Section, Pub. L. 94–163, title I, §102, Dec. 22, 1975, 89 Stat. 876; Pub. L. 94–385, title I, §164, Aug. 14, 1976, 90 Stat. 1142; Pub. L. 95–619, title VI, §691(b)(2), Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3288; Pub. L. 95–620, title VIII, §802, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3347, provided for incentives to develop underground coal mines.
The President may, by rule, under such terms and conditions as he determines to be appropriate and necessary to carry out the purposes of this chapter, restrict exports of—
(1) coal, petroleum products, natural gas, or petrochemical feedstocks, and
(2) supplies of materials or equipment which he determines to be necessary (A) to maintain or further exploration, production, refining, or transportation of energy supplies, or (B) for the construction or maintenance of energy facilities within the United States.
(1) The President shall exercise the authority provided for in subsection (a) of this section to promulgate a rule prohibiting the export of crude oil and natural gas produced in the United States, except that the President may, pursuant to paragraph (2), exempt from such prohibition such crude oil or natural gas exports which he determines to be consistent with the national interest and the purposes of this chapter.
(2) Exemptions from any rule prohibiting crude oil or natural gas exports shall be included in such rule or provided for in an amendment thereto and may be based on the purpose for export, class of seller or purchaser, country of destination, or any other reasonable classification or basis as the President determines to be appropriate and consistent with the national interest and the purposes of this chapter.
In order to implement any rule promulgated under subsection (a) of this section, the President may request and, if so, the Secretary of Commerce shall, pursuant to the procedures established by the Export Administration Act of 1979 [50 U.S.C. App. 2401 et seq.] (but without regard to the phrase “and to reduce the serious inflationary impact of foreign demand” in section 3(2)(C) of such Act [50 U.S.C. App. 2402(2)(C)]), impose such restrictions as specified in any rule under subsection (a) of this section on exports of coal, petroleum products, natural gas, or petrochemical feedstocks, and such supplies of materials and equipment.
Any finding by the President pursuant to subsection (a) or (b) of this section and any action taken by the Secretary of Commerce pursuant thereto shall take into account the national interest as related to the need to leave uninterrupted or unimpaired—
(1) exchanges in similar quantity for convenience or increased efficiency of transportation with persons or the government of a foreign state,
(2) temporary exports for convenience or increased efficiency of transportation across parts of an adjacent foreign state which exports reenter the United States, and
(3) the historical trading relations of the United States with Canada and Mexico.
(1) The provisions of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5 shall apply with respect to the promulgation of any rule pursuant to this section, except that the President may waive the requirement pertaining to the notice of proposed rulemaking or period for comment only if he finds that compliance with such requirements may seriously impair his ability to impose effective and timely prohibitions on exports.
(2) In the event such notice and comment period are waived with respect to a rule promulgated under this section, the President shall afford interested persons an opportunity to comment on any such rule at the earliest practicable date thereafter.
(3) If the President determines to request the Secretary of Commerce to impose specified restrictions as provided for in subsection (c) of this section, the enforcement and penalty provisions of the Export Administration Act of 1969 shall apply, in lieu of this chapter, to any violation of such restrictions.
(Pub. L. 94–163, title I, §103, Dec. 22, 1975, 89 Stat. 877; Pub. L. 96–72, §22(b)(1), Sept. 29, 1979, 93 Stat. 535.)
This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (a), (b), and (e)(3), was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 94–163, Dec. 22, 1975, 89 Stat. 871, as amended, known as the Energy Policy and Conservation Act. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 6201 of this title and Tables.
The Export Administration Act of 1979, referred to in subsec. (c), is Pub. L. 96–72, Sept. 29, 1979, 93 Stat. 503, as amended, which is classified principally to section 2401 et seq. of Title 50, Appendix, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2401 of Title 50, Appendix, and Tables.
The Export Administration Act of 1969, referred to in subsec. (e)(3), is Pub. L. 91–184, Dec. 30, 1969, 83 Stat. 841, as amended, which was formerly classified to sections 2401 to 2413 of Title 50, Appendix, and was terminated on Sept. 30, 1979, pursuant to the terms of that Act.
Subsec. (f) of this section, which required the President to submit quarterly reports to Congress concerning the administration of this section and any findings made pursuant to subsec. (a) or (b) of this section, terminated, effective May 15, 2000, pursuant to section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance. See, also, the 5th item on page 19 of House Document No. 103–7.
1979—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–72 substituted “1979” for “1969” and “(C)” for “(A)”.
Amendment by Pub. L. 96–72 effective upon expiration of Export Administration Act of 1969, which terminated on Sept. 30, 1979, or upon any prior date which Congress by concurrent resolution or President by proclamation designated, see section 2418 of the Appendix to Title 50, War and National Defense.
The Secretary of the Interior shall, not later than 30 days after December 22, 1975, prescribe and make effective a rule which prohibits the bidding for any right to develop crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids on any lands located on the Outer Continental Shelf by any person if more than one major oil company, more than one affiliate of a major oil company, or a major oil company and any affiliate of a major oil company, has or have a significant ownership interest in such person. Such rule shall define affiliate relationships and significant ownership interests.
As used in this section:
(1) The term “major oil company” means any person who, individually or together with any other person with respect to which such person has an affiliate relationship or significant ownership interest, produced during a prior 6–month period specified by the Secretary, an average daily volume of 1,600,000 barrels of crude oil, natural gas liquids equivalents, and natural gas equivalents.
(2) One barrel of natural gas equivalent equals 5,626 cubic feet of natural gas measured at 14.73 pounds per square inch (MSL) and 60 degrees Fahrenheit.
(3) One barrel of natural gas liquids equivalent equals 1.454 barrels of natural gas liquids at 60 degrees Fahrenheit.
The Secretary may, in his discretion, consider a request from any person described in subsection (a) of this section for an exemption from the prohibition of this section. In considering any such request, the Secretary may exempt bidding for leases for lands in any area only if the Secretary finds, on the record after opportunity for an agency hearing, that—
(1) such lands have extremely high cost exploration or development problems; and
(2) exploration and development will not occur on such lands unless such exemption is granted.
Findings of the Secretary under this subsection shall be final, and shall not be invalidated unless found to be arbitrary or capricious.
This section shall not be construed to prohibit the unitization of producing fields to increase production or maximize ultimate recovery of oil or natural gas, or both.
The Secretary shall study and report to the Congress, not later than 6 months after December 22, 1975, with respect to the feasibility and desirability of extending the prohibition on joint bidding to—
(1) bidding for any right to develop crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids on Federal lands other than those located on the Outer Continental Shelf; and
(2) bidding for any right to develop coal and oil shale on such lands.
(Pub. L. 94–163, title I, §105, Dec. 22, 1975, 89 Stat. 879; Pub. L. 95–372, title II, §205(c), Sept. 18, 1978, 92 Stat. 646.)
1978—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 95–372 substituted “in his discretion, consider a request from any person described in subsection (a) of this section for an exemption from the prohibition of this section” for “by amendment to the rule, exempt bidding for leases for lands located in frontier or other areas determined by the Secretary to be extremely high risk lands or to present unusually high cost exploration, or development, problems” in existing provisions and inserted provisions setting out the requisite finding of the Secretary and making arbitrariness and capriciousness of the Secretary's findings the only bases for invalidation of those findings.
Functions of Secretary of the Interior to promulgate regulations under this chapter relating to fostering of competition for Federal leases and to implementation of alternative bidding systems authorized for award of Federal leases transferred to Secretary of Energy by section 7152(b) of this title. Section 7152(b) of this title repealed by Pub. L. 97–100, title II, §201, Dec. 23, 1981, 95 Stat. 1407, and functions of Secretary of Energy returned to Secretary of the Interior. See House Report No. 97–315, pp. 25, 26, Nov. 5, 1981.
Section, Pub. L. 94–163, title I, §106, Dec. 22, 1975, 89 Stat. 880, related to production of oil or gas at the maximum efficient rate and temporary emergency production rate.
No Governor of a State may issue any order or rule pursuant to section 7425 of this title to any major fuel burning stationary source (or class or category thereof)—
(1) prohibiting such source from using fuels other than locally or regionally available coal or coal derivatives, or
(2) requiring such source to enter into a contract (or contracts) for supplies of locally or regionally available coal or coal derivatives.
(1) The Governor of any State may petition the President to exercise the President's authorities pursuant to section 7425 of this title with respect to any major fuel burning stationary source located in such State.
(2) Any petition under paragraph (1) shall include documentation which could support a finding that significant local or regional economic disruption or unemployment would result from use by such source of—
(A) coal or coal derivatives other than locally or regionally available coal,
(B) petroleum products,
(C) natural gas, or
(D) any combination of fuels referred to in subparagraphs (A) through (C), to comply with the requirements of a State implementation plan pursuant to section 7410 of this title.
Within 90 days after the submission of a Governor's petition under subsection (b) of this section, the President shall either issue an order or rule pursuant to section 7425 of this title or deny such petition, stating in writing his reasons for such denial. In making his determination to issue such an order or rule pursuant to this subsection, the President must find that such order or rule would—
(1) be consistent with section 7425 of this title;
(2) result in no significant increase in the consumption of energy;
(3) not subject the ultimate consumer to significantly higher energy costs; and
(4) not violate any contractual relationship between such source and any supplier or transporter of fuel to such source.
Nothing in subsection (a) or (b) of this section shall affect the authority of the President or the Secretary of the Department of Energy to allocate coal or coal derivatives under any provision of law.
The terms “major fuel burning stationary source (or class or category thereof)” and “locally or regionally available coal or coal derivatives” shall have the meanings assigned to them for the purposes of section 7425 of this title.
(Pub. L. 94–163, title I, §107, as added Pub. L. 95–619, title VI, §661, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3285; amended Pub. L. 106–469, title VI, §605(b)(2), Nov. 9, 2000, 114 Stat. 2043.)
2000—Pub. L. 106–469 inserted section catchline.
On or before September 1 of each year, the Secretary, acting through the Administrator of the Energy Information Agency, shall submit to Congress a Home Heating Readiness Report on the readiness of the natural gas, heating oil and propane industries to supply fuel under various weather conditions, including rapid decreases in temperature.
The Home Heating Readiness Report shall include—
(1) estimates of the consumption, expenditures, and average price per gallon of heating oil and propane and thousand cubic feet of natural gas for the upcoming period of October through March for various weather conditions, with special attention to extreme weather, and various regions of the country;
(2) an evaluation of—
(A) global and regional crude oil and refined product supplies;
(B) the adequacy and utilization of refinery capacity;
(C) the adequacy, utilization, and distribution of regional refined product storage capacity;
(D) weather conditions;
(E) the refined product transportation system;
(F) market inefficiencies; and
(G) any other factor affecting the functional capability of the heating oil industry and propane industry that has the potential to affect national or regional supplies and prices;
(3) recommendations on steps that the Federal, State, and local governments can take to prevent or alleviate the impact of sharp and sustained increases in the price of natural gas, heating oil, and propane; and
(4) recommendations on steps that companies engaged in the production, refining, storage, transportation of heating oil or propane, or any other activity related to the heating oil industry or propane industry, can take to prevent or alleviate the impact of sharp and sustained increases in the price of heating oil and propane.
The Secretary may request information necessary to prepare the Home Heating Readiness Report from companies described in subsection (b)(4) of this section.
(Pub. L. 94–163, title I, §108, as added Pub. L. 106–469, title VI, §605(a), Nov. 9, 2000, 114 Stat. 2042.)
The Secretary of the Interior, in consultation with the Secretaries of Agriculture and Energy, shall conduct an inventory of all onshore Federal lands. The inventory shall identify—
(1) the United States Geological Survey estimates of the oil and gas resources underlying these lands;
(2) the extent and nature of any restrictions or impediments to the development of the resources, including—
(A) impediments to the timely granting of leases;
(B) post-lease restrictions, impediments, or delays on development for conditions of approval, applications for permits to drill, or processing of environmental permits; and
(C) permits or restrictions associated with transporting the resources for entry into commerce; and
(3) the quantity of resources not produced or introduced into commerce because of the restrictions.
Once completed, the USGS resource estimates and the surface availability data as provided in subsection (a)(2) of this section shall be regularly updated and made publicly available.
The inventory shall be provided to the Committee on Resources of the House of Representatives and to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate within 2 years after November 9, 2000.
Using the inventory, the Secretary of Energy shall make periodic assessments of economically recoverable resources accounting for a range of parameters such as current costs, commodity prices, technology, and regulations.
(Pub. L. 106–469, title VI, §604, Nov. 9, 2000, 114 Stat. 2041; Pub. L. 109–58, title III, §364(a), Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 723.)
Section was enacted as part of the Energy Act of 2000, and not as part of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act which comprises this chapter.
2005—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 109–58, §364(a)(1)(A), struck out “reserve” before “estimates” and “and” after the semicolon.
Subsec. (a)(2), (3). Pub. L. 109–58, §364(a)(1)(B), added pars. (2) and (3) and struck out former par. (2) which read as follows: “the extent and nature of any restrictions or impediments to the development of such resources.”
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109–58, §364(a)(2), substituted “resource” for “reserve” and “publicly” for “publically”.
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 109–58, §364(a)(3), added subsec. (d) and struck out heading and text of former subsec. (d). Text read as follows: “There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to implement this section.”
Committee on Resources of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Natural Resources of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Tenth Congress, Jan. 5, 2007.