(a)
(b) A fuel cell cartridge designed to contain a Division 4.3 or a Class 8 material may contain an activator provided it is fitted with two independent means of preventing unintended mixing with the fuel during transport.
(c) Each fuel cell cartridge designed to contain a liquefied flammable gas must:
(1) Be capable of withstanding, without leakage or bursting, a pressure of at least two times the equilibrium pressure of the contents at 55 °C (131 °F);
(2) Contain no more than 200 mL of liquefied flammable gas with a vapor pressure not exceeding 1,000 kPa (150 psig) at 55 °C (131 °F); and
(3) Pass the hot water bath test prescribed in accordance with § 173.306(a)(3)(v).
(d) Each fuel cell cartridge designed to contain hydrogen in a metal hydride must conform to the following:
(1) Each fuel cell cartridge must have a water capacity less than or equal to 120 mL (4 fluid ounces).
(2) Each fuel cell cartridge must be a design type that has been subjected, without leakage or bursting, a pressure of at least two times the design pressure of the cartridge at 55 °C (131 °F) or 200 kPa (30 psig) more than the design pressure of the cartridge at 55 °C (131 °F), whichever is greater. The pressure at which the test is conducted is referred to as the “minimum shell burst pressure.” The pressure within the fuel cell cartridge must not exceed 5 MPa (725 psig) at 55 °C (131 °F).
(3) Each fuel cell cartridge must be filled in accordance with the procedure provided by the manufacturer. The manufacturer must provide the following information with each fuel cell cartridge:
(i) Inspection procedures to be carried out before initial filling and before refilling of the fuel cell cartridge;
(ii) Safety precautions and potential hazards to be aware of;
(iii) A method of determining when the rated capacity has been achieved;
(iv) Minimum and maximum pressure range;
(v) Minimum and maximum temperature range; and
(vi) Any other requirements to be met for initial filling and refilling including the type of equipment to be used.
(4) Each fuel cell cartridge must be permanently marked with the following information:
(i) The rated charging pressure in megapascals (MPa);
(ii) The manufacturer's serial number of the fuel cell cartridges or unique identification number; and
(iii) The expiration date based on the maximum service life (yyyy/mm).
(5)
(i)
(A) Vertically, on the end containing the shut-off valve assembly;
(B) Vertically, on the end opposite to the shut-off valve assembly;
(C) Horizontally, onto a steel apex with a diameter of 3.8 cm (9.7 in), with the steel apex in the upward position; and
(D) At a 45° angle on the end containing the shut-off valve assembly.
(ii)
(A) The internal pressure vents to zero gauge pressure without the rupture of the cartridge; or
(B) The cartridge withstands the fire for a minimum of 20 minutes without rupture.
(iii)
(6)
(e) The following packagings are authorized provided the general packaging requirements subpart B of part 173 of this subchapter are met:
(1) For fuel cell cartridges, rigid packagings conforming to the requirements of part 178 of this subchapter at the packing group II performance level; and
(2) Strong outer packagings for fuel cell cartridges contained in equipment or packed with equipment. Large equipment containing fuel cell cartridges may be transported unpackaged if the equipment provides an equivalent level of protection.
(i) Fuel cell cartridges packed with equipment must be packed with cushioning material or divider(s) or inner
(ii) Fuel cell cartridges contained in equipment must be protected against short circuits and the entire fuel cell system must be protected from unintentional activation. The equipment must be securely cushioned in the outer packaging.
(f) For transportation by aircraft, the following additional provisions apply:
(1) The package must comply with the applicable provisions of § 173.27 of this subchapter;
(2) For fuel cell cartridges contained in equipment, fuel cell systems must not charge batteries during transport;
(3) For transportation aboard passenger aircraft, for fuel cell cartridges contained in equipment, each fuel cell system and fuel cell cartridge must conform to IEC PAS 62282-6-1 Ed. 1 (IBR,
(4) When packed with equipment, fuel cell cartridges must be packed in an intermediate packaging along with the equipment they are capable of powering, and the intermediate packagings packed in a strong outer packaging. The maximum number of fuel cell cartridges in the intermediate packaging may not be more than the number required to power the equipment, plus two spares;
(5) Large robust articles containing fuel cells may be transported unpackaged when approved by the Associate Administrator; and
(6) The mass of a fuel cell cartridge containing a Division 4.3 or Class 8 materials must be not more than 1 kg (2.2 lbs).
(7) Fuel cell cartridges intended for transportation in carry-on baggage on board passenger aircraft must comply with paragraphs (a), (b), (c), (d) in this section and the applicable provisions prescribed in § 175.10 of this subchapter.
(g)
(1) For flammable liquids, in fuel cell cartridges containing not more than 1.0 L (0.3 gallon) per cartridge, packed in strong outer packaging.
(2) For water-reactive substances (Division 4.3 Dangerous when wet material), in fuel cell cartridges containing not more than 0.5 L (16.9 fluid ounces) for liquids or not over 0.5 kg (1.1 pound) for solids per cartridge, packed in strong outer packaging.
(3) For corrosive materials, in fuel cell cartridges containing not more than 1.0 L (0.3 gallon) for liquids or not more than 1.0 kg (2.2 pounds) for solids per cartridge, packed in strong outer packaging.
(4) For liquefied (compressed) flammable gas, in fuel cell cartridges not over 120 mL (4 fluid ounces) net capacity per cartridge, packed in strong outer packaging.
(5) For hydrogen in metal hydride, in fuel cell cartridges not over 120 mL (4 fluid ounces) net capacity per cartridge, packed in strong outer packaging.
(6) For transportation by aircraft, the following combination packagings are authorized:
(i) For flammable liquids, in fuel cell cartridges containing not more than 0.5 L (16.9 fluid ounces) per cartridge, packed in strong outer packaging. Additionally, each package may contain
(ii) For water-reactive substances (Division 4.3 Dangerous when wet material), in fuel cell cartridges containing not more than 200 g (0.4 pounds) of solid fuel per cartridge, packed in strong outer packaging. Additionally, each package may contain no more than 2.5 kg (net mass) of fuel cell cartridges.
(iii) For corrosive materials, in fuel cell cartridges containing not more than 200 mL (6.7 fluid ounces) for liquids or not more than 200 g (0.4 pounds) for solids per cartridge packed in strong outer packaging. Additionally, each package may contain no more than 2.5 kg (net mass) of fuel cell cartridges.
(iv) For liquefied (compressed) flammable gas, in fuel cell cartridges not over 120 mL (4 fluid ounces) net capacity per cartridge, packed in strong outer packaging. Additionally, each package may contain no more than 0.5 kg (net mass) of fuel cell cartridges.
(v) For hydrogen in metal hydride, in fuel cell cartridges not over 120 mL (4 fluid ounces) net capacity per cartridge, packed in strong outer packaging. Additionally, each package may contain no more than 0.5 kg (net mass) of fuel cell cartridges.
(h)