the Director shall consult to the extent
practicable with any relevant Federal agency and the Governor of the
State of Hawai`i. Emergency regulations shall not take effect in State
waters of the Sanctuary until approved by the Governor of Hawai`i.
Sec. 922.186 Penalties; appeals.
(a) Pursuant to section 307 of the NMSA, each violation of either
of the Acts, or any regulation in this subpart is subject to a civil
penalty of not more than $100,000. Each such violation is subject to
forfeiture of property or Sanctuary resources seized in accordance with
section 307 of the NMSA. Each day of a continuing violation constitutes
a separate violation.
(b) Regulations setting forth the procedures governing the
administrative proceedings for assessment of civil penalties for
enforcement reasons, issuance and use of written warnings, and release
or forfeiture of seized property appear at 15 CFR part 904.
(c) A person subject to an action taken for enforcement reasons for
violation of these regulations or either of the Acts may appeal
pursuant to the applicable procedures in 15 CFR part 904.
Sec. 922.187 Interagency cooperation.
Under section 304(d) of the NMSA, Federal agency actions internal
or external to a national marine sanctuary, including private
activities authorized by licenses, leases, or permits, that are likely
to destroy, cause the loss of, or injure any sanctuary resource are
subject to consultation with the Director. The Federal agency proposing
an action shall determine whether the activity is likely to destroy,
cause the loss of, or injure a Sanctuary resource. To the extent
practicable, consultation procedures under section 304(d) of the NMSA
may be consolidated with interagency cooperation procedures required by
other statutes, such as the ESA. The Director will attempt to provide
coordinated review and analysis of all environmental requirements.
Sec. 922.188 Permit procedures and review criteria.
(a) Authority to issue general permits. The Director may allow a
person to conduct an activity that would otherwise be prohibited by
this subpart, through issuance of a general permit, provided the
applicant complies with:
(1) The provisions of subpart E; and
(2) The relevant site specific regulations appearing in this
subpart.
(b) Sanctuary general permit categories. The Director may issue a
sanctuary general permit under this subpart, subject to such terms and
conditions as he or she deems appropriate, if the Director finds that
the proposed activity falls within one of the following categories:
(1) Research--activities that constitute scientific research on or
scientific monitoring of national marine sanctuary resources or
qualities;
(2) Education--activities that enhance public awareness,
understanding, or appreciation of a national marine sanctuary or
national marine sanctuary resources or qualities;
(3) Management--activities that assist in managing a national
marine sanctuary; or
(4) Installation of submarine cables--activities that involve the
installation of a submarine cable
(c) Review criteria. The Director shall not issue a permit under
this subpart, unless he or she also finds that:
(1) The proposed activity will be conducted in a manner compatible
with the primary objective of protection of national marine sanctuary
resources and qualities, taking into account the following factors:
(i) The extent to which the conduct of the activity may diminish or
enhance national marine sanctuary resources and qualities; and
(ii) Any indirect, secondary or cumulative effects of the activity.
(2) It is necessary to conduct the proposed activity within the
national marine sanctuary to achieve its stated purpose;
(3) The methods and procedures proposed by the applicant are
appropriate to achieve the proposed activity's stated purpose and
eliminate, minimize, or mitigate adverse effects on sanctuary resources
and qualities as much as possible;
(4) The duration of the proposed activity and its effects are no
longer than necessary to achieve the activity's stated purpose;
(5) The expected end value of the activity to the furtherance of
national marine sanctuary goals and purposes outweighs any potential
adverse impacts on sanctuary resources and qualities from the conduct
of the activity;
(6) The applicant is professionally qualified to conduct and
complete the proposed activity;
(7) The applicant has adequate financial resources available to
conduct and complete the proposed activity and terms and conditions of
the permit;
(8) There are no other factors that would make the issuance of a
permit for the activity inappropriate; and
(9) For the installation of submarine cables, the activity is not
required to
[[Page 16240]]
meet criterion in Sec. 922.188(c)(5), however, it must be compliant
with all applicable permit requirements from the State of Hawai`i prior
to consideration of approval for a sanctuary general permit.
Appendix A to Subpart Q of Part 922--Hawaiian Islands National Marine
Sanctuary--N[amacr] Kai `Ewalu Boundary Description and Coordinates of
the Lateral Boundary Closures and Excluded Areas
Coordinates listed in this appendix are unprojected (Geographic)
and based on the North American Datum of 1983.
Table A1--Coordinates for O`ahu
[South Unit]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point ID No. Latitude Longitude
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1....................................... 21.32908 -157.59613
2....................................... 21.32450 -157.58972
3....................................... 21.32370 -157.58183
4....................................... 21.31688 -157.57428
5....................................... 21.31280 -157.56408
6....................................... 21.30933 -157.56160
7....................................... 21.30358 -157.55573
8....................................... 21.30048 -157.55447
9....................................... 21.29697 -157.55477
10...................................... 21.29273 -157.55672
11...................................... 21.28485 -157.55673
12...................................... 21.28198 -157.55822
13...................................... 21.27330 -157.57037
14...................................... 21.26792 -157.57482
15...................................... 21.26257 -157.58341
16...................................... 21.26286 -157.58604
17...................................... 21.26233 -157.58793
18...................................... 21.25687 -157.59453
19...................................... 21.25527 -157.59808
20...................................... 21.25498 -157.60996
21...................................... 21.25599 -157.61382
22...................................... 21.25854 -157.61889
23...................................... 21.25950 -157.62353
24...................................... 21.25787 -157.62687
25...................................... 21.25896 -157.63431
26...................................... 21.25771 -157.63925
27...................................... 21.25701 -157.64764
28...................................... 21.25579 -157.65214
29...................................... 21.25488 -157.65769
30...................................... 21.25691 -157.66220
31...................................... 21.25535 -157.66722
32...................................... 21.25736 -157.67633
33...................................... 21.25591 -157.68225
34...................................... 21.25648 -157.68615
35...................................... 21.25622 -157.68892
36...................................... 21.25365 -157.69587
37...................................... 21.25401 -157.69999
38...................................... 21.25209 -157.70641
39...................................... 21.24458 -157.70903
40...................................... 21.24200 -157.70882
41...................................... 21.23830 -157.71003
42...................................... 21.23592 -157.71225
43...................................... 21.23203 -157.71399
44...................................... 21.23090 -157.71620
45...................................... 21.23209 -157.72239
46...................................... 21.23484 -157.72541
47...................................... 21.23959 -157.72534
48...................................... 21.24323 -157.72720
49...................................... 21.24570 -157.73037
50...................................... 21.24606 -157.73490
51...................................... 21.24458 -157.73833
52...................................... 21.24385 -157.74535
53...................................... 21.24427 -157.75741
54...................................... 21.24269 -157.76264
55...................................... 21.23895 -157.76426
56...................................... 21.23835 -157.76540
57...................................... 21.23856 -157.77153
58...................................... 21.23560 -157.78076
59...................................... 21.23745 -157.78753
60...................................... 21.23676 -157.79062
61...................................... 21.23317 -157.79489
62...................................... 21.23236 -157.79925
63...................................... 21.23336 -157.80369
64...................................... 21.23895 -157.81154
65...................................... 21.24343 -157.81909
66...................................... 21.24480 -157.82470
67...................................... 21.24832 -157.83465
68...................................... 21.25341 -157.84288
69 *.................................... 21.27112 -157.82373
70 *.................................... 21.27148 -157.82268
71 *.................................... 21.28530 -157.71885
72 *.................................... 21.28508 -157.71852
73 *.................................... 21.28152 -157.71197
74 *.................................... 21.28117 -157.71132
75 *.................................... 21.31080 -157.64947
76...................................... 21.32908 -157.59613
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table A2--Coordinates for O`ahu
[North Unit]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point ID No. Latitude Longitude
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1....................................... 21.62572 -158.15605
2....................................... 21.62698 -158.15253
3....................................... 21.63018 -158.14882
4....................................... 21.63263 -158.14758
5....................................... 21.63618 -158.14782
6....................................... 21.63775 -158.14707
7....................................... 21.64018 -158.14055
8....................................... 21.64092 -158.13853
9....................................... 21.64902 -158.12817
10...................................... 21.65185 -158.12633
11...................................... 21.65637 -158.12540
12...................................... 21.65833 -158.12413
13...................................... 21.68600 -158.10347
14...................................... 21.69572 -158.09703
15...................................... 21.71565 -158.07783
16...................................... 21.71713 -158.07477
17...................................... 21.72210 -158.06985
18...................................... 21.72628 -158.06348
19...................................... 21.73272 -158.05730
20...................................... 21.74755 -158.02945
21...................................... 21.74943 -158.01910
22...................................... 21.75342 -158.00808
23...................................... 21.75387 -158.00223
24...................................... 21.75268 -157.99743
25...................................... 21.75442 -157.99265
26...................................... 21.75487 -157.98272
27...................................... 21.75328 -157.96552
28...................................... 21.74898 -157.94772
29...................................... 21.74438 -157.93785
30...................................... 21.74428 -157.93470
31...................................... 21.73860 -157.92523
32...................................... 21.73230 -157.90733
33...................................... 21.72945 -157.90263
34...................................... 21.72307 -157.89587
35...................................... 21.71758 -157.89490
36...................................... 21.71525 -157.89268
37...................................... 21.70803 -157.89025
38...................................... 21.70027 -157.89058
39...................................... 21.69265 -157.88755
40...................................... 21.68493 -157.88752
41...................................... 21.68057 -157.88633
42...................................... 21.67202 -157.88228
43...................................... 21.66358 -157.88037
44...................................... 21.66267 -157.87958
45...................................... 21.65977 -157.87975
46...................................... 21.64427 -157.87622
47...................................... 21.64232 -157.87615
48...................................... 21.63667 -157.87812
49...................................... 21.62942 -157.88288
50...................................... 21.62860 -157.87927
51...................................... 21.63042 -157.87293
52...................................... 21.62833 -157.86775
53...................................... 21.62230 -157.86168
54...................................... 21.61802 -157.85973
55...................................... 21.61662 -157.85815
56...................................... 21.60818 -157.85312
57...................................... 21.60318 -157.85148
58...................................... 21.60112 -157.84863
59...................................... 21.60057 -157.84235
60...................................... 21.59228 -157.83485
61 *.................................... 21.56008 -157.86468
62 *.................................... 21.59652 -158.10447
63 *.................................... 21.59665 -158.10623
64 *.................................... 21.59032 -158.11052
65...................................... 21.62572 -158.15605
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table A3--Coordinates for Hawai`i
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point ID No. Latitude Longitude
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1....................................... 19.72820 -156.07070
2....................................... 19.74638 -156.08033
3....................................... 19.75238 -156.08583
4....................................... 19.76020 -156.08825
5....................................... 19.76710 -156.09513
6....................................... 19.77235 -156.09770
7....................................... 19.77420 -156.09957
8....................................... 19.77997 -156.10303
9....................................... 19.78632 -156.10583
10...................................... 19.79402 -156.10500
11...................................... 19.80128 -156.10128
12...................................... 19.80793 -156.10138
13...................................... 19.81478 -156.10368
14...................................... 19.82020 -156.09995
15...................................... 19.82643 -156.09878
16...................................... 19.82990 -156.09452
17...................................... 19.83465 -156.09272
18...................................... 19.83825 -156.08903
19...................................... 19.84435 -156.08602
20...................................... 19.84955 -156.08180
21...................................... 19.86100 -156.06607
22...................................... 19.86765 -156.06058
23...................................... 19.87067 -156.05617
24...................................... 19.87792 -156.05047
25...................................... 19.88778 -156.03225
26...................................... 19.89058 -156.02537
27...................................... 19.89310 -156.02333
28...................................... 19.89577 -156.01848
29...................................... 19.89833 -156.01650
30...................................... 19.90100 -156.01283
31...................................... 19.90095 -155.99682
32...................................... 19.90393 -155.99113
[[Page 16241]]
33...................................... 19.91243 -155.98405
34...................................... 19.91827 -155.98243
35...................................... 19.91887 -155.98158
36...................................... 19.91867 -155.97758
37...................................... 19.91940 -155.97610
38...................................... 19.93102 -155.96323
39...................................... 19.93617 -155.95458
40...................................... 19.94508 -155.95090
41...................................... 19.94813 -155.94660
42...................................... 19.95618 -155.93978
43...................................... 19.96008 -155.93823
44...................................... 19.96837 -155.92900
45...................................... 19.97177 -155.92720
46...................................... 19.97325 -155.92030
47...................................... 19.97715 -155.91145
48...................................... 19.97790 -155.90632
49...................................... 19.97760 -155.90197
50...................................... 19.97928 -155.90040
51...................................... 19.98177 -155.89140
52...................................... 19.98792 -155.88842
53...................................... 19.98618 -155.88500
54...................................... 19.98578 -155.88182
55...................................... 19.98887 -155.87670
56...................................... 19.99193 -155.87428
57...................................... 19.99992 -155.87262
58...................................... 20.00543 -155.86988
59...................................... 20.01147 -155.86885
60...................................... 20.01840 -155.86913
61...................................... 20.02153 -155.86528
62...................................... 20.02522 -155.86618
63...................................... 20.02783 -155.86515
64...................................... 20.02953 -155.86607
65...................................... 20.03335 -155.86462
66...................................... 20.04083 -155.86840
67...................................... 20.04510 -155.86663
68...................................... 20.04722 -155.86658
69...................................... 20.05252 -155.86952
70...................................... 20.06375 -155.88248
71...................................... 20.07272 -155.88863
72...................................... 20.07505 -155.89213
73...................................... 20.08533 -155.90185
74...................................... 20.09967 -155.91227
75...................................... 20.11200 -155.91650
76...................................... 20.12552 -155.91740
77...................................... 20.13142 -155.92098
78...................................... 20.13368 -155.92155
79...................................... 20.13907 -155.92028
80...................................... 20.14232 -155.92040
81...................................... 20.14765 -155.92278
82...................................... 20.15287 -155.92343
83...................................... 20.15903 -155.92648
84...................................... 20.16653 -155.92895
85...................................... 20.19312 -155.93315
86...................................... 20.20423 -155.93768
87...................................... 20.21275 -155.93537
88...................................... 20.23595 -155.93248
89...................................... 20.24477 -155.93230
90...................................... 20.24652 -155.93118
91...................................... 20.25287 -155.92953
92...................................... 20.26058 -155.92368
93...................................... 20.26625 -155.92138
94...................................... 20.27477 -155.91627
95...................................... 20.27647 -155.91430
96...................................... 20.27857 -155.90785
97...................................... 20.28822 -155.90010
98...................................... 20.29183 -155.89487
99...................................... 20.29430 -155.88873
100..................................... 20.29940 -155.88160
101..................................... 20.30082 -155.87262
102..................................... 20.29998 -155.85477
103 *................................... 20.26632 -155.84972
104 *................................... 20.04058 -155.83260
105 *................................... 20.03723 -155.83398
106 *................................... 19.72743 -156.05997
107..................................... 19.72820 -156.07070
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table A4--Coordinates for Ni`ihau
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point ID No. Latitude Longitude
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1....................................... 22.07833 -160.09322
2....................................... 22.07125 -160.06682
3....................................... 22.06053 -160.05058
4....................................... 22.04732 -160.04022
5....................................... 22.03098 -160.01508
6....................................... 22.02058 -160.00642
7....................................... 22.00180 -159.99755
8....................................... 21.98923 -159.99403
9....................................... 21.97612 -159.99393
10...................................... 21.96343 -159.99748
11...................................... 21.94782 -160.00603
12...................................... 21.94007 -160.01277
13...................................... 21.93222 -160.02352
14...................................... 21.92785 -160.02667
15...................................... 21.91240 -160.02077
16...................................... 21.89087 -160.01980
17...................................... 21.87503 -160.02447
18...................................... 21.86247 -160.03313
19...................................... 21.85348 -160.04393
20...................................... 21.83285 -160.08297
21...................................... 21.82932 -160.09280
22...................................... 21.82383 -160.12060
23...................................... 21.81035 -160.12827
24...................................... 21.80100 -160.13682
25...................................... 21.79595 -160.13930
26...................................... 21.76847 -160.14730
27...................................... 21.75925 -160.15167
28...................................... 21.74372 -160.16375
29...................................... 21.73393 -160.17817
30...................................... 21.72868 -160.19583
31...................................... 21.72945 -160.21530
32...................................... 21.73638 -160.23768
33...................................... 21.74675 -160.25835
34...................................... 21.75333 -160.26830
35...................................... 21.77392 -160.28798
36...................................... 21.79732 -160.29788
37...................................... 21.81468 -160.30028
38...................................... 21.85032 -160.30002
39...................................... 21.86553 -160.29553
40...................................... 21.87738 -160.28843
41...................................... 21.89507 -160.28757
42...................................... 21.91643 -160.28028
43...................................... 21.92902 -160.27102
44...................................... 21.94070 -160.25435
45...................................... 21.95347 -160.24342
46...................................... 21.96832 -160.23835
47...................................... 21.97933 -160.23058
48...................................... 21.98935 -160.21923
49...................................... 21.99598 -160.20712
50...................................... 21.99950 -160.19353
51...................................... 21.99963 -160.17980
52...................................... 22.00912 -160.17750
53...................................... 22.01812 -160.17322
54...................................... 22.03043 -160.16303
55...................................... 22.03718 -160.15415
56...................................... 22.04843 -160.14998
57...................................... 22.05858 -160.14325
58...................................... 22.06998 -160.13037
59...................................... 22.07723 -160.11288
60...................................... 22.07833 -160.09322
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table A5--Coordinates for Kaua`i
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point ID No. Latitude Longitude
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1....................................... 22.23023 -159.64483
2....................................... 22.23658 -159.64328
3....................................... 22.23943 -159.64090
4....................................... 22.24108 -159.63825
5....................................... 22.24470 -159.62752
6....................................... 22.24473 -159.62460
7....................................... 22.24307 -159.61835
8....................................... 22.24340 -159.61615
9....................................... 22.24463 -159.61438
10...................................... 22.25070 -159.61090
11...................................... 22.25657 -159.60623
12...................................... 22.26618 -159.60690
13...................................... 22.27078 -159.60590
14...................................... 22.27325 -159.60388
15...................................... 22.27597 -159.59985
16...................................... 22.28132 -159.58828
17...................................... 22.28415 -159.57682
18...................................... 22.28480 -159.56468
19...................................... 22.28368 -159.55173
20...................................... 22.28235 -159.54530
21...................................... 22.27953 -159.53727
22...................................... 22.27672 -159.53092
23...................................... 22.27338 -159.52600
24...................................... 22.26862 -159.52285
25...................................... 22.25572 -159.51848
26...................................... 22.25582 -159.51748
27...................................... 22.25715 -159.51645
28...................................... 22.26298 -159.51533
29...................................... 22.26462 -159.51383
30...................................... 22.26633 -159.50630
31...................................... 22.26647 -159.50227
32...................................... 22.26565 -159.49770
33...................................... 22.26370 -159.49392
34...................................... 22.25690 -159.48792
35...................................... 22.25665 -159.48692
36...................................... 22.25698 -159.48538
37...................................... 22.26030 -159.48210
38...................................... 22.26103 -159.47762
39...................................... 22.26042 -159.47528
40...................................... 22.25540 -159.46792
41...................................... 22.25335 -159.46128
42...................................... 22.25257 -159.43648
43...................................... 22.25127 -159.43093
44...................................... 22.24915 -159.42758
45...................................... 22.25142 -159.42245
46...................................... 22.25307 -159.40707
47...................................... 22.25303 -159.40242
48...................................... 22.25098 -159.39485
49...................................... 22.25357 -159.39000
50...................................... 22.25407 -159.38732
51...................................... 22.25332 -159.38345
52...................................... 22.24883 -159.37198
53...................................... 22.24632 -159.36208
54...................................... 22.24883 -159.35590
55...................................... 22.24860 -159.35342
56...................................... 22.24527 -159.34928
57...................................... 22.23777 -159.34528
58...................................... 22.23575 -159.34155
59...................................... 22.23505 -159.33825
60 *.................................... 22.21353 -159.35087
61 *.................................... 22.21508 -159.49703
[[Page 16242]]
62 *.................................... 22.21378 -159.49672
63 *.................................... 22.21132 -159.59522
64...................................... 22.23023 -159.64483
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table A6--Coordinates for Maui Nui
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point ID No. Latitude Longitude
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1....................................... 21.22380 -157.31272
2....................................... 21.21938 -157.31378
3....................................... 21.20960 -157.31750
4....................................... 21.19332 -157.33268
5....................................... 21.18093 -157.35280
6....................................... 21.17182 -157.37275
7....................................... 21.16902 -157.38062
8....................................... 21.16815 -157.38555
9....................................... 21.16502 -157.39072
10...................................... 21.16172 -157.40372
11...................................... 21.15897 -157.41582
12...................................... 21.15757 -157.42950
13...................................... 21.15815 -157.48270
14...................................... 21.15992 -157.49052
15...................................... 21.15977 -157.49598
16...................................... 21.16400 -157.51087
17...................................... 21.16420 -157.51713
18...................................... 21.16250 -157.52100
19...................................... 21.15935 -157.52552
20...................................... 21.14960 -157.54817
21...................................... 21.14587 -157.55430
22...................................... 21.13998 -157.56070
23...................................... 21.13005 -157.56862
24...................................... 21.12538 -157.57398
25...................................... 21.12152 -157.58915
26...................................... 21.12010 -157.59217
27...................................... 21.11398 -157.60032
28...................................... 21.11063 -157.61628
29...................................... 21.10790 -157.62245
30...................................... 21.10395 -157.62590
31...................................... 21.10122 -157.62655
32...................................... 21.09598 -157.62547
33...................................... 21.09000 -157.62688
34...................................... 21.08793 -157.62815
35...................................... 21.08638 -157.64073
36...................................... 21.08667 -157.64747
37...................................... 21.08440 -157.65763
38...................................... 21.08087 -157.65977
39...................................... 21.07898 -157.65933
40...................................... 21.07202 -157.65358
41...................................... 21.07042 -157.65293
42...................................... 21.06740 -157.65387
43...................................... 21.06593 -157.65628
44...................................... 21.06712 -157.66142
45...................................... 21.06480 -157.66490
46...................................... 21.05858 -157.66980
47...................................... 21.04922 -157.67460
48...................................... 21.04823 -157.67893
49...................................... 21.04197 -157.68637
50...................................... 21.03627 -157.68960
51...................................... 21.03428 -157.69402
52...................................... 21.02722 -157.69850
53...................................... 21.02428 -157.70122
54...................................... 21.02362 -157.70432
55...................................... 21.02553 -157.70895
56...................................... 21.02268 -157.71652
57...................................... 21.01285 -157.71805
58...................................... 20.99600 -157.72255
59...................................... 20.99253 -157.72507
60...................................... 20.98757 -157.73145
61...................................... 20.98167 -157.73470
62...................................... 20.96713 -157.73572
63...................................... 20.95993 -157.73808
64...................................... 20.95725 -157.74017
65...................................... 20.95113 -157.75002
66...................................... 20.93860 -157.75783
67...................................... 20.93642 -157.75822
68...................................... 20.92492 -157.75177
69...................................... 20.92162 -157.75163
70...................................... 20.90925 -157.75475
71...................................... 20.90548 -157.75652
72...................................... 20.90228 -157.75925
73...................................... 20.89710 -157.76182
74...................................... 20.89360 -157.76263
75...................................... 20.88710 -157.76087
76...................................... 20.88213 -157.75663
77...................................... 20.87747 -157.74822
78...................................... 20.87683 -157.74167
79...................................... 20.87448 -157.73667
80...................................... 20.87213 -157.73533
81...................................... 20.86733 -157.73457
82...................................... 20.86332 -157.73522
83...................................... 20.85518 -157.73948
84...................................... 20.85253 -157.73885
85...................................... 20.85070 -157.73525
86...................................... 20.84945 -157.72498
87...................................... 20.84920 -157.71832
88...................................... 20.85037 -157.71212
89...................................... 20.85000 -157.70652
90...................................... 20.85162 -157.70387
91...................................... 20.85670 -157.70343
92...................................... 20.86250 -157.69857
93...................................... 20.86502 -157.69475
94...................................... 20.86575 -157.69173
95...................................... 20.86383 -157.68598
96...................................... 20.86427 -157.67730
97...................................... 20.86502 -157.67523
98...................................... 20.87097 -157.66773
99...................................... 20.87222 -157.66545
100..................................... 20.87347 -157.65898
101..................................... 20.87715 -157.65485
102..................................... 20.87782 -157.65067
103..................................... 20.88127 -157.64455
104..................................... 20.88223 -157.64138
105..................................... 20.88267 -157.63830
106..................................... 20.88217 -157.63645
107..................................... 20.88363 -157.63063
108..................................... 20.88650 -157.62785
109..................................... 20.88775 -157.61990
110..................................... 20.89247 -157.61262
111..................................... 20.89350 -157.60863
112..................................... 20.89658 -157.60333
113..................................... 20.90247 -157.58420
114..................................... 20.91300 -157.57330
115..................................... 20.91492 -157.56742
116..................................... 20.91800 -157.56410
117..................................... 20.92455 -157.54203
118..................................... 20.92668 -157.54018
119..................................... 20.92918 -157.53400
120..................................... 20.93228 -157.51517
121..................................... 20.93332 -157.51258
122..................................... 20.93677 -157.51002
123..................................... 20.95480 -157.51053
124..................................... 20.95687 -157.50825
125..................................... 20.96230 -157.50560
126..................................... 20.96370 -157.50022
127..................................... 20.96297 -157.48638
128..................................... 20.96348 -157.47968
129..................................... 20.96643 -157.46747
130..................................... 20.96768 -157.45805
131..................................... 20.96547 -157.44568
132..................................... 20.96437 -157.43420
133..................................... 20.96467 -157.43267
134..................................... 20.96665 -157.41177
135..................................... 20.96680 -157.40153
136..................................... 20.96775 -157.39682
137..................................... 20.97320 -157.36605
138..................................... 20.97452 -157.36303
139..................................... 20.98998 -157.34743
140..................................... 20.99072 -157.32977
141..................................... 20.99190 -157.32160
142..................................... 20.99507 -157.30917
143..................................... 20.99557 -157.30762
144..................................... 21.01912 -157.29510
145..................................... 21.02553 -157.28297
146..................................... 21.02898 -157.26972
147..................................... 21.02618 -157.26433
148..................................... 21.02597 -157.26192
149..................................... 21.02657 -157.25772
150..................................... 21.03008 -157.25323
151..................................... 21.03068 -157.25138
152..................................... 21.03127 -157.24270
153..................................... 21.03105 -157.23557
154..................................... 21.02877 -157.23173
155..................................... 21.02883 -157.23033
156..................................... 21.03318 -157.22548
157..................................... 21.03473 -157.21687
158..................................... 21.03693 -157.21223
159..................................... 21.03942 -157.20958
160..................................... 21.04333 -157.20678
161..................................... 21.05092 -157.20428
162..................................... 21.05768 -157.19582
163..................................... 21.06085 -157.19302
164..................................... 21.06012 -157.18750
165..................................... 21.05820 -157.18183
166..................................... 21.05783 -157.17373
167..................................... 21.05667 -157.16718
168..................................... 21.05673 -157.15313
169..................................... 21.05122 -157.14150
170..................................... 21.05137 -157.13833
171..................................... 21.05490 -157.12958
172..................................... 21.05658 -157.12333
173..................................... 21.05777 -157.11310
174..................................... 21.06042 -157.10125
175..................................... 21.05923 -157.09455
176..................................... 21.05238 -157.08093
177..................................... 21.05062 -157.07527
178..................................... 21.05040 -157.06997
179..................................... 21.05357 -157.06217
180..................................... 21.04458 -157.03868
181..................................... 21.04128 -157.03603
182..................................... 21.03502 -157.03472
183..................................... 21.03282 -157.03332
184..................................... 21.03023 -157.02985
185..................................... 21.02795 -157.02198
186..................................... 21.02663 -157.02110
187..................................... 21.02207 -157.01955
188..................................... 21.01817 -157.01955
189..................................... 21.01662 -157.01742
190..................................... 21.01463 -157.01638
191..................................... 21.00640 -157.01808
192..................................... 20.99727 -157.01573
193..................................... 20.98770 -157.01522
194..................................... 20.98408 -157.01690
195..................................... 20.98107 -157.01550
196..................................... 20.97945 -157.01595
197..................................... 20.97710 -157.01823
198..................................... 20.97673 -157.01983
199..................................... 20.97555 -157.02418
[[Page 16243]]
200..................................... 20.97438 -157.02595
201..................................... 20.96178 -157.03588
202..................................... 20.94892 -157.05282
203..................................... 20.94023 -157.06210
204..................................... 20.93478 -157.07343
205..................................... 20.92853 -157.07895
206..................................... 20.92522 -157.08462
207..................................... 20.92205 -157.08578
208..................................... 20.91807 -157.08542
209..................................... 20.91182 -157.08727
210..................................... 20.90468 -157.08793
211..................................... 20.89902 -157.09013
212..................................... 20.89622 -157.09013
213..................................... 20.88202 -157.08462
214..................................... 20.87450 -157.07998
215..................................... 20.86427 -157.07152
216..................................... 20.85168 -157.05885
217..................................... 20.84647 -157.05157
218..................................... 20.84462 -157.04532
219..................................... 20.84433 -157.03795
220..................................... 20.84300 -157.03280
221..................................... 20.83932 -157.02625
222..................................... 20.83248 -157.01757
223..................................... 20.82192 -157.01188
224..................................... 20.79377 -157.00950
225..................................... 20.77772 -157.00940
226..................................... 20.77303 -157.00873
227..................................... 20.76695 -157.00653
228..................................... 20.76258 -157.00627
229..................................... 20.75048 -157.00143
230..................................... 20.74437 -156.99613
231..................................... 20.73483 -156.98978
232..................................... 20.73038 -156.98588
233..................................... 20.72995 -156.98367
234..................................... 20.72655 -156.97945
235..................................... 20.72133 -156.97505
236..................................... 20.71268 -156.96152
237..................................... 20.71115 -156.95765
238..................................... 20.71073 -156.94107
239..................................... 20.70910 -156.93135
240..................................... 20.71043 -156.92313
241..................................... 20.70872 -156.90960
242..................................... 20.70872 -156.90348
243..................................... 20.70570 -156.88575
244..................................... 20.70790 -156.88125
245..................................... 20.71742 -156.87293
246..................................... 20.72425 -156.86528
247..................................... 20.72860 -156.86423
248..................................... 20.73072 -156.86198
249..................................... 20.73190 -156.85750
250..................................... 20.73430 -156.85262
251..................................... 20.74113 -156.84095
252..................................... 20.74228 -156.83092
253..................................... 20.74180 -156.82460
254..................................... 20.74467 -156.82188
255..................................... 20.74553 -156.81897
256..................................... 20.74390 -156.81242
257..................................... 20.73865 -156.80897
258..................................... 20.73578 -156.80897
259..................................... 20.73258 -156.81285
260..................................... 20.73162 -156.81298
261..................................... 20.73018 -156.81117
262..................................... 20.73072 -156.80515
263..................................... 20.73440 -156.79635
264..................................... 20.73440 -156.79377
265..................................... 20.73277 -156.79140
266..................................... 20.73233 -156.79100
267..................................... 20.72818 -156.79143
268..................................... 20.72568 -156.78875
269..................................... 20.72268 -156.77808
270..................................... 20.72253 -156.76680
271..................................... 20.72077 -156.76490
272..................................... 20.71900 -156.76422
273..................................... 20.71513 -156.76518
274..................................... 20.71360 -156.76490
275..................................... 20.71278 -156.76380
276..................................... 20.71140 -156.75772
277..................................... 20.71307 -156.74668
278..................................... 20.71230 -156.74228
279..................................... 20.71150 -156.67635
280..................................... 20.71097 -156.67578
281..................................... 20.71102 -156.67300
282..................................... 20.70915 -156.67110
283..................................... 20.71078 -156.66870
284..................................... 20.70685 -156.66297
285..................................... 20.70728 -156.65585
286..................................... 20.70332 -156.64777
287..................................... 20.70265 -156.64542
288..................................... 20.70337 -156.64260
289..................................... 20.69858 -156.63638
290..................................... 20.69645 -156.63420
291..................................... 20.69583 -156.63433
292..................................... 20.69423 -156.61873
293..................................... 20.69538 -156.61478
294..................................... 20.69342 -156.61248
295..................................... 20.69113 -156.60780
296..................................... 20.69045 -156.60747
297..................................... 20.68873 -156.60913
298..................................... 20.68735 -156.60832
299..................................... 20.68663 -156.60253
300..................................... 20.68497 -156.60053
301..................................... 20.67722 -156.59785
302..................................... 20.67115 -156.59112
303..................................... 20.66143 -156.58503
304..................................... 20.65910 -156.58480
305..................................... 20.65642 -156.58662
306..................................... 20.65585 -156.58633
307..................................... 20.65537 -156.58447
308..................................... 20.65312 -156.58217
309..................................... 20.65337 -156.57010
310..................................... 20.65083 -156.55297
311..................................... 20.64968 -156.54895
312..................................... 20.64765 -156.54352
313..................................... 20.64352 -156.53553
314..................................... 20.63307 -156.52033
315..................................... 20.62652 -156.51245
316..................................... 20.62168 -156.50818
317..................................... 20.61412 -156.50335
318..................................... 20.60713 -156.49718
319..................................... 20.59948 -156.49223
320..................................... 20.60063 -156.48987
321..................................... 20.60027 -156.48925
322..................................... 20.59627 -156.49012
323..................................... 20.59472 -156.48835
324..................................... 20.59463 -156.48693
325..................................... 20.59660 -156.48332
326..................................... 20.59640 -156.48128
327..................................... 20.59423 -156.47673
328..................................... 20.59567 -156.47567
329..................................... 20.59970 -156.47500
330..................................... 20.60118 -156.47580
331..................................... 20.60418 -156.47960
332..................................... 20.60553 -156.47990
333..................................... 20.60627 -156.47863
334..................................... 20.60623 -156.47563
335..................................... 20.60750 -156.47080
336..................................... 20.60188 -156.46703
337..................................... 20.59798 -156.46570
338..................................... 20.58188 -156.46357
339..................................... 20.57773 -156.45373
340..................................... 20.57488 -156.45112
341..................................... 20.57272 -156.44752
342 *................................... 20.58308 -156.41192
343 *................................... 20.79025 -156.51013
344 *................................... 20.79033 -156.51097
345 *................................... 20.87173 -156.67920
346..................................... 20.87192 -156.67931
347 *................................... 20.87229 -156.67855
348 *................................... 21.02445 -156.63918
349..................................... 21.07042 -156.66362
350..................................... 21.08872 -156.67335
351 *................................... 21.15802 -156.71095
352 *................................... 21.15843 -156.70948
353 *................................... 21.08595 -157.02030
354..................................... 21.07737 -157.02810
355..................................... 21.08035 -157.03287
356 *................................... 21.08802 -157.02589
357 *................................... 21.08465 -157.24863
358 *................................... 21.08382 -157.24965
359 *................................... 21.22350 -157.25400
360 *................................... 21.22442 -157.25400
361..................................... 21.22380 -157.31272
362 *................................... 20.78593 -156.99232
363 *................................... 20.78308 -156.99152
364 *................................... 20.74253 -156.88680
365 *................................... 20.74317 -156.88740
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: The coordinates in the table above marked with an asterisk (*) are
not a part of the sanctuary boundary. These coordinates are landward
reference points used to draw a line segment that intersects with the
shoreline.
Appendix B to Subpart Q of Part 922--Special Sanctuary Management Area
Boundaries
Coordinates listed in this appendix are unprojected (Geographic)
and based on the North American Datum of 1983.
B.1 Maunalua Bay Special Sanctuary Management Area
The Maunalua SSMA extends throughout the sanctuary waters in
Maunalua Bay south of Oahu and is defined by the coordinates in
table B1 and the following textual description. Point 1 of the SSMA
boundary is located roughly 1.3 nautical miles SE of
K[umacr]pikipiki`[omacr] Point (Black Point) on the sanctuary
boundary. From Point 1 the SSMA boundary extends along the sanctuary
boundary to the east to Point 21 roughly 0.5 nautical miles south of
Kawaihoa Point, Koko Head. From Point 21 the SSMA boundary extends
towards Point 22 until it intersects the shoreline. From this
intersection the boundary follows the shoreline to the west around
Kawaihoa Point and north around Maunalua Bay until it intersects the
line segment between Point 23 and Point 24 at the eastern entrance
to Hawaii Kai Marina. From this intersection the boundary moves
towards Point 24 across the entrance to the marina until it
intersects the shoreline again. The boundary then follows the
shoreline westward until it intersects the line segment between
Point 25 and Point 26 at the western entrance to the Hawaii Kai
Marina. From this intersection the boundary moves towards Point 26
across the entrance to the marina until it intersects the shoreline
again. The
[[Page 16244]]
boundary then follows the shoreline westward continuing around
Maunalua Bay until it intersects the line segment between Point 27
and Point 28 at K[umacr]pikipiki`[omacr] Point (Black Point). From
this intersection the boundary extends seaward to the SE to Point
28.
Table B1--Coordinates for Maunalua Bay
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point ID No. Latitude Longitude
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1....................................... 21.23560 -157.78076
2....................................... 21.23856 -157.77153
3....................................... 21.23835 -157.76540
4....................................... 21.23895 -157.76426
5....................................... 21.24269 -157.76264
6....................................... 21.24427 -157.75741
7....................................... 21.24385 -157.74535
8....................................... 21.24458 -157.73833
9....................................... 21.24606 -157.73490
10...................................... 21.24570 -157.73037
11...................................... 21.24323 -157.72720
12...................................... 21.23959 -157.72534
13...................................... 21.23484 -157.72541
14...................................... 21.23209 -157.72239
15...................................... 21.23090 -157.71620
16...................................... 21.23203 -157.71399
17...................................... 21.23592 -157.71225
18...................................... 21.23830 -157.71003
19...................................... 21.24200 -157.70882
20...................................... 21.24458 -157.70903
21...................................... 21.25209 -157.70641
22 *.................................... 21.25964 -157.70717
23 *.................................... 21.28117 -157.71132
24 *.................................... 21.28152 -157.71197
25 *.................................... 21.28508 -157.71852
26 *.................................... 21.28530 -157.71885
27 *.................................... 21.25545 -157.79180
28...................................... 21.23560 -157.78076
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: The coordinates in the table above marked with an asterisk (*) are
not a part of the sanctuary boundary. These coordinates are landward
reference points used to draw a line segment that intersects with the
shoreline.
B.2 Penguin Bank Special Sanctuary Management Area
The Penguin Bank SSMA extends throughout the federal waters of
the Penguin Bank area southwest of Moloka`i and is defined by the
coordinates in table B2 and the following textual description. The
SSMA boundary begins roughly 3.3 nautical miles west of `[Imacr]lio
Point off the northwest tip of Moloka`i at Point 1 at the
intersection of the sanctuary boundary and the three nautical mile
line. From Point 1 the SSMA boundary follows the sanctuary boundary
to the SW and then back around Penguin Bank to the NE to Point 158
located at the intersection of the sanctuary boundary and the three
nautical mile line to the SSW of Lono Harbor on Moloka`i. From Point
158 the SSMA boundary approximates the three nautical mile line
extending west and then north to Point 185 west of northwest tip of
Moloka'i.
Table B2--Coordinates for Penguin Bank
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point ID No. Latitude Longitude
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1....................................... 21.21938 -157.31378
2....................................... 21.20960 -157.31750
3....................................... 21.19332 -157.33268
4....................................... 21.18093 -157.35280
5....................................... 21.17182 -157.37275
6....................................... 21.16902 -157.38062
7....................................... 21.16815 -157.38555
8....................................... 21.16502 -157.39072
9....................................... 21.16172 -157.40372
10...................................... 21.15897 -157.41582
11...................................... 21.15757 -157.42950
12...................................... 21.15815 -157.48270
13...................................... 21.15992 -157.49052
14...................................... 21.15977 -157.49598
15...................................... 21.16400 -157.51087
16...................................... 21.16420 -157.51713
17...................................... 21.16250 -157.52100
18...................................... 21.15935 -157.52552
19...................................... 21.14960 -157.54817
20...................................... 21.14587 -157.55430
21...................................... 21.13998 -157.56070
22...................................... 21.13005 -157.56862
23...................................... 21.12538 -157.57398
24...................................... 21.12152 -157.58915
25...................................... 21.12010 -157.59217
26...................................... 21.11398 -157.60032
27...................................... 21.11063 -157.61628
28...................................... 21.10790 -157.62245
29...................................... 21.10395 -157.62590
30...................................... 21.10122 -157.62655
31...................................... 21.09598 -157.62547
32...................................... 21.09000 -157.62688
33...................................... 21.08793 -157.62815
34...................................... 21.08638 -157.64073
35...................................... 21.08667 -157.64747
36...................................... 21.08440 -157.65763
37...................................... 21.08087 -157.65977
38...................................... 21.07898 -157.65933
39...................................... 21.07202 -157.65358
40...................................... 21.07042 -157.65293
41...................................... 21.06740 -157.65387
42...................................... 21.06593 -157.65628
43...................................... 21.06712 -157.66142
44...................................... 21.06480 -157.66490
45...................................... 21.05858 -157.66980
46...................................... 21.04922 -157.67460
47...................................... 21.04823 -157.67893
48...................................... 21.04197 -157.68637
49...................................... 21.03627 -157.68960
50...................................... 21.03428 -157.69402
51...................................... 21.02722 -157.69850
52...................................... 21.02428 -157.70122
53...................................... 21.02362 -157.70432
54...................................... 21.02553 -157.70895
55...................................... 21.02268 -157.71652
56...................................... 21.01285 -157.71805
57...................................... 20.99600 -157.72255
58...................................... 20.99253 -157.72507
59...................................... 20.98757 -157.73145
60...................................... 20.98167 -157.73470
61...................................... 20.96713 -157.73572
62...................................... 20.95993 -157.73808
63...................................... 20.95725 -157.74017
64...................................... 20.95113 -157.75002
65...................................... 20.93860 -157.75783
66...................................... 20.93642 -157.75822
67...................................... 20.92492 -157.75177
68...................................... 20.92162 -157.75163
69...................................... 20.90925 -157.75475
70...................................... 20.90548 -157.75652
71...................................... 20.90228 -157.75925
72...................................... 20.89710 -157.76182
73...................................... 20.89360 -157.76263
74...................................... 20.88710 -157.76087
75...................................... 20.88213 -157.75663
76...................................... 20.87747 -157.74822
77...................................... 20.87683 -157.74167
78...................................... 20.87448 -157.73667
79...................................... 20.87213 -157.73533
80...................................... 20.86733 -157.73457
81...................................... 20.86332 -157.73522
82...................................... 20.85518 -157.73948
83...................................... 20.85253 -157.73885
84...................................... 20.85070 -157.73525
85...................................... 20.84945 -157.72498
86...................................... 20.84920 -157.71832
87...................................... 20.85037 -157.71212
88...................................... 20.85000 -157.70652
89...................................... 20.85162 -157.70387
90...................................... 20.85670 -157.70343
91...................................... 20.86250 -157.69857
92...................................... 20.86502 -157.69475
93...................................... 20.86575 -157.69173
94...................................... 20.86383 -157.68598
95...................................... 20.86427 -157.67730
96...................................... 20.86502 -157.67523
97...................................... 20.87097 -157.66773
98...................................... 20.87222 -157.66545
99...................................... 20.87347 -157.65898
100..................................... 20.87715 -157.65485
101..................................... 20.87782 -157.65067
102..................................... 20.88127 -157.64455
103..................................... 20.88223 -157.64138
104..................................... 20.88267 -157.63830
105..................................... 20.88217 -157.63645
106..................................... 20.88363 -157.63063
107..................................... 20.88650 -157.62785
108..................................... 20.88775 -157.61990
109..................................... 20.89247 -157.61262
110..................................... 20.89350 -157.60863
111..................................... 20.89658 -157.60333
112..................................... 20.90247 -157.58420
113..................................... 20.91300 -157.57330
114..................................... 20.91492 -157.56742
115..................................... 20.91800 -157.56410
116..................................... 20.92455 -157.54203
117..................................... 20.92668 -157.54018
118..................................... 20.92918 -157.53400
119..................................... 20.93228 -157.51517
120..................................... 20.93332 -157.51258
121..................................... 20.93677 -157.51002
122..................................... 20.95480 -157.51053
123..................................... 20.95687 -157.50825
124..................................... 20.96230 -157.50560
125..................................... 20.96370 -157.50022
126..................................... 20.96297 -157.48638
127..................................... 20.96348 -157.47968
128..................................... 20.96643 -157.46747
129..................................... 20.96768 -157.45805
130..................................... 20.96547 -157.44568
131..................................... 20.96437 -157.43420
132..................................... 20.96467 -157.43267
133..................................... 20.96665 -157.41177
134..................................... 20.96680 -157.40153
135..................................... 20.96775 -157.39682
136..................................... 20.97320 -157.36605
137..................................... 20.97452 -157.36303
138..................................... 20.98998 -157.34743
139..................................... 20.99072 -157.32977
140..................................... 20.99190 -157.32160
[[Page 16245]]
141..................................... 20.99507 -157.30917
142..................................... 20.99557 -157.30762
143..................................... 21.01912 -157.29510
144..................................... 21.02553 -157.28297
145..................................... 21.02898 -157.26972
146..................................... 21.02618 -157.26433
147..................................... 21.02597 -157.26192
148..................................... 21.02657 -157.25772
149..................................... 21.03008 -157.25323
150..................................... 21.03068 -157.25138
151..................................... 21.03127 -157.24270
152..................................... 21.03105 -157.23557
153..................................... 21.02877 -157.23173
154..................................... 21.02883 -157.23033
155..................................... 21.03318 -157.22548
156..................................... 21.03473 -157.21687
157..................................... 21.03693 -157.21223
158..................................... 21.03942 -157.20958
159..................................... 21.03807 -157.22824
160..................................... 21.03587 -157.23534
161..................................... 21.03443 -157.24328
162..................................... 21.03422 -157.25383
163..................................... 21.03594 -157.26426
164..................................... 21.04060 -157.27854
165..................................... 21.04294 -157.29650
166..................................... 21.04342 -157.30569
167..................................... 21.04481 -157.31271
168..................................... 21.04893 -157.32567
169..................................... 21.05564 -157.33776
170..................................... 21.06479 -157.34835
171..................................... 21.07731 -157.35771
172..................................... 21.08558 -157.36150
173..................................... 21.09584 -157.36398
174..................................... 21.10581 -157.36422
175..................................... 21.11550 -157.36240
176..................................... 21.12477 -157.35857
177..................................... 21.13269 -157.35324
178..................................... 21.14126 -157.35083
179..................................... 21.15314 -157.34602
180..................................... 21.16897 -157.33692
181..................................... 21.17781 -157.33065
182..................................... 21.18854 -157.32154
183..................................... 21.19845 -157.30977
184..................................... 21.20836 -157.31292
185..................................... 21.21938 -157.31378
------------------------------------------------------------------------
B.3 Maui Nui Special Sanctuary Management Area
The Maui Nui Special Sanctuary Management Area (SSMA) extends
throughout the federal waters of the Maui Nui area between Maui,
Moloka`i and Lana`i and is defined by the coordinates in table B3
and the following textual description. Point 1 of the SSMA boundary
is located at approximately the intersection of the Moloka`i three
nautical mile line and the sanctuary boundary south of Kaunakakai on
Moloka'i near the Kalohi Channel. From Point 1, the SSMA boundary
extends eastward approximating the three nautical mile line south of
the Moloka`i coastline to Point 29 in numerical order at
approximately the intersection of the Moloka`i three nautical mile
line and the sanctuary boundary line that extends across Pailolo
Channel from Cape Halawa on Moloka`i to Lipoa Pt. on Maui. From
Point 29, the SSMA boundary extends southeast to Point 30 at
approximately the intersection of the Maui three nautical mile line
and the sanctuary boundary line NW of Lipoa Point on Maui. From
Point 30, the SSMA boundary curves southwest and then southeast
approximating the three nautical mile line west and south of the
Maui coastline until it intersects the Kaho`olawe three nautical
mile line and the sanctuary boundary WNW of Molokini between Maui
and Kaho`olawe at Point 87. From Point 87 the SSMA boundary briefly
approximates the Kaho`'olawe three mile line extending west to Point
90 at the intersection of the three nautical mile line north of the
coastline of Kaho`olawe and the sanctuary boundary. From Point 90,
the SSMA boundary extends west along the sanctuary boundary across
the Kealaikahiki Channel until it intersects the Lana`i three
nautical mile line SE of Kamaiki Point at Point 133. From Point 133
the SSMA boundary extends north and then NW to the east of Lana`i to
Point 161 at the intersection of the Lana`i three nautical mile line
and the sanctuary boundary NW of Pohakuloa Point on Lana`i. From
Point 161 the SSMA boundary then follows the sanctuary boundary
north across the Kalohi Channel until it intersects with the
Moloka'i three nautical mile line at Point 175 south of Kaunakakai
on Moloka'i.
Table B3--Coordinates for Maui Nui
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point ID No. Latitude Longitude
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1....................................... 21.03023 -157.02985
2....................................... 21.03049 -157.02138
3....................................... 21.02705 -157.00787
4....................................... 21.02346 -157.00062
5....................................... 21.02127 -156.99402
6....................................... 21.01712 -156.97004
7....................................... 21.01445 -156.96069
8....................................... 21.00991 -156.93421
9....................................... 21.00547 -156.91735
10...................................... 20.99932 -156.90155
11...................................... 20.99696 -156.89138
12...................................... 20.99586 -156.87167
13...................................... 20.99663 -156.86473
14...................................... 20.99893 -156.85595
15...................................... 20.99884 -156.84286
16...................................... 21.00206 -156.82933
17...................................... 21.00980 -156.81031
18...................................... 21.01616 -156.80073
19...................................... 21.01808 -156.78962
20...................................... 21.02005 -156.78311
21...................................... 21.02869 -156.76519
22...................................... 21.03652 -156.75394
23...................................... 21.04036 -156.74628
24...................................... 21.04407 -156.74093
25...................................... 21.05202 -156.73280
26...................................... 21.06728 -156.71150
27...................................... 21.08102 -156.69629
28...................................... 21.08312 -156.68590
29...................................... 21.08871 -156.67334
30...................................... 21.07042 -156.66361
31...................................... 21.06248 -156.67605
32...................................... 21.05499 -156.68365
33...................................... 21.05109 -156.69316
34...................................... 21.04752 -156.69903
35...................................... 21.04327 -156.70435
36...................................... 21.03575 -156.71112
37...................................... 21.02408 -156.71747
38...................................... 21.01320 -156.72087
39...................................... 21.00803 -156.72176
40...................................... 20.98584 -156.73247
41...................................... 20.97786 -156.73546
42...................................... 20.96520 -156.74238
43...................................... 20.95575 -156.74497
44...................................... 20.94800 -156.74578
45...................................... 20.94098 -156.74854
46...................................... 20.93456 -156.75000
47...................................... 20.91471 -156.75057
48...................................... 20.90157 -156.74803
49...................................... 20.88914 -156.74198
50...................................... 20.87936 -156.74188
51...................................... 20.86963 -156.74032
52...................................... 20.86037 -156.73677
53...................................... 20.85463 -156.73336
54...................................... 20.84464 -156.72480
55...................................... 20.83061 -156.71496
56...................................... 20.82338 -156.70795
57...................................... 20.81548 -156.69811
58...................................... 20.80430 -156.69025
59...................................... 20.79795 -156.68372
60...................................... 20.79212 -156.67581
61...................................... 20.78533 -156.67177
62...................................... 20.77577 -156.66422
63...................................... 20.76699 -156.65388
64...................................... 20.76102 -156.64148
65...................................... 20.75919 -156.63461
66...................................... 20.75725 -156.62101
67...................................... 20.75108 -156.61012
68...................................... 20.74827 -156.60341
69...................................... 20.74598 -156.59654
70...................................... 20.74409 -156.58607
71...................................... 20.73787 -156.57521
72...................................... 20.73108 -156.56518
73...................................... 20.72588 -156.55239
74...................................... 20.72436 -156.54448
75...................................... 20.72389 -156.53404
76...................................... 20.72499 -156.52123
77...................................... 20.72788 -156.50927
78...................................... 20.71633 -156.50584
79...................................... 20.70620 -156.50062
80...................................... 20.69323 -156.49907
81...................................... 20.68368 -156.49924
82...................................... 20.68075 -156.51493
83...................................... 20.67829 -156.52150
84...................................... 20.67322 -156.53047
85...................................... 20.66401 -156.54055
86...................................... 20.65861 -156.54451
87...................................... 20.64968 -156.54895
88...................................... 20.65083 -156.55297
89...................................... 20.65337 -156.57010
90...................................... 20.65312 -156.58217
91...................................... 20.65537 -156.58447
92...................................... 20.65585 -156.58633
93...................................... 20.65642 -156.58662
94...................................... 20.65910 -156.58480
95...................................... 20.66143 -156.58503
96...................................... 20.67115 -156.59112
97...................................... 20.67722 -156.59785
98...................................... 20.68497 -156.60053
99...................................... 20.68663 -156.60253
100..................................... 20.68735 -156.60832
101..................................... 20.68873 -156.60913
102..................................... 20.69045 -156.60747
103..................................... 20.69113 -156.60780
104..................................... 20.69342 -156.61248
105..................................... 20.69538 -156.61478
106..................................... 20.69423 -156.61873
107..................................... 20.69583 -156.63433
108..................................... 20.69645 -156.63420
109..................................... 20.69858 -156.63638
[[Page 16246]]
110..................................... 20.70337 -156.64260
111..................................... 20.70265 -156.64542
112..................................... 20.70332 -156.64777
113..................................... 20.70728 -156.65585
114..................................... 20.70685 -156.66297
115..................................... 20.71078 -156.66870
116..................................... 20.70915 -156.67110
117..................................... 20.71102 -156.67300
118..................................... 20.71097 -156.67578
119..................................... 20.71150 -156.67635
120..................................... 20.71230 -156.74228
121..................................... 20.71307 -156.74668
122..................................... 20.71140 -156.75772
123..................................... 20.71278 -156.76380
124..................................... 20.71360 -156.76490
125..................................... 20.71513 -156.76518
126..................................... 20.71900 -156.76422
127..................................... 20.72077 -156.76490
128..................................... 20.72253 -156.76680
129..................................... 20.72268 -156.77808
130..................................... 20.72568 -156.78875
131..................................... 20.72818 -156.79143
132..................................... 20.73233 -156.79100
133..................................... 20.73277 -156.79140
134..................................... 20.74336 -156.78335
135..................................... 20.75400 -156.77792
136..................................... 20.76659 -156.76785
137..................................... 20.78643 -156.75726
138..................................... 20.79940 -156.75340
139..................................... 20.81653 -156.75192
140..................................... 20.83137 -156.75336
141..................................... 20.84395 -156.75769
142..................................... 20.85576 -156.76497
143..................................... 20.86235 -156.77027
144..................................... 20.87463 -156.77687
145..................................... 20.88903 -156.78849
146..................................... 20.90091 -156.80067
147..................................... 20.91454 -156.81671
148..................................... 20.92819 -156.83095
149..................................... 20.93291 -156.83751
150..................................... 20.94170 -156.84610
151..................................... 20.95280 -156.86190
152..................................... 20.96241 -156.88264
153..................................... 20.96897 -156.90386
154..................................... 20.97007 -156.91505
155..................................... 20.97363 -156.93338
156..................................... 20.97388 -156.96004
157..................................... 20.97771 -156.97295
158..................................... 20.97947 -156.98352
159..................................... 20.97955 -156.99051
160..................................... 20.97670 -157.01397
161..................................... 20.97673 -157.01983
162..................................... 20.97710 -157.01823
163..................................... 20.97945 -157.01595
164..................................... 20.98107 -157.01550
165..................................... 20.98408 -157.01690
166..................................... 20.98770 -157.01522
167..................................... 20.99727 -157.01573
168..................................... 21.00640 -157.01808
169..................................... 21.01463 -157.01638
170..................................... 21.01662 -157.01742
171..................................... 21.01817 -157.01955
172..................................... 21.02207 -157.01955
173..................................... 21.02663 -157.02110
174..................................... 21.02795 -157.02198
175..................................... 21.03023 -157.02985
------------------------------------------------------------------------
0
2. Revise Sec. 922.48 to read as follows:
Sec. 922.48 National Marine Sanctuary permits--application procedures
and issuance criteria.
(a) A person may conduct an activity prohibited by subparts F
through O, and Q, if conducted in accordance with the scope, purpose,
terms and conditions of a permit issued under this section and subparts
F through O, and Q, as appropriate. For the Florida Keys National
Marine Sanctuary, a person may conduct an activity prohibited by
subpart P if conducted in accordance with the scope, purpose, terms and
conditions of a permit issued under Sec. 922.166. For the Thunder Bay
National Marine Sanctuary and Underwater Preserve, a person may conduct
an activity prohibited by subpart R in accordance with the scope,
purpose, terms and conditions of a permit issued under Sec. 922.195.
(b) Applications for permits to conduct activities otherwise
prohibited by subparts F through O, and Q, should be addressed to the
Director and sent to the address specified in subparts F through O, and
Q, or subpart R, as appropriate. An application must include:
(1) A detailed description of the proposed activity including a
timetable for completion;
(2) The equipment, personnel and methodology to be employed;
(3) The qualifications and experience of all personnel;
(4) The potential effects of the activity, if any, on Sanctuary
resources and qualities; and
(5) Copies of all other required licenses, permits, approvals or
other authorizations.
(c) Upon receipt of an application, the Director may request such
additional information from the applicant as he or she deems necessary
to act on the application and may seek the views of any persons or
entity, within or outside the Federal government, and may hold a public
hearing, as deemed appropriate.
(d) The Director, at his or her discretion, may issue a permit,
subject to such terms and conditions as he or she deems appropriate, to
conduct a prohibited activity, in accordance with the criteria found in
subparts F through O, and Q, or subpart R, as appropriate. The Director
shall further impose, at a minimum, the conditions set forth in the
relevant subpart.
(e) A permit granted pursuant to this section is nontransferable.
(f) The Director may amend, suspend, or revoke a permit issued
pursuant to this section for good cause. The Director may deny a permit
application pursuant to this section, in whole or in part, if it is
determined that the permittee or applicant has acted in violation of
the terms and conditions of a permit or of the regulations set forth in
this section or subparts F through O, and Q, subpart R or for other
good cause. Any such action shall be communicated in writing to the
permittee or applicant by certified mail and shall set forth the
reason(s) for the action taken. Procedures governing permit sanctions
and denials for enforcement reasons are set forth in subpart D of 15
CFR part 904.
0
3. Revise Sec. 922.49 to read as follows:
Sec. 922.49 Notification and review of applications for leases,
licenses, permits, approvals, or other authorizations to conduct a
prohibited activity.
(a) A person may conduct an activity prohibited by subparts L
through R of the part, if such activity is specifically authorized by
any valid Federal, State, or local lease, permit, license, approval, or
other authorization issued after the effective date of Sanctuary
designation, or in the case of the Florida Keys National Marine
Sanctuary after the effective date of the regulations in subpart P,
provided that:
(1) The applicant notifies the Director, in writing, of the
application for such authorization (and of any application for an
amendment, renewal, or extension of such authorization) within fifteen
(15) days of the date of filing of the application or the effective
date of Sanctuary designation, or in the case of the Florida Keys
National Marine Sanctuary the effective date of the regulations in
subpart P, whichever is later;
(2) The applicant complies with the other provisions of this
section;
(3) The Director notifies the applicant and authorizing agency that
he or she does not object to issuance of the authorization (or
amendment, renewal, or extension); and
(4) The applicant complies with any terms and conditions the
Director deems reasonably necessary to protect Sanctuary resources and
qualities.
(b) Any potential applicant for an authorization described in
paragraph (a) of this section may request the Director to issue a
finding as to whether the activity for which an application is intended
to be made is prohibited by subparts L through R, as appropriate.
(c) Notification of filings of applications should be sent to the
Director, Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management at the
address specified in subparts L through R of this part, as appropriate.
A copy of the application must accompany the notification.
(d) The Director may request additional information from the
[[Page 16247]]
applicant as he or she deems reasonably necessary to determine whether
to object to issuance of an authorization described in paragraph (a) of
this section, or what terms and conditions are reasonably necessary to
protect Sanctuary resources and qualities. The information requested
must be received by the Director within 45 days of the postmark date of
the request. The Director may seek the views of any persons on the
application.
(e) The Director shall notify, in writing, the agency to which
application has been made of his or her pending review of the
application and possible objection to issuance. Upon completion of
review of the application and information received with respect
thereto, the Director shall notify both the agency and applicant, in
writing, whether he or she has an objection to issuance and what terms
and conditions he or she deems reasonably necessary to protect
Sanctuary resources and qualities, and reasons therefor.
(f) The Director may amend the terms and conditions deemed
reasonably necessary to protect Sanctuary resources and qualities
whenever additional information becomes available justifying such an
amendment.
(g) Any time limit prescribed in or established under this Sec.
922.49 may be extended by the Director for good cause.
(h) The applicant may appeal any objection by, or terms or
conditions imposed by, the Director to the Assistant Administrator or
designee in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 922.50.
0
4. Revise section Sec. 922.50 to read as follows:
Sec. 922.50 Appeals of administrative action.
Except for permit actions taken for enforcement reasons (see
subpart D of 15 CFR part 904 for applicable procedures), an applicant
for, or a holder of, a National Marine Sanctuary permit; an applicant
for, or a holder of, a Special Use permit issued pursuant to section
310 of the Act; a person requesting certification of an existing lease,
permit, license or right of subsistence use or access under Sec.
922.47; or, for those Sanctuaries described in subparts L through R, an
applicant for a lease, permit, license or other authorization issued by
any Federal, State, or local authority of competent jurisdiction
(hereinafter appellant) may appeal to the Assistant Administrator:
(a) The granting, denial, conditioning, amendment, suspension or
revocation by the Director of a National Marine Sanctuary or Special
Use permit;
(b) The conditioning, amendment, suspension or revocation of a
certification under Sec. 922.47; or
(c) For those Sanctuaries described in subparts L through R, the
objection to issuance of or the imposition of terms and conditions on a
lease, permit, license or other authorization issued by any Federal,
State, or local authority of competent jurisdiction.
[FR Doc. 2015-06441 Filed 3-25-15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-NK-P