[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 108 (Monday, June 6, 2016)]
[Notices]
[Pages 36295-36300]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2016-13245]
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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
[Case No. WH-002]
Notice of Petition for Waiver of HTP, Inc. From the Department of
Energy Commercial Water Heater Test Procedure
AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of
Energy.
ACTION: Notice of petition for waiver and request for public comments.
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SUMMARY: This notice announces receipt of and publishes a petition for
waiver from HTP, Inc. (HTP) seeking an exemption from specified
provisions applicable to standby loss of the U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE) test procedure for commercial water heating equipment. The waiver
request pertains to HTP's specified models of commercial instantaneous
water heaters containing 10 gallons or more of water. In its petition,
HTP contends that its specified water heater models that employ tube-
type heat exchangers and are designed to be flow activated cannot be
accurately tested using the currently applicable DOE test procedure.
Consequently, HTP seeks to use an alternate test procedure to address
certain issues involved in testing the specific basic models identified
in its petition. DOE solicits comments, data, and information
concerning HTP's petition and its suggested alternate test procedure.
DATES: DOE will accept comments, data, and information with respect to
the HTP Petition until July 6, 2016.
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments, identified by case number WH-002,
by any of the following methods:
Federal eRulemaking Portal: http://www.regulations.gov.
Follow the instructions for submitting comments.
Email: [email protected]. Include the case
number [Case No. WH-002] in the subject line of the message. Submit
electronic comments in WordPerfect, Microsoft Word, PDF, or ASCII file
format, and avoid the use of special characters or any form of
encryption.
Postal Mail: Ms. Brenda Edwards, U.S. Department of
Energy, Building Technologies Office, Mailstop EE-5B, Petition for
Waiver Case No. WH-002, 1000 Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC
20585-0121. Telephone: (202) 586-2945. If possible, please submit all
items on a compact disc (CD), in which case it is not necessary to
include printed copies.
Hand Delivery/Courier: Ms. Brenda Edwards, U.S. Department
of Energy, Building Technologies Office, 950 L'Enfant Plaza SW., Suite
600, Washington, DC 20024. If possible, please submit all items on a
CD, in which case it is not necessary to include printed copies.
Docket: The docket, which includes Federal Register notices,
comments, and other supporting documents/materials, is available for
review at www.regulations.gov. All documents in the docket are listed
in the www.regulations.gov index. However, some documents listed in the
index, such as those containing information that is exempt from public
disclosure, may not be publicly available.
For further information on how to submit a comment, or review other
public comments and the docket, contact Ms. Brenda Edwards at (202)
586-2945 or by email: [email protected].
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. Bryan Berringer, U.S. Department
of Energy, Building Technologies Office, Mail Stop EE-5B, 1000
Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20585-0121. Telephone: (202)
586-0371. Email: [email protected].
Mr. Eric Stas, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of the General
Counsel, GC-33, 1000 Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20585-
0121. Telephone: (202) 586-9507. Email: [email protected].
For information on how to submit or review public comments, contact
Ms. Brenda Edwards, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Office, Mailstop
EE-5B, 1000 Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20585-0121.
Telephone: (202) 586-2945. Email: [email protected].
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background and Authority
Title III, Part C \1\ of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of
1975 (EPCA), Public Law 94-163 (42 U.S.C. 6311-6317, as codified),
added by Public Law 95-619, established the Energy Conservation Program
for Certain Industrial Equipment, which includes commercial water
heaters, the focus of this notice.\2\ Part C specifically includes
definitions (42 U.S.C. 6311), energy conservation standards (42 U.S.C
6313), test procedures (42 U.S.C. 6314), labeling provisions (42 U.S.C.
6315), and the authority to require information and reports from
manufacturers. (42 U.S.C. 6316) With respect to test procedures, Part C
authorizes the Secretary of Energy (the Secretary) to prescribe test
procedures that are reasonably designed to produce results that measure
energy efficiency, energy use, and estimated annual operating costs
during a representative average-use cycle, and that are not unduly
burdensome to conduct. (42 U.S.C. 6314(a)(2)) EPCA also directs DOE to
consider amending the existing test procedure for each type of
equipment listed each time the industry test procedure is amended for
such equipment. (42 U.S.C. 6314(a)(4)) The test procedure for
commercial water heaters is contained in the Code of Federal
Regulations (CFR) at 10 CFR part 431, subpart G.
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\1\ For editorial reasons, upon codification in the U.S. Code,
Part C was re-designated Part A-1.
\2\ All references to EPCA in this document refer to the statute
as amended through the Energy Efficiency Improvement Act of 2015
(EEIA 2015), Public Law 114-11 (April 30, 2015).
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DOE's regulations set forth at 10 CFR 431.401 contain provisions
that permit a person to seek a waiver from the test procedure
requirements for covered equipment if at least one of the following
conditions is met: (1) The basic model contains one or more design
characteristics that prevent testing according to the prescribed test
procedures; or (2) the prescribed test procedures may evaluate the
basic model in a manner so unrepresentative of its true energy
consumption as to provide materially inaccurate comparative data. 10
CFR 431.401(a)(1). A petitioner must include in its petition any
alternate test procedures known to the petitioner to evaluate the basic
model in a manner representative of its energy consumption. 10 CFR
431.401(b)(1)(iii). DOE may grant a waiver subject to conditions,
including adherence to alternate test procedures. 10 CFR 431.401(f)(2).
As soon as practicable after the granting of any waiver, DOE will
publish in the Federal Register a notice of proposed rulemaking to
amend its regulations so as to eliminate any need for the continuation
of such waiver. As soon thereafter as practicable, DOE will publish in
the Federal Register a final rule. 10 CFR 431.401(l).
II. Petition for Waiver of Test Procedure
On February 17, 2015, HTP filed a petition for waiver from the DOE
test
[[Page 36296]]
procedure at 10 CFR 431.106 to measure standby loss of commercial water
heating equipment. This petition addresses HTP's specified models of
commercial instantaneous water heaters containing 10 gallons or more of
water. The current DOE efficiency test procedure for commercial water
heaters incorporates by reference the relevant industry test standard
for measuring thermal efficiency and standby loss, as specified in
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) ANSI Z21.10.3-2011, Gas-
Fired Water Heaters, Volume III, Storage Water Heaters, With Input
Ratings Above 75,000 Btu Per Hour, Circulating and Instantaneous. In
its petition, HTP contends that its identified basic models rely on
flow of water through the heater to activate the burner, but because
the current DOE test procedure does not take into account such units,
it does not provide a proper representation of the standby loss of
these models. The current standby loss test procedure is designed to
test tank-type water heaters which are thermostatically operated. The
models for which HTP is seeking this test procedure waiver employ tube-
type heat exchangers and are designed to be flow activated. To address
the apparent shortcomings of ANSI Z21.10.3-2011, HTP has submitted to
DOE an alternate test procedure for measuring the standby loss of tube-
type instantaneous water heaters, as addressed in sections E.1 and E.3
of ANSI Z21.10.3-2012, Gas-Fired Water Heaters, Volume III, Storage
Water Heaters, With Input Ratings Above 75,000 Btu Per Hour,
Circulating and Instantaneous. HTP believes this alternative provides a
representative measure of the standby loss of these models.
III. Alternate Test Procedure
EPCA requires that manufacturers use DOE test procedures when
making representations about the energy consumption and energy
consumption costs of products and equipment covered by the statute. (42
U.S.C. 6293(c); 6314(d)) Consistent representations about the energy
efficiency of covered products and equipment are important for
consumers evaluating products when making purchasing decisions and for
manufacturers to demonstrate compliance with applicable DOE energy
conservation standards. Pursuant to its regulations applicable to
waivers and interim waivers from applicable test procedures at 10 CFR
431.401, DOE will consider setting an alternate test procedure for HTP
in a subsequent Decision and Order.
HTP has submitted to DOE an alternate test procedure for measuring
the standby loss of tube-type instantaneous water heaters as addressed
in ANSI Z21.10.3-2012 sections E.1 and E.3. Specifically, HTP has
submitted the following alternate test procedure to accurately
represent the standby loss of its commercial instantaneous water
heaters containing 10 gallons or more of water:
Z21.10.3-2012 Exhibit E Efficiency Test Procedures
E.1 Method of Test For Measuring Thermal Efficiency
A water heater for installation on combustible floors shall be
placed on \3/4\ in (1.9 cm) plywood platform supported by three 2 x 4
runners. If the water heater is for installation on noncombustible
floors, suitable noncombustible material shall be placed on the
platform. When the use of the platform for a large water heater is not
practical, the water heater may be placed on any suitable flooring. A
wall mounted water heater shall be mounted to a simulated wall section.
Placement in the test room shall be in an area protected from
drafts.
Inlet and outlet piping shall be immediately turned vertically
downward from the connections on a tank-type water heater so as to form
heat traps. Any factory supplied heat traps shall be installed per the
installation instructions. Thermocouples for measuring inlet and outlet
water temperatures shall be installed before the inlet heat trap piping
and after the outlet heat trap piping.
Water-tube water heaters shall be installed as shown in Figure 3,
Arrangement for Testing Water-tube Type Instantaneous and Circulating
Water Heaters.
a. Piping Insulation
Insulate the water piping, including heat traps, for a length of 4
ft (1.22 m) from the connection at the appliance with material having a
thermal resistance (R) value of not less than 4 [F[middot]ft
[middot]hr/Btu (0.7 K[middot]m/W)]. Care should be taken so the
insulation does not contact any appliance surface except at the
location where the pipe connections penetrate the appliance jacket.
b. Temperature and Pressure Relief Valve Insulation
If the manufacturer has not provided a temperature and pressure
relief valve, one shall be installed and insulated as specified above.
c. Vent Requirements
1. Appliance Equipped With Draft Hoods
All tests shall be conducted with the natural draft established by
the following vent pipe arrangements:
A vertically discharging vent connection shall have attached to and
vertically above it, 5 ft (1.52 m) of vent pipe the same size as the
outlet. If the vent does not discharge vertically, a suitable elbow
shall be installed first.
2. Direct Vent Appliances and Mechanically Vented
The appliance shall be installed with the venting arrangement
specified in the manufacturer's instructions. The water heater shall be
installed with the manufacturer's specified minimum venting length
venting arrangement.
d. Water Supply
During conduct of this test, the temperature of the supply water
shall be maintained at 70 2 [deg]F (21 1
[deg]C). The pressure of the water supply shall be maintained between
40 psi (275.8 kPa) and the maximum pressure specified by the
manufacturer for the appliance under test. The accuracy of the pressure
measuring devices shall be 1.0 psi (6.9 kPa). For a water-
tube water heater, the inlet water temperature shall be maintained at
the supply water temperature or as specified by the manufacturer (see
2.1.8).
A tank-type water heater shall be isolated by use of a shutoff
valve in the supply line with an expansion tank installed in the supply
line downstream of the shutoff valve. There shall be no shutoff means
between the expansion tank and the appliance inlet.
e. Gas Supply
The gas rate shall be adjusted as specified in 2.3.3. The outlet
pressure of the gas appliance pressure regulator shall be within 10 percent of that recommended by the manufacturer. The higher
heating value of the gas burned shall be obtained.
f. Installation of Temperature Sensing Means
For tank-type water heaters, six (6) temperature sensing means
shall be installed inside the storage tank on the vertical center of
each of 6 nonoverlapping sections of approximately equal volume from
the top to the bottom of the tank. Each temperature sensing means is to
be located as far as possible from any heat source or other
irregularity, anodic protective device, or water tank or flue wall. The
anodic protective device may
[[Page 36297]]
be removed in order to install the temperature sensing means and all
testing may be carried out with the device removed.
If the temperature sensing means cannot be installed as specified
above, placement of the temperature sensing means shall be made at the
discretion of the testing agency so comparable water temperature
measurements may be obtained.
A temperature sensing means, shielded against direct radiation and
positioned at the vertical midpoint of the water heater at a
perpendicular distance of approximately 24 in (610 mm) from the surface
of the jacket, shall be installed in the test room.
g. Setting Tank Thermostat
Before starting testing of a tank-type water heater, the setting of
the thermostat shall first be obtained by starting with the water in
the system at 70 2 [deg]F (21 1 [deg]C) and
noting the maximum mean temperature of the water after the thermostat
reduces the gas supply to a minimum. The temperature shall be 140
5 [deg]F (60 3 [deg]C).
h. Energy Consumption
Instrumentation shall be installed which determines, within 1 percent:
1. The quantity and rate of gas consumed.
2. The quantity of electricity consumed by factory supplied water
heater components, and of the test loop recirculating pump, if used.
i. Room Ambient Temperature
The ambient air temperature of the test room shall be maintained at
75 10 [deg]F (24 5.5 [deg]C), as measured by
the test room temperature sensing means described in ``-f'' above.
The ambient air temperatures shall be measured at 15 minute
intervals during conduct of this test. The room temperature shall not
vary more than 7.0 [deg]F ( 4 [deg]C) from the
average during the test, temperature readings being taken by means of a
recording thermometer at 15 minute intervals and averaged at the end of
the test.
j. Efficiency Measurement
The outlet water temperature shall be adjusted by varying the rate
of flow until temperature is constant at 70 2 [deg]F (21
1 [deg]C) above the supply temperature. After the outlet
temperature has become constant, as indicated by no variation in excess
of 2 [deg]F (1 [deg]C) over a 3 minute period, the outlet water shall
be diverted from the waste line to a weighing container. A scale with
an error no greater than 1 percent of the total draw shall be used.
Water shall be allowed to flow into the weighing container for exactly
30 minutes. The gas consumption and electrical power consumption of
factory supplied heater components and of the test loop-recirculating
pump, if used, shall be measured for the 30 minute period. At this
time, the outlet water shall be diverted back into the waste line, the
meter readings noted, and the weight of heater water recorded.
Throughout the period of test, supply and outlet water temperatures
shall be recorded every minute. The temperature, pressure and heating
value of the gas metered and barometric pressure shall be obtained.
A water meter with an error no greater than 1 percent of the total
draw may be used instead of the scale and weighing container.
Thermal efficiency, Et, shall be computed by use of the following
formula:
Et = (KW ([thgr]2-[thgr]1)/[(CF x Q x
H) + Ec]) x 100
Where:
K = 1.004 Btu per pound mass degree F (4184 J/kg [deg]C), nominal
specific heat of water at 105 [deg]F;
W = total weight of water heated, lbs. (kg);
[thgr]1 = average temperature of supply water, [deg]F
([deg]C);
[thgr]2 = average temperature of outlet water, [deg]F
([deg]C);
Q = total gas consumed as metered, cu. ft. (m\3\);
Cs = correction applied to the heating value H, when it
is metered at temperature and/or pressure conditions other than the
standard conditions. At which the heating value of gas is specified
[normally 30 inches mercury column (101.3 kPa) and 60 [deg]F (15.5
[deg]C)];
H = total heating value of gas, Btu per cu. ft. (MJ/m3);
and
Ec = electrical consumption of the water heater and, when
used, the test setup recirculating pump, specified in Btu (kJ).
Standby Loss for Tank Type Water Heaters Shall Be Determined Using
Appendix E.2
Standby Loss for Tube Type Water Heaters That Contain 10 or More
Gallons Within the Water Heater, as Determined Under 5.27, Shall Be
Determined Using Appendix E.3
E.3 Method of Test for Measuring Standby Loss for Tube Type
Instantaneous Water Heaters With 10 or Greater Gallons of Storage
The appliance shall be installed as specified in G.1, Method of
Test for Measuring Thermal Efficiency. This test may be conducted
immediately following the thermal efficiency test. In this case, start
the test after the main burner(s) has shut down and, if applicable, the
water pump has shut down. Otherwise, the water heater shall be put into
operation under the same test conditions specified in G.1, and the
outlet water temperature shall be adjusted by varying the rate of flow
until temperature is constant at 70 2 [deg]F (21 1 [deg]C) above the supply temperature. After the outlet
temperatures becomes constant, as indicated by no variation in excess
of 2 [deg]F (1 [deg]C) over a 3 minute period, shut down the main
burner(s) and, if applicable, wait for the water pump to shut down, and
then start the test.
At the start of the test, record the time, ambient temperature,
outlet water temperature, supply water temperature, and begin measuring
the fuel and electric consumption.
During the first hour, outlet water temperature, supply water
temperature and the ambient air temperature shall be measured at the
end of each 5 minute interval. For the remainder of the test, these
measurements shall be made at the end of every 15 minute interval. The
duration of this test shall be 24 hours. If the main burner is firing
at 24 hours, continue the test until the main burner and the water
pump, if applicable, have shut down.
Immediately after the conclusion of the test, record the total fuel
flow and electrical energy consumption, the final ambient air
temperature, and the final outlet water temperature.
Calculate the average of the ambient air temperatures and the
supply water temperatures taken at the end of each time interval,
including the initial and final values.
The average hourly standby loss, S, rounded to the nearest Btu per
hour, shall be determined by the formula:
S = [(Cs(Qs)(H) + Ec)/t]-[([Delta]T4)/([Delta]T3)(t)Et ]
Where:
Cs = correction applied to the heating value of a gas H, when it is
metered at temperature and/or pressure conditions other than the
standard conditions for which the value of H is based;
H = higher heating value of gas, Btu per cu. ft. (MJ/m3);
Qs = total fuel flow as metered, cu. ft. (m3);
[Delta]T3 = difference between the outlet temperature and the
average value of the ambient air temperature, [deg]F ([deg]C);
[Delta]T4 = difference between the average supply water temperature
and the outlet temperature, [deg]F ([deg]C);
t = duration of test, hrs.;
Ec = electrical energy consumption expressed in Btu (kJ); and
Et = thermal efficiency as determined under G1, Method of Test for
Measuring Thermal Efficiency
[[Page 36298]]
If the main burner(s) does not cycle on during this test, the
hourly average standby loss calculation simplifies to:
S = {(K(Va)([Delta]T4)/Et) + Ec{time} /t
For water heaters that will not initiate or cause actions that will
initiate burner operation, the following simplified procedure may be
used to measure the hourly standby loss.
This test may be conducted immediately following the thermal
efficiency test. In this case, start the test after the main burner(s)
has shut down and, if applicable, the water pump has shut down.
Otherwise provide the electrical connection as specified in G.1.,
Method of Test for Measuring Thermal Efficiency, and start the test.
At the start of the test, record the time and begin measuring the
electric consumption for one hour.
Record the duration of the test and the total electrical
consumption during the test.
The average hourly standby loss, S, rounded to the nearest Btu per
hour, shall be determined by the formula:
S = [(([Delta]T5 k Va / Et)/24) + Ec]
Where:
[Delta]T5 = 70 [deg]F (38.9 [deg]C), difference between the supply
and outlet water temperatures;
k = 8.25 Btu/gallon [deg]F (4147.6331 J/l [deg]C), the nominal
specific heat of water;
Va = water contained in the water heater expressed in gallons (L),
as determined under 5.27;
Ec = electrical energy consumption expressed in Btu (kJ); and
Et = thermal efficiency as determined under G1, Method of Test for
Measuring Thermal Efficiency.
The following basic models are included in HTP's petition:
ModCon1000VWH
ModCon1700VWH
IV. Summary and Request for Comments
Through this notice, DOE announces receipt of and is publishing
HTP's petition for waiver from the DOE test procedure for commercial
water heaters for its ModCon 1000VWH and ModCon 1700VWH commercial
instantaneous water heater models, which contain 10 gallons or more of
water. The petition contains no confidential information. The petition
includes a suggested alternate test procedure to determine the thermal
efficiency and standby loss of HTP's specified basic models of
commercial instantaneous water heaters containing 10 gallons or more of
water. DOE is considering including this alternate test procedure in
its subsequent Decision and Order.
DOE solicits comments from interested parties on all aspects of the
petition, including the suggested alternate test procedure and
calculation methodology. Pursuant to 10 CFR 431.401(d), any person
submitting written comments to DOE must also send a copy of such
comments to the petitioner. The contact information for the petitioner
is: Mr. Aleksandr Kovalenko, Director of Engineering, HTP, Inc., P.O.
Box 429, 120 Braley Road, East Freetown, MA 02717. All submissions
received must include the agency name and case number for this
proceeding. Submit electronic comments in WordPerfect, Microsoft Word,
Portable Document Format (PDF), or text (American Standard Code for
Information Interchange (ASCII)) file format and avoid the use of
special characters or any form of encryption. Wherever possible,
include the electronic signature of the author. DOE does not accept
telefacsimiles (faxes).
Pursuant to 10 CFR 1004.11, any person submitting information that
he or she believes to be confidential and exempt by law from public
disclosure should submit two copies: One copy of the document marked
``confidential'' with all of the information believed to be
confidential included, and one copy of the document marked ``non-
confidential'' with all of the information believed to be confidential
deleted. DOE will make its own determination about the confidential
status of the information and treat it according to its determination.
Issued in Washington, DC, on May 31, 2016.
Kathleen B. Hogan,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency, Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy.
HTP
Advanced Heating and Hot water Systems
P.O. Box 429
120 Braley Road
East Freetown, MA 02717
508-763-8071
FAX: 508-763-3769
February 17, 2015
U.S. Department of Energy
Building Technologies Program, MS EE-2J
Test Procedure Waiver
1000 Independence Avenue SW.
Washington, DC 20585-0121
Re: Waiver for Test Procedure for Commercial Water Heating Equipment
To Whom It May Concern:
Pursuant to the provisions of 10 CFR 431.401, HTP, Inc. is hereby
applying for a waiver of the standby loss test procedure of 10 CFR
.431.106 for the following basic model(s) of commercial instantaneous
water heaters containing 10 gallons or more of water.
ModCon1000VWH
ModCon1700VWH
The current Department of Energy efficiency test procedure for
commercial water heaters references the relevant test procedures for
measuring thermal efficiency and standby loss specified in the
standard, ANSI Z21.10.3-2011. The identified basic model(s) rely on
flow of water through the heater to activate the burner. As will be
explained below, the current test procedure does not provide a proper
representation of the standby loss of these models.
The current standby loss test procedure is included as Attachment
A. This procedure is designed to test tank-type water heaters which are
thermostatically operated. The basic steps of the procedure are to heat
the water within the water heater, turn off the burner or element and
then measure all the energy consumption that occurs while the water
heater is ``standing by'' for approximately 24 hours with no water
being withdrawn from it. The key measurement of the test procedure is
the energy consumed by the burner or heating element when the
thermostat senses that the water in the tank has cooled down to the
point where it needs to be reheated. The current test does not address
water heaters that have no means to activate the burner or heating
element if no heated water is being drawn from the unit, i.e. the
standby condition.
The models for which HTP, Inc. is seeking this test procedure
waiver employ tube type heat exchangers and are designed to be flow
activated. That is, the burner does not come on until water flow
through the unit is sensed. Under the current standby loss test
procedure, the burner on these models will not fire at any time during
the test and the resulting standby loss measurement would be nearly
zero. That measurement is not representative of the standby loss
characteristics of these models. HTP, Inc. believes that the current
test procedure evaluates the standby loss of the identified basic
model(s) in a manner so unrepresentative of the true energy consumption
as to provide materially inaccurate comparative data.
The manufacturers of all other basic models marketed in the United
States known to HTP, Inc. do incorporate similar design characteristics
is included as Attachment B.
An alternative procedure for measuring the standby loss of tube
type instantaneous water heater is included as Attachment C. HTP, Inc.
believes this
[[Page 36299]]
alternative provides a representative measure of the standby loss of
these models. HTP, Inc. requests that DOE grant it a waiver to use this
alternative procedure in lieu of the standby loss procedure specified
in the current DOE efficiency test procedures for commercial water
heaters.
Respectfully submitted,
Aleksandr Kovalenko
Director of Engineering
HTP, Inc.
Attachment A: [Excerpts from DOE's current commercial water heater
regulations at 10 CFR 431.100-110. Not reproduced here.]
Attachment B:
Manufacturers of Commercial Tube Type Water Heaters containing 10
gallons or more
A.O. Smith Corporation
11270 W Park Place
PO Box 245008
Milwaukee, WI 53224-3623
Laars Heating Systems Company
20 Industrial Way
Rochester, NH 03867-4296
Lochinvar LLC
300 Maddox Simpson Pkwy
Lebanon, TN 37090-5366
Thermal Solutions Products, LLC, a
Subsidiary of Burnham Holdings
PO BOX 3244
Lancaster, PA 17604-3244
Attachment C
AHRI Recommended Standby Loss Test Procedure for Commercial Tube-
Type Instantaneous Water Heaters and Hot Water Supply Boilers That
Contain At Least 10 Gallons of Water
Z21.10.3-2012 Exhibit E Efficiency Test Procedures
E.1 Method of Test for Measuring Thermal Efficiency
A water heater for installation on combustible floors shall be
placed on \3/4\ in (1.9 cm) plywood platform supported by three 2 x 4
runners. If the water heater is for installation on noncombustible
floors, suitable noncombustible material shall be placed on the
platform. When the use of the platform for a large water heater is not
practical, the water heater may be placed on any suitable flooring. A
wall mounted water heater shall be mounted to a simulated wall section.
Placement in the test room shall be in an area protected from
drafts.
Inlet and outlet piping shall be immediately turned vertically
downward from the connections on a tank-type water heater so as to form
heat traps. Any factory supplied heat traps shall be installed per the
installation instructions. Thermocouples for measuring inlet and outlet
water temperatures shall be installed before the inlet heat trap piping
and after the outlet heat trap piping.
Water-tube water heaters shall be installed as shown in Figure 3,
Arrangement for Testing Water-tube Type Instantaneous and Circulating
Water Heaters.
a. Piping Insulation
Insulate the water piping, including heat traps, for a length of 4
ft (1.22 m) from the connection at the appliance with material having a
thermal resistance (R) value of not less than 4 [F[middot]ft
[middot]hr/Btu (0.7 K[middot]m/W)]. Care should be taken so the
insulation does not contact any appliance surface except at the
location where the pipe connections penetrate the appliance jacket.
b. Temperature and Pressure Relief Valve Insulation
If the manufacturer has not provided a temperature and pressure
relief valve, one shall be installed and insulated as specified above.
c. Vent Requirements
1. Appliance Equipped With Draft Hoods
All tests shall be conducted with the natural draft established by
the following vent pipe arrangements:
A vertically discharging vent connection shall have attached to and
vertically above it, 5 ft (1.52 m) of vent pipe the same size as the
outlet. If the vent does not discharge vertically, a suitable elbow
shall be installed first.
2. Direct Vent Appliances and Mechanically Vented
The appliance shall be installed with the venting arrangement
specified in the manufacturer's instructions. The water heater shall be
installed with the manufacturer's specified minimum venting length
venting arrangement.
d. Water Supply
During conduct of this test, the temperature of the supply water
shall be maintained at 70 2[deg]F (21
1[deg]C). The pressure of the water supply shall be maintained between
40 psi (275.8 kPa) and the maximum pressure specified by the
manufacturer for the appliance under test. The accuracy of the pressure
measuring devices shall be 1.0 psi (6.9 kPa). For a water-
tube water heater, the inlet water temperature shall be maintained at
the supply water temperature or as specified by the manufacturer (see
2.1.8).
A tank-type water heater shall be isolated by use of a shutoff
valve in the supply line with an expansion tank installed in the supply
line downstream of the shutoff valve. There shall be no shutoff means
between the expansion tank and the appliance inlet.
e. Gas Supply
The gas rate shall be adjusted as specified in 2.3.3. The outlet
pressure of the gas appliance pressure regulator shall be within 10 percent of that recommended by the manufacturer. The higher
heating value of the gas burned shall be obtained.
f. Installation of Temperature Sensing Means
For tank-type water heaters, six (6) temperature sensing means
shall be installed inside the storage tank on the vertical center of
each of 6 nonoverlapping sections of approximately equal volume from
the top to the bottom of the tank. Each temperature sensing means is to
be located as far as possible from any heat source or other
irregularity, anodic protective device, or water tank or flue wall. The
anodic protective device may be removed in order to install the
temperature sensing means and all testing may be carried out with the
device removed.
If the temperature sensing means cannot be installed as specified
above, placement of the temperature sensing means shall be made at the
discretion of the testing agency so comparable water temperature
measurements may be obtained.
A temperature sensing means, shielded against direct radiation and
positioned at the vertical midpoint of the water heater at a
perpendicular distance of approximately 24 in (610 mm) from the surface
of the jacket, shall be installed in the test room.
g. Setting Tank Thermostat
Before starting testing of a tank-type water heater, the setting of
the thermostat shall first be obtained by starting with the water in
the system at 70 2[deg]F (21 1[deg]C) and
noting the maximum mean temperature of the water after the thermostat
reduces the gas supply to a minimum. The temperature shall be 140
5[deg]F (60 3[deg]C).
h. Energy Consumption
Instrumentation shall be installed which determines, within 1 percent:
1. The quantity and rate of gas consumed.
2. The quantity of electricity consumed by factory supplied water
heater components, and of the test loop recirculating pump, if used.
[[Page 36300]]
i. Room Ambient Temperature
The ambient air temperature of the test room shall be maintained at
75 10[deg]F (24 5.5[deg]C), as measured by
the test room temperature sensing means described in ``-f'' above.
The ambient air temperatures shall be measured at 15 minute
intervals during conduct of this test. The room temperature shall not
vary more than 7.0[deg]F ( 4[deg]C) from the
average during the test, temperature readings being taken by means of a
recording thermometer at 15 minute intervals and averaged at the end of
the test.
j. Efficiency Measurement
The outlet water temperature shall be adjusted by varying the rate
of flow until temperature is constant at 70 2[deg]F (21
1[deg]C) above the supply temperature. After the outlet
temperature has become constant, as indicated by no variation in excess
of 2[deg]F (1[deg]C) over a 3 minute period, the outlet water shall be
diverted from the waste line to a weighing container. A scale with an
error no greater than 1 percent of the total draw shall be used. Water
shall be allowed to flow into the weighing container for exactly 30
minutes. The gas consumption and electrical power consumption of
factory supplied heater components and of the test loop-recirculating
pump, if used, shall be measured for the 30 minute period. At this
time, the outlet water shall be diverted back into the waste line, the
meter readings noted, and the weight of heater water recorded.
Throughout the period of test, supply and outlet water temperatures
shall be recorded every minute. The temperature, pressure and heating
value of the gas metered and barometric pressure shall be obtained.
A water meter with an error no greater than 1 percent of the total
draw may be used instead of the scale and weighing container.
Thermal efficiency, Et, shall be computed by use of the following
formula:
Et = (KW ([thgr]2 - [thgr]1)/[(CF x Q
x H) + Ec]) X 100
Where
K = 1.004 Btu per pound mass degree F (4184 J/kg [deg]C), nominal
specific heat of water at 105[deg]F;
W = total weight of water heated, lbs. (kg);
[thgr]1 = average temperature of supply water, [deg]F
([deg]C);
[thgr]2 = average temperature of outlet water, [deg]F
([deg]C);
Q = total gas consumed as metered, cu. ft. (m\3\);
Cs = correction applied to the heating value H, when it
is metered at temperature and/or pressure conditions other than the
standard conditions. At which the heating value of gas is specified
[normally 30 inches mercury column (101.3 kPa) and 60 [deg]F (15.5
[deg]C)];
H = total heating value of gas, Btu per cu. ft. (MJ/m3);
and
Ec = electrical consumption of the water heater and, when
used, the test setup recirculating pump, specified in Btu (kJ).
Standby Loss for tank type water heaters shall be determined using
Appendix E.2
Standby Loss for tube type water heaters that contain 10 or more
gallons within the water heater, as determined under 5.27, shall be
determined using Appendix E.3
E.3 Method of Test for Measuring Standby Loss for Tube Type
Instantaneous Water Heaters With 10 or Greater Gallons of Storage
The appliance shall be installed as specified in E.1, Method of
Test for Measuring Thermal Efficiency. This test may be conducted
immediately following the thermal efficiency test. In this case, start
the test after the main burner(s) has shut down and, if applicable, the
water pump has shut down. Otherwise the water heater shall be put into
operation under the same test conditions specified in E.1 and the
outlet water temperature shall be adjusted by varying the rate of flow
until temperature is constant at 70 2[deg]F (21 1[deg]C) above the supply temperature. After the outlet
temperatures becomes constant, as indicated by no variation in excess
of 2[deg]F (1[deg]C) over a 3 minute period, shut down the main
burner(s) and, if applicable, wait for the water pump to shut down, and
then start the test.
At the start of the test record the time, ambient temperature,
outlet water temperature, supply water temperature and begin measuring
the fuel and electric consumption.
During the first hour, outlet water temperature, supply water
temperature and the ambient air temperature shall be measured at the
end of each 5 minute interval. For the remainder of the test, these
measurements shall be made at the end of every 15 minute interval. The
duration of this test shall be 24 hours. If the main burner is firing
at 24 hours, continue the test until the main burner and the water
pump, if applicable, have shut down.
Immediately after the conclusion of the test, record the total fuel
flow and electrical energy consumption, the final ambient air
temperature and the final outlet water temperature.
Calculate the average of the ambient air temperatures and the
supply water temperatures taken at the end of each time interval,
including the initial and final values.
The average hourly standby loss, S, rounded to the nearest Btu per
hour, shall be determined by the formula:
S = [(Cs(Qs)(H) + Ec)/t]-[([Delta]T4)/
([Delta]T3)(t)Et]
Where
Cs = correction applied to the heating value of a gas H, when it is
metered at temperature and/or pressure conditions other than the
standard conditions for which the value of H is based;
H = higher heating value of gas, Btu per cu. ft. (MJ/m3);
Qs = total fuel flow as metered, cu. ft. (m3);
[Delta]T3 = difference between the outlet temperature and
the average value of the ambient air temperature, [deg]F ([deg]C);
[Delta]T4 = difference between the average supply water
temperature and the outlet temperature, [deg]F ([deg]C);
t = duration of test, hrs.;
Ec = electrical energy consumption expressed in Btu (kJ); and
Et = thermal efficiency as determined under E.1, Method of Test for
Measuring Thermal Efficiency
If the main burner(s) does not cycle on during this test the hourly
average standby loss calculation simplifies to:
S = {(K(Va)([Delta]T4)/Et) +
Ec{time} /t
For water heaters that will not initiate or cause actions that will
initiate burner operation, the following simplified procedure may be
used to measure the hourly standby loss.
This test may be conducted immediately following the thermal
efficiency test. In this case, start the test after the main burner(s)
has shut down and, if applicable, the water pump has shut down.
Otherwise, provide the electrical connection as specified in E.1 Method
of Test for Measuring Thermal Efficiency and start the test.
At the start of the test record the time and begin measuring the
electric consumption for one hour. Record the duration of the test and
the total electrical consumption during the test.
The average hourly standby loss, S, rounded to the nearest Btu per
hour, shall be determined by the formula:
S = [(([Delta]T5 k Va/Et)/24) +
Ec]
Where:
[Delta]T5 = 70[emsp14][deg]F (38.9 [deg]C), difference
between the supply and outlet water temperatures;
k= 8.25 Btu/gallon [deg]F (4147.6331 J/l[deg] C), the nominal
specific heat of water;
Va = water contained in the water heater expressed in
gallons (L), as determined under 5.27;
Ec = electrical energy consumption expressed in Btu (kJ); and
Et = thermal efficiency as determined under E.1, Method of Test for
Measuring Thermal Efficiency.
[FR Doc. 2016-13245 Filed 6-3-16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6450-01-P