[Historical Tables]
[Section 3 - Federal Government Outlays by Function]
[Table 3.1 - Outlays by Superfunction and Function: 1940-2007]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]
Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2007
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Superfunction and Function 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948
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-----------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-----------------------------------------------------------------
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National defense................... 1,660 6,435 25,658 66,699 79,143 82,965 42,681 12,808 9,105
Human resources.................... 4,139 4,158 3,599 2,659 1,928 1,859 5,493 9,909 9,868
Education, training, employment, 1,972 1,592 1,062 375 160 134 85 102 191
and social services.............
Health........................... 55 60 71 92 174 211 201 177 162
Income security.................. 1,514 1,855 1,828 1,739 1,503 1,137 2,384 2,820 2,499
Social security (off-budget)..... 28 91 137 177 217 267 358 466 558
Veterans benefits and services... 570 560 501 276 -126 110 2,465 6,344 6,457
Physical resources................. 2,312 1,782 3,892 6,433 5,471 1,747 836 1,227 2,243
Energy........................... 88 91 156 116 65 25 41 18 292
Natural resources and environment 997 817 819 726 642 455 482 700 780
Commerce and housing credit...... 550 398 1,521 2,151 624 -2,630 -1,857 -923 306
Transportation................... 392 353 1,283 3,220 3,901 3,654 1,970 1,130 787
Community and regional 285 123 113 219 238 243 200 302 78
development.....................
Net interest....................... 899 943 1,052 1,529 2,219 3,112 4,111 4,204 4,341
(On-budget).................. (941) (999) (1,123) (1,616) (2,322) (3,236) (4,259) (4,367) (4,532)
(Off-budget)................. (-42) (-56) (-71) (-87) (-103) (-124) (-148) (-163) (-191)
Other functions.................... 775 882 1,830 2,457 3,864 4,418 3,580 7,900 5,851
International affairs............ 51 145 968 1,286 1,449 1,913 1,935 5,791 4,566
General science, space and ........... ........... 4 1 48 111 34 5 1
technology......................
Agriculture...................... 369 339 344 343 1,275 1,635 610 814 69
Administration of justice........ 81 92 117 154 192 178 176 176 170
General government............... 274 306 397 673 900 581 825 1,114 1,045
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -317 -547 -894 -1,221 -1,320 -1,389 -1,468 -1,552 -1,643
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Total, Federal outlays............. 9,468 13,653 35,137 78,555 91,304 92,712 55,232 34,496 29,764
(On-budget).................. (9,482) (13,618) (35,071) (78,466) (91,190) (92,569) (55,022) (34,193) (29,396)
(Off-budget)................. (-14) (35) (66) (89) (114) (143) (210) (303) (368)
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As percentages of outlays
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National defense................... 17.5 47.1 73.0 84.9 86.7 89.5 77.3 37.1 30.6
Human resources.................... 43.7 30.5 10.2 3.4 2.1 2.0 9.9 28.7 33.2
Physical resources................. 24.4 13.1 11.1 8.2 6.0 1.9 1.5 3.6 7.5
Net interest....................... 9.5 6.9 3.0 1.9 2.4 3.4 7.4 12.2 14.6
Other functions.................... 8.2 6.5 5.2 3.1 4.2 4.8 6.5 22.9 19.7
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -3.4 -4.0 -2.5 -1.6 -1.4 -1.5 -2.7 -4.5 -5.5
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Total, Federal outlays............. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
(On-budget).................. (100.2) (99.7) (99.8) (99.9) (99.9) (99.8) (99.6) (99.1) (98.8)
(Off-budget)................. (-0.2) (0.3) (0.2) (0.1) (0.1) (0.2) (0.4) (0.9) (1.2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of GDP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................... 1.7 5.6 17.8 37.0 37.9 37.5 19.2 5.5 3.6
Human resources.................... 4.3 3.6 2.5 1.5 0.9 0.8 2.5 4.2 3.8
Physical resources................. 2.4 1.6 2.7 3.6 2.6 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.9
Net interest....................... 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8 1.1 1.4 1.8 1.8 1.7
Other functions.................... 0.8 0.8 1.3 1.4 1.8 2.0 1.6 3.4 2.3
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -0.3 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays............. 9.8 12.0 24.4 43.6 43.7 41.9 24.8 14.7 11.6
(On-budget).................. (9.8) (11.9) (24.3) (43.6) (43.6) (41.8) (24.7) (14.6) (11.5)
(Off-budget)................. (-*) (*) (*) (*) (0.1) (0.1) (0.1) (0.1) (0.1)
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* 0.05 percent or less.
[[Page 45]]
Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2007--Continued
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Superfunction and Function 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957
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-----------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-----------------------------------------------------------------
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National defense................... 13,150 13,724 23,566 46,089 52,802 49,266 42,729 42,523 45,430
Human resources.................... 10,805 14,221 11,001 11,745 11,836 13,076 14,908 16,052 18,161
Education, training, employment, 178 241 235 339 441 370 445 591 590
and social services.............
Health........................... 197 268 323 347 336 307 291 359 479
Income security.................. 3,174 4,097 3,352 3,655 3,823 4,434 5,071 4,734 5,427
Social security (off-budget)..... 657 781 1,565 2,063 2,717 3,352 4,427 5,478 6,661
Veterans benefits and services... 6,599 8,834 5,526 5,341 4,519 4,613 4,675 4,891 5,005
Physical resources................. 3,104 3,667 3,924 4,182 4,005 2,584 2,732 3,092 4,559
Energy........................... 341 327 383 474 425 432 325 174 240
Natural resources and environment 1,080 1,308 1,310 1,233 1,289 1,007 940 870 1,098
Commerce and housing credit...... 800 1,035 1,228 1,278 910 -184 92 506 1,424
Transportation................... 916 967 956 1,124 1,264 1,229 1,246 1,450 1,662
Community and regional -33 30 47 73 117 100 129 92 135
development.....................
Net interest....................... 4,523 4,812 4,665 4,701 5,156 4,811 4,850 5,079 5,354
(On-budget).................. (4,753) (5,069) (4,952) (5,035) (5,543) (5,250) (5,288) (5,567) (5,910)
(Off-budget)................. (-230) (-257) (-287) (-334) (-387) (-439) (-438) (-487) (-557)
Other functions.................... 9,032 7,955 4,690 4,346 5,873 4,515 6,718 7,482 7,220
International affairs............ 6,052 4,673 3,647 2,691 2,119 1,596 2,223 2,414 3,147
General science, space and 48 55 51 49 49 46 74 79 122
technology......................
Agriculture...................... 1,924 2,049 -323 176 2,253 1,817 3,514 3,486 2,288
Administration of justice........ 184 193 218 267 243 257 256 302 303
General government............... 824 986 1,097 1,163 1,209 799 651 1,201 1,360
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -1,779 -1,817 -2,332 -3,377 -3,571 -3,397 -3,493 -3,589 -4,146
(On-budget).................. (-1,779) (-1,817) (-2,332) (-3,377) (-3,571) (-3,396) (-3,487) (-3,571) (-4,058)
(Off-budget)................. ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... (-1) (-6) (-18) (-88)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays............. 38,835 42,562 45,514 67,686 76,101 70,855 68,444 70,640 76,578
(On-budget).................. (38,408) (42,038) (44,237) (65,956) (73,771) (67,943) (64,461) (65,668) (70,562)
(Off-budget)................. (427) (524) (1,277) (1,730) (2,330) (2,912) (3,983) (4,972) (6,016)
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As percentages of outlays
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................... 33.9 32.2 51.8 68.1 69.4 69.5 62.4 60.2 59.3
Human resources.................... 27.8 33.4 24.2 17.4 15.6 18.5 21.8 22.7 23.7
Physical resources................. 8.0 8.6 8.6 6.2 5.3 3.6 4.0 4.4 6.0
Net interest....................... 11.6 11.3 10.2 6.9 6.8 6.8 7.1 7.2 7.0
Other functions.................... 23.3 18.7 10.3 6.4 7.7 6.4 9.8 10.6 9.4
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -4.6 -4.3 -5.1 -5.0 -4.7 -4.8 -5.1 -5.1 -5.4
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Total, Federal outlays............. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
(On-budget).................. (98.9) (98.8) (97.2) (97.4) (96.9) (95.9) (94.2) (93.0) (92.1)
(Off-budget)................. (1.1) (1.2) (2.8) (2.6) (3.1) (4.1) (5.8) (7.0) (7.9)
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As percentages of GDP
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National defense................... 4.8 5.0 7.3 13.2 14.1 13.0 10.8 9.9 10.1
Human resources.................... 4.0 5.2 3.4 3.4 3.2 3.5 3.8 3.8 4.0
Physical resources................. 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.0
Net interest....................... 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2
Other functions.................... 3.3 2.9 1.5 1.2 1.6 1.2 1.7 1.7 1.6
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -1.0 -1.0 -0.9 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays............. 14.3 15.6 14.2 19.4 20.4 18.7 17.3 16.5 17.0
(On-budget).................. (14.1) (15.4) (13.8) (18.9) (19.8) (18.0) (16.3) (15.4) (15.7)
(Off-budget)................. (0.2) (0.2) (0.4) (0.5) (0.6) (0.8) (1.0) (1.2) (1.3)
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[[Page 46]]
Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2007--Continued
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Superfunction and Function 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966
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-----------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-----------------------------------------------------------------
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National defense................... 46,815 49,015 48,130 49,601 52,345 53,400 54,757 50,620 58,111
Human resources.................... 22,288 24,892 26,184 29,838 31,630 33,522 35,294 36,576 43,257
Education, training, employment, 643 789 968 1,063 1,241 1,458 1,555 2,140 4,363
and social services.............
Health........................... 541 685 795 913 1,198 1,451 1,788 1,791 2,543
Medicare......................... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... 64
Income security.................. 7,535 8,239 7,378 9,683 9,207 9,311 9,657 9,469 9,678
Social security (off-budget)..... 8,219 9,737 11,602 12,474 14,365 15,788 16,620 17,460 20,694
Veterans benefits and services... 5,350 5,443 5,441 5,705 5,619 5,514 5,675 5,716 5,916
Physical resources................. 5,188 7,813 7,991 7,754 8,831 8,013 9,528 11,264 13,410
Energy........................... 348 382 464 510 604 530 572 699 612
Natural resources and environment 1,407 1,632 1,559 1,779 2,044 2,251 2,364 2,531 2,719
Commerce and housing credit...... 930 1,933 1,618 1,203 1,424 62 418 1,157 3,245
Transportation................... 2,334 3,655 4,126 3,987 4,290 4,596 5,242 5,763 5,730
Community and regional 169 211 224 275 469 574 933 1,114 1,105
development.....................
Net interest....................... 5,604 5,762 6,947 6,716 6,889 7,740 8,199 8,591 9,386
(On-budget).................. (6,175) (6,338) (7,511) (7,307) (7,498) (8,322) (8,805) (9,239) (10,028)
(Off-budget)................. (-571) (-576) (-563) (-591) (-609) (-582) (-607) (-648) (-642)
Other functions.................... 6,896 9,229 7,760 8,621 12,401 14,437 16,458 17,086 16,911
International affairs............ 3,364 3,144 2,988 3,184 5,639 5,308 4,945 5,273 5,580
General science, space and 141 294 599 1,042 1,723 3,051 4,897 5,823 6,717
technology......................
Agriculture...................... 2,411 4,509 2,623 2,641 3,562 4,384 4,609 3,955 2,447
Administration of justice........ 325 356 366 400 429 465 489 535 563
General government............... 655 926 1,184 1,354 1,049 1,230 1,518 1,499 1,603
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -4,385 -4,613 -4,820 -4,807 -5,274 -5,797 -5,708 -5,908 -6,542
(On-budget).................. (-4,240) (-4,449) (-4,632) (-4,601) (-5,053) (-5,555) (-5,429) (-5,626) (-6,205)
(Off-budget)................. (-145) (-164) (-188) (-206) (-221) (-242) (-279) (-282) (-337)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays............. 82,405 92,098 92,191 97,723 106,821 111,316 118,528 118,228 134,532
(On-budget).................. (74,902) (83,102) (81,341) (86,046) (93,286) (96,352) (102,794) (101,699) (114,817)
(Off-budget)................. (7,503) (8,996) (10,850) (11,677) (13,535) (14,964) (15,734) (16,529) (19,715)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of outlays
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................... 56.8 53.2 52.2 50.8 49.0 48.0 46.2 42.8 43.2
Human resources.................... 27.0 27.0 28.4 30.5 29.6 30.1 29.8 30.9 32.2
Physical resources................. 6.3 8.5 8.7 7.9 8.3 7.2 8.0 9.5 10.0
Net interest....................... 6.8 6.3 7.5 6.9 6.4 7.0 6.9 7.3 7.0
Other functions.................... 8.4 10.0 8.4 8.8 11.6 13.0 13.9 14.5 12.6
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -5.3 -5.0 -5.2 -4.9 -4.9 -5.2 -4.8 -5.0 -4.9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays............. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
(On-budget).................. (90.9) (90.2) (88.2) (88.1) (87.3) (86.6) (86.7) (86.0) (85.3)
(Off-budget)................. (9.1) (9.8) (11.8) (11.9) (12.7) (13.4) (13.3) (14.0) (14.7)
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As percentages of GDP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................... 10.2 10.0 9.3 9.3 9.2 8.9 8.5 7.4 7.7
Human resources.................... 4.8 5.1 5.0 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.5 5.3 5.7
Physical resources................. 1.1 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.8
Net interest....................... 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2
Other functions.................... 1.5 1.9 1.5 1.6 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.2
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -1.0 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 -1.0 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays............. 17.9 18.7 17.8 18.4 18.8 18.6 18.5 17.2 17.8
(On-budget).................. (16.2) (16.9) (15.7) (16.2) (16.4) (16.1) (16.0) (14.8) (15.2)
(Off-budget)................. (1.6) (1.8) (2.1) (2.2) (2.4) (2.5) (2.5) (2.4) (2.6)
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[[Page 47]]
Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2007--Continued
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Superfunction and Function 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975
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-----------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-----------------------------------------------------------------
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National defense................... 71,417 81,926 82,497 81,692 78,872 79,174 76,681 79,347 86,509
Human resources.................... 51,272 59,375 66,410 75,349 91,901 107,211 119,522 135,783 173,245
Education, training, employment, 6,453 7,634 7,548 8,634 9,849 12,529 12,745 12,457 16,022
and social services.............
Health........................... 3,351 4,390 5,162 5,907 6,843 8,674 9,356 10,733 12,930
Medicare......................... 2,748 4,649 5,695 6,213 6,622 7,479 8,052 9,639 12,875
Income security.................. 10,261 11,816 13,076 15,655 22,946 27,650 28,276 33,713 50,176
Social security.................. 21,725 23,854 27,298 30,270 35,872 40,157 49,090 55,867 64,658
(On-budget).................. (94) (94) (414) (458) (465) (538) (526) (494) (499)
(Off-budget)................. (21,631) (23,760) (26,885) (29,812) (35,408) (39,620) (48,565) (55,373) (64,159)
Veterans benefits and services... 6,735 7,032 7,631 8,669 9,768 10,720 12,003 13,374 16,584
Physical resources................. 14,674 16,002 11,869 15,574 18,286 19,574 20,614 25,106 35,449
Energy........................... 782 1,037 1,010 997 1,035 1,296 1,237 1,303 2,916
Natural resources and environment 2,869 2,988 2,900 3,065 3,915 4,241 4,775 5,697 7,346
Commerce and housing credit...... 3,979 4,280 -119 2,112 2,366 2,222 931 4,705 9,947
Transportation................... 5,936 6,316 6,526 7,008 8,052 8,392 9,066 9,172 10,918
Community and regional 1,108 1,382 1,552 2,392 2,917 3,423 4,605 4,229 4,322
development.....................
Net interest....................... 10,268 11,090 12,699 14,380 14,841 15,478 17,349 21,449 23,244
(On-budget).................. (11,060) (12,069) (13,848) (15,948) (16,783) (17,584) (19,629) (23,969) (26,047)
(Off-budget)................. (-792) (-979) (-1,149) (-1,568) (-1,942) (-2,106) (-2,280) (-2,520) (-2,803)
Other functions.................... 17,126 17,786 18,151 17,286 16,379 18,828 24,950 24,423 27,487
International affairs............ 5,566 5,301 4,600 4,330 4,159 4,781 4,149 5,710 7,097
General science, space and 6,233 5,524 5,020 4,511 4,182 4,175 4,032 3,980 3,991
technology......................
Agriculture...................... 2,990 4,545 5,826 5,166 4,290 5,259 4,854 2,230 3,036
Administration of justice........ 618 659 766 959 1,306 1,653 2,141 2,470 2,955
General government............... 1,719 1,757 1,939 2,320 2,442 2,960 9,774 10,032 10,408
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -7,294 -8,045 -7,986 -8,632 -10,107 -9,583 -13,409 -16,749 -13,602
(On-budget).................. (-6,879) (-7,600) (-7,454) (-7,995) (-9,467) (-8,926) (-12,714) (-15,985) (-12,686)
(Off-budget)................. (-415) (-445) (-532) (-637) (-640) (-657) (-695) (-764) (-916)
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Total, Federal outlays............. 157,464 178,134 183,640 195,649 210,172 230,681 245,707 269,359 332,332
(On-budget).................. (137,040) (155,798) (158,436) (168,042) (177,346) (193,824) (200,118) (217,270) (271,892)
(Off-budget)................. (20,424) (22,336) (25,204) (27,607) (32,826) (36,857) (45,589) (52,089) (60,440)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of outlays
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................... 45.4 46.0 44.9 41.8 37.5 34.3 31.2 29.5 26.0
Human resources.................... 32.6 33.3 36.2 38.5 43.7 46.5 48.6 50.4 52.1
Physical resources................. 9.3 9.0 6.5 8.0 8.7 8.5 8.4 9.3 10.7
Net interest....................... 6.5 6.2 6.9 7.4 7.1 6.7 7.1 8.0 7.0
Other functions.................... 10.9 10.0 9.9 8.8 7.8 8.2 10.2 9.1 8.3
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -4.6 -4.5 -4.3 -4.4 -4.8 -4.2 -5.5 -6.2 -4.1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays............. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
(On-budget).................. (87.0) (87.5) (86.3) (85.9) (84.4) (84.0) (81.4) (80.7) (81.8)
(Off-budget)................. (13.0) (12.5) (13.7) (14.1) (15.6) (16.0) (18.6) (19.3) (18.2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of GDP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................... 8.8 9.4 8.7 8.1 7.3 6.7 5.9 5.5 5.5
Human resources.................... 6.3 6.8 7.0 7.4 8.5 9.1 9.1 9.4 11.1
Physical resources................. 1.8 1.8 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.7 2.3
Net interest....................... 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.5
Other functions.................... 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.9 1.7 1.8
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -0.9 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -0.9 -0.8 -1.0 -1.2 -0.9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays............. 19.4 20.5 19.3 19.3 19.4 19.5 18.8 18.7 21.3
(On-budget).................. (16.8) (17.9) (16.7) (16.6) (16.4) (16.4) (15.3) (15.1) (17.4)
(Off-budget)................. (2.5) (2.6) (2.7) (2.7) (3.0) (3.1) (3.5) (3.6) (3.9)
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[[Page 48]]
Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2007--Continued
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Superfunction and Function 1976 TQ 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983
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-----------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-----------------------------------------------------------------
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National defense................... 89,619 22,269 97,241 104,495 116,342 133,995 157,513 185,309 209,903
Human resources.................... 203,594 52,065 221,895 242,329 267,574 313,374 362,022 388,681 426,003
Education, training, employment, 18,910 5,169 21,104 26,710 30,223 31,843 33,151 26,611 26,196
and social services.............
Health........................... 15,734 3,924 17,302 18,524 20,494 23,169 26,866 27,445 28,641
Medicare......................... 15,834 4,264 19,345 22,768 26,495 32,090 39,149 46,567 52,588
Income security.................. 60,799 14,985 61,060 61,505 66,376 86,557 100,299 108,155 123,031
Social security.................. 73,899 19,763 85,061 93,861 104,073 118,547 139,584 155,964 170,724
(On-budget).................. (515) ........... (717) (741) (757) (675) (670) (844) (19,993)
(Off-budget)................. (73,384) (19,763) (84,344) (93,120) (103,316) (117,872) (138,914) (155,120) (150,731)
Veterans benefits and services... 18,419 3,960 18,022 18,961 19,914 21,169 22,973 23,938 24,824
Physical resources................. 39,188 9,512 40,746 52,591 54,559 65,985 70,886 61,752 57,604
Energy........................... 4,204 1,129 5,770 7,992 9,180 10,156 15,166 13,527 9,353
Natural resources and environment 8,184 2,524 10,032 10,983 12,135 13,858 13,568 12,998 12,672
Commerce and housing credit...... 7,619 931 3,093 6,254 4,686 9,390 8,206 6,256 6,681
Transportation................... 13,739 3,358 14,829 15,521 18,079 21,329 23,379 20,625 21,334
Community and regional 5,442 1,569 7,021 11,841 10,480 11,252 10,568 8,347 7,564
development.....................
Net interest....................... 26,727 6,949 29,901 35,458 42,636 52,538 68,774 85,044 89,828
(On-budget).................. (29,539) (7,042) (32,551) (37,861) (44,860) (54,877) (71,062) (87,114) (91,673)
(Off-budget)................. (-2,812) (-93) (-2,650) (-2,403) (-2,224) (-2,339) (-2,288) (-2,071) (-1,845)
Other functions.................... 27,050 9,388 34,315 39,594 40,396 44,996 47,095 51,069 59,023
International affairs............ 6,433 2,458 6,353 7,482 7,459 12,714 13,104 12,300 11,848
General science, space and 4,373 1,162 4,736 4,926 5,235 5,832 6,469 7,200 7,935
technology......................
Agriculture...................... 3,170 983 6,787 11,357 11,236 8,839 11,323 15,944 22,901
Administration of justice........ 3,328 891 3,605 3,813 4,173 4,584 4,769 4,712 5,105
General government............... 9,747 3,895 12,833 12,015 12,293 13,028 11,429 10,914 11,235
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -14,386 -4,206 -14,879 -15,720 -17,476 -19,942 -28,041 -26,099 -33,976
(On-budget).................. (-13,423) (-3,957) (-13,902) (-14,660) (-16,362) (-18,738) (-26,611) (-24,453) (-32,198)
(Off-budget)................. (-963) (-249) (-977) (-1,060) (-1,114) (-1,204) (-1,430) (-1,646) (-1,778)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays............. 371,792 95,975 409,218 458,746 504,032 590,947 678,249 745,755 808,385
(On-budget).................. (302,183) (76,555) (328,502) (369,089) (404,054) (476,618) (543,053) (594,351) (661,277)
(Off-budget)................. (69,609) (19,421) (80,716) (89,657) (99,978) (114,329) (135,196) (151,404) (147,108)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of outlays
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................... 24.1 23.2 23.8 22.8 23.1 22.7 23.2 24.8 26.0
Human resources.................... 54.8 54.2 54.2 52.8 53.1 53.0 53.4 52.1 52.7
Physical resources................. 10.5 9.9 10.0 11.5 10.8 11.2 10.5 8.3 7.1
Net interest....................... 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.7 8.5 8.9 10.1 11.4 11.1
Other functions.................... 7.3 9.8 8.4 8.6 8.0 7.6 6.9 6.8 7.3
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -3.9 -4.4 -3.6 -3.4 -3.5 -3.4 -4.1 -3.5 -4.2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays............. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
(On-budget).................. (81.3) (79.8) (80.3) (80.5) (80.2) (80.7) (80.1) (79.7) (81.8)
(Off-budget)................. (18.7) (20.2) (19.7) (19.5) (19.8) (19.3) (19.9) (20.3) (18.2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of GDP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................... 5.2 4.9 4.9 4.7 4.6 4.9 5.1 5.7 6.1
Human resources.................... 11.7 11.4 11.3 10.9 10.7 11.5 11.8 12.0 12.4
Physical resources................. 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.4 2.2 2.4 2.3 1.9 1.7
Net interest....................... 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.6 2.6
Other functions.................... 1.6 2.1 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.7
Undistributed offsetting receipts.. -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.9 -0.8 -1.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays............. 21.4 21.1 20.8 20.7 20.1 21.6 22.2 23.1 23.5
(On-budget).................. (17.4) (16.8) (16.7) (16.6) (16.1) (17.4) (17.7) (18.4) (19.2)
(Off-budget)................. (4.0) (4.3) (4.1) (4.0) (4.0) (4.2) (4.4) (4.7) (4.3)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 49]]
Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2007--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Superfunction and Function 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-----------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 227,413 252,748 273,375 281,999 290,361 303,559 299,331 273,292
Human resources................................. 432,042 471,822 481,594 502,200 533,402 568,684 619,329 689,667
Education, training, employment, and social 26,921 28,593 29,777 28,922 30,933 35,330 37,176 41,234
services.....................................
Health........................................ 30,417 33,542 35,936 39,967 44,487 48,390 57,716 71,183
Medicare...................................... 57,540 65,822 70,164 75,120 78,878 84,964 98,102 104,489
Income security............................... 113,352 128,979 120,633 124,088 130,377 137,426 148,655 172,441
Social security............................... 178,223 188,623 198,757 207,353 219,341 232,542 248,623 269,015
(On-budget)............................... (7,056) (5,189) (8,072) (4,930) (4,852) (5,069) (3,625) (2,619)
(Off-budget).............................. (171,167) (183,434) (190,684) (202,422) (214,489) (227,473) (244,998) (266,395)
Veterans benefits and services................ 25,588 26,262 26,327 26,750 29,386 30,031 29,058 31,305
Physical resources.............................. 57,967 56,821 58,738 55,142 68,632 81,568 126,039 135,179
Energy........................................ 7,073 5,609 4,690 4,072 2,297 2,706 3,341 2,436
Natural resources and environment............. 12,593 13,357 13,639 13,363 14,606 16,182 17,080 18,559
Commerce and housing credit................... 6,959 4,337 5,059 6,435 19,164 29,710 67,600 76,271
(On-budget)............................... (6,959) (4,337) (5,059) (6,435) (19,164) (30,019) (65,974) (74,953)
(Off-budget).............................. ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... (-310) (1,626) (1,317)
Transportation................................ 23,669 25,838 28,117 26,222 27,272 27,608 29,485 31,099
Community and regional development............ 7,673 7,680 7,233 5,051 5,294 5,362 8,532 6,813
Net interest.................................... 111,123 129,504 136,047 138,652 151,838 169,018 184,380 194,482
(On-budget)............................... (114,432) (133,622) (140,377) (143,942) (159,253) (180,413) (200,371) (214,704)
(Off-budget).............................. (-3,310) (-4,118) (-4,329) (-5,290) (-7,416) (-11,395) (-15,991) (-20,222)
Other functions................................. 55,287 68,227 73,713 62,584 57,224 58,066 60,734 71,140
International affairs......................... 15,876 16,176 14,152 11,649 10,471 9,585 13,764 15,851
General science, space and technology......... 8,317 8,627 8,976 9,216 10,841 12,838 14,444 16,111
Agriculture................................... 13,613 25,565 31,449 26,606 17,210 16,919 11,958 15,183
Administration of justice..................... 5,663 6,270 6,572 7,553 9,236 9,474 9,993 12,276
General government............................ 11,817 11,588 12,564 7,560 9,465 9,249 10,575 11,719
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -31,957 -32,698 -33,007 -36,455 -36,967 -37,212 -36,615 -39,356
(On-budget)............................... (-29,913) (-30,189) (-30,150) (-33,155) (-32,585) (-32,354) (-31,048) (-33,553)
(Off-budget).............................. (-2,044) (-2,509) (-2,857) (-3,300) (-4,382) (-4,858) (-5,567) (-5,804)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 851,874 946,423 990,460 1,004,122 1,064,489 1,143,683 1,253,198 1,324,403
(On-budget)............................... (686,061) (769,615) (806,962) (810,290) (861,798) (932,772) (1,028,133) (1,082,716)
(Off-budget).............................. (165,813) (176,807) (183,498) (193,832) (202,691) (210,911) (225,065) (241,687)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of outlays
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 26.7 26.7 27.6 28.1 27.3 26.5 23.9 20.6
Human resources................................. 50.7 49.9 48.6 50.0 50.1 49.7 49.4 52.1
Physical resources.............................. 6.8 6.0 5.9 5.5 6.4 7.1 10.1 10.2
Net interest.................................... 13.0 13.7 13.7 13.8 14.3 14.8 14.7 14.7
Other functions................................. 6.5 7.2 7.4 6.2 5.4 5.1 4.8 5.4
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -3.8 -3.5 -3.3 -3.6 -3.5 -3.3 -2.9 -3.0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
(On-budget)............................... (80.5) (81.3) (81.5) (80.7) (81.0) (81.6) (82.0) (81.8)
(Off-budget).............................. (19.5) (18.7) (18.5) (19.3) (19.0) (18.4) (18.0) (18.2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of GDP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 5.9 6.1 6.2 6.1 5.8 5.6 5.2 4.6
Human resources................................. 11.3 11.4 10.9 10.8 10.6 10.5 10.8 11.6
Physical resources.............................. 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.5 2.2 2.3
Net interest.................................... 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3
Other functions................................. 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 22.2 22.9 22.5 21.6 21.2 21.2 21.8 22.3
(On-budget)............................... (17.9) (18.6) (18.3) (17.4) (17.2) (17.3) (17.9) (18.3)
(Off-budget).............................. (4.3) (4.3) (4.2) (4.2) (4.0) (3.9) (3.9) (4.1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 50]]
Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2007--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Superfunction and Function 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-----------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 298,350 291,086 281,642 272,066 265,753 270,505 268,456 274,873
Human resources................................. 772,440 827,533 869,410 923,765 958,232 1,002,336 1,033,426 1,057,738
Education, training, employment, and social 42,743 47,376 43,277 51,020 48,310 48,961 50,503 50,591
services.....................................
Health........................................ 89,497 99,415 107,122 115,418 119,378 123,843 131,442 141,074
Medicare...................................... 119,024 130,552 144,747 159,855 174,225 190,016 192,822 190,447
Income security............................... 199,527 209,934 217,114 223,736 229,658 234,946 237,653 242,373
Social security............................... 287,585 304,585 319,565 335,846 349,676 365,257 379,225 390,041
(On-budget)............................... (6,166) (6,236) (5,683) (5,476) (5,807) (6,885) (9,156) (10,828)
(Off-budget).............................. (281,418) (298,349) (313,881) (330,370) (343,869) (358,372) (370,069) (379,213)
Veterans benefits and services................ 34,064 35,671 37,584 37,890 36,985 39,313 41,781 43,212
Physical resources.............................. 75,616 46,860 70,708 59,142 64,201 59,900 74,703 81,930
Energy........................................ 4,500 4,319 5,219 4,936 2,839 1,475 1,270 912
Natural resources and environment............. 20,025 20,239 21,026 21,915 21,524 21,227 22,300 23,968
Commerce and housing credit................... 10,919 -21,853 -4,228 -17,808 -10,472 -14,624 1,014 2,647
(On-budget)............................... (10,260) (-23,294) (-5,331) (-15,839) (-10,292) (-14,575) (797) (1,626)
(Off-budget).............................. (659) (1,441) (1,103) (-1,969) (-180) (-49) (217) (1,021)
Transportation................................ 33,332 35,004 38,066 39,350 39,565 40,767 40,343 42,533
Community and regional development............ 6,841 9,149 10,625 10,749 10,745 11,055 9,776 11,870
Net interest.................................... 199,373 198,736 202,957 232,169 241,090 244,016 241,153 229,776
(On-budget)............................... (223,010) (225,524) (232,160) (265,474) (277,597) (285,230) (287,783) (281,847)
(Off-budget).............................. (-23,637) (-26,788) (-29,203) (-33,305) (-36,507) (-41,214) (-46,630) (-52,071)
Other functions................................. 75,185 82,682 74,956 73,150 68,916 74,498 82,075 98,060
International affairs......................... 16,107 17,248 17,083 16,434 13,496 15,228 13,109 15,243
General science, space and technology......... 16,409 17,030 16,227 16,724 16,709 17,174 18,219 18,125
Agriculture................................... 15,205 20,363 15,046 9,778 9,159 9,032 12,206 23,011
Administration of justice..................... 14,426 14,955 15,268 16,247 17,596 20,243 22,938 26,082
General government............................ 13,039 13,086 11,333 13,967 11,956 12,821 15,603 15,599
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -39,280 -37,386 -37,772 -44,455 -37,620 -49,973 -47,194 -40,445
(On-budget)............................... (-33,179) (-30,970) (-31,362) (-38,023) (-31,342) (-43,490) (-40,142) (-33,060)
(Off-budget).............................. (-6,101) (-6,416) (-6,409) (-6,432) (-6,278) (-6,483) (-7,052) (-7,385)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 1,381,684 1,409,512 1,461,902 1,515,837 1,560,572 1,601,282 1,652,619 1,701,932
(On-budget)............................... (1,129,345) (1,142,925) (1,182,530) (1,227,173) (1,259,668) (1,290,656) (1,336,015) (1,381,154)
(Off-budget).............................. (252,339) (266,587) (279,372) (288,664) (300,904) (310,626) (316,604) (320,778)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of outlays
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 21.6 20.7 19.3 17.9 17.0 16.9 16.2 16.2
Human resources................................. 55.9 58.7 59.5 60.9 61.4 62.6 62.5 62.1
Physical resources.............................. 5.5 3.3 4.8 3.9 4.1 3.7 4.5 4.8
Net interest.................................... 14.4 14.1 13.9 15.3 15.4 15.2 14.6 13.5
Other functions................................. 5.4 5.9 5.1 4.8 4.4 4.7 5.0 5.8
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -2.8 -2.7 -2.6 -2.9 -2.4 -3.1 -2.9 -2.4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
(On-budget)............................... (81.7) (81.1) (80.9) (81.0) (80.7) (80.6) (80.8) (81.2)
(Off-budget).............................. (18.3) (18.9) (19.1) (19.0) (19.3) (19.4) (19.2) (18.8)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of GDP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 4.8 4.4 4.1 3.7 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.0
Human resources................................. 12.4 12.6 12.5 12.6 12.5 12.2 11.9 11.6
Physical resources.............................. 1.2 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.9
Net interest.................................... 3.2 3.0 2.9 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.8 2.5
Other functions................................. 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.1
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 22.2 21.5 21.1 20.7 20.3 19.6 19.1 18.7
(On-budget)............................... (18.2) (17.4) (17.0) (16.8) (16.4) (15.8) (15.4) (15.1)
(Off-budget).............................. (4.1) (4.1) (4.0) (3.9) (3.9) (3.8) (3.7) (3.5)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 51]]
Table 3.1--OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940-2007--Continued
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Superfunction and Function 2000 2001 estimate estimate estimate estimate estimate estimate
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------In millions of dollars-----------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 294,495 308,533 347,986 379,012 393,802 413,527 428,549 442,473
Human resources................................. 1,115,444 1,196,127 1,315,251 1,397,506 1,463,464 1,538,897 1,617,289 1,700,376
Education, training, employment, and social 53,754 57,302 71,697 79,023 81,009 82,671 84,206 86,084
services.....................................
Health........................................ 154,533 172,634 195,237 231,935 258,830 277,751 297,033 318,255
Medicare...................................... 197,113 217,464 226,395 234,361 244,314 261,280 281,774 305,780
Income security............................... 253,525 269,770 310,733 319,680 325,002 334,322 345,198 352,696
Social security............................... 409,436 433,129 459,662 475,925 495,696 519,708 546,171 575,289
(On-budget)............................... (13,267) (11,717) (13,913) (14,304) (15,171) (16,063) (16,864) (18,013)
(Off-budget).............................. (396,169) (421,412) (445,749) (461,621) (480,525) (503,645) (529,307) (557,276)
Veterans benefits and services................ 47,083 45,828 51,527 56,582 58,613 63,165 62,907 62,272
Physical resources.............................. 84,665 99,651 112,058 111,705 110,764 109,049 106,822 109,205
Energy........................................ -1,060 89 561 566 331 847 670 657
Natural resources and environment............. 25,031 26,335 30,238 30,601 31,112 31,666 32,450 32,848
Commerce and housing credit................... 3,211 6,030 3,764 3,700 5,054 3,123 1,178 1,731
(On-budget)............................... (1,182) (3,728) (1,749) (5,148) (4,355) (3,291) (2,073) (2,525)
(Off-budget).............................. (2,029) (2,302) (2,015) (-1,448) (699) (-168) (-895) (-794)
Transportation................................ 46,854 55,220 62,130 59,449 56,301 55,987 56,904 58,568
Community and regional development............ 10,629 11,977 15,365 17,389 17,966 17,426 15,620 15,401
Net interest.................................... 223,041 206,199 178,385 180,659 188,830 190,230 188,310 185,332
(On-budget)............................... (282,837) (275,010) (255,207) (264,508) (280,859) (291,245) (299,269) (307,441)
(Off-budget).............................. (-59,796) (-68,811) (-76,822) (-83,849) (-92,029) (-101,015) (-110,959) (-122,109)
Other functions................................. 113,762 108,646 153,813 133,468 132,401 125,636 126,710 128,733
International affairs......................... 17,216 16,601 23,520 22,467 22,799 23,289 23,893 24,591
General science, space and technology......... 18,637 19,896 21,759 22,168 22,779 23,526 24,010 24,595
Agriculture................................... 36,641 26,553 28,830 24,226 22,842 21,263 20,422 20,292
Administration of justice..................... 27,995 30,443 34,442 40,619 43,505 39,486 39,665 40,440
General government............................ 13,273 15,153 18,262 17,632 19,646 18,588 18,981 19,201
Allowances.................................... ........... ........... 27,000 6,356 830 -516 -261 -386
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -42,581 -55,230 -55,173 -74,120 -100,166 -100,443 -98,575 -98,417
(On-budget)............................... (-34,944) (-47,320) (-45,930) (-64,556) (-89,934) (-89,409) (-86,831) (-85,969)
(Off-budget).............................. (-7,637) (-7,910) (-9,243) (-9,564) (-10,232) (-11,034) (-11,744) (-12,448)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 1,788,826 1,863,926 2,052,320 2,128,230 2,189,095 2,276,896 2,369,105 2,467,702
(On-budget)............................... (1,458,061) (1,516,933) (1,690,621) (1,761,470) (1,810,132) (1,885,468) (1,963,396) (2,045,777)
(Off-budget).............................. (330,765) (346,993) (361,699) (366,760) (378,963) (391,428) (405,709) (421,925)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of outlays
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 16.5 16.6 17.0 17.8 18.0 18.2 18.1 17.9
Human resources................................. 62.4 64.2 64.1 65.7 66.9 67.6 68.3 68.9
Physical resources.............................. 4.7 5.3 5.5 5.2 5.1 4.8 4.5 4.4
Net interest.................................... 12.5 11.1 8.7 8.5 8.6 8.4 7.9 7.5
Other functions................................. 6.4 5.8 7.5 6.3 6.0 5.5 5.3 5.2
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -2.4 -3.0 -2.7 -3.5 -4.6 -4.4 -4.2 -4.0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
(On-budget)............................... (81.5) (81.4) (82.4) (82.8) (82.7) (82.8) (82.9) (82.9)
(Off-budget).............................. (18.5) (18.6) (17.6) (17.2) (17.3) (17.2) (17.1) (17.1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As percentages of GDP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National defense................................ 3.0 3.0 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.3
Human resources................................. 11.4 11.8 12.7 12.8 12.7 12.7 12.6 12.6
Physical resources.............................. 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8
Net interest.................................... 2.3 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4
Other functions................................. 1.2 1.1 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0
Undistributed offsetting receipts............... -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal outlays.......................... 18.4 18.4 19.8 19.5 19.0 18.7 18.5 18.3
(On-budget)............................... (15.0) (14.9) (16.3) (16.1) (15.7) (15.5) (15.3) (15.2)
(Off-budget).............................. (3.4) (3.4) (3.5) (3.4) (3.3) (3.2) (3.2) (3.1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------