A vehicle does not pass an inspection if it has one of the following defects or deficiencies:
1.
a.
(2) Missing or broken mechanical components including: shoes, lining, pads, springs, anchor pins, spiders, cam rollers, push-rods, and air chamber mounting bolts.
(3) Loose brake components including air chambers, spiders, and cam shaft support brackets.
(4) Audible air leak at brake chamber (Example-ruptured diaphragm, loose chamber clamp, etc.).
(5) Readjustment limits. The maximum stroke at which brakes should be readjusted is given below. Any brake
(6) Brake linings or pads.
(a) Lining or pad is not firmly attached to the shoe;
(b) Saturated with oil, grease, or brake fluid; or
(c) Non-steering axles: Lining with a thickness less than
(d) Steering axles: Lining with a thickness less than
(7) Missing brake on any axle required to have brakes.
(8) Mismatch across any power unit steering axle of:
(a) Air chamber sizes.
(b) Slack adjuster length.
b.
c.
(1) With any external crack or cracks that open upon brake application (do not confuse short hairline heat check cracks with flexural cracks).
(2) Any portion of the drum or rotor missing or in danger of falling away.
d.
(1) Hose with any damage extending through the outer reinforcement ply. (Rubber impregnated fabric cover is not a reinforcement ply). (Thermoplastic nylon may have braid reinforcement or color difference between cover and inner tube. Exposure of second color is cause for rejection.
(2) Bulge or swelling when air pressure is applied.
(3) Any audible leaks.
(4) Two hoses improperly joined (such as a splice made by sliding the hose ends over a piece of tubing and clamping the hose to the tube).
(5) Air hose cracked, broken or crimped.
e.
(1) Any audible leak.
(2) Tubing cracked, damaged by heat, broken or crimped.
f.
g.
h.
(1) Compressor drive belts in condition of impending or probable failure.
(2) Loose compressor mounting bolts.
(3) Cracked, broken or loose pulley.
(4) Cracked or broken mounting brackets, braces or adapters.
i.
(1) Absence of braking action on any wheel required to have brakes.
(2) Missing or inoperable breakaway braking device.
j.
(1) Master cylinder less than
(2) No pedal reserve with engine running except by pumping pedal.
(3) Power assist unit fails to operate.
(4) Seeping or swelling brake hose(s) under application of pressure.
(5) Missing or inoperative check valve.
(6) Has any visually observed leaking hydraulic fluid in the brake system.
(7) Has hydraulic hose(s) abraded (chafed) through outer cover-to-fabric layer.
(8) Fluid lines or connections leaking, restricted, crimped, cracked or broken.
(9) Brake failure or low fluid warning light on and/or inoperative.
k.
(1) Has insufficient vacuum reserve to permit one full brake application after engine is shut off.
(2) Has vacuum hose(s) or line(s) restricted, abraded (chafed) through outer cover to cord
(3) Lacks an operative low-vacuum warning device as required.
2.
a.
(1) Mounting to frame.
(a) Any fasteners missing or ineffective.
(b) Any movement between mounting components.
(c) Any mounting angle iron cracked or broken.
(2) Mounting plates and pivot brackets.
(a) Any fasteners missing or ineffective.
(b) Any welds or parent metal cracked.
(c) More than
(d) Pivot bracket pin missing or not secured.
(3) Sliders.
(a) Any latching fasteners missing or ineffective.
(b) Any fore or aft stop missing or not securely attached.
(c) Movement more than
(d) Any slider component cracked in parent metal or weld.
(4) Lower coupler.
(a) Horizontal movement between the upper and lower fifth wheel halves exceeds
(b) Operating handle not in closed or locked position.
(c) Kingpin not properly engaged.
(d) Separation between upper and lower coupler allowing light to show through from side to side.
(e) Cracks in the fifth wheel plate.
(f) Locking mechanism parts missing, broken, or deformed to the extent the kingpin is not securely held.
b.
(1) Mounting to frame.
(a) Any missing or ineffective fasteners (a fastener is not considered missing if there is an empty hole in the device but no corresponding hole in the frame or vice versa).
(b) Mounting surface cracks extending from point of attachment (e.g., cracks in the frame at mounting bolt holes).
(c) Loose mounting.
(d) Frame cross member providing pintle hook attachment cracked.
(2) Integrity.
(a) Cracks anywhere in pintle hook assembly.
(b) Any welded repairs to the pintle hook.
(c) Any part of the horn section reduced by more than 20%.
(d) Latch insecure.
c.
(1) Mounting.
(a) Any cracks in attachment welds.
(b) Any missing or ineffective fasteners.
(2) Integrity.
(a) Any cracks.
(b) Any part of the eye reduced by more than 20%.
d.
(1) Slider (power or manual).
(a) Ineffective latching mechanism
(b) Missing or ineffective stop.
(c) Movement of more than
(d) Any leaking, air or hydraulic cylinders, hoses, or chambers (other than slight oil weeping normal with hydraulic seals).
(2) Integrity.
(a) Any cracks.
(b) Movement of
e.
(1) Safety devices missing.
(2) Unattached or incapable of secure attachment.
(3) Chains and hooks.
(a) Worn to the extent of a measurable reduction in link cross section.
(b) Improper repairs including welding, wire, small bolts, rope and tape.
(4) Cable.
(a) Kinked or broken cable strands.
(b) Improper clamps or clamping.
f.
(1) Method of attachment.
(a) Any missing or ineffective fasteners.
(b) Loose mountings.
(c) Any cracks or breaks in a stress or load bearing member.
(d) Horizontal movement between upper and lower saddle-mount halves exceeds
3.
a. Any exhaust system determined to be leaking at a point forward of or directly below the driver/sleeper compartment.
b. A bus exhaust system leaking or discharging to the atmosphere:
(1) Gasoline powered—excess of 6 inches forward of the rearmost part of the bus.
(2) Other than gasoline powered—in excess of 15 inches forward of the rearmost part of the bus.
(3) Other than gasoline powered—forward of a door or window designed to be opened. (exception: Emergency exits).
c. No part of the exhaust system of any motor vehicle shall be so located as would be likely to result in burning, charring, or damaging the electrical wiring, the fuel supply, or any combustible part of the motor vehicle.
4.
a. A fuel system with a visable leak at any point.
b. A fuel tank filler cap missing.
c. A fuel tank not securely attached to the motor vehicle by reason of loose, broken or missing mounting bolts or brackets (some
5.
6.
a. Part(s) of vehicle or condition of loading such that the spare tire or any part of the load or dunnage can fall onto the roadway.
b. Protection Against Shifting Cargo—Any vehicle without a front-end structure or equivalent device as required.
7.
a.
b.
(1) Any absence or looseness of U-bolt(s) or positioning part(s).
(2) Worn, faulty or obviously repair welded universal joint(s).
(3) Steering wheel not properly secured.
c.
(1) Any crack(s).
(2) Any obvious welded repair(s).
d.
(1) Any mounting bolt(s) loose or missing.
(2) Any crack(s) in gear box or mounting brackets.
e.
f.
g.
(1) Any movement under steering load of a stud nut.
(2) Any motion, other than rotational, between any linkage member and its attachment point of more than
h.
(1) Loose clamp(s) or clamp bolt(s) on tie rods or drag links.
(2) Any looseness in any threaded joint.
i.
j.
8.
a. Any U-bolt(s), spring hanger(s), or other axle positioning part(s) cracked, broken, loose or missing resulting in shifting of an axle from its normal position. (After a turn, lateral axle displacement is normal with some suspensions. Forward or rearward operation in a straight line will cause the axle to return to alignment).
b.
(1) Any leaves in a leaf spring assembly broken or missing.
(2) Any broken main leaf in a leaf spring assembly. (Includes assembly with more than one main spring).
(3) Coil spring broken.
(4) Rubber spring missing.
(5) One or more leaves displaced in a manner that could result in contact with a tire, rim, brake drum or frame.
(6) Broken torsion bar spring in a torsion bar suspension.
(7) Deflated air suspension, i.e., system failure, leak, etc.
c.
9.
a.
(1) Any cracked, broken, loose, or sagging frame member.
(2) Any loose or missing fasteners including fasteners attaching functional component such as engine, transmission, steering gear, suspension, body parts, and fifth wheel.
b.
c. (1)
10.
a. Any tire on any steering axle of a power unit.
(1) With less than
(2) Has body ply or belt material exposed through the tread or sidewall.
(3) Has any tread or sidewall separation.
(4) Has a cut where the ply or belt material is exposed.
(5) Labeled “Not for Highway Use” or displaying other marking which would exclude use on steering axle.
(6) A tube-type radial tire without radial tube stem markings. These markings include a red band around the tube stem, the word “radial” embossed in metal stems, or the word “radial” molded in rubber stems.
(7) Mixing bias and radial tires on the same axle.
(8) Tire flap protrudes through valve slot in rim and touches stem.
(9) Regrooved tire except motor vehicles used solely in urban or suburban service (see exception in 393.75(e).
(10) Boot, blowout patch or other ply repair.
(11) Weight carried exceeds tire load limit. This includes overloaded tire resulting from low air pressure.
(12) Tire is flat or has noticeable (e.g., can be heard or felt) leak.
(13) Any bus equipped with recapped or retreaded tire(s).
(14) So mounted or inflated that it comes in contact with any part of the vehicle.
b. All tires other than those found on the steering axle of a power unit:
(1) Weight carried exceeds tire load limit. This includes overloaded tire resulting from low air pressure.
(2) Tire is flat or has noticeable (e.g., can be heard or felt) leak.
(3) Has body ply or belt material exposed through the tread or sidewall.
(4) Has any tread or sidewall separation.
(5) Has a cut where ply or belt material is exposed.
(6) So mounted or inflated that it comes in contact with any part of the vehicle. (This includes a tire that contacts its mate.)
(7) Is marked “Not for highway use” or otherwise marked and having like meaning.
(8) With less than
11.
a.
b.
c.
d.
(1) Any cracks in welds attaching disc wheel disc to rim.
(2) Any crack in welds attaching tubeless demountable rim to adapter.
(3) Any welded repair on aluminum wheel(s) on a steering axle.
(4) Any welded repair other than disc to rim attachment on steel disc wheel(s) mounted on the steering axle.
12.
13.
The vehicle portion of the FHWA's North American Uniform Driver-Vehicle Inspection Procedure (NAUD-VIP) requirements, CVSA's North American Commercial Vehicle Critical Safety Inspection Items and Out-Of-Service Criteria and Appendix G of subchapter B are similar documents and follow the same inspection procedures. The same items are required to be inspected by each document. FHWA's and CVSA's out-of-service criteria are intended to be used in random roadside inspections to identify critical vehicle inspection items and provide criteria for placing a vehicle(s) out-of-service. Avehicle(s) is placed out-of-service only when by reason of its mechanical condition or loading it is determined to be so imminently hazardous as to likely cause an accident or breakdown, or when such condition(s) would likely contribute to loss of control of the vehicle(s) by the driver. A certain amount of flexibility is given to the inspecting official whether to place the vehicle out-of-service at the inspection site or if it would be less hazardous to allow the vehicle to proceed to a repair facility for repair. The distance to the repair facility must not exceed 25 miles. The roadside type of inspection, however, does not necessarily mean that a vehicle has to be defect-free in order to continue in service.
In contrast, the Appendix G inspection procedure requires that all items required to be inspected are in proper adjustment, are not defective and function properly prior to the vehicle being placed in service.
1.
The Appendix G criteria rejects vehicles with any defective brakes, any air leaks, etc. The out-of-service criteria allows 20% defective brakes on non-steering axles and a certain latitude on air leaks before placing a vehicle out-of-service.
2.
Appendix G rejects vehicles with any fifth wheel mounting fastener missing or ineffective. The out-of-service criteria allows up to 20% missing or ineffective fasteners on frame mountings and pivot bracket mountings and 25% on slider latching fasteners. The out-of-service criteria also allows some latitude on cracked welds.
3.
Appendix G follows Section 393.83 verbatim. The CVSA out-of-service criteria allows vehicles to exhaust forward of the dimensions given in Section 393.83 as long as
4.
Same for Appendix G and the out-of-service criteria.
5.
Appendix G requires all lighting devices required by Section 393 to be operative at all times. The out-of-service criteria only requires one stop light and functioning turn signals on the rear most vehicle of a combination vehicle to be operative at all times. In addition one operative head lamp and tail lamp are required during the hours of darkness.
6.
Same for both Appendix G and the out-of-service criteria.
7.
Steering lash requirements of Appendix G follows the new requirements of § 393.209.
8.
Appendix G follows the new requirements of § 393.207 which does not allow any broken leaves in a leaf spring assembly. The out-of-service criteria allows up to 25% broken or missing leaves before being placed out-of-service.
9.
The out-of-service criteria allows a certain latitude in frame cracks before placing a vehicle out-of-service. Appendix G follows the new requirements of 393.201 which does not allow any frame cracks.
10.
Appendix G follows the requirements of 393.75 which requires a tire tread depth of
11.
The out-of-service criteria allows a certain amount latitude for wheel and rim cracks and missing or defective fasteners. Appendix G meets the requirements of the new 393.205 which does not allow defective wheels and rims non-effective nuts and bolts.
12.
The out-of-service criteria places in a restricted service condition any vehicle that has a crack or discoloration in the windshield area lying within the sweep of the wiper on the drivers side and does not address the remaining area of the windshield. Appendix G addresses requirements for the whole windshield as specified in 393.60.
13.
Appendix G requires windshield wipers to be operative at all times. The out-of-service criteria only requires that the windshield wiper on the driver's side to be inspected during inclement weather.