[Title 40 CFR ]
[Code of Federal Regulations (annual edition) - July 1, 2000 Edition]
[From the U.S. Government Printing Office]
[[Page i]]
40
Parts 266 to 299
Revised as of July 1, 2000
Protection of Environment
Containing a Codification of documents of general
applicability and future effect
As of July 1, 2000
With Ancillaries
Published by
Office of the Federal Register
National Archives and Records
Administration
As a Special Edition of the Federal Register
[[Page ii]]
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON : 2000
For sale by U.S. Government Printing Office
Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328
[[Page iii]]
Table of Contents
Page
Explanation................................................. v
Title 40:
Chapter I--Environmental Protection Agency
(Continued) 3
Finding Aids:
Material Approved for Incorporation by Reference........ 603
Table of CFR Titles and Chapters........................ 609
Alphabetical List of Agencies Appearing in the CFR...... 627
List of CFR Sections Affected........................... 637
[[Page iv]]
----------------------------
Cite this Code: CFR
To cite the regulations in
this volume use title,
part and section number.
Thus, 40 CFR 266.20
refers to title 40, part
266, section 20.
----------------------------
[[Page v]]
EXPLANATION
The Code of Federal Regulations is a codification of the general and
permanent rules published in the Federal Register by the Executive
departments and agencies of the Federal Government. The Code is divided
into 50 titles which represent broad areas subject to Federal
regulation. Each title is divided into chapters which usually bear the
name of the issuing agency. Each chapter is further subdivided into
parts covering specific regulatory areas.
Each volume of the Code is revised at least once each calendar year
and issued on a quarterly basis approximately as follows:
Title 1 through Title 16.................................as of January 1
Title 17 through Title 27..................................as of April 1
Title 28 through Title 41...................................as of July 1
Title 42 through Title 50................................as of October 1
The appropriate revision date is printed on the cover of each
volume.
LEGAL STATUS
The contents of the Federal Register are required to be judicially
noticed (44 U.S.C. 1507). The Code of Federal Regulations is prima facie
evidence of the text of the original documents (44 U.S.C. 1510).
HOW TO USE THE CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS
The Code of Federal Regulations is kept up to date by the individual
issues of the Federal Register. These two publications must be used
together to determine the latest version of any given rule.
To determine whether a Code volume has been amended since its
revision date (in this case, July 1, 2000), consult the ``List of CFR
Sections Affected (LSA),'' which is issued monthly, and the ``Cumulative
List of Parts Affected,'' which appears in the Reader Aids section of
the daily Federal Register. These two lists will identify the Federal
Register page number of the latest amendment of any given rule.
EFFECTIVE AND EXPIRATION DATES
Each volume of the Code contains amendments published in the Federal
Register since the last revision of that volume of the Code. Source
citations for the regulations are referred to by volume number and page
number of the Federal Register and date of publication. Publication
dates and effective dates are usually not the same and care must be
exercised by the user in determining the actual effective date. In
instances where the effective date is beyond the cut-off date for the
Code a note has been inserted to reflect the future effective date. In
those instances where a regulation published in the Federal Register
states a date certain for expiration, an appropriate note will be
inserted following the text.
OMB CONTROL NUMBERS
The Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 (Pub. L. 96-511) requires
Federal agencies to display an OMB control number with their information
collection request.
[[Page vi]]
Many agencies have begun publishing numerous OMB control numbers as
amendments to existing regulations in the CFR. These OMB numbers are
placed as close as possible to the applicable recordkeeping or reporting
requirements.
OBSOLETE PROVISIONS
Provisions that become obsolete before the revision date stated on
the cover of each volume are not carried. Code users may find the text
of provisions in effect on a given date in the past by using the
appropriate numerical list of sections affected. For the period before
January 1, 1986, consult either the List of CFR Sections Affected, 1949-
1963, 1964-1972, or 1973-1985, published in seven separate volumes. For
the period beginning January 1, 1986, a ``List of CFR Sections
Affected'' is published at the end of each CFR volume.
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
What is incorporation by reference? Incorporation by reference was
established by statute and allows Federal agencies to meet the
requirement to publish regulations in the Federal Register by referring
to materials already published elsewhere. For an incorporation to be
valid, the Director of the Federal Register must approve it. The legal
effect of incorporation by reference is that the material is treated as
if it were published in full in the Federal Register (5 U.S.C. 552(a)).
This material, like any other properly issued regulation, has the force
of law.
What is a proper incorporation by reference? The Director of the
Federal Register will approve an incorporation by reference only when
the requirements of 1 CFR part 51 are met. Some of the elements on which
approval is based are:
(a) The incorporation will substantially reduce the volume of
material published in the Federal Register.
(b) The matter incorporated is in fact available to the extent
necessary to afford fairness and uniformity in the administrative
process.
(c) The incorporating document is drafted and submitted for
publication in accordance with 1 CFR part 51.
Properly approved incorporations by reference in this volume are
listed in the Finding Aids at the end of this volume.
What if the material incorporated by reference cannot be found? If
you have any problem locating or obtaining a copy of material listed in
the Finding Aids of this volume as an approved incorporation by
reference, please contact the agency that issued the regulation
containing that incorporation. If, after contacting the agency, you find
the material is not available, please notify the Director of the Federal
Register, National Archives and Records Administration, Washington DC
20408, or call (202) 523-4534.
CFR INDEXES AND TABULAR GUIDES
A subject index to the Code of Federal Regulations is contained in a
separate volume, revised annually as of January 1, entitled CFR Index
and Finding Aids. This volume contains the Parallel Table of Statutory
Authorities and Agency Rules (Table I). A list of CFR titles, chapters,
and parts and an alphabetical list of agencies publishing in the CFR are
also included in this volume.
An index to the text of ``Title 3--The President'' is carried within
that volume.
The Federal Register Index is issued monthly in cumulative form.
This index is based on a consolidation of the ``Contents'' entries in
the daily Federal Register.
A List of CFR Sections Affected (LSA) is published monthly, keyed to
the revision dates of the 50 CFR titles.
[[Page vii]]
REPUBLICATION OF MATERIAL
There are no restrictions on the republication of material appearing
in the Code of Federal Regulations.
INQUIRIES
For a legal interpretation or explanation of any regulation in this
volume, contact the issuing agency. The issuing agency's name appears at
the top of odd-numbered pages.
For inquiries concerning CFR reference assistance, call 202-523-5227
or write to the Director, Office of the Federal Register, National
Archives and Records Administration, Washington, DC 20408 or e-mail
[email protected].
SALES
The Government Printing Office (GPO) processes all sales and
distribution of the CFR. For payment by credit card, call 202-512-1800,
M-F, 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. e.s.t. or fax your order to 202-512-2233, 24 hours
a day. For payment by check, write to the Superintendent of Documents,
Attn: New Orders, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954. For GPO
Customer Service call 202-512-1803.
ELECTRONIC SERVICES
The full text of the Code of Federal Regulations, The United States
Government Manual, the Federal Register, Public Laws, Public Papers,
Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents and the Privacy Act
Compilation are available in electronic format at www.access.gpo.gov/
nara (``GPO Access''). For more information, contact Electronic
Information Dissemination Services, U.S. Government Printing Office.
Phone 202-512-1530, or 888-293-6498 (toll-free). E-mail,
[email protected].
The Office of the Federal Register also offers a free service on the
National Archives and Records Administration's (NARA) World Wide Web
site for public law numbers, Federal Register finding aids, and related
information. Connect to NARA's web site at www.nara.gov/fedreg. The NARA
site also contains links to GPO Access.
Raymond A. Mosley,
Director,
Office of the Federal Register.
July 1, 2000.
[[Page ix]]
THIS TITLE
Title 40--Protection of Environment is composed of twenty-four
volumes. The parts in these volumes are arranged in the following order:
parts 1-49, parts 50-51, part 52 (52.01-52.1018), part 52 (52.1019-End),
parts 53-59, part 60, parts 61-62, part 63 (63.1-63.1199), part 63
(63.1200-End), parts 64-71, parts 72-80, parts 81-85, part 86, parts 87-
135, parts 136-149, parts 150-189, parts 190-259, parts 260-265, parts
266-299, parts 300-399, parts 400-424, parts 425-699, parts 700-789, and
part 790 to End. The contents of these volumes represent all current
regulations codified under this title of the CFR as of July 1, 2000.
Chapter I--Environmental Protection Agency appears in all twenty-
four volumes. A Pesticide Tolerance Commodity/Chemical Index and Crop
Grouping Commodities Index appear in parts 150-189. A Toxic Substances
Chemical--CAS Number Index appears in parts 700-789 and part 790 to End.
Redesignation Tables appear in the volumes containing parts 50-51, parts
150-189, and parts 700-789. Regulations issued by the Council on
Environmental Quality appear in the volume containing part 790 to End.
The OMB control numbers for title 40 appear in Sec. 9.1 of this chapter.
For this volume, Jonn V. Lilyea was Chief Editor. The Code of
Federal Regulations publication program is under the direction of
Frances D. McDonald, assisted by Alomha S. Morris.
[[Page x]]
[[Page 1]]
TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
(This book contains parts 266 to 299)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Part
chapter i--Environmental Protection Agency (Continued)...... 266
[[Page 3]]
CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY (CONTINUED)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
SUBCHAPTER I--SOLID WASTES (CONTINUED)
Part Page
266 Standards for the management of specific
hazardous wastes and specific types of
hazardous waste management facilities... 5
267 [Reserved]
268 Land disposal restrictions.................. 117
270 EPA administered permit programs: The
Hazardous Waste Permit Program.......... 282
271 Requirements for authorization of State
hazardous waste programs................ 358
272 Approved State hazardous waste management
programs................................ 381
273 Standards for universal waste management.... 416
279 Standards for the management of used oil.... 432
280 Technical standards and corrective action
requirements for owners and operators of
underground storage tanks (UST)......... 458
281 Approval of state underground storage tank
programs................................ 529
282 Approved underground storage tank programs.. 540
283-299 [Reserved]
[[Page 5]]
SUBCHAPTER I--SOLID WASTES (Continued)
PART 266--STANDARDS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF SPECIFIC HAZARDOUS WASTES AND SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITIES--Table of Contents
Subparts A-B [Reserved]
Subpart C--Recyclable Materials Used in a Manner Constituting Disposal
Sec.
266.20 Applicability.
266.21 Standards applicable to generators and transporters of materials
used in a manner that constitutes disposal.
266.22 Standards applicable to storers of materials that are to be used
in a manner that constitutes disposal who are not the ultimate
users.
266.23 Standards applicable to users of materials that are used in a
manner that constitutes disposal.
Subparts D-E [Reserved]
Subpart F--Recyclable Materials Utilized for Precious Metal Recovery
266.70 Applicability and requirements.
Subpart G--Spent Lead-Acid Batteries Being Reclaimed
266.80 Applicability and requirements.
Subpart H--Hazardous Waste Burned in Boilers and Industrial Furnaces
266.100 Applicability.
266.101 Management prior to burning.
266.102 Permit standards for burners.
266.103 Interim status standards for burners.
266.104 Standards to control organic emissions.
266.105 Standards to control particulate matter.
266.106 Standards to control metals emissions.
266.107 Standards to control hydrogen chloride (HCl) and chlorine gas
(Cl2) emissions.
266.108 Small quantity on-site burner exemption.
266.109 Low risk waste exemption.
266.110 Waiver of DRE trial burn for boilers.
266.111 Standards for direct transfer.
266.112 Regulation of residues.
Subparts I-L [Reserved]
Subpart M--Military Munitions
266.200 Applicability.
266.201 Definitions.
266.202 Definition of solid waste.
266.203 Standards applicable to the transportation of solid waste
military munitions.
266.204 Standards applicable to emergency responses.
266.205 Standards applicable to the storage of solid waste military
munitions.
266.206 Standards applicable to the treatment and disposal of waste
military munitions.
Appendices to Part 266
Appendix I--Tier I and Tier II Feed Rate and Emissions Screening Limits
for Metals
Appendix II--Tier I Feed Rate Screening Limits for Total Chlorine
Appendix III--Tier II Emission Rate Screening Limits for Free Chlorine
and Hydrogen Chloride
Appendix IV--Reference Air Concentrations
Appendix V--Risk Specific Doses (10-5)
Appendix VI--Stack Plume Rise
Appendix VII--Health-Based Limits for Exclusion of Waste-Derived
Residues
Appendix VIII--Potential PICs for Determination of Exclusion of Waste-
Derived Residues
Appendix IX--Methods Manual for Compliance With the BIF Regulations
Appendix X [Reserved]
Appendix XI--Lead-Bearing Materials That May Be Processed in Exempt Lead
Smelters
Appendix XII--Nickel or Chromium-Bearing Materials That May Be Processed
in Exempt Nickel-Chromium Recovery Furnaces
Appendix XIII--Mercury Bearing Wastes That May Be Processed in Exempt
Mercury Recovery Units
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 1006, 2002(a), 3004, and 3014, 6905, 6906,
6912, 6922, 6924, 6925, and 6937.
Source: 50 FR 666, Jan. 4, 1985, unless otherwise noted.
Subparts A--B [Reserved]
[[Page 6]]
Subpart C--Recyclable Materials Used in a Manner Constituting Disposal
Sec. 266.20 Applicability.
(a) The regulations of this subpart apply to recyclable materials
that are applied to or placed on the land:
(1) Without mixing with any other substance(s); or
(2) After mixing or combination with any other substance(s). These
materials will be referred to throughout this subpart as ``materials
used in a manner that constitutes disposal.''
(b) Products produced for the general public's use that are used in
a manner that constitutes disposal and that contain recyclable materials
are not presently subject to regulation if the recyclable materials have
undergone a chemical reaction in the course of producing the products so
as to become inseparable by physical means and if such products meet the
applicable treatment standards in subpart D of part 268 (or applicable
prohibition levels in Sec. 268.32 or RCRA section 3004(d), where no
treatment standards have been established) for each recyclable material
(i.e., hazardous waste) that they contain. Commercial fertilizers that
are produced for the general public's use that contain recyclable
materials also are not presently subject to regulation provided they
meet these same treatment standards or prohibition levels for each
recyclable material that they contain. However, zinc-containing
fertilizers using hazardous waste K061 that are produced for the general
public's use are not presently subject to regulation.
(c) Anti-skid/deicing uses of slags, which are generated from high
temperature metals recovery (HTMR) processing of hazardous waste K061,
K062, and F006, in a manner constituting disposal are not covered by the
exemption in paragraph (b) of this section and remain subject to
regulation.
[50 FR 666, Jan. 4, 1985, as amended at 52 FR 21307, June 5, 1987; 54 FR
36970, Sept. 6, 1989; 59 FR 43500, Aug. 24, 1994]
Sec. 266.21 Standards applicable to generators and transporters of materials used in a manner that constitutes disposal.
Generators and transporters of materials that are used in a manner
that constitutes disposal are subject to the applicable requirements of
parts 262 and 263 of this chapter, and the notification requirement
under section 3010 of RCRA.
Sec. 266.22 Standards applicable to storers of materials that are to be used in a manner that constitutes disposal who are not the ultimate users.
Owners or operators of facilities that store recyclable materials
that are to be used in a manner that constitutes disposal, but who are
not the ultimate users of the materials, are regulated under all
applicable provisions of subparts A through L of parts 264 and 265 and
parts 270 and 124 of this chapter and the notification requirement under
section 3010 of RCRA.
Sec. 266.23 Standards applicable to users of materials that are used in a manner that constitutes disposal.
(a) Owners or operators of facilities that use recyclable materials
in a manner that constitutes disposal are regulated under all applicable
provisions of subparts A through N of parts 124, 264, 265, 268, and 270
of this chapter and the notification requirement under section 3010 of
RCRA. (These requirements do not apply to products which contain these
recyclable materials under the provisions of Sec. 266.20(b) of this
chapter.)
(b) The use of waste or used oil or other material, which is
contaminated with dioxin or any other hazardous waste (other than a
waste identified solely on the basis of ignitability), for dust
suppression or road treatment is prohibited.
[50 FR 666, Jan. 4, 1985, as amended at 50 FR 28750, July 15, 1985; 59
FR 48042, Sept. 19, 1994]
Subpart D-E [Reserved]
[[Page 7]]
Subpart F--Recyclable Materials Utilized for Precious Metal Recovery
Sec. 266.70 Applicability and requirements.
(a) The regulations of this subpart apply to recyclable materials
that are reclaimed to recover economically significant amounts of gold,
silver, platinum, paladium, irridium, osmium, rhodium, ruthenium, or any
combination of these.
(b) Persons who generate, transport, or store recyclable materials
that are regulated under this subpart are subject to the following
requirements:
(1) Notification requirements under section 3010 of RCRA;
(2) Subpart B of part 262 (for generators), Secs. 263.20 and 263.21
(for transporters), and Secs. 265.71 and 265.72 (for persons who store)
of this chapter; and
(3) For precious metals exported to or imported from designated OECD
member countries for recovery, subpart H of part 262 and
Sec. 265.12(a)(2) of this chapter. For precious metals exported to or
imported from non-OECD countries for recovery, subparts E and F of 40
CFR part 262.
(c) Persons who store recycled materials that are regulated under
this subpart must keep the following records to document that they are
not accumulating these materials speculatively (as defined in
Sec. 261.1(c) of this chapter);
(1) Records showing the volume of these materials stored at the
beginning of the calendar year;
(2) The amount of these materials generated or received during the
calendar year; and
(3) The amount of materials remaining at the end of the calendar
year.
(d) Recyclable materials that are regulated under this subpart that
are accumulated speculatively (as defined in Sec. 261.1(c) of this
chapter) are subject to all applicable provisions of parts 262 through
265, 270 and 124 of this chapter.
[50 FR 666, Jan. 4, 1985, as amended at 61 FR 16315, Apr. 12, 1996]
Subpart G--Spent Lead-Acid Batteries Being Reclaimed
Sec. 266.80 Applicability and requirements.
(a) Are spent lead-acid batteries exempt from hazardous waste
management requirements? If you generate, collect, transport, store, or
regenerate lead-acid batteries for reclamation purposes, you may be
exempt from certain hazardous waste management requirements. Use the
following table to determine which requirements apply to you.
Alternatively, you may choose to manage your spent lead-acid batteries
under the ``Universal Waste'' rule in 40 CFR part 273.
[[Page 8]]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If your batteries * * * And if you * * * Then you * * * And you * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Will be reclaimed through are exempt from 40 CFR parts are subject to 40 CFR
regeneration (such as by 262 (except for Sec. 262.11) parts 261 and Sec.
electrolyte replacement). 263, 264, 265, 266, 268, 270, 262.11 of this
124 of this chapter, and the chapter.
notification requirements at
section 3010 of RCRA.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2) Will be reclaimed other than generate, collect, are exempt from 40 CFR parts are subject to 40 CFR
through regeneration. and/or transport 262 (except for Sec. 262.11) parts 261 and Sec.
these batteries. 263, 264, 265, 266, 270, 124 262.11, and
of this chapter, and the applicable
notification requirements at provisions under
section 3010 of RCRA. part 268.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(3) Will be reclaimed other than store these are exempt from 40 CFR parts are subject to 40 CFR
through regeneration. batteries but you 262 (except for Sec. 262.11) parts 261, Sec.
aren't the 263, 264, 265, 266, 270, 124 262.11, and
reclaimer. of this chapter, and the applicable
notification requirements at provisions under
section 3010 of RCRA. part 268.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(4) Will be reclaimed other than store these must comply with 40 CFR are subject to 40 CFR
through regeneration. batteries before 266.80(b) and as appropriate parts 261, Sec.
you reclaim them. other regulatory provisions 262.11, and
described in 266.80(b). applicable
provisions under
part 268.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(5) Will be reclaimed other than don't store these are exempt from 40 CFR parts are subject to 40 CFR
through regeneration. batteries before 262 (except for Sec. 262.11) parts 261, Sec.
you reclaim them. 263, 264, 265, 266, 270, 124 262.11, and
of this chapter, and the applicable
notification requirements at provisions under
section 3010 of RCRA. part 268.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 9]]
(b) If I store spent lead-acid batteries before I reclaim them but
not through regeneration, which requirements apply? The requirements of
paragraph (b) of this section apply to you if you store spent lead-acid
batteries before you reclaim them, but you don't reclaim them through
regeneration. The requirements are slightly different depending on your
RCRA permit status.
(1) For Interim Status Facilities, you must comply with:
(i) Notification requirements under section 3010 of RCRA.
(ii) All applicable provisions in subpart A of part 265 of this
chapter.
(iii) All applicable provisions in subpart B of part 265 of this
chapter except Sec. 265.13 (waste analysis).
(iv) All applicable provisions in subparts C and D of part 265 of
this chapter.
(v) All applicable provisions in subpart E of part 265 of this
chapter except Secs. 265.71 and 265.72 (dealing with the use of the
manifest and manifest discrepancies).
(vi) All applicable provisions in subparts F through L of part 265
of this chapter.
(vii) All applicable provisions in parts 270 and 124 of this
chapter.
(2) For Permitted Facilities:
(i) Notification requirements under section 3010 of RCRA.
(ii) All applicable provisions in subpart A of part 264 of this
chapter.
(iii) All applicable provisions in subpart B of part 264 of this
chapter (but not Sec. 264.13 (waste analysis).
(iv) All applicable provisions in subparts C and D of part 264 of
this chapter.
(v) All applicable provisions in subpart E of part 264 of this
chapter (but not Sec. 264.71 or Sec. 264.72 (dealing with the use of the
manifest and manifest discrepancies).
(vi) All applicable provisions in subparts F through L of part 264
of this chapter.
(vii) All applicable provisions in parts 270 and 124 of this
chapter.
[63 FR 71229, Dec. 24, 1998]
Subpart H--Hazardous Waste Burned in Boilers and Industrial Furnaces
Source: 56 FR 7208, Feb. 21, 1991, unless otherwise noted.
Sec. 266.100 Applicability.
(a) The regulations of this subpart apply to hazardous waste burned
or processed in a boiler or industrial furnace (as defined in
Sec. 260.10 of this chapter) irrespective of the purpose of burning or
processing, except as provided by paragraphs (b), (c), (d), and (f) of
this section. In this subpart, the term ``burn'' means burning for
energy recovery or destruction, or processing for materials recovery or
as an ingredient. The emissions standards of Secs. 266.104, 266.105,
266.106, and 266.107 apply to facilities operating under interim status
or under a RCRA permit as specified in Secs. 266.102 and 266.103.
(b) Integration of the MACT standards. (1) Except as provided by
paragraph (b)(2) of this section, the standards of this part no longer
apply when an affected source demonstrates compliance with the maximum
achievable control technology (MACT) requirements of part 63, subpart
EEE, of this chapter by conducting a comprehensive performance test and
submitting to the Administrator a Notification of Compliance under
Secs. 63.1207(j) and 63.1210(d) of this chapter documenting compliance
with the requirements of subpart EEE. Nevertheless, even after this
demonstration of compliance with the MACT standards, RCRA permit
conditions that were based on the standards of this part will continue
to be in effect until they are removed from the permit or the permit is
terminated or revoked, unless the permit expressly provides otherwise.
(2) The following standards continue to apply:
(i) The closure requirements of Secs. 266.102(e)(11) and 266.103(l);
(ii) The standards for direct transfer of Sec. 266.111;
(iii) The standards for regulation of residues of Sec. 266.212; and
[[Page 10]]
(iv) The applicable requirements of subparts A through H, BB and CC
of parts 264 and 265 of this chapter.
(c) The following hazardous wastes and facilities are not subject to
regulation under this subpart:
(1) Used oil burned for energy recovery that is also a hazardous
waste solely because it exhibits a characteristic of hazardous waste
identified in subpart C of part 261 of this chapter. Such used oil is
subject to regulation under part 279 of this chapter;
(2) Gas recovered from hazardous or solid waste landfills when such
gas is burned for energy recovery;
(3) Hazardous wastes that are exempt from regulation under
Secs. 261.4 and 261.6(a)(3) (iii) and (iv) of this chapter, and
hazardous wastes that are subject to the special requirements for
conditionally exempt small quantity generators under Sec. 261.5 of this
chapter; and
(4) Coke ovens, if the only hazardous waste burned is EPA Hazardous
Waste No. K087, decanter tank tar sludge from coking operations.
(d) Owners and operators of smelting, melting, and refining furnaces
(including pyrometallurgical devices such as cupolas, sintering
machines, roasters, and foundry furnaces, but not including cement
kilns, aggregate kilns, or halogen acid furnaces burning hazardous
waste) that process hazardous waste solely for metal recovery are
conditionally exempt from regulation under this subpart, except for
Secs. 266.101 and 266.112.
(1) To be exempt from Secs. 266.102 through 266.111, an owner or
operator of a metal recovery furnace or mercury recovery furnace must
comply with the following requirements, except that an owner or operator
of a lead or a nickel-chromium recovery furnace, or a metal recovery
furnace that burns baghouse bags used to capture metallic dusts emitted
by steel manufacturing, must comply with the requirements of paragraph
(d)(3) of this section, and owners or operators of lead recovery
furnaces that are subject to regulation under the Secondary Lead
Smelting NESHAP must comply with the requirements of paragraph (h) of
this section.
(i) Provide a one-time written notice to the Director indicating the
following:
(A) The owner or operator claims exemption under this paragraph;
(B) The hazardous waste is burned solely for metal recovery
consistent with the provisions of paragraph (c)(2) of this section;
(C) The hazardous waste contains recoverable levels of metals; and
(D) The owner or operator will comply with the sampling and analysis
and recordkeeping requirements of this paragraph;
(ii) Sample and analyze the hazardous waste and other feedstocks as
necessary to comply with the requirements of this paragraph under
procedures specified by Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste,
Physical/Chemical Methods, SW-846, incorporated by reference in
Sec. 260.11 of this chapter or alternative methods that meet or exceed
the SW-846 method performance capabilities. If SW-846 does not prescribe
a method for a particular determination, the owner or operator shall use
the best available method; and
(iii) Maintain at the facility for at least three years records to
document compliance with the provisions of this paragraph including
limits on levels of toxic organic constituents and Btu value of the
waste, and levels of recoverable metals in the hazardous waste compared
to normal nonhazardous waste feedstocks.
(2) A hazardous waste meeting either of the following criteria is
not processed solely for metal recovery:
(i) The hazardous waste has a total concentration of organic
compounds listed in part 261, appendix VIII, of this chapter exceeding
500 ppm by weight, as-fired, and so is considered to be burned for
destruction. The concentration of organic compounds in a waste as-
generated may be reduced to the 500 ppm limit by bona fide treatment
that removes or destroys organic constituents. Blending for dilution to
meet the 500 ppm limit is prohibited and documentation that the waste
has not been impermissibly diluted must be retained in the records
required by paragraph (c)(1)(iii) of this section; or
(ii) The hazardous waste has a heating value of 5,000 Btu/lb or
more, as-fired, and so is considered to be burned as fuel. The heating
value of a waste
[[Page 11]]
as-generated may be reduced to below the 5,000 Btu/lb limit by bona fide
treatment that removes or destroys organic constituents. Blending for
dilution to meet the 5,000 Btu/lb limit is prohibited and documentation
that the waste has not been impermissibly diluted must be retained in
the records required by paragraph (c)(1)(iii) of this section.
(3) To be exempt from Secs. 266.102 through 266.111, an owner or
operator of a lead or nickel-chromium or mercury recovery furnace,
except for owners or operators of lead recovery furnaces subject to
regulation under the Secondary Lead Smelting NESHAP,
(i) The hazardous wastes listed in appendices XI, XII, and XIII,
part 266, and baghouse bags used to capture metallic dusts emitted by
steel manufacturing are exempt from the requirements of paragraph (c)(1)
of this section, provided that:
(A) A waste listed in appendix IX of this part must contain
recoverable levels of lead, a waste listed in appendix XII of this part
must contain recoverable levels of nickel or chromium, a waste listed in
appendix XIII of this part must contain recoverable levels of mercury
and contain less than 500 ppm of 40 CFR part 261, appendix VIII organic
constituents, and baghouse bags used to capture metallic dusts emitted
by steel manufacturing must contain recoverable levels of metal; and
(B) The waste does not exhibit the Toxicity Characteristic of
Sec. 261.24 of this chapter for an organic constituent; and
(C) The waste is not a hazardous waste listed in subpart D of part
261 of this chapter because it is listed for an organic constituent as
identified in appendix VII of part 261 of this chapter; and
(D) The owner or operator certifies in the one-time notice that
hazardous waste is burned under the provisions of paragraph (c)(3) of
this section and that sampling and analysis will be conducted or other
information will be obtained as necessary to ensure continued compliance
with these requirements. Sampling and analysis shall be conducted
according to paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of this section and records to
document compliance with paragraph (c)(3) of this section shall be kept
for at least three years.
(ii) The Director may decide on a case-by-case basis that the toxic
organic constituents in a material listed in appendix XI, XII, or XIII
of this part that contains a total concentration of more than 500 ppm
toxic organic compounds listed in appendix VIII, part 261 of this
chapter, may pose a hazard to human health and the environment when
burned in a metal recovery furnace exempt from the requirements of this
subpart. In that situation, after adequate notice and opportunity for
comment, the metal recovery furnace will become subject to the
requirements of this subpart when burning that material. In making the
hazard determination, the Director will consider the following factors:
(A) The concentration and toxicity of organic constituents in the
material; and
(B) The level of destruction of toxic organic constituents provided
by the furnace; and
(C) Whether the acceptable ambient levels established in appendices
IV or V of this part may be exceeded for any toxic organic compound that
may be emitted based on dispersion modeling to predict the maximum
annual average off-site ground level concentration.
(e) The standards for direct transfer operations under Sec. 266.111
apply only to facilities subject to the permit standards of Sec. 266.102
or the interim status standards of Sec. 266.103.
(f) The management standards for residues under Sec. 266.112 apply
to any boiler or industrial furnace burning hazardous waste.
(g) Owners and operators of smelting, melting, and refining furnaces
(including pyrometallurgical devices such as cupolas, sintering
machines, roasters, and foundry furnaces) that process hazardous waste
for recovery of economically significant amounts of the precious metals
gold, silver, platinum, paladium, irridium, osmium, rhodium, or
ruthenium, or any combination of these are conditionally exempt from
regulation under this subpart, except for Sec. 266.112. To be exempt
from Secs. 266.101 through 266.111, an owner or operator must:
[[Page 12]]
(1) Provide a one-time written notice to the Director indicating the
following:
(i) The owner or operator claims exemption under this paragraph;
(ii) The hazardous waste is burned for legitimate recovery of
precious metal; and
(iii) The owner or operator will comply with the sampling and
analysis and recordkeeping requirements of this paragraph; and
(2) Sample and analyze the hazardous waste as necessary to document
that the waste is burned for recovery of economically significant
amounts of precious metal using procedures specified by Test Methods for
Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods, SW-846, incorporated
by reference in Sec. 260.11 of this chapter or alternative methods that
meet or exceed the SW-846 method performance capabilities. If SW-846
does not prescribe a method for a particular determination, the owner or
operator shall use the best available method; and
(3) Maintain at the facility for at least three years records to
document that all hazardous wastes burned are burned for recovery of
economically significant amounts of precious metal.
(h) Starting June 23, 1997, owners or operators of lead recovery
furnaces that process hazardous waste for recovery of lead and that are
subject to regulation under the Secondary Lead Smelting NESHAP, are
conditionally exempt from regulation under this subpart, except for
Sec. 266.101. To be exempt, an owner or operator must provide a one-time
notice to the Director identifying each hazardous waste burned and
specifying that the owner or operator claims an exemption under this
paragraph. The notice also must state that the waste burned has a total
concentration of non-metal compounds listed in part 261, appendix VIII,
of this chapter of less than 500 ppm by weight, as fired and as provided
in paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section, or is listed in appendix XI to
this part 266.
[56 FR 7208, Feb. 21, 1991; 56 FR 32688, July 17, 1991, as amended at 56
FR 42513, Aug. 27, 1991; 56 FR 43877, Sept. 5, 1991; 57 FR 27888, June
22, 1992; 57 FR 38564, Aug. 25, 1992; 57 FR 41612, Sept. 10, 1992; 59 FR
38545, July 28, 1994; 59 FR 48042, Sept. 19, 1994; 63 FR 42186, Aug. 6,
1998; 64 FR 53075, Sept. 30, 1999]
Sec. 266.101 Management prior to burning.
(a) Generators. Generators of hazardous waste that is burned in a
boiler or industrial furnace are subject to part 262 of this chapter.
(b) Transporters. Transporters of hazardous waste that is burned in
a boiler or industrial furnace are subject to part 263 of this chapter.
(c) Storage and treatment facilities. (1) Owners and operators of
facilities that store or treat hazardous waste that is burned in a
boiler or industrial furnace are subject to the applicable provisions of
parts 264, 265, and 270 of this chapter, except as provided by paragraph
(c)(2) of this section. These standards apply to storage and treatment
by the burner as well as to storage and treatment facilities operated by
intermediaries (processors, blenders, distributors, etc.) between the
generator and the burner.
(2) Owners and operators of facilities that burn, in an onsite
boiler or industrial furnace exempt from regulation under the small
quantity burner provisions of Sec. 266.108, hazardous waste that they
generate are exempt from the regulations of parts 264, 265, and 270 of
this chapter applicable to storage units for those storage units that
store mixtures of hazardous waste and the primary fuel to the boiler or
industrial furnace in tanks that feed the fuel mixture directly to the
burner. Storage of hazardous waste prior to mixing with the primary fuel
is subject to regulation as prescribed in paragraph (c)(1) of this
section.
[56 FR 7208, Feb. 21, 1991, as amended at 57 FR 38564, Aug. 25, 1992; 64
FR 53075, Sept. 30, 1999]
[[Page 13]]
Sec. 266.102 Permit standards for burners.
(a) Applicability--(1) General. Owners and operators of boilers and
industrial furnaces burning hazardous waste and not operating under
interim status must comply with the requirements of this section and
Secs. 270.22 and 270.66 of this chapter, unless exempt under the small
quantity burner exemption of Sec. 266.108.
(2) Applicability of part 264 standards. Owners and operators of
boilers and industrial furnaces that burn hazardous waste are subject to
the following provisions of part 264 of this chapter, except as provided
otherwise by this subpart:
(i) In subpart A (General), 264.4;
(ii) In subpart B (General facility standards), Secs. 264.11-264.18;
(iii) In subpart C (Preparedness and prevention), Secs. 264.31-
264.37;
(iv) In subpart D (Contingency plan and emergency procedures),
Secs. 264.51-264.56;
(v) In subpart E (Manifest system, recordkeeping, and reporting),
the applicable provisions of Secs. 264.71-264.77;
(vi) In subpart F (Corrective Action), Secs. 264.90 and 264.101;
(vii) In subpart G (Closure and post-closure), Secs. 264.111-
264.115;
(viii) In subpart H (Financial requirements), Secs. 264.141,
264.142, 264.143, and 264.147-264.151, except that States and the
Federal government are exempt from the requirements of subpart H; and
(ix) Subpart BB (Air emission standards for equipment leaks), except
Secs. 264.1050(a).
(b) Hazardous waste analysis. (1) The owner or operator must provide
an analysis of the hazardous waste that quantifies the concentration of
any constituent identified in appendix VIII of part 261 of this chapter
that may reasonably be expected to be in the waste. Such constituents
must be identified and quantified if present, at levels detectable by
analytical procedures prescribed by Test Methods for Evaluating Solid
Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods (incorporated by reference, see
Sec. 260.11 of this chapter). Alternative methods that meet or exceed
the method performance capabilities of SW-846 methods may be used. If
SW-846 does not prescribe a method for a particular determination, the
owner or operator shall use the best available method. The appendix
VIII, part 261 constituents excluded from this analysis must be
identified and the basis for their exclusion explained. This analysis
will be used to provide all information required by this subpart and
Sec. 270.22 and Sec. 270.66 of this chapter and to enable the permit
writer to prescribe such permit conditions as necessary to protect human
health and the environment. Such analysis must be included as a portion
of the part B permit application, or, for facilities operating under the
interim status standards of this subpart, as a portion of the trial burn
plan that may be submitted before the part B application under
provisions of Sec. 270.66(g) of this chapter as well as any other
analysis required by the permit authority in preparing the permit.
Owners and operators of boilers and industrial furnaces not operating
under the interim status standards must provide the information required
by Secs. 270.22 or 270.66(c) of this chapter in the part B application
to the greatest extent possible.
(2) Throughout normal operation, the owner or operator must conduct
sampling and analysis as necessary to ensure that the hazardous waste,
other fuels, and industrial furnace feedstocks fired into the boiler or
industrial furnace are within the physical and chemical composition
limits specified in the permit.
(c) Emissions standards. Owners and operators must comply with
emissions standards provided by Secs. 266.104 through 266.107.
(d) Permits. (1) The owner or operator may burn only hazardous
wastes specified in the facility permit and only under the operating
conditions specified under paragraph (e) of this section, except in
approved trial burns under the conditions specified in Sec. 270.66 of
this chapter.
(2) Hazardous wastes not specified in the permit may not be burned
until operating conditions have been specified under a new permit or
permit modification, as applicable. Operating requirements for new
wastes may be based on either trial burn results or alternative data
included with part B of
[[Page 14]]
a permit application under Sec. 270.22 of this chapter.
(3) Boilers and industrial furnaces operating under the interim
status standards of Sec. 266.103 are permitted under procedures provided
by Sec. 270.66(g) of this chapter.
(4) A permit for a new boiler or industrial furnace (those boilers
and industrial furnaces not operating under the interim status
standards) must establish appropriate conditions for each of the
applicable requirements of this section, including but not limited to
allowable hazardous waste firing rates and operating conditions
necessary to meet the requirements of paragraph (e) of this section, in
order to comply with the following standards:
(i) For the period beginning with initial introduction of hazardous
waste and ending with initiation of the trial burn, and only for the
minimum time required to bring the device to a point of operational
readiness to conduct a trial burn, not to exceed a duration of 720 hours
operating time when burning hazardous waste, the operating requirements
must be those most likely to ensure compliance with the emission
standards of Secs. 266.104 through 266.107, based on the Director's
engineering judgment. If the applicant is seeking a waiver from a trial
burn to demonstrate conformance with a particular emission standard, the
operating requirements during this initial period of operation shall
include those specified by the applicable provisions of Sec. 266.104,
Sec. 266.105, Sec. 266.106, or Sec. 266.107. The Director may extend the
duration of this period for up to 720 additional hours when good cause
for the extension is demonstrated by the applicant.
(ii) For the duration of the trial burn, the operating requirements
must be sufficient to demonstrate compliance with the emissions
standards of Secs. 266.104 through 266.107 and must be in accordance
with the approved trial burn plan;
(iii) For the period immediately following completion of the trial
burn, and only for the minimum period sufficient to allow sample
analysis, data computation, submission of the trial burn results by the
applicant, review of the trial burn results and modification of the
facility permit by the Director to reflect the trial burn results, the
operating requirements must be those most likely to ensure compliance
with the emission standards Secs. 266.104 through 266.107 based on the
Director's engineering judgment.
(iv) For the remaining duration of the permit, the operating
requirements must be those demonstrated in a trial burn or by
alternative data specified in Sec. 270.22 of this chapter, as sufficient
to ensure compliance with the emissions standards of Secs. 266.104
through 266.107.
(e) Operating requirements--(1) General. A boiler or industrial
furnace burning hazardous waste must be operated in accordance with the
operating requirements specified in the permit at all times where there
is hazardous waste in the unit.
(2) Requirements to ensure compliance with the organic emissions
standards--(i) DRE standard. Operating conditions will be specified
either on a case-by-case basis for each hazardous waste burned as those
demonstrated (in a trial burn or by alternative data as specified in
Sec. 270.22) to be sufficient to comply with the destruction and removal
efficiency (DRE) performance standard of Sec. 266.104(a) or as those
special operating requirements provided by Sec. 266.104(a)(4) for the
waiver of the DRE trial burn. When the DRE trial burn is not waived
under Sec. 266.104(a)(4), each set of operating requirements will
specify the composition of the hazardous waste (including acceptable
variations in the physical and chemical properties of the hazardous
waste which will not affect compliance with the DRE performance
standard) to which the operating requirements apply. For each such
hazardous waste, the permit will specify acceptable operating limits
including, but not limited to, the following conditions as appropriate:
(A) Feed rate of hazardous waste and other fuels measured and
specified as prescribed in paragraph (e)(6) of this section;
(B) Minimum and maximum device production rate when producing normal
product expressed in appropriate units, measured and specified as
prescribed in paragraph (e)(6) of this section;
[[Page 15]]
(C) Appropriate controls of the hazardous waste firing system;
(D) Allowable variation in boiler and industrial furnace system
design or operating procedures;
(E) Minimum combustion gas temperature measured at a location
indicative of combustion chamber temperature, measured and specified as
prescribed in paragraph (e)(6) of this section;
(F) An appropriate indicator of combustion gas velocity, measured
and specified as prescribed in paragraph (e)(6) of this section, unless
documentation is provided under Sec. 270.66 of this chapter
demonstrating adequate combustion gas residence time; and
(G) Such other operating requirements as are necessary to ensure
that the DRE performance standard of Sec. 266.104(a) is met.
(ii) Carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon standards. The permit must
incorporate a carbon monoxide (CO) limit and, as appropriate, a
hydrocarbon (HC) limit as provided by paragraphs (b), (c), (d), (e) and
(f) of Sec. 266.104. The permit limits will be specified as follows:
(A) When complying with the CO standard of Sec. 266.104(b)(1), the
permit limit is 100 ppmv;
(B) When complying with the alternative CO standard under
Sec. 266.104(c), the permit limit for CO is based on the trial burn and
is established as the average over all valid runs of the highest hourly
rolling average CO level of each run, and the permit limit for HC is 20
ppmv (as defined in Sec. 266.104(c)(1)), except as provided in
Sec. 266.104(f).
(C) When complying with the alternative HC limit for industrial
furnaces under Sec. 266.104(f), the permit limit for HC and CO is the
baseline level when hazardous waste is not burned as specified by that
paragraph.
(iii) Start-up and shut-down. During start-up and shut-down of the
boiler or industrial furnace, hazardous waste (except waste fed solely
as an ingredient under the Tier I (or adjusted Tier I) feed rate
screening limits for metals and chloride/chlorine, and except low risk
waste exempt from the trial burn requirements under Secs. 266.104(a)(5),
266.105, 266.106, and 266.107) must not be fed into the device unless
the device is operating within the conditions of operation specified in
the permit.
(3) Requirements to ensure conformance with the particulate
standard. (i) Except as provided in paragraphs (e)(3) (ii) and (iii) of
this section, the permit shall specify the following operating
requirements to ensure conformance with the particulate standard
specified in Sec. 266.105:
(A) Total ash feed rate to the device from hazardous waste, other
fuels, and industrial furnace feedstocks, measured and specified as
prescribed in paragraph (e)(6) of this section;
(B) Maximum device production rate when producing normal product
expressed in appropriate units, and measured and specified as prescribed
in paragraph (e)(6) of this section;
(C) Appropriate controls on operation and maintenance of the
hazardous waste firing system and any air pollution control system;
(D) Allowable variation in boiler and industrial furnace system
design including any air pollution control system or operating
procedures; and
(E) Such other operating requirements as are necessary to ensure
that the particulate standard in Sec. 266.111(b) is met.
(ii) Permit conditions to ensure conformance with the particulate
matter standard shall not be provided for facilities exempt from the
particulate matter standard under Sec. 266.105(b);
(iii) For cement kilns and light-weight aggregate kilns, permit
conditions to ensure compliance with the particulate standard shall not
limit the ash content of hazardous waste or other feed materials.
(4) Requirements to ensure conformance with the metals emissions
standard. (i) For conformance with the Tier I (or adjusted Tier I)
metals feed rate screening limits of paragraphs (b) or (e) of
Sec. 266.106, the permit shall specify the following operating
requirements:
(A) Total feed rate of each metal in hazardous waste, other fuels,
and industrial furnace feedstocks measured and specified under
provisions of paragraph (e)(6) of this section;
(B) Total feed rate of hazardous waste measured and specified as
prescribed in paragraph (e)(6) of this section;
[[Page 16]]
(C) A sampling and metals analysis program for the hazardous waste,
other fuels, and industrial furnace feedstocks;
(ii) For conformance with the Tier II metals emission rate screening
limits under Sec. 266.106(c) and the Tier III metals controls under
Sec. 266.106(d), the permit shall specify the following operating
requirements:
(A) Maximum emission rate for each metal specified as the average
emission rate during the trial burn;
(B) Feed rate of total hazardous waste and pumpable hazardous waste,
each measured and specified as prescribed in paragraph (e)(6)(i) of this
section;
(C) Feed rate of each metal in the following feedstreams, measured
and specified as prescribed in paragraphs (e)(6) of this section:
(1) Total feedstreams;
(2) Total hazardous waste feed; and
(3) Total pumpable hazardous waste feed;
(D) Total feed rate of chlorine and chloride in total feedstreams
measured and specified as prescribed in paragraph (e)(6) of this
section;
(E) Maximum combustion gas temperature measured at a location
indicative of combustion chamber temperature, and measured and specified
as prescribed in paragraph (e)(6) of this section;
(F) Maximum flue gas temperature at the inlet to the particulate
matter air pollution control system measured and specified as prescribed
in paragraph (e)(6) of this section;
(G) Maximum device production rate when producing normal product
expressed in appropriate units and measured and specified as prescribed
in paragraph (e)(6) of this section;
(H) Appropriate controls on operation and maintenance of the
hazardous waste firing system and any air pollution control system;
(I) Allowable variation in boiler and industrial furnace system
design including any air pollution control system or operating
procedures; and
(J) Such other operating requirements as are necessary to ensure
that the metals standards under Secs. 266.106(c) or 266.106(d) are met.
(iii) For conformance with an alternative implementation approach
approved by the Director under Sec. 266.106(f), the permit will specify
the following operating requirements:
(A) Maximum emission rate for each metal specified as the average
emission rate during the trial burn;
(B) Feed rate of total hazardous waste and pumpable hazardous waste,
each measured and specified as prescribed in paragraph (e)(6)(i) of this
section;
(C) Feed rate of each metal in the following feedstreams, measured
and specified as prescribed in paragraph (e)(6) of this section:
(1) Total hazardous waste feed; and
(2) Total pumpable hazardous waste feed;
(D) Total feed rate of chlorine and chloride in total feedstreams
measured and specified prescribed in paragraph (e)(6) of this section;
(E) Maximum combustion gas temperature measured at a location
indicative of combustion chamber temperature, and measured and specified
as prescribed in paragraph (e)(6) of this section;
(F) Maximum flue gas temperature at the inlet to the particulate
matter air pollution control system measured and specified as prescribed
in paragraph (e)(6) of this section;
(G) Maximum device production rate when producing normal product
expressed in appropriate units and measured and specified as prescribed
in paragraph (e)(6) of this section;
(H) Appropriate controls on operation and maintenance of the
hazardous waste firing system and any air pollution control system;
(I) Allowable variation in boiler and industrial furnace system
design including any air pollution control system or operating
procedures; and
(J) Such other operating requirements as are necessary to ensure
that the metals standards under Secs. 266.106(c) or 266.106(d) are met.
(5) Requirements to ensure conformance with the hydrogen chloride
and chlorine gas standards. (i) For conformance with the Tier I total
chloride and chlorine feed rate screening limits of Sec. 266.107(b)(1),
the permit will specify the following operating requirements:
[[Page 17]]
(A) Feed rate of total chloride and chlorine in hazardous waste,
other fuels, and industrial furnace feedstocks measured and specified as
prescribed in paragraph (e)(6) of this section;
(B) Feed rate of total hazardous waste measured and specified as
prescribed in paragraph (e)(6) of this section;
(C) A sampling and analysis program for total chloride and chorline
for the hazardous waste, other fuels, and industrial furnace feestocks;
(ii) For conformance with the Tier II HCl and Cl2
emission rate screening limits under Sec. 266.107(b)(2) and the Tier III
HCl and Cl2 controls under Sec. 266.107(c), the permit will
specify the following operating requirements:
(A ) Maximum emission rate for HCl and for Cl2 specified
as the average emission rate during the trial burn;
(B) Feed rate of total hazardous waste measured and specified as
prescribed in paragraph (e)(6) of this section;
(C) Total feed rate of chlorine and chloride in total feedstreams,
measured and specified as prescribed in paragraph (e)(6) of this
section;
(D) Maximum device production rate when producing normal product
expressed in appropriate units, measured and specified as prescribed in
paragraph (e)(6) of this section;
(E) Appropriate controls on operation and maintenance of the
hazardous waste firing system and any air pollution control system;
(F) Allowable variation in boiler and industrial furnace system
design including any air pollution control system or operating
procedures; and
(G) Such other operating requirements as are necessary to ensure
that the HCl and Cl2 standards under Sec. 266.107 (b)(2) or
(c) are met.
(6) Measuring parameters and establishing limits based on trial burn
data--(i) General requirements. As specified in paragraphs (e)(2)
through (e)(5) of this section, each operating parameter shall be
measured, and permit limits on the parameter shall be established,
according to either of the following procedures:
(A) Instantaneous limits. A parameter may be measured and recorded
on an instantaneous basis (i.e., the value that occurs at any time) and
the permit limit specified as the time-weighted average during all valid
runs of the trial burn; or
(B) Hourly rolling average. (1) The limit for a parameter may be
established and continuously monitored on an hourly rolling average
basis defined as follows:
(i) A continuous monitor is one which continuously samples the
regulated parameter without interruption, and evaluates the detector
response at least once each 15 seconds, and computes and records the
average value at least every 60 seconds.
(ii) An hourly rolling average is the arithmetic mean of the 60 most
recent 1-minute average values recorded by the continuous monitoring
system.
(2) The permit limit for the parameter shall be established based on
trial burn data as the average over all valid test runs of the highest
hourly rolling average value for each run.
(ii) Rolling average limits for carcinogenic metals and lead. Feed
rate limits for the carcinogenic metals (i.e., arsenic, beryllium,
cadmium and chromium) and lead may be established either on an hourly
rolling average basis as prescribed by paragraph (e)(6)(i) of this
section or on (up to) a 24 hour rolling average basis. If the owner or
operator elects to use an average period from 2 to 24 hours:
(A) The feed rate of each metal shall be limited at any time to ten
times the feed rate that would be allowed on an hourly rolling average
basis;
(B) The continuous monitor shall meet the following specifications:
(1) A continuous monitor is one which continuously samples the
regulated parameter without interruption, and evaluates the detector
response at least once each 15 seconds, and computes and records the
average value at least every 60 seconds.
(2) The rolling average for the selected averaging period is defined
as the arithmetic mean of one hour block averages for the averaging
period. A one hour block average is the arithmetic mean of the one
minute averages recorded during the 60-minute period beginning at one
minute after the beginning of preceding clock hour; and
[[Page 18]]
(C) The permit limit for the feed rate of each metal shall be
established based on trial burn data as the average over all valid test
runs of the highest hourly rolling average feed rate for each run.
(iii) Feed rate limits for metals, total chloride and chlorine, and
ash. Feed rate limits for metals, total chlorine and chloride, and ash
are established and monitored by knowing the concentration of the
substance (i.e., metals, chloride/chlorine, and ash) in each feedstream
and the flow rate of the feedstream. To monitor the feed rate of these
substances, the flow rate of each feedstream must be monitored under the
continuous monitoring requirements of paragraphs (e)(6) (i) and (ii) of
this section.
(iv) Conduct of trial burn testing. (A) If compliance with all
applicable emissions standards of Secs. 266.104 through 266.107 is not
demonstrated simultaneously during a set of test runs, the operating
conditions of additional test runs required to demonstrate compliance
with remaining emissions standards must be as close as possible to the
original operating conditions.
(B) Prior to obtaining test data for purposes of demonstrating
compliance with the emissions standards of Secs. 266.104 through 266.107
or establishing limits on operating parameters under this section, the
facility must operate under trial burn conditions for a sufficient
period to reach steady-state operations. The Director may determine,
however, that industrial furnaces that recycle collected particulate
matter back into the furnace and that comply with an alternative
implementation approach for metals under Sec. 266.106(f) need not reach
steady state conditions with respect to the flow of metals in the system
prior to beginning compliance testing for metals emissions.
(C) Trial burn data on the level of an operating parameter for which
a limit must be established in the permit must be obtained during
emissions sampling for the pollutant(s) (i.e., metals, PM, HCl/
Cl2, organic compounds) for which the parameter must be
established as specified by paragraph (e) of this section.
(7) General requirements--(i) Fugitive emissions. Fugitive emissions
must be controlled by:
(A) Keeping the combustion zone totally sealed against fugitive
emissions; or
(B) Maintaining the combustion zone pressure lower than atmospheric
pressure; or
(C) An alternate means of control demonstrated (with part B of the
permit application) to provide fugitive emissions control equivalent to
maintenance of combustion zone pressure lower than atmospheric pressure.
(ii) Automatic waste feed cutoff. A boiler or industrial furnace
must be operated with a functioning system that automatically cuts off
the hazardous waste feed when operating conditions deviate from those
established under this section. The Director may limit the number of
cutoffs per an operating period on a case-by-case basis. In addition:
(A) The permit limit for (the indicator of) minimum combustion
chamber temperature must be maintained while hazardous waste or
hazardous waste residues remain in the combustion chamber,
(B) Exhaust gases must be ducted to the air pollution control system
operated in accordance with the permit requirements while hazardous
waste or hazardous waste residues remain in the combustion chamber; and
(C) Operating parameters for which permit limits are established
must continue to be monitored during the cutoff, and the hazardous waste
feed shall not be restarted until the levels of those parameters comply
with the permit limits. For parameters that may be monitored on an
instantaneous basis, the Director will establish a minimum period of
time after a waste feed cutoff during which the parameter must not
exceed the permit limit before the hazardous waste feed may be
restarted.
(iii) Changes. A boiler or industrial furnace must cease burning
hazardous waste when changes in combustion properties, or feed rates of
the hazardous waste, other fuels, or industrial furnace feedstocks, or
changes in the boiler or industrial furnace design or
[[Page 19]]
operating conditions deviate from the limits as specified in the permit.
(8) Monitoring and Inspections. (i) The owner or operator must
monitor and record the following, at a minimum, while burning hazardous
waste:
(A) If specified by the permit, feed rates and composition of
hazardous waste, other fuels, and industrial furnace feedstocks, and
feed rates of ash, metals, and total chloride and chlorine;
(B) If specified by the permit, carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons
(HC), and oxygen on a continuous basis at a common point in the boiler
or industrial furnace downstream of the combustion zone and prior to
release of stack gases to the atmosphere in accordance with operating
requirements specified in paragraph (e)(2)(ii) of this section. CO, HC,
and oxygen monitors must be installed, operated, and maintained in
accordance with methods specified in appendix IX of this part.
(C) Upon the request of the Director, sampling and analysis of the
hazardous waste (and other fuels and industrial furnace feedstocks as
appropriate), residues, and exhaust emissions must be conducted to
verify that the operating requirements established in the permit achieve
the applicable standards of Secs. 266.104, 266.105, 266.106, and
266.107.
(ii) All monitors shall record data in units corresponding to the
permit limit unless otherwise specified in the permit.
(iii) The boiler or industrial furnace and associated equipment
(pumps, values, pipes, fuel storage tanks, etc.) must be subjected to
thorough visual inspection when it contains hazardous waste, at least
daily for leaks, spills, fugitive emissions, and signs of tampering.
(iv) The automatic hazardous waste feed cutoff system and associated
alarms must be tested at least once every 7 days when hazardous waste is
burned to verify operability, unless the applicant demonstrates to the
Director that weekly inspections will unduly restrict or upset
operations and that less frequent inspections will be adequate. At a
minimum, operational testing must be conducted at least once every 30
days.
(v) These monitoring and inspection data must be recorded and the
records must be placed in the operating record required by Sec. 264.73
of this chapter.
(9) Direct transfer to the burner. If hazardous waste is directly
transferred from a transport vehicle to a boiler or industrial furnace
without the use of a storage unit, the owner and operator must comply
with Sec. 266.111.
(10) Recordkeeping. The owner or operator must keep in the operating
record of the facility all information and data required by this section
until closure of the facility.
(11) Closure. At closure, the owner or operator must remove all
hazardous waste and hazardous waste residues (including, but not limited
to, ash, scrubber waters, and scrubber sludges) from the boiler or
industrial furnace.
[56 FR 7208, Feb. 21, 1991; 56 FR 32688, July 17, 1991, as amended at 56
FR 42512, 42514, Aug. 27, 1991]
Sec. 266.103 Interim status standards for burners.
(a) Purpose, scope, applicability--(1) General. (i) The purpose of
this section is to establish minimum national standards for owners and
operators of ``existing'' boilers and industrial furnaces that burn
hazardous waste where such standards define the acceptable management of
hazardous waste during the period of interim status. The standards of
this section apply to owners and operators of existing facilities until
either a permit is issued under Sec. 266.102(d) or until closure
responsibilities identified in this section are fulfilled.
(ii) Existing or in existence means a boiler or industrial furnace
that on or before August 21, 1991 is either in operation burning or
processing hazardous waste or for which construction (including the
ancillary facilities to burn or to process the hazardous waste) has
commenced. A facility has commenced construction if the owner or
operator has obtained the Federal, State, and local approvals or permits
necessary to begin physical construction; and either:
(A) A continuous on-site, physical construction program has begun;
or
(B) The owner or operator has entered into contractual obligations--
which cannot be canceled or modified without substantial loss--for
physical
[[Page 20]]
construction of the facility to be completed within a reasonable time.
(iii) If a boiler or industrial furnace is located at a facility
that already has a permit or interim status, then the facility must
comply with the applicable regulations dealing with permit modifications
in Sec. 270.42 or changes in interim status in Sec. 270.72 of this
chapter.
(2) Exemptions. The requirements of this section do not apply to
hazardous waste and facilities exempt under Secs. 266.100(b), or
266.108.
(3) Prohibition on burning dioxin-listed wastes. The following
hazardous waste listed for dioxin and hazardous waste derived from any
of these wastes may not be burned in a boiler or industrial furnace
operating under interim status: F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, and F027.
(4) Applicability of part 265 standards. Owners and operators of
boilers and industrial furnaces that burn hazardous waste and are
operating under interim status are subject to the following provisions
of part 265 of this chapter, except as provided otherwise by this
section:
(i) In subpart A (General), Sec. 265.4;
(ii) In subpart B (General facility standards), Secs. 265.11-265.17;
(iii) In subpart C (Preparedness and prevention), Secs. 265.31-
265.37;
(iv) In subpart D (Contingency plan and emergency procedures),
Secs. 265.51-265.56;
(v) In subpart E (Manifest system, recordkeeping, and reporting),
Secs. 265.71-265.77, except that Secs. 265.71, 265.72, and 265.76 do not
apply to owners and operators of on-site facilities that do not receive
any hazardous waste from off-site sources;
(vi) In subpart G (Closure and post-closure), Secs. 265.111-265.115;
(vii) In subpart H (Financial requirements), Secs. 265.141, 265.142,
265.143, and 265.147-265.151, except that States and the Federal
government are exempt from the requirements of subpart H; and
(viii) Subpart BB (Air emission standards for equipment leaks),
except Sec. 265.1050(a).
(5) Special requirements for furnaces. The following controls apply
during interim status to industrial furnaces (e.g., kilns, cupolas) that
feed hazardous waste for a purpose other than solely as an ingredient
(see paragraph (a)(5)(ii) of this section) at any location other than
the hot end where products are normally discharged or where fuels are
normally fired:
(i) Controls. (A) The hazardous waste shall be fed at a location
where combustion gas temperatures are at least 1800 deg.F;
(B) The owner or operator must determine that adequate oxygen is
present in combustion gases to combust organic constituents in the waste
and retain documentation of such determination in the facility record;
(C) For cement kiln systems, the hazardous waste shall be fed into
the kiln; and
(D) The hydrocarbon controls of Sec. 266.104(c) or paragraph (c)(5)
of this section apply upon certification of compliance under paragraph
(c) of this section irrespective of the CO level achieved during the
compliance test.
(ii) Burning hazardous waste solely as an ingredient. A hazardous
waste is burned for a purpose other than solely as an ingredient if it
meets either of these criteria:
(A) The hazardous waste has a total concentration of nonmetal
compounds listed in part 261, appendix VIII, of this chapter exceeding
500 ppm by weight, as-fired, and so is considered to be burned for
destruction. The concentration of nonmetal compounds in a waste as-
generated may be reduced to the 500 ppm limit by bona fide treatment
that removes or destroys nonmetal constituents. Blending for dilution to
meet the 500 ppm limit is prohibited and documentation that the waste
has not been impermissibly diluted must be retained in the facility
record; or
(B) The hazardous waste has a heating value of 5,000 Btu/lb or more,
as-fired, and so is considered to be burned as fuel. The heating value
of a waste as-generated may be reduced to below the 5,000 Btu/lb limit
by bona fide treatment that removes or destroys organic constituents.
Blending to augment the heating value to meet the 5,000 Btu/lb limit is
prohibited and documentation that the waste has not been impermissibly
blended must be retained in the facility record.
[[Page 21]]
(6) Restrictions on burning hazardous waste that is not a fuel.
Prior to certification of compliance under paragraph (c) of this
section, owners and operators shall not feed hazardous waste that has a
heating value less than 5,000 Btu/lb, as-generated, (except that the
heating value of a waste as-generated may be increased to above the
5,000 Btu/lb limit by bona fide treatment; however, blending to augment
the heating value to meet the 5,000 Btu/lb limit is prohibited and
records must be kept to document that impermissible blending has not
occurred) in a boiler or industrial furnace, except that:
(i) Hazardous waste may be burned solely as an ingredient; or
(ii) Hazardous waste may be burned for purposes of compliance
testing (or testing prior to compliance testing) for a total period of
time not to exceed 720 hours; or
(iii) Such waste may be burned if the Director has documentation to
show that, prior to August 21, 1991:
(A) The boiler or industrial furnace is operating under the interim
status standards for incinerators provided by subpart O of part 265 of
this chapter, or the interim status standards for thermal treatment
units provided by subpart P of part 265 of this chapter; and
(B) The boiler or industrial furnace met the interim status
eligibility requirements under Sec. 270.70 of this chapter for subpart O
or subpart P of part 265 of this chapter; and
(C) Hazardous waste with a heating value less than 5,000 Btu/lb was
burned prior to that date; or
(iv) Such waste may be burned in a halogen acid furnace if the waste
was burned as an excluded ingredient under Sec. 261.2(e) of this chapter
prior to February 21, 1991 and documentation is kept on file supporting
this claim.
(7) Direct transfer to the burner. If hazardous waste is directly
transferred from a transport vehicle to a boiler or industrial furnace
without the use of a storage unit, the owner and operator must comply
with Sec. 266.111.
(b) Certification of precompliance--(1) General. The owner or
operator must provide complete and accurate information specified in
paragraph (b)(2) of this section to the Director on or before August 21,
1991, and must establish limits for the operating parameters specified
in paragraph (b)(3) of this section. Such information is termed a
``certification of precompliance'' and constitutes a certification that
the owner or operator has determined that, when the facility is operated
within the limits specified in paragraph (b)(3) of this section, the
owner or operator believes that, using best engineering judgment,
emissions of particulate matter, metals, and HCl and Cl2 are
not likely to exceed the limits provided by Secs. 266.105, 266.106, and
266.107. The facility may burn hazardous waste only under the operating
conditions that the owner or operator establishes under paragraph (b)(3)
of this section until the owner or operator submits a revised
certification of precompliance under paragraph (b)(8) of this section or
a certification of compliance under paragraph (c) of this section, or
until a permit is issued.
(2) Information required. The following information must be
submitted with the certification of precompliance to support the
determination that the limits established for the operating parameters
identified in paragraph (b)(3) of this section are not likely to result
in an exceedance of the allowable emission rates for particulate matter,
metals, and HCl and Cl2:
(i) General facility information:
(A) EPA facility ID number;
(B) Facility name, contact person, telephone number, and address;
(C) Description of boilers and industrial furnaces burning hazardous
waste, including type and capacity of device;
(D) A scaled plot plan showing the entire facility and location of
the boilers and industrial furnaces burning hazardous waste; and
(E) A description of the air pollution control system on each device
burning hazardous waste, including the temperature of the flue gas at
the inlet to the particulate matter control system.
(ii) Except for facilities complying with the Tier I or Adjusted
Tier I feed rate screening limits for metals or total chlorine and
chloride provided by Secs. 266.106 (b) or (e) and 266.107 (b)(1) or (e),
respectively, the estimated uncontrolled (at the inlet to the air
pollution control system) emissions of particulate matter, each metal
controlled by
[[Page 22]]
Sec. 266.106, and hydrogen chloride and chlorine, and the following
information to support such determinations:
(A) The feed rate (lb/hr) of ash, chlorine, antimony, arsenic,
barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, silver, and
thallium in each feedstream (hazardous waste, other fuels, industrial
furnace feedstocks);
(B) The estimated partitioning factor to the combustion gas for the
materials identified in paragraph (b)(2)(ii)(A) of this section and the
basis for the estimate and an estimate of the partitioning to HCl and
Cl2 of total chloride and chlorine in feed materials. To
estimate the partitioning factor, the owner or operator must use either
best engineering judgment or the procedures specified in appendix IX of
this part.
(C) For industrial furnaces that recycle collected particulate
matter (PM) back into the furnace and that will certify compliance with
the metals emissions standards under paragraph (c)(3)(ii)(A), the
estimated enrichment factor for each metal. To estimate the enrichment
factor, the owner or operator must use either best engineering judgment
or the procedures specified in ``Alternative Methodology for
Implementing Metals Controls'' in appendix IX of this part.
(D) If best engineering judgment is used to estimate partitioning
factors or enrichment factors under paragraphs (b)(2)(ii)(B) or
(b)(2)(ii)(C) respectively, the basis for the judgment. When best
engineering judgment is used to develop or evaluate data or information
and make determinations under this section, the determinations must be
made by a qualified, registered professional engineer and a
certification of his/her determinations in accordance with
Sec. 270.11(d) of this chapter must be provided in the certification of
precompliance.
(iii) For facilities complying with the Tier I or Adjusted Tier I
feed rate screening limits for metals or total chlorine and chloride
provided by Secs. 266.106 (b) or (e) and 266.107 (b)(1) or (e), the feed
rate (lb/hr) of total chloride and chlorine, antimony, arsenic, barium,
beryllium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, silver, and thallium in
each feed stream (hazardous waste, other fuels, industrial furnace
feedstocks).
(iv) For facilities complying with the Tier II or Tier III emission
limits for metals or HCl and Cl2 (under Secs. 266.106 (c) or
(d) or 266.107(b)(2) or (c)), the estimated controlled (outlet of the
air pollution control system) emissions rates of particulate matter,
each metal controlled by Sec. 266.106, and HCl and Cl2, and
the following information to support such determinations:
(A) The estimated air pollution control system (APCS) removal
efficiency for particulate matter, HCl, Cl2, antimony,
arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, silver,
and thallium.
(B) To estimate APCS removal efficiency, the owner or operator must
use either best engineering judgment or the procedures prescribed in
appendix IX of this part.
(C) If best engineering judgment is used to estimate APCS removal
efficiency, the basis for the judgment. Use of best engineering judgment
must be in conformance with provisions of paragraph (b)(2)(ii)(D) of
this section.
(v) Determination of allowable emissions rates for HCl,
Cl2, antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium,
lead, mercury, silver, and thallium, and the following information to
support such determinations:
(A) For all facilities:
(1) Physical stack height;
(2) Good engineering practice stack height as defined by 40 CFR
51.100(ii);
(3) Maximum flue gas flow rate;
(4) Maximum flue gas temperature;
(5) Attach a US Geological Service topographic map (or equivalent)
showing the facility location and surrounding land within 5 km of the
facility;
(6) Identify terrain type: complex or noncomplex; and
(7) Identify land use: urban or rural.
(B) For owners and operators using Tier III site specific dispersion
modeling to determine allowable levels under Sec. 266.106(d) or
Sec. 266.107(c), or adjusted Tier I feed rate screening limits under
Secs. 266.106(e) or 266.107(e):
(1) Dispersion model and version used;
(2) Source of meterological data;
[[Page 23]]
(3) The dilution factor in micrograms per cubic meter per gram per
second of emissions for the maximum annual average off-site (unless on-
site is required) ground level concentration (MEI location); and
(4) Indicate the MEI location on the map required under paragraph
(b)(2)(v)(A)(5);
(vi) For facilities complying with the Tier II or III emissions rate
controls for metals or HCl and Cl2, a comparison of the
estimated controlled emissions rates determined under paragraph
(b)(2)(iv) with the allowable emission rates determined under paragraph
(b)(2)(v);
(vii) For facilities complying with the Tier I (or adjusted Tier I)
feed rate screening limits for metals or total chloride and chlorine, a
comparison of actual feed rates of each metal and total chlorine and
chloride determined under paragraph (b)(2)(iii) of this section to the
Tier I allowable feed rates; and
(viii) For industrial furnaces that feed hazardous waste for any
purpose other than solely as an ingredient (as defined by paragraph
(a)(5)(ii) of this section) at any location other than the product
discharge end of the device, documentation of compliance with the
requirements of paragraphs (a)(5)(i) (A), (B), and (C) of this section.
(ix) For industrial furnaces that recycle collected particulate
matter (PM) back into the furnace and that will certify compliance with
the metals emissions standards under paragraph (c)(3)(ii)(A) of this
section:
(A) The applicable particulate matter standard in lb/hr; and
(B) The precompliance limit on the concentration of each metal in
collected PM.
(3) Limits on operating conditions. The owner and operator shall
establish limits on the following parameters consistent with the
determinations made under paragraph (b)(2) of this section and certify
(under provisions of paragraph (b)(9) of this section) to the Director
that the facility will operate within the limits during interim status
when there is hazardous waste in the unit until revised certification of
precompliance under paragraph (b)(8) of this section or certification of
compliance under paragraph (c) of this section:
(i) Feed rate of total hazardous waste and (unless complying with
the Tier I or adjusted Tier I metals feed rate screening limits under
Sec. 266.106 (b) or (e)) pumpable hazardous waste;
(ii) Feed rate of each metal in the following feed streams:
(A) Total feed streams, except that industrial furnaces that comply
with the alternative metals implementation approach under paragraph
(b)(4) of this section must specify limits on the concentration of each
metal in collected particulate matter in lieu of feed rate limits for
total feedstreams;
(B) Total hazardous waste feed, unless complying with the Tier I or
Adjusted Tier I metals feed rate screening limits under Sec. 266.106 (b)
or (e); and
(C) Total pumpable hazardous waste feed, unless complying with the
Tier I or adjusted Tier I metals feed rate screening limits under
Sec. 266.106 (b) or (e);
(iii) Total feed rate of chlorine and chloride in total feed
streams;
(iv) Total feed rate of ash in total feed streams, except that the
ash feed rate for cement kilns and light-weight aggregate kilns is not
limited; and
(v) Maximum production rate of the device in appropriate units when
producing normal product, unless complying with the Tier I or Adjusted
Tier I feed rate screening limits for chlorine under Sec. 266.107 (b)(1)
or (e) and for all metals under Sec. 266.106 (b) or (e), and the
uncontrolled particulate emissions do not exceed the standard under
Sec. 266.105.
(4) Operating requirements for furnaces that recycle PM. Owners and
operators of furnaces that recycle collected particulate matter (PM)
back into the furnace and that will certify compliance with the metals
emissions controls under paragraph (c)(3)(ii)(A) of this section must
comply with the special operating requirements provided in ``Alternative
Methodology for Implementing Metals Controls'' in appendix IX of this
part.
(5) Measurement of feed rates and production rate--(i) General
requirements. Limits on each of the parameters specified in paragraph
(b)(3) of this section (except for limits on metals concentrations in
collected particulate matter
[[Page 24]]
(PM) for industrial furnaces that recycle collected PM) shall be
established and continuously monitored under either of the following
methods:
(A) Instantaneous limits. A limit for a parameter may be established
and continuously monitored and recorded on an instantaneous basis (i.e.,
the value that occurs at any time) not to be exceeded at any time; or
(B) Hourly rolling average limits. A limit for a parameter may be
established and continuously monitored on an hourly rolling average
basis defined as follows:
(1) A continuous monitor is one which continuously samples the
regulated parameter without interruption, and evaluates the detector
response at least once each 15 seconds, and computes and records the
average value at least every 60 seconds.
(2) An hourly rolling average is the arithmetic mean of the 60 most
recent 1-minute average values recorded by the continuous monitoring
system.
(ii) Rolling average limits for carcinogenic metals and lead. Feed
rate limits for the carcinogenic metals (arsenic, beryllium, cadmium,
and chromium) and lead may be established either on an hourly rolling
average basis as prescribed by paragraph (b)(5)(i)(B) or on (up to) a 24
hour rolling average basis. If the owner or operator elects to use an
averaging period from 2 to 24 hours:
(A) The feed rate of each metal shall be limited at any time to ten
times the feed rate that would be allowed on a hourly rolling average
basis;
(B) The continuous monitor shall meet the following specifications:
(1) A continuous monitor is one which continuously samples the
regulated parameter without interruption, and evaluates the detector
response at least once each 15 seconds, and computes and records the
average value at least every 60 seconds.
(2) The rolling average for the selected averaging period is defined
as the arithmetic mean of one hour block averages for the averaging
period. A one hour block average is the arithmetic mean of the one
minute averages recorded during the 60-minute period beginning at one
minute after the beginning of preceding clock hour.
(iii) Feed rate limits for metals, total chloride and chlorine, and
ash. Feed rate limits for metals, total chlorine and chloride, and ash
are established and monitored by knowing the concentration of the
substance (i.e., metals, chloride/chlorine, and ash) in each feedstream
and the flow rate of the feedstream. To monitor the feed rate of these
substances, the flow rate of each feedstream must be monitored under the
continuous monitoring requirements of paragraphs (b)(5) (i) and (ii) of
this section.
(6) Public notice requirements at precompliance. On or before August
21, 1991 the owner or operator must submit a notice with the following
information for publication in a major local newspaper of general
circulation and send a copy of the notice to the appropriate units of
State and local government. The owner and operator must provide to the
Director with the certification of precompliance evidence of submitting
the notice for publication. The notice, which shall be entitled ``Notice
of Certification of Precompliance with Hazardous Waste Burning
Requirements of 40 CFR 266.103(b)'', must include:
(i) Name and address of the owner and operator of the facility as
well as the location of the device burning hazardous waste;
(ii) Date that the certification of precompliance is submitted to
the Director;
(iii) Brief description of the regulatory process required to comply
with the interim status requirements of this section including required
emissions testing to demonstrate conformance with emissions standards
for organic compounds, particulate matter, metals, and HCl and
Cl2;
(iv) Types and quantities of hazardous waste burned including, but
not limited to, source, whether solids or liquids, as well as an
appropriate description of the waste;
(v) Type of device(s) in which the hazardous waste is burned
including a physical description and maximum production rate of each
device;
(vi) Types and quantities of other fuels and industrial furnace
feedstocks fed to each unit;
[[Page 25]]
(vii) Brief description of the basis for this certification of
precompliance as specified in paragraph (b)(2) of this section;
(viii) Locations where the record for the facility can be viewed and
copied by interested parties. These records and locations shall at a
minimum include:
(A) The administrative record kept by the Ageny office where the
supporting documentation was submitted or another location designated by
the Director; and
(B) The BIF correspondence file kept at the facility site where the
device is located. The correspondence file must include all
correspondence between the facility and the Director, State and local
regulatory officials, including copies of all certifications and
notifications, such as the precompliance certification, precompliance
public notice, notice of compliance testing, compliance test report,
compliance certification, time extension requests and approvals or
denials, enforcement notifications of violations, and copies of EPA and
State site visit reports submitted to the owner or operator.
(ix) Notification of the establishment of a facility mailing list
whereby interested parties shall notify the Agency that they wish to be
placed on the mailing list to receive future information and notices
about this facility; and
(x) Location (mailing address) of the applicable EPA Regional
Office, Hazardous Waste Division, where further information can be
obtained on EPA regulation of hazardous waste burning.
(7) Monitoring other operating parameters. When the monitoring
systems for the operating parameters listed in paragraphs (c)(1) (v
through xiii) of this section are installed and operating in conformance
with vendor specifications or (for CO, HC, and oxygen) specifications
provided by appendix IX of this part, as appropriate, the parameters
shall be continuously monitored and records shall be maintained in the
operating record.
(8) Revised certification of precompliance. The owner or operator
may revise at any time the information and operating conditions
documented under paragraphs (b)(2) and (b)(3) of this section in the
certification of precompliance by submitting a revised certification of
precompliance under procedures provided by those paragraphs.
(i) The public notice requirements of paragraph (b)(6) of this
section do not apply to recertifications.
(ii) The owner and operator must operate the facility within the
limits established for the operating parameters under paragraph (b)(3)
of this section until a revised certification is submitted under this
paragraph or a certification of compliance is submitted under paragraph
(c) of this section.
(9) Certification of precompliance statement. The owner or operator
must include the following signed statement with the certification of
precompliance submitted to the Director:
``I certify under penalty of law that this information was prepared
under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed
to ensure that qualified personnel properly gathered and evaluated the
information and supporting documentation. Copies of all emissions tests,
dispersion modeling results and other information used to determine
conformance with the requirements of Sec. 266.103(b) are available at
the facility and can be obtained from the facility contact person listed
above. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manages the
facility, or those persons directly responsible for gathering the
information, the information submitted is, to the best of my knowledge
and belief, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are
significant penalties for submitting false information, including the
possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations.
I also acknowledge that the operating limits established in this
certification pursuant to Sec. 266.103(b) (3) and (4) are enforceable
limits at which the facility can legally operate during interim status
until: (1) A revised certification of precompliance is submitted, (2) a
certification of compliance is submitted, or (3) an operating permit is
issued.''
(c) Certification of compliance. The owner or operator shall conduct
emissions testing to document compliance with the emissions standards of
Secs. 266.104 (b) through (e), 266.105, 266.106, 266.107, and paragraph
(a)(5)(i)(D) of this section, under the procedures prescribed by this
paragraph, except under extensions of time provided by paragraph (c)(7).
Based on the compliance test, the owner or operator shall submit to the
Director on or before August
[[Page 26]]
21, 1992 a complete and accurate ``certification of compliance'' (under
paragraph (c)(4) of this section) with those emission standards
establishing limits on the operating parameters specified in paragraph
(c)(1).
(1) Limits on operating conditions. The owner or operator shall
establish limits on the following parameters based on operations during
the compliance test (under procedures prescribed in paragraph (c)(4)(iv)
of this section) or as otherwise specified and include these limits with
the certification of compliance. The boiler or industrial furnace must
be operated in accordance with these operating limits and the applicable
emissions standards of Secs. 266.104(b) through (e), 266.105, 266.106,
266.107, and 266.103(a)(5)(i)(D) at all times when there is hazardous
waste in the unit.
(i) Feed rate of total hazardous waste and (unless complying with
the Tier I or adjusted Tier I metals feed rate screening limits under
Sec. 266.106(b) or (e) and the total chlorine and chloride feed rate
screening limits under Sec. 266.107(b) or (e)), pumpable hazardous
waste;
(ii) Feed rate of each metal in the following feedstreams:
(A) Total feedstreams, except that:
(1) Facilities that comply with Tier I or Adjusted Tier I metals
feed rate screening limits may set their operating limits at the metals
feed rate screening limits determined under Sec. 266.106(b) or (e); and
(2) Industrial furnaces that must comply with the alternative metals
implementation approach under paragraph (c)(3)(ii) of this section must
specify limits on the concentration of each metal in the collected
particulate matter in lieu of feed rate limits for total feedsteams;
(B) Total hazardous waste feed (unless complying with the Tier I or
Adjusted Tier I metals feed rate screening limits under Sec. 266.106(b)
or (e)); and
(C) Total pumpable hazardous waste feed (unless complying with the
Tier I or Adjusted Tier I metals feed rate screening limits under
Sec. 266.106(b) or (e));
(iii) Total feed rate of chlorine and chloride in total feed
streams, except that facilities that comply with Tier I or Adjusted Tier
I feed rate screening limits may set their operating limits at the total
chlorine and chloride feed rate screening limits determined under
Sec. 266.107(b)(1) or (e);
(iv) Total feed rate of ash in total feed streams, except that the
ash feed rate for cement kilns and light-weight aggregate kilns is not
limited;
(v) Carbon monoxide concentration, and where required, hydrocarbon
concentration in stack gas. When complying with the CO controls of
Sec. 266.104(b), the CO limit is 100 ppmv, and when complying with the
HC controls of Sec. 266.104(c), the HC limit is 20 ppmv. When complying
with the CO controls of Sec. 266.104(c), the CO limit is established
based on the compliance test;
(vi) Maximum production rate of the device in appropriate units when
producing normal product, unless complying with the Tier I or Adjusted
Tier I feed rate screening limits for chlorine under Sec. 266.107(b)(1)
or (e) and for all metals under Sec. 266.106(b) or (e), and the
uncontrolled particulate emissions do not exceed the standard under
Sec. 266.105;
(vii) Maximum combustion chamber temperature where the temperature
measurement is as close to the combustion zone as possible and is
upstream of any quench water injection (unless complying with the Tier I
or Adjusted Tier I metals feed rate screening limits under
Sec. 266.106(b) or (e));
(viii) Maximum flue gas temperature entering a particulate matter
control device (unless complying with Tier I or Adjusted Tier I metals
feed rate screening limits under Sec. 266.106(b) or (e) and the total
chlorine and chloride feed rate screening limits under Sec. 266.107(b)
or (e));
(ix) For systems using wet scrubbers, including wet ionizing
scrubbers (unless complying with Tier I or Adjusted Tier I metals feed
rate screening limits under Sec. 266.106(b)(1) or (e)):
(A) Minimum liquid to flue gas ration;
(B) Minimum scrubber blowdown from the system or maximum suspended
solids content of scrubber water; and
(C) Minimum pH level of the scrubber water;
(x) For systems using venturi scrubbers, the minimum differential
gas pressure across the venturi (unless
[[Page 27]]
complying with the Tier I or Adjusted Tier I metals feed rate screening
limits under Sec. 266.106(b) or (e) and the total chlorine and chloride
feed rate screening limits under Sec. 266.107(b)(1) or (e));
(xi) For systems using dry scrubbers (unless complying with the Tier
I or Adjusted Tier I metals feed rate screening limits under
Sec. 266.106(b) or (e) and the total chlorine and chloride feed rate
screening limits under Sec. 266.107(b)(1) or (e)):
(A) Minimum caustic feed rate; and
(B) Maximum flue gas flow rate;
(xii) For systems using wet ionizing scrubbers or electrostatic
precipitators (unless complying with the Tier I or Adjusted Tier I
metals feed rate screening limits under Sec. 266.106(b) or (e) and the
total chlorine and chloride feed rate screening limits under
Sec. 266.107(b)(1) or (e)):
(A) Minimum electrical power in kilovolt amperes (kVA) to the
precipitator plates; and
(B) Maximum flue gas flow rate;
(xiii) For systems using fabric filters (baghouses), the minimum
pressure drop (unless complying with the Tier I or Adjusted Tier I metal
feed rate screening limits under Sec. 266.106(b) or (e) and the total
chlorine and chloride feed rate screening limits under
Sec. 266.107(b)(1) or (e)).
(2) Prior notice of compliance testing. At least 30 days prior to
the compliance testing required by paragraph (c)(3) of this section, the
owner or operator shall notify the Director and submit the following
information:
(i) General facility information including:
(A) EPA facility ID number;
(B) Facility name, contact person, telephone number, and address;
(C) Person responsible for conducting compliance test, including
company name, address, and telephone number, and a statement of
qualifications;
(D) Planned date of the compliance test;
(ii) Specific information on each device to be tested including:
(A) Description of boiler or industrial furnace;
(B) A scaled plot plan showing the entire facility and location of
the boiler or industrial furnace;
(C) A description of the air pollution control system;
(D) Identification of the continuous emission monitors that are
installed, including:
(1) Carbon monoxide monitor;
(2) Oxygen monitor;
(3) Hydrocarbon monitor, specifying the minimum temperature of the
system and, if the temperature is less than 150 deg.C, an explanation
of why a heated system is not used (see paragraph (c)(5) of this
section) and a brief description of the sample gas conditioning system;
(E) Indication of whether the stack is shared with another device
that will be in operation during the compliance test;
(F) Other information useful to an understanding of the system
design or operation.
(iii) Information on the testing planned, including a complete copy
of the test protocol and Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) plan,
and a summary description for each test providing the following
information at a minimum:
(A) Purpose of the test (e.g., demonstrate compliance with emissions
of particulate matter); and
(B) Planned operating conditions, including levels for each
pertinent parameter specified in paragraph (c)(1) of this section.
(3) Compliance testing--(i) General. Compliance testing must be
conducted under conditions for which the owner or operator has submitted
a certification of precompliance under paragraph (b) of this section and
under conditions established in the notification of compliance testing
required by paragraph (c)(2) of this section. The owner or operator may
seek approval on a case-by-case basis to use compliance test data from
one unit in lieu of testing a similar onsite unit. To support the
request, the owner or operator must provide a comparison of the
hazardous waste burned and other feedstreams, and the design, operation,
and maintenance of both the tested unit and the similar unit. The
Director shall provide a written approval to use compliance test data in
lieu of testing
[[Page 28]]
a similar unit if he finds that the hazardous wastes, the devices, and
the operating conditions are sufficiently similar, and the data from the
other compliance test is adequate to meet the requirements of
Sec. 266.103(c).
(ii) Special requirements for industrial furnaces that recycle
collected PM. Owners and operators of industrial furnaces that recycle
back into the furnace particulate matter (PM) from the air pollution
control system must comply with one of the following procedures for
testing to determine compliance with the metals standards of
Sec. 266.106(c) or (d):
(A) The special testing requirements prescribed in ``Alternative
Method for Implementing Metals Controls'' in appendix IX of this part;
or
(B) Stack emissions testing for a minimum of 6 hours each day while
hazardous waste is burned during interim status. The testing must be
conducted when burning normal hazardous waste for that day at normal
feed rates for that day and when the air pollution control system is
operated under normal conditions. During interim status, hazardous waste
analysis for metals content must be sufficient for the owner or operator
to determine if changes in metals content may affect the ability of the
facility to meet the metals emissions standards established under
Sec. 266.106(c) or (d). Under this option, operating limits (under
paragraph (c)(1) of this section) must be established during compliance
testing under paragraph (c)(3) of this section only on the following
parameters;
(1) Feed rate of total hazardous waste;
(2) Total feed rate of chlorine and chloride in total feed streams;
(3) Total feed rate of ash in total feed streams, except that the
ash feed rate for cement kilns and light-weight aggregate kilns is not
limited;
(4) Carbon monoxide concentration, and where required, hydrocarbon
concentration in stack gas;
(5) Maximum production rate of the device in appropriate units when
producing normal product; or
(C) Conduct compliance testing to determine compliance with the
metals standards to establish limits on the operating parameters of
paragraph (c)(1) of this section only after the kiln system has been
conditioned to enable it to reach equilibrium with respect to metals fed
into the system and metals emissions. During conditioning, hazardous
waste and raw materials having the same metals content as will be fed
during the compliance test must be fed at the feed rates that will be
fed during the compliance test.
(iii) Conduct of compliance testing. (A) If compliance with all
applicable emissions standards of Secs. 266.104 through 266.107 is not
demonstrated simultaneously during a set of test runs, the operating
conditions of additional test runs required to demonstrate compliance
with remaining emissions standards must be as close as possible to the
original operating conditions.
(B) Prior to obtaining test data for purposes of demonstrating
compliance with the applicable emissions standards of Secs. 266.104
through 266.107 or establishing limits on operating parameters under
this section, the facility must operate under compliance test conditions
for a sufficient period to reach steady-state operations. Industrial
furnaces that recycle collected particulate matter back into the furnace
and that comply with paragraphs (c)(3)(ii)(A) or (B) of this section,
however, need not reach steady state conditions with respect to the flow
of metals in the system prior to beginning compliance testing for
metals.
(C) Compliance test data on the level of an operating parameter for
which a limit must be established in the certification of compliance
must be obtained during emissions sampling for the pollutant(s) (i.e.,
metals, PM, HCl/Cl2, organic compounds) for which the
parameter must be established as specified by paragraph (c)(1) of this
section.
(4) Certification of compliance. Within 90 days of completing
compliance testing, the owner or operator must certify to the Director
compliance with the emissions standards of Secs. 266.104 (b), (c), and
(e), 266.105, 266.106, 266.107, and paragraph (a)(5)(i)(D) of this
section. The certification of compliance must include the following
information:
(i) General facility and testing information including:
(A) EPA facility ID number;
[[Page 29]]
(B) Facility name, contact person, telephone number, and address;
(C) Person responsible for conducting compliance testing, including
company name, address, and telephone number, and a statement of
qualifications;
(D) Date(s) of each compliance test;
(E) Description of boiler or industrial furnace tested;
(F) Person responsible for quality assurance/quality control (QA/
QC), title, and telephone number, and statement that procedures
prescribed in the QA/QC plan submitted under Sec. 266.103(c)(2)(iii)
have been followed, or a description of any changes and an explanation
of why changes were necessary.
(G) Description of any changes in the unit configuration prior to or
during testing that would alter any of the information submitted in the
prior notice of compliance testing under paragraph (c)(2) of this
section, and an explanation of why the changes were necessary;
(H) Description of any changes in the planned test conditions prior
to or during the testing that alter any of the information submitted in
the prior notice of compliance testing under paragraph (c)(2) of this
section, and an explanation of why the changes were necessary; and
(I) The complete report on results of emissions testing.
(ii) Specific information on each test including:
(A) Purpose(s) of test (e.g., demonstrate conformance with the
emissions limits for particulate matter, metals, HCl, Cl2,
and CO)
(B) Summary of test results for each run and for each test including
the following information:
(1) Date of run;
(2) Duration of run;
(3) Time-weighted average and highest hourly rolling average CO
level for each run and for the test;
(4) Highest hourly rolling average HC level, if HC monitoring is
required for each run and for the test;
(5) If dioxin and furan testing is required under Sec. 266.104(e),
time-weighted average emissions for each run and for the test of
chlorinated dioxin and furan emissions, and the predicted maximum annual
average ground level concentration of the toxicity equivalency factor;
(6) Time-weighted average particulate matter emissions for each run
and for the test;
(7) Time-weighted average HCl and Cl2 emissions for each
run and for the test;
(8) Time-weighted average emissions for the metals subject to
regulation under Sec. 266.106 for each run and for the test; and
(9) QA/QC results.
(iii) Comparison of the actual emissions during each test with the
emissions limits prescribed by Secs. 266.104 (b), (c), and (e), 266.105,
266.106, and 266.107 and established for the facility in the
certification of precompliance under paragraph (b) of this section.
(iv) Determination of operating limits based on all valid runs of
the compliance test for each applicable parameter listed in paragraph
(c)(1) of this section using either of the following procedures:
(A) Instantaneous limits. A parameter may be measured and recorded
on an instantaneous basis (i.e., the value that occurs at any time) and
the operating limit specified as the time-weighted average during all
runs of the compliance test; or
(B) Hourly rolling average basis. (1) The limit for a parameter may
be established and continuously monitored on an hourly rolling average
basis defined as follows:
(i) A continuous monitor is one which continuously samples the
regulated parameter without interruption, and evaluates the detector
response at least once each 15 seconds, and computes and records the
average value at least every 60 seconds.
(ii) An hourly rolling average is the arithmetic mean of the 60 most
recent 1-minute average values recorded by the continuous monitoring
system.
(2) The operating limit for the parameter shall be established based
on compliance test data as the average over all test runs of the highest
hourly rolling average value for each run.
(C) Rolling average limits for carcinogenic metals and lead. Feed
rate limits
[[Page 30]]
for the carcinogenic metals (i.e., arsenic, beryllium, cadmium and
chromium) and lead may be established either on an hourly rolling
average basis as prescribed by paragraph (c)(4)(iv)(B) of this section
or on (up to) a 24 hour rolling average basis. If the owner or operator
elects to use an averaging period from 2 to 24 hours:
(1) The feed rate of each metal shall be limited at any time to ten
times the feed rate that would be allowed on a hourly rolling average
basis;
(2) The continuous monitor shall meet the following specifications:
(i) A continuous monitor is one which continuously samples the
regulated parameter without interruption, and evaluates the detector
response at least once each 15 seconds, and computes and records the
average value at least every 60 seconds.
(ii) The rolling average for the selected averaging period is
defined as arithmetic mean of one hour block averages for the averaging
period. A one hour block average is the arithmetic mean of the one
minute averages recorded during the 60-minute period beginning at one
minute after the beginning of preceding clock hour; and
(3) The operating limit for the feed rate of each metal shall be
established based on compliance test data as the average over all test
runs of the highest hourly rolling average feed rate for each run.
(D) Feed rate limits for metals, total chloride and chlorine, and
ash. Feed rate limits for metals, total chlorine and chloride, and ash
are established and monitored by knowing the concentration of the
substance (i.e., metals, chloride/chlorine, and ash) in each feedstream
and the flow rate of the feedstream. To monitor the feed rate of these
substances, the flow rate of each feedstream must be monitored under the
continuous monitoring requirements of paragraphs (c)(4)(iv) (A) through
(C) of this section.
(v) Certification of compliance statement. The following statement
shall accompany the certification of compliance:
``I certify under penalty of law that this information was prepared
under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed
to ensure that qualified personnel properly gathered and evaluated the
information and supporting documentation. Copies of all emissions tests,
dispersion modeling results and other information used to determine
conformance with the requirements of Sec. 266.103(c) are available at
the facility and can be obtained from the facility contact person listed
above. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manages the
facility, or those persons directly responsible for gathering the
information, the information submitted is, to the best of my knowledge
and belief, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are
significant penalties for submitting false information, including the
possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations.
I also acknowledge that the operating conditions established in this
certification pursuant to Sec. 266.103(c)(4)(iv) are enforceable limits
at which the facility can legally operate during interim status until a
revised certification of compliance is submitted.''
(5) Special requirements for HC monitoring systems. When an owner or
operator is required to comply with the hydrocarbon (HC) controls
provided by Sec. 266.104(c) or paragraph (a)(5)(i)(D) of this section, a
conditioned gas monitoring system may be used in conformance with
specifications provided in appendix IX of this part provided that the
owner or operator submits a certification of compliance without using
extensions of time provided by paragraph (c)(7) of this section.
(6) Special operating requirements for industrial furnaces that
recycle collected PM. Owners and operators of industrial furnaces that
recycle back into the furnace particulate matter (PM) from the air
pollution control system must:
(i) When complying with the requirements of paragraph (c)(3)(ii)(A)
of this section, comply with the operating requirements prescribed in
``Alternative Method to Implement the Metals Controls'' in appendix IX
of this part; and
(ii) When complying with the requirements of paragraph (c)(3)(ii)(B)
of this section, comply with the operating requirements prescribed by
that paragraph.
(7) Extensions of time. (i) If the owner or operator does not submit
a complete certification of compliance for all of the applicable
emissions standards of Secs. 266.104, 266.105, 266.106, and 266.107 by
August 21, 1992, he/she must either:
[[Page 31]]
(A) Stop burning hazardous waste and begin closure activities under
paragraph (l) of this section for the hazardous waste portion of the
facility; or
(B) Limit hazardous waste burning only for purposes of compliance
testing (and pretesting to prepare for compliance testing) a total
period of 720 hours for the period of time beginning August 21, 1992,
submit a notification to the Director by August 21, 1992 stating that
the facility is operating under restricted interim status and intends to
resume burning hazardous waste, and submit a complete certification of
compliance by August 23, 1993; or
(C) Obtain a case-by-case extension of time under paragraph
(c)(7)(ii) of this section.
(ii) The owner or operator may request a case-by-case extension of
time to extend any time limit provided by paragraph (c) of this section
if compliance with the time limit is not practicable for reasons beyond
the control of the owner or operator.
(A) In granting an extension, the Director may apply conditions as
the facts warrant to ensure timely compliance with the requirements of
this section and that the facility operates in a manner that does not
pose a hazard to human health and the environment;
(B) When an owner or operator requests an extension of time to
enable the facility to comply with the alternative hydrocarbon
provisions of Sec. 266.104(f) and obtain a RCRA operating permit because
the facility cannot meet the HC limit of Sec. 266.104(c) of this
chapter:
(1) The Director shall, in considering whether to grant the
extension:
(i) Determine whether the owner and operator have submitted in a
timely manner a complete part B permit application that includes
information required under Sec. 270.22(b) of this chapter; and
(ii) Consider whether the owner and operator have made a good faith
effort to certify compliance with all other emission controls, including
the controls on dioxins and furans of Sec. 266.104(e) and the controls
on PM, metals, and HCl/Cl2.
(2) If an extension is granted, the Director shall, as a condition
of the extension, require the facility to operate under flue gas
concentration limits on CO and HC that, based on available information,
including information in the part B permit application, are baseline CO
and HC levels as defined by Sec. 266.104(f)(1).
(8) Revised certification of compliance. The owner or operator may
submit at any time a revised certification of compliance
(recertification of compliance) under the following procedures:
(i) Prior to submittal of a revised certification of compliance,
hazardous waste may not be burned for more than a total of 720 hours
under operating conditions that exceed those established under a current
certification of compliance, and such burning may be conducted only for
purposes of determining whether the facility can operate under revised
conditions and continue to meet the applicable emissions standards of
Secs. 266.104, 266.105, 266.106, and 266.107;
(ii) At least 30 days prior to first burning hazardous waste under
operating conditions that exceed those established under a current
certification of compliance, the owner or operator shall notify the
Director and submit the following information:
(A) EPA facility ID number, and facility name, contact person,
telephone number, and address;
(B) Operating conditions that the owner or operator is seeking to
revise and description of the changes in facility design or operation
that prompted the need to seek to revise the operating conditions;
(C) A determination that when operating under the revised operating
conditions, the applicable emissions standards of Secs. 266.104,
266.105, 266.106, and 266.107 are not likely to be exceeded. To document
this determination, the owner or operator shall submit the applicable
information required under paragraph (b)(2) of this section; and
(D) Complete emissions testing protocol for any pretesting and for a
new compliance test to determine compliance with the applicable
emissions standards of Secs. 266.104, 266.105, 266.106, and 266.107 when
operating under revised operating conditions. The protocol shall include
a schedule of pre-testing and compliance testing. If the
[[Page 32]]
owner and operator revises the scheduled date for the compliance test,
he/she shall notify the Director in writing at least 30 days prior to
the revised date of the compliance test;
(iii) Conduct a compliance test under the revised operating
conditions and the protocol submitted to the Director to determine
compliance with the applicable emissions standards of Secs. 266.104,
266.105, 266.106, and 266.107; and
(iv) Submit a revised certification of compliance under paragraph
(c)(4) of this section.
(d) Periodic Recertifications. The owner or operator must conduct
compliance testing and submit to the Director a recertification of
compliance under provisions of paragraph (c) of this section within
three years from submitting the previous certification or
recertification. If the owner or operator seeks to recertify compliance
under new operating conditions, he/she must comply with the requirements
of paragraph (c)(8) of this section.
(e) Noncompliance with certification schedule. If the owner or
operator does not comply with the interim status compliance schedule
provided by paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) of this section, hazardous
waste burning must terminate on the date that the deadline is missed,
closure activities must begin under paragraph (l) of this section, and
hazardous waste burning may not resume except under an operating permit
issued under Sec. 270.66 of this chapter. For purposes of compliance
with the closure provisions of paragraph (l) of this section and
Secs. 265.112(d)(2) and 265.113 of this chapter the boiler or industrial
furnace has received ``the known final volume of hazardous waste'' on
the date that the deadline is missed.
(f) Start-up and shut-down. Hazardous waste (except waste fed solely
as an ingredient under the Tier I (or adjusted Tier I) feed rate
screening limits for metals and chloride/chlorine) must not be fed into
the device during start-up and shut-down of the boiler or industrial
furnace, unless the device is operating within the conditions of
operation specified in the certification of compliance.
(g) Automatic waste feed cutoff. During the compliance test required
by paragraph (c)(3) of this section, and upon certification of
compliance under paragraph (c) of this section, a boiler or industrial
furnace must be operated with a functioning system that automatically
cuts off the hazardous waste feed when the applicable operating
conditions specified in paragraphs (c)(1) (i) and (v through xiii) of
this section deviate from those established in the certification of
compliance. In addition:
(1) To minimize emissions of organic compounds, the minimum
combustion chamber temperature (or the indicator of combustion chamber
temperature) that occurred during the compliance test must be maintained
while hazardous waste or hazardous waste residues remain in the
combustion chamber, with the minimum temperature during the compliance
test defined as either:
(i) If compliance with the combustion chamber temperature limit is
based on a hourly rolling average, the minimum temperature during the
compliance test is considered to be the average over all runs of the
lowest hourly rolling average for each run; or
(ii) If compliance with the combustion chamber temperature limit is
based on an instantaneous temperature measurement, the minimum
temperature during the compliance test is considered to be the time-
weighted average temperature during all runs of the test; and
(2) Operating parameters limited by the certification of compliance
must continue to be monitored during the cutoff, and the hazardous waste
feed shall not be restarted until the levels of those parameters comply
with the limits established in the certification of compliance.
(h) Fugitive emissions. Fugitive emissions must be controlled by:
(1) Keeping the combustion zone totally sealed against fugitive
emissions; or
(2) Maintaining the combustion zone pressure lower than atmospheric
pressure; or
(3) An alternate means of control that the owner or operator can
demonstrate provide fugitive emissions control equivalent to maintenance
of combustion zone pressure lower than atmospheric pressure. Support for
such
[[Page 33]]
demonstration shall be included in the operating record.
(i) Changes. A boiler or industrial furnace must cease burning
hazardous waste when changes in combustion properties, or feed rates of
the hazardous waste, other fuels, or industrial furnace feedstocks, or
changes in the boiler or industrial furnace design or operating
conditions deviate from the limits specified in the certification of
compliance.
(j) Monitoring and Inspections. (1) The owner or operator must
monitor and record the following, at a minimum, while burning hazardous
waste:
(i) Feed rates and composition of hazardous waste, other fuels, and
industrial furnace feed stocks, and feed rates of ash, metals, and total
chloride and chlorine as necessary to ensure conformance with the
certification of precompliance or certification of compliance;
(ii) Carbon monoxide (CO), oxygen, and if applicable, hydrocarbons
(HC), on a continuous basis at a common point in the boiler or
industrial furnace downstream of the combustion zone and prior to
release of stack gases to the atmosphere in accordance with the
operating limits specified in the certification of compliance. CO, HC,
and oxygen monitors must be installed, operated, and maintained in
accordance with methods specified in appendix IX of this part.
(iii) Upon the request of the Director, sampling and analysis of the
hazardous waste (and other fuels and industrial furnace feed stocks as
appropriate) and the stack gas emissions must be conducted to verify
that the operating conditions established in the certification of
precompliance or certification of compliance achieve the applicable
standards of Secs. 266.104, 266.105, 266.106, and 266.107.
(2) The boiler or industrial furnace and associated equipment
(pumps, valves, pipes, fuel storage tanks, etc.) must be subjected to
thorough visual inspection when they contain hazardous waste, at least
daily for leaks, spills, fugitive emissions, and signs of tampering.
(3) The automatic hazardous waste feed cutoff system and associated
alarms must be tested at least once every 7 days when hazardous waste is
burned to verify operability, unless the owner or operator can
demonstrate that weekly inspections will unduly restrict or upset
operations and that less frequent inspections will be adequate. Support
for such demonstration shall be included in the operating record. At a
minimum, operational testing must be conducted at least once every 30
days.
(4) These monitoring and inspection data must be recorded and the
records must be placed in the operating log.
(k) Recordkeeping. The owner or operator must keep in the operating
record of the facility all information and data required by this section
until closure of the boiler or industrial furnace unit.
(l) Closure. At closure, the owner or operator must remove all
hazardous waste and hazardous waste residues (including, but not limited
to, ash, scrubber waters, and scrubber sludges) from the boiler or
industrial furnace and must comply with Secs. 265.111-265.115 of this
chapter.
[56 FR 7208, Feb. 21, 1991; 56 FR 32689, July 17, 1991, as amended at 56
FR 42512, 42514, Aug. 27, 1991; 57 FR 38564, Aug. 25, 1992; 57 FR 45000,
Sept. 30, 1992; 60 FR 33913, June 29, 1995]
Sec. 266.104 Standards to control organic emissions.
(a) DRE standard--(1) General. Except as provided in paragraph
(a)(3) of this section, a boiler or industrial furnace burning hazardous
waste must achieve a destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) of 99.99%
for all organic hazardous constituents in the waste feed. To demonstrate
conformance with this requirement, 99.99% DRE must be demonstrated
during a trial burn for each principal organic hazardous constituent
(POHC) designated (under paragraph (a)(2) of this section) in its permit
for each waste feed. DRE is determined for each POHC from the following
equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.000
where:
Win= Mass feed rate of one principal organic hazardous
constituent (POHC) in the hazardous waste
[[Page 34]]
fired to the boiler or industrial furnace; and
Wout= Mass emission rate of the same POHC present in
stack gas prior to release to the atmosphere.
(2) Designation of POHCs. Principal organic hazardous constituents
(POHCs) are those compounds for which compliance with the DRE
requirements of this section shall be demonstrated in a trial burn in
conformance with procedures prescribed in Sec. 270.66 of this chapter.
One or more POHCs shall be designated by the Director for each waste
feed to be burned. POHCs shall be designated based on the degree of
difficulty of destruction of the organic constituents in the waste and
on their concentrations or mass in the waste feed considering the
results of waste analyses submitted with part B of the permit
application. POHCs are most likely to be selected from among those
compounds listed in part 261, appendix VIII of this chapter that are
also present in the normal waste feed. However, if the applicant
demonstrates to the Regional Administrator's satisfaction that a
compound not listed in appendix VIII or not present in the normal waste
feed is a suitable indicator of compliance with the DRE requirements of
this section, that compound may be designated as a POHC. Such POHCs need
not be toxic or organic compounds.
(3) Dioxin-listed waste. A boiler or industrial furnace burning
hazardous waste containing (or derived from) EPA Hazardous Wastes Nos.
F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, or F027 must achieve a destruction and
removal efficiency (DRE) of 99.9999% for each POHC designated (under
paragraph (a)(2) of this section) in its permit. This performance must
be demonstrated on POHCs that are more difficult to burn than tetra-,
penta-, and hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans. DRE is
determined for each POHC from the equation in paragraph (a)(1) of this
section. In addition, the owner or operator of the boiler or industrial
furnace must notify the Director of intent to burn EPA Hazardous Waste
Nos. F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, or F027.
(4) Automatic waiver of DRE trial burn. Owners and operators of
boilers operated under the special operating requirements provided by
Sec. 266.110 are considered to be in compliance with the DRE standard of
paragraph (a)(1) of this section and are exempt from the DRE trial burn.
(5) Low risk waste. Owners and operators of boilers or industrial
furnaces that burn hazardous waste in compliance with the requirements
of Sec. 266.109(a) are considered to be in compliance with the DRE
standard of paragraph (a)(1) of this section and are exempt from the DRE
trial burn.
(b) Carbon monoxide standard. (1) Except as provided in paragraph
(c) of this section, the stack gas concentration of carbon monoxide (CO)
from a boiler or industrial furnace burning hazardous waste cannot
exceed 100 ppmv on an hourly rolling average basis (i.e., over any 60
minute period), continuously corrected to 7 percent oxygen, dry gas
basis.
(2) CO and oxygen shall be continuously monitored in conformance
with ``Performance Specifications for Continuous Emission Monitoring of
Carbon Monoxide and Oxygen for Incinerators, Boilers, and Industrial
Furnaces Burning Hazardous Waste'' in appendix IX of this part.
(3) Compliance with the 100 ppmv CO limit must be demonstrated
during the trial burn (for new facilities or an interim status facility
applying for a permit) or the compliance test (for interim status
facilities). To demonstrate compliance, the highest hourly rolling
average CO level during any valid run of the trial burn or compliance
test must not exceed 100 ppmv.
(c) Alternative carbon monoxide standard. (1) The stack gas
concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) from a boiler or industrial
furnace burning hazardous waste may exceed the 100 ppmv limit provided
that stack gas concentrations of hydrocarbons (HC) do not exceed 20
ppmv, except as provided by paragraph (f) of this section for certain
industrial furnaces.
(2) HC limits must be established under this section on an hourly
rolling average basis (i.e., over any 60 minute period), reported as
propane, and continuously corrected to 7 percent oxygen, dry gas basis.
[[Page 35]]
(3) HC shall be continuously monitored in conformance with
``Performance Specifications for Continuous Emission Monitoring of
Hydrocarbons for Incinerators, Boilers, and Industrial Furnaces Burning
Hazardous Waste'' in appendix IX of this part. CO and oxygen shall be
continuously monitored in conformance with paragraph (b)(2) of this
section.
(4) The alternative CO standard is established based on CO data
during the trial burn (for a new facility) and the compliance test (for
an interim status facility). The alternative CO standard is the average
over all valid runs of the highest hourly average CO level for each run.
The CO limit is implemented on an hourly rolling average basis, and
continuously corrected to 7 percent oxygen, dry gas basis.
(d) Special requirements for furnaces. Owners and operators of
industrial furnaces (e.g., kilns, cupolas) that feed hazardous waste for
a purpose other than solely as an ingredient (see
Sec. 266.103(a)(5)(ii)) at any location other than the end where
products are normally discharged and where fuels are normally fired must
comply with the hydrocarbon limits provided by paragraphs (c) or (f) of
this section irrespective of whether stack gas CO concentrations meet
the 100 ppmv limit of paragraph (b) of this section.
(e) Controls for dioxins and furans. Owners and operators of boilers
and industrial furnaces that are equipped with a dry particulate matter
control device that operates within the temperature range of 450-750
deg.F, and industrial furnaces operating under an alternative
hydrocarbon limit established under paragraph (f) of this section must
conduct a site-specific risk assessment as follows to demonstrate that
emissions of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans do not
result in an increased lifetime cancer risk to the hypothetical maximum
exposed individual (MEI) exceeding 1 in 100,000:
(1) During the trial burn (for new facilities or an interim status
facility applying for a permit) or compliance test (for interim status
facilities), determine emission rates of the tetra-octa congeners of
chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (CDDs/CDFs) using Method
0023A, Sampling Method for Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins and
Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans Emissions from Stationary Sources, EPA
Publication SW-846, as incorporated by reference in Sec. 260.11 of this
chapter.
(2) Estimate the 2,3,7,8-TCDD toxicity equivalence of the tetra-octa
CDDs/CDFs congeners using ``Procedures for Estimating the Toxicity
Equivalence of Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxin and Dibenzofuran Congeners''
in appendix IX of this part. Multiply the emission rates of CDD/CDF
congeners with a toxicity equivalence greater than zero (see the
procedure) by the calculated toxicity equivalence factor to estimate the
equivalent emission rate of 2,3,7,8-TCDD;
(3) Conduct dispersion modeling using methods recommended in
appendix W of part 51 of this chapter (``Guideline on Air Quality Models
(Revised)'' (1986) and its supplements), the ``Hazardous Waste
Combustion Air Quality Screening Procedure'', provided in appendix IX of
this part, or in Screening Procedures for Estimating the Air Quality
Impact of Stationary Sources, Revised (incorporated by reference in
Sec. 260.11) to predict the maximum annual average off-site ground level
concentration of 2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalents determined under paragraph
(e)(2) of this section. The maximum annual average concentration must be
used when a person resides on-site; and
(4) The ratio of the predicted maximum annual average ground level
concentration of 2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalents to the risk-specific dose for
2,3,7,8-TCDD provided in appendix V of this part (2.2 X
10--7) shall not exceed 1.0.
(f) Monitoring CO and HC in the by-pass duct of a cement kiln.
Cement kilns may comply with the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon limits
provided by paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) of this section by monitoring
in the by-pass duct provided that:
(1) Hazardous waste is fired only into the kiln and not at any
location downstream from the kiln exit relative to the direction of gas
flow; and
(2) The by-pass duct diverts a minimum of 10% of kiln off-gas into
the duct.
[[Page 36]]
(g) Use of emissions test data to demonstrate compliance and
establish operating limits. Compliance with the requirements of this
section must be demonstrated simultaneously by emissions testing or
during separate runs under identical operating conditions. Further, data
to demonstrate compliance with the CO and HC limits of this section or
to establish alternative CO or HC limits under this section must be
obtained during the time that DRE testing, and where applicable, CDD/CDF
testing under paragraph (e) of this section and comprehensive organic
emissions testing under paragraph (f) is conducted.
(h) Enforcement. For the purposes of permit enforcement, compliance
with the operating requirements specified in the permit (under
Sec. 266.102) will be regarded as compliance with this section. However,
evidence that compliance with those permit conditions is insufficient to
ensure compliance with the requirements of this section may be
``information'' justifying modification or revocation and re-issuance of
a permit under Sec. 270.41 of this chapter.
[56 FR 7208, Feb. 21, 1991; 56 FR 32689, July 17, 1991, as amended at 57
FR 38565, Aug. 25, 1992; 58 FR 38883, July 20, 1993; 60 FR 33914, June
29, 1995; 62 FR 32463, June 13, 1997]
Sec. 266.105 Standards to control particulate matter.
(a) A boiler or industrial furnace burning hazardous waste may not
emit particulate matter in excess of 180 milligrams per dry standard
cubic meter (0.08 grains per dry standard cubic foot) after correction
to a stack gas concentration of 7% oxygen, using procedures prescribed
in 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, methods 1 through 5, and appendix IX of
this part.
(b) An owner or operator meeting the requirements of Sec. 266.109(b)
for the low risk waste exemption is exempt from the particulate matter
standard.
(c) Oxygen correction. (1) Measured pollutant levels must be
corrected for the amount of oxygen in the stack gas according to the
formula:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR30SE99.027
Where:
Pc is the corrected concentration of the pollutant in the stack gas, Pm
is the measured concentration of the pollutant in the stack gas, E
is the oxygen concentration on a dry basis in the combustion air fed
to the device, and Y is the measured oxygen concentration on a dry
basis in the stack.
(2) For devices that feed normal combustion air, E will equal 21
percent. For devices that feed oxygen-enriched air for combustion (that
is, air with an oxygen concentration exceeding 21 percent), the value of
E will be the concentration of oxygen in the enriched air.
(3) Compliance with all emission standards provided by this subpart
must be based on correcting to 7 percent oxygen using this procedure.
(d) For the purposes of permit enforcement, compliance with the
operating requirements specified in the permit (under Sec. 266.102) will
be regarded as compliance with this section. However, evidence that
compliance with those permit conditions is insufficient to ensure
compliance with the requirements of this section may be ``information''
justifying modification or revocation and re-issuance of a permit under
Sec. 270.41 of this chapter.
[56 FR 7208, Feb. 21, 1991, as amended at 64 FR 53075, Sept. 30, 1999]
Sec. 266.106 Standards to control metals emissions.
(a) General. The owner or operator must comply with the metals
standards provided by paragraphs (b), (c), (d), (e), or (f) of this
section for each metal listed in paragraph (b) of this section that is
present in the hazardous waste at detectable levels using analytical
procedures specified in Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste,
Physical/Chemical Methods (SW-846), incorporated by reference in
Sec. 260.11 of this chapter.
(b) Tier I feed rate screening limits. Feed rate screening limits
for metals are specified in appendix I of this part as a function of
terrain-adjusted effective stack height and terrain and land use in the
vicinity of the facility. Criteria for facilities that are not eligible
to comply with the screening limits are provided in paragraph (b)(7) of
this section.
[[Page 37]]
(1) Noncarcinogenic metals. The feed rates of antimony, barium,
lead, mercury, thallium, and silver in all feed streams, including
hazardous waste, fuels, and industrial furnace feed stocks shall not
exceed the screening limits specified in appendix I of this part.
(i) The feed rate screening limits for antimony, barium, mercury,
thallium, and silver are based on either:
(A) An hourly rolling average as defined in
Sec. 266.102(e)(6)(i)(B); or
(B) An instantaneous limit not to be exceeded at any time.
(ii) The feed rate screening limit for lead is based on one of the
following:
(A) An hourly rolling average as defined in
Sec. 266.102(e)(6)(i)(B);
(B) An averaging period of 2 to 24 hours as defined in
Sec. 266.102(e)(6)(ii) with an instantaneous feed rate limit not to
exceed 10 times the feed rate that would be allowed on an hourly rolling
average basis; or
(C) An instantaneous limit not to be exceeded at any time.
(2) Carcinogenic metals. (i) The feed rates of arsenic, cadmium,
beryllium, and chromium in all feed streams, including hazardous waste,
fuels, and industrial furnace feed stocks shall not exceed values
derived from the screening limits specified in appendix I of this part.
The feed rate of each of these metals is limited to a level such that
the sum of the ratios of the actual feed rate to the feed rate screening
limit specified in appendix I shall not exceed 1.0, as provided by the
following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.001
where:
n=number of carcinogenic metals
AFR=actual feed rate to the device for metal ``i''
FRSL=feed rate screening limit provided by appendix I of this part
for metal ``i''.
(ii) The feed rate screening limits for the carcinogenic metals are
based on either:
(A) An hourly rolling average; or
(B) An averaging period of 2 to 24 hours as defined in
Sec. 266.102(e)(6)(ii) with an instantaneous feed rate limit not to
exceed 10 times the feed rate that would be allowed on an hourly rolling
average basis.
(3) TESH. (i) The terrain-adjusted effective stack height is
determined according to the following equation:
TESH=Ha+H1-Tr
where:
Ha=Actual physical stack height
H1=Plume rise as determined from appendix VI of this part as a
function of stack flow rate and stack gas exhaust temperature.
Tr=Terrain rise within five kilometers of the stack.
(ii) The stack height (Ha) may not exceed good engineering practice
as specified in 40 CFR 51.100(ii).
(iii) If the TESH for a particular facility is not listed in the
table in the appendices, the nearest lower TESH listed in the table
shall be used. If the TESH is four meters or less, a value of four
meters shall be used.
(4) Terrain type. The screening limits are a function of whether the
facility is located in noncomplex or complex terrain. A device located
where any part of the surrounding terrain within 5 kilometers of the
stack equals or exceeds the elevation of the physical stack height (Ha)
is considered to be in complex terrain and the screening limits for
complex terrain apply. Terrain measurements are to be made from U.S.
Geological Survey 7.5-minute topographic maps of the area surrounding
the facility.
(5) Land use. The screening limits are a function of whether the
facility is located in an area where the land use is urban or rural. To
determine whether land use in the vicinity of the facility is urban or
rural, procedures provided in appendices IX or X of this part shall be
used.
(6) Multiple stacks. Owners and operators of facilities with more
than one on-site stack from a boiler, industrial furnace, incinerator,
or other thermal treatment unit subject to controls of metals emissions
under a RCRA operating permit or interim status controls must comply
with the screening limits for all such units assuming all hazardous
waste is fed into the device with the worst-case stack based on
dispersion characteristics. The worst-case
[[Page 38]]
stack is determined from the following equation as applied to each
stack:
K=HVT
Where:
K=a parameter accounting for relative influence of stack height and
plume rise;
H=physical stack height (meters);
V=stack gas flow rate (m\3\/second); and
T=exhaust temperature ( deg.K).
The stack with the lowest value of K is the worst-case stack.
(7) Criteria for facilities not eligible for screening limits. If
any criteria below are met, the Tier I and Tier II screening limits do
not apply. Owners and operators of such facilities must comply with
either the Tier III standards provided by paragraph (d) of this section
or with the adjusted Tier I feed rate screening limits provided by
paragraph (e) of this section.
(i) The device is located in a narrow valley less than one kilometer
wide;
(ii) The device has a stack taller than 20 meters and is located
such that the terrain rises to the physical height within one kilometer
of the facility;
(iii) The device has a stack taller than 20 meters and is located
within five kilometers of a shoreline of a large body of water such as
an ocean or large lake;
(iv) The physical stack height of any stack is less than 2.5 times
the height of any building within five building heights or five
projected building widths of the stack and the distance from the stack
to the closest boundary is within five building heights or five
projected building widths of the associated building; or
(v) The Director determines that standards based on site-specific
dispersion modeling are required.
(8) Implementation. The feed rate of metals in each feedstream must
be monitored to ensure that the feed rate screening limits are not
exceeded.
(c) Tier II emission rate screening limits. Emission rate screening
limits are specified in appendix I as a function of terrain-adjusted
effective stack height and terrain and land use in the vicinity of the
facility. Criteria for facilities that are not eligible to comply with
the screening limits are provided in paragraph (b)(7) of this section.
(1) Noncarcinogenic metals. The emission rates of antimony, barium,
lead, mercury, thallium, and silver shall not exceed the screening
limits specified in appendix I of this part.
(2) Carcinogenic metals. The emission rates of arsenic, cadmium,
beryllium, and chromium shall not exceed values derived from the
screening limits specified in appendix I of this part. The emission rate
of each of these metals is limited to a level such that the sum of the
ratios of the actual emission rate to the emission rate screening limit
specified in appendix I shall not exceed 1.0, as provided by the
following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.002
where:
n=number of carcinogenic metals
AER=actual emission rate for metal ``i''
ERSL=emission rate screening limit provided by appendix I of this
part for metal ``i''.
(3) Implementation. The emission rate limits must be implemented by
limiting feed rates of the individual metals to levels during the trial
burn (for new facilities or an interim status facility applying for a
permit) or the compliance test (for interim status facilities). The feed
rate averaging periods are the same as provided by paragraphs (b)(1)(i)
and (ii) and (b)(2)(ii) of this section. The feed rate of metals in each
feedstream must be monitored to ensure that the feed rate limits for the
feedstreams specified under Secs. 266.102 or 266.103 are not exceeded.
(4) Definitions and limitations. The definitions and limitations
provided by paragraph (b) of this section for the following terms also
apply to the Tier II emission rate screening limits provided by
paragraph (c) of this section: terrain-adjusted effective stack height,
good engineering practice stack height, terrain type, land use, and
criteria for facilities not eligible to use the screening limits.
(5) Multiple stacks. (i) Owners and operators of facilities with
more than one onsite stack from a boiler, industrial furnace,
incinerator, or other thermal treatment unit subject to controls on
metals emissions under a RCRA operating permit or interim status
controls
[[Page 39]]
must comply with the emissions screening limits for any such stacks
assuming all hazardous waste is fed into the device with the worst-case
stack based on dispersion characteristics.
(ii) The worst-case stack is determined by procedures provided in
paragraph (b)(6) of this section.
(iii) For each metal, the total emissions of the metal from those
stacks shall not exceed the screening limit for the worst-case stack.
(d) Tier III and Adjusted Tier I site-specific risk assessment. The
requirements of this paragraph apply to facilities complying with either
the Tier III or Adjusted Tier I controls, except where specified
otherwise.
(1) General. Conformance with the Tier III metals controls must be
demonstrated by emissions testing to determine the emission rate for
each metal. In addition, conformance with either the Tier III or
Adjusted Tier I metals controls must be demonstrated by air dispersion
modeling to predict the maximum annual average off-site ground level
concentration for each dispersion modeling to predict the maximum annual
average off-site ground level concentration for each metal, and a
demonstration that acceptable ambient levels are not exceeded.
(2) Acceptable ambient levels. Appendices IV and V of this part list
the acceptable ambient levels for purposes of this rule. Reference air
concentrations (RACs) are listed for the noncarcinogenic metals and
10-5 risk-specific doses (RSDs) are listed for the
carcinogenic metals. The RSD for a metal is the acceptable ambient level
for that metal provided that only one of the four carcinogenic metals is
emitted. If more than one carcinogenic metal is emitted, the acceptable
ambient level for the carcinogenic metals is a fraction of the RSD as
described in paragraph (d)(3) of this section.
(3) Carcinogenic metals. For the carcinogenic metals, arsenic,
cadmium, beryllium, and chromium, the sum of the ratios of the predicted
maximum annual average off-site ground level concentrations (except that
on-site concentrations must be considered if a person resides on site)
to the risk-specific dose (RSD) for all carcinogenic metals emitted
shall not exceed 1.0 as determined by the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.003
where: n=number of carcinogenic metals
(4) Noncarcinogenic metals. For the noncarcinogenic metals, the
predicted maximum annual average off-site ground level concentration for
each metal shall not exceed the reference air concentration (RAC).
(5) Multiple stacks. Owners and operators of facilities with more
than one on-site stack from a boiler, industrial furnace, incinerator,
or other thermal treatment unit subject to controls on metals emissions
under a RCRA operating permit or interim status controls must conduct
emissions testing (except that facilities complying with Adjusted Tier I
controls need not conduct emissions testing) and dispersion modeling to
demonstrate that the aggregate emissions from all such on-site stacks do
not result in an exceedance of the acceptable ambient levels.
(6) Implementation. Under Tier III, the metals controls must be
implemented by limiting feed rates of the individual metals to levels
during the trial burn (for new facilities or an interim status facility
applying for a permit) or the compliance test (for interim status
facilities). The feed rate averaging periods are the same as provided by
paragraphs (b)(1) (i) and (ii) and (b)(2)(ii) of this section. The feed
rate of metals in each feedstream must be monitored to ensure that the
feed rate limits for the feedstreams specified under Secs. 266.102 or
266.103 are not exceeded.
[[Page 40]]
(e) Adjusted Tier I feed rate screening limits. The owner or
operator may adjust the feed rate screening limits provided by appendix
I of this part to account for site-specific dispersion modeling. Under
this approach, the adjusted feed rate screening limit for a metal is
determined by back-calculating from the acceptable ambient level
provided by appendices IV and V of this part using dispersion modeling
to determine the maximum allowable emission rate. This emission rate
becomes the adjusted Tier I feed rate screening limit. The feed rate
screening limits for carcinogenic metals are implemented as prescribed
in paragraph (b)(2) of this section.
(f) Alternative implementation approaches. (1) The Director may
approve on a case-by-case basis approaches to implement the Tier II or
Tier III metals emission limits provided by paragraphs (c) or (d) of
this section alternative to monitoring the feed rate of metals in each
feedstream.
(2) The emission limits provided by paragraph (d) of this section
must be determined as follows:
(i) For each noncarcinogenic metal, by back-calculating from the RAC
provided in appendix IV of this part to determine the allowable emission
rate for each metal using the dilution factor for the maximum annual
average ground level concentration predicted by dispersion modeling in
conformance with paragraph (h) of this section; and
(ii) For each carcinogenic metal by:
(A) Back-calculating from the RSD provided in appendix V of this
part to determine the allowable emission rate for each metal if that
metal were the only carcinogenic metal emitted using the dilution factor
for the maximum annual average ground level concentration predicted by
dispersion modeling in conformance with paragraph (h) of this section;
and
(B) If more than one carcinogenic metal is emitted, selecting an
emission limit for each carcinogenic metal not to exceed the emission
rate determined by paragraph (f)(2)(ii)(A) of this section such that the
sum for all carcinogenic metals of the ratios of the selected emission
limit to the emission rate determined by that paragraph does not exceed
1.0.
(g) Emission testing--(1) General. Emission testing for metals shall
be conducted using Method 0060, Determinations of Metals in Stack
Emissions, EPA Publication SW-846, as incorporated by reference in
Sec. 260.11 of this chapter.
(2) Hexavalent chromium. Emissions of chromium are assumed to be
hexavalent chromium unless the owner or operator conducts emissions
testing to determine hexavalent chromium emissions using procedures
prescribed in Method 0061, Determination of Hexavalent Chromium
Emissions from Stationary Sources, EPA Publication SW-846, as
incorporated by reference in Sec. 260.11 of this chapter.
(h) Dispersion Modeling. Dispersion modeling required under this
section shall be conducted according to methods recommended in appendix
W of part 51 of this chapter (``Guideline on Air Quality Models
(Revised)'' (1986) and its supplements), the ``Hazardous Waste
Combustion Air Quality Screening Procedure'', provided in appendix IX of
this part, or in Screening Procedures for Estimating the Air Quality
Impact of Stationary Sources, Revised (incorporated by reference in
Sec. 260.11) to predict the maximum annual average off-site ground level
concentration. However, on-site concentrations must be considered when a
person resides on-site.
(i) Enforcement. For the purposes of permit enforcement, compliance
with the operating requirements specified in the permit (under
Sec. 266.102) will be regarded as compliance with this section. However,
evidence that compliance with those permit conditions is insufficient to
ensure compliance with the requirements of this section may be
``information'' justifying modification or revocation and re-issuance of
a permit under Sec. 270.41 of this chapter.
[56 FR 7208, Feb. 21, 1991; 56 FR 32689, July 17, 1991; 57 FR 38565,
Aug. 25, 1992; 58 FR 38883, July 20, 1993; 62 FR 32463, June 13, 1997]
Sec. 266.107 Standards to control hydrogen chloride (HCl) and chlorine gas (Cl2) emissions.
(a) General. The owner or operator must comply with the hydrogen
chloride (HCl) and chlorine (Cl2) controls
[[Page 41]]
provided by paragraph (b), (c), or (e) of this section.
(b) Screening limits--(1) Tier I feed rate screening limits. Feed
rate screening limits are specified for total chlorine in appendix II of
this part as a function of terrain-adjusted effective stack height and
terrain and land use in the vicinity of the facility. The feed rate of
total chlorine and chloride, both organic and inorganic, in all feed
streams, including hazardous waste, fuels, and industrial furnace feed
stocks shall not exceed the levels specified.
(2) Tier II emission rate screening limits. Emission rate screening
limits for HCl and Cl2 are specified in appendix III of this
part as a function of terrain-adjusted effective stack height and
terrain and land use in the vicinity of the facility. The stack emission
rates of HCl and Cl2 shall not exceed the levels specified.
(3) Definitions and limitations. The definitions and limitations
provided by Sec. 266.106(b) for the following terms also apply to the
screening limits provided by this paragraph: terrain-adjusted effective
stack height, good engineering practice stack height, terrain type, land
use, and criteria for facilities not eligible to use the screening
limits.
(4) Multiple stacks. Owners and operators of facilities with more
than one on-site stack from a boiler, industrial furnace, incinerator,
or other thermal treatment unit subject to controls on HCl or
Cl2 emissions under a RCRA operating permit or interim status
controls must comply with the Tier I and Tier II screening limits for
those stacks assuming all hazardous waste is fed into the device with
the worst-case stack based on dispersion characteristics.
(i) The worst-case stack is determined by procedures provided in
Sec. 266.106(b)(6).
(ii) Under Tier I, the total feed rate of chlorine and chloride to
all subject devices shall not exceed the screening limit for the worst-
case stack.
(iii) Under Tier II, the total emissions of HCl and Cl2
from all subject stacks shall not exceed the screening limit for the
worst-case stack.
(c) Tier III site-specific risk assessments--(1) General.
Conformance with the Tier III controls must be demonstrated by emissions
testing to determine the emission rate for HCl and Cl2, air
dispersion modeling to predict the maximum annual average off-site
ground level concentration for each compound, and a demonstration that
acceptable ambient levels are not exceeded.
(2) Acceptable ambient levels. Appendix IV of this part lists the
reference air concentrations (RACs) for HCl (7 micrograms per cubic
meter) and Cl2 (0.4 micrograms per cubic meter).
(3) Multiple stacks. Owners and operators of facilities with more
than one on-site stack from a boiler, industrial furnace, incinerator,
or other thermal treatment unit subject to controls on HCl or
Cl2 emissions under a RCRA operating permit or interim status
controls must conduct emissions testing and dispersion modeling to
demonstrate that the aggregate emissions from all such on-site stacks do
not result in an exceedance of the acceptable ambient levels for HCl and
Cl2.
(d) Averaging periods. The HCl and Cl2 controls are
implemented by limiting the feed rate of total chlorine and chloride in
all feedstreams, including hazardous waste, fuels, and industrial
furnace feed stocks. Under Tier I, the feed rate of total chloride and
chlorine is limited to the Tier I Screening Limits. Under Tier II and
Tier III, the feed rate of total chloride and chlorine is limited to the
feed rates during the trial burn (for new facilities or an interim
status facility applying for a permit) or the compliance test (for
interim status facilities). The feed rate limits are based on either:
(1) An hourly rolling average as defined in Sec. 266.102(e)(6); or
(2) An instantaneous basis not to be exceeded at any time.
(e) Adjusted Tier I feed rate screening limits. The owner or
operator may adjust the feed rate screening limit provided by appendix
II of this part to account for site-specific dispersion modeling. Under
this approach, the adjusted feed rate screening limit is determined by
back-calculating from the acceptable ambient level for Cl2
provided by appendix IV of this part using dispersion modeling to
determine the maximum allowable emission rate.
[[Page 42]]
This emission rate becomes the adjusted Tier I feed rate screening
limit.
(f) Emissions testing. Emissions testing for HCl and Cl2
shall be conducted using the procedures described in Methods 0050 or
0051, EPA Publication SW-846, as incorporated by reference in
Sec. 260.11 of this chapter.
(g) Dispersion modeling. Dispersion modeling shall be conducted
according to the provisions of Sec. 266.106(h).
(h) Enforcement. For the purposes of permit enforcement, compliance
with the operating requirements specified in the permit (under
Sec. 266.102) will be regarded as compliance with this section. However,
evidence that compliance with those permit conditions is insufficient to
ensure compliance with the requirements of this section may be
``information'' justifying modification or revocation and re-issuance of
a permit under Sec. 270.41 of this chapter.
[56 FR 7208, Feb. 21, 1991; 56 FR 32690, July 17, 1991; 57 FR 38566,
Aug. 25, 1992; 62 FR 32463, June 13, 1997]
Sec. 266.108 Small quantity on-site burner exemption.
(a) Exempt quantities. Owners and operators of facilities that burn
hazardous waste in an on-site boiler or industrial furnace are exempt
from the requirements of this subpart provided that:
(1) The quantity of hazardous waste burned in a device for a
calendar month does not exceed the limits provided in the following
table based on the terrain-adjusted effective stack height as defined in
Sec. 266.106(b)(3):
Exempt Quantities for Small Quantity Burner Exemption
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Allowable Allowable
hazardous hazardous
waste Terrain-adjusted waste
Terrain-adjusted effective burning effective stack burning
stack height of device (meters) rate height of device rate
(gallons/ (meters) (gallons/
month) month)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 to 3.9....................... 0 40.0 to 44.9..... 210
4.0 to 5.9..................... 13 45.0 to 49.9..... 260
6.0 to 7.9..................... 18 50.0 to 54.9..... 330
8.0 to 9.9..................... 27 55.0 to 59.9..... 400
10.0 to 11.9................... 40 60.0 to 64.9..... 490
12.0 to 13.9................... 48 65.0 to 69.9..... 610
14.0 to 15.9................... 59 70.0 to 74.9..... 680
16.0 to 17.9................... 69 75.0 to 79.9..... 760
18.0 to 19.9................... 76 80.0 to 84.9..... 850
20.0 to 21.9................... 84 85.0 to 89.9..... 960
22.0 to 23.9................... 93 90.0 to 94.9..... 1,100
24.0 to 25.9................... 100 95.0 to 99.9..... 1,200
26.0 to 27.9................... 110 100.0 to 104.9... 1,300
28.0 to 29.9................... 130 105.0 to 109.9... 1,500
30.0 to 34.9................... 140 110.0 to 114.9... 1,700
35.0 to 39.9................... 170 115.0 or greater. 1,900
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2) The maximum hazardous waste firing rate does not exceed at any
time 1 percent of the total fuel requirements for the device (hazardous
waste plus other fuel) on a total heat input or mass input basis,
whichever results in the lower mass feed rate of hazardous waste.
(3) The hazardous waste has a minimum heating value of 5,000 Btu/lb,
as generated; and
(4) The hazardous waste fuel does not contain (and is not derived
from) EPA Hazardous Waste Nos. F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, or F027.
(b) Mixing with nonhazardous fuels. If hazardous waste fuel is mixed
with a nonhazardous fuel, the quantity of hazardous waste before such
mixing is used to comply with paragraph (a).
(c) Multiple stacks. If an owner or operator burns hazardous waste
in more than one on-site boiler or industrial furnace exempt under this
section, the quantity limits provided by paragraph (a)(1) of this
section are implemented according to the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.004
where:
n means the number of stacks;
Actual Quantity Burned means the waste quantity burned per month in
device ``i'';
Allowable Quantity Burned means the maximum allowable exempt
quantity for stack ``i'' from the table in (a)(1) above.
Note: Hazardous wastes that are subject to the special requirements
for small quantity generators under Sec. 261.5 of this chapter may
[[Page 43]]
be burned in an off-site device under the exemption provided by
Sec. 266.108, but must be included in the quantity determination for the
exemption.
(d) Notification requirements. The owner or operator of facilities
qualifying for the small quantity burner exemption under this section
must provide a one-time signed, written notice to EPA indicating the
following:
(1) The combustion unit is operating as a small quantity burner of
hazardous waste;
(2) The owner and operator are in compliance with the requirements
of this section; and
(3) The maximum quantity of hazardous waste that the facility may
burn per month as provided by Sec. 266.108(a)(1).
(e) Recordkeeping requirements. The owner or operator must maintain
at the facility for at least three years sufficient records documenting
compliance with the hazardous waste quantity, firing rate, and heating
value limits of this section. At a minimum, these records must indicate
the quantity of hazardous waste and other fuel burned in each unit per
calendar month, and the heating value of the hazardous waste.
[56 FR 7208, Feb. 21, 1991; 56 FR 32690, July 17, 1991, as amended at 56
FR 42515, Aug. 27, 1991; 57 FR 38566, Aug. 25, 1992]
Sec. 266.109 Low risk waste exemption.
(a) Waiver of DRE standard. The DRE standard of Sec. 266.104(a) does
not apply if the boiler or industrial furnace is operated in conformance
with (a)(1) of this section and the owner or operator demonstrates by
procedures prescribed in (a)(2) of this section that the burning will
not result in unacceptable adverse health effects.
(1) The device shall be operated as follows:
(i) A minimum of 50 percent of fuel fired to the device shall be
fossil fuel, fuels derived from fossil fuel, tall oil, or, if approved
by the Director on a case-by-case basis, other nonhazardous fuel with
combustion characteristics comparable to fossil fuel. Such fuels are
termed ``primary fuel'' for purposes of this section. (Tall oil is a
fuel derived from vegetable and rosin fatty acids.) The 50 percent
primary fuel firing rate shall be determined on a total heat or mass
input basis, whichever results in the greater mass feed rate of primary
fuel fired;
(ii) Primary fuels and hazardous waste fuels shall have a minimum
as-fired heating value of 8,000 Btu/lb;
(iii) The hazardous waste is fired directly into the primary fuel
flame zone of the combustion chamber; and
(iv) The device operates in conformance with the carbon monoxide
controls provided by Sec. 266.104(b)(1). Devices subject to the
exemption provided by this section are not eligible for the alternative
carbon monoxide controls provided by Sec. 266.104(c).
(2) Procedures to demonstrate that the hazardous waste burning will
not pose unacceptable adverse public health effects are as follows:
(i) Identify and quantify those nonmetal compounds listed in
appendix VIII, part 261 of this chapter that could reasonably be
expected to be present in the hazardous waste. The constituents excluded
from analysis must be identified and the basis for their exclusion
explained;
(ii) Calculate reasonable, worst case emission rates for each
constitutent identified in paragraph (a)(2)(i) of this section by
assuming the device achieves 99.9 percent destruction and removal
efficiency. That is, assume that 0.1 percent of the mass weight of each
constitutent fed to the device is emitted.
(iii) For each constituent identified in paragraph (a)(2)(i) of this
section, use emissions dispersion modeling to predict the maximum annual
average ground level concentration of the constituent.
(A) Dispersion modeling shall be conducted using methods specified
in Sec. 266.106(h).
(B) Owners and operators of facilities with more than one on-site
stack from a boiler or industrial furnace that is exempt under this
section must conduct dispersion modeling of emissions from all stacks
exempt under this section to predict ambient levels prescribed by this
paragraph.
(iv) Ground level concentrations of constituents predicted under
paragraph (a)(2)(iii) of this section must not exceed the following
levels:
[[Page 44]]
(A) For the noncarcinogenic compounds listed in appendix IV of this
part, the levels established in appendix IV;
(B) For the carcinogenic compounds listed in appendix V of this
part, the sum for all constituents of the ratios of the actual ground
level concentration to the level established in appendix V cannot exceed
1.0; and
(C) For constituents not listed in appendix IV or V, 0.1 micrograms
per cubic meter.
(b) Waiver of particular matter standard. The particulate matter
standard of Sec. 266.105 does not apply if:
(1) The DRE standard is waived under paragraph (a) of this section;
and
(2) The owner or operator complies with the Tier I or adjusted Tier
I metals feed rate screening limits provided by Sec. 266.106 (b) or (e).
[56 FR 7208, Feb. 21, 1991; 56 FR 32690, July 17, 1991, as amended at 56
FR 42515, Aug. 27, 1991]
Sec. 266.110 Waiver of DRE trial burn for boilers.
Boilers that operate under the special requirements of this section,
and that do not burn hazardous waste containing (or derived from) EPA
Hazardous Waste Nos. F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, or F027, are
considered to be in conformance with the DRE standard of
Sec. 266.104(a), and a trial burn to demonstrate DRE is waived. When
burning hazardous waste:
(a) A minimum of 50 percent of fuel fired to the device shall be
fossil fuel, fuels derived from fossil fuel, tall oil, or, if approved
by the Director on a case-by-case basis, other nonhazardous fuel with
combustion characteristics comparable to fossil fuel. Such fuels are
termed ``primary fuel'' for purposes of this section. (Tall oil is a
fuel derived from vegetable and rosin fatty acids.) The 50 percent
primary fuel firing rate shall be determined on a total heat or mass
input basis, whichever results in the greater mass feed rate of primary
fuel fired;
(b) Boiler load shall not be less than 40 percent. Boiler load is
the ratio at any time of the total heat input to the maximum design heat
input;
(c) Primary fuels and hazardous waste fuels shall have a minimum as-
fired heating value of 8,000 Btu/lb, and each material fired in a burner
where hazardous waste is fired must have a heating value of at least
8,000 Btu/lb, as-fired;
(d) The device shall operate in conformance with the carbon monoxide
standard provided by Sec. 266.104(b)(1). Boilers subject to the waiver
of the DRE trial burn provided by this section are not eligible for the
alternative carbon monoxide standard provided by Sec. 266.104(c);
(e) The boiler must be a watertube type boiler that does not feed
fuel using a stoker or stoker type mechanism; and
(f) The hazardous waste shall be fired directly into the primary
fuel flame zone of the combustion chamber with an air or steam
atomization firing system, mechanical atomization system, or a rotary
cup atomization system under the following conditions:
(1) Viscosity. The viscosity of the hazardous waste fuel as-fired
shall not exceed 300 SSU;
(2) Particle size. When a high pressure air or steam atomizer, low
pressure atomizer, or mechanical atomizer is used, 70% of the hazardous
waste fuel must pass through a 200 mesh (74 micron) screen, and when a
rotary cup atomizer is used, 70% of the hazardous waste must pass
through a 100 mesh (150 micron) screen;
(3) Mechanical atomization systems. Fuel pressure within a
mechanical atomization system and fuel flow rate shall be maintained
within the design range taking into account the viscosity and volatility
of the fuel;
(4) Rotary cup atomization systems. Fuel flow rate through a rotary
cup atomization system must be maintained within the design range taking
into account the viscosity and volatility of the fuel.
[56 FR 7208, Feb. 21, 1991; 56 FR 32690, July 17, 1991, as amended at 56
FR 42515, Aug. 27, 1991]
Sec. 266.111 Standards for direct transfer.
(a) Applicability. The regulations in this section apply to owners
and operators of boilers and industrial furnaces subject to
Secs. 266.102 or 266.103 if hazardous waste is directly transferred from
a transport vehicle to a boiler or industrial furnace without the use of
a storage unit.
[[Page 45]]
(b) Definitions. (1) When used in this section, the following terms
have the meanings given below:
Direct transfer equipment means any device (including but not
limited to, such devices as piping, fittings, flanges, valves, and
pumps) that is used to distribute, meter, or control the flow of
hazardous waste between a container (i.e., transport vehicle) and a
boiler or industrial furnace.
Container means any portable device in which hazardous waste is
transported, stored, treated, or otherwise handled, and includes
transport vehicles that are containers themselves (e.g., tank trucks,
tanker-trailers, and rail tank cars), and containers placed on or in a
transport vehicle.
(2) This section references several requirements provided in
subparts I and J of parts 264 and 265. For purposes of this section, the
term ``tank systems'' in those referenced requirements means direct
transfer equipment as defined in paragraph (b)(1) of this section.
(c) General operating requirements. (1) No direct transfer of a
pumpable hazardous waste shall be conducted from an open-top container
to a boiler or industrial furnace.
(2) Direct transfer equipment used for pumpable hazardous waste
shall always be closed, except when necessary to add or remove the
waste, and shall not be opened, handled, or stored in a manner that may
cause any rupture or leak.
(3) The direct transfer of hazardous waste to a boiler or industrial
furnace shall be conducted so that it does not:
(i) Generate extreme heat or pressure, fire, explosion, or violent
reaction;
(ii) Produce uncontrolled toxic mists, fumes, dusts, or gases in
sufficient quantities to threaten human health;
(iii) Produce uncontrolled flammable fumes or gases in sufficient
quantities to pose a risk of fire or explosions;
(iv) Damage the structural integrity of the container or direct
transfer equipment containing the waste;
(v) Adversely affect the capability of the boiler or industrial
furnace to meet the standards provided by Secs. 266.104 through 266.107;
or
(vi) Threaten human health or the environment.
(4) Hazardous waste shall not be placed in direct transfer
equipment, if it could cause the equipment or its secondary containment
system to rupture, leak, corrode, or otherwise fail.
(5) The owner or operator of the facility shall use appropriate
controls and practices to prevent spills and overflows from the direct
transfer equipment or its secondary containment systems. These include
at a minimum:
(i) Spill prevention controls (e.g., check valves, dry discount
couplings); and
(ii) Automatic waste feed cutoff to use if a leak or spill occurs
from the direct transfer equipment.
(d) Areas where direct transfer vehicles (containers) are located.
Applying the definition of container under this section, owners and
operators must comply with the following requirements:
(1) The containment requirements of Sec. 264.175 of this chapter;
(2) The use and management requirements of subpart I, part 265 of
this chapter, except for Secs. 265.170 and 265.174, and except that in
lieu of the special requirements of Sec. 265.176 for ignitable or
reactive waste, the owner or operator may comply with the requirements
for the maintenance of protective distances between the waste management
area and any public ways, streets, alleys, or an adjacent property line
that can be built upon as required in Tables 2-1 through 2-6 of the
National Fire Protection Association's (NFPA) ``Flammable and
Combustible Liquids Code,'' (1977 or 1981), (incorporated by reference,
see Sec. 260.11). The owner or operator must obtain and keep on file at
the facility a written certification by the local Fire Marshall that the
installation meets the subject NFPA codes; and
(3) The closure requirements of Sec. 264.178 of this chapter.
(e) Direct transfer equipment. Direct transfer equipment must meet
the following requirements:
(1) Secondary containment. Owners and operators shall comply with
the secondary containment requirements of Sec. 265.193 of this chapter,
except for paragraphs 265.193 (a), (d), (e), and (i) as follows:
[[Page 46]]
(i) For all new direct transfer equipment, prior to their being put
into service; and
(ii) For existing direct transfer equipment within 2 years after
August 21, 1991.
(2) Requirements prior to meeting secondary containment
requirements. (i) For existing direct transfer equipment that does not
have secondary containment, the owner or operator shall determine
whether the equipment is leaking or is unfit for use. The owner or
operator shall obtain and keep on file at the facility a written
assessment reviewed and certified by a qualified, registered
professional engineer in accordance with Sec. 270.11(d) of this chapter
that attests to the equipment's integrity by August 21, 1992.
(ii) This assessment shall determine whether the direct transfer
equipment is adequately designed and has sufficient structural strength
and compatibility with the waste(s) to be transferred to ensure that it
will not collapse, rupture, or fail. At a minimum, this assessment shall
consider the following:
(A) Design standard(s), if available, according to which the direct
transfer equipment was constructed;
(B) Hazardous characteristics of the waste(s) that have been or will
be handled;
(C) Existing corrosion protection measures;
(D) Documented age of the equipment, if available, (otherwise, an
estimate of the age); and
(E) Results of a leak test or other integrity examination such that
the effects of temperature variations, vapor pockets, cracks, leaks,
corrosion, and erosion are accounted for.
(iii) If, as a result of the assessment specified above, the direct
transfer equipment is found to be leaking or unfit for use, the owner or
operator shall comply with the requirements of Secs. 265.196 (a) and (b)
of this chapter.
(3) Inspections and recordkeeping. (i) The owner or operator must
inspect at least once each operating hour when hazardous waste is being
transferred from the transport vehicle (container) to the boiler or
industrial furnace:
(A) Overfill/spill control equipment (e.g., waste-feed cutoff
systems, bypass systems, and drainage systems) to ensure that it is in
good working order;
(B) The above ground portions of the direct transfer equipment to
detect corrosion, erosion, or releases of waste (e.g., wet spots, dead
vegetation); and
(C) Data gathered from monitoring equipment and leak-detection
equipment, (e.g., pressure and temperature gauges) to ensure that the
direct transfer equipment is being operated according to its design.
(ii) The owner or operator must inspect cathodic protection systems,
if used, to ensure that they are functioning properly according to the
schedule provided by Sec. 265.195(b) of this chapter:
(iii) Records of inspections made under this paragraph shall be
maintained in the operating record at the facility, and available for
inspection for at least 3 years from the date of the inspection.
(4) Design and installation of new ancillary equipment. Owners and
operators must comply with the requirements of Sec. 265.192 of this
chapter.
(5) Response to leaks or spills. Owners and operators must comply
with the requirements of Sec. 265.196 of this chapter.
(6) Closure. Owners and operators must comply with the requirements
of Sec. 265.197 of this chapter, except for Sec. 265.197 (c)(2) through
(c)(4).
[50 FR 666, Jan. 4, 1985, as amended at 56 FR 42515, Aug. 27, 1991]
Sec. 266.112 Regulation of residues.
A residue derived from the burning or processing of hazardous waste
in a boiler or industrial furnace is not excluded from the definition of
a hazardous waste under Sec. 261.4(b) (4), (7), or (8) unless the device
and the owner or operator meet the following requirements:
(a) The device meets the following criteria:
(1) Boilers. Boilers must burn at least 50% coal on a total heat
input or mass input basis, whichever results in the greater mass feed
rate of coal;
(2) Ore or mineral furnaces. Industrial furnaces subject to
Sec. 261.4(b)(7) must process at least 50% by weight normal,
nonhazardous raw materials;
[[Page 47]]
(3) Cement kilns. Cement kilns must process at least 50% by weight
normal cement-production raw materials;
(b) The owner or operator demonstrates that the hazardous waste does
not significantly affect the residue by demonstrating conformance with
either of the following criteria:
(1) Comparison of waste-derived residue with normal residue. The
waste-derived residue must not contain appendix VIII, part 261
constituents (toxic constituents) that could reasonably be attributable
to the hazardous waste at concentrations significantly higher than in
residue generated without burning or processing of hazardous waste,
using the following procedure. Toxic compounds that could reasonably be
attributable to burning or processing the hazardous waste (constituents
of concern) include toxic constituents in the hazardous waste, and the
organic compounds listed in appendix VIII of this part that may be
generated as products of incomplete combustion. Sampling and analyses
shall be in conformance with procedures prescribed in Test Methods for
Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods, incorporated by
reference in Sec. 260.11(a) of this chapter. For polychlorinated
dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo-furans, analyses must be
performed to determine specific congeners and homologues, and the
results converted to 2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalent values using the procedure
specified in section 4.0 of appendix IX of this part.
(i) Normal residue. Concentrations of toxic constituents of concern
in normal residue shall be determined based on analyses of a minimum of
10 samples representing a minimum of 10 days of operation. Composite
samples may be used to develop a sample for analysis provided that the
compositing period does not exceed 24 hours. The upper tolerance limit
(at 95% confidence with a 95% proportion of the sample distribution) of
the concentration in the normal residue shall be considered the
statistically-derived concentration in the normal residue. If changes in
raw materials or fuels reduce the statistically-derived concentrations
of the toxic constituents of concern in the normal residue, the
statistically-derived concentrations must be revised or statistically-
derived concentrations of toxic constituents in normal residue must be
established for a new mode of operation with the new raw material or
fuel. To determine the upper tolerance limit in the normal residue, the
owner or operator shall use statistical procedures prescribed in
``Statistical Methodology for Bevill Residue Determinations'' in
appendix IX of this part.
(ii) Waste-derived residue. Waste-derived residue shall be sampled
and analyzed as often as necessary to determine whether the residue
generated during each 24-hour period has concentrations of toxic
constituents that are higher than the concentrations established for the
normal residue under paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section. If so,
hazardous waste burning has significantly affected the residue and the
residue shall not be excluded from the definition of a hazardous waste.
Concentrations of toxic constituents of concern in the waste-derived
residue shall be determined based on analysis of one or more samples
obtained over a 24-hour period. Multiple samples may be analyzed, and
multiple samples may be taken to form a composite sample for analysis
provided that the sampling period does not exceed 24 hours. If more than
one sample is analyzed to characterize waste-derived residues generated
over a 24-hour period, the concentration of each toxic constituent shall
be the arithmetic mean of the concentrations in the samples. No results
may be disregarded; or
(2) Comparison of waste-derived residue concentrations with health-
based limits-- (i) Nonmetal constituents. The concentration of each
nonmetal toxic constituent of concern (specified in paragraph (b)(1) of
this section) in the waste-derived residue must not exceed the health-
based level specified in appendix VII of this part, or the level of
detection (using analytical procedures prescribed in SW-846), whichever
is higher. If a health-based limit for a constituent of concern is not
listed in appendix VII of this part, then a limit of 0.002 micrograms
per kilogram or the level of detection (using analytical procedures
contained in SW-846, or other appropriate methods), whichever is higher,
must be used. The levels specified in appendix VII of this part
[[Page 48]]
(and the default level of 0.002 micrograms per kilogram or the level of
detection for constituents as identified in Note 1 of appendix VII of
this paragraph) are administratively stayed under the condition, for
those constituents specified in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, that
the owner or operator complies with alternative levels defined as the
land disposal restriction limits specified in Sec. 268.43 of this
chapter for F039 nonwastewaters. In complying with those alternative
levels, if an owner or operator is unable to detect a constituent
despite documenting use of best good-faith efforts as defined by
applicable Agency guidance or standards, the owner or operator is deemed
to be in compliance for that constituent. Until new guidance or
standards are developed, the owner or operator may demonstrate such good
faith efforts by achieving a detection limit for the constituent that
does not exceed an order of magnitude above the level provided by
Sec. 268.43 of this chapter for F039 nonwastewaters. In complying with
the Sec. 268.43 of this chapter F039 nonwastewater levels for
polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo-furans,
analyses must be performed for total hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins, total
hexachlorodibenzofurans, total pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins, total
pentachlorodibenzofurans, total tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins, and total
tetrachlorodibenzofurans.
Note to this paragraph: The administrative stay, under the condition
that the owner or operator complies with alternative levels defined as
the land disposal restriction limits specified in Sec. 268.43 of this
chapter for F039 nonwastewaters, remains in effect until further
administrative action is taken and notice is published in the Federal
Register and the Code of Federal Regulations.
(ii) Metal constituents. The concentration of metals in an extract
obtained using the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure of
Sec. 261.24 of this chapter must not exceed the levels specified in
appendix VII of this part; and
(iii) Sampling and analysis. Waste-derived residue shall be sampled
and analyzed as often as necessary to determine whether the residue
generated during each 24-hour period has concentrations of toxic
constituents that are higher than the health-based levels.
Concentrations of toxic constituents of concern in the waste-derived
residue shall be determined based on analysis of one or more samples
obtained over a 24-hour period. Multiple samples may be analyzed, and
multiple samples may be taken to form a composite sample for analysis
provided that the sampling period does not exceed 24 hours. If more than
one sample is analyzed to characterize waste-derived residues generated
over a 24-hour period, the concentration of each toxic constituent shall
be the arithmetic mean of the concentrations in the samples. No results
may be disregarded; and
(c) Records sufficient to document compliance with the provisions of
this section shall be retained until closure of the boiler or industrial
furnace unit. At a minimum, the following shall be recorded.
(1) Levels of constituents in appendix VIII, part 261, that are
present in waste-derived residues;
(2) If the waste-derived residue is compared with normal residue
under paragraph (b)(1) of this section:
(i) The levels of constituents in appendix VIII, part 261, that are
present in normal residues; and
(ii) Data and information, including analyses of samples as
necessary, obtained to determine if changes in raw materials or fuels
would reduce the concentration of toxic constituents of concern in the
normal residue.
[50 FR 666, Jan. 4, 1985, as amended at 56 FR 42516, Aug. 27, 1991; 57
FR 38566, Aug. 25, 1992; 58 FR 59602, Nov. 9, 1993; 64 FR 53076, Sept.
30, 1999]
Subparts I-L [Reserved]
Subpart M--Military Munitions
Source: 62 FR 6654, Feb. 12, 1997, unless otherwise noted.
Sec. 266.200 Applicability.
(a) The regulations in this subpart identify when military munitions
become a solid waste, and, if these wastes are also hazardous under this
subpart or 40 CFR part 261, the management standards that apply to these
wastes.
[[Page 49]]
(b) Unless otherwise specified in this subpart, all applicable
requirements in 40 CFR parts 260 through 270 apply to waste military
munitions.
Sec. 266.201 Definitions.
In addition to the definitions in 40 CFR 260.10, the following
definitions apply to this subpart:
Active range means a military range that is currently in service and
is being regularly used for range activities.
Chemical agents and munitions are defined as in 50 U.S.C. section
1521(j)(1).
Director is as defined in 40 CFR 270.2.
Explosives or munitions emergency response specialist is as defined
in 40 CFR 260.10.
Explosives or munitions emergency is as defined in 40 CFR 260.10.
Explosives or munitions emergency response is as defined in 40 CFR
260.10.
Inactive range means a military range that is not currently being
used, but that is still under military control and considered by the
military to be a potential range area, and that has not been put to a
new use that is incompatible with range activities.
Military means the Department of Defense (DOD), the Armed Services,
Coast Guard, National Guard, Department of Energy (DOE), or other
parties under contract or acting as an agent for the foregoing, who
handle military munitions.
Military munitions is as defined in 40 CFR 260.10.
Military range means designated land and water areas set aside,
managed, and used to conduct research on, develop, test, and evaluate
military munitions and explosives, other ordnance, or weapon systems, or
to train military personnel in their use and handling. Ranges include
firing lines and positions, maneuver areas, firing lanes, test pads,
detonation pads, impact areas, and buffer zones with restricted access
and exclusionary areas.
Unexploded ordnance (UXO) means military munitions that have been
primed, fused, armed, or otherwise prepared for action, and have been
fired, dropped, launched, projected, or placed in such a manner as to
constitute a hazard to operations, installation, personnel, or material
and remain unexploded either by malfunction, design, or any other cause.
Sec. 266.202 Definition of solid waste.
(a) A military munition is not a solid waste when:
(1) Used for its intended purpose, including:
(i) Use in training military personnel or explosives and munitions
emergency response specialists (including training in proper destruction
of unused propellant or other munitions); or
(ii) Use in research, development, testing, and evaluation of
military munitions, weapons, or weapon systems; or
(iii) Recovery, collection, and on-range destruction of unexploded
ordnance and munitions fragments during range clearance activities at
active or inactive ranges. However, ``use for intended purpose'' does
not include the on-range disposal or burial of unexploded ordnance and
contaminants when the burial is not a result of product use.
(2) An unused munition, or component thereof, is being repaired,
reused, recycled, reclaimed, disassembled, reconfigured, or otherwise
subjected to materials recovery activities, unless such activities
involve use constituting disposal as defined in 40 CFR 261.2(c)(1), or
burning for energy recovery as defined in 40 CFR 261.2(c)(2).
(b) An unused military munition is a solid waste when any of the
following occurs:
(1) The munition is abandoned by being disposed of, burned,
detonated (except during intended use as specified in paragraph (a) of
this section), incinerated, or treated prior to disposal; or
(2) The munition is removed from storage in a military magazine or
other storage area for the purpose of being disposed of, burned, or
incinerated, or treated prior to disposal, or
(3) The munition is deteriorated or damaged (e.g., the integrity of
the munition is compromised by cracks, leaks, or other damage) to the
point that it cannot be put into serviceable condition, and cannot
reasonably be recycled or used for other purposes; or
(4) The munition has been declared a solid waste by an authorized
military official.
[[Page 50]]
(c) A used or fired military munition is a solid waste:
(1) When transported off range or from the site of use, where the
site of use is not a range, for the purposes of storage, reclamation,
treatment, disposal, or treatment prior to disposal; or
(2) If recovered, collected, and then disposed of by burial, or
landfilling either on or off a range.
(d) For purposes of RCRA section 1004(27), a used or fired military
munition is a solid waste, and, therefore, is potentially subject to
RCRA corrective action authorities under sections 3004(u) and (v), and
3008(h), or imminent and substantial endangerment authorities under
section 7003, if the munition lands off-range and is not promptly
rendered safe and/or retrieved. Any imminent and substantial threats
associated with any remaining material must be addressed. If remedial
action is infeasible, the operator of the range must maintain a record
of the event for as long as any threat remains. The record must include
the type of munition and its location (to the extent the location is
known).
Sec. 266.203 Standards applicable to the transportation of solid waste military munitions.
(a) Criteria for hazardous waste regulation of waste non-chemical
military munitions in transportation. (1) Waste military munitions that
are being transported and that exhibit a hazardous waste characteristic
or are listed as hazardous waste under 40 CFR part 261, are listed or
identified as a hazardous waste (and thus are subject to regulation
under 40 CFR parts 260 through 270), unless all the following conditions
are met:
(i) The waste military munitions are not chemical agents or chemical
munitions;
(ii) The waste military munitions must be transported in accordance
with the Department of Defense shipping controls applicable to the
transport of military munitions;
(iii) The waste military munitions must be transported from a
military owned or operated installation to a military owned or operated
treatment, storage, or disposal facility; and
(iv) The transporter of the waste must provide oral notice to the
Director within 24 hours from the time the transporter becomes aware of
any loss or theft of the waste military munitions, or any failure to
meet a condition of paragraph (a)(1) of this section that may endanger
health or the environment. In addition, a written submission describing
the circumstances shall be provided within 5 days from the time the
transporter becomes aware of any loss or theft of the waste military
munitions or any failure to meet a condition of paragraph (a)(1) of this
section.
(2) If any waste military munitions shipped under paragraph (a)(1)
of this section are not received by the receiving facility within 45
days of the day the waste was shipped, the owner or operator of the
receiving facility must report this non-receipt to the Director within 5
days.
(3) The exemption in paragraph (a)(1) of this section from
regulation as hazardous waste shall apply only to the transportation of
non-chemical waste military munitions. It does not affect the regulatory
status of waste military munitions as hazardous wastes with regard to
storage, treatment or disposal.
(4) The conditional exemption in paragraph (a)(1) of this section
applies only so long as all of the conditions in paragraph (a)(1) of
this section are met.
(b) Reinstatement of exemption. If any waste military munition loses
its exemption under paragraph (a)(1) of this section, an application may
be filed with the Director for reinstatement of the exemption from
hazardous waste transportation regulation with respect to such munition
as soon as the munition is returned to compliance with the conditions of
paragraph (a)(1) of this section. If the Director finds that
reinstatement of the exemption is appropriate based on factors such as
the transporter's provision of a satisfactory explanation of the
circumstances of the violation, or a demonstration that the violations
are not likely to recur, the Director may reinstate the exemption under
paragraph (a)(1) of this section. If the Director does not take action
on the reinstatement application within 60 days after receipt of the
application, then reinstatement
[[Page 51]]
shall be deemed granted, retroactive to the date of the application.
However, the Director may terminate a conditional exemption reinstated
by default in the preceding sentence if the Director finds that
reinstatement is inappropriate based on factors such as the
transporter's failure to provide a satisfactory explanation of the
circumstances of the violation, or failure to demonstrate that the
violations are not likely to recur. In reinstating the exemption under
paragraph (a)(1) of this section, the Director may specify additional
conditions as are necessary to ensure and document proper transportation
to protect human health and the environment.
(c) Amendments to DOD shipping controls. The Department of Defense
shipping controls applicable to the transport of military munitions
referenced in paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of this section are Government Bill
of Lading (GBL) (GSA Standard Form 1109), requisition tracking form DD
Form 1348, the Signature and Talley Record (DD Form 1907), Special
Instructions for Motor Vehicle Drivers (DD Form 836), and the Motor
Vehicle Inspection Report (DD Form 626) in effect on November 8, 1995,
except as provided in the following sentence. Any amendments to the
Department of Defense shipping controls shall become effective for
purposes of paragraph (a)(1) of this section on the date the Department
of Defense publishes notice in the Federal Register that the shipping
controls referenced in paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of this section have been
amended.
Sec. 266.204 Standards applicable to emergency responses.
Explosives and munitions emergencies involving military munitions or
explosives are subject to 40 CFR 262.10(i), 263.10(e), 264.1(g)(8),
265.1(c)(11), and 270.1(c)(3), or alternatively to 40 CFR 270.61.
Sec. 266.205 Standards applicable to the storage of solid waste military munitions.
(a) Criteria for hazardous waste regulation of waste non-chemical
military munitions in storage. (1) Waste military munitions in storage
that exhibit a hazardous waste characteristic or are listed as hazardous
waste under 40 CFR Part 261, are listed or identified as a hazardous
waste (and thus are subject to regulation under 40 CFR Parts 260 through
279), unless all the following conditions are met:
(i) The waste military munitions are not chemical agents or chemical
munitions.
(ii) The waste military munitions must be subject to the
jurisdiction of the Department of Defense Explosives Safety Board
(DDESB).
(iii) The waste military munitions must be stored in accordance with
the DDESB storage standards applicable to waste military munitions.
(iv) Within 90 days of August 12, 1997 or within 90 days of when a
storage unit is first used to store waste military munitions, whichever
is later, the owner or operator must notify the Director of the location
of any waste storage unit used to store waste military munitions for
which the conditional exemption in paragraph (a)(1) is claimed.
(v) The owner or operator must provide oral notice to the Director
within 24 hours from the time the owner or operator becomes aware of any
loss or theft of the waste military munitions, or any failure to meet a
condition of paragraph (a)(1) that may endanger health or the
environment. In addition, a written submission describing the
circumstances shall be provided within 5 days from the time the owner or
operator becomes aware of any loss or theft of the waste military
munitions or any failure to meet a condition of paragraph (a)(1) of this
section.
(vi) The owner or operator must inventory the waste military
munitions at least annually, must inspect the waste military munitions
at least quarterly for compliance with the conditions of paragraph
(a)(1) of this section, and must maintain records of the findings of
these inventories and inspections for at least three years.
(vii) Access to the stored waste military munitions must be limited
to appropriately trained and authorized personnel.
(2) The conditional exemption in paragraph (a)(1) of this section
from regulation as hazardous waste shall
[[Page 52]]
apply only to the storage of non-chemical waste military munitions. It
does not affect the regulatory status of waste military munitions as
hazardous wastes with regard to transportation, treatment or disposal.
(3) The conditional exemption in paragraph (a)(1) of this section
applies only so long as all of the conditions in paragraph (a)(1) of
this section are met.
(b) Notice of termination of waste storage. The owner or operator
must notify the Director when a storage unit identified in paragraph
(a)(1)(iv) of this section will no longer be used to store waste
military munitions.
(c) Reinstatement of conditional exemption. If any waste military
munition loses its conditional exemption under paragraph (a)(1) of this
section, an application may be filed with the Director for reinstatement
of the conditional exemption from hazardous waste storage regulation
with respect to such munition as soon as the munition is returned to
compliance with the conditions of paragraph (a)(1) of this section. If
the Director finds that reinstatement of the conditional exemption is
appropriate based on factors such as the owner's or operator's provision
of a satisfactory explanation of the circumstances of the violation, or
a demonstration that the violations are not likely to recur, the
Director may reinstate the conditional exemption under paragraph (a)(1)
of this section. If the Director does not take action on the
reinstatement application within 60 days after receipt of the
application, then reinstatement shall be deemed granted, retroactive to
the date of the application. However, the Director may terminate a
conditional exemption reinstated by default in the preceding sentence if
he/she finds that reinstatement is inappropriate based on factors such
as the owner's or operator's failure to provide a satisfactory
explanation of the circumstances of the violation, or failure to
demonstrate that the violations are not likely to recur. In reinstating
the conditional exemption under paragraph (a)(1) of this section, the
Director may specify additional conditions as are necessary to ensure
and document proper storage to protect human health and the environment.
(d) Waste chemical munitions. (1) Waste military munitions that are
chemical agents or chemical munitions and that exhibit a hazardous waste
characteristic or are listed as hazardous waste under 40 CFR Part 261,
are listed or identified as a hazardous waste and shall be subject to
the applicable regulatory requirements of RCRA subtitle C.
(2) Waste military munitions that are chemical agents or chemical
munitions and that exhibit a hazardous waste characteristic or are
listed as hazardous waste under 40 CFR Part 261, are not subject to the
storage prohibition in RCRA section 3004(j), codified at 40 CFR 268.50.
(e) Amendments to DDESB storage standards. The DDESB storage
standards applicable to waste military munitions, referenced in
paragraph (a)(1)(iii) of this section, are DOD 6055.9-STD (``DOD
Ammunition and Explosive Safety Standards''), in effect on November 8,
1995, except as provided in the following sentence. Any amendments to
the DDESB storage standards shall become effective for purposes of
paragraph (a)(1) of this section on the date the Department of Defense
publishes notice in the Federal Register that the DDESB standards
referenced in paragraph (a)(1) of this section have been amended.
Sec. 266.206 Standards applicable to the treatment and disposal of waste military munitions.
The treatment and disposal of hazardous waste military munitions are
subject to the applicable permitting, procedural, and technical
standards in 40 CFR Parts 260 through 270.
[[Page 53]]
Pt. 266, App. I
Appendix I to Part 266--Tier I and Tier II Feed Rate and Emissions Screening Limits for Metals
Table I-A--Tier I and Tier II Feed Rate and Emissions Screening Limits for Noncarcinogenic Metals for Facilities in Noncomplex Terrain
[Values for urban areas]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Terrain adjusted eff. stack ht.
(m) Antimony (g/hr) Barium (g/hr) Lead (g/hr) Mercury (g/hr) Silver (g/hr) Thallium (g/hr)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4................................. 6.0E+01 1.0E+04 1.8E+01 6.0E+01 6.0E+02 6.0E+01
6................................. 6.8E+01 1.1E+04 2.0E+01 6.8E+01 6.8E+02 6.8E+01
8................................. 7.6E+01 1.3E+04 2.3E+01 7.6E+01 7.6E+02 7.6E+01
10................................ 8.6E+01 1.4E+04 2.6E+01 8.6E+01 8.6E+02 8.6E+01
12................................ 9.6E+01 1.7E+04 3.0E+01 9.6E+01 9.6E+02 9.6E+01
14................................ 1.1E+02 1.8E+04 3.4E+01 1.1E+02 1.1E+03 1.1E+02
16................................ 1.3E+02 2.1E+04 3.6E+01 1.3E+02 1.3E+03 1.3E+02
18................................ 1.4E+02 2.4E+04 4.3E+01 1.4E+02 1.4E+03 1.4E+02
20................................ 1.6E+02 2.7E+04 4.6E+01 1.6E+02 1.6E+03 1.6E+02
22................................ 1.8E+02 3.0E+04 5.4E+01 1.8E+02 1.8E+03 1.8E+02
24................................ 2.0E+02 3.4E+04 6.0E+01 2.0E+02 2.0E+03 2.0E+02
26................................ 2.3E+02 3.9E+04 6.8E+01 2.3E+02 2.3E+03 2.3E+02
28................................ 2.6E+02 4.3E+04 7.8E+01 2.6E+02 2.6E+03 2.6E+02
30................................ 3.0E+02 5.0E+04 9.0E+01 3.0E+02 3.0E+03 3.0E+02
35................................ 4.0E+02 6.6E+04 1.1E+02 4.0E+02 4.0E+03 4.0E+02
40................................ 4.6E+02 7.8E+04 1.4E+02 4.6E+02 4.6E+03 4.6E+02
45................................ 6.0E+02 1.0E+05 1.8E+02 6.0E+02 6.0E+03 6.0E+02
50................................ 7.8E+02 1.3E+05 2.3E+02 7.8E+02 7.8E+03 7.8E+02
55................................ 9.6E+02 1.7E+05 3.0E+02 9.6E+02 9.6E+03 9.6E+02
60................................ 1.2E+03 2.0E+05 3.6E+02 1.2E+03 1.2E+04 1.2E+03
65................................ 1.5E+03 2.5E+05 4.3E+02 1.5E+03 1.5E+04 1.5E+03
70................................ 1.7E+03 2.8E+05 5.0E+02 1.7E+03 1.7E+04 1.7E+03
75................................ 1.9E+03 3.2E+05 5.8E+02 1.9E+03 1.9E+04 1.9E+03
80................................ 2.2E+03 3.6E+05 6.4E+02 2.2E+03 2.2E+04 2.2E+03
85................................ 2.5E+03 4.0E+05 7.6E+02 2.5E+03 2.5E+04 2.5E+03
90................................ 2.8E+03 4.6E+05 8.2E+02 2.8E+03 2.8E+04 2.8E+03
95................................ 3.2E+03 5.4E+05 9.6E+02 3.2E+03 3.2E+04 3.2E+03
100............................... 3.6E+03 6.0E+05 1.1E+03 3.6E+03 3.6E+04 3.6E+03
105............................... 4.0E+03 6.8E+05 1.2E+03 4.0E+03 4.0E+04 4.0E+03
110............................... 4.6E+03 7.8E+05 1.4E+03 4.6E+03 4.6E+04 4.6E+03
115............................... 5.4E+03 8.6E+05 1.6E+03 5.4E+03 5.4E+04 5.4E+03
120............................... 6.0E+03 1.0E+06 1.8E+03 6.0E+03 6.0E+04 6.0E+03
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 54]]
Table I-B--Tier i and Tier II Feed Rate and Emissions Screening Limits for Noncarcinogenic Metals for Facilities in Noncomplex Terrain
[Values for rural areas]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Terrain adjusted eff. stack ht.
(m) Antimony (g/hr) Barium (g/hr) Lead (g/hr) Mercury (g/hr) Silver (g/hr) Thallium (g/hr)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4................................. 3.1E+01 5.2E+03 9.4E+00 3.1E+01 3.1E+02 3.1E+01
6................................. 3.6E+01 6.0E+03 1.1E+01 3.6E+01 3.6E+02 3.6E+01
8................................. 4.0E+01 6.8E+03 1.2E+01 4.0E+01 4.0E+02 4.0E+01
10................................ 4.6E+01 7.8E+03 1.4E+01 4.6E+01 4.6E+02 4.6E+01
12................................ 5.8E+01 9.6E+03 1.7E+01 5.8E+01 5.8E+02 5.8E+01
14................................ 6.8E+01 1.1E+04 2.1E+01 6.8E+01 6.8E+02 6.8E+01
16................................ 8.6E+01 1.4E+04 2.6E+01 8.6E+01 8.6E+02 8.6E+01
18................................ 1.1E+02 1.8E+04 3.2E+01 1.1E+02 1.1E+03 1.1E+02
20................................ 1.3E+02 2.2E+04 4.0E+01 1.3E+02 1.3E+03 1.3E+02
22................................ 1.7E+02 2.8E+04 5.0E+01 1.7E+02 1.7E+03 1.7E+02
24................................ 2.2E+02 3.6E+04 6.4E+01 2.2E+02 2.2E+03 2.2E+02
26................................ 2.8E+02 4.6E+04 8.2E+01 2.8E+02 2.8E+03 2.8E+02
28................................ 3.5E+02 5.8E+04 1.0E+02 3.5E+02 3.5E+03 3.5E+02
30................................ 4.3E+02 7.6E+04 1.3E+02 4.3E+02 4.3E+03 4.3E+02
35................................ 7.2E+02 1.2E+05 2.1E+02 7.2E+02 7.2E+03 7.2E+02
40................................ 1.1E+03 1.8E+05 3.2E+02 1.1E+03 1.1E+04 1.1E+03
45................................ 1.5E+03 2.5E+05 4.6E+02 1.5E+03 1.5E+04 1.5E+03
50................................ 2.0E+03 3.3E+05 6.0E+02 2.0E+03 2.0E+04 2.0E+03
55................................ 2.6E+03 4.4E+05 7.8E+02 2.6E+03 2.6E+04 2.6E+03
60................................ 3.4E+03 5.8E+05 1.0E+03 3.4E+03 3.4E+04 3.4E+03
65................................ 4.6E+03 7.6E+05 1.4E+03 4.6E+03 4.6E+04 4.6E+03
70................................ 5.4E+03 9.0E+05 1.6E+03 5.4E+03 5.4E+04 5.4E+03
75................................ 6.4E+03 1.1E+06 1.9E+03 6.4E+03 6.4E+04 6.4E+03
80................................ 7.6E+03 1.3E+06 2.3E+03 7.6E+03 7.6E+04 7.6E+03
85................................ 9.4E+03 1.5E+06 2.8E+03 9.4E+03 9.4E+04 9.4E+03
90................................ 1.1E+04 1.8E+06 3.3E+03 1.1E+04 1.1E+05 1.1E+04
95................................ 1.3E+04 2.2E+06 3.9E+03 1.3E+04 1.3E+05 1.3E+04
100............................... 1.5E+04 2.6E+06 4.6E+03 1.5E+04 1.5E+05 1.5E+04
105............................... 1.8E+04 3.0E+06 5.4E+03 1.8E+04 1.8E+05 1.8E+04
110............................... 2.2E+04 3.6E+06 6.6E+03 2.2E+04 2.2E+05 2.2E+04
115............................... 2.6E+04 4.4E+06 7.8E+03 2.6E+04 2.6E+05 2.6E+04
120............................... 3.1E+04 5.0E+06 9.2E+03 3.1E+04 3.1E+05 3.1E+04
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table I-C--Tier I and Tier II Feed Rate and Emissions Screening Limits for Noncarcinogenic Metals for Facilities in Complex Terrain
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Values for urban and rural areas
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Terrain adjusted eff. stack ht.
(m) Antimony (g/hr) Barium (g/hr) Lead (g/hr) Mercury (g/hr) Silver (g/hr) Thallium (g/hr)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4................................. 1.4E+01 2.4E+03 4.3E+00 1.4E+01 1.4E+02 1.4E+01
6................................. 2.1E+01 3.5E+03 6.2E+00 2.1E+01 2.1E+02 2.1E+01
8................................. 3.0E+01 5.0E+03 9.2E+00 3.0E+01 3.0E+02 3.0E+01
[[Page 55]]
10................................ 4.3E+01 7.6E+03 1.3E+01 4.3E+01 4.3E+02 4.3E+01
12................................ 5.4E+01 9.0E+03 1.7E+01 5.4E+01 5.4E+02 5.4E+01
14................................ 6.8E+01 1.1E+04 2.0E+01 6.8E+01 6.8E+02 6.8E+01
16................................ 7.8E+01 1.3E+04 2.4E+01 7.8E+01 7.8E+02 7.8E+01
18................................ 8.6E+01 1.4E+04 2.6E+01 8.6E+01 8.6E+02 8.6E+01
20................................ 9.6E+01 1.6E+04 2.9E+01 9.6E+01 9.6E+02 9.6E+01
22................................ 1.0E+02 1.8E+04 3.2E+01 1.0E+02 1.0E+03 1.0E+02
24................................ 1.2E+02 1.9E+04 3.5E+01 1.2E+02 1.2E+03 1.2E+02
26................................ 1.3E+02 2.2E+04 3.6E+01 1.3E+02 1.3E+03 1.3E+02
28................................ 1.4E+02 2.4E+04 4.3E+01 1.4E+02 1.4E+03 1.4E+02
30................................ 1.6E+02 2.7E+04 4.6E+01 1.6E+02 1.6E+03 1.6E+02
35................................ 2.0E+02 3.3E+04 5.8E+01 2.0E+02 2.0E+03 2.0E+02
40................................ 2.4E+02 4.0E+04 7.2E+01 2.4E+02 2.4E+03 2.4E+02
45................................ 3.0E+02 5.0E+04 9.0E+01 3.0E+02 3.0E+03 3.0E+02
50................................ 3.6E+02 6.0E+04 1.1E+02 3.6E+02 3.6E+03 3.6E+02
55................................ 4.6E+02 7.6E+04 1.4E+02 4.6E+02 4.6E+03 4.6E+02
60................................ 5.8E+02 9.4E+04 1.7E+02 5.8E+02 5.8E+03 5.8E+02
65................................ 6.8E+02 1.1E+05 2.1E+02 6.8E+02 6.8E+03 6.8E+02
70................................ 7.8E+02 1.3E+05 2.4E+02 7.8E+02 7.8E+03 7.8E+02
75................................ 8.6E+02 1.4E+05 2.6E+02 8.6E+02 8.6E+03 8.6E+02
80................................ 9.6E+02 1.6E+05 2.9E+02 9.6E+02 9.6E+03 9.6E+02
85................................ 1.1E+03 1.8E+05 3.3E+02 1.1E+03 1.1E+04 1.1E+03
90................................ 1.2E+03 2.0E+05 3.6E+02 1.2E+03 1.2E+04 1.2E+03
95................................ 1.4E+03 2.3E+05 4.0E+02 1.4E+03 1.4E+04 1.4E+03
100............................... 1.5E+03 2.6E+05 4.6E+02 1.5E+03 1.5E+04 1.5E+03
105............................... 1.7E+03 2.8E+05 5.0E+02 1.7E+03 1.7E+04 1.7E+03
110............................... 1.9E+03 3.2E+05 5.8E+02 1.9E+03 1.9E+04 1.9E+03
115............................... 2.1E+03 3.6E+05 6.4E+02 2.1E+03 2.1E+04 2.1E+03
120............................... 2.4E+03 4.0E+05 7.2E+02 2.4E+03 2.4E+04 2.4E+03
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table I-D--Tier I and Tier II Feed Rate and Emissions Screening Limits for Carcinogenic Metals for Facilities in Noncomplex Terrain
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Values for use in urban areas Values for use in rural areas
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Terrain adjusted eff. stack ht.
(m) Arsenic (g/hr) Cadmium (g/hr) Chromium (g/hr) Beryllium (g/hr) Arsenic (g/hr) Cadmium (g/hr) Chromium (g/hr) Beryllium (g/hr)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4............................... 4.6E-01 1.1E+00 1.7E-01 8.2E-01 2.4E-01 5.8E-01 8.6E-02 4.3E-01
6............................... 5.4E-01 1.3E+00 1.9E-01 9.4E-01 2.8E-01 6.6E-01 1.0E-01 5.0E-01
8............................... 6.0E-01 1.4E+00 2.2E-01 1.1E+00 3.2E-01 7.6E-01 1.1E-01 5.6E-01
10.............................. 6.8E-01 1.6E+00 2.4E-01 1.2E+00 3.6E-01 8.6E-01 1.3E-01 6.4E-01
12.............................. 7.6E-01 1.8E+00 2.7E-01 1.4E+00 4.3E-01 1.1E+00 1.6E-01 7.8E-01
14.............................. 8.6E-01 2.1E+00 3.1E-01 1.5E+00 5.4E-01 1.3E+00 2.0E-01 9.6E-01
16.............................. 9.6E-01 2.3E+00 3.5E-01 1.7E+00 6.8E-01 1.6E+00 2.4E-01 1.2E+00
18.............................. 1.1E+00 2.6E+00 4.0E-01 2.0E+00 8.2E-01 2.0E+00 3.0E-01 1.5E+00
20.............................. 1.2E+00 3.0E+00 4.4E-01 2.2E+00 1.0E+00 2.5E+00 3.7E-01 1.9E+00
22.............................. 1.4E+00 3.4E+00 5.0E-01 2.5E+00 1.3E+00 3.2E+00 4.8E-01 2.4E+00
24.............................. 1.6E+00 3.9E+00 5.8E-01 2.8E+00 1.7E+00 4.0E+00 6.0E-01 3.0E+00
26.............................. 1.8E+00 4.3E+00 6.4E-01 3.2E+00 2.1E+00 5.0E+00 7.6E-01 3.9E+00
[[Page 56]]
28.............................. 2.0E+00 4.8E+00 7.2E-01 3.6E+00 2.7E+00 6.4E+00 9.8E-01 5.0E+00
30.............................. 2.3E+00 5.4E+00 8.2E-01 4.0E+00 3.5E+00 8.2E+00 1.2E+00 6.2E+00
35.............................. 3.0E+00 6.8E+00 1.0E+00 5.4E+00 5.4E+00 1.3E+01 1.9E+00 9.6E+00
40.............................. 3.6E+00 9.0E+00 1.3E+00 6.8E+00 8.2E+00 2.0E+01 3.0E+00 1.5E+01
45.............................. 4.6E+00 1.1E+01 1.7E+00 8.6E+00 1.1E+01 2.8E+01 4.2E+00 2.1E+01
50.............................. 6.0E+00 1.4E+01 2.2E+00 1.1E+01 1.5E+01 3.7E+01 5.4E+00 2.8E+01
55.............................. 7.6E+00 1.8E+01 2.7E+00 1.4E+01 2.0E+01 5.0E+01 7.2E+00 3.6E+01
60.............................. 9.4E+00 2.2E+01 3.4E+00 1.7E+01 2.7E+01 6.4E+01 9.6E+00 4.8E+01
65.............................. 1.1E+01 2.8E+01 4.2E+00 2.1E+01 3.6E+01 8.6E+01 1.3E+01 6.4E+01
70.............................. 1.3E+01 3.1E+01 4.6E+00 2.4E+01 4.3E+01 1.0E+02 1.5E+01 7.6E+01
75.............................. 1.5E+01 3.6E+01 5.4E+00 2.7E+01 5.0E+01 1.2E+02 1.8E+01 9.0E+01
80.............................. 1.7E+01 4.0E+01 6.0E+00 3.0E+01 6.0E+01 1.4E+02 2.2E+01 1.1E+02
85.............................. 1.9E+01 4.6E+01 6.8E+00 3.4E+01 7.2E+01 1.7E+02 2.6E+01 1.3E+02
90.............................. 2.2E+01 5.0E+01 7.8E+00 3.9E+01 8.6E+01 2.0E+02 3.0E+01 1.5E+02
95.............................. 2.5E+01 5.8E+01 9.0E+00 4.4E+01 1.0E+02 2.4E+02 3.6E+01 1.8E+02
100............................. 2.8E+01 6.8E+01 1.0E+01 5.0E+01 1.2E+02 2.9E+02 4.3E+01 2.2E+02
105............................. 3.2E+01 7.6E+01 1.1E+01 5.6E+01 1.4E+02 3.4E+02 5.0E+01 2.6E+02
110............................. 3.6E+01 8.6E+01 1.3E+01 6.4E+01 1.7E+02 4.0E+02 6.0E+01 3.0E+02
115............................. 4.0E+01 9.6E+01 1.5E+01 7.2E+01 2.0E+02 4.8E+02 7.2E+01 3.6E+02
120............................. 4.6E+01 1.1E+02 1.7E+01 8.2E+01 2.4E+02 5.8E+02 8.6E+01 4.3E+02
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table I-E--Tier I and Tier II Feed Rate and Emissions Screening Limits for Carcinogenic Metals for Facilities in Complex Terrain
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Values for use in urban and rural areas
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Terrain adjusted eff. stack
ht. (m) Arsenic (g/hr) Cadmium (g/hr) Chromium (g/hr) Beryllium (g/hr)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4............................. 1.1E-01 2.6E-01 4.0E-02 2.0E-01
6............................. 1.6E-01 3.9E-01 5.8E-02 2.9E-01
8............................. 2.4E-01 5.8E-01 8.6E-02 4.3E-01
10............................ 3.5E-01 8.2E-01 1.3E-01 6.2E-01
12............................ 4.3E-01 1.0E+00 1.5E-01 7.6E-01
14............................ 5.0E-01 1.3E+00 1.9E-01 9.4E-01
16............................ 6.0E-01 1.4E+00 2.2E-01 1.1E+00
18............................ 6.8E-01 1.6E+00 2.4E-01 1.2E+00
20............................ 7.6E-01 1.8E+00 2.7E-01 1.3E+00
22............................ 8.2E-01 1.9E+00 3.0E-01 1.5E+00
24............................ 9.0E-01 2.1E+00 3.3E-01 1.6E+00
26............................ 1.0E+00 2.4E+00 3.6E-01 1.8E+00
28............................ 1.1E+00 2.7E+00 4.0E-01 2.0E+00
30............................ 1.2E+00 3.0E+00 4.4E-01 2.2E+00
35............................ 1.5E+00 3.7E+00 5.4E-01 2.7E+00
[[Page 57]]
40............................ 1.9E+00 4.6E+00 6.8E-01 3.4E+00
45............................ 2.4E+00 5.4E+00 8.4E-01 4.2E+00
50............................ 2.9E+00 6.8E+00 1.0E+00 5.0E+00
55............................ 3.5E+00 8.4E+00 1.3E+00 6.4E+00
60............................ 4.3E+00 1.0E+01 1.5E+00 7.8E+00
65............................ 5.4E+00 1.3E+01 1.9E+00 9.6E+00
70............................ 6.0E+00 1.4E+01 2.2E+00 1.1E+01
75............................ 6.8E+00 1.6E+01 2.4E+00 1.2E+01
80............................ 7.6E+00 1.8E+01 2.7E+00 1.3E+01
85............................ 8.2E+00 2.0E+01 3.0E+00 1.5E+01
90............................ 9.4E+00 2.3E+01 3.4E+00 1.7E+01
95............................ 1.0E+01 2.5E+01 4.0E+00 1.9E+01
100........................... 1.2E+01 2.8E+01 4.3E+00 2.1E+01
105........................... 1.3E+01 3.2E+01 4.8E+00 2.4E+01
110........................... 1.5E+01 3.5E+01 5.4E+00 2.7E+01
115........................... 1.7E+01 4.0E+01 6.0E+00 3.0E+01
120........................... 1.9E+01 4.4E+01 6.4E+00 3.3E+01
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[56 FR 7228, Feb. 21, 1991; 56 FR 32690, July 17, 1991]
[[Page 58]]
Appendix II to Part 266--Tier I Feed Rate Screening Limits for Total Chlorine
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Noncomplex Terrain Complex Terrain
Terrain-adjusted effective stack -------------------------------------------------------------------------
height (m) Urban (g/hr) Rural (g/hr) (g/hr)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4..................................... 8.2E+01................ 4.2E+01................ 1.9E+01
6..................................... 9.1E+01................ 4.8E+01................ 2.8E+01
8..................................... 1.0E+02................ 5.3E+01................ 4.1E+01
10.................................... 1.2E+02................ 6.2E+01................ 5.8E+01
12.................................... 1.3E+02................ 7.7E+01................ 7.2E+01
14.................................... 1.5E+02................ 9.1E+01................ 9.1E+01
16.................................... 1.7E+02................ 1.2E+02................ 1.1E+02
18.................................... 1.9E+02................ 1.4E+02................ 1.2E+02
20.................................... 2.1E+02................ 1.8E+02................ 1.3E+02
22.................................... 2.4E+02................ 2.3E+02................ 1.4E+02
24.................................... 2.7E+02................ 2.9E+02................ 1.6E+02
26.................................... 3.1E+02................ 3.7E+02................ 1.7E+02
28.................................... 3.5E+02................ 4.7E+02................ 1.9E+02
30.................................... 3.9E+02................ 5.8E+02................ 2.1E+02
35.................................... 5.3E+02................ 9.6E+02................ 2.6E+02
40.................................... 6.2E+02................ 1.4E+03................ 3.3E+02
45.................................... 8.2E+02................ 2.0E+03................ 4.0E+02
50.................................... 1.1E+03................ 2.6E+03................ 4.8E+02
55.................................... 1.3E+03................ 3.5E+03................ 6.2E+02
60.................................... 1.6E+03................ 4.6E+03................ 7.7E+02
65.................................... 2.0E+03................ 6.2E+03................ 9.1E+02
70.................................... 2.3E+03................ 7.2E+03................ 1.1E+03
75.................................... 2.5E+03................ 8.6E+03................ 1.2E+03
80.................................... 2.9E+03................ 1.0E+04................ 1.3E+03
85.................................... 3.3E+03................ 1.2E+04................ 1.4E+03
90.................................... 3.7E+03................ 1.4E+04................ 1.6E+03
95.................................... 4.2E+03................ 1.7E+04................ 1.8E+03
100................................... 4.8E+03................ 2.1E+04................ 2.0E+03
105................................... 5.3E+03................ 2.4E+04................ 2.3E+03
110................................... 6.2E+03................ 2.9E+04................ 2.5E+03
115................................... 7.2E+03................ 3.5E+04................ 2.8E+03
120................................... 8.2E+03................ 4.1E+04................ 3.2E+03
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[56 FR 32690, July 17, 1991]
Appendix III to Part 266--Tier II Emission Rate Screening Limits for Free Chlorine and Hydrogen Chloride
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Noncomplex terrain Complex terrain
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Terrain-adjusted effective stack Values for urban areas Values for rural areas Values for use in urban and rural
height (m) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- areas
--------------------------------------
C12 (g/hr) HC1 (g/hr) C12 (g/hr) HC1 (g/hr) C12 (g/hr) HC1 (g/hr)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4................................ 8.2E+01........... 1.4E+03........... 4.2E+01........... 7.3E+02........... 1.9E+01........... 3.3E+02
6................................ 9.1E+01........... 1.6E+03........... 4.8E+01........... 8.3E+02........... 2.8E+01........... 4.9E+02
8................................ 1.0E+02........... 1.8E+03........... 5.3E+01........... 9.2E+02........... 4.1E+01........... 7.1E+02
10............................... 1.2E+02........... 2.0E+03........... 6.2E+01........... 1.1E+03........... 5.8E+01........... 1.0E+03
12............................... 1.3E+02........... 2.3E+03........... 7.7E+01........... 1.3E+03........... 7.2E+01........... 1.3E+03
14............................... 1.5E+02........... 2.6E+03........... 9.1E+01........... 1.6E+03........... 9.1E+01........... 1.6E+03
16............................... 1.7E+02........... 2.9E+03........... 1.2E+02........... 2.0E+03........... 1.1E+02........... 1.8E+03
18............................... 1.9E+02........... 3.3E+03........... 1.4E+02........... 2.5E+03........... 1.2E+02........... 2.0E+03
20............................... 2.1E+02........... 3.7E+03........... 1.8E+02........... 3.1E+03........... 1.3E+02........... 2.3E+03
22............................... 2.4E+02........... 4.2E+03........... 2.3E+02........... 3.9E+03........... 1.4E+02........... 2.4E+03
24............................... 2.7E+02........... 4.8E+03........... 2.9E+02........... 5.0E+03........... 1.6E+02........... 2.8E+03
26............................... 3.1E+02........... 5.4E+03........... 3.7E+02........... 6.5E+03........... 1.7E+02........... 3.0E+03
28............................... 3.5E+02........... 6.0E+03........... 4.7E+02........... 8.1E+03........... 1.9E+02........... 3.4E+03
30............................... 3.9E+02........... 6.9E+03........... 5.8E+02........... 1.0E+04........... 2.1E+02........... 3.7E+03
35............................... 5.3E+02........... 9.2E+03........... 9.6E+02........... 1.7E+04........... 2.6E+02........... 4.6E+03
40............................... 6.2E+02........... 1.1E+04........... 1.4E+03........... 2.5E+04........... 3.3E+02........... 5.7E+03
45............................... 8.2E+02........... 1.4E+04........... 2.0E+03........... 3.5E+04........... 4.0E+02........... 7.0E+03
50............................... 1.1E+03........... 1.8E+04........... 2.6E+03........... 4.6E+04........... 4.8E+02........... 8.4E+03
55............................... 1.3E+03........... 2.3E+04........... 3.5E+03........... 6.1E+04........... 6.2E+02........... 1.1E+04
60............................... 1.6E+03........... 2.9E+04........... 4.6E+03........... 8.1E+04........... 7.7E+02........... 1.3E+04
65............................... 2.0E+03........... 3.4E+04........... 6.2E+03........... 1.1E+05........... 9.1E+02........... 1.6E+04
[[Page 59]]
70............................... 2.3E+03........... 3.9E+04........... 7.2E+03........... 1.3E+05........... 1.1E+03........... 1.8E+04
75............................... 2.5E+03........... 4.5E+04........... 8.6E+03........... 1.5E+05........... 1.2E+03........... 2.0E+04
80............................... 2.9E+03........... 5.0E+04........... 1.0E+04........... 1.8E+05........... 1.3E+03........... 2.3E+04
85............................... 3.3E+03........... 5.8E+04........... 1.2E+04........... 2.2E+05........... 1.4E+03........... 2.5E+04
90............................... 3.7E+03........... 6.6E+04........... 1.4E+04........... 2.5E+05........... 1.6E+03........... 2.9E+04
95............................... 4.2E+03........... 7.4E+04........... 1.7E+04........... 3.0E+05........... 1.8E+03........... 3.2E+04
100.............................. 4.8E+03........... 8.4E+04........... 2.1E+04........... 3.6E+05........... 2.0E+03........... 3.5E+04
105.............................. 5.3E+03........... 9.2E+04........... 2.4E+04........... 4.3E+05........... 2.3E+03........... 3.9E+04
110.............................. 6.2E+03........... 1.1E+05........... 2.9E+04........... 5.1E+05........... 2.5E+03........... 4.5E+04
115.............................. 7.2E+03........... 1.3E+05........... 3.5E+04........... 6.1E+05........... 2.8E+03........... 5.0E+04
120.............................. 8.2E+03........... 1.4E+05........... 4.1E+04........... 7.2E+05........... 3.2E+03........... 5.6E+04
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[56 FR 32691, July 17, 1991]
Appendix IV to Part 266--Reference Air Concentrations*
------------------------------------------------------------------------
RAC (ug/
Constituent CAS No. m\3\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acetaldehyde................................... 75-07-0 10
Acetonitrile................................... 75-05-8 10
Acetophenone................................... 98-86-2 100
Acrolein....................................... 107-02-8 20
Aldicarb....................................... 116-06-3 1
Aluminum Phosphide............................. 20859-73-8 0.3
Allyl Alcohol.................................. 107-18-6 5
Antimony....................................... 7440-36-0 0.3
Barium......................................... 7440-39-3 50
Barium Cyanide................................. 542-62-1 50
Bromomethane................................... 74-83-9 0.8
Calcium Cyanide................................ 592-01-8 30
Carbon Disulfide............................... 75-15-0 200
Chloral........................................ 75-87-6 2
Chlorine (free)................................ ............ 0.4
2-Chloro-1,3-butadiene......................... 126-99-8 3
Chromium III................................... 16065-83-1 1000
Copper Cyanide................................. 544-92-3 5
Cresols........................................ 1319-77-3 50
Cumene......................................... 98-82-8 1
Cyanide (free)................................. 57-12-15 20
Cyanogen....................................... 460-19-5 30
Cyanogen Bromide............................... 506-68-3 80
Di-n-butyl Phthalate........................... 84-74-2 100
o-Dichlorobenzene.............................. 95-50-1 10
p-Dichlorobenzene.............................. 106-46-7 10
Dichlorodifluoromethane........................ 75-71-8 200
2,4-Dichlorophenol............................. 120-83-2 3
Diethyl Phthalate.............................. 84-66-2 800
Dimethoate..................................... 60-51-5 0.8
2,4-Dinitrophenol.............................. 51-28-5 2
Dinoseb........................................ 88-85-7 0.9
Diphenylamine.................................. 122-39-4 20
Endosulfan..................................... 115-29-1 0.05
Endrin......................................... 72-20-8 0.3
Fluorine....................................... 7782-41-4 50
Formic Acid.................................... 64-18-6 2000
Glycidyaldehyde................................ 765-34-4 0.3
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene...................... 77-47-4 5
Hexachlorophene................................ 70-30-4 0.3
Hydrocyanic Acid............................... 74-90-8 20
Hydrogen Chloride.............................. 7647-01-1 7
Hydrogen Sulfide............................... 7783-06-4 3
Isobutyl Alcohol............................... 78-83-1 300
Lead........................................... 7439-92-1 0.09
Maleic Anyhdride............................... 108-31-6 100
Mercury........................................ 7439-97-6 0.3
Methacrylonitrile.............................. 126-98-7 0.1
Methomyl....................................... 16752-77-5 20
Methoxychlor................................... 72-43-5 50
Methyl Chlorocarbonate......................... 79-22-1 1000
Methyl Ethyl Ketone............................ 78-93-3 80
Methyl Parathion............................... 298-00-0 0.3
Nickel Cyanide................................. 557-19-7 20
Nitric Oxide................................... 10102-43-9 100
Nitrobenzene................................... 98-95-3 0.8
Pentachlorobenzene............................. 608-93-5 0.8
Pentachlorophenol.............................. 87-86-5 30
Phenol......................................... 108-95-2 30
M-Phenylenediamine............................. 108-45-2 5
Phenylmercuric Acetate......................... 62-38-4 0.075
Phosphine...................................... 7803-51-2 0.3
Phthalic Anhydride............................. 85-44-9 2000
Potassium Cyanide.............................. 151-50-8 50
Potassium Silver Cyanide....................... 506-61-6 200
Pyridine....................................... 110-86-1 1
Selenious Acid................................. 7783-60-8 3
Selenourea..................................... 630-10-4 5
Silver......................................... 7440-22-4 3
Silver Cyanide................................. 506-64-9 100
Sodium Cyanide................................. 143-33-9 30
Strychnine..................................... 57-24-9 0.3
1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene..................... 95-94-3 0.3
2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol...................... 58-90-2 30
Tetraethyl Lead................................ 78-00-2 0.0001
Tetrahydrofuran................................ 109-99-9 10
Thallic Oxide.................................. 1314-32-5 0.3
Thallium....................................... 7440-28-0 0.5
Thallium (I) Acetate........................... 563-68-8 0.5
Thallium (I) Carbonate......................... 6533-73-9 0.3
Thallium (I) Chloride.......................... 7791-12-0 0.3
Thallium (I) Nitrate........................... 10102-45-1 0.5
Thallium Selenite.............................. 12039-52-0 0.5
Thallium (I) Sulfate........................... 7446-18-6 0.075
Thiram......................................... 137-26-8 5
Toluene........................................ 108-88-3 300
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene......................... 120-82-1 20
Trichloromonofluoromethane..................... 75-69-4 300
[[Page 60]]
2.4.5-Trichlorophenol.......................... 95-95-4 100
Vanadium Pentoxide............................. 1314-62-1 20
Warfarin....................................... 81-81-2 0.3
Xylenes........................................ 1330-20-7 80
Zinc Cyanide................................... 557-21-1 50
Zinc Phosphide................................. 1314-84-7 0.3
------------------------------------------------------------------------
*The RAC for other appendix VIII part 261 constituents not listed herein
or in appendix V of this part is 0.1 ug/m\3\.
[56 FR 7232, Feb. 21, 1991; 56 FR 32691, July 17, 1991]
Appendix V to Part 266--Risk Specific Doses (10-5)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unit risk (m3/
Constituent CAS No. ug) RsD (ug/m3)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acrylamide......................................................... 79-06-1 1.3E-03 7.7E-03
Acrylonitrile...................................................... 107-13-1 6.8E-05 1.5E-01
Aldrin............................................................. 309-00-2 4.9E-03 2.0E-03
Aniline............................................................ 62-53-3 7.4E-06 1.4E+00
Arsenic............................................................ 7440-38-2 4.3E-03 2.3E-03
Benz(a)anthracene.................................................. 56-55-3 8.9E-04 1.1E-02
Benxene............................................................ 71-43-2 8.3E-06 1.2E+00
Benzidine.......................................................... 92-87-5 6.7E-02 1.5E-04
Benzo(a)pyrene..................................................... 50-32-8 3.3E-03 3.0E-03
Beryllium.......................................................... 7440-41-7 2.4E-03 4.2E-03
Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether............................................ 111-44-4 3.3E-04 3.0E-02
Bis(chloromethyl)ether............................................. 542-88-1 6.2E-02 1.6E-04
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate........................................ 117-81-7 2.4E-07 4.2E+01
1,3-Butadiene...................................................... 106-99-0 2.8E-04 3.6E-02
Cadmium............................................................ 7440-43-9 1.8E-03 5.6E-03
Carbon Tetrachloride............................................... 56-23-5 1.5E-05 6.7E-01
Chlordane.......................................................... 57-74-9 3.7E-04 2.7E-02
Chloroform......................................................... 67-66-3 2.3E-05 4.3E-01
Chloromethane...................................................... 74-87-3 3.6E-06 2.8E+00
Chromium VI........................................................ 7440-47-3 1.2E-02 8.3E-04
DDT................................................................ 50-29-3 9.7E-05 1.0E-01
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene.............................................. 53-70-3 1.4E-02 7.1E-04
1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane........................................ 96-12-8 6.3E-03 1.6E-03
1,2-Dibromoethane.................................................. 106-93-4 2.2E-04 4.5E-02
1,1-Dichloroethane................................................. 75-34-3 2.6E-05 3.8E-01
1,2-Dichloroethane................................................. 107-06-2 2.6E-05 3.8E-01
1,1-Dichloroethylene............................................... 75-35-4 5.0E-05 2.0E-01
1,3-Dichloropropene................................................ 542-75-6 3.5E-01 2.9E-05
Dieldrin........................................................... 60-57-1 4.6E-03 2.2E-03
Diethylstilbestrol................................................. 56-53-1 1.4E-01 7.1E-05
Dimethylnitrosamine................................................ 62-75-9 1.4E-02 7.1E-04
2,4-Dinitrotoluene................................................. 121-14-2 8.8E-05 1.1E-01
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine.............................................. 122-66-7 2.2E-04 4.5E-02
1,4-Dioxane........................................................ 123-91-1 1.4E-06 7.1E+00
Epichlorohydrin.................................................... 106-89-8 1.2E-06 8.3E+00
Ethylene Oxide..................................................... 75-21-8 1.0E-04 1.0E-01
Ethylene Dibromide................................................. 106-93-4 2.2E-04 4.5E-02
Formaldehyde....................................................... 50-00-0 1.3E-05 7.7E-01
Heptachlor......................................................... 76-44-8 1.3E-03 7.7E-03
Heptachlor Epoxide................................................. 1024-57-3 2.6E-03 3.8E-03
Hexachlorobenzene.................................................. 118-74-1 4.9E-04 2.0E-02
Hexachlorobutadiene................................................ 87-68-3 2.0E-05 5.0E-01
Alpha-hexachloro-cyclohexane....................................... 319-84-6 1.8E-03 5.6E-03
Beta-hexachloro-cyclohexane........................................ 319-85-7 5.3E-04 1.9E-02
Gamma-hexachloro-cyclohexane....................................... 58-89-9 3.8E-04 2.6E-02
Hexachlorocyclo-hexane, Technical.................................. ........... 5.1E-04 2.0E-02
Hexachlorodibenxo-p-dioxin(1,2 Mixture)............................ ........... 1.3E+0 7.7E-06
Hexachloroethane................................................... 67-72-1 4.0E-06 2.5E+00
Hydrazine.......................................................... 302-01-2 2.9E-03 3.4E-03
Hydrazine Sulfate.................................................. 302-01-2 2.9E-03 3.4E-03
3-Methylcholanthrene............................................... 56-49-5 2.7E-03 3.7E-03
Methyl Hydrazine................................................... 60-34-4 3.1E-04 3.2E-02
Methylene Chloride................................................. 75-09-2 4.1E-06 2.4E+00
4,4'-Methylene-bis-2-chloroaniline................................. 101-14-4 4.7E-05 2.1E-01
Nickel............................................................. 7440-02-0 2.4E-04 4.2E-02
Nickel Refinery Dust............................................... 7440-02-0 2.4E-04 4.2E-02
Nickel Subsulfide.................................................. 12035-72-2 4.8E-04 2.1E-02
[[Page 61]]
2-Nitropropane..................................................... 79-46-9 2.7E-02 3.7E-04
N-Nitroso-n-butylamine............................................. 924-16-3 1.6E-03 6.3E-03
N-Nitroso-n-methylurea............................................. 684-93-5 8.6E-02 1.2E-04
N-Nitrosodiethylamine.............................................. 55-18-5 4.3E-02 2.3E-04
N-Nitrosopyrrolidine............................................... 930-55-2 6.1E-04 1.6E-02
Pentachloronitrobenzene............................................ 82-68-8 7.3E-05 1.4E-01
PCBs............................................................... 1336-36-3 1.2E-03 8.3E-03
Pronamide.......................................................... 23950-58-5 4.6E-06 2.2E+00
Reserpine.......................................................... 50-55-5 3.0E-03 3.3E-03
2,3,7,8-Tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin............................... 1746-01-6 4.5E+01 2.2E-07
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane.......................................... 79-34-5 5.8E-05 1.7E-01
Tetrachloroethylene................................................ 127-18-4 4.8E-07 2.1E+01
Thiourea........................................................... 62-56-6 5.5E-04 1.8E-02
1,1,2-Trichloroethane.............................................. 79-00-5 1.6E-05 6.3E-01
Trichloroethylene.................................................. 79-01-6 1.3E-06 7.7E+00
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol.............................................. 88-06-2 5.7E-06 1.8E+00
Toxaphene.......................................................... 8001-35-2 3.2E-04 3.1E-02
Vinyl Chloride..................................................... 75-01-4 7.1E-06 1.4E+00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[56 FR 7232, Feb. 21, 1991]
Appendix VI to Part 266--Stack Plume Rise
[Estimated Plume Rise (in Meters) Based on Stack Exit Flow Rate and Gas Temperature]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Exhaust Temperature (K)
Flow rate (m3/s) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<325 325-349 350-399 400-449 450-499 500-599 600-699 700-799 800-999 1000-1499 >1499
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<0.5................................................ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0.5-0.9............................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
1.0-1.9............................................. 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 3 3 3 4
2.0-2.9............................................. 0 0 1 3 4 4 6 6 7 8 9
3.0-3.9............................................. 0 1 2 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13
4.0-4.9............................................. 1 2 4 6 8 10 12 13 14 15 17
5.0-7.4............................................. 2 3 5 8 10 12 14 16 17 19 21
7.5-9.9............................................. 3 5 8 12 15 17 20 22 22 23 24
10.0-12.4........................................... 4 6 10 15 19 21 23 24 25 26 27
12.5-14.9........................................... 4 7 12 18 22 23 25 26 27 28 29
15.0-19.9........................................... 5 8 13 20 23 24 26 27 28 29 31
20.0-24.9........................................... 6 10 17 23 25 27 29 30 31 32 34
25.0-29.9........................................... 7 12 20 25 27 29 31 32 33 35 36
30.0-34.9........................................... 8 14 22 26 29 31 33 35 36 37 39
35.0-39.9........................................... 9 16 23 28 30 32 35 36 37 39 41
40.0-49.9........................................... 10 17 24 29 32 34 36 38 39 41 42
50.0-59.9........................................... 12 21 26 31 34 36 39 41 42 44 46
60.0-69.9........................................... 14 22 27 33 36 39 42 43 45 47 49
70.0-79.9........................................... 16 23 29 35 38 41 44 46 47 49 51
80.0-89.9........................................... 17 25 30 36 40 42 46 48 49 51 54
90.0-99.9........................................... 19 26 31 38 42 44 48 50 51 53 56
100.0-119.9......................................... 21 26 32 39 43 46 49 52 53 55 58
120.0-139.9......................................... 22 28 35 42 46 49 52 55 56 59 61
140.0-159.9......................................... 23 30 36 44 48 51 55 58 59 62 65
160.0-179.9......................................... 25 31 38 46 50 54 58 60 62 65 67
180.0-199.9......................................... 26 32 40 48 52 56 60 63 65 67 70
>199.9.............................................. 26 33 41 49 54 58 62 65 67 69 73
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[56 FR 7233, Feb. 21, 1991]
[[Page 62]]
Appendix VII to Part 266--Health-Based Limits for Exclusion of Waste-
Derived Residues*
Metals--TCLP Extract Concentration Limits
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Concentration limits
Constituent CAS No. (mg/L)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Antimony............................ 7440-36-0 1xE+00
Arsenic............................. 7440-38-2 5xE+00
Barium.............................. 7440-39-3 1xE+02
Beryllium........................... 7440-41-7 7xE-03
Cadmium............................. 7440-43-9 1xE+00
Chromium............................ 7440-47-3 5xE+00
Lead................................ 7439-92-1 5xE+00
Mercury............................. 7439-97-6 2xE-01
Nickel.............................. 7440-02-0 7xE+01
Selenium............................ 7782-49-2 1xE+00
Silver.............................. 7440-22-4 5xE+00
Thallium............................ 7440-28-0 7xE+00
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nonmetals--Residue Concentration Limits
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Concentration limits
Constituent CAS No. for residues (mg/kg)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acetonitrile........................ 75-05-8 2xE-01
Acetophenone........................ 98-86-2 4xE+00
Acrolein............................ 107-02-8 5xE-01
Acrylamide.......................... 79-06-1 2xE-04
Acrylonitrile....................... 107-13-1 7xE-04
Aldrin.............................. 309-00-2 2xE-05
Allyl alcohol....................... 107-18-6 2xE-01
Aluminum phosphide.................. 20859-73-8 1xE-02
Aniline............................. 62-53-3 6xE-02
Barium cyanide...................... 542-62-1 1xE+00
Benz(a)anthracene................... 56-55-3 1xE-04
Benzene............................. 71-43-2 5xE-03
Benzidine........................... 92-87-5 1xE-06
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether............ 111-44-4 3xE-04
Bis(chloromethyl) ether............. 542-88-1 2xE-06
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate......... 117-81-7 3xE+01
Bromoform........................... 75-25-2 7xE-01
Calcium cyanide..................... 592-01-8 1xE-06
Carbon disulfide.................... 75-15-0 4xE+00
Carbon tetrachloride................ 56-23-5 5xE-03
Chlordane........................... 57-74-9 3xE-04
Chlorobenzene....................... 108-90-7 1xE+00
Chloroform.......................... 67-66-3 6xE-02
Copper cyanide...................... 544-92-3 2xE-01
Cresols (Cresylic acid)............. 1319-77-3 2xE+00
Cyanogen............................ 460-19-5 1xE+00
DDT................................. 50-29-3 1xE-03
Dibenz(a, h)-anthracene............. 53-70-3 7xE-06
1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane......... 96-12-8 2xE-05
p-Dichlorobenzene................... 106-46-7 7.5xE-02
Dichlorodifluoromethane............. 75-71-8 7xE+00
1,1-Dichloroethylene................ 75-35-4 5xE-03
2,4-Dichlorophenol.................. 120-83-2 1xE-01
1,3-Dichloropropene................. 542-75-6 1xE-03
Dieldrin............................ 60-57-1 2xE-05
Diethyl phthalate................... 84-66-2 3xE+01
Diethylstilbesterol................. 56-53-1 7xE-07
Dimethoate.......................... 60-51-5 3xE-02
2,4-Dinitrotoluene.................. 121-14-2 5xE-04
Diphenylamine....................... 122-39-4 9xE-01
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine............... 122-66-7 5xE-04
Endosulfan.......................... 115-29-7 2xE-03
Endrin.............................. 72-20-8 2xE-04
Epichlorohydrin..................... 106-89-8 4xE-02
Ethylene dibromide.................. 106-93-4 4xE-07
Ethylene oxide...................... 75-21-8 3xE-04
Fluorine............................ 7782-41-4 4xE+00
Formic acid......................... 64-18-6 7xE+01
Heptachlor.......................... 76-44-8 8xE-05
Heptachlor epoxide.................. 1024-57-3 4xE-05
Hexachlorobenzene................... 118-74-1 2xE-04
Hexachlorobutadiene................. 87-68-3 5xE-03
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene........... 77-47-4 2xE-01
Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins......... 19408-74-3 6xE-08
Hexachloroethane.................... 67-72-1 3xE-02
Hydrazine........................... 302-01-1 1xE-04
Hydrogen cyanide.................... 74-90-8 7xE-05
Hydrogen sulfide.................... 7783-06-4 1xE-06
Isobutyl alcohol.................... 78-83-1 1xE+01
Methomyl............................ 16752-77-5 1xE+00
Methoxychlor........................ 72-43-5 1xE-01
3-Methylcholanthrene................ 56-49-5 4xE-05
4,4'-Methylenebis (2-chloroaniline). 101-14-4 2xE-03
Methylene chloride.................. 75-09-2 5xE-02
Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK)........... 78-93-3 2xE+00
Methyl hydrazine.................... 60-34-4 3xE-04
Methyl parathion.................... 298-00-0 2xE-02
Naphthalene......................... 91-20-3 1xE+01
Nickel cyanide...................... 557-19-7 7xE-01
Nitric oxide........................ 10102-43-9 4xE+00
Nitrobenzene........................ 98-95-3 2xE-02
N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine............ 924-16-3 6xE-05
N-Nitrosodiethylamine............... 55-18-5 2xE-06
N-Nitroso-N-methylurea.............. 684-93-5 1xE-07
N-Nitrosopyrrolidine................ 930-55-2 2xE-04
Pentachlorobenzene.................. 608-93-5 3xE-02
Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB)...... 82-68-8 1xE-01
Pentachlorophenol................... 87-86-5 1xE+00
Phenol.............................. 108-95-2 1xE+00
Phenylmercury acetate............... 62-38-4 3xE-03
Phosphine........................... 7803-51-2 1xE-02
Polychlorinated biphenyls, N.O.S.... 1336-36-3 5xE-05
Potassium cyanide................... 151-50-8 2xE+00
Potassium silver cyanide............ 506-61-6 7xE+00
Pronamide........................... 23950-58-5 3xE+00
Pyridine............................ 110-86-1 4xE-02
Reserpine........................... 50-55-5 3xE-05
Selenourea.......................... 630-10-4 2xE-01
Silver cyanide...................... 506-64-9 4xE+00
Sodium cyanide...................... 143-33-9 1xE+00
Strychnine.......................... 57-24-9 1xE-02
1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene.......... 95-94-3 1xE-02
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane........... 79-34-5 2xE-03
Tetrachloroethylene................. 127-18-4 7xE-01
2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol........... 58-90-2 1xE-02
Tetraethyl lead..................... 78-00-2 4xE-06
Thiourea............................ 62-56-6 2xE-04
Toluene............................. 108-88-3 1xE+01
Toxaphene........................... 8001-35-2 5xE-03
1,1,2-Trichloroethane............... 79-00-5 6xE-03
Trichloroethylene................... 79-01-6 5xE-03
Trichloromonofluoromethane.......... 75-69-4 1xE+01
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol............... 95-95-4 4xE+00
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol............... 88-06-2 4xE+00
Vanadium pentoxide.................. 1314-62-1 7xE-01
Vinyl chloride...................... 75-01-4 2xE-03
------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Note 1: The health-based concentration limits for appendix VIII
part 261 constituents for which a health-based concentration is not
provided below is 2xE-06 mg/kg.
[[Page 63]]
Note 2: The levels specified in this appendix and the default level
of 0.002 micrograms per kilogram or the level of detection for
constituents as identified in Note 1 of this appendix are
administratively stayed under the condition, for those constituents
specified in Sec. 266.112(b)(1), that the owner or operator complies
with alternative levels defined as the land disposal restriction limits
specified in Sec. 268.43 of this chapter for FO39 nonwastewaters. See
Sec. 266.112(b)(2)(i).
[56 FR 7234, Feb. 21, 1991; 56 FR 32691, July 17, 1991, as amended at 58
FR 59603, Nov. 9, 1993]
Appendix VIII To Part 266--Organic Compounds for Which Residues Must Be
Analyzed
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Volatiles Semivolatiles
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benzene................................... Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
Toluene................................... Naphthalene
Carbon tetrachloride...................... Phenol
Chloroform................................ Diethyl phthalate
Methylene chloride........................ Butyl benzyl phthalate
Trichloroethylene......................... 2,4-Dimethylphenol
Tetra chloroethylene...................... o-Dichlorobenzene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane..................... m-Dichlorobenzene
Chlorobenzene............................. p-Dichlorobenzene
cis-1,4-Dichloro-2-butene................. Hexachlorobenzene
Bromochloromethane........................ 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Bromodichloromethane...................... Fluoranthene
Bromoform................................. o-Nitrophenol
Bromomethane.............................. 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
Methylene bromide......................... o-Chlorophenol
Methyl ethyl ketone....................... Pentachlorophenol
Pyrene
Dimethyl phthalate
Mononitrobenzene
2,6-Toluene diisocyanate
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-
dioxins \1\
Plychlorinated dibenzo-
furans \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Analyses for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated
dibenzo-furans are required only for residues collected from areas
downstream of the combustion chamber (e.g., ductwork, boiler tubes,
heat exchange surfaces, air pollution control devices, etc.).
Note to the table: Analysis is not required for those compounds that
do not have an established F039 nonwastewater concentration limit.
[64 FR 53076, Sept. 30, 1999, as amended at 64 FR 63213, Nov. 19, 1999]
Appendix IX to Part 266--Methods Manual for Compliance With the BIF
Regulations
Burning Hazardous Waste in Boilers and Industrial Furnaces
Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Performance Specifications for Continuous Emission Monitoring
Systems
2.1 Performance Specifications for Continuous Emission Monitoring
of Carbon Monoxide and Oxygen for Incinerators, Boilers, and industrial
Furnaces Burning Hazardous Waste
2.2 Performance Specifications for Continuous Emission Monitoring
of Hydrocarbons for Incinerators, Boilers, and Industrial Furnaces
3.0 Sampling and Analytical Methods
4.0 Procedure for Estimating Toxicity Equipment or Chlorinated Dibenzo-
P-Dioxin and Dibenzofuran Congeners
5.0 Hazardous Waste Combustion Air Quality Screening Procedure
6.0 Simplified Land Use Classification Procedure for Compliance With
Tier I and Tier II Limits
7.0 Statistical Methodology for Bevill Residue Determinations
8.0 Procedures for Determining Default Values for Air Pollution Control
System Removal Efficiencies
8.1 APCS RE Default Values for Metals
8.2 APCS RE Default Values for HC1 and C12
8.3 APCS RE Default Values for Ash
8.4 References
9.0 Procedures for Determining Default Values for Partitioning of
Metals, Ash, and Total Chloride/Chlorine
9.1 Partitioning Default Value for Metals
9.2 Special Procedures for Chlorine, HCl, and Cl,
9.3 Special Procedures for Ash
9.4 Use of Engineering Judgement to Estimate Partitioning and APCS
RE Values
9.5 Restrictions on Use of Test Data
10.0 Alternate Methodology for Implementing Metals Controls
10.1 Applicability
10.2 Introduction
10.3 Basis
10.4 Overviev
10.5 Implementation Procedures
10.6 Precompliance Procedures
Appendix A--Statistics
Section 1.0 Introduction
This document presents required methods for demonstrating compliance
uith U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulations for boilers and
industrial furnaces (BIFs) burning hazardous waste (see 40 CFR part 266,
subpart H). Included in this document are:
1. Performance Specifications for Continuous Emission Monitoring
(CEM) of Carbon Monoxide, Oxygen, and Hydrocarbons in Stack Gases.
2. Sampling and Analytical (S&A) Methods for Multiple Metals,
Hexavalent Chromium, HCl and Chlorine, Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins
and Dibenzofurans, and Aldehydes and Ketones.
3. Procedures for Estimating the Toxicity Equivalency of Chlorinated
Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran Congeners.
[[Page 64]]
4. Hazardous Waste Combustion Air Quality Screening Procedures
(HWCAQSP).
5. Simplified Land Use Classification Procedure for Compliance vith
Tier I and Tier II Limits.
6. Statistical Methodology for Bevill Residue Determinations.
7. Procedures for Determining Default Values for Air Pollution
Control System Removal Efficiencies.
8. Procedures for Determining Default Values for Partitioning of
Metals, Ash, and Total Chloride/Chlorine.
9. Alternate Methodology for Implementing Metals Controls.
Additional methods referenced in subpart H of part 266 but not
included in this document can be found in 40 CFR parts 60 and 61, and
``Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Wastes, Physical/Chemical Methods''
(SW-846).
The CEM performance specifications of section 2.0, the S&A methods
of section 3.0 and the toxicity equivalency procedure for dioxins and
furans of section 4.0 are required procedures for determining compliance
with BIF regulations. The CEM performance specifications and the S&A
methods are interim. The finalized CEM performance specifications and
methods will be published in SW-846 or 40 CFR parts 60 and 6l.
Section 2.0 Performance Specifications for Continuous Emission
Monitoring Systems
2.l Performance Specifications for Continuous Emission Monitoring of
Carbon Monoxide and Oxygen for Incinerators, Boilers, and Industrial
Furnaces Burning Hazardous Waste
2.1.1 Applicability and Principle
2.1.1.1 Applicability. These performance specifications apply to
carbon monoxide (CO) and oxygen (O2) continuous emission
monitoring systems (CEMSs) installed on incinerators, boilers, and
industrial furnaces burning hazardous waste. The specifications include
procedures which are intended to be used to evaluate the acceptability
of the CEMS at the time of its installation or whenever specified in
regulations or permits. The procedures are not designed to evaluate CEMS
performance over an extended period of time. The source owner or
operator is responsible for the proper calibration, maintenance, and
operation of the CEMS at all times.
2.1.1.2 Principle. Installation and measurement location
specifications, performance and equipment specifications, test and data
reduction procedures, and brief quality assurance guidelines are
included in the specifications. Calibration drift, relative accuracy,
calibration error, and response time tests are conducted to determine
conformance of the CEMS with the specifications.
2.1.2 Definitions
2.1.2.1 Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS). A continuous
monitor is one in which the sample to be analyzed passes the measurement
section of the analyzer without interruption, and which evaluates the
detector response to the sample at least once each 15 seconds and
computes and records the results at least every 60 seconds. A CEMS
consists of all the equipment used to acquire data and includes the
sample extraction and transport hardware, the analyzer(s), and the data
recording/processing hardware and software.
2.1.2.2 Monitoring System Types. The specifications require CEMSs
capable of accepting calibration gases. Alternative system designs may
be used if approved by the Regional Administrator. There are two basic
types of monitoring systems: extractive and in-situ.
2.1.2.2.1 Extractive. Systems that use a pump or other mechanical,
pneumatic, or hydraulic means to draw a sample of the stack or flue gas
and convey it to a remotely located analyzer.
2.1.2.2.2 In-situ. Systems that perform an analysis without
removing a sample from the stack. Point in-situ analyzers place the
sensing or detecting element directly in the flue gas stream. Cross-
stack in-situ analyzers measure the parameter of interest by placing a
source beam on one side of the stack and the detector (in single-pass
instruments) or a retroreflector (in double-pass instruments) on the
other side, and measuring the parameter of interest (e.g., CO) by the
attenuation of the beam by the gas in its path.
2.1.2.3 Instrument Measurement Range. The difference between the
minimum and maximum concentration that can be measured by a specific
instrument. The minimum is often stated or assumed to be zero and the
range expressed only as the maximum.
2.1.2.4 Span or Span Value. Full scale instrument measurement
range.
2.1.2.5 Calibration Drift (CD). The difference in the CEMS output
readings from the established reference value after a stated period of
operation during which no unscheduled maintenance, repair, or adjustment
takes place. A CD test is performed to demonstrate the stability of the
CEMS calibration over time.
2.1.2.6 Response Time. The time interval between the start of a
step change in the system input (e.g., change of calibration gas) and
the time when the data recorder displays 95 percent of the final value.
2.1.2.7 Accuracy. A measure of agreement between a measured value
and an accepted or true value, expressed as the percentage difference
between the true and measured values relative to the true value. For
these performance specifications, accuracy is checked
[[Page 65]]
by conducting a calibration error (CE) test and a relative accuracy (RA)
test. Certain facilities, such as those using solid waste or batch-fed
processes, may observe long periods of almost no CO emissions with
brief, high-level CO emission spikes. These facilities, as well as
facilities whose CO emissions never exceed 5-10 ppm, may need to be
exempted from the RA requirement because the RA test procedure cannot
ensure acquisition of meaningful test results under these conditions. An
alternative procedure for accuracy determination is described in section
2.1.9.
2.1.2.8 Calibration Error (CE). The difference between the
concentration indicated by the CEMS and the known concentration of the
cylinder gas. A CE test procedure is performed to document the accuracy
and linearity of the monitoring equipment over the entire measurement
range.
2.1.2.9 Relative Accuracy (RA). A comparison of the CEMS response
to a value measured by a performance test method (PTM). The PA test is
used to validate the calibration technique and verify the ability of the
CEMS to provide representative and accurate measurements.
2.1.2.10 Performance Test Method (PTM). The sampling and analysis
procedure used to obtain reference measurements for comparison to CEMS
measurements. The applicable test methods are Method 10, 10A, or 10B
(for the determination of CO) and Method 3 or 3A (for the determination
of 02). These methods are found in 40 CFR part 60, appendix
A.
2.1.2.11 Performance Specification Test (PST) Period. The period
during which CD, CE, response time, and RA tests are conducted.
2.1.2.12 Centroidal Area. A concentric area that is geometrically
similar to the stack or duct cross section and is no greater than 1
percent of the stack or duct cross-sectional area.
2.1.3 Installation and Measurement Location Specifications
2.1.3.1 CEMS Installation and Measurement Locations. The CEMS shall
be installed in a location in which measurements representative of the
source's emissions can be obtained. The optimum location of the sample
interface for the CEMS is determined by a number of factors, including
ease of access for calibration and maintenance, the degree to which
sample conditioning will be required, the degree to which it represents
total emissions, and the degree to which it represents the combustion
situation in the firebox. The location should be as free from in-leakage
influences as possible and reasonably free from severe flow
disturbances. The sample location should be at least two equivalent duct
diameters downstream from the nearest control device, point of pollutant
generation, or other point at which a change in the pollutant
concentration or emission rate occurs and at least 0.5 diameter upstream
from the exhaust or control device. The equivalent duct diameter is
calculated as per 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, method 1, section 2.1. If
these criteria are not achievable or if the location is otherwise less
than optimum, the possibility of stratification should be checked as
described in Section 2.1.3.3 to determine whether the location would
cause failure of the relative accuracy test.
2.1.3.1.1 For extractive or point in-situ CEMSs, the measurement
point should be within or centrally located over the centroidal area of
the stack or duct cross section.
2.1.3.1.2 For cross-stack CEMSs, the effective measurement path
should (1) have at least 70 percent of the path within the inner 50
percent of the stack or duct cross-sectional area or (2) be centrally
located over any part of the centroidal area.
2.1.3.1.3 Both the CO and O2 monitors should be
installed at the same general location. If this is not possible, they
may be installed at different locations if the effluent gases at both
sample locations are not stratified and there is no in-leakage of air
between sampling locations.
2.1.3.2 Performance Test Method (PTM) Measurement Location and
Traverse Points.
2.1.3.2.1 Select an accessible PTM measurement point at least two
equivalent diameters downstream from the nearest control device, the
point of CO generation, or other point at which a change in the CO
concentration may occur, and at least a half equivalent diameter
upstream from the effluent exhaust or control device. When pollutant
concentration changes are due solely to diluent leakage (e.g., air
heater leakages) and CO and O2 are simultaneously measured at
the same location, one half diameter may be used in place of two
equivalent diameters. The CEMS and PTM locations need not be the same.
2.1.3.2.2 Select traverse points that ensure acquisition of
representative samples over the stack or duct cross section. At a
minimum, establish a measurement line that passes through the centroidal
area in the direction of any expected stratification. If this line
interferes with the CEMS measurements, displace the line up to 30 cm (or
5 percent of the equivalent diameter of the cross section, whichever is
less) from the centroidal area. Locate three traverse points at 17, 50,
and 83 percent of the measurement line. If the measurement line is no
longer than 2.4 meters and pollutant stratification is not expected, the
tester may choose to locate the three traverse points on the line at
0.4, 1.2, and 2.0 meters from the stack or duct wall. This option must
not be used at a site located within eight equivalent diameters
downstream of a flow disturbance. The tester
[[Page 66]]
may select other traverse points, provided that they can be shown to the
satisfaction of the Administrator to provide a representative sample
over the stack or duct cross-section. Conduct all necessary PTM tests
within 3 cm of the selected traverse points. Sampling must not be
performed within 3 cm of the duct or stack inner wall.
2.1.3.3 Stratification Test Procedure. Stratification is defined as
a difference in excess of 10 percent between the average concentration
in the duct or stack and the concentration at any point more than 1.0
meter from the duct or stack wall. To determine whether effluent
stratification exists, a dual probe system should be used to determine
the average effluent concentration while measurements at each traverse
point are being made. One probe, located at the stack or duct centroid,
is used as a stationary reference point to indicate the change in
effluent concentration over time. The second probe is used for sampling
at the traverse points specified in method 1, appendix A, 40 CFR part
60. The monitoring system samples sequentially at the reference and
traverse points throughout the testing period for five minutes at each
point.
2.1.4 CEMS Performance and Equipment Specifications
Table 2.1-1 summarizes the performance specifications for the
CEMSs. Two sets of standards for CO are given; one for low-range and
another for high-range measurements. The high-range specifications
relate to measurement and quantification of short duration high
concentration peaks, while the low-range specifications relate to the
overall average operating condition of the burning device. The dual-
range specifications can be met by using (1) one analyzer for each
range, (2) a dual range unit, or (3) a single measurement range
instrument capable of meeting both specifications with a single unit.
Adjustments cannot be made to the analyzer between determinations of
low- and high-level accuracy within the single measurement range. In the
second case, when the concentration exceeds the span of the lower range,
the data acquisition system recorder shall switch to the high range
automatically.
2.1.4.1 CEMS Span Value. In order to measure high and low
concentrations with the same or similar degree of accuracy, the maximum
ranges (span values) are specified for low and high range analyzers. The
span values are listed in Table 2.1-2. Tier I and Tier II format
definitions are established in 40 CFR part 266, subpart H.
Table 2.1-1--Performance Specifications of CO and O2 Monitors
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CO monitors
Parameter ----------------------------- O2 monitors
Low range High range
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Calibration drift 24 hours... 6 ppm \1\.... 90 ppm...... 0.5% O2
Calibration error............ 10 ppm \1\... 150 ppm..... 0.5% O2
Response time................ 2 min........ 2 min....... 2 min
Relative accuracy \2\........ (\3\)........ (\3\)....... (incorporate
d in CO RA
calculation
)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ For Tier II, CD and CE are 3% and 5% of twice the permit limit,
respectively.
\2\ Expressed as the sum of the mean absolute value plus the 95%
confidence interval of a series of measurements.
\3\ The greater of 10% of PTM or 10 ppm.
Table 2.1-2--CEMS Span Values for CO and O2 Monitors
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CO monitors
----------------------------- O2
High monitors
Low range (ppm) range (percent)
(ppm)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tier I rolling average format... 200............. 3,000 25
Tier II rolling average format.. 2 x permit 3,000 25
limit.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.1.4.2 Daily Calibration Gas Values. The owner or operator must
choose calibration gas concentrations (or calibration filters for in-
situ systems) that include zero and high-level calibration values for
the daily calibration checks. For a single measurement range monitor,
three CO calibration gas concentrations (or calibration filters for in-
situ systems) shall be used, i.e., the zero and high-level
concentrations of the low-range CO analyzer and the high-level
concentration of the high-range CO analyzer.
2.1.4.2.1 The zero level for the CO or O2 analyzer may
be between zero and 20 percent of the span value, e.g., 0-40 ppm for
low-range CO analyzer, 0-600 ppm for the high-range CO analyzer, and 0-5
percent for the O2 analyzer (for Tier I).
2.1.4.2.2 The high-level concentration for the CO or O2
analyzer shall be between 50 and 90 percent of the span value, i.e.,
100-180 ppm for the low-range CO analyzer, 1500-2700 ppm for the high-
range CO analyzer, and 12.5-22.5 percent O2 for the
O2 analyzer.
2.1.4.3 Data Recorder Scale. The strip chart recorder, computer, or
digital recorder must be capable of recording all readings within the
CEMS's measurement range and shall have a resolution of 0.5 percent of
span
[[Page 67]]
value, i.e., 1 ppm CO for low-range CO analyzer, 15 ppm CO for high-
range CO analyzer, and 0.1 percent O2 for the O2
analyzer.
2.1.4.4 Response Time. The response time for the CO or
O2 monitor shall not exceed 2 minutes to achieve 95 percent
of the final stable value.
2.1.4.5 Calibration Drift. The CEMS must allow the determination of
CD at the zero and high-level values. The CD must be determined
separately for CO and O2 monitors in terms of concentration.
The CO CEMS calibration response must not drift or deviate from the
reference value of the calibration gas (or calibration filters for in-
situ systems) by more than 3 percent of the span value after each 24-
hour period of the 7-day test, i.e., 6 ppm CO for the low-range analyzer
(Tier I) and 90 ppm for the high-range analyzer, at both zero and high
levels. The O2 monitor calibration response must not drift or
deviate from the reference value by more than 0.5 percent O2
at both zero and high levels.
2.l.4.6 Relative Accuracy. The result of the PA test of the CO CEMS
(which incorporates the O2 monitor) must be no greater than
10 percent of the mean value of the PTM results or must be within 10 ppm
CO of the PTM results, whichever is less restrictive. The ppm CO
concentration shall be corrected to 7 percent O2 before
calculating the RA.
2.1.4.7 Calibration Error. The mean difference between the CEMS and
reference values at all three test points (see Table 2.1-3) must be no
greater than 5 percent of span value for CO monitors (i.e., 10 ppm CO
for low range Tier I CO analyzers and 150 ppm CO for high range CO
analyzers) and 0.5 percent for O2 analyzers.
2.1.4.8 Measurement and Recording Frequency. The sample to be
analyzed shall pass through the measurement section of the analyzer
without interruption. The detector shall measure the sample
concentration at least once every 15 seconds. An average emission rate
shall be computed and recorded at least once every 60 seconds.
2.1.4.9 Hourly Rolling Average Calculation. The CEMS shall
calculate every minute an hourly rolling average, which is the
arithmetic mean of the 60 most recent 1-minute average values.
2.1.4.10 Retest. If the CEMS produces results within the specified
criteria, the test is successful. If the CEMS does not meet one or more
of the criteria, the necessary corrections must be made and the
performance tests repeated.
2.1.5 Test Periods
2.1.5.1 Pretest Preparation Period. Install the CEMS, prepare the
PTM test site according to the specifications in section 2.1.3, and
prepare the CEMS for operation and calibration according to the
manufacturer's written instructions. A pretest conditioning period
similar to that of the 7-day CD test is recommended to verify the
operational status of the CEMS.
2.1.5.2 Calibration Drift Test Period. While the facility is
operating under normal conditions, determine the CD at 24-hour intervals
for seven consecutive days according to the procedure given in section
2.1.6.1. All CD determinations must be made following a 24-hour period
during which no unscheduled maintenance, repair, or adjustment takes
place. If the combustion unit is taken out of service during the test
period, record the onset and duration of the downtime and continue the
calibration drift test when the unit resumes operation.
2.1.5.3 Relative Accuracy Test Period. Conduct the RA test
according to the procedure in section 2.1.6.4 while the facility is
operating under normal conditions. RA testing for CO and O2
shall be conducted simultaneously so that the results can be calculated
for CO corrected to 7 percent O2. The RA test shall be
conducted during the CD test period. It is emphasized that during the CD
test period, no adjustments or repairs may be made to the CEMS other
than routine calibration adjustments performed immediately following the
daily CD determination.
2.1.5.4 Calibration Error Test and Response Time Test Periods.
Conduct the CE and response time tests during the CD test period.
2.1.6 Performance Specification Test Procedures
2.1.6.1 Calibration Drift Test.
2.1.6.1.1 Sampling Strategy. Conduct the CD test for all monitors
at 24-hour intervals for seven consecutive days using calibration gases
at the two (or three, if applicable) concentration levels specified in
section 2.1.4.2. Introduce the calibration gases into the sampling
system as close to the sampling probe outlet as practical. The gas shall
pass through all filters, scrubbers, conditioners, and other CEMS
components used during normal sampling. If periodic automatic or manual
adjustments are made to the CEMS zero and calibration settings, conduct
the CD test immediately before these adjustments, or conduct it in such
a way that the CD can be determined. Record the CEMS response and
subtract this value from the reference (calibration gas) value. To meet
the specification, none of the differences shall exceed the limits
specified in Table 2.1-1.
2.1.6.1.2 Calculations. Summarize the results on a data sheet. An
example is shown in Figure 2.1-1. Calculate the differences between the
CEMS responses and the reference values.
2.1.6.2 Response Time. Check the entire CEMS including sample
extraction and transport, sample conditioning, gas analyses, and the
data recording.
[[Page 68]]
2.1.6.2.1 Introduce zero gas into the system. For extractive
systems, introduce the calibration gases at the probe as near to the
sample location as possible. For in-situ system, introduce the zero gas
at a point such that all components active in the analysis are tested.
When the system output has stabilized (no change greater than 1 percent
of full scale for 30 seconds), switch to monitor stack effluent and wait
for a stable value. Record the time (upscale response time) required to
reach 95 percent of the final stable value.
2.1.6.2.2 Next, introduce a high-level calibration gas and repeat
the above procedure. Repeat the entire procedure three times and
determine the mean upscale and downscale response times. The longer of
the two means is the system response time.
2.1.6.3 Calibration Error Test Procedure.
2.1.6.3.1 Sampling Strategy. Challenge each monitor (both low- and
high-range CO and O2) with zero gas and EPA Protocol 1
cylinder gases at three measurement points within the ranges specified
in Table 2.1-3.
Table 2.1-3--Calibration Error Concentration Ranges for Tier I
------------------------------------------------------------------------
GAS Concentration Ranges
--------------------------------
CO, ppm
Measurement point ----------------------- O2,
Low range percent
\1\ High range
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1...................................... 0-40 0-600 0-2
2...................................... 60-80 900-1200 8-10
3...................................... 140-160 2100-2400 14-16
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ For Tier II, the CE specifications for the low-range CO CEMS are 0-
20%, 30-40%, and 70-80% of twice the permit limit.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.005
[[Page 69]]
Figure 2.1-1 Calibration Drift Determination
2.1.6.3.1.1 If a single measurement range is used, the calibration
gases used in the daily CD checks (if they are Protocol 1 cylinder gases
and meet the criteria in section 2.1.6.3.1) may be used for determining
CE.
2.1.6.3.1.2 Operate each monitor in its normal sampling mode as
nearly as possible. The calibration gas shall be injected into the
sample system as close to the sampling probe outlet as practical and
should pass through all CEMS components used during normal sampling.
Challenge the CEMS three non-consecutive times at each measurement point
and record the responses. The duration of each gas injection should be
sufficient to ensure that the CEMS surfaces are conditioned.
2.1.6.3.2 Calculations. Summarize the results on a data sheet. An
example data sheet is shown in Figure 2.1-2. Average the differences
between the instrument response and the certified cylinder gas value for
each gas. Calculate three CE results (five CE results for a single-range
CO CEMS) according to Equation 5 (section 2.1.7.5). No confidence
coefficient is used in CE calculations.
2.1.6.4 Relative Accuracy Test Procedure.
2.1.6.4.1 Sampling Strategy for PTM tests. Conduct the PTM tests in
such a way that they will yield measurements representative of the
emissions from the source and can be correlated to the CEMS data.
Although it is preferable to conduct the CO, diluent, and moisture (if
needed) simultaneously, moisture measurements that are taken within a
60-minute period which includes the simultaneous CO and O2
measurements may be used to calculate the dry CO concentration.
Note: At times, CEMS RA tests may be conducted during incinerator
performance tests. In these cases, PTM results obtained during CEMS RA
tests may be used to determine compliance with incinerator emissions
limits as long as the source and test conditions are consistent with the
applicable regulations.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.006
[[Page 70]]
Figure 2.1-2 Calibration Error Determination
2.1.6.4.2 Performance Test Methods.
2.1.6.4.2.1 Unless otherwise specified in the regulations, method 3
or 3A and method 10, 10A, or 10B (40 CFR part 60, appendix A) are the
test methods for O2 and CO, respectively. Make a sample
traverse of at least 21 minutes, sampling for 7 minutes at each of three
traverse points (see section 3.2).
2.1.6.4.2.2 When the installed CEMS uses a nondispersive infrared
(NDIR) analyzer, method 10 shall use the alternative interference trap
specified in section 10.1 of the method. An option, which may be
approved by the Administrator in certain cases, would allow the test to
be conducted using method 10 without the interference trap. Under this
option, a laboratory interference test is performed for the analyzer
prior to the field test. The laboratory interference test includes the
analysis of SO2, NO, and CO2 calibration gases
over the range of expected effluent concentrations. Acceptable
performance is indicated if the CO analyzer response to each of the
gases is less than 1 percent of the applicable measurement range of the
analyzer.
2.1.6.4.3 Number of PTM Tests. Conduct a minimum of nine sets of
all necessary PTM tests. If more than nine sets are conducted, a maximum
of three sets may be rejected at the tester's discretion. The total
number of sets used to determine the RA must be greater than or equal to
nine. All data, including the rejected data, must be reported.
2.1.6.4.4 Correlation of PTM and CEMS Data. The time and duration
of each PTM test run and the CEMS response time should be considered in
correlating the data. Use the CEMS final output (the one used for
reporting) to determine an integrated average CO concentration for each
PTM test run. Confirm that the pair of results are on a consistent
moisture and O2 concentration basis. Each integrated CEMS
value should then be compared against the corresponding average PTM
value. If the CO concentration measured by the CEMS is normalized to a
specified diluent concentration, the PTM results shall be normalized to
the same value.
2.1.6.4.5 Calculations. Summarize the results on a data sheet.
Calculate the mean of the PTM values and calculate the arithmetic
differences between the PTM and the CEMS data sets. The mean of the
differences, standard deviation, confidence coefficient, and CEMS RA
should be calculated using Equations 1 through 4.
2.1.7 Equations
2.1.7.1 Arithmetic Mean (d). Calculate d of the difference of a
data set using Equation 1.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.007
where:
n=Number of data points.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.025
When the mean of the differences of pairs of data is calculated,
correct the data for moisture, if applicable.
2.1.7.2 Standard Deviation (Sd). Calculate Sd
using Equation 2.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.008
2.1.7.3 Confidence Coefficient (CC). Calculate the 2.5 percent
error CC (one-tailed) using Equation 3.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.009
where:
t0.975=t-value (see Table 2.1-4).
Table 2.1-4--t-Values
------------------------------------------------------------------------
na t0.975 na t0.975 na t0.975
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.................................. 12.706 7 2.447 12 2.201
3.................................. 4.303 8 2.365 13 2.179
4.................................. 3.182 9 2.306 14 2.160
5.................................. 2.776 10 2.662 15 2.145
6.................................. 2.571 11 2.228 16 2.131
------------------------------------------------------------------------
a The values in this table are already corrected for n-1 degrees of
freedom. Use n equal to the number of individual values.
2.1.7.4 Relative Accuracy. Calculate the RA of a set of data using
Equation 4.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.010
where:
| d|=Absolute value of the mean of the differences (Equation 1).
| CC|=Absolute value of the confidence coefficient (Equation 3).
PTM=Average reference value.
2.1.7.5 Calibration Error. Calculate CE using Equation 5.
[[Page 71]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.011
where:
d=Mean difference between CEMS response and the known reference
concentration.
2.1.8 Reporting
At a minimum, summarize in tabular form the results of the CD, RA,
response time, and CE test, as appropriate. Include all data sheets,
calculations, CEMS data records, and cylinder gas or reference material
certifications.
2.1.9 Alternative Procedure
2.1.9.1 Alternative RA Procedure Rationale. Under some operating
conditions, it may not be possible to obtain meaningful results using
the RA test procedure. This includes conditions where consistent, very
low CO emissions or low CO emissions interrupted periodically by short
duration, high level spikes are observed. It may be appropriate in these
circumstances to waive the PTM RA test and substitute the following
procedure.
2.1.9.2 Alternative RA Procedure. Conduct a complete CEMS status
check following the manufacturer's written instructions. The check
should include operation of the light source, signal receiver, timing
mechanism functions, data acquisition and data reduction functions, data
recorders, mechanically operated functions (mirror movements,
calibration gas valve operations, etc.), sample filters, sample line
heaters, moisture traps, and other related functions of the CEMS, as
applicable. All parts of the CEMS must be functioning properly before
the RA requirement can be waived. The instruments must also have
successfully passed the CE and CD requirements of the performance
specifications. Substitution of the alternative procedure requires
approval of the Regional Administrator.
2.1.10 Quality Assurance (QA)
Proper calibration, maintenance, and operation of the CEMS is the
responsibility of the owner or operator. The owner or operator must
establish a QA program to evaluate and monitor CEMS performance. As a
minimum, the QA program must include:
2.1.10.1 A daily calibration check for each monitor. The
calibration must be adjusted if the check indicates the instrument's CD
exceeds the specification established in section 2.1.4.5. The gases
shall be injected as close to the probe as possible to provide a check
of the entire sampling system. If an alternative calibration procedure
is desired (e.g., direct injections or gas cells), subject to
Administrator approval, the adequacy of this alternative procedure may
be demonstrated during the initial 7-day CD test. Periodic comparisons
of the two procedures are suggested.
2.1.10.2 A daily system audit. The audit must include a review of
the calibration check data, an inspection of the recording system, an
inspection of the control panel warning lights, and an inspection of the
sample transport and interface system (e.g., flowmeters, filters), as
appropriate.
2.1.10.3 A quarterly calibration error (CE) test. Quarterly RA
tests may be substituted for the CE test when approved by the Director
on a case-by-case basis.
2.1.10.4 An annual performance specification test.
2.1.11 References
1. Jahnke, James A. and G.J. Aldina, ``Handbook: Continuous Air
Pollution Source Monitoring Systems,'' U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency Technology Transfer, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, EPA-625/6-79-005,
June 1979.
2. ``Gaseous Continuous Emissions Monitoring Systems-Performance
Specification Guidelines for SO2, NOx,
CO2, O2, and TRS.'' U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency OAQPS, ESED, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, EPA-
450/3-82-026, October 1982.
3. ``Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement
Systems: Volume I. Principles.'' U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
ORD/EMSL, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27711, EPA-600/9-76-
006, December 1984.
4. Michie, Raymond, M. Jr., et. al., ``Performance Test Results and
Comparative Data for Designated Reference Methods for Carbon Monoxide,''
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ORD/EMSL, Research Triangle Park,
North Carolina, 27711, EPA-600/S4-83-013, September 1982.
5. Ferguson, B.B., R.E. Lester, and W.J. Mitchell, ``Field
Evaluation of Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Continuous Emission
Monitors at an Oil Refinery,'' U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27711, EPA-600/4-82-054, August
1982.
2.2 Performance Specifications for Continuous Emission Monitoring of
Hydrocarbons for Incinerators, Boilers, and Industrial Furnaces Burning
Hazardous Waste
2.2.1 Applicability and Principle
2.2.1.1 Applicability. These performance specifications apply to
hydrocarbon (HC) continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMSs)
installed on incinerators, boilers, and industrial furnaces burning
hazardous waste. The specifications include procedures which are
intended to be used to evaluate the acceptability of the CEMS at the
time of its installation or whenever specified in regulations or
permits. The procedures are not
[[Page 72]]
designed to evaluate CEMS performance over an extended period of time.
The source owner or operator is responsible for the proper calibration,
maintenance, and operation of the CEMS at all times.
2.2.1.2 Principle. A gas sample is extracted from the source
through a heated sample line and heated filter (except as provided by
section 2.2.10) to a flame ionization detector (FID). Results are
reported as volume concentration equivalents of propane. Installation
and measurement location specifications, performance and equipment
specifications, test and data reduction procedures, and brief quality
assurance guidelines are included in the specifications. Calibration
drift, calibration error, and response time tests are conducted to
determine conformance of the CEMS with the specifications.
2.2.2 Definitions
2.2.2.1 Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS). The total
equipment used to acquire data, which includes sample extraction and
transport hardware, analyzer, data recording and processing hardware,
and software. The system consists of the following major subsystems:
2.2.2.1.1 Sample Interface. That portion of the system that is used
for one or more of the following: Sample acquisition, sample
transportation, sample conditioning, or protection of the analyzer from
the effects of the stack effluent.
2.2.2.1.2 Organic Analyzer. That portion of the system that senses
organic concentration and generates an output proportional to the gas
concentration.
2.2.2.1.3 Data Recorder. That portion of the system that records a
permanent record of the measurement values. The data recorder may
include automatic data reduction capabilities.
2.2.2.2 Instrument Measurement Range. The difference between the
minimum and maximum concentration that can be measured by a specific
instrument. The minimum is often stated or assumed to be zero and the
range expressed only as the maximum.
2.2.2.3 Span or Span Value. Full scale instrument measurement
range.
2.2.2.4 Calibration Gas. A known concentration of a gas in an
appropriate diluent gas.
2.2.2.5 Calibration Drift (CD). The difference in the CEMS output
readings from the established reference value after a stated period of
operation during which no unscheduled maintenance, repair, or adjustment
takes place. A CD test is performed to demonstrate the stability of the
CEMS calibration over time.
2.2.2.6 Response Time. The time interval between the start of a
step change in the system input (e.g., change of calibration gas) and
the time when the data recorder displays 95 percent of the final value.
2.2.2.7 Accuracy. A measurement of agreement between a measured
value and an accepted or true value, expressed as the percentage
difference between the true and measured values relative to the true
value. For these performance specifications, accuracy is checked by
conducting a calibration error (CE) test.
2.2.2.8 Calibration Error (CE). The difference between the
concentration indicated by the CEMS and the known concentration of the
cylinder gas. A CE test procedure is performed to document the accuracy
and linearity of the monitoring equipment over the entire measurement
range.
2.2.2.9 Performance Specification Test (PST) Period. The period
during which CD, CE, and response time tests are conducted.
2.2.2.10 Centroidal Area. A concentric area that is geometrically
similar to the stack or duct cross section and is no greater than 1
percent of the stack or duct cross-sectional area.
2.2.3 Installation and Measurement Location Specifications
2.2.3.1 CEMS Installation and Measurement Locations. The CEMS shall
be installed in a location in which measurements representative of the
source's emissions can be obtained. The optimum location of the sample
interface for the CEMS is determined by a number of factors, including
ease of access for calibration and maintenance, the degree to which
sample conditioning will be required, the degree to which it represents
total emissions, and the degree to which it represents the combustion
situation in the firebox. The location should be as free from in-leakage
influences as possible and reasonably free from severe flow
disturbances. The sample location should be at least two equivalent duct
diameters downstream from the nearest control device, point of pollutant
generation, or other point at which a change in the pollutant
concentration or emission rate occurs and at least 0.5 diameter upstream
from the exhaust or control device. The equivalent duct diameter is
calculated as per 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, method 1, section 2.1. If
these criteria are not achievable or if the location is otherwise less
than optimum, the possibility of stratification should be investigated
as described in section 2.2.3.2. The measurement point shall be within
the centroidal area of the stack or duct cross section.
2.2.3.2 Stratification Test Procedure. Stratification is defined as
a difference in excess of 10 percent between the average concentration
in the duct or stack and the concentration at any point more than 1.0
meter from the duct or stack wall. To determine whether effluent
stratification exists, a dual probe system should be used to determine
[[Page 73]]
the average effluent concentration while measurements at each traverse
point are being made. One probe, located at the stack or duct centroid,
is used as a stationary reference point to indicate the change in
effluent concentration over time. The second probe is used for sampling
at the traverse points specified in 40 CFR part 60 appendix A, method 1.
The monitoring system samples sequentially at the reference and traverse
points throughout the testing period for five minutes at each point.
2.2.4 CEMS Performance and Equipment Specifications
If this method is applied in highly explosive areas, caution and
care shall be exercised in choice of equipment and installation.
2.2.4.1 Flame Ionization Detector (FID) Analyzer. A heated FID
analyzer capable of meeting or exceeding the requirements of these
specifications. Heated systems shall maintain the temperature of the
sample gas between 150 deg.C (300 deg.F) and 175 deg.C (350 deg.F)
throughout the system. This requires all system components such as the
probe, calibration valve, filter, sample lines, pump, and the FID to be
kept heated at all times such that no moisture is condensed out of the
system.
Note: As specified in the regulations, unheated HC CEMs may be
considered an acceptable interim alternative monitoring technique. For
additional notes, see section 2.2.10. The essential components of the
measurement system are described below:
2.2.4.1.1 Sample Probe. Stainless steel, or equivalent, to collect
a gas sample from the centroidal area of the stack cross-section.
2.2.4.1.2 Sample Line. Stainless steel or Teflon tubing to
transport the sample to the analyzer.
Note: Mention of trade names or specific products does not
constitute endorsement by the Environmental Protection Agency.
2.2.4.1.3 Calibration Valve Assembly. A heated three-way valve
assembly to direct the zero and calibration gases to the analyzer is
recommended. Other methods, such as quick-connect lines, to route
calibration gas to the analyzers are applicable.
2.2.4.1.4 Particulate Filter. An in-stack or out-of-stack sintered
stainless steel filter is recommended if exhaust gas particulate loading
is significant. An out-of-stack filter must be heated.
2.2.4.1.5 Fuel. The fuel specified by the manufacturer (e.g., 40
percent hydrogen/60 percent helium, 40 percent hydrogen/60 percent
nitrogen gas mixtures, or pure hydrogen) should be used.
2.2.4.1.6 Zero Gas. High purity air with less than 0.1 parts per
million by volume (ppm) HC as methane or carbon equivalent or less than
0.1 percent of the span value, whichever is greater.
2.2.4.1.7 Calibration Gases. Appropriate concentrations of propane
gas (in air or nitrogen). Preparation of the calibration gases should be
done according to the procedures in EPA Protocol 1. In addition, the
manufacturer of the cylinder gas should provide a recommended shelf life
for each calibration gas cylinder over which the concentration does not
change by more than 2 percent from the certified value.
2.2.4.2 CEMS Span Value. 100 ppm propane.
2.2.4.3 Daily Calibration Gas Values. The owner or operator must
choose calibration gas concentrations that include zero and high-level
calibration values.
2.2.4.3.1 The zero level may be between 0 and 20 ppm (zero and 20
percent of the span value).
2.2.4.3.2 The high-level concentration shall be between 50 and 90
ppm (50 and 90 percent of the span value).
2.2.4.4 Data Recorder Scale. The strip chart recorder, computer, or
digital recorder must be capable of recording all readings within the
CEMS's measurement range and shall have a resolution of 0.5 ppm (0.5
percent of span value).
2.2.4.5 Response Time. The response time for the CEMS must not
exceed 2 minutes to achieve 95 percent of the final stable value.
2.2.4.6 Calibration Drift. The CEMS must allow the determination of
CD at the zero and high-level values. The CEMS calibration response must
not differ by more than 3 ppm (3 percent of the
span value) after each 24-hour period of the 7-day test at both zero and
high levels.
2.2.4.7 Calibration Error. The mean difference between the CEMS and
reference values at all three test points listed below shall be no
greater than 5 ppm (5 percent of the span value).
2.2.4.7.1 Zero Level. Zero to 20 ppm (0 to 20 percent of span
value).
2.2.4.7.2 Mid-Level. 30 to 40 ppm (30 to 40 percent of span value).
2.2.4.7.3 High-Level. 70 to 80 ppm (70 to 80 percent of span
value).
2.2.4.8 Measurement and Recording Frequency. The sample to be
analyzed shall pass through the measurement section of the analyzer
without interruption. The detector shall measure the sample
concentration at least once every 15 seconds. An average emission rate
shall be computed and recorded at least once every 60 seconds.
2.2.4.9 Hourly Rolling Average Calculation. The CEMS shall
calculate every minute an hourly rolling average, which is the
arithmetic mean of the 60 most recent 1-minute average values.
2.2.4.10 Retest. If the CEMS produces results within the specified
criteria, the test is successful. If the CEMS does not meet one or more
of the criteria, necessary corrections
[[Page 74]]
must be made and the performance tests repeated.
2.2.5 Performance Specification Test (PST) Periods
2.2.5.1 Pretest Preparation Period. Install the CEMS, prepare the
PTM test site according to the specifications in section 2.2.3, and
prepare the CEMS for operation and calibration according to the
manufacturer's written instructions. A pretest conditioning period
similar to that of the 7-day CD test is recommended to verify the
operational status of the CEMS.
2.2.5.2 Calibration Drift Test Period. While the facility is
operating under normal conditions, determine the magnitude of the CD at
24-hour intervals for seven consecutive days according to the procedure
given in section 2.2.6.1. All CD determinations must be made following a
24-hour period during which no unscheduled maintenance, repair, or
adjustment takes place. If the combustion unit is taken out of service
during the test period, record the onset and duration of the downtime
and continue the CD test when the unit resumes operation.
2.2.5.3 Calibration Error Test and Response Time Test Periods.
Conduct the CE and response time tests during the CD test period.
2.2.6 Performance Specification Test Procedures
2.2.6.1 Calibration Drift Test.
2.2.6.1.1 Sampling Strategy. Conduct the CD test at 24-hour
intervals for seven consecutive days using calibration gases at the two
daily concentration levels specified in section 2.2.4.3. Introduce the
two calibration gases into the sampling system as close to the sampling
probe outlet as practical. The gas shall pass through all CEM components
used during normal sampling. If periodic automatic or manual adjustments
are made to the CEMS zero and calibration settings, conduct the CD test
immediately before these adjustments, or conduct it in such a way that
the CD can be determined. Record the CEMS response and subtract this
value from the reference (calibration gas) value. To meet the
specification, none of the differences shall exceed 3 ppm.
2.2.6.1.2 Calculations. Summarize the results on a data sheet. An
example is shown in Figure 2.2-1. Calculate the differences between the
CEMS responses and the reference values.
2.2.6.2 Response Time. The entire system including sample
extraction and transport, sample conditioning, gas analyses, and the
data recording is checked with this procedure.
2.2.6.2.1 Introduce the calibration gases at the probe as near to
the sample location as possible. Introduce the zero gas into the system.
When the system output has stabilized (no change greater than 1 percent
of full scale for 30 sec), switch to monitor stack effluent and wait for
a stable value. Record the time (upscale response time) required to
reach 95 percent of the final stable value.
2.2.6.2.2 Next, introduce a high-level calibration gas and repeat
the above procedure. Repeat the entire procedure three times and
determine the mean upscale and downscale response times. The longer of
the two means is the system response time.
2.2.6.3 Calibration Error Test Procedure.
2.2.6.3.1 Sampling Strategy. Challenge the CEMS with zero gas and
EPA Protocol 1 cylinder gases at measurement points within the ranges
specified in section 2.2.4.7.
2.2.6.3.1.1 The daily calibration gases, if Protocol 1, may be used
for this test.
[[Page 75]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AU92.013
[[Page 76]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AU92.014
[[Page 77]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AU92.015
2.2.9 Quality Assurance (QA)
Proper calibration, maintenance, and operation of the CEMS is the
responsibility of the owner or operator. The owner or operator must
establish a QA program to evaluate and monitor CEMS performance. As a
minimum, the QA program must include:
2.2.9.1 A daily calibration check for each monitor. The calibration
must be adjusted if the check indicates the instrument's CD exceeds 3
ppm. The gases shall be injected as close to the probe as possible to
provide a check of the entire sampling system. If an alternative
calibration procedure is desired (e.g., direct injections or gas cells),
subject to Administrator approval, the adequacy of this alternative
procedure may be demonstrated during the initial 7-day CD test. Periodic
comparisons of the two procedures are suggested.
2.2.9.2 A daily system audit. The audit must include a review of
the calibration
[[Page 78]]
check data, an inspection of the recording system, an inspection of the
control panel warning lights, and an inspection of the sample transport
and interface system (e.g., flowmeters, filters), as appropriate.
2.2.9.3 A quarterly CE test. Quarterly RA tests may be substituted
for the CE test when approved by the Director on a case-by-case basis.
2.2.9.4 An annual performance specification test.
2.2.10 Alternative Measurement Technique
The regulations allow gas conditioning systems to be used In
conjunction with unheated HC CEMs during an interim period. This gas
conditioning may include cooling to not less than 40 deg. F and the use
of condensate traps to reduce the moisture content of sample gas
entering the FID to less than 2 percent. The gas conditioning system,
however, must not allow the sample gas to bubble through the condensate
as this would remove water soluble organic compounds. All components
upstream of the conditioning system should be heated as described in
section 2.2.4 to minimize operating and maintenance problems.
2.2.11 References
1. Measurement of Volatile Organic Compounds-Guideline Series. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina,
27711, EPA-450/2-78-041, June 1978.
2. Traceability Protocol for Establishing True Concentrations of
Gases Used for Calibration and Audits of Continuous Source Emission
Monitors (Protocol No. 1). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ORD/
EMSL, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27711, June 1978.
3. Gasoline Vapor Emission Laboratory Evaluation-Part 2. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, OAQPS, Research Triangle Park, North
Carolina, 27711, EMB Report No. 76-GAS-6, August 1975.
3.0 SAMPLING AND ANALYTICAL METHODS
Note: The sampling and analytical methods to the BIF manual are
published in ``Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/
Chemical Methods,'' EPA Publication SW-846, as incorporated by reference
in Sec. 260.11 of this chapter.
Section 4.0 Procedure for Estimating the Toxicity Equivalence of
Chlorinated Dibenco-P-Dioxin and Dibenzofuran Congeners
PCDDs and PCDFs must be determined using the method given in section
3.4 of this document. In this method, individual congeners or homologues
\1\ are measured and then summed to yield a total PCDD/PCDF value. No
toxicity factors are specified in the method to compute risks from such
emissions.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ The term ``congener'' refers to any one particular member of the
same chemical family; e.g., there are 75 congeners of chlorinated
dibenzo-p-dioxins. The term ``homologue'' refers to a group of
structurally related chemicals that have the same degree of
chlorination. For example, there are eight homologues of CDs,
monochlorinated through octachlorinated. Dibenzo-p-dioxins and
dibenzofurans that are chlorinated at the 2,3,7, and 8 positions are
denoted as ``2378'' congeners, except when 2,3,7,8-TCDD is uniquely
referred to: e.g., 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF and 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF are both referred
to as ``2378-PeCDFs.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
For the purpose of estimating risks posed by emissions from boilers
and industrial furnaces, however, specific congeners and homologues must
be measured using the specified method and then multiplied by the
assigned toxicity equivalence factors (TEFs), using procedures described
in ``Interim Procedures for Estimating Risks Associated with Exposures
to Mixtures of Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins and Dibenzofurans (CDDs and
CDFs) and 1989 Update,'' EPA/625/3-89/016, March 1989. The resulting
2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalents value is used in the subsequent risk
calculations and modeling efforts as discussed in the BIF final rule.
The procedure for calculating the 2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalent is as
follows:
1. Using method 23, determine the concentrations of 2,7,3,8-
congeners of various PCDDs and PCDFs in the sample.
2. Multiply the congener concentrations in the sample by the TEF
listed in Table 4.0-1 to express the congener concentrations in terms of
2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalent. Note that congeners not chlorinated at 2,3,7,
and 8 positions have a zero toxicity factor in this table.
3. Add the products obtained in step 2, to obtain the total 2,3,7,8-
TCDD equivalent in the sample.
Sample calculations are provided in EPA document No. EPA/625/3-89/
016, March 1989, which can be obtained from the EPA, ORD Publications
Office, Cincinnati, Ohio (Phone no. 513-569-7562).
Table 4.0-1.--2,3,7,8-TCDD Toxicity Equivalence Factors (TEFs) \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Compound I-TEFs, 89
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mono-, Di-, and TriCDDs..................................... 0
2,3,7,8-TCDD................................................ 1
Other TCDDs............................................... 0
2,3,7,8-PeCDD............................................... 0.5
Other PeCDDs.............................................. 0
[[Page 79]]
2,3,7,8-HxCDD............................................... 0.1
Other HxCDDs.............................................. 0
2,3,7,8-HpCDD............................................... 0.01
Other HpCDDs.............................................. 0
OCDD........................................................ 0.001
Mono-, Di-, and TriCDFs..................................... 0
2,3,7,8-TCDF................................................ 0.1
Other TCDFs............................................... 0
1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF............................................. 0.05
2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF............................................. 0.5
Other PeCDFs.............................................. 0
2378-HxCDFs................................................. 0.1
Other HxCDFs.............................................. 0
2378-HpCDFs................................................. 0.01
Other HpCDFs.............................................. 0
OCDF........................................................ 0.001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reference: Adapted from NATO/CCMS, 1988a.
\1\ Interim Procedures for Estimating Risks Associated with Exposures to
Mixtures of Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins and Dibenzofurans (CDDs and
CDFs) 1989 Update EPA/625/3-89/016, March 1989.
Section 5.0 Hazardous Waste Combustion Air Quality Screening Procedure
The HWCAQSP is a combined calculation/reference table approach for
conservatively estimating short-term and annual average facility impacts
for stack emissions. The procedure is based on extensive short-term
modeling of 11 generic source types and on a set of adjustment factors
for estimating annual average concentrations from short-term
concentrations. Facility impacts may be determined based on the selected
worst-case stack or on multiple stacks, in which the impacts from each
stack are estimated separately and then added to produce the total
facility impact.
This procedure is most useful for facilities with multiple stacks,
large source-to-property boundary distances, and complex terrain between
1 and 5 km from the facility. To ensure a sufficient degree of
conservatism, the HWCAQSP may not be used if any of the five screening
procedure limitations listed below are true:
The facility is located in a narrow valley less than 1 km
wide;
The facility has a stack taller than 20 m and is located
such that the terrain rises to the stack height within 1 km of the
facility;
The facility has a stack taller than 20 m and is located
within 5 km of the shoreline of a large body of water;
The facility property line is within 200 m of the stack and
the physical stack height is less than 10 m; or
On-site receptors are of concern, and stack height is less
than 10 m.
If any of these criteria are met or the Director determines that
this procedure is not appropriate, then detailed site-specific modeling
or modeling using the ``Screening Procedures for Estimating the Air
Quality Impact of Stationary Sources,'' EPA -450/4-88-010, Office of Air
Quality Planning and Standards, August 1988, is required. Detailed site-
specific dispersion modeling must conform to the EPA ``Guidance on Air
Quality Models (Revised)'', EPA 450/2-78-027R, Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, July
1986. This document provides guidance on both the proper selection and
regulatory application of air quality models.
Introduction
The Hazardous Waste Combustion Air Quality Screening Procedure
(HWCAQSP) (also referred to hereafter as ``the screening procedure'' or
``the procedure'') provides a quick, easy method for estimating maximum
(hourly) and annual average ambient air impacts associated with the
combustion of hazardous waste. The methodology is conservative in nature
and estimates dispersion coefficients \1\ based on facility-specific
information.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ The term dispersion coefficient refers to the change in ambient
air concentration (g/m\3\) resulting from a source with an
emission rate of 1 g/sec.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The screening procedure can be used to determine emissions limits at
sites where the nearest meteorological (STAR) station is not
representative of the meteorology at the site. If the screen shows that
emissions from the site are adequately protective, then the need to
collect site-specific meteorological data can be eliminated.
The screening procedure is generally most helpful for facilities
meeting one or more of the following conditions:
Multiple stacks with substantially different release
specifications (e.g., stack heights differ by >50 percent, exit
temperatures differ by >50 deg.K, or the exit flow rates differ by more
than a factor of 2),
Terrain located between 1 km and 5 km from the site
increases in elevation by more than the physical height of the shortest
stack (i.e., the facility is located in complex terrain), or
Significant distance between the facility's stacks and the
site boundary [guidance on determining whether a distance is
``significant'' is provided in Step 6(B) of the procedure].
Steps 1 through 9 of the screening procedure present a simplified
method for determining emissions based on the use of the ``worst-case''
stack. If the simplified method shows that desired feed rates result in
emissions that exceed allowable limits for one or more pollutants, a
refined analysis to examine the emissions from each stack can be
conducted. This multiple-stack method is presented in Step 10.
[[Page 80]]
The steps involved in screening methodology are as follows:
Step 1. Define Source Characteristics
Step 2. Determine the Applicability of the Screening Procedure
Step 3. Select the Worst-Case Stack
Step 4. Verify Good Engineering Practice (GEP) Criteria
Step 5. Determine the Effective Stack Height and Terrain-Adjusted
Effective Stack Height
Step 6. Classify the Site as Urban or Rural
Step 7. Determine Maximum Dispersion Coefficients
Step 8. Estimate Maximum Ambient Air Concentrations
Step 9. Determine Compliance With Regulatory Limits
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\2\ Worksheet space is provided for three stacks. If the facility
has additional stacks, copy the form and revise stack identification
numbers for 4, 5, etc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Step 10. Multiple Stack Method
Step 1: Define Source Characteristics
Provide the following source data: \2\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stack No. Stack No. Stack No.
Stack Data: 1 2 3
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Physical stack height (m)........... ________ ________ ________
Exhaust temperature ( deg.K)........ ________ ________ ________
Flow rate (m\3\/sec)................ ________ ________ ________
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nearby Building Dimensions
Consider all buildings within five building heights or five maximum
projected widths of the stack(s). For the building with the greatest
height, fill in the spaces below.
Building Height (m)_____________________________________________________
Maximum projected building width (m)____________________________________
Nearby Terrain Data
Determine maximum terrain rise for the following three distance
ranges from the facility (not required if the highest stack is less than
10 m in height):
________(m) ________(m) ________(m)
0-0.5 km 0-2.5 km 0-5 km
Distance from facility to nearest shoreline (km)________________________
Valley width (km)_______________________________________________________
Step 2: Determine the Applicability of the Screening Procedure
Fill in the following data:
Yes No
Is the facility in a valley < km in width?........ ______ ______
Is the terrain rise within 1 km of the facility ______ ______
greater than the physical stack height of the
tallest stack? (Only applies to stacks 20 meters in height)..........................
Is the distance to the nearest shoreline <5 km? ______ ______
(Only applies to facilities with stacks 20 meters in height)..........................
For the building listed in Step 1, is the closest ______ ______
property boundary <5 times the building height or
<5 times the maximum projected building width?
(Only applies to facilities with a stack height
<2.5 times the building height)..................
If the answer is ``no'' to all the preceding questions, then the
HWCAQSP is acceptable. If the answer to any question is ``yes'', the
procedure is not acceptable.
Step 3: Select the Worst-Case Stack
If the facility has several stacks, a worst-case stack must be
chosen to conservatively represent release conditions at the facility.
Follow the steps below to identify the worst-case stack.
Apply the following equation to each stack:
K=HVT
where:
K=an arbitrary parameter accounting for the relative influence of the
stack height and plume rise.
H=Physical stack height (m)
V=Flow rate (m\3\/sec)
T=Exhaust temperature ( deg.K)
Complete the following table to compute the ``K'' value for each
stack:
[[Page 81]]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stack No. Stack height (m) x Flow rate (m\3\/sec) x Exit temp ( deg.K) = K
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.................................. __________________________ x __________________________ x __________________________ = ______________________
2.................................. __________________________ x __________________________ x __________________________ = ______________________
3.................................. __________________________ x __________________________ x __________________________ = ______________________
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 82]]
Select the stack with the lowest ``K'' value. This is the worst-case
stack that will be used for Steps 4 through 9.
Worst-Case Stack is identified as Stack No. ______
Step 4: Verify Good Engineering Practice (GEP) Criteria
Confirm that the selected worst-case stack meets Good Engineering
Practice (GEP) criteria. The stack height to be used in the subsequent
steps of this procedure must not be greater than the maximum GEP.
Maximum and minimum GEP stack heights are defined as follows:
CEP (minimum)=H+(1.5 x L)
GEP (maximum)=greater of 65 m or H+(1.5 x L)
where:
H=height of the building selected in Step 1 measured from ground level
elevation at the base of the stack
L=the lesser dimension of the height or projected width of the building
selected in Step 1
Record the following data for the worst-case stack:
Stack height (m)=__________
H(m)=__________
L(m)=__________
Then compute the following:
GEP (minimum) (m)=__________
GEP (maximum) (m)=__________
If the physical height of the worst-case stack exceeds the
maximum GEP, then use the maximum GEP stack height for the subsequent
steps of this analysis;
If the physical height of the worst-case stack is less than
the minimum GEP, then use generic source number 11 as the selected
source for further analysis and proceed directly to Step 6;
If the physical height of the worst-case stack is between
the minimum and maximum GEP, then use the actual physical stack height
for the subsequent steps of this analysis.
Step 5: Determine the Effective Stack Height and the Terrain-Adjusted
Effective Stack Height (TAESH)
The effective stack height is an important factor in dispersion
modeling. The effective stack height is the physical height of the stack
plus plume rise. As specified in Step 4, the stack height used to
estimate the effective stack height must not exceed GEP requirements.
Plume rise is a function of the stack exit gas temperature and flow
rate.
In this analysis, the effective stack height is used to select the
generic source that represents the dispersion characteristics of the
facility. For facilities located in flat terrain and for all facilities
with worst-case stacks less than or equal to 10 meters in height,
generic source numbers are selected strictly on the basis of effective
stack height. In all other cases, the effective stack height is further
adjusted to take into account the terrain rise near the facility. This
``terrain-adjusted effective stack height'' (TAESH) is then used to
select the generic source number that represents the dispersion
characteristics of the facility. Follow the steps below to identify the
effective stack height, the TAESH (where applicable), and the
corresponding generic source number.
(A) Go to Table 5.0-1 and find the plume rise value corresponding to
the stack temperature and exit flow rate for the worst-case stack
determined in Step 3.
Plume rise=________(m)
(B) Add the plume rise to the GEP stack height of the worst-case
stack determined in Steps 3 and 4.
Effective stack
GEP stack height (m) + Plume rise (m) = height (m)
________ + ________ = ________
(C) Go to the first column of Table 5.0-2 and identify the range of
effective stack heights that includes the effective stack height
estimated in Step 5(B). Record the generic source number that
corresponds to this range.
Generic source number=__________
(D) If the source is located in flat terrain \3\, or if the generic
source number identified in Step 5(C) above is 1 or 11 (regardless of
terrain classification), use the generic source number determined in
Step 5(C) and proceed directly to Step 6. Otherwise, continue to Step
5(E).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\3\ The terrain is considered flat and terrain adjustment factors
are not used if the maximum terrain rise within 5 km of the facility
(see Step 1) is less than 10 percent of the physical stack height of the
worst-case stack.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
(E) For those situations where the conditions in Step 5(D) do not
apply, the effective stack height must be adjusted for terrain. The
TAESH for each distance range is computed by subtracting the terrain
rise within the distance range from the effective stack height.\4\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\4\ Refer to Step 1 for terrain adjustment data. Note that the
distance from the source to the outer radii of each range is used. For
example, for the range >0.5-2.5 km, the maximum terrain rise in the
range 0.0-2.5 km is used.
[[Page 83]]
Table 5.0-1.--Estimated Plume Rise (in Meters) Based on Stack Exit Flow Rate and Gas Temperature
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Exhaust Temperature ( deg.K)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flow rate (m\3\/s) <325 325-349 350-399 400-449 450-499 500-599 600-699 700-799 800-999 1000-1499 >1499
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<0.5................................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0.5-0.9.............................................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
1.0-1.9.............................................. 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 3 3 3 4
2.0-2.9.............................................. 0 0 1 3 4 4 6 6 7 8 9
3.0-3.9.............................................. 0 1 2 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13
4.0-4.9.............................................. 1 2 4 6 8 10 12 13 14 15 17
5.0-7.4.............................................. 2 3 5 8 10 12 14 16 17 19 21
7.5-9.9.............................................. 3 5 8 12 15 17 20 22 22 23 24
10.0-12.4............................................ 4 6 10 15 19 21 23 24 25 26 27
12.5-14.9............................................ 4 7 12 18 22 23 25 26 27 28 29
15.0-19.9............................................ 5 8 13 20 23 24 26 27 28 29 31
20.0-24.9............................................ 6 10 17 23 25 27 29 30 31 32 34
25.0-29.9............................................ 7 12 20 25 27 29 31 32 33 35 36
30.0-34.9............................................ 8 14 22 26 29 31 33 35 36 37 39
35.0-39.9............................................ 9 16 23 28 30 32 35 36 37 39 41
40.0-49.9............................................ 10 17 24 29 32 34 36 38 39 41 42
50.0-59.9............................................ 12 21 26 31 34 36 39 41 42 44 46
60.0-69.9............................................ 14 22 27 33 36 39 42 43 45 47 49
70.0-79.9............................................ 16 23 29 35 38 41 44 46 47 49 51
80.0-89.9............................................ 17 25 30 36 40 42 46 48 49 51 54
90.0-99.9............................................ 19 26 31 38 42 44 48 50 51 53 56
100.0-119.9.......................................... 21 26 32 39 43 46 49 52 53 55 58
120.0-139.9.......................................... 22 28 35 42 46 49 52 55 56 59 61
140.0-159.9.......................................... 23 30 36 44 48 51 55 58 59 62 65
160.0-179.9.......................................... 25 31 38 46 50 54 58 60 62 65 67
180.0-199.9.......................................... 26 32 40 48 52 56 60 63 65 67 70
>199.9............................................... 26 33 41 49 54 58 62 65 67 69 73
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 5.0-2--Selection of Generic Source Number
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Generic
Effective stack height (m) source No.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
<10.0...................................................... 1
10.0-14.9.................................................. 2
15.0-19.9.................................................. 3
20.0-24.9.................................................. 4
25.0-30.9.................................................. 5
31.0-41.9.................................................. 6
42.0-52.9.................................................. 7
53.0-64.9.................................................. 8
65.0-122.9................................................. 9
113.0+..................................................... 10
Downwash................................................... 11
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 5.0-3.--Classification of Land Use Types
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Urban or rural
Type \1\ Description designation \2\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
I1 Heavy Industrial......... Urban
I2 Light/Moderate Industrial Urban
Cl Commercial............... Urban
R1 Common Residential Rural
(Normal Easements).
R2 Compact Residential Urban
(Single Family).
R3 Compact Residential Rural
(Multi-Family).
R4 Estate Residential (Multi- Rural
Acre Plots).
A1 Metropolitan Natural..... Rural
A2 Agricultural............. Rural
A3 Undeveloped (Grasses/ Rural
Weeds).
A4 Undeveloped (Heavily Rural
Wooded).
A5 Water Surfaces........... Rural
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ EPA, Guideline on Air Quality Models (Revised), EPA-450/2-78-027R,
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park,
North Carolina, July, 1986.
\2\ Auer, August H. Jr., ``Correlation of Land Use and Cover with
meteorological Anomalies,'' Journal of Applied Meteorology, pp. 636-
643, 1978.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Effective stack--
Distance range (km) height (m) [see step - Maximum terrain--rise = TAESH(m)
5(B)] (m) (see step 1)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0.0-0.5........................... ________ - ________ = ________
>0.5-2.5.......................... ________ - ________ = ________
>2.5-5.0.......................... ________ - ________ = ________
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If the terrain rise for any of the distance ranges is greater than
the effective stack height, set the TAESH equal to zero and use
[[Page 84]]
generic source number 1 for that distance range.
Record the generic source numbers from Table 5.0-2 based on each of
the TAESH values.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Generic source No. (after
Distance range (km) terrain adjustment)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
0.0-0.5................................ ____________
>0.5-2.5............................... ____________
>2.5-5.0............................... ____________
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Step 6: Classify the Site as Urban or Rural
(A) Classify the land use near the facility as either urban or rural
by determining the percentage of urban land use types (as defined in
Table 3; for further guidance see the footnoted references) that fall
within 3 km of the facility.\5\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\5\ The delineation of urban and rural areas, can be difficult for
the residential-type areas listed in Table 5.0-3. The degree of
resolution in Table 5.0-3 for residential areas often cannot be
identified without conducting site area inspections. This process can
require extensive analysis, which, for many applications, can be greatly
streamlined without sacrificing confidence in selecting the appropriate
urban or rural classification. The fundamental simplifying assumption is
based on the premise that many applications will have clear-cut urban/
rural designations, i.e., most will be in rural settings that can be
definitively characterized through a review of aerial photographs,
zoning maps, or U.S. Geological Survey topographical maps.
Method Used to Estimate Percent Visual Planimeter
Urban Land Use:
______ ______
Estimated Percentages.............. Urban Rural
______ ______
If the urban land use percentage is less than or equal to 30 percent
based on a visual estimate, or 50 percent based on a planimeter, the
local land use is considered rural. Otherwise, the local land use is
considered urban.
Classification..................... Urban Rural
(check applicable space)........... ______ ______
(B) Based on the TAESH and the urban/rural classification of
surrounding land use, use the following table to determine the threshold
distance between any stack and the nearest facility boundary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distance (m)
Terrain adjusted effective stack height range (m) ---------------
Urban Rural
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1-9.9................................................... 200 200
10-14.9................................................. 200 250
15-19.9................................................. 200 250
20-24.9................................................. 200 350
25-30.9................................................. 200 450
31-41.9................................................. 200 550
42-52.9................................................. 250 800
53-64.9................................................. 300 1000
65-112.9................................................ 400 1200
113+.................................................... 700 2500
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Record the following information:
Threshold distance from the table
(m): ____
Minimum distance from any stack to property boundary (m): ____
If the minimum distance between any stack and the nearest facility
boundary is greater than the threshold distance, the surrounding buffer
distance is considered significant and the facility is likely to benefit
from use of the HWCAQSP relative to the Tier I and II limits (see
discussion of benefits from using HWCAQSP in Introduction section).
Step 7: Determine Maximum Dispersion Coefficients
(A) Determine maximum average hourly dispersion coefficients. Based
on the results of Step 6(A), select either Table 5.0-4 (urban) or Table
5.0-5 (rural) to determine the maximum average hourly dispersion
coefficient.\6\ For flat terrain [defined in Step 5(D)] and for all
sites with generic source numbers 1 or 11, use Step 7(A) (1). For
rolling or complex terrain (excluding generic sources numbers 1 and 11),
use Step 7(A) (2).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\6\ For the distance range 6 to 20 kilometers, generic source number
1 is used to conservatively represent the maximum dispersion
coefficient.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Search down the appropriate generic source number column [based
on Step 5(C)], beginning at the minimum fenceline distance listed in
Step 6(B).\7\ Record the maximum average hourly dispersion coefficient
encountered.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\7\ Exclude all distances that are closer to the facility than the
property boundary. For example, if the actual distance to the nearest
property boundary is 265 meters, begin at the 300 meter distance in
Tables 5.0-4 and 5.0-5.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum Average Hourly Dispersion Coefficient=____(g/m\3\/g/
sec)
(2) For each of the three distance-based generic source numbers
listed in Step 5(E), search down the appropriate generic source number
columns, beginning at the minimum
[[Page 85]]
fenceline distance listed in Step 6(B). Note that different columns may
be used for each of the three distance ranges if there is a need for
terrain adjustment. Record the maximum dispersion coefficient for each
generic source number.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum
dispersion
Distance range (km) Generic source No. coefficient
[from Step 5(E)] (g/m\3\/
m/sec)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
0.0-0.5.......................... ________ ________
>0.5-2.5......................... ________ ________
>2.5-5.0......................... ________ ________
>5.0-20.0........................ ________ ________
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 86]]
Table 5.0-4.--ISCST Predicted Maximum Concentrations ( g/m\3\)a for Hazardous Waste Combustors Using Urban Conditions
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Generic Generic Generic Generic Generic Generic Generic Generic Generic Generic Generic
Distance (KM) Source 1 Source 2 Source 3 Source 4 Source 5 Source 6 Source 7 Source 8 Source 9 Source 10 Source 11
(<10M) (10M) (15M) (20M) (25M) (31M) (42M) (53M) (65M) (113M) (Downwash)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0.20........................................................ 680.1 517.5 368.7 268.7 168.5 129.8 63.4 30.1 18.4 1.6 662.3
0.25........................................................ 521.9 418.2 303.7 232.6 163.0 124.2 67.6 38.5 19.8 3.2 500.0
0.30........................................................ 407.7 351.7 256.2 199.0 147.0 118.3 63.5 41.5 25.0 4.2 389.3
0.35........................................................ 326.2 304.2 221.6 172.7 130.2 107.9 60.0 40.5 27.3 5.4 311.9
0.40........................................................ 268.5 268.5 195.6 152.5 115.7 97.1 59.6 37.8 27.4 5.8 268.5
0.45........................................................ 240.8 240.7 175.4 136.7 103.9 87.6 56.6 37.2 26.3 5.8 240.8
0.50........................................................ 218.5 218.5 159.2 124.1 94.4 79.7 52.9 36.7 24.7 5.8 218.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0.55........................................................ 200.3 200.3 145.9 113.8 86.5 73.1 49.2 35.4 24.5 6.6 200.3
0.60........................................................ 185.1 185.1 134.9 105.1 80.0 67.6 45.8 33.8 24.3 7.1 185.1
0.65........................................................ 172.2 172.2 125.5 97.8 74.4 62.9 42.7 32.0 23.7 7.4 172.2
0.70........................................................ 161.2 161.2 117.4 91.6 69.6 58.9 40.1 30.2 22.9 7.5 161.2
0.75........................................................ 151.6 151.6 110.5 86.1 65.5 55.4 37.7 28.6 22.0 7.5 151.6
0.80........................................................ 143.2 143.2 104.4 81.4 61.9 52.3 35.6 27.1 21.1 7.4 143.2
0.85........................................................ 135.8 135.8 99.0 77.2 58.7 49.6 33.8 25.7 20.2 7.2 135.8
0.90........................................................ 129.2 129.2 94.2 73.4 55.8 47.2 32.1 24.5 19.3 7.0 129.2
0.95........................................................ 123.3 123.3 89.9 70.1 53.3 45.0 30.7 23.4 18.5 6.8 123.3
1.00........................................................ 118.0 118.0 86.0 67.0 51.0 43.1 29.4 22.4 17.7 6.5 118.0
1.10........................................................ 108.8 108.0 79.3 61.8 47.0 39.7 27.1 20.6 16.4 6.5 108.8
1.20........................................................ 101.1 101.1 73.7 57.4 43.7 36.9 25.2 19.2 15.2 6.4 101.1
1.30........................................................ 94.6 94.6 68.9 53.7 40.9 34.5 23.5 18.0 14.2 6.3 94.6
1.40........................................................ 89.0 89.0 64.8 50.6 38.5 32.5 22.1 16.9 13.4 6.1 89.0
1.50........................................................ 84.1 84.1 61.3 47.8 36.3 30.7 20.9 16.0 12.7 5.9 84.1
1.60........................................................ 79.8 79.8 58.2 45.4 34.5 29.2 19.9 15.2 12.0 5.6 79.8
1.70........................................................ 76.0 76.0 55.4 43.2 32.9 27.8 18.9 14.4 11.4 5.4 76.0
1.80........................................................ 72.7 72.7 53.0 41.3 31.4 26.5 18.1 13.8 10.9 5.2 72.7
1.90........................................................ 69.6 69.6 50.7 39.6 30.1 25.4 17.3 13.2 10.5 5.0 69.6
2.00........................................................ 66.9 66.9 48.8 38.0 28.9 24.4 16.7 12.7 10.1 4.8 66.9
2.25........................................................ 61.1 61.1 44.5 34.7 26.4 22.3 15.2 11.6 9.2 4.4 61.1
2.50........................................................ 56.4 56.4 41.1 32.1 24.4 20.6 14.0 10.7 8.5 4.1 56.4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.75........................................................ 52.6 52.6 38.3 29.9 22.7 19.2 10.0 10.0 7.9 3.8 52.6
3.00........................................................ 49.3 49.3 35.9 28.0 21.3 18.0 9.4 9.4 7.4 3.6 49.3
4.00........................................................ 40.2 40.2 29.3 22.8 17.4 14.7 7.6 7.6 6.1 2.9 40.2
5.00........................................................ 34.5 34.5 25.2 19.6 14.9 12.6 6.6 6.6 5.2 2.5 34.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.00........................................................ 30.7 30.7 30.7 30.7 30.7 30.7 30.7 30.7 30.7 30.7 30.7
7.00........................................................ 27.8 27.8 27.8 37.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8
8.00........................................................ 25.5 25.5 25.5 25.5 25.5 25.5 25.5 25.5 25.5 25.5 25.5
9.00........................................................ 23.8 23.8 23.8 23.8 23.8 23.8 23.8 23.8 23.8 23.8 23.8
10.00....................................................... 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.3
15.00....................................................... 17.6 17.6 17.6 17.6 17.6 17.6 17.6 17.6 17.6 17.6 17.6
[[Page 87]]
20.00....................................................... 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.01 15.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
a Based on a 1 Gram/Second Emission Rate
Table 5.0-5.--ISCST Predicted Maximum Concentrations ( g/m\3\)a for Hazardous Waste Combustors Using Rural Conditions
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Generic Generic Generic Generic Generic Generic Generic Generic Generic Generic Generic
Distance (KM) source 1 source 2 source 3 source 4 source 5 source 6 source 7 source 8 source 9 source 10 source 11
(<10M) (10M) (15M) (20M) (25M) (31M) (42M) (53M) (65M) (113M) (Downwash)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0.20........................................................ 1771.1 670.3 308.6 176.8 102.8 76.5 28.0 10.1 3.5 0.0 1350.8
0.25........................................................ 1310.6 678.4 316.9 183.6 104.6 71.8 38.0 17.6 7.9 0.2 1227.3
0.30........................................................ 1002.3 629.2 303.4 199.1 100.4 75.0 39.7 24.0 12.6 0.8 1119.3
0.35........................................................ 798.4 569.6 282.3 200.7 117.0 71.1 36.3 25.9 16.8 1.9 1023.8
0.40........................................................ 656.9 516.5 278.7 194.4 125.2 82.7 25.3 24.6 18.1 3.1 938.9
0.45........................................................ 621.5 471.1 277.6 184.3 127.5 89.7 35.6 21.7 17.6 4.3 851.8
0.50........................................................ 633.5 432.4 272.0 172.7 125.7 92.9 34.4 21.6 15.9 5.5 787.8
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0.55........................................................ 630.1 399.2 263.8 168.0 121.6 93.3 38.6 22.1 13.6 6.5 730.6
0.60........................................................ 616.6 370.4 254.0 169.1 116.2 91.8 42.6 21.7 14.3 6.7 676.4
0.65........................................................ 596.7 345.4 243.6 168.1 110.3 89.2 45.3 20.9 14.7 6.4 633.4
0.70........................................................ 573.2 323.4 232.9 165.6 104.5 85.8 47.0 23.3 14.6 5.9 592.0
0.75........................................................ 546.9 304.0 222.3 162.0 98.8 82.2 47.7 25.5 14.3 5.5 554.6
0.80........................................................ 520.9 286.8 212.1 157.7 98.8 78.5 47.8 27.1 13.8 5.1 522.1
0.85........................................................ 495.7 271.5 202.4 153.0 99.0 74.9 47.4 28.3 15.0 4.7 491.8
0.90........................................................ 471.5 257.8 193.3 148.1 98.6 71.4 46.6 29.1 16.3 4.5 464.2
0.95........................................................ 448.5 245.4 184.7 143.1 97.6 72.3 45.6 29.6 17.3 4.2 438.9
1.00........................................................ 426.8 234.2 176.8 138.1 96.3 72.6 44.4 29.8 18.2 4.0 415.8
1.10........................................................ 387.5 214.7 162.5 128.2 91.9 71.1 41.8 29.5 19.3 3.9 375.0
1.20........................................................ 353.5 198.4 150.3 119.3 87.4 69.1 39.1 28.6 19.8 4.1 340.3
1.30........................................................ 323.0 189.6 139.9 111.5 82.9 66.7 36.6 27.5 19.8 4.2 310.4
1.40........................................................ 296.6 182.2 130.8 104.5 78.7 64.2 34.3 26.2 19.5 4.2 284.6
1.50........................................................ 273.3 174.6 122.9 98.3 74.7 61.6 32.3 24.9 19.0 4.2 262.0
1.60........................................................ 252.7 167.0 115.9 92.8 71.0 59.1 31.8 23.6 18.4 4.2 242.2
1.70........................................................ 234.5 159.6 109.7 87.9 67.6 56.7 31.6 22.5 17.7 4.3 224.7
1.80........................................................ 218.3 152.4 104.1 83.5 64.4 54.3 31.3 21.4 17.0 4.5 211.9
1.90........................................................ 203.7 145.6 99.1 79.5 61.5 52.1 30.9 20.4 16.3 4.8 198.4
2.00........................................................ 190.7 139.1 94.6 75.9 58.8 50.0 30.4 19.5 15.7 5.1 186.3
2.25........................................................ 164.4 124.5 85.1 68.3 53.0 45.4 28.9 18.1 14.2 5.4 160.8
2.50........................................................ 143.7 112.1 77.3 62.1 48.2 41.4 27.2 17.9 12.9 5.5 140.7
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.75........................................................ 127.0 101.5 70.9 56.9 38.1 38.1 25.6 17.5 11.8 5.4 124.5
3.00........................................................ 113.4 92.4 65.6 52.6 35.2 35.2 24.0 17.0 11.2 5.2 112.5
4.00........................................................ 78.8 67.3 50.6 40.6 27.2 27.2 29.0 14.3 10.4 4.3 78.3
5.00........................................................ 59.1 54.6 41.4 33.2 22.2 22.2 15.6 12.0 9.3 3.5 58.8
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.00........................................................ 56.7 46.7 46.7 46.7 46.7 46.7 46.7 46.7 46.7 46.7 46.7
7.00........................................................ 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4
8.00........................................................ 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8
9.00........................................................ 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2
10.00....................................................... 9.4 29.4 29.4 29.4 29.4 29.4 29.4 29.4 29.4 29.4 29.4
[[Page 88]]
15.00....................................................... 20.5 20.5 20.5 20.5 20.5 20.5 20.5 20.5 20.5 20.5 20.5
20.00....................................................... 15.9 15.9 15.9 15.9 15.9 15.9 15.9 15.9 15.9 15.9 15.9
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
a Based on a 1 Gram/Second Emission Rate
[[Page 89]]
(B) Determine annual/hourly ratio for rural analysis. The maximum
average annual dispersion coefficient is approximated by multiplying the
maximum hourly dispersion coefficient (identified in Step 7(A) by the
appropriate ratio selection from Table 5.0-6. The generic source
number(s) [from Steps 5(C) or 5(E)], urban/rural designation (from Step
6), and the terrain type are used to select the appropriate scaling
factor. Use the noncomplex terrain designation for all sources located
in flat terrain, for all sources where the physical stack height of the
worst-case stack is less than or equal to 10 m, for all sources where
the worst-case stack is less than the minimum GEP, and for those sources
where all of the TAESH values in Step 5(E) are greater than zero. Use
the complex terrain designation in all other situations.
(C) Determine maximum average annual dispersion coefficient. The
maximum average annual dispersion coefficient is determined by
multiplying the maximum hourly dispersion coefficient (Step 7(A)) by its
corresponding annual/hourly ratio (Step 7(B)).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum hourly dispersion Maximum annual dispersion
Terrain Distance from Generic source coefficient (g/m Annual hourly coefficient (g/m
stack (m) No. \3\/g/sec) ratio \3\/g/sec) \1\
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flat.............................. 0-20.0
0-0.5
0.5-2.5
Rolling or Complex................ 2.5-5.0
5.0-20.
0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Maximum hourly dispersion coefficient times annual/hourly ratio.
Step 8: Estimate Maximum Ambient Air Concentrations--see procedures
prescribed in subpart H of 40 CFR part 266.
Step 9: Determine Compliance with Regulatory Limits--see procedures
prescribed in subpart H of 40 CFR part 266.
Step 10: Multiple Stack Method (Optional)
This option is a special case procedure that may be helpful when (1)
the facility exceeded the regulatory limits for one or more pollutants,
as detailed in Step 9, and (2) the facility has multiple stacks with
substantially different emission rates and effective release heights.
Only those pollutants that fail the Step 9 screening limits need to be
addressed in this exercise.
This procedure assesses the environmental impacts from each stack
and then sums the results to estimate total impacts. This option is
conceptually the same as the basic approach (Steps 1 through 9) and does
not involve complex calculations. However, it is more time-consuming and
is recommended only if the basic approach fails to meet the risk
criteria. The procedure is outlined below.
(A) Compute effective stack heights for each stack.\8\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\8\ Follow the procedure outlined in Step 4 of the basic screening
procedure to determine the GEP for each stack. If a stack's physical
height exceeds the maximum GEP, use the maximum GEP values. If a stack's
physical height is less than the minimum GEP, use generic source number
11 in the subsequent steps of this analysis. Follow the procedure in
Steps 5(A) and 5(B) to determine the effective height of each stack.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GEP stack height Flow rate (m \3\/ Exit temp ( Effective stack
Stack No. (m) sec) deg.K) Plume rise (m) height (m)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1............................................................. ________ ________ ________ ________ ________
2............................................................. ________ ________ ________ ________ ________
3............................................................. ________ ________ ________ ________ ________
Add an additional page if more than three stacks are involved. Circle the maximum and minimum effective stack heights.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(B) Determine if this multiple-stack screening procedure will likely
produce less conservative results than the procedure in Steps 1 through
9. To do this, compute the ratio of maximum-to-minimum effective stack
height:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.012
[[Page 90]]
If the above ratio is greater than 1.25, proceed with the remaining
steps. Otherwise, this option is less likely to significantly reduce the
degree of conservatism in the screening method.
(C) Determine if terrain adjustment is needed and select generic
source numbers. Select the shortest stack height and maximum terrain
rise out to 5 km from Step 1 and determine if the facility is in flat
terrain.
Shortest stack height (m)=______________________________________________
Maximum terrain rise in meters out to 5 km=_____________________________
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.013
If the value above is greater than 10 percent, the terrain is
considered nonflat; proceed to Step 10(D). If the ratio is less than or
equal to 10 percent, the terrain is considered flat. Identify the
generic source numbers based on effective stack heights computed in Step
10(A). Refer to Table 5.0-2 provided earlier to identify generic source
numbers. Record the generic source numbers identified and proceed to
Step 10(F).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stack No.
-----------------------------
1 2 3
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Generic Source Numbers.................... ____ ____ ____
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Compute the TAESH and select generic source numbers (four
sources located in nonflat terrain).
1. Compute the TAESH for all remaining stacks using the following
equation:
HE-TR=TAESH
where:
HE=effective stack height (m)
TR=maximum terrain rise for each distance range (m)
TAESH=terrain-adjusted effective stack height (m)
Use the Table Below To Calculate the TAESH for Each Stack \9\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stack No.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distance Range (km) 0-0.5 >0,5-2.5 >2.5-5.0
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
HE - TR = TAESH HE - TR = TAESH HE - TR = TAESH
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1................................... ... - ... = ..... ... - ... = ......... ... - ... = .....
2................................... ... - ... = ..... ... - ... = ......... ... - ... = .....
3................................... ... - ... = ..... ... - ... = ......... ... - ... = .....
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\9\ Refer to Step 1 for terrain adjustment data. Note that the distance from the source to the outer radii of
each range is used. For example, for the range >0.5-2.5 km, the maximum terrain rise in the range 0.0-2.5 km
is used.
For those stacks where the terrain rise within a distance range is
greater than the effective stack height (i.e., HE-TR is less than zero),
the TAESH for that distance range is set equal to zero, and generic
source number 1 should be used for that distance range for all
subsequent distance ranges. Additionally, for all stacks with a physical
stack height of less than or equal to 10 meters, use generic source
number 1 for all distance ranges.\10\ For the remaining stacks, proceed
to Step 10(D)(2).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\10\ This applies to all stacks less than or equal to 10 meters
regardless of the terrain classification.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. For the remaining stacks, refer to Table 5.0-2 and, for each
distance range, identify the generic source number that includes the
TAESH. Use the values obtained from Steps 10(D)(1) and 10(D)(2) to
complete the following summary worksheet;
Generic Source Number After Terrain Adjusted (if Needed)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stack No. 0-0.5 km >0.5-2.5 km >2.5-5.0 km
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1................................ ........... ........... ...........
2................................ ........... ........... ...........
3................................ ........... ........... ...........
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(E) Identify maximum average hourly dispersion coefficients. Based
on the land use classification of the site (e.g., urban or rural), use
either Table 5.0-4 or Table 5.0-5 to determine the appropriate
dispersion coefficient for each distance range for each stack. Begin at
the minimum fenceline distance indicated in Step 7(B) and record on
Worksheet 5.0-1 the dispersion coefficient for each stack/distance
range. For stacks located in facilities in flat terrain, the generic
source numbers were computed in Step 10(C). For stacks located in
facilities in rolling and complex terrain, the generic source numbers
were computed in Step 10(D). For flat terrain applications and for
stacks with a physical height of less than or equal to 10 meters, only
one generic source number is used per
[[Page 91]]
stack for all distance ranges. For other situations up to three generic
source numbers may be needed per stack (i.e., a unique generic source
number per distance range). In Tables 5.0-4 and 5.0-5, the dispersion
coefficients for distances of 6 km to 20 km are the same for all generic
source numbers in order to conservatively represent terrain beyond 5 km
(past the limits of the terrain analysis).
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AU92.033
[[Page 92]]
(F) Estimate maximum hourly ambient air concentrations. In this
step, pollutant-specific emission rates are multiplied by appropriate
dispersion coefficients to estimate ambient air concentrations. For each
stack, emissions are multiplied by the dispersion coefficient selected
in Step 10(E) and summed across all stacks to estimate ambient air
concentrations at various distances from the facility. From these summed
concentrations, the maximum hourly ambient air concentration is
selected. First, select the maximum emission rate of the pollutant.\11\
Record these data in the spaces provided below.\12\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\11\ Recall that it is recommended that this analysis be performed
for only one or two pollutants. The pollutants chosen for this analysis
should be those that show the most significant exceedances of the risk
threshold.
\12\ Refer to Step 8 of the basic screening procedure. At this point
in the screening procedure, annual emissions are used to represent
hourly average emission rates. These values will be adjusted by the
annual/hourly ratio to estimate annual average concentrations.
Maximum Annual Emission Rates (g/sec)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pollutant Stack 1 Stack 2 Stack 3
------------------------------------------------------------------------
................. ................ ................
................. ................ ................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Complete a separate copy of Worksheet 5.0-2 for each pollutant and
select the highest hourly concentration from the summation column at the
far right of the worksheet. Record the maximum hourly air concentration
for each pollutant analyzed (add additional lines if needed):
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pollutant Maximum hourly air concentration
------------------------------------------------------------------------
....................................
....................................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 93]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AU92.034
[[Page 94]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AU92.035
[[Page 95]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AU92.036
(G) Determine the complex/noncomplex designation for each stack. For
each stack, subtract the maximum terrain rise within 5 km of the site
from the physical stack height and designate the stack as either complex
or noncomplex. If the stack height minus the maximum terrain rise
(within 5 km) is greater than zero or if the stack is less than 10
meters in physical height, then assign the stack a noncomplex
designation. If the stack height minus the maximum terrain rise (within
5 km) is less than or equal to zero, then assign the stack a complex
designation.
[[Page 96]]
Perform the following computation for each stack and record the
information in the spaces provided. Check in the spaces provided whether
the stack designation is complex or noncomplex.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum
Stack No. Stack terrain Complex Noncomplex
height (m) rise (m)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1...................................... ........... - ........... = (m) ......... ...........
2...................................... ........... - ........... = (m) ......... ...........
3...................................... ........... - ........... = (m) ......... ...........
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(H) Identify annual/hourly ratios. Extract the annual/hourly ratios
for each stack by referring to Table 5.0-6. Generic source numbers (from
Steps 10(C) or 10(D), urban/rural designation (from Step 6)), and
complex or noncomplex terrain designations (from Step 10(G)) are used to
select the appropriate scaling factor needed to convert hourly maximum
concentrations to estimates of annual average concentrations.
Complete the following table: \13\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\13\ If any stack (excluding generic stack number 1 and 11) in Step
10(D) shows a negative terrain adjusted stack height, use the complex
terrain annual/hourly ratios.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Generic source No. steps 10 (C or D) Annual/hourly ratio (from table 5.0-
--------------------------------------- 6)
Distance ranges (km) --------------------------------------
Stack No. --------------------------------------- Distance ranges (km)
--------------------------------------
0-0.5 >0.5-2.5 >2.5-5.0 0-0.5 >0.5-2.5 >2.5-5.0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1................................. __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________
2................................. __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________
3................................. __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(I) Select the highest annual/hourly ratio among all of the
stacks,\14\ and then estimate the maximum annual average ambient air
concentrations for each pollutant by completing the following table,
where:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\14\ As an option, the user can identify the stack with the highest
ratio for each distance range (rather than the absolute highest). In
this case, extra sheets would be needed to show estimated annual average
concentrations from each stack by multiplying emission rate times
maximum hourly dispersion coefficient times maximum annual/hourly ratio
for applicable distance range. Then sum across all stacks for each
downwind distance.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
C=Maximum total hourly ambient air concentration (g/m\3\) for
pollutant ``N'' from Step 10(F),
Ca=Maximum annual average air concentration for pollutant
``N'' (g/m\3\),
R=Annual/hourly ratio.
Table 5.0-6.--95th Percentile of Annual/Hourly Ratios
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Noncomplex Terrain Complex Terrain
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Urban Rural Source Urban Rural
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1................................... 0.019 0.014 1..................... 0.020 0.053
2................................... 0.033 0.019 2..................... 0.020 0.053
3................................... 0.031 0.018 3..................... 0.030 0.057
4................................... 0.029 0.017 4..................... 0.051 0.047
5................................... 0.028 0.017 5..................... 0.067 0.039
6................................... 0.028 0.017 6..................... 0.059 0.034
7................................... 0.031 0.015 7..................... 0.036 0.031
8................................... 0.030 0.013 8..................... 0.026 0.024
9................................... 0.029 0.011 9..................... 0.026 0.024
10.................................. 0.029 0.008 10.................... 0.017 0.013
11.................................. 0.018 0.015 11.................... 0.020 0.053
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ca (g/m \3\) x R = CA(G/
M&thnsp\3\)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
________ ____ x ____ = ____
________ ____ x ____ = ____
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(J) Use the maximum annual average concentrations from Step 10(I) to
determine compliance with regulatory requirements.
[[Page 97]]
Section 6.0--Simplified Land Use Classification Procedure for Compliance
With Tier I and Tier II Limits
6.1 Introduction
This section provides a simplified procedure to classify areas in
the vicinity of boilers and industrial furnace sites as urban or rural
in order to set risk-based emission limits under subpart H of 40 CFR
part 266. Urban/rural classification is needed because dispersion rates
differ between urban and rural areas and thus, the risk per unit
emission rate differs accordingly. The combination of greater surface
roughness (more buildings/structures to generate turbulent mixing) and
the greater amount of heat released from the surface in an urban area
(generates buoyancy-induced mixing) produces greater rates of
dispersion. The emission limit tables in the regulation, therefore,
distinguish between urban and rural areas.
EPA guidance (EPA 1986) \1\ provides two alternative procedures to
determine whether the character of an area is predominantly urban or
rural. One procedure is based on land use typing and the other is based
on population density. Both procedures require consideration of
characteristics within a 3-km radius from a source, in this case the
facility stack(s). The land use typing method is preferred because it
more directly relates to the surface characteristics that affect
dispersion rates. The remainder of this discussion is, therefore,
focused on the land use method.
While the land use method is more direct, it can also be labor-
intensive to apply. For this discussion, the land use method has been
simplified so that it is consistent with EPA guidance (EPA 1986; Auer
1978), while streamlining the process for the majority of applications
so that a clear-cut decision can be made without the need for detailed
analysis. Table 6.0-1 summarizes the simplified approach for classifying
areas as urban or rural. As shown, the applicant always has the option
of applying standard (i.e., more detailed) analyses to more accurately
distinguish between urban and rural areas. However, the procedure
presented here allows for simplified determinations, where appropriate,
to expedite the permitting process.
Table 6.0-1.--Classification of Land Use Types
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Urban or rural
Type\1\ Description designation\2\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
I1 Heavy Industrial....... Urban.
I2 Light/Moderate Urban.
Industrial.
C1 Commercial............. Urban.
R1 Common Residential Rural.
(Normal Easements).
R2 Compact Residential Urban.
(Single Family).
R3 Compact Residential Urban.
(Multi-Family).
R4 Estate Residential Rural.
(Multi-Acre Plots).
A1 Metropolitan Natural... Rural.
A2 Agricultural........... Rural.
A3 Undeveloped (Grasses/ Rural.
Weeds).
A4 Undeveloped (Heavily Rural.
Wooded).
A5 Water Surfaces......... Rural.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ EPA, Guideline on Air Quality Models (Revised), EPA-450/2-78-027R,
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park,
North Carolina, July, 1986.
\2\ Auer, August H. Jr., ``Correlation of Land Use and Cover with
Meteorological Anomalies,'' Journal of Applied Meteorology, pp. 636-
643, 1978.
6.2 Simplified Land Use Process
The land use approach considers four primary land use types:
industrial (I), commercial (C), residential (R), and agricultural (A).
Within These primary classes, subclasses are identified, as shown in
table 6.0-1. The goal is to estimate the percentage of the area within a
3-km radius that is urban type and the percentage that is rural type.
Industrial and commercial areas are classified as urban; agricultural
areas are classified as rural.
The delineation of urban and rural areas, however, can be more
difficult for the residential type areas shown in table 6.0-1. The
degree of resolution shown in table 6.0-1 for residential areas often
cannot be identified without conducting site area inspections and/or
referring to zoning maps. This process can require extensive analysis,
which, for many applications, can be greatly streamlined without
sacrificing confidence in selecting the appropriate urban or rural
classification.
The fundamental simplifying assumption is based on the premise that
many applications will have clear-cut urban/rural designations, i.e.,
most will be in rural settings that can be definitively characterized
through a brief review of topographical maps. The color coding on USGS
topographical maps provides the most effective means of simplifying the
typing scheme. The suggested typing designations for the color codes
found on topographical maps are as follows:
Green Wooded areas (rural).
White White areas generally will be treated as rural. This code applies
to areas that are unwooded and do not have densely packed structures
which would require the pink code (house omission tint). Parks,
industrial areas, and unforested rural land will appear as white on the
topographical maps. Of these categories, only the industrial areas could
potentially be classified
[[Page 98]]
as urban based on EPA 1986 or Auer 1978. Industrial areas can be easily
identified in most cases by the characteristics shown in Figure 6.0-1.
For this simplified procedure, white areas that have an industrial
classification will be treated as urban areas.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AU92.037
[[Page 99]]
Section 7.0--Statistical Methodology for Bevill Residue Determinations
This section describes the statistical comparison of waste-derived
residue to normal residue for use in determining eligibility for the
Bevill exemption under 40 CFR 266.112.
7.1 Comparison of Waste-Derived Residue to Normal Residue
To be eligible for the Bevill exclusion from the definition of
hazardous waste under 40 CFR 266.112(b)(1), waste-derived residue must
not contain Appendix VIII, Part 261, constituents that could reasonably
be attributable to the hazardous waste (toxic constituents) at
concentrations significantly higher than in residue generated without
burning or processing hazardous waste (normal residue). Concentrations
of toxic constituents in normal residue are determined based on analysis
of a minimum of 10 samples representing a minimum of 10 days of
operation. The statistically-derived concentrations in normal residue
are determined as the upper tolerance limit (95% confidence with a 95%
proportion of the sample distribution) of the normal residue
concentrations. The upper tolerance limit is to be determined as
described in Section 7.2 below. If changes in raw materials or fuels
could lower the statistically-derived concentrations of toxic
constituents of concern, the statistically-derived baseline must be re-
established for any such mode of operation with the new raw material or
fuel.
Concentrations of toxic constituents in waste-derived residue are
determined based on the analysis of one or more samples collected over a
compositing period of not more than 24 hours. Mulitple samples of the
waste-derived residue may be analyzed or subsamples may be composited
for analysis, provided that the sampling period does not exceed 24
hours. If more than one sample is analyzed to characterize the waste-
derived residue generated over a 24-hour period, the arithmetic mean of
the concentrations must be used as the waste-derived concentration for
each constituent.
The concentration of a toxic constituent in the waste-derived
residue is not considered to be significantly higher than in the normal
residue (i.e., the residue passes the Bevill test for that constituent)
if the concentration in the waste-derived residue does not exceed the
statistically-derived concentration.
7.2 Calculation of the Upper Tolerance Limit
The 95% confidence with 95% proportion of the sample distribution
(upper tolerance limit) is calculated for a set of values assuming that
the values are normally distributed. The upper tolerance limit is a one-
sided calculation and is an appropriate statistical test for cases in
which a single value (the waste-derived residue concentration) is
compared to the distribution of a range of values (the minimum of 10
measurements of normal residue concentrations). The upper tolerance
limit value is determined as follows:
UTL = X + (K)(S)
where X = mean of the normal residue concentrations, X = X i/
n,
K = coefficient for sample size n, 95% confidence and 95% proportion,
S = standard deviation of the normal residue concentrations,
S = ((Xi - X)\2\/(n - 1))\0\.\5\, and
n = sample size.
The values of K at the 95% confidence and 95% proportion, and sample
size n are given in Table 7.0-1.
For example, a normal residue test results in 10 samples with the
following analytical results for toxic constituent A:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Concentration
Sample No. of constituent
A (ppm)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1....................................................... 10
2....................................................... 10
3....................................................... 15
4....................................................... 10
5....................................................... 7
6....................................................... 12
7....................................................... 10
8....................................................... 16
9....................................................... 15
10...................................................... 10
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The mean and the standard deviation of these measurements,
calculated using the above equations, are 11.5 and 2.9, respectively.
Assuming that the values are normally distributed, the upper tolerance
limit (UTL) is given by:
UTL=11.5+(2.911)(2.9)=19.9 ppm
This, if the concentration of constituent A in the waste-derived
residue is below 19.9 ppm, then the waste-derived residue is eligible
for the Bevill exclusion for constituent A.
7.3 Normal Distribution Assumption
As noted in Section 7.2 above, this statistical approach (use of the
upper tolerance limit) for calculation of the concentration in normal
residue is based on the assumption that the concentration data are
distributed normally. The Agency is aware that concentration data of
this type may not always be distributed normally, particularly when
concentrations are near the detection limits. There are a number of
procedures that can be used to test the distribution of a data set. For
example, the Shapiro-Wilk test, examination of a histogram or plot of
the data on normal probability paper, and examination of the coefficient
of skewness are methods that may be applicable, depending on the nature
of the data (References 1 and 2).
[[Page 100]]
If the concentration data are not adequately represented by a normal
distribution, the data may be transformed to attain a near normal
distribution. The Agency has found that concentration data, especially
when near detection levels, often exhibit a lognormal distribution. The
assumption of a lognormal distribution has been used in various programs
at EPA, such as in the Office of Solid Waste Land Disposal Restrictions
program for determination of BDAT treatment standards. The transformed
data may be tested for normality using the procedures identified above.
If the transformed data are better represented by a normal distribution
than the untransformed data, the transformed data should be used in
determining the upper tolerance limit using the procedures in Section
7.2 above.
In all cases where the owner or operator wishes to use other than an
assumption of normally distributed data or believes that use of an
alternate statistical approach is appropriate to the specific data set,
he/she must provide supporting rationale in the operating record that
demonstrates that the data treatment is based upon sound statistical
practice.
7.4 Nondetect Values
The Agency is developing guidance regarding the treatment of
nondetect values (data where the concentration of the constituent being
measured is below the lowest concentration for which the analytical
method is valid) in carrying out the statistical determination described
above. Until the guidance information is available, facilities may
present their own approach to the handling of nondetect data points, but
must provide supporting rationale in the operating record for
consideration by the Director.
Table 7.0-1.--K Values for 95% Confidence and 95% Proportion
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sample size (n) K
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10......................................................... 2.911
11......................................................... 2.815
12......................................................... 2.736
13......................................................... 2.670
14......................................................... 2.614
15......................................................... 2.566
16......................................................... 2.523
17......................................................... 2.486
18......................................................... 2.458
19......................................................... 2.423
20......................................................... 2.396
21......................................................... 2.371
22......................................................... 2.350
23......................................................... 2.329
24......................................................... 2.303
25......................................................... 2.292
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.5 References
1. Shapiro, S.S. and Wilk, M.B. (1965), ``An Analysis of Variance
Test for Normality (complete samples),'' Biometrika, 52,591-611.
2. Bhattacharyya, G.K. and R.A. Johnson (1977), Statistical Concepts
and Methods, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Section 8.0--Procedures for Determining Default Values for Air Pollution
Control System Removal Efficiencies
During interim status, owners or operators of boilers and industrial
furnaces burning hazardous waste must submit documentation to EPA that
certifies that emissions of HCl, C12, metals, and particulate
matter (PM) are not likely to exceed allowable emission rates. See
certification of precompliance under 40 CFR 266.103(b). This
documentation also establishes interim status feed rate and operating
limits for the facility. For the initial certification, estimates of
emissions and system removal efficiencies (SREs) can be made to
establish the operating limits. Subsequently, owners or operators must
use emissions testing to demonstrate that emissions do not exceed
allowable levels, and to establish operating limits. See 40 CFR
266.103(c). However, initial estimates of emissions for certification of
precompliance can be based on estimated or established SREs.
The SRE combines the effect of partitioning of the chorine, metals,
or PM and the air pollution control system removal efficiency (APCS RE)
for these pollutants. The SRE is defined as:
SRE=(species input--species emitted) / species input
The SRE can be calculated from the partitioning factor (PF) and APCS
RE by the following formula:
SRE=1--[(PF/l00) X (1--APCS RE/100)]
where:
PF=percentage of the pollutant partitioned to the combustion gas
Estimates of the PF and/or the APCS RE can be based on either EPA's
default values or engineering judgement. EPA's `default values for the
APCS RE for metals, HCl, Cl2, and PM are described in this
section. EPA's default values for partitioning of these pollutants are
described in section 9.0.
Guidelines for the use of engineering judgement to estimate APCS REs
or PFs are described in section 9.4.
8.1 APCS RE Default Values for Metals
EPA's default assumptions for APCS RE for metals are shown in Table
8.1-1. The default values in the table are conservative estimates of the
removal efficiencies for metals in BIFs, depending on the volatility of
the metal and the type of APCS.
The volatility of a metal depends on the temperature, the thermal
input, the chlorine
[[Page 101]]
content of the waste, and the identity and concentration of the metal.
Metals that do not vaporize at combustion zone temperatures are
classified as ``nonvolatile''. Such metals typically enter the APCS in
the form of large particles that are removed relatively easily. Metals
that vaporize in the combustion zone and condense before entering the
APCS are classified as ``volatile''. Such metals typically enter the
APCS in the form of very fine, submicron particles that are rather
inefficiently removed in many APCSs. Metals that vaporize in the
combustion zone and do not condense before entering the APCS are
classified as ``very volatile''. Such metals enter the APCS in the form
of a vapor that is very inefficiently removed in many APCSs.
Typically, BIFs have combustion zone temperatures high enough to
vaporize any hazardous metal at concentrations sufficient to exceed
risk-based emission limits. For this reason, the default assumption is
that there are no nonvolatile metals. Tables 8.1-2 and 8.1-3 are used to
determine whether metals are classified as ``volatile'' or ``very
volatile'' depending on the temperature entering the APCS, the thermal
input, and whether the waste is chlorinated or nonchlorinated.
Table 8.1-1.--Air Pollution Control Systems (APCS) and Their
Conservatively Estimated Efficiencies for Controlling Toxic Metals (%)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metal Volatility
--------------------------------------
APCS Very
Nonvolatile Volatile Volatile
------------------------------------------------------------------------
WS............................... 40 30 20
VS-20............................ 80 75 20
VS-60............................ 87 75 40
ESP-1............................ 90 75 0
ESP-2............................ 92 80 0
ESP-4............................ 95 80 0
WESP............................. 90 85 40
FF............................... 90 80 0
SD/FF............................ 97 90 0
DS/FF............................ 95 90 0
IWS.............................. 90 87 75
------------------------------------------------------------------------
WS=Wet Scrubber including: Sieve Tray Tower, Packed Tower, Bubble Cap
Tower
VS-20=Venturi Scrubber, ca. 20-30 in W.G. p
VS-60=Venturi Scrubber, ca. >60 in W.G. p
ESP-l=Electrostatic Precipitator; 1 stage
ESP-2=Electrostatic Precipitator; 2 stage
ESP-4=Electrostatic Precipitator; 4 stage
IWS=Ionizing Wet Scrubber
DS=Dry Scrubber
FF=Fabric Filter (Baghouse)
SD=Spray Dryer (Wet/Dry Scrubber)
WESP=Wet Electrostatic Precipitator
Table 8.1-2.--Temperature (F) Entering APCS Above Which Metals Are Classified as Very Volatile in Combustion of
Nonchlorinated Wastes
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metal Thermal Input (MMBtu/hr)\1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name Symbol 1 10 100 1000 10000
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Arsenic.................................... As 320 280 240 200 160
Cadmium.................................... Cd 1040 940 860 780 720
Chromium................................... Cr 2000 1760 1580 1420 1380
Beryllium.................................. Be 1680 1440 1240 1080 980
Antimony................................... Sb 680 600 540 480 420
Barium..................................... Ba 2240 1820 1540 1360 1240
Lead....................................... Pb 1280 1180 1080 1000 920
Mercury.................................... Hg 340 300 260 220 180
Silver..................................... Ag 1820 1640 1480 1340 1220
Thallium................................... Tl 900 800 700 620 540
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Interpolation of thermal input is not allowed. If a BIF fires between two ranges, the APCS temperature under
the higher thermal input must be used.
Example: For a BIF firing 10-100 MMBtu/hr, Mercury is considered very volatile at APCS temperatures above 260 F
and volatile at APCS temperatures of 260 F and below.
Table 8.1-3.--Temperature (F) Entering APCS Above Which Metals Are Classified as Very Volatile In Combustion of
Chlorinated Wastes
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Metal Thermal Input (MMBtu/hr)\1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name Symbol 1 10 100 1000 10000
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Arsenic.................................... As 320 280 240 200 160
Cadmium.................................... Cd 1040 940 860 780 720
Chromium................................... Cr >140 >140 >140 >140 >140
Beryllium.................................. Be 1680 1440 1240 1080 980
Antimony................................... Sb 680 600 540 480 420
Barium..................................... Ba 2060 1840 1680 1540 1420
Lead....................................... Pb >140 >140 >140 >140 >140
Mercury.................................... Hg 340 300 260 220 180
[[Page 102]]
Silver..................................... Ag 1080 940 840 740 660
Thallium................................... Tl 900 800 700 620 540
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Interpolation of thermal input is not allowed. If a BIF fires between two ranges, the APCS temperature under
the higher thermal input must be used.
Example: For a BIF firing 10-100 MMBtu/hr, Mercury is considered very volatile at APCS temperatures above 260 F
and volatile at APCS temperatures of 260 F and below.
A waste is considered chlorinated if chlorine is present in
concentrations greater than 0.1 percent by weight. In the EPA guidance
document ``Guidance for Metals and Hydrogen Chloride Controls for
Hazardous Waste Incinerators, Volume IV of the Hazardous Waste
Incineration Guidance Series,``(1) one percent is used for the
chlorinated/nonchlorinated cutoff. However, best engineering judgement,
based on examination of pilot-scale data reported by Carroll et al. (2)
on the effects of waste chlorine content on metals emissions, suggests
that the 1 percent cutoff may not be sufficiently conservative.
Tables 8.1-2 and 8.1-3 were compiled based on equilibrium
calculations. Metals are classified as very volatile at all temperatures
above the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the metal is
greater than 10 percent of the vapor pressure that results in emissions
exceeding the most conservative risk-based emissions limits.
8.2 APCS RE Default Values for HCl and Cl2
Default assumptions for APCS RE for HCl in BIFs are shown in Table
8.2-1. This table is identical to the column for other BIFs except that
cement kilns have a minimum HCl removal efficiency of 83 percent.
Because of the alkaline nature of the raw materials in cement kilns,
most of the chlorine is converted to chloride salts. Thus, the minimum
APCS RE for HCl for cement kilns is independent of the APCS train.
Removal efficiency of Cl2 for most types of APCS is
generally minimal. Therefore, the default assumption for APCS RE for
Cl2 for all APCSs is 0 percent. This is applicable to all
BIFs, including cement kilns.
8.3 APCS RE Default Values for Ash
Default assumptions for APCS RE for PM are also shown in Table 8.1-
4. These figures are conservative estimates of PM removal efficiencies
for different types of APCSs. They are identical to the figures in the
Nonvolatile APCS RE column for hazardous metals presented in Table 8.1-1
because the same collection mechanisms and collection efficiencies that
apply to nonvolatile metals also apply to PM.
Table 8.2-1.--Air Pollution Control Systems (APCS) and Their
Conservatively Estimated Efficiencies for Removing Hydrogen Chloride
(HCl) and Particulate Matter (PM) (%)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
HCl
--------------------------------
APCD Cement Other
kilns BIFs PM
------------------------------------------------------------------------
WS..................................... 97 97 40
VS-20.................................. 97 97 80
VS-60.................................. 98 98 87
ESP-1.................................. 83 0 90
ESP-2.................................. 83 0 92
ESP-4.................................. 83 0 95
WESP................................... 83 70 90
FF..................................... 83 0 90
SD/FF.................................. 98 98 97
DS/FF.................................. 98 98 95
WS/IWS................................. 99 99 95
IWS.................................... 99 99 90
------------------------------------------------------------------------
WS=Wet Scrubber including: Sieve Tray Tower, Packed Tower, Bubble Cap
Tower
PS=Proprietary Wet Scrubber Design (A number of proprietary wet
scrubbers have come on the market in recent years that are
highly efficient on both particulates and corrosive gases. Two
such units are offered by Calvert Environmental Equipment Co.
and by Hydro-Sonic Systems, Inc.).
VS-20=Venturi Scrubber, ca. 20-30 in W.G. p
VS-60=Venturi Scrubber, ca. >60 in W.G. p
ESP-l=Electrostatic Precipitator; 1 stage
ESP-2=Electrostatic Precipitator; 2 stage
ESP-4=Electrostatic Precipitator; 4 stage
IWS=Ionizing Wet Scrubber
DS=Dry Scrubber
FF=Fabric Filter (Baghouse)
SD=Spray Dryer (Wet/Dry Scrubber)
8.4 References
1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. ``Guidance on Metals and
Hydrogen Chloride Controls for Hazardous Waste Incinerators,''
Office of Solid Waste, Washington, DC, August 1989.
2. Carroll, G.J., R.C. Thurnau, R.E. Maurnighan, L.R. Waterland, J.W.
Lee, and D.J. Fournier. The Partitioning of
[[Page 103]]
Metals in Rotary Kiln Incineration. Proceedings of the Third
International Conference on New Frontiers for Hazardous Waste
Management. NTIS Document No. EPA/600/9-89/072, p. 555 (1989).
Section 9.0--Procedures for Determining Default Values for Partitioning
of Metals, Ash, and Total Chloride/Chlorine
Pollutant partitioning factor estimates can come from two sources:
default assumptions or engineering judgement. EPA's default assumptions
are discussed below for metals, HCl, Cl2, and PM. The default
assumptions are used to conservatively predict the partitioning factor
for several types of BIFs. Engineering judgement-based partitioning
factor estimates are discussed in section 9.4.
9.1 Partitioning Default Value for Metals
To be conservative, the Agency is assuming that 100 percent of each
metal in each feed stream is partitioned to the combustion gas. Owners/
operators may use this default value or a supportable, site-specific
value developed following the general guidelines provided in section
9.4.
9.2 Special Procedures for Chlorine, HCl, and Cl2
The Agency has established the special procedures presented below
for chlorine because the emission limits are based on the pollutants HCl
and Cl2 formed from chlorine fed to the combustor. Therefore, the owner/
operator must estimate the controlled emission rate of both HCl and
Cl2 and show that they do not exceed allowable levels.
1. The default partitioning value for the fraction of chlorine in
the total feed streams that is partitioned to combustion gas is 100
percent. Owners/operators may use this default value or a supportable,
site-specific value developed following the general guidelines provided
in section 9.4.
2. To determine the partitioning of chlorine in the combustion gas
to HCl versus Cl2, either use the default values below or use
supportable site-specific values developed following the general
guidelines provided in section 9.4.
For BIFs excluding halogen acid furnaces (HAFs), with a
total feed stream chlorine/hydrogen ratio 0.95, the default
partitioning factor is 20 percent Cl2, 80 percent HCl.
For HAFs and for BIFs with a total feed stream chlorine/
hydrogen ratio >0.95, the default partitioning factor is 100 percent
Cl2.
3. To determine the uncontrolled (i.e., prior to acid gas APCS)
emission rate of HCl and Cl2, multiply the feed rate of
chlorine times the partitioning factor for each pollutant. Then, for
HCl, convert the chlorine emission rate to HCl by multiplying it by the
ratio of the molecular weight of HCl to the molecular weight of Cl
(i.e., 36.5/35.5). No conversion is needed for Cl2.
9.3 Special Procedures for Ash
This section: (1) Explains why ash feed rate limits are not
applicable to cement and light-weight aggregate kilns; (2) presents the
default partitioning values for ash; and (3) explains how to convert the
0.08 gr/dscf, corrected to 7% O2, PM emission limit to a PM
emission rate.
Waiver for Cement and Light-Weight Aggregate Kilns. For cement kilns
and light-weight aggregate kilns, raw material feed streams contain the
vast majority of the ash input, and a significant amount of the ash in
the feed stream is entrained into the kiln exhaust gas. For these
devices, the ash content of the hazardous waste stream is expected to
have a negligible effect on total ash emissions. For this reason, there
is no ash feed rate compliance limit for cement kilns or light-weight
aggregate kilns. Nonetheless, cement kilns and light-weight aggregate
kilns are required to initially certify that PM emissions are not likely
to exceed the PM limit, and subsequently, certify through compliance
testing that the PM limit is not exceeded.
Default Partitioning Value for Ash. The default assumption for
partitioning of ash depends on the feed stream firing system. There are
two methods by which materials may be fired into BIFs: Suspension-firing
and bed-firing.
The suspension category includes atomized and lanced pumpable
liquids and suspension-fired pulverized solids. The default partitioning
assumption for materials fired by these systems is that 100 percent of
the ash partitions to the combustion gas.
The bed-fired category consists principally of stoker boilers and
raw materials (and in some cases containerized hazardous waste) fed into
cement and light-weight aggregate kilns. The default partitioning
assumption for materials fired on a bed is that 5 percent of the ash
partitions to the combustion gas.
Converting the PM Concentration-Based Standard to a PM Mass Emission
Rate. The emission limit for BIFs is 0.08 gr/dscf, corrected to 7%
02, unless a more stringent standard applies [e.g., a New
Source Performance Standard (NSPS) or a State standard implemented under
the State Implementation Plan (SIP)]. To convert the 0.08 gr/dscf
standard to a PM mass emission rate:
1. Determine the flue gas 02 concentration (percent by
volume, dry) and flue gas flow rate (dry standard cubic feet per
minute); and
2. Calculate the allowable PM mass emission rate by multiplying the
concentration- based PM emission standard times the flue
[[Page 104]]
gas flow rate times a dilution correction factor equal to [(21-
02 concentration from step 1)/(21-7)].
9.4 Use of Engineering Judgement To Estimate Partitioning and APCS RE
Values
Engineering judgement may be used in place of EPA's conservative
default assumptions to estimate partitioning and APCS RE values provided
that the engineering judgement is defensible and properly documented. To
properly document engineering judgement, the owner/operator must keep a
written record of all assumptions and calculations necessary to justify
the APCS RE used. The owner/operator must provide this record to the
Director upon request and must be prepared to defend the assumptions and
calculations used.
If the engineering judgement is based on emissions testing, the
testing will often document the emission rate of a pollutant relative to
the feed rate of that pollutant rather than the partitioning factor or
APCS RE.
Examples of situations where the use of engineering judgement may be
supportable to estimate a partitioning factor, APCS RE, or SRE include:
Using emissions testing data from the facility to support
an SRE, even though the testing may not meet full QA/QC procedures
(e.g., triplicate test runs). The closer the test results conform with
full QA/QC procedures and the closer the operating conditions during the
test conform with the established operating conditions for the facility,
the more supportable the engineering judgement will be.
Applying emissions testing data documenting an SRE for one
metal, including nonhazardous surrogate metals to another less volatile
metal.
Applying emissions testing data documenting an SRE from one
facility to a similar facility.
Using APCS vendor guarantees of removal efficiency.
9.5 Restrictions on Use of Test Data
The measurement of an SRE or an APCS RE may be limited by the
detection limits of the measurement technique. If the emission of a
pollutant is undetectable, then the calculation of SRE or APCS RE should
be based on the lower limit of detectability. An SRE or APCS RE of 100
percent is not acceptable.
Further, mass balance data of facility inputs, emissions, and
products/residues may not be used to support a partitioning factor,
given the inherent uncertainties of such procedures. Partitioning
factors other than the default values may be supported based on
engineering judgement, considering, for example, process chemistry.
Emissions test data may be used to support an engineering judgement-
based SRE, which includes both partitioning and APCS RE.
9.5 References
1. Barton, R.G., W.D. Clark, and W.R. Seeker. (1990) ``Fate of Metals in
Waste Combustion Systems''. Combustion Science and Technology.
74, 1-6, p. 327
Section 10.0--Alternative Methodology for Implementing Metals Controls
10.1 Applicability
This method for controlling metals emissions applies to cement kilns
and other industrial furnaces operating under interim status that
recycle emission control residue back into the furnace.
10.2 Introduction
Under this method, cement kilns and other industrial furnaces that
recycle emission control residue back into the furnace must comply with
a kiln dust concentration limit (i.e., a collected particulate matter
(PM) limit) for each metal, as well as limits on the maximum feedrates
of each of the metals in: (1) pumpable hazardous waste; and (2) all
hazardous waste.
The following subsections describe how this method for controlling
metals emissions is to be implemented:
Subsection 10.3 discusses the basis of the method and the
assumptions upon which it is founded;
Subsection 10.4 provides an overview of the implementation
of the method;
Subsection 10.5 is a step-by-step procedure for
implementation of the method;
Subsection 10.6 describes the compliance procedures for
this method; and
Appendix A describes the statistical calculations and tests
to be used in the method.
10.3 Basis
The viability of this method depends on three fundamental
assumptions:
(1) Variations in the ratio of the metal concentration in the
emitted particulate to the metal concentration in the collected kiln
dust (referred to as the enrichment factor or EF) for any given metal at
any given facility will fall within a normal distribution that can be
experimentally determined.
(2) The metal concentrations in the collected kiln dust can be
accurately and representatively measured (using procedures specified in
``Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods''
(SW-846), incorporated by reference in 40 CFR 260.11).
(3) The facility will remain in compliance with the applicable
particulate matter (PM) emission standard.
[[Page 105]]
Given these assumptions. metal emissions can be related to the
measured concentrations in the collected kiln dust by the following
equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.014
Where:
ME is the metal emitted;
PME is the particulate matter emitted;
DMC is the metal concentration in the collected kiln dust; and
EF is the enrichment factor, which is the ratio of the metal
concentration in the emitted particulate matter to the metal
concentration in the collected kiln dust.
This equation can be rearranged to calculate a maximum allowable
dust metal concentration limit (DMCL) by assuming worst-case conditions
that: metal emissions are at the Tier III (or Tier II) limit (see 40 CFR
266.106), and that particulate emissions are at the particulate matter
limit (PML):
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.015
The enrichment factor used in the above equation must be determined
experimentally from a minimum of 10 tests in which metal concentrations
are measured in kiln dust and stack samples taken simultaneously. This
approach provides a range of enrichment factors that can be inserted
into a statistical distribution (t-distribution) to determine
EF95 and EF99.
EF95 is the value at which there is a 95% confidence
level that the enrichment factor is below this value at any given time.
Similarly, EF99 is the value at which there is a 99%
confidence level that the enrichment factor is below this value at any
given time. EF95 is used to calculate the
``violation'' dust metal concentration limit (DMCLv):
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.016
If the kiln dust metal concentration is just above this
``violation'' limit, and the PM emissions are at the PM emissions limit,
there is a 5% chance that the metal emissions are above the Tier III
limit. In such a case, the facility would be in violation of the metals
standard.
[[Page 106]]
To provide a margin of safety, a second, more conservative kiln dust
metal concentration limit is also used. This ``conservative'' dust metal
concentration limit (DMCLc) is calculated using a ``safe''
enrichment factor (SEF). If EF99 is greater than two
times the value of EF95, the ``safe'' enrichment
factor can be calculated using Equation 4a:
SEF2 EF95 (4a)Q02
If EF99 is not greater than two times the value
of EF95, the ``safe'' enrichment factor can be
calculated using Equation 4b:
SEF EF99 (4b)
In cases where the enrichment factor cannot be determined because
the kiln dust metal concentration is nondetectable, the ``safe''
enrichment factor is as follows:
SEF=100 (4c)
For all cases, the ``conservative'' dust metal concentration limit
is calculated using the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.017
If the kiln dust metal concentration at a facility is just above the
``conservative'' limit based on that ``safe'' enrichment factor provided
in Equation 4a, and the PM emissions are at the PM emissions limit,
there is a 5% chance that the metal emissions are above one-half the
Tier III limit. If the kiln dust metal concentration at the facility is
just above the ``conservative'' limit based on the ``safe'' enrichment
factor provided in Equation 4b, and the PM emissions are at the PM
emissions limit, there is a 1% chance that the metal emissions are above
the Tier III limit. In either case, the facility would be unacceptably
close to a violation. If this situation occurs more than 5% of the time,
the facility would be required to rerun the series of 10 tests to
determine the enrichment factor. To avoid this expense. the facility
would be advised to reduce its metals feedrates or to take other
appropriate measures to maintain its kiln dust metal concentrations in
compliance with the ``conservative'' dust metal concentration limits.
In cases where the enrichment factor cannot be determined because
the kiln dust metal concentration is nondetectable, and thus no
EF95 exists, the ``violation'' dust metal
concentration limit is set at ten times the ``conservative'' limit:
DMCLv=10 x DMCLc (6)
10.4 Overview
The flowchart for implementing the method is shown in Figure 10.4-1.
The general procedure is as follows:
Follow the certification of precompliance procedures
described in subsection 10.6 (to comply with 40 CFR 266.103(b)).
For each metal of concern, perform a series of tests to
establish the relationship (enrichment factor) between the concentration
of emitted metal and the metal concentration in the collected kiln dust.
Use the demonstrated enrichment factor, in combination with
the Tier III (or Tier II) metal emission limit and the most stringent
applicable particulate emission limit, to calculate the ``violation''
and ``conservative'' dust metal concentration limits. Include this
information with the certification of compliance under 40 CFR
266.103(c).
[[Page 107]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AU92.042
Perform daily and/or weekly monitoring of the cement kiln
dust metal concentration to ensure (with appropriate QA/QC) that the
metal concentration does not exceed either limit.
--If the cement kiln dust metal concentration exceeds the
``conservative'' limit more than 5% of the time (i.e., more than three
failures in last 60 tests), the series of tests to determine the
enrichment factor must be repeated.
--If the cement kiln dust metal concentration exceeds the ``violation''
limit, a violation has occurred.
Perform quarterly tests to verify that the enrichment
factor has not increased significantly. If the enrichment factor has
increased, the series of tests to determine the enrichment factor must
be repeated.
[[Page 108]]
10.5 Implementation Procedures
A step-by-step description for implementing the method is provided
below:
(1) Prepare initial limits and test plans.
Determine the Tier III metal emission limit. The Tier II
metal emission limit may also be used (see 40 CFR 266.106).
Determine the applicable PM emission standard. This
standard is the most stringent particulate emission standard that
applies to the facility. A facility may elect to restrict itself to an
even more stringent self-imposed PM emission standard, particularly if
the facility finds that it is easier to control particulate emissions
than to reduce the kiln dust concentration of a certain metal (i.e.,
lead).
Determine which metals need to be monitored (i.e., all
hazardous metals for which Tier III emission limits are lower than PM
emission limits--assuming PM is pure metal).
Follow the compliance procedures described in Subsection
10.6.
Follow the guidelines described in SW-846 for preparing
test plans and waste analysis plans for the following tests:
--Compliance tests to determine limits on metal feedrates in pumpable
hazardous wastes and in all hazardous wastes (as well as to determine
other compliance parameters);
--Initial tests to determine enrichment factors;
--Quarterly tests to verify enrichment factors;
--Analysis of hazardous waste feedstreams; and
--Daily and/or weekly monitoring of kiln dust for continuing compliance.
(2) Conduct tests to determine the enrichment factor.
These tests must be conducted within a 14-day period. No
more than two tests may be conducted in any single day. If the tests are
not completed within a 14-day period, they must be repeated.
Simultaneous stack samples and kiln dust samples must be
taken.
--Stack sampling must be conducted with the multiple metals train
according to procedures provided in section 10.3 of this Methods Manual.
--Kiln dust sampling must be conducted as follows:
--Follow the sampling and analytical procedures described in SW-846 and
the waste analysis plan as they pertain to the condition and
accessibility of the dust.
--Samples should be representative of the last ESP or Fabric Filter in
the APCS series.
The feedrates of hazardous metals in all pumpable hazardous
waste streams and in all hazardous waste streams must be monitored
during these tests. It is recommended (but not required) that the
feedrates of hazardous metals in all feedstreams also be monitored.
At least ten single (noncomposited) runs are required
during the tests.
--The facility must follow a normal schedule of kiln dust recharging for
all of the tests.
--Three of the first five tests must be compliance tests in conformance
with 40 CFR 266.103(c); i.e., they must be used to determine maximum
allowable feedrates of metals in pumpable hazardous wastes. and in all
hazardous wastes, as well as to determine other compliance limits (see
40 CFR 266.103(c)(1)).
--The remainder of the tests need not be conducted under full compliance
test conditions; however, the facility must operate at its compliance
test production rate, and it must burn hazardous waste during these
tests such that the feedrate of each metal for pumpable and total
hazardous wastes is at least 25% of the feedrate during compliance
testing. If these criteria, and those discussed below, are not met for
any parameter during a test, then either the test is not valid for
determining enrichment factors under this method, or the compliance
limits for that parameter must be established based on these test
conditions rather than on the compliance test conditions.
Verify that compliance emission limits are not exceeded.
--Metal emissions must not exceed Tier III (or Tier II) limits.
--PM emissions must not exceed the most stringent of applicable PM
standards (or an optional self-imposed particulate standard).
The facility must generate normal, marketable product using
normal raw materials and fuels under normal operating conditions (for
parameters other than those specified under this method) when these
tests are conducted.
Chromium must be treated as a special case:
--The enrichment factor for total chromium is calculated in the same way
as the enrichment factor for other metals (i.e., the enrichment factor
is the ratio of the concentration of total chromium in the emitted
particulate matter to the concentration of total chromium in the
collected kiln dust).
--The enrichment factor for hexavalent chromium (if measured) is defined
as the ratio of the concentration of hexavalent chromium in the emitted
particulate matter to the concentration of total chromium in the
collected kiln dust.
(3) Use the enrichment factors measured in Step 2 to determine
EF95, EF99, and SEF.
Calculate EF95 and
EF99 according to the t-distribution as described in
Appendix A
Calculate SEF by
[[Page 109]]
--Equation 4a if EF95 is determinable and if
EF99 is greater than two times
EF95,
--Equation 4b if EF95 is determinable and if
EF99 is not greater than two times
EF95.
--Equation 4c if EF95 is not determinable.
The facility may choose to set an even more conservative SEF to give
itself a larger margin of safety between the point where corrective
action is necessary and the point where a violation occurs.
(4) Prepare certification of compliance.
Calculate the ``conservative'' dust metal concentration
limit (DMCLc) using Equation 5.
--Chromium is treated as a special case. The ``conservative'' kiln dust
chromium concentration limit is set for total chromium, not for
hexavalent chromium. The limit for total chromium must be calculated
using the Tier III (or Tier II) metal limit for hexavalent chromium.
--If the stack samples described in Step 2 were analyzed for hexavalent
chromium, the SEF based on the hexavalent chromium enrichment factors
(as defined in Step 2) must be used in this calculation.
--If the stack samples were not analyzed for hexavalent chromium, then
the SEF based on the total chromium enrichment factor must be used in
this calculation.
Calculate the ``violation'' dust metal concentration limit
(DMCLv) using Equation 3 if EF95 is
determinable, or using Equation 6 if EF95 is not
determinable.
--Chromium is treated as a special case. The ``violation'' kiln dust
chromium concentration limit is set for total chromium, not for
hexavalent chromium. The limit for total chromium must be calculated
using the Tier III (or Tier II) metal limit for hexavalent chromium.
--If the stack samples taken in Step 2 were analyzed for hexavalent
chromium, the EF95 based on the hexavalent chromium
enrichment factor (as defined in Step 2) should be used in this
calculation.
--If the stack samples were not analyzed for hexavalent chromium, the
EF95 based on the total chromium enrichment factor
must be used in this calculation.
Submit certification of compliance.
Steps 2-4 must be repeated for recertification, which is
required once every 3 years (see Sec. 266.103(d)).
(5) Monitor metal concentrations in kiln dust for continuing
compliance, and maintain compliance with all compliance limits for the
duration of interim status.
Metals to be monitored during compliance testing are
classified as either ``critical'' or ``noncritical'' metals.
--All metals must initially be classified as ``critical'' metals and be
monitored on a daily basis.
--A ``critical'' metal may be reclassified as a ``noncritical'' metal if
its concentration in the kiln dust remains below 10% of its
``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration limit for 30 consecutive
daily samples. ``Noncritical'' metals must be monitored on a weekly
basis.
--A ``noncritical'' metal must be reclassified as a ``critical'' metal
if its concentration in the kiln dust is above 10% of its
``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration limit for any single
daily or weekly sample.
Noncompliance with the sampling and analysis schedule
prescribed by this method is a violation of the metals controls under
Sec. 266.103.
Follow the sampling, compositing, and analytical procedures
described in this method and in SW-846 as they pertain to the condition
and accessibility of the kiln dust.
Follow the same procedures and sample at the same locations
as were used for kiln dust samples collected to determine the enrichment
factors (as discussed in Step 2).
Samples must be collected at least once every 8 hours, and
a daily composite must be prepared according to SW-846 procedures.
--At least one composite sample is required. This sample is referred to
as the ``required'' sample.
--For QA/QC purposes, a facility may elect to collect two or more
additional samples. These samples are referred to as the ``spare''
samples. These additional samples must be collected over the same time
period and according to the same procedures as those used for the
``required'' sample.
--Samples for ``critical'' metals must be daily composites.
--Samples for ``noncritical'' metals must be weekly composites. These
samples can be composites of the original 8-hour samples, or they can be
composites of daily composite samples.
Analyze the ``required'' sample to determine the
concentration of each metal.
--This analysis must be completed within 48 hours of the close of the
sampling period. Failure to meet this schedule is a violation of the
metals standards of Sec. 266.103.
If the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration limit
is exceeded for any metal, refer to Step 8.
If the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration limit
is not exceeded, continue with the daily or weekly monitoring (Step 5)
for the duration of interim status.
Conduct quarterly enrichment factor verification tests, as
described in Step 6.
(6) Conduct quarterly enrichment factor verification tests.
After certification of compliance with the metals
standards, a facility must conduct quarterly enrichment factor
verification tests every three months for the duration of interim
status. The first quarterly test must be completed within three
[[Page 110]]
months of certification (or recertification). Each subsequent quarterly
test must be completed within three months of the preceding quarterly
test. Failure to meet this schedule is a violation.
Simultaneous stack samples and kiln dust samples must be
collected.
Follow the same procedures and sample at the same locations
as were used for kiln dust samples and stack samples collected to
determine the enrichment factors (as discussed in Step 2).
At least three single (noncomposited) runs are required.
These tests need not be conducted under the operating conditions of the
initial compliance test; however, the facility must operate under the
following conditions:
--It must operate at compliance test production rate.
--It must burn hazardous waste during the test, and for the 2-day period
immediately preceding the test, such that the feedrate of each metal for
pumpable and total hazardous wastes consist of at least 25% of the
operating limits established during the compliance test.
--It must remain in compliance with all compliance parameters (see
Sec. 266.103(c)(1)).
--It must follow a normal schedule of kiln dust recharging.
--It must generate normal marketable product from normal raw materials
during the tests.
(7) Conduct a statistical test to determine if the enrichment
factors measured in the quarterly verification tests have increased
significantly from the enrichment factors determined in the tests
conducted in Step 2. The enrichment factors have increased significantly
if all three of the following criteria are met:
By applying the t-test described in appendix A, it is
determined that the enrichment factors measured in the quarterly tests
are not taken from the same population as the enrichment factors
measured in the Step 2 tests;
The EF95 calculated for the combined
data sets (i.e., the quarterly test data and the original Step 2 test
data) according to the t-distribution (described in appendix A) is more
than 10% higher than the EF95 based on the
enrichment factors previously measured in Step 2; and
The highest measured kiln dust metal concentration recorded
in the previous quarter is more than 10% of the ``violation'' kiln dust
concentration limit that would be calculated from the combined
EF95%.
If the enrichment factors have increased significantly, the tests to
determine the enrichment factors must be repeated (refer to Step 11). If
the enrichment factors have not increased significantly, continue to use
the kiln dust metal concentration limits based on the enrichment factors
previously measured in Step 2, and continue with the daily and/or weekly
monitoring described in Step 5.
(8) If the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration limit was
exceeded for any metal in any single analysis of the ``required'' kiln
dust sample, the ``spare'' samples corresponding to the same period may
be analyzed to determine if the exceedance was due to a sampling or
analysis error.
If no ``spare'' samples were taken, refer to Step 9.
If the average of all the samples for a given day (or week,
as applicable) (including the ``required'' sample and the ``spare''
samples) does not exceed the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal
concentration limit, no corrective measures are necessary; continue with
the daily and/or weekly monitoring as described in Step 5.
If the average of all the samples for a given day (or week,
as applicable) exceeds the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal
concentration limit, but the average of the ``spare'' samples is below
the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration limit, apply the Q-
test, described in appendix A, to determine whether the ``required''
sample concentration can be judged as an outlier.
--If the ``required'' sample concentration is judged an outlier, no
corrective measures are necessary; continue with the daily and/or weekly
monitoring described in Step 5.
--If the ``required'' sample concentration is not judged an outlier,
refer to Step 9.
(9) Determine if the ``violation'' kiln dust metal concentration has
been exceeded based on either the average of all the samples collected
during the 24-hour period in question, or if discarding an outlier can
be statistically justified by the Q-test described in appendix A, on the
average of the remaining samples.
If the ``violation'' kiln dust metal concentration limit
has been exceeded, a violation of the metals controls under
Sec. 266.103(c) has occurred. Notify the Director that a violation has
occurred. Hazardous waste may be burned for testing purposes for up to
720 operating hours to support a revised certification of compliance.
Note that the Director may grant an extension of the hours of hazardous
waste burning under Sec. 266.103(c)(7) if additional burning time is
needed to support a revised certification for reasons beyond the control
of the owner or operator. Until a revised certification of compliance is
submitted to the Director, the feedrate of the metals in violation in
total and pumpable hazardous waste feeds is limited to 50% of the
previous compliance test limits.
If the ``violation'' kiln dust metal concentration has not
been exceeded:
--If the exceedance occurred in a daily composite sample, refer to Step
10.
--If the exceedance occurred in a weekly composite sample, refer to Step
11.
[[Page 111]]
(10) Determine if the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration
limit has been exceeded more than three times in the last 60 days.
If not, log this exceedance and continue with the daily
and/or weekly monitoring (Step 5).
If so, the tests to determine the enrichment factors must
be repeated (refer to Step 11).
This determination is made separately for each metal. For
example,
--Three exceedances for each of the ten hazardous metals are allowed
within any 60-day period.
--Four exceedances of any single metal in any 60-day period is not
allowed.
This determination should be made daily, beginning on the
first day of daily monitoring. For example, if four exceedances of any
single metal occur in the first four days of daily monitoring, do not
wait until the end of the 60-day period; refer immediately to Step 11.
(11) The tests to determine the enrichment factor must be repeated
if: (1) More than three exceedances of the ``conservative'' kiln dust
metal concentration limit occur within any 60 consecutive daily samples;
(2) an excursion of the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration
limit occurs in any weekly sample; or (3) a quarterly test indicates
that the enrichment factors have increased significantly.
The facility must notify the Director if these tests must
be repeated.
The facility has up to 720 hazardous-waste-burning hours to
redetermine the enrichment factors for the metal or metals in question
and to recertify (beginning with a return to Step 2). During this
period, the facility must reduce the feed rate of the metal in violation
by 50%. If the facility has not completed the recertification process
within this period, it must stop burning or obtain an extension.
Hazardous waste burning may resume only when the recertification process
(ending with Step 4) has been completed.
Meanwhile, the facility must continue with daily kiln dust
metals monitoring (Step 5) and must remain in compliance with the
``violation'' kiln dust metal concentration limits (Step 9).
10.6 Precompliance Procedures
Cement kilns and other industrial furnaces that recycle emission
control residue back into the furnace must comply with the same
certification schedules and procedures (with the few exceptions
described below) that apply to other boilers and industrial furnaces.
These schedules and procedures, as set forth in Sec. 266.103, require no
later than the effective date of the rule, each facility submit a
certification which establishes precompliance limits for a number of
compliance parameters (see Sec. 266.103(b)(3)), and that each facility
immediately begin to operate under these limits.
These precompliance limits must ensure that interim status emissions
limits for hazardous metals, particulate matter, HCl, and Cl2
are not likely to be exceeded. Determination of the values of the
precompliance limits must be made based on either (1) conservative
default assumptions provided in this Methods Manual, or (2) engineering
judgement.
The flowchart for implementing the precompliance procedures is shown
in Figure 10.6-1. The step-by-step precompliance implementation
procedure is described below. The precompliance implementation
procedures and numbering scheme are similar to those used for the
compliance procedures described in Subsection 10.5.
(1) Prepare initial limits and test plans.
Determine the Tier III metal emission limit. The Tier II
metal emission limit may also be used (see 40 CFR 266.106).
Determine the applicable PM emission standard. This
standard is the most stringent particulate emission standard that
applies to the facility. A facility may elect to restrict itself to an
even more stringent self-imposed PM emission standard, particularly if
the facility finds that it is easier to control particulate emissions
than to reduce the kiln dust concentration of a certain metal (i.e.,
lead).
Determine which metals need to be monitored (i.e., all
hazardous metals for which Tier III emission limits are lower than PM
emission limits, assuming PM is pure metal).
Follow the procedures described in SW-846 for preparing
waste analysis plans for the following tasks:
--Analysis of hazardous waste feedstreams.
--Daily and/or weekly monitoring of kiln dust concentrations for
continuing compliance.
(2) Determine the ``safe'' enrichment factor for precompliance. In
this context, the ``safe'' enrichment factor is a conservatively high
estimate of the enrichment factor (the ratio of the emitted metal
concentration to the metal concentration in the collected kiln dust).
The ``safe'' enrichment factor must be calculated from either
conservative default values, or engineering judgement.
[[Page 112]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AU92.043
Conservative default values for the ``safe'' enrichment
factor are as follows:
--SEF=10 for all hazardous metals except mercury. SEF=10 for antimony,
arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, lead, silver, and
thallium.
--SEF=100 for mercury.
Engineering judgement may be used in place of conservative
default assumptions provided that the engineering judgement is
defensible and properly documented. The facility must keep a written
record of all assumptions and calculations necessary to justify the SEF.
The facility must provide this record to EPA upon request and must be
prepared to defend these assumptions and calculations.
Examples of situations where the use of engineering judgement is
appropriate include:
--Use of data from precompliance tests;
--Use of data from previous compliance tests; and
--Use of data from similar facilities.
(3) This step does not apply to precompliance procedures.
(4) Prepare certification of precompliance.
[[Page 113]]
Calculate the ``conservative'' dust metal concentration
limit (DMCLc) using Equation 5.
Submit certification of precompliance. This certification
must include precompliance limits for all compliance parameters that
apply to other boilers and industrial furnaces (i.e., those that do not
recycle emission control residue back into the furnace) as listed in
Sec. 266.103(b)(3), except that it is not necessary to set precompliance
limits on maximum feedrate of each hazardous metal in all combined
feedstreams.
Furnaces that recycle collected PM back into the furnace
(and that elect to comply with this method (see Sec. 266.103(c)(3)(ii))
are subject to a special precompliance parameter, however. They must
establish precompliance limits on the maximum concentration of each
hazardous metal in collected kiln dust (which must be set according to
the procedures described above).
(5) Monitor metal concentration in kiln dust for continuing
compliance, and maintain compliance with all precompliance limits until
certification of compliance has been submitted.
Metals to be monitored during precompliance testing are
classified as either ``critical'' or ``noncritical'' metals.
--All metals must initially be classified as ``critical'' metals and be
monitored on a daily basis.
--A ``critical'' metal may be reclassified as a ``noncritical'' metal if
its concentration in the kiln dust remains below 10% of its
``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration limit for 30 consecutive
daily samples. ``Noncritical'' metals must be monitored on a weekly
basis, at a minimum.
--A ``noncritical'' metal must be reclassified as a ``critical'' metal
if its concentration in the kiln dust is above 10% of its
``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration limit for any single
daily or weekly sample.
It is a violation if the facility fails to analyze the kiln
dust for any ``critical'' metal on any single day or for any
``noncritical'' metal during any single week, when hazardous waste is
burned.
Follow the sampling, compositing, and analytical procedures
described in this method and in SW-846 as they pertain to the condition
and accessibility of the kiln dust.
Samples must be collected at least once every 8 hours, and
a daily composite prepared according to SW-846 procedures.
--At least one composite sample is required. This sample is referred to
as the ``required'' sample.
--For QA/QC purposes, a facility may elect to collect two or more
additional samples. These samples are referred to as the ``spare''
samples. These additional samples must be collected over the same time
period and according to the same procedures as those used for the
``required'' sample.
--Samples for ``critical'' metals must be daily composites.
--Samples for ``noncritical'' metals must be weekly composites, at a
minimum. These samples can be composites of the original 8-hour samples,
or they can be composites of daily composite samples.
Analyze the ``required'' sample to determine the
concentration of each metal.
--This analysis must be completed within 48 hours of the close of the
sampling period. Failure to meet this schedule is a violation.
If the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration limit
is exceeded for any metal, refer to Step 8.
If the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration limit
is not exceeded, continue with the daily and/or weekly monitoring (Step
5) for the duration of interim status.
(6) This step does not apply to precompliance procedures.
(7) This step does not apply to precompliance procedures.
(8) If the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration limit was
exceeded for any metal in any single analysis of the ``required'' kiln
dust sample, the ``spare'' samples corresponding to the same period may
be analyzed to determine if the exceedance is due to a sampling or
analysis error.
If no ``spare'' samples were taken, refer to Step 9.
If the average of all the samples for a given day (or week,
as applicable) (including the ``required'' sample and the ``spare''
samples) does not exceed the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal
concentration limit, no corrective measures are necessary; continue with
the daily and/or weekly monitoring as described in Step 5.
If the average of all the samples for a given day (or week,
as applicable) exceeds the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal
concentration limit, but the average of the ``spare'' samples is below
the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration limit, apply the Q-
test, described in appendix A, to determine whether the ``required''
sample concentration can be judged as an outlier.
--If the ``required'' sample concentration is judged an outlier, no
corrective measures are necessary; continue with the daily and/or weekly
monitoring described in Step 5.
--If the ``required'' sample concentration is not judged an outlier,
refer to Step 10.
(9) This step does not apply to precompliance procedures.
(10) Determine if the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration
limit has been exceeded more than three times in the last 60 days.
[[Page 114]]
If not, log this exceedance and continue with the daily
and/or weekly monitoring (Step 5).
If so, the tests to determine the enrichment factors must
be repeated (refer to Step 11).
This determination is made separately for each metal; for
example:
--Three exceedances for each of the ten hazardous metals are allowed
within any 60-day period.
--Four exceedances of any single metal in any 60-day period is not
allowed.
This determination should be made daily, beginning on the
first day of daily monitoring. For example, if four exceedances of any
single metal occur in the first four days of daily monitoring, do not
wait until the end of the 60-day period; refer immediately to Step 11.
(11) A revised certification of precompliance must be submitted to
the Director (or certification of compliance must be submitted) if: (1)
More than three exceedances of the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal
concentration limit occur within any 60 consecutive daily samples; or
(2) an exceedance of the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration
limit occurs in any weekly sample.
The facility must notify the Director if a revised
certification of precompliance must be submitted.
The facility has up to 720 waste-burning hours to submit a
certification of compliance or a revised certification of precompliance.
During this period, the feed rate of the metal in violation must be
reduced by 50%. In the case of a revised certification of precompliance,
engineering judgement must be used to ensure that the ``conservative''
kiln dust metal concentration will not be exceeded. Examples of how this
goal might be accomplished include:
--Changing equipment or operating procedures to reduce the kiln dust
metal concentration;
--Changing equipment or operating procedures, or using more detailed
engineering judgement, to decrease the estimated SEF and thus increase
the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration limit;
--Increasing the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration limit by
imposing a stricter PM emissions standard; or
--Increasing the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration limit by
performing a more detailed risk assessment to increase the metal
emission limits.
Meanwhile, the facility must continue with daily kiln dust
metals monitoring (Step 5).
Appendix A to Appendix IX to Part 266--Statistics
A.1 Determination of Enrichment Factor
After at least 10 initial emissions tests are performed, an
enrichment factor for each metal must be determined. At the 95%
confidence level, the enrichment factor, EF95 s, is
based on the test results and is statistically determined so there is
only a 5% chance that the enrichment factor at any given time will be
larger than EF95. Similarly, at the 99% confidence
level, the enrichment factor, EF99, is statistically
determined so there is only a 1% chance that the enrichment factor at
any given time will be larger than EF99.
For a large number of samples (n > 30), EF95 is
based on a normal distribution, and is equal to:
EF95=EF+zc (1)
where:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.018
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.019
For a 95% confidence level, zc is equal to 1.645.
For a small number of samples (n<30), EF95 is
based on the t-distribution and is equal to:
EF95=EF+tc S (4)
where the standard deviation, S, is defined as:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.020
tc is a function of the number of samples and the confidence
level that is desired. It increases in value as the sample size
decreases and the confidence level increases. The 95% confidence level
is used in this method to calculate the ``violation'' kiln dust metal
concentration limit; and the 99% confidence level is sometimes used to
calculate the ``conservative'' kiln dust metal concentration limit.
Values of tc are shown in table A-
[[Page 115]]
1 for various degrees of freedom (degrees of freedom=sample size-1) at
the 95% and 99% confidence levels. As the sample size approaches
infinity, the normal distribution is approached.
A.2 Comparison of Enrichment Factor Groups
To determine if the enrichment factors measured in the quarterly
tests are significantly different from the enrichment factors determined
in the initial Step 2 tests, the t-test is used. In this test, the value
tmeas:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.021
Table A-1.--t-Distribution
------------------------------------------------------------------------
n-1 or n1+n2-2 t.95 t.99
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1............................................... 6.31 31.82
2............................................... 2.92 6.96
3............................................... 2.35 4.54
4............................................... 2.13 3.75
5............................................... 2.02 3.36
6............................................... 1.94 3.14
7............................................... 1.90 3.00
8............................................... 1.86 2.90
9............................................... 1.83 2.82
10............................................... 1.81 2.76
11............................................... 1.80 2.72
12............................................... 1.78 2.68
13............................................... 1.77 2.65
14............................................... 1.76 2.62
15............................................... 1.75 2.60
16............................................... 1.75 2.58
17............................................... 1.74 2.57
18............................................... 1.73 2.55
19............................................... 1.73 2.54
20............................................... 1.72 2.53
25............................................... 1.71 2.48
30............................................... 1.70 2.46
40............................................... 1.68 2.42
60............................................... 1.67 2.39
120............................................... 1.66 2.36
.................................................. 1.645 2.33
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.022
is compared to tcrit at the desired confidence level. The 95%
confidence level is used in this method. Values of tcrit are
shown in table A-1 for various degrees of freedom (degrees of freedom
n1+n2-2) at the 95% and 99% confidence levels. If
tmeas is greater then tcrit, it can be concluded
with 95% confidence that the two groups are not from the same
population.
A.3 Rejection of Data
If the concentration of any hazardous metal in the ``required'' kiln
dust sample exceeds the kiln dust metal concentration limit, the
``spare'' samples are analyzed. If the average of the combined
``required'' and ``spare'' values is still above the limit, a
statistical test is used to decide if the upper value can be rejected.
The ``Q-test'' is used to determine if a data point can be rejected.
The difference between the questionable result and its neighbor is
divided by the spread of the entire data set. The resulting ratio,
Qmeas, is then compared with rejection values that are
critical for a particular degree of confidence, where Qmeas
is:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC06NO91.023
The 90% confidence level for data rejection is used in this method.
Table A-2 provides the values of Qcrit at the 90% confidence
level. If Qmeas is larger than Qcrit, the data
point can be discarded. Only one data point from a sample group can be
rejected using this method.
Table A-2.--Critical Values for Use in the Q-Test
------------------------------------------------------------------------
n Qcrit
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3............................................................... 0.94
4............................................................... 0.76
5............................................................... 0.64
6............................................................... 0.56
7............................................................... 0.51
8............................................................... 0.47
[[Page 116]]
9............................................................... 0.44
10.............................................................. 0.41
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[56 FR 32692, July 17, 1991 as amended 56 FR 42512, 42516, Aug. 27,
1991; 57 FR 38566, Aug. 25, 1992; 57 FR 44999, Sept. 30, 1992; 62 FR
32463, June 13, 1997]
Appendix X [Reserved]
Appendix XI to Part 266--Lead-Bearing Materials That May be Processed in
Exempt Lead Smelters
A. Exempt Lead-Bearing Materials When Generated or Originally Produced
By Lead-Associated Industries \1\
Acid dump/fill solids
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Lead-associated industries are lead smelters, lead-acid battery
manufacturing, and lead chemical manufacturing (e.g., manufacturing of
lead oxide or other lead compounds).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sump mud
Materials from laboratory analyses
Acid filters
Baghouse bags
Clothing (e.g., coveralls, aprons, shoes, hats, gloves)
Sweepings
Air filter bags and cartridges
Respiratory cartridge filters
Shop abrasives
Stacking boards
Waste shipping containers (e.g., cartons, bags, drums, cardboard)
Paper hand towels
Wiping rags and sponges
Contaminated pallets
Water treatment sludges, filter cakes, residues, and solids
Emission control dusts, sludges, filter cakes, residues, and solids from
lead-associated industries (e.g., K069 and D008 wastes)
Spent grids, posts, and separators
Spent batteries
Lead oxide and lead oxide residues
Lead plates and groups
Spent battery cases, covers, and vents
Pasting belts
Water filter media
Cheesecloth from pasting rollers
Pasting additive bags
Asphalt paving materials
B. Exempt Lead-Bearing Materials When Generated or Originally Produced
By Any Industry
Charging jumpers and clips
Platen abrasive
Fluff from lead wire and cable casings
Lead-based pigments and compounding pigment dust
[56 FR 42517, Aug. 27, 1991]
Appendix XII to Part 266--Nickel or Chromium-Bearing Materials that may
be Processed in Exempt Nickel-Chromium Recovery Furnaces
A. Exempt Nickel or Chromium-Bearing Materials when Generated by
Manufacturers or Users of Nickel, Chromium, or Iron
Baghouse bags
Raney nickel catalyst
Floor sweepings
Air filters
Electroplating bath filters
Wastewater filter media
Wood pallets
Disposable clothing (coveralls, aprons, hats, and gloves)
Laboratory samples and spent chemicals
Shipping containers and plastic liners from containers or vehicles used
to transport nickel or chromium-containing wastes
Respirator cartridge filters
Paper hand towels
B. Exempt Nickel or Chromium-Bearing Materials when Generated by Any
Industry
Electroplating wastewater treatment sludges (F006)
Nickel and/or chromium-containing solutions
Nickel, chromium, and iron catalysts
Nickel-cadmium and nickel-iron batteries
Filter cake from wet scrubber system water treatment plants in the
specialty steel industry \1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ If a hazardous waste under an authorized State program.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Filter cake from nickel-chromium alloy pickling operations \1\
[56 FR 42517, Aug. 27, 1991]
Appendix XIII to Part 266--Mercury Bearing Wastes That May Be Processed
in Exempt Mercury Recovery Units
These are exempt mercury-bearing materials with less than 500 ppm of 40
CFR Part 261, appendix VIII organic constituents when generated by
manufacturers or users of mercury or mercury products.
1. Activated carbon
2. Decomposer graphite
3. Wood
4. Paper
5. Protective clothing
[[Page 117]]
6. Sweepings
7. Respiratory cartridge filters
8. Cleanup articles
9. Plastic bags and other contaminated containers
10. Laboratory and process control samples
11. K106 and other wastewater treatment plant sludge and filter cake
12. Mercury cell sump and tank sludge
13. Mercury cell process solids
14. Recoverable levels or mercury contained in soil
[59 FR 48042, Sept. 19, 1994]
PART 267 [Reserved]
PART 268--LAND DISPOSAL RESTRICTIONS--Table of Contents
Subpart A--General
Sec.
268.1 Purpose, scope, and applicability.
268.2 Definitions applicable in this part.
268.3 Dilution prohibited as a substitute for treatment.
268.4 Treatment surface impoundment exemption.
268.5 Procedures for case-by-case extensions to an effective date.
268.6 Petitions to allow land disposal of a waste prohibited under
subpart C of part 268.
268.7 Testing, tracking, and recordkeeping requirements for
generators, treaters, and disposal facilities.
268.8 [Reserved]
268.9 Special rules regarding wastes that exhibit a characteristic.
Subpart B--Schedule for Land Disposal Prohibition and Establishment of
Treatment Standards
268.10--268.12 [Reserved]
268.13 Schedule for wastes identified or listed after November 8, 1984.
268.14 Surface impoundment exemptions.
Subpart C--Prohibitions on Land Disposal
268.30 Waste specific prohibitions--Wood preserving wastes.
268.31 Waste specific prohibitions--Dioxin-containing wastes.
268.32--268.33 [Reserved]
268.34 Waste specific prohibitions--toxicity characteristic metal
wastes.
268.35 Waste specific prohibitions--petroleum refining wastes.
268.36 [Reserved]
268.37 Waste specific prohibitions--ignitable and corrosive
characteristic wastes whose treatment standards were vacated.
268.38 Waste specific prohibitions--newly identified organic toxicity
characteristic wastes and newly listed coke by-product and
chlorotoluene production wastes.
268.39 Waste specific prohibitions--spent aluminum potliners; reactive;
and carbamate wastes.
Subpart D--Treatment Standards
268.40 Applicability of treatment standards.
268.41 Treatment standards expressed as concentrations in waste
extract.
268.42 Treatment standards expressed as specified technologies.
268.43 Treatment standards expressed as waste concentrations.
268.44 Variance from a treatment standard.
268.45 Treatment standards for hazardous debris.
268.46 Alternative treatment standards based on HTMR.
268.48 Universal treatment standards.
268.49 Alternative LDR treatment standards for contaminated soil.
Subpart E--Prohibitions on Storage
268.50 Prohibitions on storage of restricted wastes.
Appendix I-III to Part 268 [Reserved]
Appendix IV to Part 268--Wastes Excluded From Lab Packs Under the
Alternative Treatment Standards of Sec. 268.42(c)
Appendix V to Part 268 [Reserved]
Appendix VI to Part 268--Recommended Technologies to Achieve
Deactivation of Characteristics in Section 268.42
Appendix VII to Part 268--LDR Effective Dates of Surface Disposed
Prohibited Hazardous Wastes
Appendix VIII to Part 268--LDR Effective Dates of Injected Prohibited
Hazardous Wastes
Appendix IX to Part 268--Extraction Procedures (EP) Toxicity Test Method
and Structural Integrity Test (Method 1310)
Appendix X to Part 268 [Reserved]
Appendix XI to Part 268--Metal Bearing Wastes Prohibited From Dilution
in a Combustion Unit According to 40 CFR 268.3(c)
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6905, 6912(a), 6921, and 6924.
Subpart A--General
Sec. 268.1 Purpose, scope, and applicability.
(a) This part identifies hazardous wastes that are restricted from
land disposal and defines those limited circumstances under which an
otherwise prohibited waste may continue to be land disposed.
[[Page 118]]
(b) Except as specifically provided otherwise in this part or part
261 of this chapter, the requirements of this part apply to persons who
generate or transport hazardous waste and owners and operators of
hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal facilities.
(c) Restricted wastes may continue to be land disposed as follows:
(1) Where persons have been granted an extension to the effective
date of a prohibition under subpart C of this part or pursuant to
Sec. 268.5, with respect to those wastes covered by the extension;
(2) Where persons have been granted an exemption from a prohibition
pursuant to a petition under Sec. 268.6, with respect to those wastes
and units covered by the petition;
(3) Wastes that are hazardous only because they exhibit a hazardous
characteristic, and which are otherwise prohibited under this part, or
part 148 of this chapter, are not prohibited if the wastes:
(i) Are disposed into a nonhazardous or hazardous injection well as
defined under 40 CFR 146.6(a); and
(ii) Do not exhibit any prohibited characteristic of hazardous waste
identified in 40 CFR part 261, subpart C at the point of injection.
(4) Wastes that are hazardous only because they exhibit a hazardous
characteristic, and which are otherwise prohibited under this part, are
not prohibited if the wastes meet any of the following criteria, unless
the wastes are subject to a specified method of treatment other than
DEACT in Sec. 268.40, or are D003 reactive cyanide:
(i) The wastes are managed in a treatment system which subsequently
discharges to waters of the U.S. pursuant to a permit issued under
section 402 of the Clean Water Act; or
(ii) The wastes are treated for purposes of the pretreatment
requirements of section 307 of the Clean Water Act; or
(iii) The wastes are managed in a zero discharge system engaged in
Clean Water Act-equivalent treatment as defined in Sec. 268.37(a); and
(iv) The wastes no longer exhibit a prohibited characteristic at the
point of land disposal (i.e., placement in a surface impoundment).
(d) The requirements of this part shall not affect the availability
of a waiver under section 121(d)(4) of the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA).
(e) The following hazardous wastes are not subject to any provision
of part 268:
(1) Waste generated by small quantity generators of less than 100
kilograms of non-acute hazardous waste or less than 1 kilogram of acute
hazardous waste per month, as defined in Sec. 261.5 of this chapter;
(2) Waste pesticides that a farmer disposes of pursuant to
Sec. 262.70;
(3) Wastes identified or listed as hazardous after November 8, 1984
for which EPA has not promulgated land disposal prohibitions or
treatment standards;
(4) De minimis losses of characteristic wastes to wastewaters are
not considered to be prohibited wastes and are defined as losses from
normal material handling operations (e.g. spills from the unloading or
transfer of materials from bins or other containers, leaks from pipes,
valves or other devices used to transfer materials); minor leaks of
process equipment, storage tanks or containers; leaks from well-
maintained pump packings and seals; sample purgings; and relief device
discharges; discharges from safety showers and rinsing and cleaning of
personal safety equipment; rinsate from empty containers or from
containers that are rendered empty by that rinsing; and laboratory
wastes not exceeding one per cent of the total flow of wastewater into
the facility's headworks on an annual basis, or with a combined
annualized average concentration not exceeding one part per million in
the headworks of the facility's wastewater treatment or pretreatment
facility.
(f) Universal waste handlers and universal waste transporters (as
defined in 40 CFR 260.10) are exempt from 40 CFR 268.7 and 268.50 for
the hazardous wastes listed below. These handlers are subject to
regulation under 40 CFR part 273.
(1) Batteries as described in 40 CFR 273.2;
(2) Pesticides as described in Sec. 273.3 of this chapter;
[[Page 119]]
(3) Thermostats as described in Sec. 273.4 of this chapter; and
(4) Lamps as described in 40 CFR 273.5.
[51 FR 40638, Nov. 7, 1986; 52 FR 21016, June 4, 1987, as amended at 53
FR 27165, July 19, 1988; 53 FR 31212, Aug. 17, 1988; 54 FR 36970, Sept.
6, 1989; 55 FR 22686, June 1, 1990; 58 FR 29884, May 24, 1993; 59 FR
48043, Sept. 19, 1994; 60 FR 25542, May 11, 1995; 61 FR 15663, Apr. 8,
1996; 61 FR 33682, June 28, 1996; 62 FR 26019, May 12, 1997; 64 FR
36488, July 6, 1999]
Sec. 268.2 Definitions applicable in this part.
When used in this part the following terms have the meanings given
below:
(a) Halogenated organic compounds or HOCs means those compounds
having a carbon-halogen bond which are listed under appendix III to this
part.
(b) Hazardous constituent or constituents means those constituents
listed in appendix VIII to part 261 of this chapter.
(c) Land disposal means placement in or on the land, except in a
corrective action management unit or staging pile, and includes, but is
not limited to, placement in a landfill, surface impoundment, waste
pile, injection well, land treatment facility, salt dome formation, salt
bed formation, underground mine or cave, or placement in a concrete
vault, or bunker intended for disposal purposes.
(d) Nonwastewaters are wastes that do not meet the criteria for
wastewaters in paragraph (f) of this section.
(e) Polychlorinated biphenyls or PCBs are halogenated organic
compounds defined in accordance with 40 CFR 761.3.
(f) Wastewaters are wastes that contain less than 1% by weight total
organic carbon (TOC) and less than 1% by weight total suspended solids
(TSS).
(g) Debris means solid material exceeding a 60 mm particle size that
is intended for disposal and that is: A manufactured object; or plant or
animal matter; or natural geologic material. However, the following
materials are not debris: Any material for which a specific treatment
standard is provided in Subpart D, Part 268, namely lead acid batteries,
cadmium batteries, and radioactive lead solids; Process residuals such
as smelter slag and residues from the treatment of waste, wastewater,
sludges, or air emission residues; and Intact containers of hazardous
waste that are not ruptured and that retain at least 75% of their
original volume. A mixture of debris that has not been treated to the
standards provided by Sec. 268.45 and other material is subject to
regulation as debris if the mixture is comprised primarily of debris, by
volume, based on visual inspection.
(h) Hazardous debris means debris that contains a hazardous waste
listed in subpart D of part 261 of this chapter, or that exhibits a
characteristic of hazardous waste identified in subpart C of part 261 of
this chapter. Any deliberate mixing of prohibited hazardous waste with
debris that changes its treatment classification (i.e., from waste to
hazardous debris) is not allowed under the dilution prohibition in
Sec. 268.3.
(i) Underlying hazardous constituent means any constituent listed in
Sec. 268.48, Table UTS--Universal Treatment Standards, except fluoride,
selenium, sulfides, vanadium, and zinc, which can reasonably be expected
to be present at the point of generation of the hazardous waste at a
concentration above the constituent-specific UTS treatment standards.
(j) Inorganic metal-bearing waste is one for which EPA has
established treatment standards for metal hazardous constituents, and
which does not otherwise contain significant organic or cyanide content
as described in Sec. 268.3(c)(1), and is specifically listed in appendix
XI of this part.
(k) Soil means unconsolidated earth material composing the
superficial geologic strata (material overlying bedrock), consisting of
clay, silt, sand, or gravel size particles as classified by the U.S.
Natural Resources Conservation Service, or a mixture of such materials
with liquids, sludges or solids which is inseparable by simple
mechanical removal processes and is made up primarily of soil by volume
based on visual inspection. Any deliberate mixing of prohibited
hazardous waste with
[[Page 120]]
soil that changes its treatment classification (i.e., from waste to
contaminated soil) is not allowed under the dilution prohibition in
Sec. 268.3.
[55 FR 22686, June 1, 1990, as amended at 56 FR 3877, Jan. 31, 1991; 57
FR 37270, Aug. 18, 1992; 58 FR 8685, Feb. 16, 1993; 58 FR 29884, May 24,
1993; 59 FR 48043, Sept. 19, 1994; 60 FR 244, Jan. 3, 1995; 61 FR 15597,
15662, Apr. 8, 1996; 61 FR 33682, June 28, 1996; 63 FR 28639, May 26,
1998; 63 FR 65940, Nov. 30, 1998; 64 FR 25414, May 11, 1999]
Sec. 268.3 Dilution prohibited as a substitute for treatment.
(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, no
generator, transporter, handler, or owner or operator of a treatment,
storage, or disposal facility shall in any way dilute a restricted waste
or the residual from treatment of a restricted waste as a substitute for
adequate treatment to achieve compliance with subpart D of this part, to
circumvent the effective date of a prohibition in subpart C of this
part, to otherwise avoid a prohibition in subpart C of this part, or to
circumvent a land disposal prohibition imposed by RCRA section 3004.
(b) Dilution of wastes that are hazardous only because they exhibit
a characteristic in treatment systems which include land- based units
which treat wastes subsequently discharged to a water of the United
States pursuant to a permit issued under section 402 of the Clean Water
Act (CWA), or which treat wastes in a CWA-equivalent treatment system,
or which treat wastes for the purposes of pretreatment requirements
under section 307 of the CWA is not impermissible dilution for purposes
of this section unless a method other than DEACT has been specified in
Sec. 268.40 as the treatment standard, or unless the waste is a D003
reactive cyanide wastewater or nonwastewater.
(c) Combustion of the hazardous waste codes listed in Appendix XI of
this part is prohibited, unless the waste, at the point of generation,
or after any bona fide treatment such as cyanide destruction prior to
combustion, can be demonstrated to comply with one or more of the
following criteria (unless otherwise specifically prohibited from
combustion):
(1) The waste contains hazardous organic constituents or cyanide at
levels exceeding the constituent-specific treatment standard found in
Sec. 268.48;
(2) The waste consists of organic, debris-like materials (e.g.,
wood, paper, plastic, or cloth) contaminated with an inorganic metal-
bearing hazardous waste;
(3) The waste, at point of generation, has reasonable heating value
such as greater than or equal to 5000 BTU per pound;
(4) The waste is co-generated with wastes for which combustion is a
required method of treatment;
(5) The waste is subject to Federal and/or State requirements
necessitating reduction of organics (including biological agents); or
(6) The waste contains greater than 1% Total Organic Carbon (TOC).
(d) It is a form of impermissible dilution, and therefore
prohibited, to add iron filings or other metallic forms of iron to lead-
containing hazardous wastes in order to achieve any land disposal
restriction treatment standard for lead. Lead-containing wastes include
D008 wastes (wastes exhibiting a characteristic due to the presence of
lead), all characteristic wastes containing lead as an underlying
hazardous constituent, listed wastes containing lead as a regulated
constituent, and hazardous media containing any of the aforementioned
lead-containing wastes.
[61 FR 15663, Apr. 8, 1996, as amended at 61 FR 33682, June 28, 1996; 63
FR 28639, May 26, 1998]
Sec. 268.4 Treatment surface impoundment exemption.
(a) Wastes which are otherwise prohibited from land disposal under
this part may be treated in a surface impoundment or series of
impoundments provided that:
(1) Treatment of such wastes occurs in the impoundments;
(2) The following conditions are met:
(i) Sampling and testing. For wastes with treatment standards in
subpart D of this part and/or prohibition levels in subpart C of this
part or RCRA section 3004(d), the residues from treatment are analyzed,
as specified in Sec. 268.7 or Sec. 268.32, to determine if they meet the
[[Page 121]]
applicable treatment standards or where no treatment standards have been
established for the waste, the applicable prohibition levels. The
sampling method, specified in the waste analysis plan under Sec. 264.13
or Sec. 265.13, must be designed such that representative samples of the
sludge and the supernatant are tested separately rather than mixed to
form homogeneous samples.
(ii) Removal. The following treatment residues (including any liquid
waste) must be removed at least annually; residues which do not meet the
treatment standards promulgated under subpart D of this part; residues
which do not meet the prohibition levels established under subpart C of
this part or imposed by statute (where no treatment standards have been
established); residues which are from the treatment of wastes prohibited
from land disposal under subpart C of this part (where no treatment
standards have been established and no prohibition levels apply); or
residues from managing listed wastes which are not delisted under
Sec. 260.22 of this chapter. If the volume of liquid flowing through the
impoundment or series of impoundments annually is greater than the
volume of the impoundment or impoundments, this flow-through constitutes
removal of the supernatant for the purpose of this requirement.
(iii) Subsequent management. Treatment residues may not be placed in
any other surface impoundment for subsequent management.
(iv) Recordkeeping. Sampling and testing and recordkeeping
provisions of Secs. 264.13 and 265.13 of this chapter apply.
(3) The impoundment meets the design requirements of Sec. 264.221(c)
or Sec. 265.221(a) of this chapter, regardless that the unit may not be
new, expanded, or a replacement, and be in compliance with applicable
ground water monitoring requirements of subpart F of part 264 or part
264 of this chapter unless:
(i) Exempted pursuant to Sec. 264.221 (d) or (e) of this chapter, or
to Sec. 265.221 (c) or (d) of this chapter; or,
(ii) Upon application by the owner or operator, the Administrator,
after notice and an opportunity to comment, has granted a waiver of the
requirements on the basis that the surface impoundment:
(A) Has at least one liner, for which there is no evidence that such
liner is leaking;
(B) Is located more than one-quarter mile from an underground source
of drinking water; and
(C) Is in compliance with generally applicable ground water
monitoring requirements for facilities with permits; or,
(iii) Upon application by the owner or operator, the Administrator,
after notice and an opportunity to comment, has granted a modification
to the requirements on the basis of a demonstration that the surface
impoundment is located, designed, and operated so as to assure that
there will be no migration of any hazardous constituent into ground
water or surface water at any future time.
(4) The owner or operator submits to the Regional Administrator a
written certification that the requirements of Sec. 268.4(a)(3) have
been met. The following certification is required:
I certify under penalty of law that the requirements of 40 CFR
268.4(a)(3) have been met for all surface impoundments being used to
treat restricted wastes. I believe that the submitted information is
true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant
penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of
fine and imprisonment.
(b) Evaporation of hazardous constituents as the principal means of
treatment is not considered to be treatment for purposes of an exemption
under this section.
[51 FR 40638, Nov. 7, 1986; 52 FR 21016, June 4, 1987, as amended at 52
FR 25788, July 8, 1987; 53 FR 31212, Aug. 17, 1988; 62 FR 26019, May 12,
1997; 63 FR 28639, May 26, 1998]
Sec. 268.5 Procedures for case-by-case extensions to an effective date.
(a) Any person who generates, treats, stores, or disposes of a
hazardous waste may submit an application to the Administrator for an
extension to the effective date of any applicable restriction
established under subpart C of this part. The applicant must demonstrate
the following:
[[Page 122]]
(1) He has made a good-faith effort to locate and contract with
treatment, recovery, or disposal facilities nationwide to manage his
waste in accordance with the effective date of the applicable
restriction established under subpart C of this part;
(2) He has entered into a binding contractual commitment to
construct or otherwise provide alternative treatment, recovery (e.g.,
recycling), or disposal capacity that meets the treatment standards
specified in subpart D or, where treatment standards have not been
specified, such treatment, recovery, or disposal capacity is protective
of human health and the environment.
(3) Due to circumstances beyond the applicant's control, such
alternative capacity cannot reasonably be made available by the
applicable effective date. This demonstration may include a showing that
the technical and practical difficulties associated with providing the
alternative capacity will result in the capacity not being available by
the applicable effective date;
(4) The capacity being constructed or otherwise provided by the
applicant will be sufficient to manage the entire quantity of waste that
is the subject of the application;
(5) He provides a detailed schedule for obtaining required operating
and construction permits or an outline of how and when alternative
capacity will be available;
(6) He has arranged for adequate capacity to manage his waste during
an extension and has documented in the application the location of all
sites at which the waste will be managed; and
(7) Any waste managed in a surface impoundment or landfill during
the extension period will meet the requirements of paragraph (h)(2) of
this section.
(b) An authorized representative signing an application described
under paragraph (a) of this section shall make the following
certification:
I certify under penalty of law that I have personally examined and
am familiar with the information submitted in this document and all
attachments and that, based on my inquiry of those individuals
immediately responsible for obtaining the information, I believe that
the information is true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there
are significant penalties for submitting false information, including
the possibility of fine and imprisonment.
(c) After receiving an application for an extension, the
Administrator may request any additional information which he deems as
necessary to evaluate the application.
(d) An extension will apply only to the waste generated at the
individual facility covered by the application and will not apply to
restricted waste from any other facility.
(e) On the basis of the information referred to in paragraph (a) of
this section, after notice and opportunity for comment, and after
consultation with appropriate State agencies in all affected States, the
Administrator may grant an extension of up to 1 year from the effective
date. The Administrator may renew this extension for up to 1 additional
year upon the request of the applicant if the demonstration required in
paragraph (a) of this section can still be made. In no event will an
extension extend beyond 24 months from the applicable effective date
specified in subpart C of part 268. The length of any extension
authorized will be determined by the Administrator based on the time
required to construct or obtain the type of capacity needed by the
applicant as described in the completion schedule discussed in paragraph
(a)(5) of this section. The Administrator will give public notice of the
intent to approve or deny a petition and provide an opportunity for
public comment. The final decision on a petition will be published in
the Federal Register.
(f) Any person granted an extension under this section must
immediately notify the Administrator as soon as he has knowledge of any
change in the conditions certified to in the application.
(g) Any person granted an extension under this section shall submit
written progress reports at intervals designated by the Administrator.
Such reports must describe the overall progress made toward constructing
or otherwise providing alternative treatment, recovery or disposal
capacity; must identify any event which may cause or has caused a delay
in the development of the capacity; and must
[[Page 123]]
summarize the steps taken to mitigate the delay. The Administrator can
revoke the extension at any time if the applicant does not demonstrate a
good-faith effort to meet the schedule for completion, if the Agency
denies or revokes any required permit, if conditions certified in the
application change, or for any violation of this chapter.
(h) Whenever the Administrator establishes an extension to an
effective date under this section, during the period for which such
extension is in effect:
(1) The storage restrictions under Sec. 268.50(a) do not apply; and
(2) Such hazardous waste may be disposed in a landfill or surface
impoundment only if such unit is in compliance with the technical
requirements of the following provisions regardless of whether such unit
is existing, new, or a replacement or lateral expansion.
(i) The landfill, if in interim status, is in compliance with the
requirements of subpart F of part 265 and Sec. 265.301 (a), (c), and (d)
of this chapter; or,
(ii) The landfill, if permitted, is in compliance with the
requirements of subpart F of part 264 and Sec. 264.301 (c), (d) and (e)
of this chapter; or
(iii) The surface impoundment, if in interim status, is in
compliance with the requirements of subpart F of part 265, Sec. 265.221
(a), (c), and (d) of this chapter, and RCRA section 3005(j)(1); or
(iv) The surface impoundment, if permitted, is in compliance with
the requirements of subpart F of part 264 and Sec. 264.221 (c), (d) and
(e) of this chapter; or
(v) The surface impoundment, if newly subject to RCRA section
3005(j)(1) due to the promulgation of additional listings or
characteristics for the identification of hazardous waste, is in
compliance with the requirements of subpart F of part 265 of this
chapter within 12 months after the promulgation of additional listings
or characteristics of hazardous waste, and with the requirements of
Sec. 265.221 (a), (c) and (d) of this chapter within 48 months after the
promulgation of additional listings or characteristics of hazardous
waste. If a national capacity variance is granted, during the period the
variance is in effect, the surface impoundment, if newly subject to RCRA
section 3005(j)(1) due to the promulgation of additional listings or
characteristics of hazardous waste, is in compliance with the
requirements of subpart F of part 265 of this chapter within 12 months
after the promulgation of additional listings or characteristics of
hazardous waste, and with the requirements of Sec. 265.221 (a), (c) and
(d) of this chapter within 48 months after the promulgation of
additional listings or characteristics of hazardous waste; or
(vi) The landfill, if disposing of containerized liquid hazardous
wastes containing PCBs at concentrations greater than or equal to 50 ppm
but less than 500 ppm, is also in compliance with the requirements of 40
CFR 761.75 and parts 264 and 265.
(i) Pending a decision on the application the applicant is required
to comply with all restrictions on land disposal under this part once
the effective date for the waste has been reached.
[51 FR 40638, Nov. 7, 1986; 52 FR 21016, June 4, 1987, as amended at 52
FR 25788, July 8, 1987; 54 FR 36971, Sept. 6, 1989; 55 FR 23935, June
13, 1990; 57 FR 37270, Aug. 18, 1992]
Sec. 268.6 Petitions to allow land disposal of a waste prohibited under subpart C of part 268.
(a) Any person seeking an exemption from a prohibition under subpart
C of this part for the disposal of a restricted hazardous waste in a
particular unit or units must submit a petition to the Administrator
demonstrating, to a reasonable degree of certainty, that there will be
no migration of hazardous constituents from the disposal unit or
injection zone for as long as the wastes remain hazardous. The
demonstration must include the following components:
(1) An identification of the specific waste and the specific unit
for which the demonstration will be made;
(2) A waste analysis to describe fully the chemical and physical
characteristics of the subject waste;
(3) A comprehensive characterization of the disposal unit site
including an analysis of background air, soil, and water quality.
(4) A monitoring plan that detects migration at the earliest
practicable time;
[[Page 124]]
(5) Sufficient information to assure the Administrator that the
owner or operator of a land disposal unit receiving restricted waste(s)
will comply with other applicable Federal, State, and local laws.
(b) The demonstration referred to in paragraph (a) of this section
must meet the following criteria:
(1) All waste and environmental sampling, test, and analysis data
must be accurate and reproducible to the extent that state-of-the-art
techniques allow;
(2) All sampling, testing, and estimation techniques for chemical
and physical properties of the waste and all environmental parameters
must have been approved by the Administrator;
(3) Simulation models must be calibrated for the specific waste and
site conditions, and verified for accuracy by comparison with actual
measurements;
(4) A quality assurance and quality control plan that addresses all
aspects of the demonstration must be approved by the Administrator; and,
(5) An analysis must be performed to identify and quantify any
aspects of the demonstration that contribute significantly to
uncertainty. This analysis must include an evaluation of the
consequences of predictable future events, including, but not limited
to, earthquakes, floods, severe storm events, droughts, or other natural
phenomena.
(c) Each petition referred to in paragraph (a) of this section must
include the following:
(1) A monitoring plan that describes the monitoring program
installed at and/or around the unit to verify continued compliance with
the conditions of the variance. This monitoring plan must provide
information on the monitoring of the unit and/or the environment around
the unit. The following specific information must be included in the
plan:
(i) The media monitored in the cases where monitoring of the
environment around the unit is required;
(ii) The type of monitoring conducted at the unit, in the cases
where monitoring of the unit is required;
(iii) The location of the monitoring stations;
(iv) The monitoring interval (frequency of monitoring at each
station);
(v) The specific hazardous constituents to be monitored;
(vi) The implementation schedule for the monitoring program;
(vii) The equipment used at the monitoring stations;
(viii) The sampling and analytical techniques employed; and
(ix) The data recording/reporting procedures.
(2) Where applicable, the monitoring program described in paragraph
(c)(1) of this section must be in place for a period of time specified
by the Administrator, as part of his approval of the petition, prior to
receipt of prohibited waste at the unit.
(3) The monitoring data collected according to the monitoring plan
specified under paragraph (c)(1) of this section must be sent to the
Administrator according to a format and schedule specified and approved
in the monitoring plan, and
(4) A copy of the monitoring data collected under the monitoring
plan specified under paragraph (c)(1) of this section must be kept on-
site at the facility in the operating record.
(5) The monitoring program specified under paragraph (c)(1) of this
section meet the following criteria:
(i) All sampling, testing, and analytical data must be approved by
the Administrator and must provide data that is accurate and
reproducible.
(ii) All estimation and monitoring techniques must be approved by
the Administrator.
(iii) A quality assurance and quality control plan addressing all
aspects of the monitoring program must be provided to and approved by
the Administrator.
(d) Each petition must be submitted to the Administrator.
(e) After a petition has been approved, the owner or operator must
report any changes in conditions at the unit and/or the environment
around the unit that significantly depart from the conditions described
in the variance and affect the potential for migration of hazardous
constituents from the units as follows:
(1) If the owner or operator plans to make changes to the unit
design, construction, or operation, such a change must be proposed, in
writing, and the
[[Page 125]]
owner or operator must submit a demonstration to the Administrator at
least 30 days prior to making the change. The Administrator will
determine whether the proposed change invalidates the terms of the
petition and will determine the appropriate response. Any change must be
approved by the Administrator prior to being made.
(2) If the owner or operator discovers that a condition at the site
which was modeled or predicted in the petition does not occur as
predicted, this change must be reported, in writing, to the
Administrator within 10 days of discovering the change. The
Administrator will determine whether the reported change from the terms
of the petition requires further action, which may include termination
of waste acceptance and revocation of the petition, petition
modifications, or other responses.
(f) If the owner or operator determines that there is migration of
hazardous constituent(s) from the unit, the owner or operator must:
(1) Immediately suspend receipt of prohibited waste at the unit, and
(2) Notify the Administrator, in writing, within 10 days of the
determination that a release has occurred.
(3) Following receipt of the notification the Administrator will
determine, within 60 days of receiving notification, whether the owner
or operator can continue to receive prohibited waste in the unit and
whether the variance is to be revoked. The Administrator shall also
determine whether further examination of any migration is warranted
under applicable provisions of part 264 or part 265.
(g) Each petition must include the following statement signed by the
petitioner or an authorized representative:
I certify under penalty of law that I have personally examined and am
familiar with the information submitted in this petition and all
attached documents, and that, based on my inquiry of those individuals
immediately responsible for obtaining the information, I believe that
submitted information is true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that
there are significant penalties for submitting false information,
including the possibility of fine and imprisonment.
(h) After receiving a petition, the Administrator may request any
additional information that reasonably may be required to evaluate the
demonstration.
(i) If approved, the petition will apply to land disposal of the
specific restricted waste at the individual disposal unit described in
the demonstration and will not apply to any other restricted waste at
that disposal unit, or to that specific restricted waste at any other
disposal unit.
(j) The Administrator will give public notice in the Federal
Register of the intent to approve or deny a petition and provide an
opportunity for public comment. The final decision on a petition will be
published in the Federal Register.
(k) The term of a petition granted under this section shall be no
longer than the term of the RCRA permit if the disposal unit is
operating under a RCRA permit, or up to a maximum of 10 years from the
date of approval provided under paragraph (g) of this section if the
unit is operating under interim status. In either case, the term of the
granted petition shall expire upon the termination or denial of a RCRA
permit, or upon the termination of interim status or when the volume
limit of waste to be land disposed during the term of petition is
reached.
(l) Prior to the Administrator's decision, the applicant is required
to comply with all restrictions on land disposal under this part once
the effective date for the waste has been reached.
(m) The petition granted by the Administrator does not relieve the
petitioner of his responsibilities in the management of hazardous waste
under 40 CFR part 260 through part 271.
(n) Liquid hazardous wastes containing polychlorinated biphenyls at
concentrations greater than or equal to 500 ppm are not eligible for an
exemption under this section.
[51 FR 40638, Nov. 7, 1986; 52 FR 21016, June 4, 1987, as amended at 52
FR 25789, July 8, 1987; 53 FR 31212, Aug. 17, 1988; 54 FR 36971, Sept.
6, 1989]
[[Page 126]]
Sec. 268.7 Testing, tracking, and recordkeeping requirements for generators, treaters, and disposal facilities.
(a) Requirements for generators: (1) A generator of hazardous waste
must determine if the waste has to be treated before it can be land
disposed. This is done by determining if the hazardous waste meets the
treatment standards in Sec. 268.40, Sec. 268.45, or Sec. 268.49. This
determination can be made in either of two ways: testing the waste or
using knowledge of the waste. If the generator tests the waste, testing
would normally determine the total concentration of hazardous
constituents, or the concentration of hazardous constituents in an
extract of the waste obtained using test method 1311 in ``Test Methods
of Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods,'' EPA Publication
SW-846, as referenced in Sec. 260.11 of this chapter, depending on
whether the treatment standard for the waste is expressed as a total
concentration or concentration of hazardous constituent in the waste's
extract. In addition, some hazardous wastes must be treated by
particular treatment methods before they can be land disposed and some
soils are contaminated by such hazardous wastes. These treatment
standards are also found in Sec. 268.40, and are described in detail in
Sec. 268.42, Table 1. These wastes, and solids contaminated with such
wastes, do not need to be tested (however, if they are in a waste
mixture, other wastes with concentration level treatment standards would
have to be tested). If a generator determines they are managing a waste
or soil contamination with a waste, that displays a hazardous
characteristic of ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity,
they must comply with the special requirements of Sec. 268.9 of this
part in addition to any applicable requirements in this section.
(2) If the waste or contaminated soil does not meet the treatment
standard: With the initial shipment of waste to each treatment or
storage facility, the generator must send a one-time written notice to
each treatment or storage facility receiving the waste, and place a copy
in the file. The notice must include the information in column
``268.7(a)(2)'' of the Generator Paperwork Requirements Table in
Sec. 268.7(a)(4). No further notification is necessary until such time
that the waste or facility change, in which case a new notification must
be sent and a copy placed in the generator's file.
(i) For contaminated soil, the following certification statement
should be included, signed by an authorized representative:
I certify under penalty of law that I personally have examined this
contaminated soil and it [does/does not] contain listed hazardous waste
and [does/does not] exhibit a characteristic of hazardous waste and
requires treatment to meet the soil treatment standards as provided by
268.49(c).
(ii) [Reserved]
(3) If the waste or contaminated soil meets the treatment standard
at the original point of generation:
(i) With the initial shipment of waste to each treatment, storage,
or disposal facility, the generator must send a one-time written notice
to each treatment, storage, or disposal facility receiving the waste,
and place a copy in the file. The notice must include the information
indicated in column ``268.7(a)(3)'' of the Generator Paperwork
Requirements Table in Sec. 268.7(a)(4) and the following certification
statement, signed by an authorized representative:
I certify under penalty of law that I personally have examined and
am familiar with the waste through analysis and testing or through
knowledge of the waste to support this certification that the waste
complies with the treatment standards specified in 40 CFR part 268
subpart D. I believe that the information I submitted is true, accurate,
and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for
submitting a false certification, including the possibility of a fine
and imprisonment.
(ii) For contaminated soil, with the initial shipment of wastes to
each treatment, storage, or disposal facility, the generator must send a
one-time written notice to each facility receiving the waste and place a
copy in the file. The notice must include the information in
``268.7(a)(3) of the Generator Paperwork Requirements Table in
Sec. 268.7(a)(4).
(iii) If the waste changes, the generator must send a new notice and
certification to the receiving facility, and place a copy in their
files. Generators
[[Page 127]]
of hazardous debris excluded from the definition of hazardous waste
under Sec. 261.3(f) of this chapter are not subject to these
requirements.
(4) For reporting, tracking, and recordkeeping when exceptions allow
certain wastes or contaminated soil that do not meet the treatment
standards to be land disposed: There are certain exemptions from the
requirement that hazardous wastes or contaminated soil meet treatment
standards before they can be land disposed. These include, but are not
limited to case-by-case extensions under Sec. 268.5, disposal in a no-
migration unit under Sec. 268.6, or a national capacity variance or
case-by-case capacity variance under subpart C of this part. If a
generator's waste is so exempt, then with the initial shipment of waste,
the generator must send a one-time written notice to each land disposal
facility receiving the waste. The notice must include the information
indicated in column ``268.7(a)(4)'' of the Generator Paperwork
Requirements Table below. If the waste changes, the generator must send
a new notice to the receiving facility, and place a copy in their files.
Generator Paperwork Requirements Table
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sec. 268.7 Sec. 268.7 Sec. 268.7 Sec. 268.7
Required information (a)(2) (a)(3) (a)(4) (a)(9)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. EPA Hazardous Waste Numbers and Manifest Number of
first shipment.........................................
2. Statement: this waste is not prohibited from land
disposal...............................................
3. The waste is subject to the LDRs. The constituents of
concern for F001-F005, and F039, and underlying
hazardous constituents in characteristic wastes, unless
the waste will be treated and monitored for all
constituents. If all constituents will be treated and
monitored, there is no need to put them all on the LDR
notice.................................................
4. The notice must include the applicable wastewater/
nonwastewater category (see Secs. 268.2(d) and (f))
and subdivisions made within a waste code based on
waste-specific criteria (such as D003 reactive cyanide)
5. Waste analysis data (when available).................
6. Date the waste is subject to the prohibition.........
7. For hazardous debris, when treating with the
alternative treatment technologies provided by Sec.
268.45: the contaminants subject to treatment, as
described in Sec. 268.45(b); and an indication that
these contaminants are being treated to comply with
Sec. 268.45...........................................
8. For contaminated soil subject to LDRs as provided in
Sec. 268.49(a), the constituents subject to treatment
as described in Sec. 268.49(d), and the following
statement: This contaminated soil [does/does not]
contain listed hazardous waste and [does/does not]
exhibit a characteristic of hazardous waste and [is
subject to/complies with the soil treatment standards
as provided by Sec. 268.49(c) or the universal
treatment standards....................................
9. A certification is needed (see applicable section for
exact wording).........................................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(5) If a generator is managing and treating prohibited waste or
contaminated soil in tanks, containers, or containment buildings
regulated under 40 CFR 262.34 to meet applicable LDR treatment standards
found at Sec. 268.40, the generator must develop and follow a written
waste analysis plan which describes the procedures they will carry out
to comply with the treatment standards. (Generators treating hazardous
debris under the alternative treatment standards of Table 1,
Sec. 268.45, however, are not subject to these waste analysis
requirements.) The plan must be kept on site in the generator's records,
and the following requirements must be met:
(i) The waste analysis plan must be based on a detailed chemical and
physical analysis of a representative sample of the prohibited waste(s)
being treated, and contain all information necessary to treat the
waste(s) in accordance with the requirements of this part, including the
selected testing frequency.
(ii) Such plan must be kept in the facility's on-site files and made
available to inspectors.
(iii) Wastes shipped off-site pursuant to this paragraph must comply
with
[[Page 128]]
the notification requirements of Sec. 268.7(a)(3).
(6) If a generator determines that the waste or contaminated soil is
restricted based solely on his knowledge of the waste, all supporting
data used to make this determination must be retained on-site in the
generator's files. If a generator determines that the waste is
restricted based on testing this waste or an extract developed using the
test method 1311 in ``Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/
Chemical Methods,'' EPA Publication SW-846, as referenced in Sec. 260.11
of this chapter, and all waste analysis data must be retained on-site in
the generator's files.
(7) If a generator determines that he is managing a prohibited waste
that is excluded from the definition of hazardous or solid waste or is
exempted from Subtitle C regulation under 40 CFR 261.2 through 261.6
subsequent to the point of generation (including deactivated
characteristic hazardous wastes managed in wastewater treatment systems
subject to the Clean Water Act (CWA) as specified at 40 CFR 261.4(a)(2)
or that are CWA-equivalent, or are managed in an underground injection
well regulated by the SDWA), he must place a one-time notice describing
such generation, subsequent exclusion from the definition of hazardous
or solid waste or exemption from RCRA Subtitle C regulation, and the
disposition of the waste, in the facility's on-site files.
(8) Generators must retain on-site a copy of all notices,
certifications, waste analysis data, and other documentation produced
pursuant to this section for at least three years from the date that the
waste that is the subject of such documentation was last sent to on-site
or off-site treatment, storage, or disposal. The three year record
retention period is automatically extended during the course of any
unresolved enforcement action regarding the regulated activity or as
requested by the Administrator. The requirements of this paragraph apply
to solid wastes even when the hazardous characteristic is removed prior
to disposal, or when the waste is excluded from the definition of
hazardous or solid waste under 40 CFR 261.2 through 261.6, or exempted
from Subtitle C regulation, subsequent to the point of generation.
(9) If a generator is managing a lab pack containing hazardous
wastes and wishes to use the alternative treatment standard for lab
packs found at Sec. 268.42(c):
(i) With the initial shipment of waste to a treatment facility, the
generator must submit a notice that provides the information in column
``Sec. 268.7(a)(9)'' in the Generator Paperwork Requirements Table of
paragraph (a)(4) of this section, and the following certification. The
certification, which must be signed by an authorized representative and
must be placed in the generator's files, must say the following:
I certify under penalty of law that I personally have examined and
am familiar with the waste and that the lab pack contains only wastes
that have not been excluded under appendix IV to 40 CFR part 268 and
that this lab pack will be sent to a combustion facility in compliance
with the alternative treatment standards for lab packs at 40 CFR
268.42(c). I am aware that there are significant penalties for
submitting a false certification, including the possibility of fine or
imprisonment.
(ii) No further notification is necessary until such time that the
wastes in the lab pack change, or the receiving facility changes, in
which case a new notice and certification must be sent and a copy placed
in the generator's file.
(iii) If the lab pack contains characteristic hazardous wastes
(D001-D043), underlying hazardous constituents (as defined in
Sec. 268.2(i)) need not be determined.
(iv) The generator must also comply with the requirements in
paragraphs (a)(6) and (a)(7) of this section.
(10) Small quantity generators with tolling agreements pursuant to
40 CFR 262.20(e) must comply with the applicable notification and
certification requirements of paragraph (a) of this section for the
initial shipment of the waste subject to the agreement. Such generators
must retain on-site a copy of the notification and certification,
together with the tolling agreement, for at least three years after
termination or expiration of the agreement. The three-year record
retention period is automatically extended during the
[[Page 129]]
course of any unresolved enforcement action regarding the regulated
activity or as requested by the Administrator.
(b) Treatment facilities must test their wastes according to the
frequency specified in their waste analysis plans as required by 40 CFR
264.13 (for permitted TSDs) or 40 CFR 265.13 (for interim status
facilities). Such testing must be performed as provided in paragraphs
(b)(1), (b)(2) and (b)(3) of this section.
(1) For wastes or contaminated soil with treatment standards
expressed in the waste extract (TCLP), the owner or operator of the
treatment facility must test an extract of the treatment residues, using
test method 1311 (the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure,
described in ``Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/
Chemical Methods,'' EPA Publication SW-846 as incorporated by reference
in Sec. 260.11 of this chapter) to assure that the treatment residues
extract meet the applicable treatment standards.
(2) For wastes or contaminated soil with treatment standards
expressed as concentrations in the waste, the owner or operator of the
treatment facility must test the treatment residues (not an extract of
such residues) to assure that they meet the applicable treatment
standards.
(3) A one-time notice must be sent with the initial shipment of
waste or contaminated soil to the land disposal facility. A copy of the
notice must be placed in the treatment facility's file.
(i) No further notification is necessary until such time that the
waste or receiving facility change, in which case a new notice must be
sent and a copy placed in the treatment facility's file.
(ii) The one-time notice must include these requirements:
Treatment Facility Paperwork Requirements Table
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Required information Sec. 268.7(b)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. EPA Hazardous Waste Numbers and Manifest Number of
first shipment.........................................
2. The waste is subject to the LDRs. The constituents of
concern for F001-F005, and F039, and underlying
hazardous constituents in characteristic wastes, unless
the waste will be treated and monitored for all
constituents. If all constituents will be treated and
monitored, there is no need to put them all on the LDR
notice.................................................
3. The notice must include the applicable wastewater/
nonwastewater category (see Secs. 268.2(d) and (f))
and subdivisions made within a waste code based on
waste-specific criteria (such as D003 reactive cyanide)
4. Waste analysis data (when available).................
5. For contaminated soil subject to LDRs as provided in
268.49(a), the constituents subject to treatment as
described in 268.49(d) and the following statement,
``this contaminated soil [does/does not] exhibit a
characteristic of hazardous waste and [is subject to/
complies with] the soil treatment standards as provided
by 268.49(c)...........................................
6. A certification is needed (see applicable section for
exact wording).........................................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(4) The treatment facility must submit a one-time certification
signed by an authorized representative with the initial shipment of
waste or treatment residue of a restricted waste to the land disposal
facility. The certification must state:
I certify under penalty of law that I have personally examined and
am familiar with the treatment technology and operation of the treatment
process used to support this certification. Based on my inquiry of those
individuals immediately responsible for obtaining this information, I
believe that the treatment process has been operated and maintained
properly so as to comply with the treatment standards specified in 40
CFR 268.40 without impermissible dilution of the prohibited waste. I am
aware there are significant penalties for submitting a false
certification, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment.
A certification is also necessary for contaminated soil and it must
state:
I certify under penalty of law that I have personally examined and
am familiar with the treatment technology and operation of the treatment
process used to support this certification and believe that it has been
maintained and operated properly so as to comply with treatment
standards specified in 40 CFR 268.49 without impermissible dilution of
the prohibited wastes. I am aware there are significant penalties for
submitting a false certification, including the possibility of fine and
imprisonment.
(i) A copy of the certification must be placed in the treatment
facility's on-site files. If the waste or treatment
[[Page 130]]
residue changes, or the receiving facility changes, a new certification
must be sent to the receiving facility, and a copy placed in the file.
(ii) Debris excluded from the definition of hazardous waste under
Sec. 261.3(e) of this chapter (i.e., debris treated by an extraction or
destruction technology provided by Table 1, Sec. 268.45, and debris that
the Director has determined does not contain hazardous waste), however,
is subject to the notification and certification requirements of
paragraph (d) of this section rather than the certification requirements
of this paragraph.
(iii) For wastes with organic constituents having treatment
standards expressed as concentration levels, if compliance with the
treatment standards is based in whole or in part on the analytical
detection limit alternative specified in Sec. 268.40(d), the
certification, signed by an authorized representative, must state the
following:
I certify under penalty of law that I have personally examined and
am familiar with the treatment technology and operation of the treatment
process used to support this certification. Based on my inquiry of those
individuals immediately responsible for obtaining this information, I
believe that the nonwastewater organic constituents have been treated by
combustion units as specified in 268.42, Table 1. I have been unable to
detect the nonwastewater organic constituents, despite having used best
good-faith efforts to analyze for such constituents. I am aware there
are significant penalties for submitting a false certification,
including the possibility of fine and imprisonment.
(iv) For characteristic wastes that are subject to the treatment
standards in Sec. 268.40 (other than those expressed as a method of
treatment), or Sec. 268.49, and that contain underlying hazardous
constituents as defined in Sec. 268.2(i); if these wastes are treated
on-site to remove the hazardous characteristic; and are then sent off-
site for treatment of underlying hazardous constituents, the
certification must state the following:
I certify under penalty of law that the waste has been treated in
accordance with the requirements of 40 CFR 268.40 or 268.49 to remove
the hazardous characteristic. This decharacterized waste contains
underlying hazardous constituents that require further treatment to meet
treatment standards. I am aware that there are significant penalties for
submitting a false certification, including the possibility of fine and
imprisonment.
(v) For characteristic wastes that contain underlying hazardous
constituents as defined Sec. 268.2(i) that are treated on-site to remove
the hazardous characteristic to treat underlying hazardous constituents
to levels in Sec. 268.48 Universal Treatment Standards, the
certification must state the following:
I certify under penalty of law that the waste has been treated in
accordance with the requirements of 40 CFR 268.40 to remove the
hazardous characteristic and that underlying hazardous constituents, as
defined in Sec. 268.2(i) have been treated on-site to meet the
Sec. 268.48 Universal Treatment Standards. I am aware that there are
significant penalties for submitting a false certification, including
the possibility of fine and imprisonment.
(5) If the waste or treatment residue will be further managed at a
different treatment, storage, or disposal facility, the treatment,
storage, or disposal facility sending the waste or treatment residue
off-site must comply with the notice and certification requirements
applicable to generators under this section.
(6) Where the wastes are recyclable materials used in a manner
constituting disposal subject to the provisions of Sec. 268.20(b)
regarding treatment standards and prohibition levels, the owner or
operator of a treatment facility (i.e., the recycler) is not required to
notify the receiving facility, pursuant to paragraph (b)(3) of this
section. With each shipment of such wastes the owner or operator of the
recycling facility must submit a certification described in paragraph
(b)(4) of this section, and a notice which includes the information
listed in paragraph (b)(3) of this section (except the manifest number)
to the Regional Administrator, or his delegated representative. The
recycling facility also must keep records of the name and location of
each entity receiving the hazardous waste-derived product.
(c) Except where the owner or operator is disposing of any waste
that is a recyclable material used in a manner constituting disposal
pursuant to 40 CFR 266.20(b), the owner or operator of any land disposal
facility disposing any waste subject to restrictions under this part
must:
[[Page 131]]
(1) Have copies of the notice and certifications specified in
paragraph (a) or (b) of this section.
(2) Test the waste, or an extract of the waste or treatment residue
developed using test method 1311 (the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching
Procedure), described in ``Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste,
Physical/Chemical Methods,'' EPA Publication SW-846 as incorporated by
reference in Sec. 260.11 of this chapter), to assure that the wastes or
treatment residues are in compliance with the applicable treatment
standards set forth in subpart D of this part. Such testing must be
performed according to the frequency specified in the facility's waste
analysis plan as required by Sec. 264.13 or Sec. 265.13 of this chapter.
(d) Generators or treaters who first claim that hazardous debris is
excluded from the definition of hazardous waste under Sec. 261.3(e) of
this chapter (i.e., debris treated by an extraction or destruction
technology provided by Table 1, Sec. 268.45, and debris that the EPA
Regional Administrator (or his designated representative) or State
authorized to implement part 268 requirements has determined does not
contain hazardous waste) are subject to the following notification and
certification requirements:
(1) A one-time notification, including the following information,
must be submitted to the EPA Regional hazardous waste management
division director (or his designated representative) or State authorized
to implement part 268 requirements, or State authorized to implement
part 268 requirements:
(2) The notification must be updated if the debris is shipped to a
different facility, and, for debris excluded under Sec. 261.2(e)(1) of
this chapter, if a different type of debris is treated or if a different
technology is used to treat the debris.
(3) For debris excluded under Sec. 261.3(e)(1) of this chapter, the
owner or operator of the treatment facility must document and certify
compliance with the treatment standards of Table 1, Sec. 268.45, as
follows:
(i) Records must be kept of all inspections, evaluations, and
analyses of treated debris that are made to determine compliance with
the treatment standards;
(ii) Records must be kept of any data or information the treater
obtains during treatment of the debris that identifies key operating
parameters of the treatment unit; and
(iii) For each shipment of treated debris, a certification of
compliance with the treatment standards must be signed by an authorized
representative and placed in the facility's files. The certification
must state the following: ``I certify under penalty of law that the
debris has been treated in accordance with the requirements of 40 CFR
268.45. I am aware that there are significant penalties for making a
false certification, including the possibility of fine and
imprisonment.''
(e) Generators and treaters who first receive from EPA or an
authorized state a determination that a given contaminated soil subject
to LDRs as provided in Sec. 268.49(a) no longer contains a listed
hazardous waste and generators and treaters who first determine that a
contaminated soil subject to LDRs as provided in Sec. 268.49(a) no
longer exhibits a characteristic of hazardous waste must:
(1) Prepare a one-time only documentation of these determinations
including all supporting information; and,
(2) Maintain that information in the facility files and other
records for a minimum of three years.
[51 FR 40638, Nov. 7, 1986; 52 FR 21016, June 4, 1987, as amended at 52
FR 25789, July 8, 1987; 53 FR 31213, Aug. 17, 1988; 54 FR 26648, June
23, 1989; 54 FR 36971, Sept. 6, 1989; 55 FR 22687, June 1, 1990; 55 FR
23935, June 13, 1990; 56 FR 3877, Jan. 31, 1991; 57 FR 37270, Aug. 18,
1992; 58 FR 29884, May 24, 1993; 58 FR 46050, Aug. 31, 1993; 59 FR
47980, Sept. 19, 1994; 59 FR 48043, Sept. 19, 1994; 60 FR 244, Jan. 3,
1995; 61 FR 15598, Apr. 8, 1996; 62 FR 26019, May 12, 1997; 63 FR 28639,
May 26, 1998; 64 FR 25414, May 11, 1999; 64 FR 56471, Oct. 20, 1999]
[[Page 132]]
Sec. 268.8 [Reserved]
Sec. 268.9 Special rules regarding wastes that exhibit a characteristic.
(a) The initial generator of a solid waste must determine each EPA
Hazardous Waste Number (waste code) applicable to the waste in order to
determine the applicable treatment standards under subpart D of this
part. For purposes of part 268, the waste will carry the waste code for
any applicable listed waste (Part 261, Subpart D). In addition, where
the waste exhibits a characteristic, the waste will carry one or more of
the characteristic waste codes (Part 261, Subpart C), except when the
treatment standard for the listed waste operates in lieu of the
treatment standard for the characteristic waste, as specified in
paragraph (b) of this section. If the generator determines that their
waste displays a hazardous characteristic (and is not D001
nonwastewaters treated by CMBST, RORGS, OR POLYM of Sec. 268.42, Table
1), the generator must determine the underlying hazardous constituents
(as defined at Sec. 268.2(i)) in the characteristic waste.
(b) Where a prohibited waste is both listed under 40 CFR part 261,
subpart D and exhibits a characteristic under 40 CFR part 261, subpart
C, the treatment standard for the waste code listed in 40 CFR part 261,
subpart D will operate in lieu of the standard for the waste code under
40 CFR part 261, subpart C, provided that the treatment standard for the
listed waste includes a treatment standard for the constituent that
causes the waste to exhibit the characteristic. Otherwise, the waste
must meet the treatment standards for all applicable listed and
characteristic waste codes.
(c) In addition to any applicable standards determined from the
initial point of generation, no prohibited waste which exhibits a
characteristic under 40 CFR part 261, subpart C may be land disposed
unless the waste complies with the treatment standards under subpart D
of this part.
(d) Wastes that exhibit a characteristic are also subject to
Sec. 268.7 requirements, except that once the waste is no longer
hazardous, a one-time notification and certification must be placed in
the generators or treaters files and sent to the EPA region or
authorized state. The notification and certification that is placed in
the generators or treaters files must be updated if the process or
operation generating the waste changes and/or if the subtitle D facility
receiving the waste changes. However, the generator or treater need only
notify the EPA region or an authorized state on an annual basis if such
changes occur. Such notification and certification should be sent to the
EPA region or authorized state by the end of the calendar year, but no
later that December 31.
(1) The notification must include the following information:
(i) Name and address of the RCRA Subtitle D facility receiving the
waste shipment; and
(ii) A description of the waste as initially generated, including
the applicable EPA hazardous waste code(s), treatability group(s), and
underlying hazardous constituents (as defined in Sec. 268.2(i)), unless
the waste will be treated and monitored for all underlying hazardous
constituents. If all underlying hazardous constituents will be treated
and monitored, there is no requirement to list any of the underlying
hazardous constituents on the notice.
(2) The certification must be signed by an authorized representative
and must state the language found in Sec. 268.7(b)(4).
(i) If treatment removes the characteristic but does not meet
standards applicable to underlying hazardous constituents, then the
certification found in Sec. 268.7(b)(4)(iv) applies.
(ii) [Reserved]
[55 FR 22688, June 1, 1990, as amended at 56 FR 3878, Jan. 31, 1991; 57
FR 37271, Aug. 18, 1992; 58 FR 29885, May 24, 1993; 59 FR 48045, Sept.
19, 1994; 60 FR 245, Jan. 3, 1995; 61 FR 15599, 15662, Apr. 8, 1996; 62
FR 26022, May 12, 1997; 64 FR 25415, May 11, 1999]
Subpart B--Schedule for Land Disposal Prohibition and Establishment of
Treatment Standards
Source: 51 FR 19305, May 28, 1986, unless otherwise noted.
[[Page 133]]
Secs. 268.10--268.12 [Reserved]
Sec. 268.13 Schedule for wastes identified or listed after November 8, 1984.
In the case of any hazardous waste identified or listed under
section 3001 after November 8, 1984, the Administrator shall make a land
disposal prohibition determination within 6 months after the date of
identification or listing.
Sec. 268.14 Surface impoundment exemptions.
(a) This section defines additional circumstances under which an
otherwise prohibited waste may continue to be placed in a surface
impoundment.
(b) Wastes which are newly identified or listed under section 3001
after November 8, 1984, and stored in a surface impoundment that is
newly subject to subtitle C of RCRA as a result of the additional
identification or listing, may continue to be stored in the surface
impoundment for 48 months after the promulgation of the additional
listing or characteristic, not withstanding that the waste is otherwise
prohibited from land disposal, provided that the surface impoundment is
in compliance with the requirements of subpart F of part 265 of this
chapter within 12 months after promulgation of the new listing or
characteristic.
(c) Wastes which are newly identified or listed under section 3001
after November 8, 1984, and treated in a surface impoundment that is
newly subject to subtitle C of RCRA as a result of the additional
identification or listing, may continue to be treated in that surface
impoundment, not withstanding that the waste is otherwise prohibited
from land disposal, provided that surface impoundment is in compliance
with the requirements of subpart F of part 265 of this chapter within 12
months after the promulgation of the new listing or characteristic. In
addition, if the surface impoundment continues to treat hazardous waste
after 48 months from promulgation of the additional listing or
characteristic, it must then be in compliance with Sec. 268.4.
[57 FR 37271, Aug. 18, 1992]
Subpart C--Prohibitions on Land Disposal
Sec. 268.30 Waste specific prohibitions--wood preserving wastes.
(a) Effective August 11, 1997, the following wastes are prohibited
from land disposal: the wastes specified in 40 CFR part 261 as EPA
Hazardous Waste numbers F032, F034, and F035.
(b) Effective May 12, 1999, the following wastes are prohibited from
land disposal: soil and debris contaminated with F032, F034, F035; and
radioactive wastes mixed with EPA Hazardous waste numbers F032, F034,
and F035.
(c) Between May 12, 1997 and May 12, 1999, soil and debris
contaminated with F032, F034, F035; and radioactive waste mixed with
F032, F034, and F035 may be disposed in a landfill or surface
impoundment only if such unit is in compliance with the requirements
specified in Sec. 268.5(h)(2) of this part.
(d) The requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section do
not apply if:
(1) The wastes meet the applicable treatment standards specified in
Subpart D of this part;
(2) Persons have been granted an exemption from a prohibition
pursuant to a petition under Sec. 268.6, with respect to those wastes
and units covered by the petition;
(3) The wastes meet the applicable alternate treatment standards
established pursuant to a petition granted under Sec. 268.44; or
(4) Persons have been granted an extension to the effective date of
a prohibition pursuant to Sec. 268.5, with respect to those wastes
covered by the extension.
(e) To determine whether a hazardous waste identified in this
section exceeds the applicable treatment standards specified in
Sec. 268.40, the initial generator must test a sample of the waste
extract or the entire waste, depending on whether the treatment
standards are expressed as concentrations in the waste extract or the
waste, or the generator may use knowledge of the waste. If the waste
contains constituents in excess of the applicable Universal Treatment
Standard levels of Sec. 268.48 of this part, the waste is prohibited
from land disposal, and all requirements of
[[Page 134]]
part 268 are applicable, except as otherwise specified.
[62 FR 26022, May 12, 1997]
Sec. 268.31 Waste specific prohibitions--Dioxin-containing wastes.
(a) Effective November 8, 1988, the dioxin-containing wastes
specified in 40 CFR 261.31 as EPA Hazardous Waste Nos. F020, F02l, F022,
F023, F026, F027, and F028, are prohibited from land disposal unless the
following condition applies:
(1) The F020-F023 and F026-F028 dioxin-containing waste is
contaminated soil and debris resulting from a response action taken
under section 104 or 106 of the Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA) or a corrective action
taken under subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA).
(b) Effective November 8, 1990, the F020-F023 and F026-F028 dioxin-
containing wastes listed in paragraph (a)(1) of this section are
prohibited from land disposal.
(c) Between November 8, 1988, and November 8, 1990, wastes included
in paragraph (a)(1) of this section may be disposed in a landfill or
surface impoundment only if such unit is in compliance with the
requirements specified in Sec. 268.5(h)(2) and all other applicable
requirements of parts 264 and 265 of this chapter.
(d) The requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section do
not apply if:
(1) The wastes meet the standards of subpart D of this part; or
(2) Persons have been granted an exemption from a prohibition
pursuant to a petition under Sec. 268.6, with respect to those wastes
and units covered by the petition; or
(3) Persons have been granted an extension to the effective date of
a prohibition pursuant to Sec. 268.5, with respect to those wastes
covered by the extension.
[53 FR 31216, Aug. 17, 1988]
Secs. 268.32--268.33 [Reserved]
Sec. 268.34 Waste specific prohibitions--toxicity characteristic metal wastes.
(a) Effective August 24, 1998, the following wastes are prohibited
from land disposal: the wastes specified in 40 CFR Part 261 as EPA
Hazardous Waste numbers D004-D011 that are newly identified (i.e.
wastes, soil, or debris identified as hazardous by the Toxic
Characteristic Leaching Procedure but not the Extraction Procedure), and
waste, soil, or debris from mineral processing operations that is
identified as hazardous by the specifications at 40 CFR Part 261.
(b) Effective November 26, 1998, the following waste is prohibited
from land disposal: Slag from secondary lead smelting which exhibits the
Toxicity Characteristic due to the presence of one or more metals.
(c) Effective May 26, 2000, the following wastes are prohibited from
land disposal: newly identified characteristic wastes from elemental
phosphorus processing; radioactive wastes mixed with EPA Hazardous
wastes D004-D011 that are newly identified (i.e., wastes, soil, or
debris identified as hazardous by the Toxic Characteristic Leaching
Procedure but not the Extraction Procedure); or mixed with newly
identified characteristic mineral processing wastes, soil, or debris.
(d) Between May 26, 1998 and May 26, 2000, newly identified
characteristic wastes from elemental phosphorus processing, radioactive
waste mixed with D004-D011 wastes that are newly identified (i.e.,
wastes, soil, or debris identified as hazardous by the Toxic
Characteristic Leaching Procedure but not the Extraction Procedure), or
mixed with newly identified characteristic mineral processing wastes,
soil, or debris may be disposed in a landfill or surface impoundment
only if such unit is in compliance with the requirements specified in
Sec. 268.5(h) of this part.
(e) The requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section do
not apply if:
[[Page 135]]
(1) The wastes meet the applicable treatment standards specified in
subpart D of this part:
(2) Persons have been granted an exemption from a prohibition
pursuant to a petition under Sec. 268.6, with respect to those wastes
and units covered by the petition;
(3) The wastes meet the applicable alternate treatment standards
established pursuant to a petition granted under Sec. 268.44; or
(4) Persons have been granted an extension to the effective date of
a prohibition pursuant to Sec. 268.5, with respect to these wastes
covered by the extension.
(f) To determine whether a hazardous waste identified in this
section exceeds the applicable treatment standards specified in
Sec. 268.40, the initial generator must test a sample of the waste
extract or the entire waste, depending on whether the treatment
standards are expressed as concentration in the waste extract or the
waste, or the generator may use knowledge of the waste. If the waste
contains constituents (including underlying hazardous constituents in
characteristic wastes) in excess of the applicable Universal Treatment
Standard levels of Sec. 268.48 of this part, the waste is prohibited
from land disposal, and all requirements of part 268 are applicable,
except as otherwise specified.
[63 FR 28641, May 26, 1998, as amended at 63 FR 48127, Sept. 9, 1998]
Sec. 268.35 Waste specific prohibitions--petroleum refining wastes.
(a) Effective February 8, 1999, the wastes specified in 40 CFR part
261 as EPA Hazardous Wastes Numbers K169, K170, K171, and K172, soils
and debris contaminated with these wastes, radioactive wastes mixed with
these hazardous wastes, and soils and debris contaminated with these
radioactive mixed wastes, are prohibited from land disposal.
(b) The requirements of paragraph (a) of this section do not apply
if:
(1) The wastes meet the applicable treatment standards specified in
Subpart D of this part;
(2) Persons have been granted an exemption from a prohibition
pursuant to a petition under Sec. 268.6, with respect to those wastes
and units covered by the petition;
(3) The wastes meet the applicable treatment standards established
pursuant to a petition granted under Sec. 268.44;
(4) Hazardous debris that have met treatment standards in
Sec. 268.40 or in the alternative treatment standards in Sec. 268.45; or
(5) Persons have been granted an extension to the effective date of
a prohibition pursuant to Sec. 268.5, with respect to these wastes
covered by the extension.
(c) To determine whether a hazardous waste identified in this
section exceeds the applicable treatment standards specified in
Sec. 268.40, the initial generator must test a sample of the waste
extract or the entire waste, depending on whether the treatment
standards are expressed as concentrations in the waste extract or the
waste, or the generator may use knowledge of the waste. If the waste
contains constituents in excess of the applicable Universal Treatment
Standard levels of Sec. 268.48, the waste is prohibited from land
disposal, and all requirements of this part are applicable, except as
otherwise specified.
[63 FR 42186, Aug. 6, 1998]
Sec. 268.36 [Reserved]
Sec. 268.37 Waste specific prohibitions--ignitable and corrosive characteristic wastes whose treatment standards were vacated.
(a) Effective August 9, 1993, the wastes specified in 40 CFR 261.21
as D001 (and is not in the High TOC Ignitable Liquids Subcategory), and
specified in Sec. 261.22 as D002, that are managed in systems other than
those whose discharge is regulated under the Clean Water Act (CWA), or
that inject in Class I deep wells regulated under the Safe Drinking
Water Act (SDWA), or that are zero dischargers that engage in CWA-
equivalent treatment before ultimate land disposal, are prohibited from
land disposal. CWA-equivalent treatment means biological treatment for
organics, alkaline chlorination or ferrous sulfate precipitation for
cyanide, precipitation/sedimentation for metals, reduction of
[[Page 136]]
hexavalent chromium, or other treatment technology that can be
demonstrated to perform equally or greater than these technologies.
(b) Effective February 10, 1994, the wastes specified in 40 CFR
261.21 as D001 (and is not in the High TOC Ignitable Liquids
Subcategory), and specified in Sec. 261.22 as D002, that are managed in
systems defined in 40 CFR 144.6(e) and 146.6(e) as Class V injection
wells, that do not engage in CWA-equivalent treatment before injection,
are prohibited from land disposal.
[58 FR 29885, May 24, 1993]
Sec. 268.38 Waste specific prohibitions--newly identified organic toxicity characteristic wastes and newly listed coke by-product and chlorotoluene production
wastes.
(a) Effective December 19, 1994, the wastes specified in 40 CFR
261.32 as EPA Hazardous Waste numbers K141, K142, K143, K144, K145,
K147, K148, K149, K150, and K151 are prohibited from land disposal. In
addition, debris contaminated with EPA Hazardous Waste numbers F037,
F038, K107-K112, K117, K118, K123-K126, K131, K132, K136, U328, U353,
U359, and soil and debris contaminated with D012-D043, K141-K145, and
K147-K151 are prohibited from land disposal. The following wastes that
are specified in 40 CFR 261.24, Table 1 as EPA Hazardous Waste numbers:
D012, D013, D014, D015, D016, D017, D018, D019, D020, D021, D022, D023,
D024, D025, D026, D027, D028, D029, D030, D031, D032, D033, D034, D035,
D036, D037, D038, D039, D040, D041, D042, D043 that are not radioactive,
or that are managed in systems other than those whose discharge is
regulated under the Clean Water Act (CWA), or that are zero dischargers
that do not engage in CWA-equivalent treatment before ultimate land
disposal, or that are injected in Class I deep wells regulated under the
Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), are prohibited from land disposal. CWA-
equivalent treatment means biological treatment for organics, alkaline
chlorination or ferrous sulfate precipitation for cyanide,
precipitation/ sedimentation for metals, reduction of hexavalent
chromium, or other treatment technology that can be demonstrated to
perform equally or better than these technologies.
(b) On September 19, 1996, radioactive wastes that are mixed with
D018-D043 that are managed in systems other than those whose discharge
is regulated under the Clean Water Act (CWA), or that inject in Class I
deep wells regulated under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), or that
are zero dischargers that engage in CWA-equivalent treatment before
ultimate land disposal, are prohibited from land disposal. CWA-
equivalent treatment means biological treatment for organics, alkaline
chlorination or ferrous sulfate precipitation for cyanide,
precipitation/ sedimentation for metals, reduction of hexavalent
chromium, or other treatment technology that can be demonstrated to
perform equally or greater than these technologies. Radioactive wastes
mixed with K141-K145, and K147-K151 are also prohibited from land
disposal. In addition, soil and debris contaminated with these
radioactive mixed wastes are prohibited from land disposal.
(c) Between December 19, 1994 and September 19, 1996, the wastes
included in paragraphs (b) of this section may be disposed in a landfill
or surface impoundment, only if such unit is in compliance with the
requirements specified in Sec. 268.5(h)(2) of this Part.
(d) The requirements of paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of this section
do not apply if:
(1) The wastes meet the applicable treatment standards specified in
Subpart D of this part;
(2) Persons have been granted an exemption from a prohibition
pursuant to a petition under Sec. 268.6, with respect to those wastes
and units covered by the petition;
(3) The wastes meet the applicable alternate treatment standards
established pursuant to a petition granted under Sec. 268.44;
(4) Persons have been granted an extension to the effective date of
a prohibition pursuant to Sec. 268.5, with respect to these wastes
covered by the extension.
(e) To determine whether a hazardous waste identified in this
section exceeds the applicable treatment standards
[[Page 137]]
specified in Sec. 268.40, the initial generator must test a sample of
the waste extract or the entire waste, depending on whether the
treatment standards are expressed as concentrations in the waste extract
or the waste, or the generator may use knowledge of the waste. If the
waste contains constituents in excess of the applicable Subpart D
levels, the waste is prohibited from land disposal, and all requirements
of part 268 are applicable, except as otherwise specified.
[59 FR 48045, Sept. 19, 1995]
Sec. 268.39 Waste specific prohibitions--spent aluminum potliners; reactive; and carbamate wastes.
(a) On July 8, 1996, the wastes specified in 40 CFR 261.32 as EPA
Hazardous Waste numbers K156-K159, and K161; and in 40 CFR 261.33 as EPA
Hazardous Waste numbers P127, P128, P185, P188-P192, P194, P196-P199,
P201-P205, U271, U278-U280, U364, U367, U372, U373, U387, U389, U394,
U395, U404, and U409-U411 are prohibited from land disposal. In
addition, soil and debris contaminated with these wastes are prohibited
from land disposal.
(b) On July 8, 1996, the wastes identified in 40 CFR 261.23 as D003
that are managed in systems other than those whose discharge is
regulated under the Clean Water Act (CWA), or that inject in Class I
deep wells regulated under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), or that
are zero dischargers that engage in CWA-equivalent treatment before
ultimate land disposal, are prohibited from land disposal. This
prohibition does not apply to unexploded ordnance and other explosive
devices which have been the subject of an emergency response. (Such D003
wastes are prohibited unless they meet the treatment standard of DEACT
before land disposal (see Sec. 268.40)).
(c) On September 21, 1998, the wastes specified in 40 CFR 261.32 as
EPA Hazardous Waste number K088 are prohibited from land disposal. In
addition, soil and debris contaminated with these wastes are prohibited
from land disposal.
(d) On April 8, 1998, radioactive wastes mixed with K088, K156-K159,
K161, P127, P128, P185, P188-P192, P194, P196-P199, P201-P205, U271,
U278-U280, U364, U367, U372, U373, U387, U389, U394, U395, U404, and
U409-U411 are prohibited from land disposal. In addition, soil and
debris contaminated with these radioactive mixed wastes are prohibited
from land disposal.
(e) Between July 8, 1996, and April 8, 1998, the wastes included in
paragraphs (a), (c), and (d) of this section may be disposed in a
landfill or surface impoundment, only if such unit is in compliance with
the requirements specified in Sec. 268.5(h)(2).
(f) The requirements of paragraphs (a), (b), (c), and (d) of this
section do not apply if:
(1) The wastes meet the applicable treatment standards specified in
Subpart D of this part;
(2) Persons have been granted an exemption from a prohibition
pursuant to a petition under Sec. 268.6, with respect to those wastes
and units covered by the petition;
(3) The wastes meet the applicable alternate treatment standards
established pursuant to a petition granted under Sec. 268.44;
(4) Persons have been granted an extension to the effective date of
a prohibition pursuant to Sec. 268.5, with respect to these wastes
covered by the extension.
(g) To determine whether a hazardous waste identified in this
section exceeds the applicable treatment standards specified in
Sec. 268.40, the initial generator must test a sample of the waste
extract or the entire waste, depending on whether the treatment
standards are expressed as concentrations in the waste extract or the
waste, or the generator may use knowledge of the waste. If the waste
contains constituents in excess of the applicable Subpart D levels, the
waste is prohibited from land disposal, and all requirements of this
part 268 are applicable, except as otherwise specified.
[61 FR 15663, Apr. 8, 1996, as amended at 61 FR 33683, June 28, 1996; 62
FR 1997, Jan. 14, 1997; 62 FR 32979, June 17, 1997; 62 FR 37699, July
14, 1997; 63 FR 51264, Sept. 24, 1998]
[[Page 138]]
Subpart D--Treatment Standards
Sec. 268.40 Applicability of treatment standards.
(a) A prohibited waste identified in the table ``Treatment Standards
for Hazardous Wastes'' may be land disposed only if it meets the
requirements found in the table. For each waste, the table identifies
one of three types of treatment standard requirements:
(1) All hazardous constituents in the waste or in the treatment
residue must be at or below the values found in the table for that waste
(``total waste standards''); or
(2) The hazardous constituents in the extract of the waste or in the
extract of the treatment residue must be at or below the values found in
the table (``waste extract standards''); or
(3) The waste must be treated using the technology specified in the
table (``technology standard''), which are described in detail in
Sec. 268.42, Table 1--Technology Codes and Description of Technology-
Based Standards.
(b) For wastewaters, compliance with concentration level standards
is based on maximums for any one day, except for D004 through D011
wastes for which the previously promulgated treatment standards based on
grab samples remain in effect. For all nonwastewaters, compliance with
concentration level standards is based on grab sampling. For wastes
covered by the waste extract standards, the test Method 1311, the
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure found in ``Test Methods for
Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods'', EPA Publication SW-
846, as incorporated by reference in Sec. 260.11, must be used to
measure compliance. An exception is made for D004 and D008, for which
either of two test methods may be used: Method 1311, or Method 1310, the
Extraction Procedure Toxicity Test. For wastes covered by a technology
standard, the wastes may be land disposed after being treated using that
specified technology or an equivalent treatment technology approved by
the Administrator under the procedures set forth in Sec. 268.42(b).
(c) When wastes with differing treatment standards for a constituent
of concern are combined for purposes of treatment, the treatment residue
must meet the lowest treatment standard for the constituent of concern.
(d) Notwithstanding the prohibitions specified in paragraph (a) of
this section, treatment and disposal facilities may demonstrate (and
certify pursuant to 40 CFR 268.7(b)(5)) compliance with the treatment
standards for organic constituents specified by a footnote in the table
``Treatment Standards for Hazardous Wastes'' in this section, provided
the following conditions are satisfied:
(1) The treatment standards for the organic constituents were
established based on incineration in units operated in accordance with
the technical requirements of 40 CFR part 264, subpart O, or based on
combustion in fuel substitution units operating in accordance with
applicable technical requirements;
(2) The treatment or disposal facility has used the methods
referenced in paragraph (d)(1) of this section to treat the organic
constituents; and
(3) The treatment or disposal facility may demonstrate compliance
with organic constituents if good-faith analytical efforts achieve
detection limits for the regulated organic constituents that do not
exceed the treatment standards specified in this section by an order of
magnitude.
(e) For characteristic wastes (D001-D043) that are subject to
treatment standards in the following table ``Treatment Standards for
Hazardous Wastes,'' and are not managed in a wastewater treatment system
that is regulated under the Clean Water Act (CWA), that is CWA-
equivalent, or that is injected into a Class I nonhazardous deep
injection well, all underlying hazardous constituents (as defined in
Sec. 268.2(i)) must meet Universal Treatment Standards, found in
Sec. 268.48, Table Universal Treatment Standards, prior to land disposal
as defined in Sec. 268.2(c) of this part.
(f) The treatment standards for F001-F005 nonwastewater constituents
carbon disulfide, cyclohexanone, and/or methanol apply to wastes which
contain only one, two, or three of these constituents. Compliance is
measured
[[Page 139]]
for these constituents in the waste extract from test Method 1311, the
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure found in ``Test Methods for
Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods'', EPA Publication SW-
846, as incorporated by reference in Sec. 260.11. If the waste contains
any of these three constituents along with any of the other 25
constituents found in F001-F005, then compliance with treatment
standards for carbon disulfide, cyclohexanone, and/or methanol are not
required.
(g) Between August 26, 1996 and March 4, 1999 the treatment
standards for the wastes specified in 40 CFR 261.32 as EPA Hazardous
Waste numbers K156-K161; and in 40 CFR 261.33 as EPA Hazardous Waste
numbers P127, P128, P185, P188-P192, P194, P196-P199, P201-P205, U271,
U277-U280, U364-U367, U372, U373, U375-U379, U381-U387, U389-U396, U400-
U404, U407, and U409-U411; and soil contaminated with these wastes; may
be satisfied by either meeting the constituent concentrations presented
in the table ``Treatment Standards for Hazardous Wastes'' in this
section, or by treating the waste by the following technologies:
combustion, as defined by the technology code CMBST at Sec. 268.42 Table
1, for nonwastewaters; and, biodegradation as definded by the technology
code BIODG, carbon adsorption as defined by the technology code CARBN,
chemical oxidation as defined by the technology code CHOXD, or
combustion as defined as technology code CMBST at Sec. 268.42 Table 1,
for wastewaters.
(h) Prohibited D004-D011 mixed radioactive wastes and mixed
radioactive listed wastes containing metal constituents, that were
previously treated by stabilization to the treatment standards in effect
at that time and then put into storage, do not have to be re-treated to
meet treatment standards in this section prior to land disposal.
(i) Zinc micronutrient fertilizers that are produced for the general
public's use and that are produced from or contain recycled
characteristic hazardous wastes (D004-D011) are subject to the
applicable treatment standards in Sec. 268.41 contained in the 40 CFR,
parts 260 to 299, edition revised as of July 1, 1990.
(j) Effective September 4, 1998, the treatment standards for the
wastes specified in 40 CFR 261.33 as EPA Hazardous Waste numbers P185,
P191, P192, P197, U364, U394, and U395 may be satisfied by either
meeting the constituent concentrations presented in the table
``Treatment Standards for Hazardous Wastes'' in this section, or by
treating the waste by the following technologies: combustion, as defined
by the technology code CMBST at Sec. 268.42 Table 1 of this Part, for
nonwastewaters; and, biodegradation as defined by the technology code
BIODG, carbon adsorption as defined by the technology code CARBN,
chemical oxidation as defined by the technology code CHOXD, or
combustion as defined as technology code CMBST at Sec. 268.42 Table 1 of
this Part, for wastewaters.
[[Page 140]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.011
[[Page 141]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.012
[[Page 142]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.013
[[Page 143]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.014
[[Page 144]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.015
[[Page 145]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.016
[[Page 146]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.017
[[Page 147]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.018
[[Page 148]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.019
[[Page 149]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.020
[[Page 150]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.021
[[Page 151]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.022
[[Page 152]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.023
[[Page 153]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.024
[[Page 154]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.025
[[Page 155]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.026
[[Page 156]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.027
[[Page 157]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.028
[[Page 158]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.029
[[Page 159]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.030
[[Page 160]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.031
[[Page 161]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.032
[[Page 162]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.033
[[Page 163]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.034
[[Page 164]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.035
[[Page 165]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.036
[[Page 166]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.037
[[Page 167]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.038
[[Page 168]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.039
[[Page 169]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.040
[[Page 170]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.041
[[Page 171]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.042
[[Page 172]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.043
[[Page 173]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.044
[[Page 174]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.045
[[Page 175]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.046
[[Page 176]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.047
[[Page 177]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.048
[[Page 178]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.049
[[Page 179]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.050
[[Page 180]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.051
[[Page 181]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.052
[[Page 182]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.053
[[Page 183]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.054
[[Page 184]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.055
[[Page 185]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.056
[[Page 186]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.057
[[Page 187]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.058
[[Page 188]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.059
[[Page 189]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.060
[[Page 190]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.061
[[Page 191]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.062
[[Page 192]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.063
[[Page 193]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.064
[[Page 194]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.065
[[Page 195]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.066
[[Page 196]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.067
[[Page 197]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.068
[[Page 198]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.069
[[Page 199]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.070
[[Page 200]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.071
[[Page 201]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.072
[[Page 202]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.073
[[Page 203]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.074
[[Page 204]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.075
[[Page 205]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.076
[[Page 206]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.077
[[Page 207]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.078
[[Page 208]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.079
[[Page 209]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.080
[[Page 210]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.081
[[Page 211]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.082
[[Page 212]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.083
[[Page 213]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.084
[[Page 214]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.085
[[Page 215]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.086
[[Page 216]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.087
[[Page 217]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.088
[[Page 218]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.089
[[Page 219]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.090
[[Page 220]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.091
[[Page 221]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.092
[[Page 222]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.093
[[Page 223]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.094
[[Page 224]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.095
[[Page 225]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.096
[[Page 226]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.097
[[Page 227]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.098
[[Page 228]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.099
[[Page 229]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.100
[[Page 230]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.101
[[Page 231]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.102
[[Page 232]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.103
[[Page 233]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.104
[[Page 234]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.105
[[Page 235]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.106
[[Page 236]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.107
[[Page 237]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.108
[[Page 238]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.109
[[Page 239]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.110
[[Page 240]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.111
[59 FR 48046, Sept. 19, 1994]
Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting
Sec. 268.40, see the List of CFR Sections Affected in the Finding Aids
section of this volume.
[[Page 241]]
Sec. 268.41 Treatment standards expressed as concentrations in waste extract.
For the requirements previously found in this section and for
treatment standards in Table CCWE--Constituent Concentrations in Waste
Extracts, refer to Sec. 268.40.
[59 FR 48103, Sept. 19, 1994]
Sec. 268.42 Treatment standards expressed as specified technologies.
Note: For the requirements previously found in this section in Table
2--Technology-Based Standards By RCRA Waste Code, and Table 3--
Technology-Based Standards for Specific Radioactive Hazardous Mixed
Waste, refer to Sec. 268.40.
(a) The following wastes in the table in Sec. 268.40 ``Treatment
Standards for Hazardous Wastes,'' for which standards are expressed as a
treatment method rather than a concentration level, must be treated
using the technology or technologies specified in the table entitled
``Technology Codes and Description of Technology-Based Standards'' in
this section.
Table 1.--Technology Codes and Description of Technology-Based Standards
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technology code Description of technology-based standards
------------------------------------------------------------------------
ADGAS: Venting of compressed gases into an absorbing or
reacting media (i.e., solid or liquid)--venting
can be accomplished through physical release
utilizing valves/piping; physical penetration
of the container; and/or penetration through
detonation.
AMLGM: Amalgamation of liquid, elemental mercury
contaminated with radioactive materials
utilizing inorganic reagents such as copper,
zinc, nickel, gold, and sulfur that result in a
nonliquid, semi-solid amalgam and thereby
reducing potential emissions of elemental
mercury vapors to the air.
BIODG: Biodegradation of organics or non-metallic
inorganics (i.e., degradable inorganics that
contain the elements of phosphorus, nitrogen,
and sulfur) in units operated under either
aerobic or anaerobic conditions such that a
surrogate compound or indicator parameter has
been substantially reduced in concentration in
the residuals (e.g., Total Organic Carbon can
often be used as an indicator parameter for the
biodegradation of many organic constituents
that cannot be directly analyzed in wastewater
residues).
CARBN: Carbon adsorption (granulated or powdered) of
non-metallic inorganics, organo-metallics, and/
or organic constituents, operated such that a
surrogate compound or indicator parameter has
not undergone breakthrough (e.g., Total Organic
Carbon can often be used as an indicator
parameter for the adsorption of many organic
constituents that cannot be directly analyzed
in wastewater residues). Breakthrough occurs
when the carbon has become saturated with the
constituent (or indicator parameter) and
substantial change in adsorption rate
associated with that constituent occurs.
CHOXD: Chemical or electrolytic oxidation utilizing the
following oxidation reagents (or waste
reagents) or combinations of reagents: (1)
Hypochlorite (e.g., bleach); (2) chlorine; (3)
chlorine dioxide; (4) ozone or UV (ultraviolet
light) assisted ozone; (5) peroxides; (6)
persulfates; (7) perchlorates; (8)
permangantes; and/or (9) other oxidizing
reagents of equivalent efficiency, performed in
units operated such that a surrogate compound
or indicator parameter has been substantially
reduced in concentration in the residuals
(e.g., Total Organic Carbon can often be used
as an indicator parameter for the oxidation of
many organic constituents that cannot be
directly analyzed in wastewater residues).
Chemical oxidation specifically includes what
is commonly referred to as alkaline
chlorination.
CHRED: Chemical reduction utilizing the following
reducing reagents (or waste reagents) or
combinations of reagents: (1) Sulfur dioxide;
(2) sodium, potassium, or alkali salts or
sulfites, bisulfites, metabisulfites, and
polyethylene glycols (e.g., NaPEG and KPEG);
(3) sodium hydrosulfide; (4) ferrous salts; and/
or (5) other reducing reagents of equivalent
efficiency, performed in units operated such
that a surrogate compound or indicator
parameter has been substantially reduced in
concentration in the residuals (e.g., Total
Organic Halogens can often be used as an
indicator parameter for the reduction of many
halogenated organic constituents that cannot be
directly analyzed in wastewater residues).
Chemical reduction is commonly used for the
reduction of hexavalent chromium to the
trivalent state.
CMBST: High temperature organic destruction
technologies, such as combustion in
incinerators, boilers, or industrial furnaces
operated in accordance with the applicable
requirements of 40 CFR part 264, subpart O, or
40 CFR part 265, subpart O, or 40 CFR part 266,
subpart H, and in other units operated in
accordance with applicable technical operating
requirements; and certain non-combustive
technologies, such as the Catalytic Extraction
Process.
DEACT: Deactivation to remove the hazardous
characteristics of a waste due to its
ignitability, corrosivity, and/or reactivity.
FSUBS: Fuel substitution in units operated in
accordance with applicable technical operating
requirements.
HLVIT: Vitrification of high level mixed radioactive
wastes in units in compliance with all
applicable radioactive protection requirements
under control of the Nuclear Regulatory
Commission.
IMERC: Incineration of wastes containing organics and
mercury in units operated in accordance with
the technical operating requirements of 40 CFR
part 264 subpart 0 and part 265 subpart 0. All
wastewater and nonwastewater residues derived
from this process must then comply with the
corresponding treatment standards per waste
code with consideration of any applicable
subcategories (e.g., High or Low Mercury
Subcategories).
INCIN: Incineration in units operated in accordance
with the technical operating requirements of 40
CFR part 264 subpart 0 and part 265 subpart 0.
[[Page 242]]
LLEXT: Liquid-liquid extraction (often referred to as
solvent extraction) of organics from liquid
wastes into an immiscible solvent for which the
hazardous constituents have a greater solvent
affinity, resulting in an extract high in
organics that must undergo either incineration,
reuse as a fuel, or other recovery/reuse and a
raffinate (extracted liquid waste)
proportionately low in organics that must
undergo further treatment as specified in the
standard.
MACRO: Macroencapsulation with surface coating
materials such as polymeric organics (e.g.,
resins and plastics) or with a jacket of inert
inorganic materials to substantially reduce
surface exposure to potential leaching media.
Macroencapsulation specifically does not
include any material that would be classified
as a tank or container according to 40 CFR
260.10.
NEUTR: Neutralization with the following reagents (or
waste reagents) or combinations of reagents:
(1) Acids; (2) bases; or (3) water (including
wastewaters) resulting in a pH greater than 2
but less than 12.5 as measured in the aqueous
residuals.
NLDBR: No land disposal based on recycling.
POLYM: Formation of complex high-molecular weight
solids through polymerization of monomers in
high-TOC D001 non-wastewaters which are
chemical components in the manufacture of
plastics.
PRECP: Chemical precipitation of metals and other
inorganics as insoluble precipitates of oxides,
hydroxides, carbonates, sulfides, sulfates,
chlorides, flourides, or phosphates. The
following reagents (or waste reagents) are
typically used alone or in combination: (1)
Lime (i.e., containing oxides and/or hydroxides
of calcium and/or magnesium; (2) caustic (i.e.,
sodium and/or potassium hydroxides; (3) soda
ash (i.e., sodium carbonate); (4) sodium
sulfide; (5) ferric sulfate or ferric chloride;
(6) alum; or (7) sodium sulfate. Additional
floculating, coagulation or similar reagents/
processes that enhance sludge dewatering
characteristics are not precluded from use.
RBERY: Thermal recovery of Beryllium.
RCGAS: Recovery/reuse of compressed gases including
techniques such as reprocessing of the gases
for reuse/resale; filtering/adsorption of
impurities; remixing for direct reuse or
resale; and use of the gas as a fuel source.
RCORR: Recovery of acids or bases utilizing one or more
of the following recovery technologies: (1)
Distillation (i.e., thermal concentration); (2)
ion exchange; (3) resin or solid adsorption;
(4) reverse osmosis; and/or (5) incineration
for the recovery of acid--Note: this does not
preclude the use of other physical phase
separation or concentration techniques such as
decantation, filtration (including
ultrafiltration), and centrifugation, when used
in conjunction with the above listed recovery
technologies.
RLEAD: Thermal recovery of lead in secondary lead
smelters.
RMERC: Retorting or roasting in a thermal processing
unit capable of volatilizing mercury and
subsequently condensing the volatilized mercury
for recovery. The retorting or roasting unit
(or facility) must be subject to one or more of
the following: (a) a National Emissions
Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP)
for mercury; (b) a Best Available Control
Technology (BACT) or a Lowest Achievable
Emission Rate (LAER) standard for mercury
imposed pursuant to a Prevention of Significant
Deterioration (PSD) permit; or (c) a state
permit that establishes emission limitations
(within meaning of section 302 of the Clean Air
Act) for mercury. All wastewater and
nonwastewater residues derived from this
process must then comply with the corresponding
treatment standards per waste code with
consideration of any applicable subcategories
(e.g., High or Low Mercury Subcategories).
RMETL: Recovery of metals or inorganics utilizing one
or more of the following direct physical/
removal technologies: (1) Ion exchange; (2)
resin or solid (i.e., zeolites) adsorption; (3)
reverse osmosis; (4) chelation/solvent
extraction; (5) freeze crystalization; (6)
ultrafiltration and/or (7) simple precipitation
(i.e., crystalization)--Note: This does not
preclude the use of other physical phase
separation or concentration techniques such as
decantation, filtration (including
ultrafiltration), and centrifugation, when used
in conjunction with the above listed recovery
technologies.
RORGS: Recovery of organics utilizing one or more of
the following technologies: (1) Distillation;
(2) thin film evaporation; (3) steam stripping;
(4) carbon adsorption; (5) critical fluid
extraction; (6) liquid-liquid extraction; (7)
precipitation/crystalization (including freeze
crystallization); or (8) chemical phase
separation techniques (i.e., addition of acids,
bases, demulsifiers, or similar chemicals);--
Note: this does not preclude the use of other
physical phase separation techniques such as a
decantation, filtration (including
ultrafiltration), and centrifugation, when used
in conjunction with the above listed recovery
technologies.
RTHRM: Thermal recovery of metals or inorganics from
nonwastewaters in units identified as
industrial furnaces according to 40 CFR 260.10
(1), (6), (7), (11), and (12) under the
definition of ``industrial furnaces''.
RZINC: Resmelting in high temperature metal recovery
units for the purpose of recovery of zinc.
STABL: Stabilization with the following reagents (or
waste reagents) or combinations of reagents:
(1) Portland cement; or (2) lime/pozzolans
(e.g., fly ash and cement kiln dust)--this does
not preclude the addition of reagents (e.g.,
iron salts, silicates, and clays) designed to
enhance the set/cure time and/or compressive
strength, or to overall reduce the leachability
of the metal or inorganic.
SSTRP: Steam stripping of organics from liquid wastes
utilizing direct application of steam to the
wastes operated such that liquid and vapor flow
rates, as well as, temperature and pressure
ranges have been optimized, monitored, and
maintained. These operating parameters are
dependent upon the design parameters of the
unit such as, the number of separation stages
and the internal column design. Thus, resulting
in a condensed extract high in organics that
must undergo either incineration, reuse as a
fuel, or other recovery/reuse and an extracted
wastewater that must undergo further treatment
as specified in the standard.
WETOX: Wet air oxidation performed in units operated
such that a surrogate compound or indicator
parameter has been substantially reduced in
concentration in the residuals (e.g., Total
Organic Carbon can often be used as an
indicator parameter for the oxidation of many
organic constituents that cannot be directly
analyzed in wastewater residues).
[[Page 243]]
WTRRX: Controlled reaction with water for highly
reactive inorganic or organic chemicals with
precautionary controls for protection of
workers from potential violent reactions as
well as precautionary controls for potential
emissions of toxic/ignitable levels of gases
released during the reaction.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note 1: When a combination of these technologies (i.e., a treatment
train) is specified as a single treatment standard, the order of
application is specified in Sec. 268.42, Table 2 by indicating the
five letter technology code that must be applied first, then the
designation ``fb.'' (an abbreviation for ``followed by''), then the
five letter technology code for the technology that must be applied
next, and so on.
Note 2: When more than one technology (or treatment train) are specified
as alternative treatment standards, the five letter technology codes
(or the treatment trains) are separated by a semicolon (;) with the
last technology preceded by the word ``OR''. This indicates that any
one of these BDAT technologies or treatment trains can be used for
compliance with the standard.
(b) Any person may submit an application to the Administrator
demonstrating that an alternative treatment method can achieve a measure
of performance equivalent to that achieved by methods specified in
paragraphs (a), (c), and (d) of this section for wastes or specified in
Table 1 of Sec. 268.45 for hazardous debris. The applicant must submit
information demonstrating that his treatment method is in compliance
with federal, state, and local requirements and is protective of human
health and the environment. On the basis of such information and any
other available information, the Administrator may approve the use of
the alternative treatment method if he finds that the alternative
treatment method provides a measure of performance equivalent to that
achieved by methods specified in paragraphs (a), (c), and (d) of this
section for wastes or in Table 1 of Sec. 268.45 for hazardous debris.
Any approval must be stated in writing and may contain such provisions
and conditions as the Administrator deems appropriate. The person to
whom such approval is issued must comply with all limitations contained
in such a determination.
(c) As an alternative to the otherwise applicable subpart D
treatment standards, lab packs are eligible for land disposal provided
the following requirements are met:
(1) The lab packs comply with the applicable provisions of 40 CFR
264.316 and 40 CFR 265.316;
(2) The lab pack does not contain any of the wastes listed in
Appendix IV to part 268;
(3) The lab packs are incinerated in accordance with the
requirements of 40 CFR part 264, subpart O or 40 CFR part 265, subpart
O; and
(4) Any incinerator residues from lab packs containing D004, D005,
D006, D007, D008, D010, and D011 are treated in compliance with the
applicable treatment standards specified for such wastes in subpart D of
this part.
(d) Radioactive hazardous mixed wastes are subject to the treatment
standards in Sec. 268.40. Where treatment standards are specified for
radioactive mixed wastes in the Table of Treatment Standards, those
treatment standards will govern. Where there is no specific treatment
standard for radioactive mixed waste, the treatment standard for the
hazardous waste (as designated by EPA waste code) applies. Hazardous
debris containing radioactive waste is subject to the treatment
standards specified in Sec. 268.45.
[51 FR 40642, Nov. 7, 1986, as amended at 52 FR 25790, July 8, 1987; 55
FR 22692, June 1, 1990; 56 FR 3884, Jan. 31, 1991; 57 FR 8089, Mar. 6,
1992; 57 FR 37273, Aug. 18, 1992; 58 FR 29885, May 24, 1993; 59 FR
31552, June 20, 1994; 59 FR 48103, Sept. 19, 1994; 60 FR 302, Jan. 3,
1995; 61 FR 15654, Apr. 8, 1996; 62 FR 26025, May 12, 1997; 63 FR 28738,
May 26, 1998]
Sec. 268.43 Treatment standards expressed as waste concentrations.
For the requirements previously found in this section and for
treatment standards in Table CCW--Constituent Concentrations in Wastes,
refer to Sec. 268.40.
[59 FR 48103, Sept. 19, 1994]
Sec. 268.44 Variance from a treatment standard.
(a) Based on a petition filed by a generator or treater of hazardous
waste, the Administrator may approve a variance from an applicable
treatment standard if:
[[Page 244]]
(1) It is not physically possible to treat the waste to the level
specified in the treatment standard, or by the method specified as the
treatment standard. To show that this is the case, the petitioner must
demonstrate that because the physical or chemical properties of the
waste differ significantly from waste analyzed in developing the
treatment standard, the waste cannot be treated to the specified level
or by the specified method; or
(2) It is inappropriate to require the waste to be treated to the
level specified in the treatment standard or by the method specified as
the treatment standard, even though such treatment is technically
possible. To show that this is the case, the petitioner must either
demonstrate that:
(i) Treatment to the specified level or by the specified method is
technically inappropriate (for example, resulting in combustion of large
amounts of mildly contaminated environmental media); or
(ii) For remediation waste only, treatment to the specified level or
by the specified method is environmentally inappropriate because it
would likely discourage aggressive remediation.
(b) Each petition must be submitted in accordance with the
procedures in Sec. 260.20.
(c) Each petition must include the following statement signed by the
petitioner or an authorized representative:
I certify under penalty of law that I have personally examined and
am familiar with the information submitted in this petition and all
attached documents, and that, based on my inquiry of those individuals
immediately responsible for obtaining the information, I believe that
the submitted information is true, accurate, and complete. I am aware
that these are significant penalties for submitting false information,
including the possibility of fine and imprisonment.
(d) After receiving a petition for variance from a treatment
standard, the Administrator may request any additional information or
samples which he may require to evaluate the petition. Additional copies
of the complete petition may be requested as needed to send to affected
states and Regional Offices.
(e) The Administrator will give public notice in the Federal
Register of the intent to approve or deny a petition and provide an
opportunity for public comment. The final decision on a variance from a
treatment standard will be published in the Federal Register.
(f) A generator, treatment facility, or disposal facility that is
managing a waste covered by a variance from the treatment standards must
comply with the waste analysis requirements for restricted wastes found
under Sec. 268.7.
(g) During the petition review process, the applicant is required to
comply with all restrictions on land disposal under this part once the
effective date for the waste has been reached.
(h) Based on a petition filed by a generator or treater of hazardous
waste, the Administrator or his or her delegated representative may
approve a site-specific variance from an applicable treatment standard
if:
(1) It is not physically possible to treat the waste to the level
specified in the treatment standard, or by the method specified as the
treatment standard. To show that this is the case, the petitioner must
demonstrate that because the physical or chemical properties of the
waste differ significantly from waste analyzed in developing the
treatment standard, the waste cannot be treated to the specified level
or by the specified method; or
(2) It is inappropriate to require the waste to be treated to the
level specified in the treatment standard or by the method specified as
the treatment standard, even though such treatment is technically
possible. To show that this is the case, the petitioner must either
demonstrate that:
(i) Treatment to the specified level or by the specified method is
technically inappropriate (for example, resulting in combustion of large
amounts of mildly contaminated environmental media where the treatment
standard is not based on combustion of such media); or
(ii) For remediation waste only, treatment to the specified level or
by the specified method is environmentally inappropriate because it
would likely discourage aggressive remediation.
[[Page 245]]
(3) For contaminated soil only, treatment to the level or by the
method specified in the soil treatment standards would result in
concentrations of hazardous constituents that are below (i.e., lower
than) the concentrations necessary to minimize short- and long-term
threats to human health and the environment. Treatment variances
approved under this paragraph must:
(i) At a minimum, impose alternative land disposal restriction
treatment standards that, using a reasonable maximum exposure scenario:
(A) For carcinogens, achieve constituent concentrations that result
in the total excess risk to an individual exposed over a lifetime
generally falling within a range from 10 -4 to 10
-6; and
(B) For constituents with non-carcinogenic effects, achieve
constituent concentrations that an individual could be exposed to on a
daily basis without appreciable risk of deleterious effect during a
lifetime.
(ii) Not consider post-land-disposal controls.
(4) For contaminated soil only, treatment to the level or by the
method specified in the soil treatment standards would result in
concentrations of hazardous constituents that are below (i.e., lower
than) natural background concentrations at the site where the
contaminated soil will land disposed.
(5) Public notice and a reasonable opportunity for public comment
must be provided before granting or denying a petition.
(i) Each application for a site-specific variance from a treatment
standard must include the information in Sec. 260.20(b)(1)-(4);
(j) After receiving an application for a site-specific variance from
a treatment standard, the Assistant Administrator, or his delegated
representative, may request any additional information or samples which
may be required to evaluate the application.
(k) A generator, treatment facility, or disposal facility that is
managing a waste covered by a site-specific variance from a treatment
standard must comply with the waste analysis requirements for restricted
wastes found under Sec. 268.7.
(l) During the application review process, the applicant for a site-
specific variance must comply with all restrictions on land disposal
under this part once the effective date for the waste has been reached.
(m) For all variances, the petitioner must also demonstrate that
compliance with any given treatment variance is sufficient to minimize
threats to human health and the environment posed by land disposal of
the waste. In evaluating this demonstration, EPA may take into account
whether a treatment variance should be approved if the subject waste is
to be used in a manner constituting disposal pursuant to 40 CFR 266.20
through 266.23.
(n) [Reserved]
(o) The following facilities are excluded from the treatment
standards under Sec. 268.40, and are subject to the following
constituent concentrations:
[[Page 246]]
Table--Wastes Excluded From the Treatment Standards Under Sec. 268.40
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wastewaters Nonwastewaters
Regulated hazardous -------------------------------------------------------
Facility name\1\ and address Waste code See also constituent Concentration Concentration
(mg/l) Notes (mg/kg) Notes
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ball-Foster Glass Container D010 Table CCWE in 268.40 Selenium............ NA NA 25 NA
Corporation, El Monte, CA (\6\),
(\7\).
Craftsman Plating and Tinning, F006 Table CCWE in 268.40 Cyanides (Total).... 1.2 (\2\) 1800 (\4\)
Corp., Chicago, IL.
................ Cyanides (Amenable). .86 (\2\ and 30 (\4\)
\3\)
................ Cadmium............. 1.6 ........... NA ...........
................ Chromium............ .32 ........... NA ...........
................ Lead................ .040 ........... NA ...........
................ Nickel.............. .44 ........... NA ...........
Owens Brockway Glass Container D010 Table CCWE in 268.40 Selenium............ NA NA 51 NA
Company, Vernon, CA (\5\), (\7\).
Northwestern Plating Works, Inc., F006 Table CCWE in 268.40 Cyanides (Total).... 1.2 (\2\ and 970 (\4\)
Chicago, IL. \3\)
................ Cyanides (Amenable). .86 (\2\) 30 (\4\)
................ Cadmium............. 1.6 ........... NA ...........
................ Chromium............ .32 ........... NA ...........
................ Lead................ .040 ........... NA ...........
................ Nickel.............. .44 ........... NA ...........
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(\1\)--A facility may certify compliance with these treatment standards according to provisions in 40 CFR 268.7.
(\2\)--Cyanide Wastewater Standards for F006 are based on analysis of composite samples.
(\3\)--These facilities must comply with 0.86 mg/l for amenable cyanides in the wastewater exiting the alkaline chlorination system. These facilities
must also comply with 40 CFR Sec. 268.7.a.4 for appropriate monitoring frequency consistent with the facilities' waste analysis plan.
(\4\)--Cyanide nonwastewaters are analyzed using SW-846 Method 9010 or 9012, sample size 10 grams, distillation time, 1 hour and 15 minutes.
(\5\)--Alternative D010 selenium standard only applies to dry scrubber solid from glass manufacturing wastes.
(\6\)--Alternative D010 selenium standard only applies to electrostatic precipitator dust generated during glass manufacturing operations.
(\7\)--D010 wastes generated by these two facilities are subject to the following conditions: (a) the wastes must be treated by Chemical Waste
Management, Inc. at their Kettleman Hills facility in Kettleman City, California; and (b) this treatment variance will be valid until May 11, 2002.
Note: NA means Not Applicable.
[51 FR 40642, Nov. 7, 1986, as amended at 52 FR 21017, June 4, 1987; 53
FR 31221, Aug. 17, 1988; 54 FR 36972, Sept. 6, 1989; 56 FR 12355, Mar.
25, 1991; 61 FR 55727, Oct. 28, 1996; 62 FR 26025, May 12, 1997; 62 FR
64509, Dec. 5, 1997; 63 FR 28738, May 26, 1998; 64 FR 28391, May 26,
1999]
[[Page 247]]
Sec. 268.45 Treatment standards for hazardous debris.
(a) Treatment standards. Hazardous debris must be treated prior to
land disposal as follows unless EPA determines under Sec. 261.3(f)(2) of
this chapter that the debris is no longer contaminated with hazardous
waste or the debris is treated to the waste-specific treatment standard
provided in this subpart for the waste contaminating the debris:
(1) General. Hazardous debris must be treated for each ``contaminant
subject to treatment'' defined by paragraph (b) of this section using
the technology or technologies identified in Table 1 of this section.
(2) Characteristic debris. Hazardous debris that exhibits the
characteristic of ignitability, corrosivity, or reactivity identified
under Secs. 261.21, 261.22, and 261.23 of this chapter, respectively,
must be deactivated by treatment using one of the technologies
identified in Table 1 of this section.
(3) Mixtures of debris types. The treatment standards of Table 1 in
this section must be achieved for each type of debris contained in a
mixture of debris types. If an immobilization technology is used in a
treatment train, it must be the last treatment technology used.
(4) Mixtures of contaminant types. Debris that is contaminated with
two or more contaminants subject to treatment identified under paragraph
(b) of this section must be treated for each contaminant using one or
more treatment technologies identified in Table 1 of this section. If an
immobilization technology is used in a treatment train, it must be the
last treatment technology used.
(5) Waste PCBs. Hazardous debris that is also a waste PCB under 40
CFR part 761 is subject to the requirements of either 40 CFR part 761 or
the requirements of this section, whichever are more stringent.
(b) Contaminants subject to treatment. Hazardous debris must be
treated for each ``contaminant subject to treatment.'' The contaminants
subject to treatment must be determined as follows:
(1) Toxicity characteristic debris. The contaminants subject to
treatment for debris that exhibits the Toxicity Characteristic (TC) by
Sec. 261.24 of this chapter are those EP constituents for which the
debris exhibits the TC toxicity characteristic.
(2) Debris contaminated with listed waste. The contaminants subject
to treatment for debris that is contaminated with a prohibited listed
hazardous waste are those constituents or wastes for which treatment
standards are established for the waste under Sec. 268.40.
(3) Cyanide reactive debris. Hazardous debris that is reactive
because of cyanide must be treated for cyanide.
(c) Conditioned exclusion of treated debris. Hazardous debris that
has been treated using one of the specified extraction or destruction
technologies in Table 1 of this section and that does not exhibit a
characteristic of hazardous waste identified under subpart C, part 261,
of this chapter after treatment is not a hazardous waste and need not be
managed in a subtitle C facility. Hazardous debris contaminated with a
listed waste that is treated by an immobilization technology specified
in Table 1 is a hazardous waste and must be managed in a subtitle C
facility.
(d) Treatment residuals--(1) General requirements. Except as
provided by paragraphs (d)(2) and (d)(4) of this section:
(i) Residue from the treatment of hazardous debris must be separated
from the treated debris using simple physical or mechanical means; and
(ii) Residue from the treatment of hazardous debris is subject to
the waste-specific treatment standards provided by subpart D of this
part for the waste contaminating the debris.
(2) Nontoxic debris. Residue from the deactivation of ignitable,
corrosive, or reactive characteristic hazardous debris (other than
cyanide-reactive) that is not contaminated with a contaminant subject to
treatment defined by paragraph (b) of this section, must be deactivated
prior to land disposal and is not subject to the waste-specific
treatment standards of subpart D of this part.
(3) Cyanide-reactive debris. Residue from the treatment of debris
that is reactive because of cyanide must meet the treatment standards
for D003 in ``Treatment Standards for Hazardous Wastes'' at Sec. 268.40.
[[Page 248]]
(4) Ignitable nonwastewater residue. Ignitable nonwastewaster
residue containing equal to or greater than 10% total organic carbon is
subject to the technology specified in the treatment standard for D001:
Ignitable Liquids.
(5) Residue from spalling. Layers of debris removed by spalling are
hazardous debris that remain subject to the treatment standards of this
section.
Table 1.--Alternative Treatment Standards For Hazardous Debris \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Performance and/or
Technology description design and operating Contaminant
standard restrictions \2\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
A. Extraction Technologies:
1. Physical Extraction
a. Abrasive Blasting: Glass, Metal, All Debris: None.
Removal of contaminated Plastic, Rubber:
debris surface layers Treatment to a
using water and/or air clean debris
pressure to propel a surface.\3\.
solid media (e.g., steel Brick, Cloth,
shot, aluminum oxide Concrete, Paper,
grit, plastic beads). Pavement, Rock,
Wood: Removal of at
least 0.6 cm of the
surface layer;
treatment to a
clean debris
surface.\3\.
b. Scarification, Same as above....... Same as above.
Grinding, and Planing:
Process utilizing
striking piston heads,
saws, or rotating
grinding wheels such that
contaminated debris
surface layers are
removed.
c. Spalling: Drilling or Same as above....... Same as above.
chipping holes at
appropriate locations and
depth in the contaminated
debris surface and
applying a tool which
exerts a force on the
sides of those holes such
that the surface layer is
removed. The surface
layer removed remains
hazardous debris subject
to the debris treatment
standards.
d. Vibratory Finishing: Same as above....... Same as above.
Process utilizing
scrubbing media, flushing
fluid, and oscillating
energy such that
hazardous contaminants or
contaminated debris
surface layers are
removed.\4\
e. High Pressure Steam and Same as above....... Same as above.
Water Sprays: Application
of water or steam sprays
of sufficient
temperature, pressure,
residence time,
agitation, surfactants,
and detergents to remove
hazardous contaminants
from debris surfaces or
to remove contaminated
debris surface layers.
2. Chemical Extraction
a. Water Washing and All Debris: Brick, Cloth,
Spraying: Application of Treatment to a Concrete, Paper,
water sprays or water clean debris Pavement, Rock,
baths of sufficient surface \3\; Wood: Contaminant
temperature, pressure, Brick, Cloth, must be soluble to
residence time, Concrete, Paper, at least 5% by
agitation, surfactants, Pavement, Rock, weight in water
acids, bases, and Wood: Debris must solution or 5% by
detergents to remove be no more than 1.2 weight in emulsion;
hazardous contaminants cm (\1/2\ inch) in if debris is
from debris surfaces and one dimension contaminated with a
surface pores or to (i.e., thickness dioxin-listed
remove contaminated limit,\5\ except waste,\6\ an
debris surface layers. that this thickness ``Equivalent
limit may be waived Technology''
under an approval under Sec.
``Equivalent 268.42(b) must be
Technology'' obtained.\8\
approval under Sec.
268.42(b);\8\
debris surfaces
must be in contact
with water solution
for at least 15
minutes.
b. Liquid Phase Solvent Same as above....... Brick, Cloth,
Extraction: Removal of Concrete, Paper,
hazardous contaminants Pavement, Rock,
from debris surfaces and Wood: Same as
surface pores by applying above, except that
a nonaqueous liquid or contaminant must be
liquid solution which soluble to at least
causes the hazardous 5% by weight in the
contaminants to enter the solvent.
liquid phase and be
flushed away from the
debris along with the
liquid or liquid solution
while using appropriate
agitation, temperature,
and residence time.\4\
[[Page 249]]
c. Vapor Phase Solvent Same as above, Same as above.
Extraction: Application except that brick,
of an organic vapor using cloth, concrete,
sufficient agitation, paper, pavement,
residence time, and rock and wood
temperature to cause surfaces must be in
hazardous contaminants on contact with the
contaminated debris organic vapor for
surfaces and surface at least 60 minutes.
pores to enter the vapor
phase and be flushed away
with the organic
vapor.\4\
3. Thermal Extraction
a. High Temperature Metals For refining Debris contaminated
Recovery: Application of furnaces, treated with a dioxin-
sufficient heat, debris must be listed waste:\5\
residence time, mixing, separated from Obtain an
fluxing agents, and/or treatment residuals ``Equivalent
carbon in a smelting, using simple Technology''
melting, or refining physical or approval under Sec.
furnace to separate mechanical 268.42(b).\8\
metals from debris. means,\9\ and,
prior to further
treatment, such
residuals must meet
the waste-specific
treatment standards
for organic
compounds in the
waste contaminating
the debris.
b. Thermal Desorption: All Debris: Obtain All Debris: Metals
Heating in an enclosed an ``Equivalent other than mercury.
chamber under either Technology''
oxidizing or nonoxidizing approval under Sec.
atmospheres at sufficient 268.42(b);\8\
temperature and residence treated debris must
time to vaporize be separated from
hazardous contaminants treatment residuals
from contaminated using simple
surfaces and surface physical or
pores and to remove the mechanical
contaminants from the means,\9\ and,
heating chamber in a prior to further
gaseous exhaust gas.\7\ treatment, such
residue must meet
the waste-specific
treatment standards
for organic
compounds in the
waste contaminating
the debris.
Brick, Cloth,
Concrete, Paper,
Pavement, Rock,
Wood: Debris must
be no more than 10
cm (4 inches) in
one dimension
(i.e., thickness
limit),\5\ except
that this thickness
limit may be waived
under the
``Equivalent
Technology''
approval.
B. Destruction Technologies:
1. Biological Destruction All Debris: Obtain All Debris: Metal
(Biodegradation): Removal an ``Equivalent contaminants.
of hazardous contaminants Technology''
from debris surfaces and approval under Sec.
surface pores in an 268.42(b);\8\
aqueous solution and treated debris must
biodegration of organic be separated from
or nonmetallic inorganic treatment residuals
compounds (i.e., using simple
inorganics that contain physical or
phosphorus, nitrogen, or mechanical
sulfur) in units operated means,\9\ and,
under either aerobic or prior to further
anaerobic conditions. treatment, such
residue must meet
the waste-specific
treatment standards
for organic
compounds in the
waste contaminating
the debris.
Brick, Cloth,
Concrete, Paper,
Pavement, Rock,
Wood: Debris must
be no more than 1.2
cm (\1/2\ inch) in
one dimension
(i.e., thickness
limit),\5\ except
that this thickness
limit may be waived
under the
``Equivalent
Technology''
approval.
2. Chemical Destruction
a. Chemical Oxidation: All Debris: Obtain All Debris: Metal
Chemical or electolytic an ``Equivalent contaminants.
oxidation utilizing the Technology''
following oxidation approval under Sec.
reagents (or waste 268.42(b);\8\
reagents) or combination treated debris must
of reagents--(1) be separated from
hypochlorite (e.g., treatment residuals
bleach); (2) chlorine; using simple
(3) chlorine dioxide; (4) physical or
ozone or UV (ultraviolet mechanical
light) assisted ozone; means,\9\ and,
(5) peroxides; (6) prior to further
persulfates; (7) treatment, such
perchlorates; (8) perman- residue must meet
ganates; and/or (9) other the waste-specific
oxidizing reagents of treatment standards
equivalent destruction for organic
efficiency.\4\ Chemical compounds in the
oxidation specifically waste contaminating
includes what is referred the debris.
to as alkaline Brick, Cloth,
chlorination. Concrete, Paper,
Pavement, Rock,
Wood: Debris must
be no more than 1.2
cm (\1/2\ inch) in
one dimension
(i.e., thickness
limit),\5\ except
that this thickness
limit may be waived
under the
``Equivalent
Technology''
approval.
[[Page 250]]
b. Chemical Reduction: Same as above....... Same as above.
Chemical reaction
utilizing the following
reducing reagents (or
waste reagents) or
combination of reagents:
(1) sulfur dioxide; (2)
sodium, potassium, or
alkali salts of sulfites,
bisulfites, and
metabisulfites, and
polyethylene glycols
(e.g., NaPEG and KPEG);
(3) sodium hydrosulfide;
(4) ferrous salts; and/or
(5) other reducing
reagents of equivalent
efficiency.\4\
3. Thermal Destruction: Treated debris must Brick, Concrete,
Treatment in an be separated from Glass, Metal,
incinerator operating in treatment residuals Pavement, Rock,
accordance with Subpart O using simple Metal: Metals other
of Parts 264 or 265 of physical or than mercury,
this chapter; a boiler or mechanical except that there
industrial furnace means,\9\ and, are no metal
operating in accordance prior to further restrictions for
with Subpart H of Part treatment, such vitrification.
266 of this chapter, or residue must meet Debris contaminated
other thermal treatment the waste-specific with a dioxin-
unit operated in treatment standards listed waste.\6\
accordance with Subpart for organic Obtain an
X, Part 264 of this compounds in the ``Equivalent
chapter, or Subpart P, waste contaminating Technology''
Part 265 of this chapter, the debris. approval under Sec.
but excluding for 268.42(b),\8\
purposes of these debris except that this
treatment standards requirement does
Thermal Desorption units. not apply to
vitrification.
C. Immobilization
Technologies:
1. Macroencapsulation: Encapsulating None.
Application of surface material must
coating materials such as completely
polymeric organics (e.g., encapsulate debris
resins and plastics) or and be resistant to
use of a jacket of inert degradation by the
inorganic materials to debris and its
substantially reduce contaminants and
surface exposure to materials into
potential leaching media. which it may come
into contact after
placement
(leachate, other
waste, microbes).
2. Microencapsulation: Leachability of the None.
Stabilization of the hazardous
debris with the following contaminants must
reagents (or waste be reduced.
reagents) such that the
leachability of the
hazardous contaminants is
reduced: (1) Portland
cement; or (2) lime/
pozzolans (e.g., fly ash
and cement kiln dust).
Reagents (e.g., iron
salts, silicates, and
clays) may be added to
enhance the set/cure time
and/or compressive
strength, or to reduce
the leachability of the
hazardous
constituents.\5\
3. Sealing: Application of Sealing must avoid None.
an appropriate material exposure of the
which adheres tightly to debris surface to
the debris surface to potential leaching
avoid exposure of the media and sealant
surface to potential must be resistent
leaching media. When to degradation by
necessary to effectively the debris and its
seal the surface, sealing contaminants and
entails pretreatment of materials into
the debris surface to which it may come
remove foreign matter and into contact after
to clean and roughen the placement
surface. Sealing (leachate, other
materials include epoxy, waste, microbes).
silicone, and urethane
compounds, but paint may
not be used as a sealant.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Hazardous debris must be treated by either these standards or the
waste-specific treatment standards for the waste contaminating the
debris. The treatment standards must be met for each type of debris
contained in a mixture of debris types, unless the debris is converted
into treatment residue as a result of the treatment process. Debris
treatment residuals are subject to the waste-specific treatment
standards for the waste contaminating the debris.
\2\ Contaminant restriction means that the technology is not BDAT for
that contaminant. If debris containing a restricted contaminant is
treated by the technology, the contaminant must be subsequently
treated by a technology for which it is not restricted in order to be
land disposed (and excluded from Subtitle C regulation).
\3\ ``Clean debris surface'' means the surface, when viewed without
magnification, shall be free of all visible contaminated soil and
hazardous waste except that residual staining from soil and waste
consisting of light shadows, slight streaks, or minor discolorations,
and soil and waste in cracks, crevices, and pits may be present
provided that such staining and waste and soil in cracks, crevices,
and pits shall be limited to no more than 5% of each square inch of
surface area.
[[Page 251]]
\4\ Acids, solvents, and chemical reagents may react with some debris
and contaminants to form hazardous compounds. For example, acid
washing of cyanide-contaminated debris could result in the formation
of hydrogen cyanide. Some acids may also react violently with some
debris and contaminants, depending on the concentration of the acid
and the type of debris and contaminants. Debris treaters should refer
to the safety precautions specified in Material Safety Data Sheets for
various acids to avoid applying an incompatible acid to a particular
debris/contaminant combination. For example, concentrated sulfuric
acid may react violently with certain organic compounds, such as
acrylonitrile.
\5\ If reducing the particle size of debris to meet the treatment
standards results in material that no longer meets the 60 mm minimum
particle size limit for debris, such material is subject to the waste-
specific treatment standards for the waste contaminating the material,
unless the debris has been cleaned and separated from contaminated
soil and waste prior to size reduction. At a minimum, simple physical
or mechanical means must be used to provide such cleaning and
separation of nondebris materials to ensure that the debris surface is
free of caked soil, waste, or other nondebris material.
\6\ Dioxin-listed wastes are EPA Hazardous Waste numbers FO20, FO21,
FO22, FO23, FO26, and FO27.
\7\ Thermal desorption is distinguished from Thermal Destruction in that
the primary purpose of Thermal Desorption is to volatilize
contaminants and to remove them from the treatment chamber for
subsequent destruction or other treatment.
\8\ The demonstration ``Equivalent Technology'' under Sec. 268.42(b)
must document that the technology treats contaminants subject to
treatment to a level equivalent to that required by the performance
and design and operating standards for other technologies in this
table such that residual levels of hazardous contaminants will not
pose a hazard to human health and the environment absent management
controls.
\9\ Any soil, waste, and other nondebris material that remains on the
debris surface (or remains mixed with the debris) after treatment is
considered a treatment residual that must be separated from the debris
using, at a minimum, simple physical or mechanical means. Examples of
simple physical or mechanical means are vibratory or trommel screening
or water washing. The debris surface need not be cleaned to a ``clean
debris surface'' as defined in note 3 when separating treated debris
from residue; rather, the surface must be free of caked soil, waste,
or other nondebris material. Treatment residuals are subject to the
waste-specific treatment standards for the waste contaminating the
debris.
[57 FR 37277, Aug. 18, 1992, as amended at 59 FR 48103, Sept. 19, 1994;
63 FR 28738, May 26, 1998]
Sec. 268.46 Alternative treatment standards based on HTMR.
For the treatment standards previously found in this section, refer
to Sec. 268.40.
[59 FR 48103, Sept. 19, 1994]
Sec. 268.48 Universal treatment standards.
(a) Table UTS identifies the hazardous constituents, along with the
nonwastewater and wastewater treatment standard levels, that are used to
regulate most prohibited hazardous wastes with numerical limits. For
determining compliance with treatment standards for underlying hazardous
constituents as defined in Sec. 268.2(i), these treatment standards may
not be exceeded. Compliance with these treatment standards is measured
by an analysis of grab samples, unless otherwise noted in the following
Table UTS.
[[Page 252]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.000
[[Page 253]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.001
[[Page 254]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.002
[[Page 255]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.003
[[Page 256]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.004
[[Page 257]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.005
[[Page 258]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.006
[[Page 259]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.007
[[Page 260]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.008
[[Page 261]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.009
[[Page 262]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC17NO91.010
[59 FR 48103, Sept. 19, 1994, as amended by 60 FR 302, Jan. 3, 1995; 61
FR 15654, Apr. 8 1996; 61 FR 33690, June 28, 1996; 62 FR 7596, Feb. 19,
1997; 63 FR 24626, May 4, 1998; 63 FR 28739, May 26, 1998; 63 FR 47417,
Sept. 4, 1998; 64 FR 25417, May 11, 1999; 65 FR 14475, Mar. 17, 2000]
Editorial Note: At 65 FR 14475, Mar. 17, 2000, in Sec. thnsp;268.48,
the table as amended by removing the entry for 2,4,6-Tribromophenol;
however, this is a photographed table and could not be removed.
Sec. 268.49 Alternative LDR treatment standards for contaminated soil.
(a) Applicability. You must comply with LDRs prior to placing soil
that exhibits a characteristic of hazardous waste, or exhibited a
characteristic of hazardous waste at the time it was generated, into a
land disposal unit. The following chart describes whether you must
comply with LDRs prior to placing soil contaminated by listed hazardous
waste into a land disposal unit:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If LDRs And if LDRs And if Then you
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Applied to the listed waste Apply to the .................. Must comply with LDRs
when it contaminated the soil*. listed waste now.
Didn't apply to the listed Apply to the The soil is Must comply with LDRs.
waste when it contaminated the listed waste now. determined to
soil*. contain the
listed waste when
the soil is first
generated.
Didn't apply to the listed Apply to the The soil is Needn't comply with LDRs.
waste when it contaminated the listed waste now. determined not to
soil*. contain the
listed waste when
the soil is first
generated.
[[Page 263]]
Didn't apply to the listed Don't apply to the .................. Needn't comply with LDRs.
waste when it contaminated the listed waste now.
soil*.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* For dates of LDR applicability, see 40 CFR Part 268 Appendix VII. To determine the date any given listed
hazardous waste contaminated any given volume of soil, use the last date any given listed hazardous waste was
placed into any given land disposal unit or, in the case of an accidental spill, the date of the spill.
(b) Prior to land disposal, contaminated soil identified by
paragraph (a) of this section as needing to comply with LDRs must be
treated according to the applicable treatment standards specified in
paragraph (c) of this section or according to the Universal Treatment
Standards specified in 40 CFR 268.48 applicable to the contaminating
listed hazardous waste and/or the applicable characteristic of hazardous
waste if the soil is characteristic. The treatment standards specified
in paragraph (c) of this section and the Universal Treatment Standards
may be modified through a treatment variance approved in accordance with
40 CFR 268.44.
(c) Treatment standards for contaminated soils. Prior to land
disposal, contaminated soil identified by paragraph (a) of this section
as needing to comply with LDRs must be treated according to all the
standards specified in this paragraph or according to the Universal
Treatment Standards specified in 40 CFR 268.48.
(1) All soils. Prior to land disposal, all constituents subject to
treatment must be treated as follows:
(A) For non-metals except carbon disulfide, cyclohexanone, and
methanol, treatment must achieve 90 percent reduction in total
constituent concentrations, except as provided by paragraph (c)(1)(C) of
this section.
(B) For metals and carbon disulfide, cyclohexanone, and methanol,
treatment must achieve 90 percent reduction in constituent
concentrations as measured in leachate from the treated media (tested
according to the TCLP) or 90 percent reduction in total constituent
concentrations (when a metal removal treatment technology is used),
except as provided by paragraph (c)(1)(C)of this section.
(C) When treatment of any constituent subject to treatment to a 90
percent reduction standard would result in a concentration less than 10
times the Universal Treatment Standard for that constituent, treatment
to achieve constituent concentrations less than 10 times the universal
treatment standard is not required. Universal Treatment Standards are
identified in 40 CFR 268.48 Table UTS.
(2) Soils that exhibit the characteristic of ignitability,
corrosivity or reactivity. In addition to the treatment required by
paragraph (c)(1) of this section, prior to land disposal, soils that
exhibit the characteristic of ignitability, corrosivity, or reactivity
must be treated to eliminate these characteristics.
(3) Soils that contain nonanalyzable constituents. In addition to
the treatment requirements of paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section,
prior to land disposal, the following treatment is required for soils
that contain nonanalyzable constituents:
(A) For soil that contains only analyzable and nonanalyzable organic
constituents, treatment of the analyzable organic constituents to the
levels specified in paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section; or,
(B) For soil that contains only nonanalyzable constituents,
treatment by the method(s) specified in Sec. 268.42 for the waste
contained in the soil.
(d) Constituents subject to treatment. When applying the soil
treatment standards in paragraph (c) of this section, constituents
subject to treatment are any constituents listed in 40 CFR 268.48, Table
UTS--Universal Treatment Standards that are reasonably expected to be
present in any given volume of contaminated soil, except fluoride,
selenium, sulfides, vanadium and zinc, and are present at concentrations
greater than ten times the universal treatment standard.
(e) Management of treatment residuals. Treatment residuals from
treating contaminated soil identified by paragraph (a) of this section
as needing to comply with LDRs must be managed as follows:
[[Page 264]]
(1) Soil residuals are subject to the treatment standards of this
section;
(2) Non-soil residuals are subject to:
(A) For soils contaminated by listed hazardous waste, the RCRA
Subtitle C standards applicable to the listed hazardous waste; and
(B) For soils that exhibit a characteristic of hazardous waste, if
the non-soil residual also exhibits a characteristic of hazardous waste,
the treatment standards applicable to the characteristic hazardous
waste.
[63 FR 28751, May 26, 1998, as amended at 64 FR 25417, May 11, 1999; 64
FR 56472, Oct. 20, 1999]
Subpart E--Prohibitions on Storage
Sec. 268.50 Prohibitions on storage of restricted wastes.
(a) Except as provided in this section, the storage of hazardous
wastes restricted from land disposal under subpart C of this part of
RCRA section 3004 is prohibited, unless the following conditions are
met:
(1) A generator stores such wastes in tanks, containers, or
containment buildings on-site solely for the purpose of the accumulation
of such quantities of hazardous waste as necessary to facilitate proper
recovery, treatment, or disposal and the generator complies with the
requirements in Sec. 262.34 and parts 264 and 265 of this chapter.
(2) An owner/operator of a hazardous waste treatment, storage, or
disposal facility stores such wastes in tanks, containers, or
containment buildings solely for the purpose of the accumulation of such
quantities of hazardous waste as necessary to facilitate proper
recovery, treatment, or disposal and:
(i) Each container is clearly marked to identify its contents and
the date each period of accumulation begins;
(ii) Each tank is clearly marked with a description of its contents,
the quantity of each hazardous waste received, and the date each period
of accumulation begins, or such information for each tank is recorded
and maintained in the operating record at that facility. Regardless of
whether the tank itself is marked, an owner/operator must comply with
the operating record requirements specified in Sec. 264.73 or
Sec. 265.73.
(3) A transporter stores manifested shipments of such wastes at a
transfer facility for 10 days or less.
(b) An owner/operator of a treatment, storage or disposal facility
may store such wastes for up to one year unless the Agency can
demonstrate that such storage was not solely for the purpose of
accumulation of such quantities of hazardous waste as are necessary to
facilitate proper recovery, treatment, or disposal.
(c) A owner/operator of a treatment, storage or disposal facility
may store such wastes beyond one year; however, the owner/operator bears
the burden of proving that such storage was solely for the purpose of
accumulation of such quantities of hazardous waste as are necessary to
facilitate proper recovery, treatment, or disposal.
(d) If a generator's waste is exempt from a prohibition on the type
of land disposal utilized for the waste (for example, because of an
approved case-by-case extension under Sec. 268.5, an approved Sec. 268.6
petition, or a national capacity variance under subpart C), the
prohibition in paragraph (a) of this section does not apply during the
period of such exemption.
(e) The prohibition in paragraph (a) of this section does not apply
to hazardous wastes that meet the treatment standards specified under
Secs. 268.41, 268.42, and 268.43 or the treatment standards specified
under the variance in Sec. 268.44, or, where treatment standards have
not been specified, is in compliance with the applicable prohibitions
specified in Sec. 268.32 or RCRA section 3004.
(f) Liquid hazardous wastes containing polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs) at concentrations greater than or equal to 50 ppm must be stored
at a facility that meets the requirements of 40 CFR 761.65(b) and must
be removed from storage and treated or disposed as required by this part
within one year of the date when such wastes are first placed into
storage. The provisions of paragraph (c) of this section do not apply to
such PCB wastes prohibited under Sec. 268.32 of this part.
(g) The prohibition and requirements in this do not apply to
hazardous remediation wastes stored in a staging pile
[[Page 265]]
approved pursuant to Sec. 264.554 of this chapter.
[51 FR 40642, Nov. 7, 1986; 52 FR 21017, June 4, 1987, as amended at 52
FR 25791, July 8, 1987; 54 FR 36972, Sept. 6, 1989; 57 FR 37281, Aug.
18, 1992; 63 FR 65940, Nov. 30, 1998]
Appendix I-III to Part 268 [Reserved]
Appendix IV to Part 268--Wastes Excluded From Lab Packs Under the
Alternative Treatment Standards of Sec. 268.42(c)
Hazardous waste with the following EPA Hazardous Waste Codes may not
be placed in lab packs under the alternative lab pack treatment
standards of Sec. 268.42(c): D009, F019, K003, K004, K005, K006, K062,
K071, K100, K106, P010, P011, P012, P076, P078, U134, U151.
[59 FR 48107 Sept. 19, 1994]
Appendix V to Part 268 [Reserved]
Appendix VI to Part 268--Recommended Technologies to Achieve
Deactivation of Characteristics in Section 268.42
The treatment standard for many characteristic wastes is stated in
the Sec. 268.40 Table of Treatment Standards as ``Deactivation and meet
UTS.'' EPA has determined that many technologies, when used alone or in
combination, can achieve the deactivation portion of the treatment
standard. Characteristic wastes that are not managed in a facility
regulated by the Clean Water Act (CWA) or in a CWA-equivalent facility,
and that also contain underlying hazardous constituents (see
Sec. 268.2(i)) must be treated not only by a ``deactivating'' technology
to remove the characteristic, but also to achieve the universal
treatment standards (UTS) for underlying hazardous constituents. The
following appendix presents a partial list of technologies, utilizing
the five letter technology codes established in 40 CFR 268.42 Table 1,
that may be useful in meeting the treatment standard. Use of these
specific technologies is not mandatory and does not preclude direct
reuse, recovery, and/or the use of other pretreatment technologies,
provided deactivation is achieved and underlying hazardous constituents
are treated to achieve the UTS.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Waste code/subcategory Nonwastewaters Wastewaters
------------------------------------------------------------------------
D001 Ignitable Liquids based on RORGS................... n.a.
261.21(a)(1)--Low TOC INCIN...................
Nonwastewater Subcategory WETOX...................
(containing 1% to <10% TOC). CHOXD...................
BIODG...................
D001 Ignitable Liquids based on n.a..................... RORGS
261.21(a)(1)--Ignitable INCIN
Wastewater Subcategory WETOX
(containing <1% TOC). CHOXD
BIODG
D001 Compressed Gases based on RCGAS................... n.a.
261.21(A)(3). INCIN...................
FSUBS...................
ADGAS fb. INCIN.........
ADGAS fb. (CHOXD; or
CHRED).
D001 Ignitable Reactives based WTRRX................... n.a.
on 261.21(a)(2). CHOXD...................
CHRED...................
STABL...................
INCIN...................
D001 Ignitable Oxidizers based CHRED................... CHRED
on 261.21(a)(4). INCIN................... INCIN
D002 Acid Subcategory based on RCORR................... NEUTR
261.22(a)(1) with pH less than NEUTR................... INCIN
or equal to 2. INCIN...................
D002 Alkaline Subcategory based NEUTR................... NEUTR
on 261.22(a)(1) with pH greater INCIN................... INCIN
than or equal to 12.5.
D002 Other Corrosives based on CHOXD................... CHOXD
261.22(a)(2). CHRED................... CHRED
INCIN................... INCIN
STABL...................
D003 Water Reactives based on INCIN................... n.a.
261.23(a) (2), (3), and (4). WTRRX...................
CHOXD...................
CHRED...................
[[Page 266]]
D003 Reactive Sulfides based on CHOXD................... CHOXD
261.23(a)(5). CHRED................... CHRED
INCIN................... BIODG
STABL................... INCIN
D003 Explosives based on INCIN................... INCIN
261.23(a) (6), (7), and (8). CHOXD................... CHOXD
CHRED................... CHRED
BIODG
CARBN
D003 Other Reactives based on INCIN................... INCIN
261.23(a)(1). CHOXD................... CHOXD
CHRED................... CHRED
BIODG
CARBN
K044 Wastewater treatment CHOXD................... CHOXD
sludges from the manufacturing CHRED................... CHRED
and processing of explosives. INCIN................... BIODG
CARBN
INCIN
K045 Spent carbon from the CHOXD................... CHOXD
treatment of wastewaters CHRED................... CHRED
containing explosives. INCIN................... BIODG
CARBN
INCIN
K047 Pink/red water from TNT CHOXD................... CHOXD
operations. CHRED................... CHRED
INCIN................... BIODG
CARBN
INCIN
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: ``n.a.'' stands for ``not applicable''; ``fb.'' stands for
``followed by''.
[55 FR 22714, June 1, 1990, as amended at 62 FR 26025, May 12, 1997]
Appendix VII to Part 268--LDR Effective Dates of Surface
Disposed Prohibited Hazardous Wastes
Table 1.--Effective Dates of Surface Disposed Wastes (Non-Soil and Debris) Regulated in the LDRS a--
Comprehensive List
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Waste code Waste category Effective date
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
D001 c................................ All (except High TOC Ignitable Liquids). Aug. 9, 1993.
D001.................................. High TOC Ignitable Liquids.............. Aug. 8, 1990.
D002 c................................ All..................................... Aug. 9, 1993.
D003.................................. Newly identified surface-disposed May 26, 2000.
elemental phosphorus processing wastes.
D004.................................. Newly identified D004 and mineral Aug. 24, 1998.
processing wastes.
D004.................................. Mixed radioactive/newly identified D004 May 26, 2000
or mineral processing wastes.
D005.................................. Newly identified D005 and mineral Aug. 24, 1998.
processing wastes.
D005.................................. Mixed radioactive/newly identified D005 May 26, 2000.
or mineral processing wastes.
D006.................................. Newly identified D006 and mineral Aug. 24, 1998.
processing wastes.
D006.................................. Mixed radioactive/newly identified D006 May 26, 2000.
or mineral processing wastes.
D007.................................. Newly identified D007 and mineral Aug. 24, 1998.
processing wastes.
D007.................................. Mixed radioactive/newly identified D007 May 26, 2000.
or mineral processing wastes.
D008.................................. Newly identified D008 and mineral Aug. 24, 1998.
processing waste.
D008.................................. Mixed radioactive/newly identified D008 May 26, 2000.
or mineral processing wastes.
D009.................................. Newly identified D009 and mineral Aug. 24, 1998.
processing waste.
D009.................................. Mixed radioactive/newly identified D009 May 26, 2000.
or mineral processing wastes.
D010.................................. Newly identified D010 and mineral Aug. 24, 1998.
processing wastes.
D010.................................. Mixed radioactive/newly identified D010 May 26, 2000.
or mineral processing wastes.
D011.................................. Newly identified D011 and mineral Aug. 24, 1998.
processing wastes.
D011.................................. Mixed radioactive/newly identified D011 May 26, 2000.
or mineral processing wastes.
[[Page 267]]
D012 (that exhibit the toxicity All..................................... Dec. 14, 1994.
characteristic based on the TCLP) d.
D013 (that exhibit the toxicity All..................................... Dec. 14, 1994.
characteristic based on the TCLP) d.
D014 (that exhibit the toxicity All..................................... Dec. 14, 1994.
characteristic based on the TCLP) d.
D015 (that exhibit the toxicity All..................................... Dec. 14, 1994.
characteristic based on the TCLP) d.
D016 (that exhibit the toxicity All..................................... Dec. 14, 1994.
characteristic based on the TCLP) d.
D017 (that exhibit the toxicity All..................................... Dec. 14, 1994.
characteristic based on the TCLP) d.
D018.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D018.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D019.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D019.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D020.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D020.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D021.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D021.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D022.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D022.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D023.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D023.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D024.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D024.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D025.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D025.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D026.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D026.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D027.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D027.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D028.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D028.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D029.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D029.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D030.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19. 1996.
D030.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D031.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D031.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D032.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D032.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D033.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D033.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D034.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D034.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D035.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D035.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D036.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D036.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D037.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D037.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D038.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D038.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D039.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D039.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D040.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D040.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D041.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D041.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D042.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D042.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
D043.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sept. 19, 1996.
D043.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
F001.................................. Small quantity generators, CERCLA Nov. 8, 1988.
response/RCRA corrective action,
initial generator's solvent-water
mixtures, solvent-containing sludges
and solids.
F001.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 8, 1986.
F002 (1,1,2-trichloroethane).......... Wastewater and Nonwastewater............ Aug. 8, 1990.
F002.................................. Small quantity generators, CERCLA Nov. 8, 1988.
response/RCRA corrective action,
initial generator's solvent-water
mixtures, solvent-containing sludges
and solids.
[[Page 268]]
F002.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 8, 1986.
F003.................................. Small quantity generators, CERCLA Nov. 8, 1988.
response/RCRA corrective action,
initial generator's solvent-water
mixtures, solvent-containing sludges
and solids.
F003.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 8, 1986.
F004.................................. Small quantity generators, CERCLA Nov. 8, 1988.
response/RCRA corrective action,
initial generator's solvent-water
mixtures, solvent-containing sludges
and solids.
F004.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 8, 1986.
F005 (benzene, 2-ethoxy ethanol, 2- Wastewater and Nonwastewater............ Aug. 8, 1990.
nitropropane).
F005.................................. Small quantity generators, CERCLA Nov. 8, 1988.
response/RCRA corrective action,
initial generator's solvent-water
mixtures, solvent-containing sludges
and solids.
F005.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 8, 1986.
F006.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
F006.................................. Nonwastewater........................... Aug. 8, 1988.
F006 (cyanides)....................... Nonwastewater........................... July 8, 1989.
F007.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1989.
F008.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1989.
F009.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1989.
F010.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
F011 (cyanides)....................... Nonwastewater........................... Dec. 8, 1989.
F011.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1989.
F012 (cyanides)....................... Nonwastewater........................... Dec. 8, 1989.
F012.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1989.
F019.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
F020.................................. All..................................... Nov. 8, 1988.
F021.................................. All..................................... Nov. 8, 1988.
F025.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
F026.................................. All..................................... Nov. 8, 1988.
F027.................................. All..................................... Nov. 8, 1988.
F028.................................. All..................................... Nov. 8, 1988.
F032.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... May 12, 1999
F032.................................. All others.............................. Aug. 12, 1997.
F034.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... May 12, 1999
F034.................................. All others.............................. Aug. 12, 1997.
F035.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... May 12, 1999.
F035.................................. All others.............................. Aug. 12, 1997.
F037.................................. Not generated from surface impoundment June 30, 1993.
cleanouts or closures.
F037.................................. Generated from surface impoundment June 30, 1994.
cleanouts or closures.
F037.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
F038.................................. Not generated from surface impoundment June 30, 1993.
cleanouts or closures.
F038.................................. Generated from surface impoundment June 30, 1994.
cleanouts or closures.
F038.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
F039.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
F039.................................. Nonwastewater........................... May 8, 1992.
K001 (organics) b..................... All..................................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K001.................................. All others.............................. Aug. 8, 1988.
K002.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K003.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K004.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K004.................................. Nonwastewater........................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K005.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K005.................................. Nonwastewater........................... June 8, 1989.
K006.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K007.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K007.................................. Nonwastewater........................... June 8, 1989.
K008.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K008.................................. Nonwastewater........................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K009.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
K010.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
K011.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K011.................................. Nonwastewater........................... June 8, 1989.
K013.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K013.................................. Nonwastewater........................... June 8, 1989.
K014.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K014.................................. Nonwastewater........................... June 8, 1989.
K015.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1988.
[[Page 269]]
K015.................................. Nonwastewater........................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K016.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K017.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K018.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K019.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K020.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K021.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K021.................................. Nonwastewater........................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K022.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K022.................................. Nonwastewater........................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K023.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
K024.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K025.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K025.................................. Nonwastewater........................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K026.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K027.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
K028 (metals)......................... Nonwastewater........................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K028.................................. All others.............................. June 8, 1989.
K029.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K029.................................. Nonwastewater........................... June 8, 1989.
K030.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K031.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K031.................................. Nonwastewater........................... May 8, 1992.
K032.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K033.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K034.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K035.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K036.................................. Wastewater.............................. June 8, 1989.
K036.................................. Nonwastewater........................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K037 b................................ Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1988.
K037.................................. Nonwastewater........................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K038.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
K039.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
K040.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
K041.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K042.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K043.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
K044.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K045.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K046 (Nonreactive).................... Nonwastewater........................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K046.................................. All others.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K047.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K048.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K048.................................. Nonwastewater........................... Nov. 8, 1990.
K049.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K049.................................. Nonwastewater........................... Nov. 8, 1990.
K050.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K050.................................. Nonwastewater........................... Nov. 8, 1990.
K051.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K051.................................. Nonwastewater........................... Nov. 8, 1990.
K052.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K052.................................. Nonwastewater........................... Nov. 8, 1990.
K060.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K060.................................. Nonwastewater........................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K061.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K061.................................. Nonwastewater........................... June 30, 1992.
K062.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K069 (Non-Calcium Sulfate)............ Nonwastewater........................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K069.................................. All others.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K071.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K073.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K083.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K084.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K084.................................. Nonwastewater........................... May 8, 1992.
K085.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K086 (organics) b..................... All..................................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K086.................................. All others.............................. Aug. 8, 1988.
K087.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K088.................................. All others.............................. Oct. 8, 1997.
K088.................................. All others.............................. Jan. 8, 1997.
K093.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
[[Page 270]]
K094.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
K095.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K095.................................. Nonwastewater........................... June 8, 1989.
K096.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K096.................................. Nonwastewater........................... June 8, 1989.
K097.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K098.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K099.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K100.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K100.................................. Nonwastewater........................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K101 (organics)....................... Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1988.
K101 (metals)......................... Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K101 (organics)....................... Nonwastewater........................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K101 (metals)......................... Nonwastewater........................... May 8, 1992.
K102 (organics)....................... Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1988.
K102 (metals)......................... Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K102 (organics)....................... Nonwastewater........................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K102 (metals)......................... Nonwastewater........................... May 8, 1992.
K103.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K104.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1988.
K105.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K106.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
K106.................................. Nonwastewater........................... May 8, 1992.
K107.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
K107.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 9, 1992.
K108.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
K108.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 9, 1992.
K109.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
K109.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 9, 1992.
K110.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
K110.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 9, 1992.
K111.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
K111.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 9, 1992.
K112.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
K112.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 9, 1992.
K113.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
K114.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
K115.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
K116.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
K117.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
K117.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 9, 1992.
K118.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
K118.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 9, 1992.
K123.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
K123.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 9, 1992.
K124.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
K124.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 9, 1992.
K125.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
K125.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 9, 1992.
K126.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
K126.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 9, 1992.
K131.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
K131.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 9, 1992.
K132.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
K132.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 9, 1992.
K136.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
K136.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 9, 1992.
K141.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sep. 19, 1996.
K141.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
K142.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sep. 19, 1996..
K142.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
K143.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sep. 19, 1996.
K143.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
K144.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sep. 19, 1996.
K144.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
K145.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sep. 19, 1996.
K145.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
K147.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sep. 19, 1996.
K147.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
K148.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sep. 19, 1996.
K148.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
[[Page 271]]
K149.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sep. 19, 1996.
K149.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
K150.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sep. 19, 1996.
K150.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
K151.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Sep. 19, 1996.
K151.................................. All others.............................. Dec. 19, 1994.
K156.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
K156.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
K157.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
K157.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
K158.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
K158.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
K159.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
K159.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
K160.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
K160.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
K161.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
K161.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
P001.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P002.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P003.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P004.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P005.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P006.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P007.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P008.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P009.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P010.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
P010.................................. Nonwastewater........................... May 8, 1992.
P011.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
P011.................................. Nonwastewater........................... May 8, 1992.
P012.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
P012.................................. Nonwastewater........................... May 8, 1992.
P013 (barium)......................... Nonwastewater........................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P013.................................. All others.............................. June 8, 1989.
P014.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P015.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P016.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P017.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P018.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P020.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P021.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P022.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P023.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P024.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P026.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P027.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P028.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P029.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P030.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P031.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P033.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P034.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P036.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
P036.................................. Nonwastewater........................... May 8, 1992.
P037.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P038.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
P038.................................. Nonwastewater........................... May 8, 1992.
P039.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P040.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P041.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P042.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P043.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P044.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P045.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P046.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P047.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P048.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P049.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P050.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P051.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
[[Page 272]]
P054.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P056.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P057.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P058.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P059.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P060.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P062.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P063.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P064.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P065.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
P065.................................. Nonwastewater........................... May 8, 1992.
P066.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P067.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P068.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P069.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P070.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P071.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P072.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P073.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P074.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P075.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P076.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P077.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P078.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P081.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P082.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P084.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P085.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P087.................................. All..................................... May 8, 1992.
P088.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P089.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P092.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
P092.................................. Nonwastewater........................... May 8, 1992.
P093.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P094.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P095.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P096.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P097.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P098.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P099 (silver)......................... Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
P099.................................. All others.............................. June 8, 1989.
P101.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P102.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P103.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P104 (silver)......................... Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
P104.................................. All others.............................. June 8, 1989.
P105.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P106.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P108.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P109.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P110.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P111.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P112.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P113.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P114.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P115.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P116.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P118.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P119.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P120.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P121.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
P122.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P123.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
P127.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
P127.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
P128.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
P128.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
P185.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
P185.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
P188.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
P188.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
[[Page 273]]
P189.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
P189.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
P190.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
P190.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
P191.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
P191.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
P192.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
P192.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
P194.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
P194.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
P196.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
P196.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
P197.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
P197.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
P198.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
P198.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
P199.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
P199.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
P201.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
P201.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
P202.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
P202.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
P203.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
P203.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
P204.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
P204.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
P205.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
P205.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U001.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U002.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U003.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U004.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U005.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U006.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U007.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U008.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U009.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U010.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U011.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U012.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U014.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U015.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U016.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U017.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U018.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U019.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U020.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U021.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U022.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U023.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U024.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U025.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U026.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U027.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U028.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
U029.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U030.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U031.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U032.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U033.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U034.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U035.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U036.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U037.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U038.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U039.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U041.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U042.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U043.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U044.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U045.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
[[Page 274]]
U046.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U047.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U049.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U050.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U051.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U052.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U053.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U055.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U056.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U057.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U058.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
U059.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U060.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U061.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U062.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U063.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U064.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U066.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U067.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U068.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U069.................................. All..................................... June 30, 1992.
U070.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U071.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U072.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U073.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U074.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U075.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U076.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U077.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U078.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U079.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U080.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U081.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U082.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U083.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U084.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U085.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U086.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U087.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
U088.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
U089.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U090.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U091.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U092.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U093.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U094.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U095.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U096.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U097.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U098.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U099.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U101.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U102.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
U103.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U105.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U106.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U107.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
U108.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U109.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U110.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U111.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U112.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U113.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U114.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U115.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U116.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U117.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U118.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U119.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U120.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U121.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
[[Page 275]]
U122.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U123.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U124.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U125.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U126.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U127.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U128.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U129.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U130.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U131.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U132.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U133.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U134.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U135.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U136.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
U136.................................. Nonwastewater........................... May 8, 1992.
U137.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U138.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U140.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U141.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U142.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U143.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U144.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U145.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U146.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U147.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U148.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U149.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U150.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U151.................................. Wastewater.............................. Aug. 8, 1990.
U151.................................. Nonwastewater........................... May 8, 1992.
U152.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U153.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U154.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U155.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U156.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U157.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U158.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U159.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U160.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U161.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U162.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U163.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U164.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U165.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U166.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U167.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U168.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U169.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U170.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U171.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U172.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U173.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U174.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U176.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U177.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U178.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U179.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U180.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U181.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U182.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U183.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U184.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U185.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U186.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U187.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U188.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U189.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U190.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
U191.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U192.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
[[Page 276]]
U193.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U194.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
U196.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U197.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U200.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U201.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U202.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U203.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U204.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U205.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U206.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U207.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U208.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U209.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U210.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U211.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U213.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U214.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U215.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U216.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U217.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U218.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U219.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U220.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U221.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
U222.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U223.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
U225.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U226.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U227.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U228.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U234.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U235.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1989.
U236.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U237.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U238.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U239.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U240.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U243.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U244.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U246.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U247.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U248.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U249.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
U271.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U271.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U277.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U277.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U278.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U278.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U279.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U279.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U280.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U280.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U328.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
U328.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 9, 1992.
U353.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
U353.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 9, 1992.
U359.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... June 30, 1994.
U359.................................. All others.............................. Nov. 9, 1992.
U364.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U364.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U365.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U365.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U366.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U366.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U367.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U367.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U372.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U372.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U373.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
[[Page 277]]
U373.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U375.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U375.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U376.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U376.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U377.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U377.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U378.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U378.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U379.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U379.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U381.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U381.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U382.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U382.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U383.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U383.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U384.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U384.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U385.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U385.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U386.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U386.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U387.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U387.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U389.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U389.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U390.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U390.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U391.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U391.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U392.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U392.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U393.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U393.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U394.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U394.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U395.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U395.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U396.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U396.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U400.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U400.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U401.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U401.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U402.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U402.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U403.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U403.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U404.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U404.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U407.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U407.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U409.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U409.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U410.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U410.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
U411.................................. Mixed with radioactive wastes........... Apr. 8, 1998.
U411.................................. All others.............................. July 8, 1996.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
a This table does not include mixed radioactive wastes (from the First, Second, and Third Third rules) which
received national capacity variance until May 8, 1992. This table also does not include contaminated soil and
debris wastes.
b The standard was revised in the Third Third Final Rule (55 FR 22520, June 1, 1990).
c The standard was revised in the Third Third Emergency Rule (58 FR 29860, May 24, 1993); the original effective
date was August 8, 1990.
d The standard was revised in the Phase II Final Rule (59 FR 47982, Sept. 19, 1994); the original effective date
was August 8, 1990.
e The standards for selected reactive wastes was revised in the Phase III Final Rule (61 FR 15566, Apr. 8,
1996); the original effective date was August 8, 1990.
[[Page 278]]
Table 2--Summary of Effective Dates of Land Disposal Restrictions for
Contaminated Soil and Debris (CSD)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Restricted hazardous waste in CSD Effective date
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Solvent-(F001-F005) and dioxin-(F020-F023 Nov. 8, 1990.
and F026-F028) containing soil and debris
from CERCLA response or RCRA corrective
actions.
2. Soil and debris not from CERCLA response Nov. 8, 1988.
or RCRA corrective actions contaminated with
less than 1% total solvents (F001-F005) or
dioxins (F020-F023 and F026-F028).
3 All soil and debris contaminated with First Aug. 8, 1990.
Third wastes for which treatment standards
are based on incineration.
4. All soil and debris contaminated with June 8, 1991.
Second Third wastes for which treatment
standards are based on incineration.
5. All soil and debris contaminated with May 8, 1992.
Third Third wastes or, First or Second Third
``soft hammer'' wastes which had treatment
standards promulgated in the Third Third
rule, for which treatment standards are
based on incineration, vitrification, or
mercury retorting, acid leaching followed by
chemical precipitation, or thermal recovery
of metals; as well as all inorganic solids
debris contaminated with D004-D011 wastes,
and all soil and debris contaminated with
mixed RCRA/radioactive wastes.
6. Soil and debris contaminated with D012- Dec. 19, 1994.
D043, K141-K145, and K147-151 wastes.
7. Debris (only) contaminated with F037, Dec. 19, 1994
F038, K107-K112, K117, K118, K123-K126,
K131, K132, K136, U328, U353, U359.
8. Soil and debris contaminated with K156- July 8, 1996.
K161, P127, P128, P188-P192, P194, P196-
P199, P201-P205, U271, U277-U280, U364-U367,
U372, U373, U375-U379, U381-U387, U389-U396,
U400-U404, U407, and U409-U411 wastes.
9. Soil and debris contaminated with K088 Oct. 8, 1997.
wastes.
10. Soil and debris contaminated with April 8, 1998.
radioactive wastes mixed with K088, K156-
K161, P127, P128, P188-P192, P194, P196-
P199, P201-P205, U271, U277-U280, U364-U367,
U372, U373, U375-U379, U381-U387, U389-U396,
U400-U404, U407, and U409-U411 wastes.
11. Soil and debris contaminated with F032, May 12, 1997.
F034, and F035.
12. Soil and debris contaminated with newly Aug. 24, 1998.
identified D004-D011 toxicity characteristic
wastes and mineral processing wastes..
13. Soil and debris contaminated with mixed May 26, 2000.
radioactive newly identified D004-D011
characteristic wastes and mineral processing
wastes..
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: Appendix VII is provided for the convenience of the reader.
[62 FR 26025, May 12, 1997, as amended at 63 FR 28751, May 26, 1998; 65
FR 36367, June 8, 2000]
Appendix VIII to Part 268--LDR Effective Dates of Injected
Prohibited Hazardous Wastes
National Capacity LDR Variances for UIC Wastes a
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Waste code Waste category Effective date
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
F001-F005............................. All spent F001-F005 solvent containing Aug. 8, 1990.
less than 1 percent total F001-F005
solvent constituents.
D001 (except High TOC Ignitable All..................................... Feb. 10, 1994.
Liquids Subcategory)c.
D001 (High TOC Ignitable Nonwastewater........................... Sept. 19, 1995.
Characteristic Liquids Subcategory).
D002b................................. All..................................... May 8, 1992.
D002c................................. All..................................... Feb. 10, 1994.
D003 (cyanides)....................... All..................................... May 8, 1992.
D003 (sulfides)....................... All..................................... May 8, 1992.
D003 (explosives, reactives).......... All..................................... May 8, 1992.
D007.................................. All..................................... May 8, 1992.
D009.................................. Nonwastewater........................... May 8, 1992.
D012.................................. All..................................... Sept. 19, 1995.
D013.................................. All..................................... Sept. 19, 1995.
D014.................................. All..................................... Sept. 19, 1995.
D015.................................. All..................................... Sept. 19, 1995.
D016.................................. All..................................... Sept. 19, 1995.
D017.................................. All..................................... Sept. 19, 1995.
D018.................................. All, including mixed with radioactive Apr. 8, 1998.
wastes.
D019.................................. All, including mixed with radioactive Apr. 8, 1998.
wastes.
D020.................................. All, including mixed with radioactive Apr. 8, 1998.
wastes.
D021.................................. All, including mixed with radioactive Apr. 8, 1998.
wastes.
D022.................................. All, including mixed with radioactive Apr. 8, 1998.
wastes.
D023.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
D024.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
D025.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
D026.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
D027.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
[[Page 279]]
D028.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
D029.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
D030.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
D031.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
D032.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
D033.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
D034.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
D035.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
D036.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
D037.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
D038.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
D039.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
D040.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
D041.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
D042.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
D043.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. Apr. 8, 1998.
F007.................................. All..................................... June 8, 1991.
F032.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. May 12, 1999.
F034.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. May 12,1999.
F035.................................. All, including mixed radioactive wastes. May 12, 1999.
F037.................................. All..................................... Nov. 8, 1992.
F038.................................. All..................................... Nov. 8, 1992.
F039.................................. Wastewater.............................. May 8, 1992.
K009.................................. Wastewater.............................. June 8, 1991.
K011.................................. Nonwastewater........................... June 8, 1991.
K011.................................. Wastewater.............................. May 8, 1992.
K011.................................. Nonwastewater........................... June 8, 1991.
K011.................................. Wastewater.............................. May 8, 1992.
K013.................................. Nonwastewater........................... June 8, 1991.
K013.................................. Wastewater.............................. May 8, 1992.
K014.................................. All..................................... May 8, 1992.
K016 (dilute)......................... All..................................... June 8, 1991.
K049.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K050.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K051.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K052.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K062.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K071.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K088.................................. All..................................... Jan. 8, 1997.
K104.................................. All..................................... Aug. 8, 1990.
K107.................................. All..................................... Nov. 8, 1992.
K108.................................. All..................................... Nov. 9, 1992.
K109.................................. All..................................... Nov. 9, 1992.
K110.................................. All..................................... Nov. 9, 1992.
K111.................................. All..................................... Nov. 9, 1992.
K112.................................. All..................................... Nov. 9, 1992.
K117.................................. All..................................... June 30, 1995.
K118.................................. All..................................... June 30, 1995.
K123.................................. All..................................... Nov. 9, 1992.
K124.................................. All..................................... Nov. 9, 1992.
K125.................................. All..................................... Nov. 9, 1992.
K126.................................. All..................................... Nov. 9, 1992.
K131.................................. All..................................... June 30, 1995.
K132.................................. All..................................... June 30, 1995.
K136.................................. All..................................... Nov. 9, 1992.
K141.................................. All..................................... Dec. 19, 1994.
K142.................................. All..................................... Dec. 19, 1994.
K143.................................. All..................................... Dec. 19, 1994.
K144.................................. All..................................... Dec. 19, 1994.
K145.................................. All..................................... Dec. 19, 1994.
K147.................................. All..................................... Dec. 19, 1994.
K148.................................. All..................................... Dec. 19, 1994.
K149.................................. All..................................... Dec. 19, 1994.
K150.................................. All..................................... Dec. 19, 1994.
K151.................................. All..................................... Dec. 19, 1994.
K156.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
K157.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
K158.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
K159.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
K160.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
K161.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
[[Page 280]]
NA.................................... Newly identified mineral processing May 26, 2000.
wastes from titanium dioxide production
and mixed radioactive/newly identified
D004-D011 characteristic wastes and
mineral processing wastes..
P127.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
P128.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
P185.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
P188.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
P189.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
P190.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
P191.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
P192.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
P194.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
P196.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
P197.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
P198.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
P199.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
P201.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
P202.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
P203.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
P204.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
P205.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U271.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U277.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U278.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U279.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U280.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U328.................................. All..................................... Nov. 9, 1992.
U353.................................. All..................................... Nov. 9, 1992.
U359.................................. All..................................... Nov. 9, 1992.
U364.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U365.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U366.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U367.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U372.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U373.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U375.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U376.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U377.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U378.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U379.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U381.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U382.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U383.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U384.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U385.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U386.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U387.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U389.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U390.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U391.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U392.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U395.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U396.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U400.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U401.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U402.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U403.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U404.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U407.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U409.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U410.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
U411.................................. All..................................... July 8, 1996.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
a Wastes that are deep well disposed on-site receive a six-month variance, with restrictions effective in
November 1990.
b Deepwell injected D002 liquids with a pH less than 2 must meet the California List treatment standards on
August 8, 1990.
c Managed in systems defined in 40 CFR 144.6(e) and 14.6(e) as Class V injection wells, that do not engage in
CWA-equivalent treatment before injection.
Note: This table is provided for the convenience of the reader.
[62 FR 26037, May 12, 1997, as amended at 63 FR 28752, May 26, 1998]
[[Page 281]]
Appendix IX to Part 268--Extraction Procedure (EP) Toxicity
Test Method and Structural Integrity Test (Method 1310)
Note: The EP (Method 1310) is published in ``Test Methods for
Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods,'' EPA Publication SW-
846, as incorporated by reference in Sec. 260.11 of this chapter.
[58 FR 46051, Aug. 31, 1993]
Appendix X to Part 268 [Reserved]
Appendix XI to Part 268--Metal Bearing Wastes Prohibited From Dilution
in a Combustion Unit According to 40 CFR 268.3(c) \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Waste code Waste description
------------------------------------------------------------------------
D004......................... Toxicity Characteristic for Arsenic.
D005......................... Toxicity Characteristic for Barium.
D006......................... Toxicity Characteristic for Cadmium.
D007......................... Toxicity Characteristic for Chromium.
D008......................... Toxicity Characteristic for Lead.
D009......................... Toxicity Characteristic for Mercury.
D010......................... Toxicity Characteristic for Selenium.
D011......................... Toxicity Characteristic for Silver.
F006......................... Wastewater treatment sludges from
electroplating operations except from
the following processes: (1) sulfuric
acid anodizing of aluminum; (2) tin
plating carbon steel; (3) zinc plating
(segregated basis) on carbon steel; (4)
aluminum or zinc-plating on carbon
steel; (5) cleaning/stripping associated
with tin, zinc and aluminum plating on
carbon steel; and (6) chemical etching
and milling of aluminum.
F007......................... Spent cyanide plating bath solutions from
electroplating operations.
F008......................... Plating bath residues from the bottom of
plating baths from electroplating
operations where cyanides are used in
the process.
F009......................... Spent stripping and cleaning bath
solutions from electroplating operations
where cyanides are used in the process.
F010......................... Quenching bath residues from oil baths
from metal treating operations where
cyanides are used in the process.
F011......................... Spent cyanide solutions from salt bath
pot cleaning from metal heat treating
operations.
F012......................... Quenching waste water treatment sludges
from metal heat treating operations
where cyanides are used in the process.
F019......................... Wastewater treatment sludges from the
chemical conversion coating of aluminum
except from zirconium phosphating in
aluminum car washing when such
phosphating is an exclusive conversion
coating process.
K002......................... Wastewater treatment sludge from the
production of chrome yellow and orange
pigments.
K003......................... Wastewater treatment sludge from the
production of molybdate orange pigments.
K004......................... Wastewater treatment sludge from the
production of zinc yellow pigments.
K005......................... Wastewater treatment sludge from the
production of chrome green pigments.
K006......................... Wastewater treatment sludge from the
production of chrome oxide green
pigments (anhydrous and hydrated).
K007......................... Wastewater treatment sludge from the
production of iron blue pigments.
K008......................... Oven residue from the production of
chrome oxide green pigments.
K061......................... Emission control dust/sludge from the
primary production of steel in electric
furnaces.
K069......................... Emission control dust/sludge from
secondary lead smelting.
K071......................... Brine purification muds from the mercury
cell processes in chlorine production,
where separately prepurified brine is
not used.
K100......................... Waste leaching solution from acid
leaching of emission control dust/sludge
from secondary lead smelting.
K106......................... Sludges from the mercury cell processes
for making chlorine.
P010......................... Arsenic acid H3 AsO4
P011......................... Arsenic oxide As2 O5
P012......................... Arsenic trioxide
P013......................... Barium cyanide
P015......................... Beryllium
P029......................... Copper cyanide Cu(CN)
P074......................... Nickel cyanide Ni(CN)2
P087......................... Osmium tetroxide
P099......................... Potassium silver cyanide
P104......................... Silver cyanide
P113......................... Thallic oxide
P114......................... Thallium (l) selenite
P115......................... Thallium (l) sulfate
P119......................... Ammonium vanadate
P120......................... Vanadium oxide V2 O5
P121......................... Zinc cyanide.
U032......................... Calcium chromate.
[[Page 282]]
U145......................... Lead phosphate.
U151......................... Mercury.
U204......................... Selenious acid.
U205......................... Selenium disulfide.
U216......................... Thallium (I) chloride.
U217......................... Thallium (I) nitrate.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ A combustion unit is defined as any thermal technology subject to 40
CFR part 264, subpart O; Part 265, subpart O; and/or 266, subpart H.
[61 FR 15658, Apr. 8, 1996]
PART 270--EPA ADMINISTERED PERMIT PROGRAMS: THE HAZARDOUS WASTE PERMIT PROGRAM--Table of Contents
Subpart A--General Information
Sec.
270.1 Purpose and scope of these regulations.
270.2 Definitions.
270.3 Considerations under Federal law.
270.4 Effect of a permit.
270.5 Noncompliance and program reporting by the Director.
270.6 References.
Subpart B--Permit Application
270.10 General application requirements.
270.11 Signatories to permit applications and reports.
270.12 Confidentiality of information.
270.13 Contents of part A of the permit application.
270.14 Contents of part B: General requirements.
270.15 Specific part B information requirements for containers.
270.16 Specific part B information requirements for tank systems.
270.17 Specific part B information requirements for surface
impoundments.
270.18 Specific part B information requirements for waste piles.
270.19 Specific part B information requirements for incinerators.
270.20 Specific part B information requirements for land treatment
facilities.
270.21 Specific part B information requirements for landfills.
270.22 Specific part B information requirements for boilers and
industrial furnaces burning hazardous waste.
270.23 Specific part B information requirements for miscellaneous
units.
270.24 Specific part B information requirements for process vents.
270.25 Specific part B information requirements for equipment.
270.26 Special part B information requirements for drip pads.
270.27 Specific part B information requirements for air emission
controls for tanks, surface impoundments, and containers.
270.28 Part B information requirements for post-closure permits.
270.29 Permit denial.
Subpart C--Permit Conditions
270.30 Conditions applicable to all permits.
270.31 Requirements for recording and reporting of monitoring results.
270.32 Establishing permit conditions.
270.33 Schedules of compliance.
Subpart D--Changes to Permits
270.40 Transfer of permits.
270.41 Modification or revocation and reissuance of permits.
270.42 Permit modification at the request of the permittee.
270.43 Termination of permits.
Subpart E--Expiration and Continuation of Permits
270.50 Duration of permits.
270.51 Continuation of expiring permits.
Subpart F--Special Forms of Permits
270.60 Permits by rule.
270.61 Emergency permits.
270.62 Hazardous waste incinerator permits.
270.63 Permits for land treatment demonstrations using field test or
laboratory analyses.
270.64 Interim permits for UIC wells.
270.65 Research, development, and demonstration permits.
270.66 Permits for boilers and industrial furnaces burning hazardous
waste.
270.68 Remedial Action Plans (RAPs).
Subpart G--Interim Status
270.70 Qualifying for interim status.
270.71 Operation during interim status.
[[Page 283]]
270.72 Changes during interim status.
270.73 Termination of interim status.