[Title 46 CFR ]
[Code of Federal Regulations (annual edition) - October 1, 2014 Edition]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[[Page i]]
Title 46
Shipping
________________________
Parts 156 to 165
Revised as of October 1, 2014
Containing a codification of documents of general
applicability and future effect
As of October 1, 2014
Published by the Office of the Federal Register
National Archives and Records Administration as a
Special Edition of the Federal Register
[[Page ii]]
U.S. GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL EDITION NOTICE
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[[Page iii]]
Table of Contents
Page
Explanation................................................. v
Title 46:
Chapter I--Coast Guard, Department of Homeland
Security (Continued) 3
Finding Aids:
Table of CFR Titles and Chapters........................ 435
Alphabetical List of Agencies Appearing in the CFR...... 455
List of CFR Sections Affected........................... 465
[[Page iv]]
----------------------------
Cite this Code: CFR
To cite the regulations in
this volume use title,
part and section number.
Thus, 46 CFR 159.001-1
refers to title 46, part
159, section 001-1.
----------------------------
[[Page v]]
EXPLANATION
The Code of Federal Regulations is a codification of the general and
permanent rules published in the Federal Register by the Executive
departments and agencies of the Federal Government. The Code is divided
into 50 titles which represent broad areas subject to Federal
regulation. Each title is divided into chapters which usually bear the
name of the issuing agency. Each chapter is further subdivided into
parts covering specific regulatory areas.
Each volume of the Code is revised at least once each calendar year
and issued on a quarterly basis approximately as follows:
Title 1 through Title 16.................................as of January 1
Title 17 through Title 27..................................as of April 1
Title 28 through Title 41...................................as of July 1
Title 42 through Title 50................................as of October 1
The appropriate revision date is printed on the cover of each
volume.
LEGAL STATUS
The contents of the Federal Register are required to be judicially
noticed (44 U.S.C. 1507). The Code of Federal Regulations is prima facie
evidence of the text of the original documents (44 U.S.C. 1510).
HOW TO USE THE CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS
The Code of Federal Regulations is kept up to date by the individual
issues of the Federal Register. These two publications must be used
together to determine the latest version of any given rule.
To determine whether a Code volume has been amended since its
revision date (in this case, October 1, 2014), consult the ``List of CFR
Sections Affected (LSA),'' which is issued monthly, and the ``Cumulative
List of Parts Affected,'' which appears in the Reader Aids section of
the daily Federal Register. These two lists will identify the Federal
Register page number of the latest amendment of any given rule.
EFFECTIVE AND EXPIRATION DATES
Each volume of the Code contains amendments published in the Federal
Register since the last revision of that volume of the Code. Source
citations for the regulations are referred to by volume number and page
number of the Federal Register and date of publication. Publication
dates and effective dates are usually not the same and care must be
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instances where the effective date is beyond the cut-off date for the
Code a note has been inserted to reflect the future effective date. In
those instances where a regulation published in the Federal Register
states a date certain for expiration, an appropriate note will be
inserted following the text.
OMB CONTROL NUMBERS
The Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 (Pub. L. 96-511) requires
Federal agencies to display an OMB control number with their information
collection request.
[[Page vi]]
Many agencies have begun publishing numerous OMB control numbers as
amendments to existing regulations in the CFR. These OMB numbers are
placed as close as possible to the applicable recordkeeping or reporting
requirements.
PAST PROVISIONS OF THE CODE
Provisions of the Code that are no longer in force and effect as of
the revision date stated on the cover of each volume are not carried.
Code users may find the text of provisions in effect on any given date
in the past by using the appropriate List of CFR Sections Affected
(LSA). For the convenience of the reader, a ``List of CFR Sections
Affected'' is published at the end of each CFR volume. For changes to
the Code prior to the LSA listings at the end of the volume, consult
previous annual editions of the LSA. For changes to the Code prior to
2001, consult the List of CFR Sections Affected compilations, published
for 1949-1963, 1964-1972, 1973-1985, and 1986-2000.
``[RESERVED]'' TERMINOLOGY
The term ``[Reserved]'' is used as a place holder within the Code of
Federal Regulations. An agency may add regulatory information at a
``[Reserved]'' location at any time. Occasionally ``[Reserved]'' is used
editorially to indicate that a portion of the CFR was left vacant and
not accidentally dropped due to a printing or computer error.
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
What is incorporation by reference? Incorporation by reference was
established by statute and allows Federal agencies to meet the
requirement to publish regulations in the Federal Register by referring
to materials already published elsewhere. For an incorporation to be
valid, the Director of the Federal Register must approve it. The legal
effect of incorporation by reference is that the material is treated as
if it were published in full in the Federal Register (5 U.S.C. 552(a)).
This material, like any other properly issued regulation, has the force
of law.
What is a proper incorporation by reference? The Director of the
Federal Register will approve an incorporation by reference only when
the requirements of 1 CFR part 51 are met. Some of the elements on which
approval is based are:
(a) The incorporation will substantially reduce the volume of
material published in the Federal Register.
(b) The matter incorporated is in fact available to the extent
necessary to afford fairness and uniformity in the administrative
process.
(c) The incorporating document is drafted and submitted for
publication in accordance with 1 CFR part 51.
What if the material incorporated by reference cannot be found? If
you have any problem locating or obtaining a copy of material listed as
an approved incorporation by reference, please contact the agency that
issued the regulation containing that incorporation. If, after
contacting the agency, you find the material is not available, please
notify the Director of the Federal Register, National Archives and
Records Administration, 8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD 20740-6001,
or call 202-741-6010.
CFR INDEXES AND TABULAR GUIDES
A subject index to the Code of Federal Regulations is contained in a
separate volume, revised annually as of January 1, entitled CFR Index
and Finding Aids. This volume contains the Parallel Table of Authorities
and Rules. A list of CFR titles, chapters, subchapters, and parts and an
alphabetical list of agencies publishing in the CFR are also included in
this volume.
[[Page vii]]
An index to the text of ``Title 3--The President'' is carried within
that volume.
The Federal Register Index is issued monthly in cumulative form.
This index is based on a consolidation of the ``Contents'' entries in
the daily Federal Register.
A List of CFR Sections Affected (LSA) is published monthly, keyed to
the revision dates of the 50 CFR titles.
REPUBLICATION OF MATERIAL
There are no restrictions on the republication of material appearing
in the Code of Federal Regulations.
INQUIRIES
For a legal interpretation or explanation of any regulation in this
volume, contact the issuing agency. The issuing agency's name appears at
the top of odd-numbered pages.
For inquiries concerning CFR reference assistance, call 202-741-6000
or write to the Director, Office of the Federal Register, National
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information. Connect to NARA's web site at www.archives.gov/federal-
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The e-CFR is a regularly updated, unofficial editorial compilation
of CFR material and Federal Register amendments, produced by the Office
of the Federal Register and the Government Printing Office. It is
available at www.ecfr.gov.
Charles A. Barth,
Director,
Office of the Federal Register.
October 1, 2014.
[[Page ix]]
THIS TITLE
Title 46--Shipping is composed of nine volumes. The parts in these
volumes are arranged in the following order: Parts 1-40, 41-69, 70-89,
90-139, 140-155, 156-165, 166-199, 200-499, and 500 to end. The first
seven volumes containing parts 1-199 comprise chapter I--Coast Guard,
DHS. The eighth volume, containing parts 200--499, includes chapter II--
Maritime Administration, DOT and chapter III--Coast Guard (Great Lakes
Pilotage), DHS. The ninth volume, containing part 500 to end, includes
chapter IV--Federal Maritime Commission. The contents of these volumes
represent all current regulations codified under this title of the CFR
as of October 1, 2014.
For this volume, Michele Bugenhagen was Chief Editor. The Code of
Federal Regulations publication program is under the direction of John
Hyrum Martinez, assisted by Jim Hemphill.
[[Page 1]]
TITLE 46--SHIPPING
(This book contains parts 156 to 165)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Part
chapter i--Coast Guard, Department of Homeland Security
(Continued)............................................... 159
[[Page 3]]
CHAPTER I--COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
SUBCHAPTER Q--EQUIPMENT, CONSTRUCTION, AND MATERIALS: SPECIFICATIONS AND
APPROVAL
Part Page
156-158
[Reserved]
159 Approval of equipment and materials......... 5
160 Lifesaving equipment........................ 14
161 Electrical equipment........................ 312
162 Engineering equipment....................... 326
163 Construction................................ 378
164 Materials................................... 389
165
[Reserved]
[[Page 5]]
SUBCHAPTER Q_EQUIPMENT, CONSTRUCTION, AND MATERIALS: SPECIFICATIONS AND
APPROVAL
PARTS 156 158 [RESERVED]
PART 159_APPROVAL OF EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS--Table of Contents
Subpart 159.001_General
Sec.
159.001-1 Purpose.
159.001-2 Right of appeal.
159.001-3 Definitions.
159.001-4 Incorporation by reference.
159.001-5 Correspondence and applications.
159.001-7 Substituted procedures.
159.001-9 OMB Control Numbers assigned pursuant to the Paperwork
Reduction Act.
Subpart 159.005_Approval Procedures
159.005-1 Purpose.
159.005-3 Application for preapproval review.
159.005-5 Preapproval review: Contents of application.
159.005-7 Preapproval review: Coast Guard action.
159.005-9 Approval inspections and tests.
159.005-11 Approval inspection or test report: Contents.
159.005-12 Plans.
159.005-13 Equipment or material: Approval.
159.005-15 Approval of equipment or material: Suspensions, withdrawals,
and terminations.
Subpart 159.007_Production Inspection and Tests of Approved Equipment
and Materials
159.007-1 Purpose.
159.007-3 Production inspections and tests: Independent laboratory's
procedures.
159.007-5 Production inspections and tests: Application for acceptance.
159.007-7 Application for acceptance for production inspections and
tests: Coast Guard action.
159.007-9 Production inspections and tests.
159.007-11 Production inspections and tests: Yearly report.
159.007-13 Production inspections and tests: Records.
Subpart 159.010_Independent Laboratory: Acceptance, Recognition, and
Termination
159.010-1 Purpose.
159.010-3 Independent laboratory: Standards for acceptance.
159.010-5 Independent laboratory: Application for acceptance.
159.010-7 Recognized independent laboratory: Memorandum of
Understanding.
159.010-11 Changes in the laboratory's qualifications.
159.010-15 Contracting inspections and tests or transferals to another
laboratory or person.
159.010-17 Termination of acceptance or recognition of an independent
laboratory.
159.010-19 Termination of acceptance or recognition: Procedure.
Authority: 46 U.S.C. 3306, 3703; 49 CFR 1.45, 1.46; Section 159.001-
9 also issued under the authority of 44 U.S.C. 3507.
Source: CGD 76-048, 44 FR 73043, Dec. 17, 1979, unless otherwise
noted.
Subpart 159.001_General
Sec. 159.001-1 Purpose.
(a) This part contains the procedures for the approval of equipment
and materials when that equipment or material is inspected or tested by
an independent laboratory or by the manufacturer of the equipment or
material.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 159.001-2 Right of appeal.
Any person directly affected by a decision or action taken under
this subchapter, by or on behalf of the Coast Guard, may appeal to the
Deputy for Operations Policy and Capabilities (CG-DCO-D) as provided in
Sec. 1.03-15 of this chapter.
[CGD 93-055, 61 FR 13927, Mar. 28, 1996, as amended by CGD 96-041, 61 FR
50733, Sept. 27, 1996; USCG-2009-0702, 74 FR 49236, Sept. 25, 2009;
USCG-2012-0832, 77 FR 59785, Oct. 1, 2012]
Sec. 159.001-3 Definitions.
As used in this part:
Classification society means an organization involved in the
inspection of ships and ship equipment, and which, as determined by the
Commandant, meets the standards in IMO Resolution A.739(18).
Independent laboratory means an organization which meets the
standards for acceptance in Sec. 159.010-3 of this part, and which is
accepted by the Coast
[[Page 6]]
Guard for performing certain tests and inspections. In addition to
commercial testing laboratories, the Commandant may also accept
classification societies and agencies of governments that are involved
in the inspection and testing of marine safety equipment that meet the
requirements of Sec. 159.010-3.
Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) is an agreement between the Coast
Guard and a laboratory that specifies the approval functions a
recognized independent laboratory performs for the Coast Guard and the
recognized independent laboratory's working arrangements with the Coast
Guard.
Recognized independent laboratory means an independent laboratory
which meets the standards of Sec. 159.010-3, and is accepted by the
Coast Guard to perform certain equipment approval functions on behalf of
the Coast Guard, as described in a Memorandum of Understanding signed by
the laboratory and the Coast Guard in accordance with Sec. 159.010-7(b).
[CGD 93-055, 61 FR 13927, Mar. 28, 1996
Sec. 159.001-4 Incorporation by reference.
(a) Certain materials is incorporated by reference into this part
with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register under 5 U.S.C.
552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. To enforce any edition other than that
specified in paragraph (b) of this section, the Coast Guard must publish
notice of change in the Federal Register; and the material must be
available to the public. All approved material is available for
inspection or at the National Archives and Records Administration
(NARA), and at the Coast Guard Headquarters. Contact Commandant (CG-ENG-
4), Attn: Lifesaving and Fire Safety Division, U.S. Coast Guard Stop
7509, 2703 Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20593-7509.
The material is also available from the sources indicated in paragraph
(b) of this section. For information on the availability of this
material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/
federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html.
(b) The material approved for incorporation by reference in this
part (subchapter) and the sections affected are as follows:
International Maritime Organization (IMO)
Publications Section, 4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SR, United
Kingdom
Resolution A.739(18), Guidelines for the Authorization of Organizations
Acting on Behalf of the Administration, November 22, 1993: 159.001-3
[CGD 93-055, 61 FR 13928, Mar. 28, 1996, as amended by CGD 96-041, 61 FR
50733, Sept. 27, 1996; CGD 97-057, 62 FR 51048, Sept. 30, 1997; 69 FR
18803, Apr. 9, 2004; USCG-2009-0702, 74 FR 49236, Sept. 25, 2009; USCG-
2012-0832, 77 FR 59785, Oct. 1, 2012; USCG-2013-0671, 78 FR 60156, Sept.
30, 2013]
Sec. 159.001-5 Correspondence and applications.
Unless otherwise specified, all correspondence and applications in
connection with approval and testing of equipment and materials must be
addressed to: Commandant (CG-ENG-4), Attn: Lifesaving and Fire Safety
Division, U.S. Coast Guard Stop 7509, 2703 Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue
SE., Washington, DC 20593-7509; telephone 202-372-1392 or fax 202-372-
1924.
[USCG-2006-25697, 71 FR 55747, Sept. 25, 2006, as amended by ; USCG-
2009-0702, 74 FR 49236, Sept. 25, 2009; USCG-2012-0832, 77 FR 59785,
Oct. 1, 2012; USCG-2013-0671, 78 FR 60156, Sept. 30, 2013]
Sec. 159.001-7 Substituted procedures.
(a) The Commandant may substitute the procedures in this part for
the procedures in any other part of this subchapter. Each person known
to be affected by the substitution shall be informed that the procedures
in this part apply.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 159.001-9 OMB Control Numbers assigned pursuant to the
Paperwork Reduction Act.
(a) Purpose. This section collects and displays the control numbers
assigned to information collection and recordkeeping requirements in
this subchapter by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) pursuant to
the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980, (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). The Coast
Guard intends that this section comply with the requirements of 44
U.S.C. 3507(f) which
[[Page 7]]
requires that agencies display a current control number assigned by the
Director of the OMB for each approved agency information collection
requirement.
(b) Display.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Current
OMB
46 CFR part or section where identified or described control
No.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sec. 159.007-11.13......................................... 1625-0035
Sec. 160.002-5............................................. 1625-0035
Sec. 160.047-5............................................. 1625-0035
Sec. 160.048-5............................................. 1625-0035
Sec. 160.050-5............................................. 1625-0035
Sec. 160.052-7............................................. 1625-0035
Sec. 160.053-4............................................. 1625-0035
Sec. 160.055-4............................................. 1625-0035
Sec. 160.064-6............................................. 1625-0035
Sec. Sec. 161.001 through 161.010......................... 1625-0035
Sec. 161.171-15............................................ 1625-0035
Sec. 161.171-23............................................ 1625-0035
Sec. Sec. 162.001 through 161.018......................... 1625-0035
Sec. 162.041............................................... 1625-0035
Sec. 162.043............................................... 1625-0035
Sec. 164.012-13............................................ 1625-0035
Sec. 164.019-5............................................. 1625-0035
Sec. 164.019-7............................................. 1625-0035
Sec. 164.019-9............................................. 1625-0035
Sec. 164.019-13............................................ 1625-0035
Sec. 164.019-15............................................ 1625-0035
Sec. 164.023-15............................................ 1625-0035
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[49 FR 38121, Sept. 27, 1984, as amended by CGD 86-057, 51 FR 35220,
Oct. 2, 1986; CGD 84-068, 58 FR 29492, May 20, 1993; USCG-2004-18884, 69
FR 58350, Sept. 30, 2004]
Subpart 159.005_Approval Procedures
Sec. 159.005-1 Purpose.
(a) This subpart contains the procedures by which the Coast Guard
approves equipment and materials under other subparts of this subchapter
that require--
(1) Preapproval inspections and tests by an independent laboratory;
(2) Preapproval inspections and tests by the manufacturer; or
(3) No preapproval inspections or tests.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 159.005-3 Application for preapproval review.
(a) Each manufacturer of equipment or material who seeks Coast Guard
approval under an applicable subpart must submit an application that
meets Sec. 159.005-5 to the Commandant unless----
(1) The subpart contains a list of independent laboratories;
(2) The subpart does not require Coast Guard review prior to
testing; and
(3) The manufacturer meets the requirements of paragraph (b) of this
section.
(b) If the applicable subpart contains a list of independent
laboratories and does not specifically require preapproval review by the
Coast Guard, the manufacturer may have the tests performed by a listed
laboratory and submit the report required by Sec. 159.005-11 to the
Commandant.
Sec. 159.005-5 Preapproval review: Contents of application.
(a) Each application must contain the following:
(1) The name and address of the manufacturer and the factory where
the finished equipment or material is produced.
(2) One or more of the following as required by the applicable
subpart:
(i) Two sets of general plans of the equipment or material.
(ii) Two sets of specifications of the equipment or material.
(iii) A sample of the equipment or material accompanied by a written
description of its components.
(3) A statement signed by the manufacturer or the manufacturer's
representative, that an official representative of the Coast Guard is
allowed access to the place of manufacture and to the place of test to
verify the information submitted in the application or to witness tests.
(4) If the material submitted under paragraph (a)(2) of this section
contains confidential commercial information that could cause
substantial competitive harm if released to the public, a statement to
the effect that the material is considered privileged and confidential
under exemption (b)(4) of the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552),
and that it should not be released to anyone other than the original
submitter.
(b) If the equipment or material is required by the subpart to be
inspected and tested by an independent laboratory, the application must
contain the following additional information:
(1) The name and address of a laboratory that meets Sec. 159.010-
3(a) and that
[[Page 8]]
is selected by the manufacturer to perform or supervise the inspections
and tests.
(2) If the laboratory has not been accepted previously for
inspecting and testing the manufacturer's equipment or material under
the applicable subpart, the completed application under Sec. 159.010-
5(a).
[44 FR 73043, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by CGD 85-205, 62 FR 25545, May
9, 1997]
Sec. 159.005-7 Preapproval review: Coast Guard action.
(a) If approval inspections and tests are required under the
applicable subpart, the Commandant takes the following action:
(1) If the Commandant determines from the application that the
equipment or material appears to meet the design requirements of an
applicable subpart or appears to have equivalent performance
characteristics, and that the laboratory meets Sec. 159.010-3(a), the
Commandant informs the manufacturer that the required approval
inspections and tests may be conducted.
(2) If the Commandant determines from the application for approval
that the equipment or material does not appear to meet the design
requirements of an applicable subpart or does not appear to have
equivalent performance characteristics, or that the laboratory does not
meet Sec. 159.010-3(a), the Commandant informs the manufacturer of the
reason why the equipment or material is not acceptable for approval
inspections and tests or why the laboratory is not accepted.
(b) If no approval inspections or tests are required under the
applicable subpart, the Commandant----
(1) Takes action in accordance with Sec. 159.005-13; or
(2) Informs the manufacturer of additional information required
before action under Sec. 159.005-13 can be taken.
(c) An item of equipment or material that does not meet all of the
requirements of this subchapter for design or performance may be
approved by the Commandant if it has equivalent performance
characteristics. The item has equivalent performance characteristics if
the application and any approval tests prescribed by the Commandant, in
place of or in addition to the approval tests required by this
subchapter, demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Commandant that the
item is at least as effective as one that meets the requirements of this
subchapter.
[44 FR 73043, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by CGD 85-205, 62 FR 25545, May
9, 1997]
Sec. 159.005-9 Approval inspections and tests.
(a) Each manufacturer of equipment or material that is required to
be subjected to approval inspections and tests must----
(1) If the applicable subpart requires the equipment or material to
be inspected or tested, have the approval inspections or tests
performed;
(2) If the applicable subpart requires the equipment or material to
be inspected or tested by an independent laboratory, insure that a
laboratory accepted by the Commandant performs or supervises the
approval inspections or tests;
(3) Bear all costs of the approval inspections and tests;
(4) If requested, advise the Commandant of the time, date, and place
of each approval inspection or test, or both, before the inspection or
test is performed; and
(5) After completion of the approval inspections and tests, submit
to the Commandant----
(i) A test report that meets Sec. 159.005-11;
(ii) At least two sets of specifications of the material as
inspected or tested or at least two sets of plans of the equipment as
inspected or tested that meet Sec. 159.005-12; and
(iii) A description of the quality control procedures that will be
in effect during the production of the equipment or material.
(b) [Reserved]
[CGD 76-048, 44 FR 73043, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by USCG-2014-0688,
79 FR 58285, Sept. 29, 2014]
Sec. 159.005-11 Approval inspection or test report: Contents.
(a) Each approval inspection or test report must contain the
following:
(1) The name of the manufacturer.
(2) If the inspections or tests are performed or supervised by an
independent
[[Page 9]]
laboratory, the name and address of the laboratory.
(3) The trade name, product designation (such as model numbers), and
a brief description of the equipment or material inspected or tested.
(4) The time, date, and place of each approval inspection and test.
(5) The name and title of each person performing, supervising, and
witnessing the approval inspections or tests.
(6) The performance data for each test required in the applicable
subpart, including a description of each failure.
(7) A description or photographs of the procedures and apparatus
used in the inspections or tests, or a reference to another document
that contains an appropriate description or photographs.
(8) At least one photograph that shows an overall view of the
equipment or material submitted for approval and other photographs that
show----
(i) Design details; and
(ii) Each occurrence of damage or deformation to the equipment or
material that occurred during the approval tests.
(b) Each inspection or test report must bear an attestation that the
inspections or tests were conducted as required by the applicable
subpart and that the report contains no known errors, omissions, or
false statements. The attestation must be signed by:
(1) The manufacturer or manufacturer's representative, if the
inspection or tests are conducted by the manufacturer; or
(2) The chief officer of the laboratory, or the chief officer's
representative, if the inspection or tests were conducted by an
independent laboratory.
Note: A false representation on a report is a ground for suspension
or withdrawal of approval of the equipment or material. A false
representation is also punishable as a crime under 18 U.S.C. 1001.
Sec. 159.005-12 Plans.
(a) Each set of plans under Sec. 159.005-9(a)(5)(ii) for equipment
must include the following:
(1) An assembly drawing or general arrangement drawing.
(2) A description of each component of the equipment that includes
the name, the manufacturer, and the part identification of each
component in----
(i) A detail drawing;
(ii) A bill of material or parts list; or
(iii) A specification for that component.
(3) A list of the drawings and specifications in the set of plans,
including each revision, and the date of that list.
(4) If a manufacturer's instructions or manual is required in the
applicable subpart, a copy of the instructions or manual.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 159.005-13 Equipment or material: Approval.
(a) If from analysis of the material and data required to be
submitted under this subpart, the Commandant determines that the
equipment or material meets the applicable subpart or has equivalent
performance characteristics in accordance with Sec. 159.005-7(c), the
Commandant----
(1) Approves the equipment or material;
(2) Issues a certificate of approval to the manufacturer under
Sec. 2.75-5 of this chapter;
(3) Retains one set of approved plans and returns all others to the
manufacturer; and
(4) Publishes a record of the approval in ``Equipment Lists.'' The
most recent edition of ``Equipment Lists'' U.S. Coast Guard Publication
M16714.3 (series) is available from the Superintendent of Documents,
U.S. Government Printing Office, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-
7954.
(b) If from analysis of the material and data submitted the
Commandant determines that the equipment or material does not meet the
applicable subpart, the Commandant informs the manufacturer of the
reason why that equipment or material does not meet the subpart.
(c) If an independent laboratory performs the approval inspections
or tests, the Commandant will notify the laboratory of the actions taken
under
[[Page 10]]
paragraph (a) or (b) of this section, unless the manufacturer
specifically requests that the laboratory not be notified.
[44 FR 73043, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by CGD 93-055, 61 FR 13928, Mar.
28, 1996; CGD 85-205, 62 FR 25545, May 9, 1997]
Sec. 159.005-15 Approval of equipment or material: Suspensions,
withdrawals, and terminations.
(a) The Commandant suspends an approval issued under this subchapter
in accordance with Sec. 2.75-40 of this chapter, withdraws an approval
issued under this subchapter in accordance with Sec. 2.75-50(a) of this
chapter, and terminates an approval issued under this subchapter in
accordance with Sec. 2.75-50(b) of this chapter.
(b) [Reserved]
Subpart 159.007_Production Inspection and Tests of Approved Equipment
and Materials
Sec. 159.007-1 Purpose.
(a) This subpart contains the procedures under which production
inspections and tests of approved equipment or materials are to be
performed under this subchapter.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 159.007-3 Production inspections and tests: Independent
laboratory's procedures.
(a) The manufacturer may follow an independent laboratory's
procedures for production inspections and tests if those procedures----
(1) Meet or exceed the production inspection and test requirements
of the applicable subpart or are equivalent to those inspections and
tests;
(2) Include labeling or marking the equipment or material when the
equipment or material meets the inspection and test procedures of the
laboratory; and
(3) Are accepted by the Commandant under Sec. 159.007-7(b).
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 159.007-5 Production inspections and tests: Application for acceptance.
(a) If the applicable subpart requires production inspections and
tests by an independent laboratory, the manufacturer must select a
laboratory and submit an application for acceptance that meets
Sec. 159.010-5(a) unless the laboratory----
(1) Is listed in the subpart; or
(2) Is accepted by the Commandant for approval inspections and tests
of the equipment or material under Sec. 159.005-7(a)(1).
(b) If the manufacturer wants to follow the laboratory's procedures
for production inspections and tests instead of meeting the Coast Guard
procedures under this subchapter, the application must contain a
description of those procedures.
Sec. 159.007-7 Application for acceptance for production inspections
and tests: Coast Guard action.
(a) From the information submitted with the application, the
Commandant determines whether or not the laboratory is accepted for
production inspections and tests. The Commandant informs the
manufacturer of the results of this determination, if the Commandant
does not accept a laboratory, the reason for the disapproval will be
given.
(b) From the description of the laboratory's procedures for
production inspections and tests, the Commandant determines whether or
not those procedures are accepted. The Commandant informs the
manufacturer of the results of this determination. If the Commandant
does not accept the laboratory's procedures, the reasons why they are
not accepted will be given.
Sec. 159.007-9 Production inspections and tests.
(a) If the applicable subpart requires the production inspections
and tests to be performed or supervised by an independent laboratory,
the manufacturer shall insure that all required production inspections
and tests are performed or supervised by an independent laboratory
accepted by the Commandant.
(b) If the applicable subpart does not require an independent
laboratory to perform the production inspections and tests, the
manufacturer shall have those inspections and tests performed.
[[Page 11]]
(c) Unless alternative procedures have been accepted by the
Commandant under Sec. 159.007-3 each production inspection and test must
be performed or supervised in accordance with the applicable subpart.
(d) The manufacturer shall admit a Coast Guard inspector to any
place where approved equipment is manufactured, for the purpose of
verifying that the equipment is being manufactured in accordance with
the approved plans and the requirements of this subchapter.
[44 FR 73043, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by CGD 85-205, 62 FR 25545, May
9, 1997]
Sec. 159.007-11 Production inspections and tests: Yearly report.
(a) When the manufacturer uses the production inspection and test
procedures in an applicable subpart he must submit a yearly report. The
report is not required when inspection and test procedures approved
under Sec. 159.007-3 are used.
(b) The report must include the following:
(1) A list of all inspections and tests performed;
(2) A summary of the results of each group of inspections or tests;
(3) A detailed description of any test failures; and
(4) A statement whether or not all required tests were performed.
Sec. 159.007-13 Production inspections and tests: Records.
(a) The manufacturer must have a completed record with the following
information for each production inspection and test:
(1) The time, date and place of each inspection and test.
(2) The name and title of each person performing, supervising and
witnessing the inspections or tests.
(3) The performance data for each test required in the applicable
subpart, including a description of each failure.
(4) A description or photographs of the procedures and apparatus
used in the inspections or tests.
(b) The manufacturer must retain each record under this section for
at least 60 months after the month in which the inspection or test was
conducted.
(c) The records must be made available for examination by the
Commandant upon request.
Subpart 159.010_Independent Laboratory: Acceptance, Recognition, and
Termination
Sec. 159.010-1 Purpose.
This subpart contains the following:
(a) The standards and procedures under which the Coast Guard accepts
an independent laboratory that a manufacturer proposes to use.
(b) The standards and procedures under which a laboratory is
accepted as a recognized laboratory under applicable subparts.
(c) The circumstances under which the acceptance or recognition of a
laboratory is terminated.
[CGD 93-055, 61 FR 13928, Mar. 28, 1996]
Sec. 159.010-3 Independent laboratory: Standards for acceptance.
(a) To be accepted by the Coast Guard as an independent laboratory,
a laboratory must----
(1) Be engaged, as a regular part of its business, in performing
inspections and tests that are the same as or similar to the inspections
and tests required in the applicable subpart;
(2) Have or have access to the apparatus, facilities, personnel, and
calibrated instruments that are necessary to inspect and test the
equipment or material under the applicable subpart;
(3) Not be owned or controlled by----
(i) The manufacturer of the equipment or material to be inspected or
tested under this subchapter or any manufacturer of similar equipment or
material;
(ii) A vendor of the equipment or material to be inspected or tested
under this subchapter or a vendor of similar equipment or material; or
(iii) A supplier of materials to the manufacturer;
(4) Not be dependent on Coast Guard acceptance under this subchapter
to remain in business; and
(5) Not advertise or promote the manufacturer's equipment or
material that the laboratory inspects and tests under this subchapter.
(b) [Reserved]
[[Page 12]]
Sec. 159.010-5 Independent laboratory: Application for acceptance.
(a) Each application for acceptance of an organization as an
independent laboratory must contain the following:
(1) The name and address of the organization.
(2) A list of the equipment or material that the organization would
inspect, or test, or both, under this subchapter.
(3) A description of the organization's experience and its
qualifications for conducting the inspections and tests required in the
applicable subpart.
(4) A description of the apparatus and facilities available to the
organization for conducting those inspections and tests.
(5) If instruments are used in the required tests and inspections, a
description of the instrument calibration program applying to those
instruments.
(6) The position titles of personnel who are to perform, supervise,
or witness those inspections or tests, along with the training and
experience required for personnel in those positions.
(7) A statement signed by the chief officer of the organization or
the chief officer's representative, that an official representative of
the Coast Guard is allowed access upon request to the place where tests
and inspections take place, to verify the information submitted in the
application, or to witness tests and inspections.
(b) Each application for acceptance as an independent laboratory
that is not submitted by an agency of a state or another national
government, or by a classification society, must also contain the
following:
(1) The name and address of each subsidiary and division of the
organization, or a statement that none are involved in the testing or
manufacturing of equipment approved under this subchapter.
(2) The name, title, address, and principal business activity of
each of the organization's officers and directors, and the name,
address, and principal business activity of each person, company, or
corporation that owns at least three-percent interest in the
organization or in a company or corporation that controls the
organization.
[CGD 93-055, 61 FR 13928, Mar. 28, 1996]
Sec. 159.010-7 Recognized independent laboratory: Memorandum of
Understanding.
(a) Only laboratories that have entered into an MOU with the Coast
Guard may perform the functions of a recognized laboratory under this
chapter.
(b) An independent laboratory seeking to become a recognized
independent laboratory must submit a signed MOU to the Commandant that
includes----
(1) A statement of purpose;
(2) An identification and description of the parties involved;
(3) A description of the problem resolution and appeals processes;
(4) A description of the process for measuring effectiveness and
efficiency of the program under the MOU;
(5) The effective date of the MOU and terms for its termination;
(6) A statement to the effect that the MOU is not an exclusive
agreement between the recognized independent laboratory and the Coast
Guard;
(7) An agreement to conduct comparison testing with other recognized
laboratories as directed by the Coast Guard, no more often than twice
each year, with the laboratory bearing the cost of sample acquisition
and testing;
(8) A statement as to how the costs of implementing the MOU will be
borne; and
(9) A description of each party's responsibilities for----
(i) Equipment review and approval;
(ii) Coast Guard oversight of the recognized independent
laboratory's procedures and processes;
(iii) Coordination between the parties;
(iv) Developing and maintaining regulations and standards;
(v) Handling review and approval of new and novel items not
anticipated by existing regulations and standards;
(vi) Testing and inspection facilities and procedures;
(vii) Production quality control; and
(viii) Maintenance of records.
(c) The signature on the MOU required by paragraph (b) of this
section must be that of the chief officer of the
[[Page 13]]
independent laboratory or the chief officer's representative. The
Commandant or an authorized representative of the Commandant will review
the MOU to ensure that it contains the information required by paragraph
(b) of this section, and that the substantive provisions submitted in
compliance with that paragraph are equivalent to those contained in
other MOUs signed by the Commandant. If the Commandant determines that
the MOU is acceptable and the independent laboratory is capable of
carrying out the equipment approval functions identified in the MOU in
accordance with all appropriate requirements, the Commandant or
authorized representative may at his discretion sign the MOU. Where
qualitative tests or determinations are required for approval or follow-
up, provision must be made for conducting comparison tests with other
recognized laboratories.
(d) Copies of MOUs signed by the Commandant in accordance with this
part and of lists of independent laboratories which have been accepted
as recognized laboratories but which have not yet been added to the
lists included in this subchapter may be obtained at the address listed
in Sec. 159.001-5.
[CGD 93-055, 61 FR 13928, Mar. 28, 1996; 61 FR 15868, Apr. 9, 1996]
Sec. 159.010-11 Changes in the laboratory's qualifications.
(a) If any of the information submitted under Sec. 159.010-5(a)
changes, the laboratory shall notify the Commandant in writing of each
change within 30 days after the change has occurred.
(b) If any change in the independent laboratory occurs which affects
its performance under the MOU required under Sec. 159.010-7, the
laboratory shall notify the Commandant in writing within 30 days after
the change occurs. The Commandant may terminate the MOU, or may require
amendments or revisions.
[CGD 93-055, 61 FR 13929, Mar. 28, 1996]
Sec. 159.010-15 Contracting inspections and tests or transferrals to
another laboratory or person.
(a) No independent laboratory may contract or transfer to another
person or laboratory the performance or supervision of inspections or
tests, or both, required under an applicable subpart for which it is
accepted or listed unless----
(1) A request in writing regarding the contract or transfer is
submitted to the Commandant before the contract is executed or the
transfer is completed; and
(2) The Commandant notifies the laboratory in writing that the
contract or the transfer is allowed.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 159.010-17 Termination of acceptance or recognition of an
independent laboratory.
The acceptance or recognition of a laboratory terminates if the
laboratory----
(a) Requests termination;
(b) Is no longer in business;
(c) Knowingly fails to perform or supervise an inspection or test,
or both, as required in an applicable subpart;
(d) Knowingly attests to the lack of errors, omissions, or false
statement of an approval test report that contains errors omissions, or
false statements;
(e) Does not meet the requirements of Sec. 159.010-3(a);
(f) Does not comply with Sec. 159.010-11;
(g) Contracts or transfers the performance or supervision of
required inspections or tests to another laboratory or person without
the approval of the Commandant; or
(h) Fails to, or in the opinion of the Commandant is unable to,
carry out its responsibilities under an MOU required by Sec. 159.010-7.
[CGD 93-055, 61 FR 13929, Mar. 28, 1996]
Sec. 159.010-19 Termination of acceptance or recognition: Procedure.
(a) If the Coast Guard receives evidence of grounds for termination
of acceptance or recognition of an independent laboratory under
Sec. 159.010-17, the Commandant will notify the laboratory that
termination is under consideration. The laboratory may submit written
comments to the Commandant within 21 days of receipt of the
notification. The Commandant will take all timely written comments into
account
[[Page 14]]
before taking final action in the matter, and in no case will the
Commandant take final action until at least 30 days after the laboratory
has received the notification. Any final action taken by the Commandant
is final agency action on the matter.
(b) If a deficiency could materially affect the validity of an
approval issued under an applicable subpart, the Commandant may
temporarily suspend the acceptance of the laboratory and may direct the
holder of the certificate of approval to cease claiming that the items
tested or inspected by the laboratory are Coast Guard approved, pending
a final decision in the matter.
[CGD 93-055, 61 FR 13929, Mar. 28, 1996]
PART 160_LIFESAVING EQUIPMENT--Table of Contents
Subpart 160.001_Life Preservers, General
Sec.
160.001-1 Scope.
160.001-2 General characteristics of life preservers.
160.001-3 Procedure for approval.
160.001-5 Production oversight.
Subpart 160.002_Life Preservers, Kapok, Adult and Child (Jacket Type),
Models 3 and 5
160.002-1 Incorporation by reference.
160.002-2 Size and models.
160.002-3 Materials.
160.002-4 Construction.
160.002-5 Sampling, tests, and inspections.
160.002-6 Marking.
160.002-7 Procedure for approval.
Subpart 160.005_Life Preservers, Fibrous Glass, Adult and Child (Jacket
Type), Models 52 and 56
160.005-1 Incorporation by reference.
160.005-2 Size and model.
160.005-3 Materials.
160.005-4 Construction.
160.005-5 Sampling, tests, and inspections.
160.005-6 Marking.
160.005-7 Procedure for approval.
Subpart 160.006_Life Preservers: Repairing
160.006-2 Repairing.
Subpart 160.010_Buoyant Apparatus for Merchant Vessels
160.010-1 Incorporation by reference.
160.010-2 Definitions.
160.010-3 Inflatable buoyant apparatus.
160.010-4 General requirements for buoyant apparatus.
160.010-5 Buoyant apparatus with plastic foam buoyancy.
160.010-6 Capacity of buoyant apparatus.
160.010-7 Methods of sampling, inspections and tests.
160.010-8 Nameplate and marking.
160.010-9 Procedure for approval.
160.010-10 Independent laboratory.
Subparts 160.011-160.012 [Reserved]
Subpart 160.013_Hatchets (Lifeboat and Liferaft) for Merchant Vessels
160.013-1 Applicable specification and plan.
160.013-2 Type and size.
160.013-3 Materials, workmanship, and construction details.
160.013-5 Marking.
Subpart 160.015 [Reserved]
Subpart 160.016_Lamps, Safety, Flame, for Merchant Vessels
160.016-1 Applicable specification.
160.016-2 Requirements.
160.016-4 Marking.
160.016-5 Procedure for approval.
Subpart 160.017_Chain Ladder
160.017-1 Scope.
160.017-7 Independent laboratory.
160.017-9 Approval procedure.
160.017-11 Materials.
160.017-13 Construction.
160.017-15 Performance.
160.017-17 Strength.
160.017-21 Approval tests.
160.017-25 Marking.
160.017-27 Production tests and examination.
Subpart 160.021_Hand Red Flare Distress Signals
160.021-1 Incorporation by reference.
160.021-2 Type.
160.021-3 Materials, workmanship, construction and performance
requirements.
160.021-4 Approval and production tests.
160.021-5 Labeling and marking.
160.021-6 Container.
160.021-7 Procedure for approval.
Subpart 160.022_Floating Orange Smoke Distress Signals (5 Minutes)
160.022-1 Incorporation by reference.
160.022-2 Type.
160.022-3 Materials, workmanship, construction, and performance
requirements.
160.022-4 Approval and production tests.
160.022-5 Marking.
160.022-7 Procedure for approval.
[[Page 15]]
Subpart 160.023_Hand Combination Flare and Smoke Distress Signals
160.023-1 Incorporation by reference.
160.023-2 Type.
160.023-3 Materials, workmanship, construction and performance
requirements.
160.023-4 Approval and production tests.
160.023-5 Labeling and marking.
160.023-6 Container.
160.023-7 Procedure for approval.
Subpart 160.024_Pistol-Projected Parachute Red Flare Distress Signals
160.024-1 Incorporation by reference.
160.024-2 Type.
160.024-3 Materials, workmanship, construction, and performance
requirements.
160.024-4 Approval and production tests.
160.024-5 Marking.
160.024-7 Procedure for approval.
Subpart 160.026_Water, Emergency Drinking (In Hermetically Sealed
Containers), for Merchant Vessels
160.026-1 Applicable specifications and standard.
160.026-2 Type.
160.026-3 Container.
160.026-4 Water.
160.026-5 Marking.
160.026-6 Sampling, inspection, and tests of production lots.
160.026-7 Procedure for approval.
Subpart 160.027_Life Floats for Merchant Vessels
160.027-2 Type.
160.027-3 Additional requirements for life floats.
160.027-7 Pre-approval tests for alternate platform designs.
Subpart 160.028_Signal Pistols for Red Flare Distress Signals
160.028-2 Type.
160.028-3 Materials, workmanship, construction, and performance
requirements.
160.028-4 Approval and production tests.
160.028-5 Marking.
160.028-6 Container.
160.028-7 Procedure for approval.
Subpart 160.031_Line-Throwing Appliance, Shoulder Gun Type (and
Equipment)
160.031-1 Incorporation by reference.
160.031-2 Type and size.
160.031-3 Materials, construction, workmanship, and performance
requirements.
160.031-4 Equipment for shoulder gun type line-throwing appliance.
160.031-5 Approval and production tests.
160.031-6 Marking.
160.031-7 Procedure for approval.
Subpart 160.032-035 [Reserved]
Subpart 160.036_Hand-Held Rocket-Propelled Parachute Red Flare Distress
Signals
160.036-1 Incorporation by reference.
160.036-2 Type.
160.036-3 Materials, workmanship, construction and performance
requirements.
160.036-4 Approval and production tests.
160.036-5 Marking.
160.036-6 Container.
160.036-7 Procedure for approval.
Subpart 160.037_Hand Orange Smoke Distress Signals
160.037-1 Incorporation by reference.
160.037-2 Type.
160.037-3 Materials, workmanship, construction, and performance
requirements.
160.037-4 Approval and production tests.
160.037-5 Labeling and marking.
160.037-6 Container.
160.037-7 Procedure for approval.
Subpart 160.038_Magazine Chests, Portable, for Merchant Vessels
160.038-1 Applicable specifications.
160.038-2 Type.
160.038-3 Materials, workmanship, and construction.
160.038-4 Inspections and tests.
160.038-5 Marking.
160.038-6 Procedure for approval.
Subpart 160.039 [Reserved]
Subpart 160.040_Line-Throwing Appliance, Impulse-Projected Rocket Type
(and Equipment)
160.040-1 Incorporation by reference.
160.040-2 Type and size.
160.040-3 Materials, construction, workmanship, and performance
requirements.
160.040-4 Equipment for impulse projected rocket type line-throwing
appliance.
160.040-5 Approval and production tests.
160.040-6 Marking and labeling.
160.040-7 Procedure for approval.
Subpart 160.041_Kits, First-Aid, for Merchant Vessels
160.041-1 Applicable specification and publication.
160.041-2 Type and size.
160.041-3 Construction and workmanship.
160.041-4 Contents.
160.041-5 Inspections and tests.
160.041-6 Marking.
[[Page 16]]
Subpart 160.042_Skids, Liferaft, for Merchant Vessels
160.042-1 Applicable specification.
160.042-2 General requirements.
160.042-3 Construction.
160.042-4 Inspection.
160.042-5 Procedure for approval.
Subpart 160.043_Jackknife (With Can Opener) for Merchant Vessels
160.043-1 Applicable specification and plan.
160.043-2 Type.
160.043-3 Materials.
160.043-4 Construction and workmanship.
160.043-5 Inspections and tests.
160.043-6 Marking and packing.
Subpart 160.044_Pumps, Bilge, Lifeboat, for Merchant Vessels
160.044-1 Applicable specifications.
160.044-2 Types and sizes.
160.044-3 General requirements.
160.044-4 Inspection and tests.
160.044-5 Marking.
Subpart 160.047_Specification for a Buoyant Vest, Kapok, or Fibrous
Glass, Adult and Child
160.047-1 Incorporation by reference.
160.047-2 Model.
160.047-3 Materials.
160.047-3a Materials--Dee ring and snap hook assemblies and other
instruments of closure for buoyant vests.
160.047-4 Construction.
160.047-5 Inspections and tests.
160.047-6 Marking.
160.047-7 Recognized laboratory.
Subpart 160.048_Specification for a Buoyant Cushion, Fibrous Glass
160.048-1 Incorporation by reference.
160.048-2 Types and sizes.
160.048-3 Materials.
160.048-4 Construction and workmanship.
160.048-5 Inspections and tests.
160.048-6 Marking.
160.048-7 Procedure for approval.
160.048-8 Recognized laboratory.
Subpart 160.049_Specification for a Buoyant Cushion Plastic Foam
160.049-1 Incorporation by reference.
160.049-2 Types and sizes.
160.049-3 Materials.
160.049-4 Construction and workmanship.
160.049-5 Inspections and tests.
160.049-6 Marking.
160.049-7 Procedure for approval.
160.049-8 Recognized laboratory.
Subpart 160.050_Specification for a Buoy, Life Ring, Unicellular Plastic
160.050-1 Incorporation by reference.
160.050-2 Types and sizes.
160.050-3 Materials.
160.050-4 Construction and workmanship.
160.050-5 Sampling, tests, and inspection.
160.050-6 Marking.
160.050-7 Procedure for approval.
Subpart 160.051_Inflatable Liferafts for Domestic Service
160.051-1 Scope.
160.051-3 Definitions.
160.051-5 Incorporation by reference.
160.051-7 Design and performance of Coastal Service inflatable
liferafts.
160.051-9 Design and performance of A and B inflatable liferafts.
160.051-11 Equipment required for Coastal Service inflatable liferafts.
Subpart 160.052_Specification for a Buoyant Vest, Unicellular Plastic
Foam, Adult and Child
160.052-1 Incorporation by reference.
160.052-2 Size and model.
160.052-3 Materials--standard vests.
160.052-3a Materials--Dee ring and snap hook assemblies and other
instruments of closure for buoyant vests.
160.052-4 Materials--nonstandard vests.
160.052-5 Construction--standard vests.
160.052-6 Construction--nonstandard vests.
160.052-7 Inspection and tests--standard and nonstandard vests.
160.052-8 Marking.
160.052-9 Recognized laboratory.
Subpart 160.053_Work Vests, Unicellular Plastic Foam
160.053-1 Applicable specifications.
160.053-2 Type.
160.053-3 Materials, construction and workmanship.
160.053-4 Inspections and tests.
160.053-5 Marking.
160.053-6 Procedure for approval.
Subpart 160.054_Kits, First-Aid, for Inflatable Liferafts
160.054-1 Applicable specification.
160.054-2 Type and size.
160.054-3 Construction.
160.054-4 Contents.
160.054-5 Inspections and tests.
160.054-6 Marking.
[[Page 17]]
160.054-7 Procedure for approval.
Subpart 160.055_Life Preservers, Unicellular Plastic Foam, Adult and
Child, for Merchant Vessels
160.055-1 Incorporation by reference.
160.055-2 Type and model.
160.055-3 Materials--standard life preservers.
160.055-4 Materials--nonstandard life preservers.
160.055-5 Construction--standard life preservers.
160.055-6 Construction--nonstandard, life preservers.
160.055-7 Sampling, tests, and inspections.
160.055-8 Marking.
160.055-9 Procedure for approval--standard and nonstandard life
preservers.
Subpart 160.056_Rescue Boat
160.056-1 General requirements.
160.056-2 Construction.
160.056-3 Fittings and equipment.
160.056-4 Approval tests of prototype rescue boat.
160.056-6 Name plate.
160.056-7 Procedure for approval.
Subpart 160.057_Floating Orange Smoke Distress Signals (15 Minutes)
160.057-1 Incorporation by reference.
160.057-2 Type.
160.057-3 Materials, workmanship, construction, and performance
requirements.
160.057-4 Approval and production tests.
160.057-5 Marking.
160.057-7 Procedure for approval.
Subpart 160.058_Desalter Kits, Sea Water, for Merchant Vessels
160.058-1 Applicable specification.
160.058-2 Type.
160.058-3 Materials, workmanship, construction and performance
requirements.
160.058-4 Inspections.
160.058-5 Labeling and marking.
Subpart 160.060_Specification for a Buoyant Vest, Unicellular
Polyethylene Foam, Adult and Child
160.060-1 Incorporation by reference.
160.060-2 Type and model.
160.060-3 Materials--standard vests.
160.060-3a Materials--Dee ring and snap hook assemblies and other
instruments of closure for buoyant vests.
160.060-4 Materials--nonstandard vests.
160.060-5 Construction--standard vests.
160.060-6 Construction--nonstandard vests.
160.060-7 Inspections and tests--standard and nonstandard vests.
160.060-8 Marking.
160.060-9 Recognized laboratory.
Subpart 160.061_Fishing Tackle Kits, Emergency, for Merchant Vessels
160.061-1 Applicable specifications.
160.061-2 Requirements.
160.061-3 Design and construction.
160.061-4 Kit assembly.
160.061-5 Marking.
Subpart 160.062_Releases, Lifesaving Equipment, Hydraulic and Manual
160.062-1 Applicable specifications, and referenced material.
160.062-2 Types.
160.062-3 Materials, construction, workmanship, and performance
requirements.
160.062-4 Inspections and tests.
160.062-5 Markings.
160.062-6 Procedure for approval.
160.062-7 Procedures for acceptance of repair facility.
160.062-8 Procedures for acceptance of testing facility.
Subpart 160.064_Marine Buoyant Devices
160.064-1 Applicable specifications.
160.064-2 Types and models.
160.064-3 Requirements.
160.064-4 Marking.
160.064-6 Examinations, tests and inspections.
160.064-7 Recognized laboratory.
Subpart 160.066_Distress Signal for Boats, Red Aerial Pyrotechnic Flare
160.066-1 Type.
160.066-5 Design, construction, and manufacturing requirements.
160.066-7 Performance requirements.
160.066-9 Labeling.
160.066-10 Expiration date.
160.066-11 Approval procedures.
160.066-12 Operational tests.
160.066-13 Technical tests.
160.066-15 Production testing.
Subpart 160.071 [Reserved]
Subpart 160.072_Distress Signals for Boats, Orange Flag
160.072-1 Applicability.
160.072-3 General performance requirements.
160.072-5 Accelerated weathering test.
160.072-7 Manufacturer certification and labeling.
160.072-09 Manufacturer notification.
[[Page 18]]
Subpart 160.073_Float-Free Link or Life Floats and Buoyant Apparatus
160.073-1 Scope.
160.073-5 Certification.
160.073-10 Construction and performance.
160.073-15 Tests.
160.073-20 Marking.
Subpart 160.076_Inflatable Recreational Personal Flotation Devices
160.076-1 Scope.
160.076-3 Applicability.
160.076-5 Definitions.
160.076-7 PFD Approval Type.
160.076-9 Conditional approval.
160.076-11 Incorporation by reference.
160.076-13 Approval procedures for inflatable PFDs.
160.076-15 Suspension or termination of approval.
160.076-17 Approval of design or material changes.
160.076-19 Recognized laboratories.
160.076-21 Component materials.
160.076-23 Construction and performance requirements.
160.076-25 Approval testing.
160.076-27 [Reserved]
160.076-29 Production oversight.
160.076-31 Production tests and examinations.
160.076-33 Manufacturer records.
160.076-35 Information pamphlet.
160.076-37 Owner's manual.
160.076-39 Marking.
Subpart 160.077_Hybrid Inflatable Personal Flotation Devices
160.077-1 Scope.
160.077-2 Definitions.
160.077-3 Required to be worn.
160.077-4 Type.
160.077-5 Incorporation by reference.
160.077-6 Approval procedures.
160.077-7 Procedure for approval of design or material revision.
160.077-9 Recognized laboratory.
160.077-11 Materials--Recreational Hybrid PFD's.
160.077-13 Materials--Type I and Commercial Hybrid PFD.
160.077-15 Construction and Performance--Recreational Hybrid PFD.
160.077-17 Construction and Performance--Type I and Commercial Hybrid
PFD.
160.077-19 Approval Testing--Recreational Hybrid PFD's.
160.077-21 Approval Testing--Type I and Commercial Hybrid PFD.
160.077-23 Production tests and inspections.
160.077-25 Manufacturer records.
160.077-27 Pamphlet.
160.077-29 PFD Manuals.
160.077-30 Spare operating components and temporary marking.
160.077-31 PFD marking.
Subpart 160.115_Launching Appliances_Winches
160.115-1 Scope.
160.115-3 Definitions.
160.115-5 Incorporation by reference.
160.115-7 Design, construction, and performance of winches.
160.115-9 Preapproval review.
160.115-11 [Reserved]
160.115-13 Approval inspections and tests for prototype winches.
160.115-15 Production inspections, tests, quality control, and
conformance of winches.
160.115-17 Marking and labeling.
160.115-19 Operating instructions and information for the ship's
training manual.
160.115-21 Operation and maintenance instructions.
160.115-23 Procedure for approval of design or material change.
Subpart 160.132_Launching Appliances_Davits
160.132-1 Scope.
160.132-3 Definitions.
160.132-5 Incorporation by reference.
160.132-7 Design, construction, and performance of davits.
160.132-9 Preapproval review.
160.132-11 [Reserved]
160.132-13 Approval inspections and tests for prototype davits.
160.132-15 Production inspections, tests, quality control, and
conformance of davits.
160.132-17 Marking and labeling.
160.132-19 Operating instructions and information for the ship's
training manual.
160.132-21 Operation and maintenance instructions.
160.132-23 Procedure for approval of design or material change.
Subpart 160.133_Release Mechanisms for Lifeboats and Rescue Boats
160.133-1 Scope.
160.133-3 Definitions.
160.133-5 Incorporation by reference.
160.133-7 Design, construction, and performance of release mechanisms.
160.133-9 Preapproval review.
160.133-11 [Reserved]
160.133-13 Approval inspections and tests for prototype release
mechanisms.
160.133-15 Production inspections, tests, quality control, and
conformance of release mechanisms.
160.133-17 Marking and labeling.
[[Page 19]]
160.133-19 Operating instructions and information for the ship's
training manual.
160.133-21 Operation and maintenance instructions.
160.133-23 Procedure for approval of design or material change.
Subpart 160.135_Lifeboats
160.135-1 Scope.
160.135-3 Definitions.
160.135-5 Incorporation by reference.
160.135-7 Design, construction, and performance of lifeboats.
160.135-9 Preapproval review.
160.135-11 Fabrication of prototype lifeboats for approval.
160.135-13 Approval inspections and tests for prototype lifeboats.
160.135-15 Production inspections, tests, quality control, and
conformance of lifeboats.
160.135-17 Marking and labeling.
160.135-19 Operating instructions and information for the ship's
training manual.
160.135-21 Operation and maintenance instructions.
160.135-23 Procedure for approval of design or material change.
Subpart 160.151_Inflatable Liferafts (SOLAS)
160.151-1 Scope.
160.151-3 Definitions.
160.151-5 Incorporation by reference.
160.151-7 Construction of inflatable liferafts.
160.151-9 Independent laboratory.
160.151-11 Approval procedure.
160.151-13 Fabrication of prototype inflatable liferafts for approval.
160.151-15 Design and performance of inflatable liferafts.
160.151-17 Additional requirements for design and performance of SOLAS A
and SOLAS B inflatable liferafts.
160.151-21 Equipment required for SOLAS A and SOLAS B inflatable
liferafts.
160.151-25 Additional equipment for inflatable liferafts.
160.151-27 Approval inspections and tests for inflatable liferafts.
160.151-29 Additional approval tests for SOLAS A and SOLAS B inflatable
liferafts.
160.151-31 Production inspections and tests of inflatable liferafts.
160.151-33 Marking and labeling.
160.151-35 Servicing.
160.151-37 Servicing manual.
160.151-39 Training of servicing technicians.
160.151-41 Approval of servicing facilities.
160.151-43 Conditions at servicing facilities.
160.151-45 Equipment required for servicing facilities.
160.151-47 Requirements for owners or operators of servicing facilities.
160.151-49 Approval of servicing facilities at remote sites.
160.151-51 Notice of approval.
160.151-53 Notice to OCMI of servicing.
160.151-55 Withdrawal of approval.
160.151-57 Servicing procedure.
160.151-59 Operating instructions and information for the ship's
training manual.
160.151-61 Maintenance instructions.
Subpart 160.156_Rescue Boats and Fast Rescue Boats (SOLAS)
160.156-1 Scope.
160.156-3 Definitions.
160.156-5 Incorporation by reference.
160.156-7 Design, construction, and performance of rescue boats and fast
rescue boats.
160.156-9 Preapproval review.
160.156-11 Fabrication of prototype rescue boats and fast rescue boats
for approval.
160.156-13 Approval inspections and tests for prototype rescue boats and
fast rescue boats.
160.156-15 Production inspections, tests, quality control, and
conformance of rescue boats and fast rescue boats.
160.156-17 Marking and labeling.
160.156-19 Operating instructions and information for the ship's
training manual.
160.156-21 Operation and maintenance instructions.
160.156-23 Procedure for approval of design, material, or construction
change.
Subpart 160.170_Davit-Launched Liferaft Automatic Release Hooks (SOLAS)
160.170-1 Scope.
160.170-3 Definitions.
160.170-5 Incorporation by reference.
160.170-7 Design, construction, and performance of automatic release
mechanisms.
160.170-9 Preapproval review.
160.170-11 [Reserved]
160.170-13 Approval inspections and tests for prototype automatic
release mechanisms.
160.170-15 Production inspections, tests, quality control, and
conformance of release mechanisms.
160.170-17 Marking and labeling.
160.170-19 Operating instructions and information for the ship's
training manual.
160.170-21 Operation and maintenance instructions.
160.170-23 Procedure for approval of design, material, or change.
Subpart 160.171_Immersion Suits
160.171-1 Scope.
160.171-3 Incorporation by reference.
160.171-5 Independent laboratory.
160.171-7 Approval procedures.
160.171-9 Construction.
[[Page 20]]
160.171-11 Performance.
160.171-13 Storage case.
160.171-15 Instructions.
160.171-17 Approval testing for adult size immersion suit.
160.171-19 Approval testing for child size immersion suit.
160.171-23 Marking.
160.171-25 Production testing.
Subpart 160.174_Thermal Protective Aids
160.174-1 Scope.
160.174-3 Incorporation by reference.
160.174-5 Independent laboratory.
160.174-7 Approval procedures.
160.174-9 Construction.
160.174-11 Performance.
160.174-13 Storage case.
160.174-15 Instructions.
160.174-17 Approval testing.
160.174-23 Marking.
160.174-25 Production testing.
Subpart 160.176_Inflatable Lifejackets
160.176-1 Scope.
160.176-2 Application.
160.176-3 Definitions.
160.176-4 Incorporation by reference.
160.176-5 Approval procedures.
160.176-6 Procedure for approval of design or material revision.
160.176-7 Independent laboratories.
160.176-8 Materials.
160.176-9 Construction.
160.176-11 Performance.
160.176-13 Approval Tests.
160.176-15 Production tests and inspections.
160.176-17 Manufacturer records.
160.176-19 Servicing.
160.176-21 User manuals.
160.176-23 Marking.
Subpart 160.900_Preemption
160.900-1 Preemption of State or local law.
160.900-3 [Reserved]
Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3306, 3703 and 4302; E.O. 12234; 45 FR
58801; 3 CFR, 1980 Comp., p. 277; and Department of Homeland Security
Delegation No. 0170.1.
Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 160 appear by USCG-
2012-0832, 77 FR 59785, 59786, Oct. 1, 2012.
Subpart 160.001_Life Preservers, General
Sec. 160.001-1 Scope.
(a) This subpart contains the general:
(1) Characteristics of life preservers (Type I personal flotation
devices (PFDs));
(2) Approval procedures for life preservers; and
(3) Production oversight requirements for life preservers.
(b) Other subparts in this part specify the detailed requirements
for standard type life preservers and may supplement the requirements in
this subpart.
[CGD 95-028, 62 FR 51209, Sept. 30, 1997]
Effective Date Note: By 79 FR 56499, Sept. 22, 2014, Sec. 160.001-
1(a)(1) was amended by removing the words ``(Type I personal flotation
devices (PFDs))'', effective Oct. 22, 2014.
Sec. 160.001-2 General characteristics of life preservers.
(a) A life preserver must be of such construction, material and
workmanship that it can perform its intended function in all weathers
and at all temperatures which may be expected in the normal usage of the
life preserver. All components used in the construction of a life
preserver must meet the applicable requirements of subpart 164.019 of
the chapter.
(b) A life preserver must be capable of supporting a minimum of 22
pounds in fresh water for 48 hours.
(c) Life preservers which depend upon loose or granulated material
for buoyancy are prohibited.
(d) A life preserver must be:
(1) Simple in design;
(2) Capable of being:
(i) Worn inside-out,
(ii) worn clearly in only one way, or
(iii) Donned correctly without demonstration, instructions, or
assistance by at least 75 percent of persons unfamiliar with the design;
and
(3) Capable of being quickly adjusted for a secure fit to the body
of wearers for which it is intended.
(e) A life preserver shall support the wearer in the water in an
upright or slightly backward position, and shall provide support to the
head so that the face of an unconscious or exhausted person is held
above the water.
(f) A life preserver shall be capable of turning the wearer, upon
entering the water, to a safe flotation position as described in
paragraph (e) of this section.
(g) A life preserver shall not be appreciably deteriorated or
rendered unable to perform its intended function by common oils or oil
products.
[[Page 21]]
(h) A life preserver shall be of a highly visible color, such as
Indian Orange, International Orange, or Scarlet Munsell Red.
(i) A life preserver shall be of such construction, materials, and
workmanship as to be at least equivalent to a standard type life
preserver described in detail by other subparts in this part.
(j) Each thread in a life preserver regulated under subparts
160.002, 160.005 and 160.055 of this part must meet the requirements of
a Federal or military specification in table 164.023-5(a) of this
chapter. Only one kind of thread may be used in each seam.
[CGFR 66-33, 31 FR 15297, Dec. 6, 1966, as amended by CGD 78-012, 43 FR
27152, June 22, 1978; CGD 78-174b, 54 FR 50320, Dec. 5, 1989; CGD 84-
068, 58 FR 29493, May 20, 1993; CGD 95-028, 62 FR 51209, Sept. 30, 1997]
Sec. 160.001-3 Procedure for approval.
(a) General. Designs of life preservers are approved only by the
Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard. Manufacturers seeking approval of a life
preserver design shall follow the procedures of this section and subpart
159.005 of this chapter.
(b) Each application for approval of a life preserver must contain
the information specified in Sec. 159.005-5 of this chapter. The
application and, except as provided in paragraphs (c) and (d)(2) of this
section, a prototype life preserver must be submitted to the Commandant
for preapproval review. If a similar design has already been approved,
the Commandant may waive the preapproval review under Sec. Sec. 159.005-
5 and 159.005-7 of this chapter.
(c) If the life preserver is of a standard design, as described by
subpart 160.002, 160.005, or 160.055, the application:
(1) Must include the following: A statement of any exceptions to the
standard plans and specifications, including drawings, product
description, construction specifications, and/or bill of materials.
(2) Need not include: The information specified in Sec. 159.005-
5(a)(2).
(d) If the life preserver is of a non-standard design, the
application must include the following:
(1) Plans and specifications containing the information required by
Sec. 159.005-12 of this chapter, including drawings, product
description, construction specifications, and bill of materials.
(2) The information specified in Sec. 159.005-5(a)(2) (i) through
(iii) of this chapter, except that, if preapproval review has been
waived, the manufacturer is not required to send a prototype PFD sample
to the Commandant.
(3) Performance testing results of the design performed by an
independent laboratory, that has a Memorandum of Understanding with the
Coast Guard under Sec. 159.010-7 of this subchapter covering the in-
water testing of personal flotation devices, showing equivalence to the
standard design's performance in all material respects.
(4) The Approval Type sought (Type I or Type V).
(5) Any special purpose(s) for which the life preserver is designed
and the vessel(s) or vessel type(s) on which its use is intended.
(6) Buoyancy and other relevant tolerances to be complied with
during production.
(7) The text of any optional marking to be included on the life
preserver in addition to the markings required by the applicable
approval subpart.
(8) For any conditionally approved life preserver, the intended
approval condition(s).
(e) The description of quality control procedures required by
Sec. 159.005-9 of this chapter may be omitted if the manufacturer's
planned quality control procedures meet the requirements of those
accepted by the Commandant for the independent laboratory performing
production inspections and tests.
(f) Waiver of tests. A manufacturer may request that the Commandant
waive any test prescribed for approval under the applicable subpart. To
request a waiver, the manufacturer must submit to the Commandant and the
laboratory described in Sec. 159.010, one of the following:
(1) Satisfactory test results on a PFD of sufficiently similar
design as determined by the Commandant.
(2) Engineering analysis demonstrating that the test for which a
waiver is requested is not appropriate for the particular design
submitted for approval or that, because of its design
[[Page 22]]
or construction, it is not possible for the PFD to fail that test.
[CGD 95-028, 62 FR 51209, Sept. 30, 1997]
Effective Date Note: By 79 FR 56499, Sept. 22, 2014, Sec. 160.001-3
was amended by removing paragraph (d)(4) and redesignating paragraphs
(d)(5), (6), (7), and (8) as paragraphs (d)(4), (5), (6), and (7),
respectively., effective Oct. 22, 2014.
Sec. 160.001-5 Production oversight.
(a) General. Production tests and inspections must be conducted in
accordance with this section, subpart 159.007 of this chapter, and if
conducted by an independent laboratory, the independent laboratory's
procedures for production inspections and tests as accepted by the
Commandant. The Commandant may prescribe additional production tests and
inspections necessary to maintain quality control and to monitor
compliance with the requirements of this subchapter.
(b) Oversight. In addition to responsibilities set out in part 159
of this chapter and the accepted laboratory procedures for production
inspections and tests, each manufacturer of a life preserver and each
laboratory inspector shall comply with the following, as applicable:
(1) Manufacturer. Each manufacturer must----
(i) Perform all tests and examinations necessary to show compliance
with this subpart and subpart under which the life preserver is approved
on each lot before any inspector's tests and inspection of the lot;
(ii) Follow established procedures for maintaining quality control
of the materials used, manufacturing operations, and the finished
product; and
(iii) Allow an inspector to take samples of completed units or of
component materials for tests required by this subpart and for tests
relating to the safety of the design.
(2) Laboratory. An inspector from the accepted laboratory shall
oversee production in accordance with the laboratory's procedures for
production inspections and tests accepted by the Commandant. During
production oversight, the inspector shall not perform or supervise any
production test or inspection unless----
(i) The manufacturer has a valid approval certificate; and
(ii) The inspector has first observed the manufacturer's production
methods and any revisions to those methods.
(3) At least quarterly, the inspector shall check the manufacturer's
compliance with the company's quality control procedures, examine the
manufacturer's required records, and observe the manufacturer perform
each of the required production tests.
(c) Test facilities. The manufacturer shall provide a suitable place
and apparatus for conducting the tests and inspections necessary to
determine compliance of life preservers with this subpart. The
manufacturer shall provide means to secure any test that is not
continuously observed, such as the 48 hour buoyancy test. The
manufacturer must have the calibration of all test equipment checked in
accordance with the test equipment manufacturer's recommendation and
interval but not less than at least once every year.
(d) Lots. A lot may not consist of more than 1000 life preservers. A
lot number must be assigned to each group of life preservers produced.
Lots must be numbered serially. A new lot must be started whenever any
change in materials or a revision to a production method is made, and
whenever any substantial discontinuity in the production process occurs.
The lot number assigned, along with the approval number, must enable the
PFD manufacturer to determine the supplier's identifying information for
the component lot.
(e) Samples. (1) From each lot of life preservers, manufacturers
shall randomly select a number of samples from completed units at least
equal to the applicable number required by table 160.001-5(e) for
buoyancy testing. Additional samples must be selected for any tests,
examinations, and inspections required by the laboratory's production
inspections and tests procedures.
[[Page 23]]
Table 160.001-5(e)--Sampling for Buoyancy Tests
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of
life
Lot size preservers
in sample
------------------------------------------------------------------------
100 and under.............................................. 1
101 to 200................................................. 2
201 to 300................................................. 3
301 to 500................................................. 4
501 to 750................................................. 6
751 to 1000................................................ 8
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2) For a lot next succeeding one from which any sample life
preserver failed the buoyancy test, the sample shall consist of not less
than ten specimen life preservers to be tested for buoyancy in
accordance with paragraph (f) of this section.
(f) Buoyancy test. The buoyancy of the life preservers must be
determined by measuring the upward force exerted by the individual
submerged unit. The buoyancy measurement must be made at the end of the
24 or 48 hours of submersion, as specified in the applicable approval
subpart, during which period the pad inserts must not be disturbed.
(g) Buoyancy required. The buoyancy must meet the requirements of
the applicable approval subpart.
(h) Lot inspection. On each lot, the laboratory inspector shall
perform a final lot inspection to be satisfied that the life preservers
meet this subpart. Each lot must demonstrate----
(1) First quality workmanship;
(2) That the general arrangement and attachment of all components,
such as body straps, closures, tie tapes, and drawstrings, are as
specified in the approved plans and specifications;
(3) Compliance with the marking requirements in the applicable
approval subpart; and
(4) The information pamphlet specified in 33 CFR part 181 subpart G,
if required, is securely attached to the device, with the PFD selection
information visible and accessible prior to purchase.
(i) Lot acceptance. When the independent laboratory has determined
that the life preservers in the lot are of a type officially approved in
the name of the company, and that such life preservers meet the
requirements of this subpart, they shall be plainly marked in waterproof
ink with the independent laboratory's name or identifying mark.
(j) Lot rejection. Each nonconforming unit must be rejected. If
three or more nonconforming units are rejected for the same kind of
defect, lot inspection must be discontinued and the lot rejected. The
inspector must discontinue lot inspection and reject the lot if
examination of individual units or the records for the lot shows
noncompliance with either this subchapter or the laboratory's or the
manufacturer's quality control procedures. A rejected unit or lot may be
resubmitted for testing and inspection if the manufacturer first removes
and destroys each defective unit or, if authorized by the laboratory,
reworks the unit or lot to correct the defect. A rejected lot or
rejected unit may not be sold or offered for sale under the
representation that it meets this subpart or that it is Coast Guard-
approved.
[CGD 95-028, 62 FR 51210, Sept. 30, 1997]
Subpart 160.002_Life Preservers, Kapok, Adult and Child (Jacket Type),
Models 3 and 5
Sec. 160.002-1 Incorporation by reference.
(a) Specifications and standards. This subpart makes reference to
the following documents:
(1) Military Specifications:
MIL-W-530--Webbing, Textile, Cotton. General Purpose, Natural or in
Colors.
(2) Federal Specification:
L-P-375--Plastic Film, Flexible, Vinyl Chloride.
(3) Federal Standards:
No. 191--Textile Test Methods.
No. 751A--Stitches, Seams, and Stitchings.
(4) Coast Guard specifications:
164.003--Kapok, Processed.
(b) Plans. The following plans, of the issue in effect on the date
life preservers are manufactured, form a part of this specification:
Dwg. No. F-49-6-1:
(Sheet 1) Cutting Pattern and General Arrangement (adult).
(Sheet 1A) Alternate stitching of tapes and webbing (adult and
child).
[[Page 24]]
(Sheet 2) Pad Detail (adult).
Dwg. No. F-49-6-5:
(Sheet 1) Cutting Pattern and General Arrangement (child).
(Sheet 2) Pad Detail (child).
(c) Copies on file. Copies of the specifications and plans referred
to in this section shall be kept on file by the manufacturer, together
with the certificate of approval. They shall be kept for a period
consisting of the duration of approval and 6 months after termination of
approval. The Coast Guard specifications and plans may be obtained upon
request from the Commandant (CG-ENG), Attn: Office of Design and
Engineering Systems, U.S. Coast Guard Stop 7509, 2703 Martin Luther King
Jr. Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20593-7509. The Federal specifications
and standards may be purchased from the Business Service Center, General
Services Administration, Washington, DC, 20407. The Military
specifications may be obtained from the Military Specifications and
Standards, Standardization Documents Order Desk, Building 4D, 700
Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, https://
assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/.
(d) [Reserved]
[CGFR 53-25, 18 FR 7855, Dec. 5, 1953, as amended by CGFR 65-16, 30 FR
10897, Aug. 21, 1965; CGD 78-012, 43 FR 27153, 27154, June 22, 1978; CGD
88-070, 53 FR 34535, Sept. 7, 1988; CGD 95-072, 60 FR 50467, Sept. 29,
1995; CGD 96-041, 61 FR 50733, Sept. 27, 1996; USCG-2009-0702, 74 FR
49237, Sept. 25, 2009; USCG-2013-0671, 78 FR 60156, Sept. 30, 2013]
Sec. 160.002-2 Size and models.
Each life preserver specified in this subpart is to be a:
(a) Model 3, adult, 24 ounces kapok; or
(b) Model 5, child, 16 ounces kapok.
[CGD 72-163R, 38 FR 8118, Mar. 28, 1973]
Sec. 160.002-3 Materials.
All components used in the construction of the life preserver must
meet the applicable requirements of subpart 164.019 of this chapter and
the following requirements apply to individual components;
(a) Kapok. The kapok shall be all new material complying with
subpart 164.003 of this subchapter and shall be properly processed.
(b) Envelope. The life preserver envelope, or cover, shall be made
of cotton drill. The color shall be Indian Orange, Cable No. 70072,
Standard Color Card of America, issued by the Textile Color Association
of the United States, Inc., 200 Madison Avenue, New York, N.Y., or
Scarlet Munsell 7.5 Red 6/10. The drill shall be evenly dyed, and the
fastness of the color to laundering, water, crocking, and light shall be
rated ``good'' when tested in accordance with Federal Test Method
Standard No. 191, Methods 5610, 5630, 5650, and 5660. After dyeing, the
drill shall be treated with a mildew-inhibitor of the type specified in
paragraph (j) of this section. The finished goods shall contain not more
than 2 percent residual sizing or other non-fibrous material, shall
weigh not less than 6.5 ounces per square yard, shall have a thread
count of not less than 72 in the warp and 54 in the filling, and shall
have a breaking strength (grab method) of not less than 105 pounds in
the warp and 70 pounds in the filling. If it is proposed to treat the
fabric with a fire-retardant substance, full details shall be submitted
to the Commandant for determination as to what samples will be needed
for testing.
(c) Tunnel strip. The tunnel strip shall be made of cotton drill
conforming to the requirements for the envelope cover.
(d) Pad covering. The covering for the kapok pad inserts shall be
flexible vinyl film not less than 0.006 inch in thickness meeting the
requirements of specification L-P-375 for Type I film Type II, Class 1
film not less than 0.008 inch in thickness will also be acceptable.
(e) Tie tapes and drawstrings. The tie tapes at the neck and the
lower drawstrings shall be made of 1\1/4\-inch cotton tape weighing not
less than 0.3 ounce per linear yard, and having a minimum breaking
strength of 200 pounds. The tie tapes and drawstrings shall be treated
with a mildew-inhibitor of the type specified in paragraph (j) of this
section.
(f) Body strap. The body strap shall be made of one-inch cotton
webbing having a minimum breaking strength of 400 pounds. One-inch
cotton webbing
[[Page 25]]
meeting the requirements of specification MIL-W-530 for Type IIb webbing
is acceptable. The complete body strap assembly shall have a minimum
breaking strength of 360 pounds. The body strap shall be treated with a
mildew-inhibitor of the type specified in paragraph (j) of this section.
(g) Dee rings and snap hook. The dee rings and snap hook shall be of
brass, bronze, or stainless steel, and of the approximate size indicated
by Dwg. F-49-6-1, Sheet 1. The snap hook spring shall be phosphor bronze
or other suitable corrosion-resistant material. Dee ring ends shall be
welded to form a continuous ring. The webbing opening of the snap hook
shall be a continuous ring.
(h) Reinforcing tape. The reinforcing tape shall be made of \3/4\-
inch cotton tape weighing not less than 0.18 ounce per linear yard and
having a minimum breaking strength of 120 pounds, and shall be treated
with a mildew-inhibitor of the type specified in paragraph (j) of this
section.
(i) Thread. Each thread must meet the requirements of subpart
164.023 of this chapter. Only one kind of thread may be used in each
seam.
(j) Mildew-inhibitor. The mildew-inhibitor shall be
dihydroxydichloro- diphenylmethane, known commercially as Compound G-4,
applied by the aqueous method. The amount of inhibitor deposited shall
be not more than 1.50 percent and not less than 1.00 percent of the dry
weight of the finished goods.
[CGFR 58-23, 23 FR 4627, June 25, 1958, as amended by CGFR 65-16, 30 FR
10897, Aug. 21, 1965; CGD 78-012, 43 FR 27153, 27154; June 22, 1978; CGD
84-068, 58 FR 29493, May 20, 1993]
Sec. 160.002-4 Construction.
(a) General. This specification covers life preservers which
essentially consist of a vest-cut envelope containing pockets in which
are enclosed pads of buoyant material, the life preserver being fitted
with tapes and webbing to provide complete reversibility, proper
adjustment for close fit to the bodies of various size wearers, and
proper flotation characteristics to hold the wearer in an upright
backward position with head and face out of water.
(b) Envelope. The envelope shall be of not more than two pieces, one
piece for either side, cut to the pattern shown on Dwg. No. F-49-6-1,
Sheet 1, for adult size, and Dwg. F-49-6-5, Sheet 1, for child size,
joined by seams and stitching as shown on the drawing. A drawstring
tunnel shall be formed by stitching a strip of the tunnel strip material
as shown on the drawing. The ends of the tunnel strip shall be tucked
under the reinforcing tape stitched around the end openings so there is
no direct access to the pads from the outside. Three pockets shall be
formed for insertion of the kapok pads. The two front pads shall be
removable from the envelope when portions of the lower longitudinal seam
are opened, and the back pad shall be removable when a portion of one
armhole seam is opened.
(c) Pad inserts--(1) Forming, sealing, and distribution of kapok.
The buoyant pad inserts shall be formed from two pieces of film cut to
the patterns shown by Dwg. No. F-49-6-1, Sheet 2, for adult size, and
Dwg. No. F-49-6-5, Sheet 2, for child size, which shall be heat-sealed
tight. The heat-sealed pad seams shall show an adhesion of not less than
8 pounds when one inch strips cut across and perpendicular to the seams
are pulled apart at a rate of separation of the clamping jaws of the
test machine of 12 inches per minute. The pad inserts shall be filled
with kapok distributed as follows:
Table 160.002-4 (c)(1)--Distribution of Kapok in Pad Inserts
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Model 3 (minimum) Model 5 (minimum)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Front pad (2):
Lower section................. 5.25 oz. each..... 3.50 oz. each.
Upper section................. 3.75 oz. each..... 2.50 oz. each.
Back Pad........................ 6.00 oz........... 4.00 oz.
Total........................ 24.00 oz.......... 16.00 oz.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2) Displacement of pad inserts. The volume of the finished
individual heat-sealed buoyant pad inserts shall be such as to provide
buoyancy as set forth in the following table when tested in accordance
with the method set forth in Sec. 160.002-5(d), except that the period
of submergence shall be only long enough to determine the displacement
of the pads:
[[Page 26]]
Table 160.002-4(c)(2)--Volume Displacement of Sealed Pads
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Model 3 Model 5
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Front pads...................... 12\1/2\ lbs. each 6\1/2\ lbs. each
[\3/4\ lb. [\1/2\ lb.
Back pads....................... 8 lbs. each [\1/2\ 4\1/2\ lbs. each
lb. [\1/2\ lb.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(d) Tie tapes. The tie tapes at the neck shall extend not less than
14 inches from the edge of the adult life preserver and not less than 12
inches from the edge of the child life preserver. They shall be stitched
through both thicknesses of the envelope as shown by Dwg. No. F-49-6-1,
Sheet 1, for adult size, and Dwg. No. F-49-6-5, Sheet 1, for child size,
or by the alternate stitching shown on Sheet 1A. The free ends shall be
doubled over and stitched in accordance with section G-G of Sheet 1.
(e) Drawstrings. The drawstrings at the waist shall extend not less
than 8 inches from the edge of the life preserver and shall be secured
in the drawstring tunnel as shown by Dwg. No. F-49-6-1, Sheet 1, for
adult size, and Dwg. No. F-49-6-5, Sheet 1, for child size, or by the
alternate stitching shown on Sheet 1A. The free ends shall be doubled
over and stitched in accordance with section G-G of Sheet 1.
(f) Body strap. The body strap shall be fitted with a single Dee
ring on one end with the arrangement of a snap hook and pre-threaded
double Dee rings as shown on Dwg. No. F-49-6-1, Sheet 1, on the other.
The body strap shall be stitched as shown on the drawings, and the edge
of the single Dee ring shall be 20 inches from the center line for adult
size and 15 inches for child size.
(g) Reinforcing tape. Binding tape shall be stitched approximately
15 inches for adult jackets and 12 inches for child jackets around the
back of the neck, and also around the openings of the drawstring tunnel
and around the bottom of the armholes, as indicated by the drawings.
(h) Stitching. All stitching shall be a short lock stitch conforming
to Stitch Type 301 of Federal standard No. 751 and there shall be not
less than 7, nor more than 9 stitches to the inch.
(i) Workmanship. Life preservers shall be of first-class workmanship
and shall be free from any defects materially affecting their appearance
or serviceability.
[CGFR 53-25, 18 FR 7856, Dec. 5, 1953, as amended by CGFR 58-23, 23 FR
4627, June 25, 1958; CGFR 65-16, 30 FR 10897, Aug. 21, 1965]
Sec. 160.002-5 Sampling, tests, and inspections.
(a) Production tests and inspections must be conducted by the
manufacturer of a life preserver and the accepted laboratory inspector
in accordance with this section and Sec. 160.001-5.
(b) Buoyancy test. The buoyancy of the pad inserts from the life
preserver shall be determined according to Sec. 160.001-5(f) of this
part with each compartment of the buoyant pad insert covers slit so as
not to entrap air. The period of submersion must be at least 48 hours.
(c) Buoyancy required. The buoyant pad inserts from Model 3 adult
life preservers shall provide not less than 25 pounds buoyancy in fresh
water, and the pads from Model 5 child life preservers shall provide not
less than 16.5 pounds buoyancy.
[CGD 95-028, 62 FR 51211, Sept. 30, 1997]
Sec. 160.002-6 Marking.
Each life preserver must have the following clearly marked in
waterproof ink on a front section:
(a) In letters three-quarters of an inch or more in height:
(1) Adult (for persons weighing over 90 pounds); or
(2) Child (for persons weighing less than 90 pounds).
(b) In letters that can be read at a distance of 2 feet:
Type I Personal Flotation Device.
Inspected and tested in accordance with U.S. Coast Guard
regulations.
Kapok buoyant material provides a minimum buoyant force of (25 lb.
or 16\1/2\ lb.).
Do not snag or puncture inner plastic cover.
Approved for use on all vessels by persons weighing (90 lb. or more,
or less than 90 lb.).
U.S. Coast Guard Approval No. 160.002/(assigned manufacturer's No.)/
(Revision No.); (Model No.).
(Name and address of manufacturer or distributor.).
[[Page 27]]
(Lot No.).
[CGD 72-163R, 38 FR 8118, Mar. 28, 1973, as amended by CGD 75-008, 43 FR
9770, Mar. 9, 1978]
Effective Date Note: By 79 FR 56499, Sept. 22, 2014, Sec. 160.002-
6(b) was amended by removing the words ``Type I Personal Flotation
Device.'', effective Oct. 22, 2014.
Sec. 160.002-7 Procedure for approval.
General. Manufacturers seeking approval of a life preserver design
shall follow the procedures of subpart 159.005 of this chapter, as
explained in Sec. 160.001-3 of this part.
[CGD 95-028, 62 FR 51211, Sept. 30, 1997]
Subpart 160.005_Life Preservers, Fibrous Glass, Adult and Child (Jacket
Type), Models 52 and 56
Sec. 160.005-1 Incorporation by reference.
(a) Specifications and Standards. This subpart makes reference to
the following documents:
(1) Federal Specification:
L-P-375C--Plastic Film, Flexible, Vinyl Chloride.
(2) Federal Standards:
No. 191--Textile Test Methods.
No. 751A--Stitches, Seams, and Stitchings.
(3) Military Specification:
MIL-W-530F--Webbing, Textiles, Cotton, General Purpose, Natural and in
colors.
MIL-R-2766B--Batt, Fibrous Glass, Lifesaving Equipment.
(b) Plans. The following plans, of the issue in effect on the date
life preservers are manufactured, form a part of this subpart:
Dwg. No. 160.005-1:
(Sheet 1) Cutting Pattern and General Arrangement (Adult).
(Sheet 2) Alternate Stitching of Tapes and Webbing (Adult and
Child).
(Sheet 3) Pad Detail (Adult).
(Sheet 4) Cutting Pattern and General Arrangement (Child).
(Sheet 5) Pad Detail (Child).
(c) Copies on file. Copies of the specifications and plans referred
to in this section shall be kept on file by the manufacturer, together
with the certificate of approval. They shall be kept for a period
consisting of the duration of approval and 6 months after termination of
approval. The Coast Guard plans may be obtained upon request from the
Commandant (CG-ENG-4), Attn: Lifesaving and Fire Safety Division, U.S.
Coast Guard Stop 7509, 2703 Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue SE.,
Washington, DC 20593-7509. The Federal specifications and standards may
be purchased from the Business Service Center, General Services
Administration, Washington, DC 20407. The Military specifications may be
obtained from the Military Specifications and Standards, Standardization
Documents Order Desk, Building 4D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA
19111-5094, https://assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/.
[CGFR 53-25, 18 FR 7862, Dec. 5, 1953, as amended by CGFR 65-16, 30 FR
10897, Aug. 21, 1965; CGD 78-012, 43 FR 27153, 27154, June 22, 1978; CGD
88-070, 53 FR 34535, Sept. 7, 1988; USCG-2013-0671, 78 FR 60156, Sept.
30, 2013]
Sec. 160.005-2 Size and model.
Each life preserver specified in this subpart is a:
(a) Model 52, adult, 46 ounces fibrous glass; or
(b) Model 56, child, 30 ounces fibrous glass.
[CGD 72-163R, 38 FR 8118, Mar. 28, 1973]
Sec. 160.005-3 Materials.
All components used in the construction of a life preserver must
meet the applicable requirements of subpart 164.019 of this chapter and
the following requirements apply to individual components:
(a) Fibrous glass. The fibrous glass shall be all new material
complying with the requirements of Specification MIL-B-2766.
(b) Envelope. The life preserver envelope, or cover, shall be made
of cotton drill. The color shall be Indian Orange, Cable No. 70072,
Standard Color Card of America, issued by the Textile Color Association
of the United States, Inc., 200 Madison Avenue, New York, N.Y., or
Scarlet Munsell 7.5 Red 6/10. The drill shall be evenly dyed, and the
fastness of the color to laundering, water, crocking, and light shall be
rated ``good'' when tested in accordance with Federal Test Method
Standard No. 191, Methods 5610, 5630, 5650, and 5660. After dyeing, the
drill shall be treated with a
[[Page 28]]
mildew-inhibitor of the type specified in paragraph (j) of this section.
The finished goods shall contain not more than 2 percent residual sizing
or other nonfibrous material, shall weigh not less than 6.5 ounces per
square yard, shall have a thread count of not less than 72 in the warp
and 54 in the filling, and shall have a breaking strength (grab method)
of not less than 105 pounds in the warp and 70 pounds in the filling. If
it is proposed to treat the fabric with a fire-retardant substance, full
details shall be submitted to the Commandant for determination as to
what samples will be needed for testing.
(c) Tunnel strip. The tunnel strip shall be made of cotton drill
conforming to the requirements for the envelope cover.
(d) Pad covering. The covering for the fibrous glass pad inserts
shall be flexible vinyl film not less than 0.006 inch in thickness
meeting the requirements of specification L-P-375 for Type I film. Type
II, Class 1 film not less than 0.008 inch in thickness will also be
acceptable.
(e) Tie tapes and drawstrings. The tie tapes at the neck and the
lower drawstrings shall be made of 1\1/4\-inch cotton tape weighing not
less than 0.3 ounce per linear yard, and having a minimum breaking
strength of 200 pounds. The tie tapes and drawstrings shall be treated
with a mildew-inhibitor of the type specified in paragraph (j) of this
section.
(f) Body strap. The body strap shall be made of one-inch cotton
webbing having a minimum breaking strength of 400 pounds. One-inch
cotton webbing meeting the requirements of specification MIL-W-530 for
Type IIb webbing is acceptable. The complete body strap assembly shall
have a minimum breaking strength of 360 pounds. The body strap shall be
treated with a mildew-inhibitor of the type specified in paragraph (j)
of this section.
(g) Dee rings and snap hook. The dee rings and snap hook shall be
brass, bronze, or stainless steel, and of the approximate size indicated
by Dwg. No. 160.005-1, Sheet 1. The snap hook spring shall be phosphor
bronze or other suitable corrosion-resistant material. Dee ring ends
shall be welded to form a continuous ring. The webbing opening of the
snap hook shall be a continuous ring.
(h) Reinforcing tape. The reinforcing tape shall be made of \3/4\-
inch cotton tape weighing not less than 0.18 ounce per linear yard and
having a minimum breaking strength of 120 pounds, and shall be treated
with a mildew-inhibitor of the type specified in paragraph (j) of this
section.
(i) Thread. Each thread must meet the requirements of subpart
164.023 of this chapter. Only one kind of thread may be used in each
seam.
(j) Mildew-inhibitor. The mildew-inhibitor shall be
dihydroxydichloro- diphenylmethane, known commercially as Compound G-4,
applied by the aqueous method. The amount of inhibitor deposited shall
be not more than 1.50 percent and not less than 1.00 percent of the dry
weight of the finished goods.
[CGFR 58-23, 23 FR 4628, June 25, 1958, as amended by CGFR 65-16, 30 FR
10898, Aug. 21, 1965; CGD 78-012, 43 FR 27153, 27154, June 22, 1978; CGD
84-068, 58 FR 29493, May 20, 1993]
Sec. 160.005-4 Construction.
(a) General. This specification covers life preservers which
essentially consist of a vest-cut envelope containing pockets in which
are enclosed pads of buoyant material, the life preserver being fitted
with tapes and webbing to provide complete reversibility, proper
adjustment for close fit to the bodies of various size wearers, and
proper flotation characteristics to hold the wearer in an upright
backward position with head and face out of water.
(b) Envelope. The envelope shall be of not more than two pieces, one
piece for either side, cut to the pattern shown on Dwg. No. 160.005-1,
Sheet 1, for adult size, and Sheet 4, for child size, joined by seams
and stitching as shown on the drawing. A drawstring tunnel shall be
formed by stitching a strip of the tunnel strip material as shown by the
drawing. The ends of the tunnel strip shall be tucked under the
reinforcing tape stitched around the end openings so there is no direct
access to the pads from the outside. Three pockets shall be formed for
insertion of the pads. The two front pads shall be removable from the
envelope when portions of the lower longitudinal seam are opened,
[[Page 29]]
and the back pad shall be removable when a portion of one armhole seam
is opened.
(c) Pad inserts--(1) Forming, sealing, and distribution of fibrous
glass. The buoyant pad inserts shall be formed from two pieces of film
cut to the patterns shown by Dwg. No. 160.005-1, Sheet 3, for adult
size, and Sheet 5, for child size, which shall be heat-sealed tight. The
heat-sealed pad seams shall show an adhesion of not less than 8 pounds
when 1-inch strips cut across and perpendicular to the seams are pulled
apart at a rate of separation of the clamping jaws of the test machine
of 12 inches per minute. The pad inserts shall be filled with fibrous
glass distributed as follows:
Table 160.005-4(c)(1)--Distribution of Fibrous Glass in Pad Inserts
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Model 52 (minimum) Model 56 (minimum)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Front pad (2):
Lower section................. 10.00 oz. each.... 6.50 oz. each.
Upper section................. 7.25 oz. each..... 4.75 oz. each.
Back pad........................ 11.50 oz.......... 7.50 oz.
Total....................... 46.00 oz.......... 30.00 oz.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2) Displacement of pad inserts. The volume of the finished
individual heat-sealed buoyant pad inserts shall be such as to provide
buoyancy as set forth in the following table when tested in accordance
with the method set forth in Sec. 160.005-5(d), except that the period
of submergence shall be only long enough to determine the displacement
of the pads:
Table 160.005-4(c)(2)--Volume Displacement of Sealed Pads
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Model 52 Model 56
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Front pads...................... 12\1/2\ lbs. each 6\1/2\ lbs. each
[\3/4\ lb.. [\1/2\ lbs.
Back pads....................... 8 lbs. each [\1/2\ 4\1/2\ lbs. each
lb.. [\1/2\ lb.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(d) Tie tapes. The tie tapes at the neck shall extend not less than
14 inches from the edge of the adult life preserver and not less than 12
inches from the edge of the child life preserver. They shall be stitched
through both thicknesses of the envelope as shown by Dwg. No. 160.005-1,
Sheet 1, for adult size, and Sheet 4, for child size, or by the
alternate stitching shown on Sheet 2. The free ends shall be doubled
over and stitched in accordance with section E-E of Sheet 1.
(e) Drawstrings. The drawstrings at the waist shall extend not less
than 8 inches from the edge of the life preserver and shall be secured
in the drawstring tunnel as shown by Dwg. No. 160.005-1, Sheet 1, for
adult size, and Sheet 4, for child size, or by the alternate stitching
shown on Sheet 2. The free ends shall be doubled over and stitched in
accordance with section E-E of Sheet 1.
(f) Body strap. The body strap shall be fitted with a single dee
ring on one end and with the arrangement of a snap hook and prethreaded
double dee rings as shown on Dwg. No. 160.005-1, Sheet 1, on the other.
The body strap shall be stitched as shown on the drawings, and the edge
of the single dee ring shall be 20 inches from the center line for adult
size and 15 inches for child size.
(g) Reinforcing tape. Binding tape shall be stitched approximately
15 inches for adult life preservers and 12 inches for child life
preservers around the back of the neck, and also around the openings of
the drawstring tunnel and around the bottom of the arm holes as
indicated by the drawings.
(h) Stitching. All stitching shall be a short lock stitch conforming
to Stitch Type 301 of Federal Standard No. 751, and there shall be not
less than 7, nor more than 9 stitches to the inch.
(i) Workmanship. Life preservers shall be of first-class workmanship
and shall be free from any defects materially affecting their appearance
or serviceability.
[CGFR 53-25, 18 FR 7863, Dec. 5, 1953, as amended by CGFR 58-23, 23 FR
4628, June 25, 1958; CGFR 65-16, 30 FR 10898, Aug. 21, 1965]
Sec. 160.005-5 Sampling, tests, and inspections.
(a) Production tests and inspections must be conducted by the
manufacturer of a life preserver and the accepted laboratory inspector
in accordance with this section and Sec. 160.001-5.
(b) Buoyancy test. The buoyancy of the pad inserts from the life
preserver shall be determined according to Sec. 160.001-5(f) of this
part with each compartment of the buoyant pad insert covers slit so as
not to entrap air. The
[[Page 30]]
period of submersion must be at least 48 hours.
(c) Buoyancy required. The buoyant pad inserts from Model 3 adult
life preservers shall provide not less than 25 pounds buoyancy in fresh
water, and the pads from Model 5 child life preservers shall provide not
less than 16.5 pounds buoyancy.
[CGD 95-028, 62 FR 51211, Sept. 30, 1997]
Sec. 160.005-6 Marking.
Each life preserver must have the following clearly marked in
waterproof lettering on a front section:
(a) In letters three-fourths inch or more in height:
(1) Adult (for persons weighing over 90 pounds); or
(2) Child (for persons weighing less than 90 pounds).
(b) In letters capable of being read at a distance of 2 feet:
Type I--Personal Flotation Device.
Inspected and tested in accordance with U.S. Coast Guard
regulations.
Fibrous glass buoyant material provides a minimum buoyant force of
(25 lb. or 16\1/2\ lb.).
Approved for use on all vessels by persons weighing (90 lb. or more,
or less than 90 lb).
U.S. Coast Guard Approval No. 160.005/ (assigned manufacturer's
No.)/(Revision No.). (Model No.);
(Name and address of manufacturer or distributor.).
(Lot No.).
[CGD 163R, 38 FR 8118, Mar. 28, 1973, as amended by CGD 75-008, 43 FR
9770, Mar. 9, 1978]
Effective Date Note: By 79 FR 56499, Sept. 22, 2014, Sec. 160.005-
6(b) was amended by removing the words ``Type I-Personal Flotation
Device.'', effective Oct. 22, 2014.
Sec. 160.005-7 Procedure for approval.
General. Manufacturers seeking approval of a life preserver design
shall follow the procedures of subpart 159.005 of this chapter, as
explained in Sec. 160.001-3 of this part.
[CGD 95-028, 62 FR 51211, Sept. 30, 1997]
Subpart 160.006_Life Preservers: Repairing
Source: 11 FR 187, Jan. 3, 1946; 11 FR 561, Jan. 12, 1946, unless
otherwise noted.
Sec. 160.006-2 Repairing.
(a) General. No repairs, except in emergency, shall be made to an
approved life preserver without advance notice to the Officer in Charge,
Marine Inspection, of the district in which such repairs are to be made.
Emergency repairs shall be reported as soon as practicable to the
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.
(b) Kind of repairs. Except in emergency, tapes or straps may not be
repaired, but may be renewed, and small holes, tears, or rips in the
envelope cover fabric may be repaired, at the discretion of the Officer
in Charge, Marine Inspection.
Subpart 160.010_Buoyant Apparatus for Merchant Vessels
Source: CGD 79-167, 47 FR 41372, Sept. 20, 1982, unless otherwise
noted.
Sec. 160.010-1 Incorporation by reference.
(a) Certain material is incorporated by reference into this part
with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register under 5 U.S.C.
552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. To enforce any edition other than that
specified in this section, the Coast Guard must publish notice of change
in the Federal Register and the material must be available to the
public. All approved material is available for inspection at Coast Guard
Headquarters. Contact Commandant (CG-ENG-4), Attn: Lifesaving and Fire
Safety Division, U.S. Coast Guard Stop 7509, 2703 Martin Luther King Jr.
Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20593-7509. You may also inspect this
material at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For
information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-
6030 or go to http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/
code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. You may obtain copies of
the material from the sources specified in the following paragraphs.
(b) General Services Administration, Federal Acquisition Service,
Office of the FAS Commissioner, 2200 Crystal Drive, 11th Floor,
Arlington, VA 22202, 703-605-5400.
[[Page 31]]
(1) Federal Standard 595C, Colors Used in Government Procurement,
(January 16, 2008), IBR approved for Sec. 160.010-4 (``FED-STD-595C'').
(2) [Reserved]
(c) International Maritime Organization (IMO), Publications Section,
4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SR, United Kingdom, +44 (0)20 7735
7611, http://www.imo.org/.
(1) Life-Saving Appliances, including LSA Code, 2010 Edition,
(2010), pages 7-71 (``IMO LSA Code''), IBR approved for Sec. 160.010-3.
(2) Life-Saving Appliances, including LSA Code, 2010 Edition,
(2010), Revised recommendation on testing of live-saving appliances,
pages 79-254 (``IMO Revised recommendation on testing''), IBR approved
for Sec. 160.010-3.
(d) Military Specifications and Standards, Standardization Documents
Order Desk, Building 4D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-
5094, https://assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/.
(1) MIL-P-19644C, Military Specification, Plastic Molding Material
(Polystyrene Foam, Expanded Bead), (July 10, 1970), IBR approved for
Sec. 160.010-5 (``MIL-P-19644C'').
(2) MIL-P-21929B, Military Specification, Plastic Material, Cellular
Polyurethane, Foam-In-Place, Rigid (2 and 4 Pounds per Cubic Foot),
(August 11, 1969), IBR approved for Sec. 160.010-5 (``MIL-P-21929B'').
(3) MIL-P-40619A, Military Specification, Plastic Material,
Cellular, Polystyrene (For Buoyancy Applications), (December 9, 1968),
IBR approved for Sec. 160.010-5 (``MIL-P-40619A'').
(4) MIL-R-21607E(SH), Military Specification, Resins, Polyester, Low
Pressure Laminating, Fire-Retardant, (May 25, 1990), IBR approved for
Sec. 160.010-5 (``MIL-R-21607E(SH)'').
[USCG-2010-0048, 76 FR 62974, Oct. 11, 2011, as amended by USCG-2013-
0671, 78 FR 60156, Sept. 30, 2013]
Sec. 160.010-2 Definitions.
Buoyant apparatus. Buoyant apparatus is flotation equipment (other
than lifeboats, liferafts, and personal flotation devices) designed to
support a specified number of persons in the water, and of such
construction that it retains its shape and properties and requires no
adjustment or preparation for use. The types of buoyant apparatus
generally in use are the box-float type and the peripheral-body type
defined in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section.
Box-float. Box-float is buoyant apparatus of a box-like shape.
Commandant means the Commandant (CG-ENG-4), Attn: Lifesaving and
Fire Safety Division, U.S. Coast Guard Stop 7509, 2703 Martin Luther
King Jr. Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20593-7509.
Peripheral-body. Peripheral body is buoyant apparatus with a
continuous body in the shape of either an ellipse or rectangle with a
circular, elliptical, or rectangular body cross-section.
Inflatable buoyant apparatus. An inflatable buoyant apparatus is
flotation equipment that depends on inflated compartments for buoyancy
and is designed to support a specified number of persons completely out
of the water.
[CGD 79-167, 47 FR 41372, Sept. 20, 1982, as amended by CGD 95-072, 60
FR 50466, Sept. 29, 1995; CGD 96-041, 61 FR 50733, Sept. 27, 1996; CGD
85-205, 62 FR 25545, May 9, 1997; USCG-2009-0702, 74 FR 49237, Sept. 25,
2009; USCG-2010-0048, 76 FR 62974, Oct. 11, 2011; USCG-2013-0671, 78 FR
60156, Sept. 30, 2013]
Sec. 160.010-3 Inflatable buoyant apparatus.
(a) Design and performance. To obtain Coast Guard approval, an
inflatable buoyant apparatus must comply with subpart 160.151, with the
following exceptions:
(1) Canopy requirements (IMO LSA Code, Chapter IV/4.1.1.5
(incorporated by reference, see Sec. 160.010-1 of this subpart)). It
does not need a canopy.
(2) Capacity (IMO LSA Code, chapter IV/4.1.2.1). The carrying
capacity must be not less than four persons.
(3) Floor insulation (IMO LSA Code, chapter IV/4.2.2.2). The floor
may be uninsulated.
(4) Stability (IMO LSA Code, chapter IV/4.2.5.4). It does not need
stability pockets.
(5) Righting (IMO LSA Code, chapter IV/4.2.5.2). A reversible one
does not need arrangements for righting.
(6) One with a capacity of 13 or more persons must be reversible,
with the floor arranged between the buoyancy chambers so that the
apparatus can, floating either side up, accommodate the number of
persons for which it is
[[Page 32]]
approved. One with a capacity of 12 or fewer persons must either be
reversible in the same manner, or be designed so that it can be readily
righted by one person.
(7) One with a capacity of 25 or more persons must be provided with
self-bailing floor drains. If the floor of a reversible one includes one
or more drains, each drain must be arranged to completely drain the
floor of water when the device is fully loaded, and must prevent water
from flowing back onto the floor.
(8) If the buoyancy tubes are not vivid reddish orange, vivid
yellow, or a fluorescent color of a similar hue, panels of such hue must
be secured to the buoyancy chambers so that a minimum of 1 m\2\ (11
ft\2\) is visible from above the apparatus when it is floating either
side up.
(9) Boarding ramp (IMO LSA Code, chapter IV/4.2.4.1). Boarding ramps
are not required if the combined cross-section diameter of the buoyancy
chambers is 500 millimeters (mm) (19.5 in.) or less. An apparatus with a
combined cross-section diameter greater than 500 mm (19.5 in.) requires
boarding ramps as follows:
(i) For an apparatus with a capacity of less than 25 persons, at
least one ramp must be provided;
(ii) For an apparatus with a capacity of 25 or more persons, at
least two ramps must be provided; and
(iii) The boarding ramps required by this paragraph must allow
persons to board with either side of a reversible apparatus floating up,
or the full number of ramps required must be installed on each side.
(10) Boarding ladder (IMO LSA Code, chapter IV/4.2.4.2). Boarding
ladders must be provided on each inflatable buoyant apparatus as
follows:
(i) One ladder must be provided on each apparatus with a capacity of
less than 25 persons, except that, for an apparatus with a capacity of
13 or more persons that is not equipped with a boarding ramp, two
ladders must be provided.
(ii) Two ladders must be provided on each apparatus with a capacity
of 25 or more persons.
(iii) The ladders required by this paragraph must allow persons to
board with either side of a reversible apparatus floating up, or the
full number of ladders required must be installed on each side.
(11) One or more exterior canopy lamps meeting the requirements of
46 CFR 160.151-15(n) must be provided such that----
(i) On a non-reversible inflatable buoyant apparatus, one lamp is
mounted so that it is on the uppermost surface of the floating
apparatus; and
(ii) On a reversible apparatus, two lamps are mounted so that one
lamp is on the uppermost surface of the apparatus, whichever side is
floating up.
(12) Equipment. All equipment required by this paragraph must be
either packed in a container accessible to the occupants, or otherwise
secured to the apparatus. Duplicate equipment must be provided, for each
side of a reversible inflatable buoyant apparatus, if the equipment is
not accessible from both sides. In lieu of the equipment specified in
Sec. 160.151-7(b) and (IMO LSA Code, Chapter IV/4.1.5), each apparatus
must be provided with----
(i) Rescue quoit and heaving line. One rescue quoit and a heaving
line as described in Sec. 160.151-21(a) on each apparatus with a
capacity of less than 25 persons; or two on each apparatus for a
capacity of 25 or more persons. The heaving line(s) must be mounted
adjacent to a boarding ramp (or boarding ladder, if no ramps are
installed), and ready for immediate use;
(ii) Knives. Two buoyant safety knives ready for use near the
painter attachment;
(iii) Bailer. One bailer as described in Sec. 160.151-21(c) on each
apparatus with a capacity of less than 25 persons; or two bailers on
each apparatus with a capacity of 25 or more persons, except that no
bailers are necessary if both sides of the floor of a reversible
apparatus are equipped with drains;
(iv) Sponge. One sponge as described in Sec. 160.151-21(d) on each
apparatus with a capacity of less than 25 persons, or two sponges on
each apparatus with a capacity of 25 or more persons;
(v) Paddles. Two paddles as described in Sec. 160.151-21(f) on each
apparatus with a capacity of less than 25 persons, or four paddles on
each apparatus with a capacity of 25 or more persons;
[[Page 33]]
(vi) Flashlight. One flashlight with spare batteries as described in
Sec. 160.151-21(m);
(vii) Signaling mirror. One signaling mirror as described in
Sec. 160.151-21(o);
(viii) Repair outfit. One set of sealing clamps or plugs as
described in Sec. 160.151-21(y)(1);
(ix) Pump or bellows. One pump or bellows as described in
Sec. 160.151-21(z); and
(x) Sea anchor. One sea anchor as described in Sec. 160.151-21(e),
attached so as to be readily deployable when the apparatus inflates.
(13) Marking and labeling. Marking and labeling of inflatable
buoyant apparatus must be in accordance with the requirements of
Sec. 160.151-33, as well as IMO LSA Code, chapter IV/4.2.6.3 and
4.2.7.1.6, except that the device must be identified as an ``INFLATABLE
BUOYANT APPARATUS'', and no ``SOLAS'' markings shall be placed on the
container of the apparatus. The capacity marking specified in IMO LSA
Code, chapter IV/4.2.7.1.6 must be applied to the top of each buoyancy
tube.
(14) Drop test. The drop test required under paragraph 1/5.1 of IMO
Revised recommendation on testing (incorporated by reference, see
Sec. 160.010-1 of this subpart) and Sec. 160.151-27(a) may be from a
lesser height, if that height is the maximum height of stowage marked on
the container.
(15) Loading and seating test. For the loading and seating test
required under paragraph 1/5.7 of IMO Revised recommendation on testing
and Sec. 160.151-27(a), the loaded freeboard of the apparatus must be
not less than 200 mm (8 in.).
(16) Cold-inflation test. The cold-inflation test required under
paragraph 1/5.17.3.3.2 of IMO Revised recommendation on testing and
Sec. 160.151-27(a) must be conducted at a test temperature of -18 C (0
F).
(b) Production inspections and tests. Production inspections and
tests for inflatable buoyant apparatus must be performed in accordance
with the applicable requirements of Sec. 160.151-31.
(c) Servicing. Inflatable buoyant apparatus must be serviced
periodically at approved servicing facilities in accordance with the
applicable requirements of Sec. Sec. 160.151-35 through 160.151-57.
(d) Instruction placard. An instruction placard meeting the
requirements of Sec. 160.151-59(c), giving simple procedures and
illustrations for inflating, launching, and boarding the inflatable
buoyant apparatus, must be made available to the operator or master of
each vessel on which the apparatus is to be carried.
(e) Requirements for ``open reversible liferafts'' Annex 11 to IMO
Res. MSC.97(73). To be approved as meeting the requirements for open
reversible liferafts in Annex 11 to IMO Res. MSC.97(73), an inflatable
buoyant apparatus must meet all of the requirements in paragraphs (a)
through (d) of this section, with the following exceptions:
(1) The apparatus must be reversible regardless of size.
(2) The surface of the buoyancy tubes must be of a non-slip
material. At least 25 percent of the surface of the buoyancy tubes must
meet the color requirements of Sec. 160.151-15(e).
(3) The length of the painter should be such that the apparatus
inflates automatically upon reaching the water.
(4) An additional bowsing-in line must be fitted to an apparatus
with a capacity of more than 30 persons.
(5) The apparatus must be fitted with boarding ramps regardless of
size.
(6) An apparatus with a capacity of 30 or fewer persons must be
fitted with at least one floor drain.
(7) In addition to the equipment specified in Sec. 160.010-3(a)(12),
the apparatus must be provided with----
(i) Sponge. One additional sponge as described in Sec. 160.151-21(d)
on each apparatus with a capacity of less than 25 persons;
(ii) First-aid kit. A first-aid kit approved by the Commandant under
approval series 160.054;
(iii) Whistle. A ball-type or multi-tone whistle of corrosion-
resistant construction;
(iv) Hand flares. Two hand flares approved by the Commandant under
approval series 160.121.
(8) Marking and labeling of the apparatus must be in accordance with
Sec. 160.151-33, except that the device must
[[Page 34]]
be identified as a ``NON-SOLAS REVERSIBLE'', and the equipment pack must
be identified as an ``HSC Pack''.
(9) Stability. It must be fitted with stability pockets, in
accordance with IMO LSA Code Chapter IV/4.2.5.4.
[CGD 85-205, 62 FR 25545, May 9, 1997, as amended by USCG-2010-0048, 76
FR 62974, Oct. 11, 2011]
Sec. 160.010-4 General requirements for buoyant apparatus.
(a) Each buoyant apparatus must be capable of passing the tests in
Sec. 160.010-7.
(b) Materials not covered in this subpart must be of good quality
and suitable for the purpose intended.
(c) Buoyant apparatus must be effective and stable, floating either
side up.
(d) Each buoyant apparatus must be of such size and strength that it
can be handled without the use of mechanical appliances, and its weight
must not exceed 185 kg (400 lb.).
(e) The buoyant material must be as near as possible to the sides of
the apparatus.
(f) Each buoyant apparatus must have a life line securely attached
around the outside, festooned in bights no longer than 1 m (3 ft.), with
a seine float in each bight, unless the line is of an inherently buoyant
material and absorbs little or no water. The life line must be at least
10 mm (\3/8\ in.) diameter and have a breaking strength of at least 5400
N (1215 lb.).
(g) Pendants must be fitted approximately 450 mm (18 in.) apart
around the outside of each buoyant apparatus. Each pendant must be at
least 6 mm (\1/4\ in.) diameter, at least 3.5 m (12 ft.) long, secured
in the middle, and have a breaking strength of at least 2400 N (540
lb.). Each pendant must be made up in a hank, and the hank secured by
not more than two turns of light twine.
(h) Each peripheral body type buoyant apparatus without a net or
platform on the inside must also have a life line and pendants around
the inside.
(i) Synthetic line or webbing must not be used unless it is of a
type represented by its manufacturer as ultraviolet light resistant, or
it is pigmented in a dark color. A typical method of securing lifelines
and pendants to straps of webbing is shown in Figure 160.010-3(i). If
webbing is used to secure life lines and pendants, it must be at least
50 mm (2 in.) wide and must have a breaking strength of at least 3.4 kN
(750 lb.) for apparatus of under 25 persons capacity, and 6.7 kN (1,500
lb.) for apparatus of 25 persons capacity and higher.
[[Page 35]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03MR91.000
(j) Buoyant apparatus must have a fitting with an inside diameter of
at least 50 mm (2 in.) for the attachment of a painter.
(k) Each edge and exposed corner must be well rounded. Buoyant
apparatus with a rectangular cross-section must have corners rounded to
a radius of at least 75 mm (3 in.).
[[Page 36]]
(l) Buoyant apparatus must not have any evident defects in
workmanship.
(m) Each metal part of a buoyant apparatus must be----
(1) 410 stainless steel or have salt water and salt air corrosion
characteristics equal or superior to 410 stainless steel; and
(2) Galvanically compatible with each other metal part in contact
with it.
(n) The color of the buoyant apparatus must be primarily vivid
reddish orange as defined by sections 13 and 14 of FED-STD-595C
(incorporated by reference, see Sec. 160.010-1 of this subpart).
(o) When fibrous-glass-reinforced plastic is used in the
construction of a buoyant apparatus, each cut edge of laminate must be
protected from entry of moisture by resin putty or an equivalent method.
(p) Each buoyant apparatus must have Type II retroreflective
material meeting subpart 164.018 of this chapter on each side and end.
The material must be in strips at least 50 mm (2 in.) wide extending
from top to bottom over the side or end and continuing over the top and
bottom surfaces of the apparatus. For peripheral body apparatus, each
strip must extend completely over the top and bottom surface of the
body. For box type apparatus, the strip must extend at least 300 mm (12
in.) inboard from the edge over the top and bottom surface. Each strip
must be positioned near the center of the side or end, but so that it is
not obscured by any strap. A typical arrangement is shown in Figure
160.010-3(p).
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03MR91.001
[CGD 79-167, 47 FR 41372, Sept. 20, 1982. Redesignated by CGD 85-205, 62
FR 25545, May 9, 1997; USCG-2010-0048, 76 FR 62974, Oct. 11, 2011]
Sec. 160.010-5 Buoyant apparatus with plastic foam buoyancy.
(a) Buoyant apparatus with plastic foam buoyancy must have a plastic
foam body with an external protective covering. The body may be
reinforced as necessary to meet the tests in Sec. 160.010-7.
(b) Plastic foam used in the construction of buoyant apparatus must
be a unicellular type accepted by the Commandant (CG-ENG-4) as meeting
one of the following:
(1) Subpart 164.015 of this chapter.
(2) MIL-P-19644C (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 160.010-1 of
this subpart).
(3) MIL-P-21929B (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 160.010-1 of
this subpart).
(4) MIL-P-40619A (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 160.010-1 of
this subpart).
(c) The external protective covering must be----
(1) Fibrous-glass-reinforced plastic, constructed of a polyester
resin listed on the current Qualified Products List for MIL-P-21607E(SH)
(incorporated by reference, see Sec. 160.010-1 of this subpart), or
accepted by the Commandant (CG-ENG-4) as meeting MIL-P-21607;
(2) Elastomeric vinyl accepted by the Commandant (CG-ENG-4) as
meeting Sec. 160.055-3(j) of this chapter; or
[[Page 37]]
(3) Any other material accepted by the Commandant (CG-ENG-4) as
providing equivalent protection for the body of the apparatus.
[CGD 79-167, 47 FR 41372, Sept. 20, 1982, as amended by CGD 95-072, 60
FR 50466, Sept. 29, 1995; CGD 96-041, 61 FR 50733, Sept. 27, 1996.
Redesignated by CGD 85-205, 62 FR 25545, May 9, 1997. Amended by USCG-
2009-0702, 74 FR 49237, Sept. 25, 2009; USCG-2010-0048, 76 FR 62975,
Oct. 11, 2011]
Sec. 160.010-6 Capacity of buoyant apparatus.
(a) The number of persons for which a buoyant apparatus is approved
must be the lowest number determined by the following methods:
(1) Final buoyancy of the buoyant apparatus in Newtons after the
watertight integrity test as described in Sec. 160.010-7 (e) and (f),
divided by 145 (divided by 32 if buoyancy is measured in pounds). The
divisor must be changed to 180 (40 if buoyancy is measured in pounds) if
the apparatus is designed so that persons supported are only partially
immersed or where facilities are provided for climbing on top of the
apparatus.
(2) Number of 300 mm (1 ft.) increments in the outside perimeter of
the buoyant apparatus. The inside edge of peripheral-body type buoyant
apparatus is not considered in determining the capacity.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.010-7 Methods of sampling, inspections and tests.
(a) General. Production tests must be conducted under the procedures
in subpart 159.007 of this chapter. An inspector from the independent
laboratory must inspect the place of manufacture, observe the various
operations involved in the construction process and determine that
buoyant apparatus are made in accordance with this subpart and of
materials and parts conforming strictly with the plans and
specifications submitted by the manufacturer and approved by the
Commandant (CG-ENG-4).
(b) Sampling of production lots. A production lot must consist of
not more than 300 buoyant apparatus of the same design and capacity
manufactured by one factory. Samples for production tests must be
selected at random from each lot. The required sample size for various
lot sizes is given in Table 160.010-7(b).
Table 160.010-7(b)--Sample Size for Various Lot Sizes
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sample
Lot size size
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 to 30....................................................... 1
31 to 60...................................................... 2
61 to 90...................................................... 3
91 to 300..................................................... 4
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(c) Testing of sample buoyant apparatus from production lots. Each
sample buoyant apparatus selected for test from a production lot must be
subjected to the tests described in paragraphs (d) through (g) of this
section. The stability test in paragraph (h) must be performed whenever
a question of stability arises.
(d) Strength tests. The buoyant apparatus tested for approval must
be subjected to the drop test. Buoyant apparatus tested for production
lot inspections must also be subjected to the drop test except that in
the case of peripheral body type apparatus, the beam loading test may be
substituted.
(1) Drop test. Drop the complete sample buoyant apparatus into still
water from a height of 18 m (60 ft.) twice, once flat and once endwise.
There must be no damage that would render the apparatus unserviceable.
(2) Beam loading test. The buoyant apparatus must be stood on edge
on one of its longer sides. A wood block 600 mm (24 in.) long and wide
enough to cover the body of the apparatus must be centered on the top
edge of the apparatus. A loading beam must be set at right angles to the
float at a height so that the beam is in a horizontal position with its
center on the center of the wood block. The loading beam must be hinged
at one end and a load applied at the other end at a uniform rate of 225
kg (500 lb.) per minute until the load at the end of the beam as shown
on Table 160.010-7(d)(2) is reached. The beam is then held stationary
for 10 minutes. The device used to apply the load must be a chain fall,
hydraulic cylinder or other device that allows the device to unload as
the
[[Page 38]]
strain on the buoyant apparatus relieves. At the end of the 10 minute
period, the drop in the load on the device must not exceed the maximum
permissible drop shown in Table 160.010-7(d)(2). If the buoyant
apparatus is not one of the sizes listed in the table, the loads must be
determined by linear interpolation.
Note: Because of the lever ratio of the beam loading apparatus
described here, the actual loads applied to the apparatus are twice the
loads shown in the Table.
Table 160.010-7(d)(2)--Beam Loading Test
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum
Test load permissible
Size of buoyant apparatus (persons) (kg (lb.)) drop (kg
(lb.))
------------------------------------------------------------------------
60........................................... 2,400 120 (264)
(5,280)
40........................................... 1,800 90 (198)
(3,960)
25........................................... 1,500 75 (165)
(3,300)
15........................................... 1,200 60 (132)
(2,640)
10........................................... 900 (1,980) 45 (100)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(e) Buoyancy test. Known weights are loaded on the sample buoyant
apparatus until it is awash. The buoyancy is the downward force exerted
by the weights loaded on the apparatus. A raised platform of known
weight having two runners on edge spaced so as to bear on the apparatus
may be used to support the weights out of water to avoid the necessity
for making allowances for the displacement of submerged weights. This
test is not a required production test if the manufacturer----
(1) Uses the same plastic buoyancy foam used in previous production
lots,
(2) Determines that the density of each batch of foam used is within
a range specified on the approved plans, and
(3) Closely controls the amount of foam used in each apparatus.
(f) Watertight integrity test. The buoyant apparatus is submerged
for 24 hours at a depth of 3 m (10 ft.) or equivalent water pressure.
The final buoyancy of the buoyant apparatus is determined in accordance
with paragraph (e) of this section. The final buoyancy must be at least
145 N (32 lb.) per person capacity of the buoyant apparatus or 180 N (40
lb.) per person capacity if the apparatus is designed so that persons
supported are only partially immersed or if facilities are provided for
climbing on top of the apparatus. The loss of buoyancy must not exceed 5
percent of the initial buoyancy. This test is not a required production
test if the manufacturer uses the plastic buoyancy foam controls
permitted as an alternative to the buoyancy test in paragraph (e) of
this section.
(g) Painter attachment strength test. The apparatus must be
positioned with its painter attachment fitting at the lowest point of
the apparatus, directly below the center of buoyancy. The apparatus must
be suspended in this position from the highest side. A load equal to
twice the buoyancy of the apparatus must be suspended from the painter
attachment fitting for 10 minutes. The fitting must remain firmly
attached to the buoyant apparatus and the apparatus must not sustain any
visible damage.
(h) Stability test. With the sample buoyant apparatus floating in
water, a weight of 22.5 kg of iron per meter of length (15 lb. per foot)
must be suspended in the water from the life lines along one of the
longer edges. The same test must be performed along one of the shorter
edges. The minimum weight along any one edge must be 27 kg (60 lb.). The
buoyant apparatus must neither capsize nor become partially awash under
either of these tests.
(i) Weight test. One buoyant apparatus of the lot submitted for
approval must be weighed. The weight of the complete buoyant apparatus
must be within the limit required in Sec. 160.010-3(d).
(j) Lot acceptance or rejection. Inability of a sample buoyant
apparatus to pass any one or more of the tests required in this section
causes rejection of the lot. Each buoyant apparatus in a rejected lot
must be reworked by the manufacturer to correct the defects found before
the lot is resubmitted for inspection and testing.
[CGD 79-167, 47 FR 41372, Sept. 20, 1982, as amended by CGD 95-072, 60
FR 50466, Sept. 29, 1995; CGD 96-041, 61 FR 50733, Sept. 27, 1996; USCG-
2009-0702, 74 FR 49237, Sept. 25, 2009; USCG-2010-0048, 76 FR 62975,
Oct. 11, 2011; USCG-2014-0688, 79 FR 58285, Sept. 29, 2014]
Sec. 160.010-8 Nameplate and marking.
(a) A substantial nameplate must be permanently attached to each
buoyant
[[Page 39]]
apparatus. The nameplate must contain the name of the manufacturer, lot
designation or serial number, approval number, dimensions, and number of
persons capacity. Space must be provided for the date, and the
identification of the independent laboratory.
(b) The nameplates of buoyant apparatus accepted must be marked with
the identification of the independent laboratory and the date.
Sec. 160.010-9 Procedure for approval.
(a) A buoyant apparatus is approved by the Coast Guard under the
procedures in subpart 159.005 of this chapter.
(b) The test required for approval are those in Sec. 160.010-7, and
must be performed on the first production lot of buoyant apparatus
produced by the manufacturer.
Sec. 160.010-10 Independent laboratory.
(a) The approval and production tests in this subpart must be
conducted by an independent laboratory accepted by the Coast Guard under
subpart 159.010 of this chapter.
(b) [Reserved]
Subparts 160.011-160.012 [Reserved]
Subpart 160.013_Hatchets (Lifeboat and Liferaft) for Merchant Vessels
Sec. 160.013-1 Applicable specification and plan.
(a) Specification. The following specification, of the issue in
effect on the date hatchets are manufactured, forms a part of this
subpart:
(1) Federal Specification:
GGG-A-926--Axes.
(b) Plan. The following plan, of the issue in effect on the date
hatchets are manufactured, forms a part of this subpart:
(1) Dwg. No. 160.013-1 (b)--Hatchet (Lifeboat and Life Raft).
(c) Copy on file. A copy of the specification and plan referred to
in this section shall be kept on file by the manufacturer, together with
the approved plans and certificate of approval. They shall be kept for a
period consisting of the duration of approval and 6 months after
termination of approval. The Federal specification may be purchased from
the Business Service Center, General Services Administration,
Washington, DC, 20407. The Coast Guard plan may be obtained upon request
from the Coast Guard Headquarters. Contact Commandant (CG-ENG-4), Attn:
Lifesaving and Fire Safety Division, U.S. Coast Guard Stop 7509, 2703
Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20593-7509.
[CGFR 49-43, 15 FR 116, Jan. 11, 1950, as amended by CGFR 61-23, 26 FR
5758, June 28, 1961; CGFR 65-16, 30 FR 10898, Aug. 21, 1965; CGD 88-070,
53 FR 34535, Sept. 7, 1988; USCG-2013-0671, 78 FR 60156, Sept. 30, 2013]
Sec. 160.013-2 Type and size.
(a) Type. Hatchets specified by this subpart shall be Type I, Class
I, Design D or E, as described in Federal Specification GGG-A-926, but
other hatchets equal in strength and construction will be given special
consideration.
(b) Size. Hatchets specified by this subpart shall be of one size,
and the dimensions shall be approximately in conformance with Drawing
No. 160.013-1(b).
[CGFR 49-43, 15 FR 116, Jan. 11, 1950, as amended by CGFR 61-23, 26 FR
5759, June 28, 1961]
Sec. 160.013-3 Materials, workmanship, and construction details.
(a) General. All materials, workmanship, and construction details
shall be in substantial compliance with the provisions of Federal
Specification GGG-A-926, except as provided for in this subpart.
(b) Handle. A \1/2\-inch diameter hole shall be bored in the hatchet
handle in the approximate location shown on DWG No. 160.013-1(b), and
the edges of the hole on both sides of the handle shall be rounded off
to remove rough edges.
(c) Lanyard. Hatchets specified by this subpart shall be provided
with a lanyard of \1/4\-inch diameter, 3-strand rope-laid line not less
than 6 feet in length. Lanyards shall be cotton, jute, or other suitable
material. The lanyard shall be attached to the hatchet by threading one
end through the hole in the hatchet handle and securing the
[[Page 40]]
rope end by splicing or by a bowline or other suitable knot.
(d) Sheath. No sheaths are to be provided for hatchets specified by
this subpart.
[CGFR 49-43, 15 FR 116, Jan. 11, 1950, as amended by CGFR 61-23, 26 FR
5759, June 28, 1961]
Sec. 160.013-5 Marking.
(a) General. Hatchets specified by this subpart shall be stamped or
otherwise permanently marked in a legible manner on the side of the head
with the manufacturer's name or with a trade mark of such known
character that the source of manufacture may be readily determined, and
with the manufacturer's type or size designation.
(b) [Reserved]
[CGFR 49-43, 15 FR 116, Jan. 11, 1950]
Subpart 160.015 [Reserved]
Subpart 160.016_Lamps, Safety, Flame, for Merchant Vessels
Source: CGFR 50-12, 15 FR 3093, May 20, 1950, unless otherwise
noted.
Sec. 160.016-1 Applicable specification.
(a) The following specification of the issue in effect on the date
flame safety lamps are manufactured forms a part of this subpart:
(1) Military specification:
MIL-L-1204, Lamps, Safety, Flame.
(b) A copy of the above specification shall be kept on file by the
manufacturer together with the approved plan and certificate of approval
issued by the Coast Guard.
Sec. 160.016-2 Requirements.
(a) Flame safety lamps for use on merchant vessels shall comply with
the construction requirements of Military Specification MIL-L-1204.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.016-4 Marking.
(a) Flame safety lamps shall be permanently and legibly marked with
the name and address of the manufacturer and the type or model
designation for the lamp.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.016-5 Procedure for approval.
(a) General. Flame safety lamps are approved for use on merchant
vessels only by the Commandant (CG-ENG-4), Attn: Lifesaving and Fire
Safety Division, U.S. Coast Guard Stop 7509, 2703 Martin Luther King Jr.
Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20593-7509. Correspondence relating to the
subject matter of this specification shall be addressed to the Commander
of the Coast Guard District in which such devices are manufactured.
(b) Pre-approval sample and plan. In order to apply for approval of
a flame safety lamp for use on merchant vessels, submit one complete
sample, together with four copies of an arrangement plan (parts drawings
are not required), together with a statement that the lamp meets the
construction requirements of Military Specification MIL-L-1204, as
amended, to the Commander of the Coast Guard District who will forward
same to the Commandant for determination as to its suitability for use
on merchant vessels.
[CGFR 50-12, 15 FR 3093, May 20, 1950, as amended by USCG-2013-0671, 78
FR 60156, Sept. 30, 2013]
Subpart 160.017_Chain Ladder
Source: CGD 74-140, 46 FR 63286, Dec. 31, 1981, unless otherwise
noted.
Sec. 160.017-1 Scope.
(a) This subpart contains standards and approval and production
tests for chain ladders used on a merchant vessel to get on and off the
vessel in an emergency.
(b) The requirements in this subpart apply to a chain ladder
designed for use along a vertical portion of a vessel's hull.
Sec. 160.017-7 Independent laboratory.
The approval and production tests in this subpart must be conducted
by or under the supervision of an independent laboratory accepted by the
Coast Guard under subpart 159.010 of this chapter.
Sec. 160.017-9 Approval procedure.
(a) General. A chain ladder is approved by the Coast Guard under the
[[Page 41]]
procedures in subpart 159.005 of this chapter.
(b) Approval testing. Each approval test must be conducted in
accordance with Sec. 160.017-21.
(c) Approval of alternatives. A chain ladder that does not meet the
materials, construction, or performance requirements of this subpart may
be approved if the application and any approval tests prescribed by the
Commandant in place of or in addition to the approval tests required by
this subpart, show that the alternative materials, construction, or
performance is at least as effective as that specified by the
requirements of this subpart. The Commandant may also prescribe
different production tests if the tests required by this subpart are not
appropriate for the alternative ladder configuration.
Sec. 160.017-11 Materials.
(a) Suspension members. Each suspension member of a chain ladder
must be a continuous length of non-kinking chain, such as single loop
lock link coil chain, with a minimum breaking strength of at least 16 kN
(3,560 lbs.).
(b) Metal parts. Each metal part of a ladder must be made of
corrosion-resistant metal or of steel galvanized by the hot dip process
after the part is formed. If the ends of galvanized fasteners are peened
over to lock them in place, a corrosion resisting surface treatment must
be applied to each peened surface.
(c) Wooden parts. Each wooden part of a ladder must be made of
hardwood that is free of defects affecting its strength or durability.
(d) Wood preservative. After each wooden part is formed and
finished, it must be treated with water-repellant wood preservative that
is properly applied.
(e) Lashing rings. The inside diameter of each lashing ring must be
at least 75 mm (3 in.). Each lashing ring must have a minimum breaking
strength of at least 16 kN (3,560 lbs.).
Sec. 160.017-13 Construction.
(a) General. Each chain ladder must have two suspension members.
Each step in the ladder must be supported at each end by a suspension
member.
(b) Suspension member. The distance between the two suspension
members must be at least 400 mm (16 in.), but not more than 480 mm (19
in.). The chain between each top lashing ring and the first step must be
long enough so that the distance between the center of the lashing ring
and the top of the first step is approximately 600 mm (24 in.).
(c) Lashing rings. A lashing ring must be securely attached to the
top and bottom of each suspension member. The means of attachment must
be at least as strong as the chain and the lashing ring.
(d) Thimble or wear plate. A thimble or wear plate must be attached
to the chain where it can slide on its connections to the lashing rings.
(e) Steps. Each step of a ladder must have two rungs arranged to
provide a suitable handhold and stepping surface. The distance between
steps must be uniform. This distance must be between 300 mm (12 in.) and
380 mm (15 in.).
(f) Rungs. Step rungs must meet the following requirements:
(1) Each rung must be wooden, or a material of equivalent strength,
durability, handhold, and step surface characteristics.
(2) In order to provide a suitable handhold and step surface, the
width of each rung must be at least 40 mm (1\1/2\ in.) and the thickness
must be at least 25 mm (1 in.), but not more than 40 mm (1\1/2\ in.).
(3) The distance between the rungs in each step must be uniform.
This distance must be between 40 mm (1\1/2\ in.) and 65 mm (2\1/2\ in.).
(4) Each rung must be attached to a spacer ear by a method that
prevents the rung from rotating and that supports it in a horizontal
position when the ladder is hung vertically.
(g) Spacer ears. Spacer ears must meet the following requirements:
(1) All spacer ears on a ladder must be the same size and shape.
(2) The top and bottom of each spacer ear must be attached to a
suspension member.
(3) The top point of attachment must be at least 100 mm (4 in.)
above the top surfaces of the rungs attached to the spacer ear.
[[Page 42]]
(4) Each spacer ear made of sheet metal must have features such as
formed ribs, rolled flange edges, and stress relief holes at the ends of
cuts, to prevent the ear from bending or tearing.
(h) Fasteners. Each fastening device must have a means to prevent
the device from loosening.
(i) Workmanship. A ladder must not have splinters, burrs, sharp
edges, corners, projections, or other defects that could injure a person
using the ladder.
Sec. 160.017-15 Performance.
(a) Each chain ladder must be capable of being rolled up for
storage.
(b) Each ladder when rolled up must be able to unroll freely and
hang vertically.
Sec. 160.017-17 Strength.
(a) Each chain ladder must be designed to pass the approval tests in
Sec. 160.17-21.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.017-21 Approval tests.
(a) General. Each approval test must be conducted on a ladder of the
longest length for which approval has been requested. If a ladder fails
one of the tests in this section, the cause of the failure must be
identified and any needed changes made. After a test failure and any
design change, the failed test, and any other previously completed tests
affected by the design change, must be rerun.
(b) Visual examination. Before starting the tests described in this
section, an assembled chain ladder is examined for evidence of
noncompliance with the requirements in Sec. Sec. 160.017.11, 160.017-13,
and 160.017-15.
(c) The following approval tests must be conducted:
(1) Strength test #1. An assembled ladder is supported so that a
static load, if placed on any of its steps, would exert a force both on
the step and each suspension member. A static load of 315 kg (700 lb.)
is then placed on one step for at least one minute. The load must be
uniformly distributed over a contact surface that is approximately 100
mm (4 in.) wide. The center of the contact surface must be at the center
of the step. This test is performed on six different steps. No step may
break, crack, or incur any deformation that remains after the static
load is removed. No attachment between any step and a suspension member
may loosen or break during this test.
(2) Strength test #2. A ladder is suspended vertically to its full
length from its top lashing rings. A static load of 900 kg (2000 lbs.)
is then applied to the bottom lashing rings so that it is distributed
equally between the suspension members. The suspension members, lashing
rings, and spacer ears must not break, incur any elongation or
deformation that remains after the test load is removed, or be damaged
in any other way during this test.
(3) Strength test #3. A rolled-up ladder is attached by its top
lashing rings to anchoring fixtures in a location away from any wall or
structure that would prevent it from falling freely, and where it can
hang to its full length vertically. The ladder when dropped must unroll
freely. When unrolling the ladder, its steps and attachments must not
become cracked, broken, or loosened. Other similar damage making the
ladder unsafe to use must likewise not occur.
Sec. 160.017-25 Marking.
(a) Each chain ladder step manufactured under Coast Guard approval
must be branded or otherwise permanently and legibly marked on the
bottom with----
(1) The name of the manufacturer;
(2) The manufacturer's brand or model designation;
(3) The lot number and date of manufacture; and
(4) The Coast Guard approval number.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.017-27 Production tests and examination.
(a) General. Each ladder manufactured under Coast Guard approval
must be tested in accordance with this section and subpart 159.007 of
this chapter. Steps that fail testing may not be marked with the Coast
Guard approval number and each assembled ladder that fails testing may
not be sold as Coast Guard approved.
[[Page 43]]
(b) Test #1: Steps. Steps must be separated into lots of 100 steps
or less. One step from each lot must be selected at random and tested as
described in Sec. 106.017-21(c)(1), except that the step may be
supported at the points where it would be attached to suspension members
in an assembled ladder. If the step fails the test, ten more steps must
be selected at random from the lot and tested. If one or more of the ten
steps fails the test, each step in the lot must be tested.
(c) Test #2: Ladders. Assembled ladders must be separated into lots
of 20 ladders or less One ladder must be selected at random from the
ladders in the lot. The ladder selected must be at least 3 m (10 ft.)
long or, if each ladder in the lot is less than 3 m long, a ladder of
the longest length in the lot must be selected. The ladder must be
tested as prescribed in Sec. 160.017-21(c)(2), except that only a 3 m
section of the ladder need be subjected to the static load. If the
ladder fails the test each other ladder in the lot must be tested.
(d) Independent laboratory. Each production test must be conducted
or supervised by an independent laboratory. However, if a test is
performed more than 4 different times per year, laboratory participation
is required only 4 times per year. If the laboratory does not
participate in all tests, the times of laboratory participation must be
as selected by the laboratory. The times selected must provide for
effective monitoring throughout the production schedule.
(e) Visual examination. The visual examination described in
Sec. 160.017-21(b) must be conducted as a part of each production test.
Subpart 160.021_Hand Red Flare Distress Signals
Source: CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73060, Dec. 17, 1979, unless
otherwise noted.
Sec. 160.021-1 Incorporation by reference.
(a) The following is incorporated by reference into this subpart:
(1) ``The Universal Color Language'' and ``The Color Names
Dictionary'' in Color: Universal Language and Dictionary of Names,
National Bureau of Standards Special Publication 440, December 1976.
(b) NBS Special Publication 440 may be obtained by ordering from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, DC 20402 (Order by SD Catalog No. C13.10:440).
(c) Approval to incorporate by reference the publication listed in
this section was obtained from the Director of the Federal Register on
November 1, 1979. The publication is on file at the Federal Register
Library.
Sec. 160.021-2 Type.
(a) Hand red flare distress signals specified by this subpart shall
be of one type which shall consist essentially of a wooden handle to
which is attached a tubular casing having a sealing plug at the handle
end, the casing being filled with a flare composition and having a
button of ignition material at the top, with a removable cap having a
friction striking material on its top which may be exposed for use by
pulling a tear strip. The flare is ignited by scraping the friction
striker on top of the cap against the igniter button on top of the
flare. The general arrangement of the flare is shown by Figure No.
160.021-2(a). Alternate arrangements which conform to all the
performance requirements of this specification (and other arrangements
which conform with all performance requirements except candlepower and
burning time, but provide not less than 3,000 candela-minutes with a
minimum of \1/3\ minute burning time) will be given special
consideration.
[[Page 44]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03MR91.002
[[Page 45]]
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.021-3 Materials, workmanship, construction and performance
requirements.
(a) Materials. The materials shall conform strictly to the
specifications and drawings submitted by the manufacturer and approved
by the Commandant. The color of the tube shall be red. Flare
compositions containing sulphur shall not contain more than 2.6 percent
of potassium chlorate or an equivalent amount of any other chlorate.
Flare compositions containing chlorates in any quantity shall not
contain any ammonium salts.
(b) Workmanship. Hand red flare distress signals shall be of first
class workmanship and shall be free from imperfections of manufacture
affecting their appearance or that may affect their serviceability.
Moistureproof coatings shall be applied uniformly and shall be free from
pinholes or other visible defects which would impair their usefulness.
(c) Construction. The casing shall be fitted and secured to the
handle with not less than a 25 mm (1 in.) overlap and shall be attached
to the handle in such a manner that failure of the joint will not occur
during tests, ignition, or operation. The plug shall be securely affixed
in the casing to separate the flare composition from the wooden handle.
The flare composition shall be thoroughly mixed and be uniformly
compressed throughout to preclude variations of density which may
adversely affect uniformity of its burning characteristics. The cap
shall have a lap fit of not less than 25 mm (1 in.) over the end of the
casing and flare composition to entirely and securely protect the
exposed surface of the igniter button and end of flare composition and
casing, and shall have an inner shoulder so constructed that it is
mechanically impossible for the inner surface of the cap to come in
contact with the igniter button. The cap shall be securely attached to
the casing in such manner as to preclude its accidental detachment. The
cap shall be provided on its top with a friction striking material which
shall, by a pull of the tear strip, be entirely exposed for striking the
friction igniter button. The igniter button shall be non-water soluble
or be protected from moisture by a coating of some waterproof substance,
and shall be raised or exposed in such manner as to provide positive
ignition by the friction striker. The igniter button shall be firmly
secured in or on the top of the flare composition; the arrangement shall
be such that the ignition will be transmitted to the flare composition.
The assembled flare, consisting of tear strip, cap, casing, and handle,
shall be sealed and treated to protect the flare from deterioration by
moisture. The protective waterproof coating shall be applied so none
adheres to the friction striking surface. Special consideration will be
given to alternate waterproofing of the signal by means of a water-
resistant coating on the signal plus packaging in a sealed plastic
waterproof bag satisfactory to the Commandant.
(d) Performance. Signals shall meet all the inspection and test
requirements contained in Sec. 160.021-4.
Sec. 160.021-4 Approval and production tests.
(a) Approval tests. The manufacturer must produce a lot of at least
100 signals from which samples must be taken for testing for approval
under Sec. 160.021-7. The approval tests are the operational tests and
technical tests in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section. The approval
tests must be conducted by an independent laboratory accepted by the
Commandant under Sec. 159.010 of this Chapter.
(b) Production inspections and tests. Production inspections and
tests of each lot of signals produced must be conducted under the
procedures in Sec. 159.007 of this chapter. Signals from a rejected lot
must not be represented as meeting this subpart or as being approved by
the Coast Guard. If the manufacturer identifies the cause of the
rejection of a lot of signals, the signals in the lot may be reworked by
the manufacturer to correct the problem. Samples from the rejected lot
must be retested in order to be accepted. Records shall be kept of the
reasons for rejection, the reworking performed on the rejected lot, and
the results of the second test.
[[Page 46]]
(1) Lot size. For the purposes of sampling the production of
signals, a lot must consist of not more than 30,000 signals. Lots must
be numbered serially by the manufacturer. A new lot must be started
with: (i) Any change in construction details, (ii) any change in sources
of raw materials, or (iii) the start of production on a new production
line or on a previously discontinued production line.
(2) Inspections and tests by the manufacturer. The manufacturer's
quality control procedures must include inspection of materials entering
into construction of the signals and inspection of the finished signals,
to determine that signals are being produced in accordance with the
approved plans. Samples from each lot must be tested in accordance with
the operational tests in paragraph (c) of this section.
(3) Inspections and tests by an independent laboratory. An
independent laboratory accepted by the Commandant under Sec. 159.010 of
this Chapter must perform or supervise the inspections and tests under
paragraph (b)(2) of this section at least 4 times a year, unless the
number of lots produced in year is less than four. The inspections and
tests must occur at least once during each quarterly period, unless no
lots are produced during that period. If less than four lots are
produced, the laboratory must perform or supervise the inspection and
testing of each lot. In addition, the laboratory must perform or
supervise the technical tests in paragraph (d) of this section at least
once for every ten lots of signals produced, except that the number of
technical tests must be at least one but not more than four per year. If
a lot of signals tested by the independent laboratory is rejected, the
laboratory must perform or supervise the inspections and tests of the
reworked lot and the next lot of signals produced. The tests of each
reworked lot and the next lot produced must not be counted for the
purpose of meeting the requirement for the annual number of inspections
and tests performed or supervised by the independent laboratory.
(c) Operational tests. Each lot of signals must be sampled and
tested as follows:
(1) Sampling procedure and accept/reject criteria. A sample of
signals must be selected at random from the lot. The size of the sample
must be the individual sample size in Table 160.021-4(c)(1)
corresponding to the lot size. Each signal in the sample is tested as
prescribed in the test procedure in paragraph (c)(2) of this section.
Each signal that has a defect listed in the table of defects (Table
160.021-4(c)(2)) is assigned a score (failure percent) in accordance
with that table. In the case of multiple defects, only the score having
the highest numerical value is assigned to that signal. If the sum of
all the failure percents (cumulative failure percent) for the number of
units in the sample is less than or equal to the accept criterion, the
lot is accepted. If the cumulative failure percent falls between the
accept and reject criteria, another sample is selected from the
production lot and the operational tests are repeated. The cumulative
failure percent of each sample tested is added to that of the previous
samples to obtain the cumulative failure percent for all the signals
tested (cumulative sample size). Additional samples are tested and the
tests repeated until either the accept or reject criterion for the
cumulative sample size is met. If any signal in the sample explodes when
fired or ignited in a way that could burn or otherwise injure the person
firing it, the lot is rejected without further testing. (This procedure
is diagrammed in figure 160.021-4(c)).
(2) Test procedure. Each sample signal (specimen) must be tested as
follows:
(i) Conditioning of test specimens--water resistance. Immerse
specimen horizontally with uppermost portion of the signal approximately
25 mm (1 in.) below the surface of the water for a period of 24 hours.
If the signal is protected by alternate waterproofing consisting of a
water-resistant coating on the signal plus packaging in a sealed plastic
waterproof bag, the 24-hour water immersion conditioning will be
conducted while the signal is in the sealed plastic waterproof bag and
will be followed by an additional immersion of the bare signal (i.e.,
after removal from the bag) 25 mm (1 in.) below the surface of the water
for a period of 10 minutes.
[[Page 47]]
(ii) Waterproofing of igniter button. Remove the cap from the test
specimen. Place head of specimen without cap about 25 mm (1 in .) under
the surface of water for approximately 5 minutes. Remove specimen from
the water and wipe dry.
(iii) Ignition and burning characteristics. Test specimens shall
ignite and burn satisfactorily with uniform intensity when the
directions on the signal are followed. Test specimens shall not ignite
explosively in a manner that might be dangerous to the user or persons
close by. The plug separating the flare composition from the handle
shall in no case allow flame or hot gases to pass through it or between
it and the casing in such manner as might burn the hand while holding
the signal by the handle.
(iv) Burning time. The burning time of a specimen shall be obtained
by stop watch measurements from the time a distinct sustained flame is
emitted until it ceases. Test specimens shall burn in air not less than
2 minutes.
Table 160.021-4(c)(1)--Accept and reject criteria for operational test lots.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Individual Cumulative
Lot size sample Sample sample Accept Reject
size size \1\ \1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
280 or 8 First.................... 8 (\2\) 400
less. .......... Second................... 16 100 500
Third.................... 24 200 600
Fourth................... 32 300 700
Fifth.................... 40 500 800
Sixth.................... 48 700 900
Seventh.................. 56 950 951
281 to 13 First.................... 13 0 400
500. .......... Second................... 26 100 600
Third.................... 39 300 800
Fourth................... 52 500 1,000
Fifth.................... 65 700 1,100
Sixth.................... 78 1,000 1,200
Seventh.................. 91 1,350 1,351
501 to 20 First.................... 20 0 500
1,200. .......... Second................... 40 300 800
Third.................... 60 600 1,000
Fourth................... 80 800 1,300
Fifth.................... 100 1,100 1,500
Sixth.................... 120 1,400 1,700
Seventh.................. 140 1,850 1,851
1,201 to 32 First.................... 32 100 700
3,200. .......... Second................... 64 400 1,000
Third.................... 96 800 1,300
Fourth................... 128 1,200 1,700
Fifth.................... 160 1,700 2,000
Sixth.................... 192 2,100 2,300
Seventh.................. 224 2,550 2,551
More 50 First.................... 50 200 900
than .......... Second................... 100 700 1,400
3,201. .......... Third.................... 150 1,300 1,900
Fourth................... 200 1,900 2,500
Fifth.................... 250 2,500 2,900
Sixth.................... 300 3,100 3,300
Seventh.................. 350 3,750 3,751
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Cumulative failure percent.
\2\ Lot may not be accepted. Next sample must be tested.
Table 160.021-4(c)(2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percentage
Kind of defects of failure
------------------------------------------------------------------------
a. Failure to ignite........................................ 100
b. Ignites or burns dangerously............................. 50
c. Nonuniform burning intensity............................. 50
d. Chimneys so as to materially obscure the flame........... 25
e. Fire flashes down between casing and handle so as to 50
endanger burning the hand..................................
f. Burning time less than 70 pct of specified time.......... 100
g. Burning time at least 70 pct but less than 80 pct of 75
specified time.............................................
h. Burning time at least 80 pct but less than 90 pct of 50
specified time.............................................
i. Burning time at least 90 pct but less than 100 pct of 25
specified time.............................................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(d) Technical tests. Three signals must be subjected to each of the
following tests. Two of the three signals must pass each test in order
for the lot of signals to be accepted.
(1) Underwater burning. Condition each sample in accordance with
paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section. Ignite specimen and let it burn
about 5 seconds in air. Submerge the burning signal in water in a
vertical position with head down. Obtain under water burning time by
stop watch measurement from time of submersion until distinct, sustained
flame emission ceases. The test specimen shall burn under water not less
than 5 seconds when subjected to this test.
[[Page 48]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03MR91.003
(2) Bending strength. Place the specimen on supports 15 cm (6 in.)
apart. Attach a weight of 35 kg (77 lb.) to a length of wire. Hang the
weight from the supported signal by looping the wire around the signal
approximately
[[Page 49]]
equidistant from the two points of support. Let the weight hang
approximately 5 minutes. The test specimen shall not deflect more than 7
mm (1/4 in.), nor shall the joint between the casing and the handle
fail, when subjected to this test.
(3) Tensile strength. Place the specimen in a chuck firmly holding
it about 13 mm (1/2 in.) below the cap. Attach a weight of 35 kg (77
lb.) to a length of wire. Hang the weight from the supported signal by
looping the wire through a hole bored perpendicular to and through the
axis of the handle. Let the weight hang approximately 5 minutes. The
test specimen shall not show noticeable distortion, nor shall the joint
between the casing and handle fail, when subjected to this test.
(4) Luminous intensity. The luminous intensity of each specimen
tested shall be measured by a visual photometer or equivalent
photometric device, while the specimen is supported in a horizontal
position and the photometer is at right angles to the axis of the
specimen. Visual luminous intensity readings shall be observed and
recorded at approximately 20 second intervals during the burning of the
specimen. The minimum photometric distance shall be 3 m (10 ft.).
Recording photometers shall have a chart speed of at least 25 mm (1 in.)
per minute. The luminous intensity of specimen shall be computed as the
arithmetical average of the readings recorded. The average luminous
intensity of a test specimen shall be not less than 500 candela. The
burning time of a specimen shall be obtained by stop watch measurements
from the time distinct, sustained flame is emitted until it ceases. Test
specimens shall burn in air not less than 2 minutes.
(5) Elevated temperature, humidity and storage. Place specimen in a
thermostatically controlled even-temperature oven held at 75 C. with
not less than 90 percent relative humidity for 72 hours. Remove specimen
and store at room temperature (20 to 25 C.) with approximately 65
percent relative humidity for 10 days. If for any reason it is not
possible to operate the oven continuously for the 72-hour period, it may
be operated at the required temperature and humidity for 8 hours out of
each 24 during the 72-hour conditioning period. (Total of 24 hours on
and 48 hours off.) The signal shall not ignite or decompose during this
conditioning. The signal shall ignite and operate satisfactorily
following this conditioning.
(6) Spontaneous ignition. Place the specimen in a thermostatically
controlled even-temperature oven held at 75 C. with not more than 10%
relative humidity for 48 consecutive hours. The signals shall not ignite
or undergo marked decomposition.
(7) Chromaticity. The color of the burning signal must be vivid red
as defined by sections 13 and 14 of the ``Color Names Dictionary.'' Two
identical test plates of white cardboard about 30 cm x 60 cm
(12 x 24) are used. Except for a negligible amount
of stray daylight, the first test plate is illuminated by light from the
specimen placed at a distance of about 1.5 m (5 ft.). The second test
plate is illuminated only by light from an incandescent lamp operated at
a color temperature close to 2,848 K at a distance of about 30 cm (1
ft.). The first plate is viewed directly, the second through
combinations of Lovibond red, yellow, and blue glasses selected so as to
approximate a chromaticity match. By separating the test plates by a
wide unilluminated area (subtending at the observer about 45), it is
possible to make accurate determinations of chromaticity in terms of the
1931 CIE Standard Observer and Coordinate System, in spite of
fluctuations in luminous intensity of the specimen by factors as high as
2 or 3. The CIE coordinates are converted to the Munsell notation which
is cross-referenced to the color name in Section 13 of the ``Color Names
Dictionary'' (see the discussion in section 10 of ``The Universal Color
Language'').
(8) Heptane ignition. (i) A metal pan must be used to hold a layer
of water at least 12mm (\1/2\ in.) deep with a layer of technical grade
heptane on top of the water. The pan must be at least 1 m (39 in.)
square with sides extending between 175 mm (7 in.) and 200 mm (8 in.)
above the surface of the water. The amount of heptane used to form the
layer must be 2.0 liters per square
[[Page 50]]
meter of pan area (6.25 fluid ounces per square foot).
(ii) The test must be conducted in a draft-free location. The
ambient temperature, the temperature of the water, and the temperature
of the heptane must all be between 20 C (68 F) and 25 C (77 F) at
the time of the test.
(iii) The signal under test must be held with the flame end pointing
upward at an angle of approximately 45, 1.2 m (4 ft.) directly above
the center of the pan. The signal must be ignited as soon as the heptane
is observed to spread out over the water in continuous layer. The signal
must be allowed to burn completely, and must remain in position until it
has cooled.
(iv) The heptane must not be ignited by the flare or by material
from the flare.
Caution: Heptane ignites rapidly and burns vigorously. The flare
should be remotely ignited and all personnel should stay clear of the
test pan while the flare is burning and while any part of it remains
hot.
[CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73060, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by CGD
80-021, 45 FR 45280, July 3, 1980; USCG-2014-0688, 79 FR 58285, Sept.
29, 2014]
Sec. 160.021-5 Labeling and marking.
(a) Labeling. Each hand red flare distress signal shall bear a label
securely affixed thereto, showing in clear, indelible black lettering on
a red background, the following wording and information:
(Company brand or style designation)
Hand Red Flare Distress Signal
500 Candela--2 Minutes Burning Time
Use Only When Aircraft or Vessel Is Sighted
Directions: Pull tape over top of cap. Remove cap and ignite flare
by rubbing scratch surface on top of cap sharply across igniter button
on head of signal.
Caution: Stand with back to wind and point away from body when
igniting or flare is burning.
Service Life Expiration Date (Month and year to be inserted by
manufacturer) (Month and year manufactured) (Lot No.----). Manufactured
by (Name and address of manufacturer). U.S. Coast Guard Approval No.----
(b) Marking of expiration date. The expiration date must be not more
than 42 months from the date of manufacture.
(c) Other marking. (1) There shall be die-stamped, in the side of
the wooden handle in figures not less than 3 mm (C\1/8\ in.) high,
numbers indicating the month and year of manufacture, thus: ``6-54''
indicating June, 1954.
(2) In addition to any other marking placed on the smallest packing
carton or box containing hand red flare distress signals, such cartons
or boxes shall be plainly and permanently marked to show the service
life expiration date, date of manufacture, and lot number.
(3) The largest carton or box in which the manufacturer ships
signals must be marked with the following or equivalent words: ``Keep
under cover in a dry place.''
Note: Compliance with the labeling requirements of this section does
not relieve the manufacturer of the responsibility of complying with the
label requirements of 15 U.S.C. 1263, the Federal Hazardous Substances
Act.
Sec. 160.021-6 Container.
(a) General. Containers for stowage of hand red flare distress
signals in lifeboats and life rafts on merchant vessels are not required
to have specific approval or to be of special design, but they shall
meet the following test for watertightness when closed, and shall be
capable of being opened and reclosed hand-tight to meet the same
watertightness test. The materials shall be copper, brass, bronze, or
equally corrosion-resistant to salt water and spray. The type container
illustrated by Figure Number 160.021-6(a) is recommended for most
purposes.
(b) Watertightness test for containers. Whenever a question arises
as to the watertightness of a container, the following test may be made
to determine whether it is satisfactory in this respect. Open the
container, remove the contents, insert colored blotting paper as a
lining, re-close container as tightly as possible by hand (no wrenches
or special tools permitted), submerge container with top about 30 cm (1
ft.) below the surface of the water for two hours, remove container from
water, wipe off excess moisture on outside,
[[Page 51]]
then open the container and examine the blotting paper and entire
interior for evidence of moisture penetration. If any moisture or water
is evidenced, the container is not satisfactory.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03MR91.004
[[Page 52]]
(c) Marking of container. Containers shall be embossed or bear a
brass or equivalent corrosion-resistant nameplate, or otherwise be
suitably and permanently marked, to plainly show in letters not less
than 13 mm (\1/2\ in.) high the following wording: ``HAND RED FLARE
DISTRESS SIGNALS''. No additional marking which might cause confusion as
to the contents shall be permitted. The vessel's name ordinarily is
painted or branded on equipment such as this container, and nothing in
this subpart shall be construed as prohibiting same.
Sec. 160.021-7 Procedure for approval.
(a) Signals are approved by the Coast Guard under the procedures in
subpart 159.005 of this chapter.
(b) [Reserved]
Subpart 160.022_Floating Orange Smoke Distress Signals (5 Minutes)
Source: CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73067, Dec. 17, 1979, unless
otherwise noted.
Sec. 160.022-1 Incorporation by reference.
(a) The following are incorporated by reference into this subpart:
(1) ``The Color Names Dictionary'' in Color: Universal Language and
Dictionary of Names, National Bureau of Standards Special Publication
440, December 1976.
(2) ``Development of a Laboratory Test for Evaluation of the
Effectiveness of Smoke Signals,'' National Bureau of Standards Report
4792, July 1956.
(b) NBS Special Publication 440 may be obtained by ordering from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, DC 20402 (Order by SD Catalog No. C13.10:440).
(c) NBS Report 4792 may be obtained from the Coast Guard
Headquarters. Contact Commandant (CG-ENG-4), Attn: Lifesaving and Fire
Safety Division, U.S. Coast Guard Stop 7509, 2703 Martin Luther King Jr.
Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20593-7509.
(d) Approval to incorporate by reference the materials listed in
this section was obtained from the Director of the Federal Register on
November 1 and 29, 1979. The materials are on file in the Federal
Register Library.
[CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73067, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by CGD
82-063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3, 1983; CGD 88-070, 53 FR 34535, Sept. 7,
1988; CGD 95-072, 60 FR 50467, Sept. 29, 1995; CGD 96-041, 61 FR 50733,
Sept. 27, 1996; USCG-2009-0702, 74 FR 49237, Sept. 25, 2009; USCG-2013-
0671, 78 FR 60156, Sept. 30, 2013]
Sec. 160.022-2 Type.
(a) Floating orange smoke distress signals, specified by this
subpart shall be of one type which shall consist essentially of an outer
container, ballast, an air chamber, an inner container, the smoke
producing composition, and an igniter mechanism. Alternate arrangements
which conform to the performance requirements of this specification will
be given special consideration.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.022-3 Materials, workmanship, construction, and
performance requirements.
(a) Materials. The materials shall conform strictly to the
specifications and drawings submitted by the manufacturer and approved
by the Commandant. Metal for containers shall be not less than 0.5 mm
(0.020 in.) in thickness. Other dimensions or materials may be
considered upon special request when presented with supporting data.
Igniter systems shall be corrosion-resistant metal. The combustible
material shall be of such nature that it will not deteriorate during
long storage, nor when subjected to frigid or tropical climates, or
both.
(b) Workmanship. Floating orange smoke distress signals shall be of
first class workmanship and shall be free from imperfections of
manufacture affecting their appearance or that may affect their
serviceability.
(c) Construction. The outer container shall be of a size suitable
for its intended use. All sheet metal seams should be hook-jointed and
soldered. The whole container shall be covered with two coats of
waterproof paint or equivalent protection system. The igniter mechanism
shall be simple to operate and provide ignition in most unfavorable
weather. The mechanism shall be protected with a watertight
[[Page 53]]
cover having a finish which is corrosion-resistant to salt water and
spray. The cover shall be easily and quickly removable by hand without
the use of tools. If attachment of the cover is by formed screw threads,
it shall be of such construction or material to prevent rusting or
corrosion and will not back off and loosen under shipboard vibration.
(d) Performance. Signals shall meet all the inspection and test
requirements contained in Sec. 160.022-4.
Sec. 160.022-4 Approval and production tests.
(a) Approval tests. The manufacturer must produce a lot of at least
100 signals from which samples must be taken for testing for approval
under Sec. 160.022-7. The approval tests are the operational tests and
technical tests in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section. The approval
tests must be conducted by an independent laboratory accepted by the
Commandant under Sec. 159.010 of this chapter.
(b) Production inspections and tests. Production inspections and
tests of each lot of signals produced must be conducted under the
procedures in Sec. 159.007 of this chapter. Signals from a rejected lot
must not be represented as meeting this subpart or as being approved by
the Coast Guard. If the manufacturer identifies the cause of the
rejection of a lot of signals, the signals in the lot may be reworked by
the manufacturer to correct the problem. Samples from the rejected lot
must be retested in order to be accepted. Records shall be kept of the
reasons for rejection, the reworking performed on the rejected lot, and
the results of the second test.
(1) Lot size. For the purposes of sampling the production of
signals, a lot must consist of not more than 30,000 signals. Lots must
be numbered serially by the manufacturer. A new lot must be started
with:
(i) Any change in construction details,
(ii) Any change in sources of raw materials, or
(iii) The start of production on a new production line or on a
previously discontinued production line.
(2) Inspections and tests by the manufacturer. The manufacturer's
quality control procedures must include inspection of materials entering
into construction of the signals and inspection of the finished signals,
to determine that signals are being produced in accordance with the
approved plans. Samples from each lot must be tested in accordance with
the operational tests in paragraph (c) of this section.
(3) Inspections and tests by an independent laboratory. An
independent laboratory accepted by the Commandant under Sec. 159.010 of
this chapter must perform or supervise the inspections and tests under
paragraph (b)(2) of this section at least 4 times a year, unless the
number of lots produced in a year is less than four. The inspections and
tests must occur at least once during each quarterly period, unless no
lots are produced during that period. If less than four lots are
produced, the laboratory must perform or supervise the inspection and
testing of each lot. In addition, the laboratory must perform or
supervise the technical tests in paragraph (d) of this section at least
once for every ten lots of signals produced, except that the number of
technical tests must be at least one but not more than four per year. If
a lot of signals tested by the independent laboratory is rejected, the
laboratory must perform or supervise the inspections and tests of the
reworked lot and the next lot of signals produced. The tests of each
reworked lot and the next lot of signals must not be counted for the
purpose of meeting the requirement for the annual number of inspections
and tests performed or supervised by the independent laboratory.
(c) Operational tests. Each lot of signals must be sampled and
tested as follows:
(1) Sampling procedure and accept/reject criteria. A sample of
signals must be selected at random from the lot. The size of the sample
must be the individual sample size in Table 160.022-4(c)(1)
corresponding to the lot size. Each signal in the sample is tested as
prescribed in the test procedure in paragraph (c)(2) of this section.
Each signal that has a defect listed in the table of defects (Table
160.022-4(c)(2)) is
[[Page 54]]
assigned a score (failure percent) in accordance with that table. In the
case of multiple defects, only the score having the highest numerical
value is assigned to that signal. If the sum of all the failure percents
(cumulative failure percent) for the number of units in the sample is
less than or equal to the accept criterion, the lot is accepted. If this
sum is equal to or more than the reject criterion the lot is rejected.
If the cumulative failure percent falls between the accept and reject
criteria, another sample is selected from the production lot and the
operational tests are repeated. The cumulative failure percent of each
sample tested is added to that of the previous samples to obtain the
cumulative failure percent for all the signals tested (cumulative sample
size). Additional samples are tested and the tests repeated until either
the accept or reject criterion for the cumulative sample size is met. If
any signal in the sample explodes when fired or ignited in a way that
could burn or otherwise injure the person firing it, the lot is rejected
without further testing. (This procedure is diagrammed in figure
160.022-4(c).)
(2) Test Procedure. Each sample signal (specimen) must be tested as
follows:
(i) Conditioning of test specimens--water-resistance. Immerse
specimens horizontally with uppermost portion of the signal
approximately 25 mm (1 in.) below the surface of the water for a period
of 24 hours.
(ii) Smoke emitting time. Ignite specimen according to the
directions printed on the signal and place signal in tub or barrel of
water. The smoke emitting time of a specimen shall be obtained by stop
watch measurements from the time of distinct, sustained smoke emission
until it ceases. The watch shall be stopped during periods of flame
emission. The smoke emitting time for a specimen shall be not less than
4 minutes.
(iii) Ignition and smoke emitting characteristics. Test specimens
shall ignite and emit smoke properly when the directions on the signal
are followed. Test specimens shall not ignite explosively in a manner
that might be dangerous to the user or persons close by. Test specimens
shall emit smoke at a uniform rate while floating in calm to rough
water. Signals should be so constructed that water submerging the signal
in moderately heavy seas will not cause it to become inoperative.
Table 160.022-4(c)(1)--Accept and reject criteria for operational test lots.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Individual Cumulative
Lot size sample Sample sample Accept Reject
size size \1\ \1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
280 or 8 First.................... 8 (\2\) 400
less. .......... Second................... 16 100 500
Third.................... 24 200 600
Fourth................... 32 300 700
Fifth.................... 40 500 800
Sixth.................... 48 700 900
Seventh.................. 56 950 951
281 to 13 First.................... 13 0 400
500. .......... Second................... 26 100 600
Third.................... 39 300 800
Fourth................... 52 500 1,000
Fifth.................... 65 700 1,100
Sixth.................... 78 1,000 1,200
Seventh.................. 91 1,350 1,351
501 to 20 First.................... 20 0 500
1,200. .......... Second................... 40 300 800
Third.................... 60 600 1,000
Fourth................... 80 800 1,300
Fifth.................... 100 1,100 1,500
Sixth.................... 120 1,400 1,700
Seventh.................. 140 1,850 1,851
1,201 to 32 First.................... 32 100 700
3,200. .......... Second................... 64 400 1,000
Third.................... 96 800 1,300
Fourth................... 128 1,200 1,700
Fifth.................... 160 1,700 2,000
Sixth.................... 192 2,100 2,300
Seventh.................. 224 2,550 2,551
More 50 First.................... 50 200 900
than .......... Second................... 100 700 1,400
3,201. .......... Third.................... 150 1,300 1,900
Fourth................... 200 1,900 2,500
Fifth.................... 250 2,500 2,900
Sixth.................... 300 3,100 3,300
Seventh.................. 350 3,750 3,751
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Cumulative failure percent.
\2\ Lot may not be accepted. Next sample must be tested.
Table 160.022-4(c)(2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percentage
Kind of defects of failure
------------------------------------------------------------------------
a. Failure to ignite........................................ 100
b. Ignites or burns dangerously............................. 50
c. Nonuniform smoke emitting rate........................... 50
d. Smoke-emitting time less than 70 pct of specified time... 100
e. Smoke-emitting time at least 70 pct but less than 30 pct 75
of specified time..........................................
f. Smoke-emitting time at least 80 pct but less than 90 pct 50
of specified time..........................................
g. Smoke-emitting time at least 90 pct but less than 100 pct 25
of specified time..........................................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 55]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03MR91.005
(d) Technical tests. Three signals must be subjected to each of the
following tests. Two of the three signals must pass the test in order
for the lot of signals to be accepted.
[[Page 56]]
(1) Smoke emission in waves. The signal shall be ignited and thrown
overboard under conditions where the waves are at least 30 cm (1 ft.)
high. The smoke emitting time must be at least 4 minutes and the signal
shall float in such a manner that the signal shall function properly
during this test. Failure to pass this test shall be cause for the lot
to be rejected.
(2) Underwater smoke emission. Condition each sample in accordance
with paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section. Ignite specimen and let it
burn about 15 seconds in air. Submerge the burning signal in water in a
vertical position with head down. Obtain underwater smoke emission time
by stop watch measurements from time of submersion until distinct,
sustained smoke emission ceases. The test specimen shall emit smoke
underwater not less than 15 seconds when subjected to this test.
(3) Elevated temperature, humidity, and storage. Place specimen in a
thermostatically controlled even-temperature oven held at 75 C. with
not less than 90 percent relative humidity for 72 hours. Remove specimen
and store at room temperature (20 to 25 C.) with approximately 65
percent relative humidity for ten days. If for any reason it is not
possible to operate the oven continuously for the 72-hour period, it may
be operated at the required temperature and humidity for 8 hours out of
each 24 during 72-hour conditioning period. (Total of 24 hours on and 48
hours off). The signal shall not ignite or decompose during this
conditioning. The signal shall ignite and operate satisfactorily
following this conditioning.
(4) Spontaneous ignition. Place the specimen in a thermostatically
controlled even-temperature oven held at 75 C. with not more than 10%
relative humidity for 48 consecutive hours. The signal shall not ignite
or undergo marked decomposition.
(5) Susceptibility to explosion. Remove smoke composition from
signal and punch a small hole in the composition. Insert a No. 6
commercial blasting cap. Ignite the cap. The test specimen shall not
explode or ignite.
(6) Corrosion resistance. Expose the complete specimen with cover
secured hand-tight to a finely divided spray of 20 percent by weight
sodium chloride solution at a temperature between 32 C and 38 C (90 F
and 100 F) for 100 hours. The container and cap must not be corroded in
any fashion that would impair their proper functioning.
(7) Color of smoke. Ignite specimen in the open air in daytime
according to the directions printed on the signal, and determine the
smoke color by direct visual comparison of the unshadowed portions of
the smoke with a color chart held so as to receive the same daylight
illumination as the unshadowed portions of the smoke. The color of the
smoke must be orange as defined by Sections 13 and 14 of the ``Color
Names Dictionary'' (colors 34-39 and 48-54).
(8) Volume and density of smoke. The test specimen shall show less
than 20 percent transmission for not less than 3 minutes when measured
with apparatus having a light path of 19 cm (7\1/2\ in.), an optical
system aperture of +3.7 degrees, and an entrance air flow of 18.4m\3\
per minute (650 cu. ft. per minute), such apparatus to be as described
in National Bureau of Standards Report No. 4792.
Sec. 160.022-5 Marking.
(a) Directions for use. Each floating orange smoke distress signal
shall be plainly and indelibly marked in black lettering not less than 3
mm (\1/8\ in.) high ``Approved for daytime use only'', and in black
lettering not less than 5 mm (\3/16\ in.) high with the word
``Directions''. Immediately below shall be similarly marked in black
lettering not less than 3 mm (\1/8\ in.) high: ``1. Use Only When
Aircraft or Vessel Is Sighted''. Then in numbered paragraphs, in similar
lettering, there shall follow in simply and easily understood wording,
instructions to be followed to make the device operative. Pasted-on
labels are not acceptable.
(b) Other markings. (1) There shall be embossed or die-stamped, in
the outer container in figures not less than 5 mm (\3/16\ in.) high,
numbers, indicating the month and year of manufacture, thus: ``6-54''
indicating June 1954. The outer container shall also be plainly and
indelibly marked with the commercial designation of the signal, the
words
[[Page 57]]
``Floating Orange Smoke Distress Signal'', name and address of the
manufacturer, the Coast Guard Approval No., the service life expiration
date (month and year to be entered by the manufacturer), the month and
year of manufacture and the lot number.
(2) In addition to any other marking placed on the smallest packing
carton or box containing floating orange smoke distress signals, such
cartons or boxes shall be plainly and indelibly marked to show the
service life expiration date, the month and year of manufacture, and the
lot number.
(3) The largest carton or box in which the manufacturer ships
signals must be marked with the following or equivalent words: ``Keep
under cover in a dry place.''
(c) Marking of expiration date. The expiration date must be not more
than 42 months from the date of manufacture.
Note: Compliance with the labeling requirements of this section does
not relieve the manufacturer of the responsibility of complying with the
label requirements of 15 U.S.C. 1263, the Federal Hazardous Substances
Act.
Sec. 160.022-7 Procedure for approval.
(a) Signals are approved by the Coast Guard under the procedures in
subpart 159.005 of this chapter.
(b) [Reserved]
Subpart 160.023_Hand Combination Flare and Smoke Distress Signals
Source: CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73070, Dec. 17, 1979, unless
otherwise noted.
Sec. 160.023-1 Incorporation by reference.
(a) The following are incorporated by reference into this subpart:
(1) Military specifications MIL-S-18655 C, 3 May 1971--Signal, Smoke
and Illumination, Marine, Mark 13, Mod 0.
(b) The military specification may be obtained from Military
Specifications and Standards, Standardization Documents Order Desk,
Building 4D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, https://
assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/. This specification is also on file in
the Federal Register library.
(c) Approval to incorporate by reference the materials listed in
this section was obtained from the Director of the Federal Register on
November 1, 1979.
[CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73070, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by
USCG-2013-0671, 78 FR 60156, Sept. 30, 2013]
Sec. 160.023-2 Type.
(a) Hand combination flare and smoke distress signals specified by
this subpart shall be of the type described in specification MIL-S-
18655.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.023-3 Materials, workmanship, construction, and performance
requirements.
(a) The materials, construction, workmanship, general and detail
requirements shall conform to the requirements of specification MIL-S-
18655, except as otherwise specifically provided by this subpart.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.023-4 Approval and production tests.
(a) Approval tests. The approval tests are those tests prescribed
for the preproduction sample in MIL-S-18655. The approval tests must be
conducted by an independent laboratory accepted by the Commandant under
Sec. 159.010 of this chapter.
(b) Production inspections and tests. Production inspections and
tests of each lot of signals produced must be conducted under the
procedures in Sec. 159.007 of this chapter. Signals from a rejected lot
must not be represented as meeting this subpart or as being approved by
the Coast Guard. If the manufacturer identifies the cause of the
rejection of a lot of signals, the signals in the lot may be reworked by
the manufacturer to correct the problem. Samples from the rejected lot
must be retested in order to be accepted. Records shall be kept of the
reasons for rejection, the reworking performed on the rejected lot, and
the results of the second test.
(1) Inspections and tests by the manufacturer. The manufacturer's
quality control procedures must include inspection of materials entering
into construction of the signals and inspection of the finished signals,
to determine that signals are being produced in
[[Page 58]]
accordance with the approved plans. The manufacturer must select samples
from each lot and test them as specified in the production lot
procedures in MIL-S-18655.
(2) Inspections and tests by an independent laboratory. An
independent laboratory accepted by the Commandant under Sec. 159.010 of
this chapter must perform or supervise the inspections and tests under
paragraph (b)(1) of this section at least 4 times a year, unless the
number of lots is less than four. The inspections and tests must occur
at least once during each quarterly period, unless no lots are produced
during this period. If less than four lots are produced, the laboratory
must perform or supervise the inspection and testing of each lot. If a
lot of signals tested by the independent laboratory is rejected, the
laboratory must perform or supervise the inspections and tests of the
reworked lot and the next lot of signals produced. The tests of each
reworked lot and the next lot produced must not be counted for the
purpose of meeting the requirement for the annual number of inspections
and tests performed or supervised by the independent laboratory.
Sec. 160.023-5 Labeling and marking.
(a) Labeling. A label showing firing instructions in accordance with
specification MIL-S-18655, and to include the commercial designation of
the signal, the lot number, Coast Guard approval number, the service
life expiration date (month and year to be inserted by the
manufacturer), and month and year of manufacture, shall be applied in a
neat, workmanlike manner after the paint has become thoroughly dry. The
label shall be attached to the signal and then protected by a
transparent moisture impervious coating.
(b) Marking of expiration date. The expiration date must be not more
than 42 months from the date of manufacture.
(c) Other marking. (1) In addition to any other marking placed on
the smallest packing carton or box containing signals, such cartons or
boxes shall be plainly and indelibly marked to show the service life
expiration date, the date of manufacture, and the lot number.
(2) The largest carton or box in which the manufacturer ships
signals must be marked with the following or equivalent words: ``Keep
under cover in a dry place.''
Note: Compliance with the labeling requirements of this section does
not relieve the manufacturer of the responsibility of complying with the
label requirements of 15 U.S.C. 1263, the Federal Hazardous Substances
Act.
Sec. 160.023-6 Container.
(a) General. The container for storing the signals on lifeboats and
liferafts is not required to be of a special design or be approved by
the Coast Guard. The container must meet the requirements in Subpart
160.021 (Sec. 160.021-6) except that the wording on the container must
be: ``HAND COMBINATION FLARE AND SMOKE DISTRESS SIGNALS.''
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.023-7 Procedure for approval.
(a) Signals are approved by the Coast Guard under the procedures in
subpart 159.005 of this chapter.
(b) [Reserved]
Subpart 160.024_Pistol-Projected Parachute Red Flare Distress Signals
Source: CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73071, Dec. 17, 1979, unless
otherwise noted.
Sec. 160.024-1 Incorporation by reference.
(a) The following is incorporated by reference into this subpart:
(1) ``The Universal Color Language'' and ``The Color Names
Dictionary'' in Color: Universal Language and Dictionary of Names,
National Bureau of Standards Special Publication 440, Dictionary 1976.
(b) NBS Special Publication 440 may be obtained by ordering from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, DC 20402 (Order by SD Catalog No. C13.10:440).
(c) Approval to incorporate by reference the publication listed in
this section was obtained from the Director of the Federal Register on
November 1, 1979. The publication is on file at the Federal Register
Library.
[[Page 59]]
Sec. 160.024-2 Type.
(a) Pistol-projected parachute red flare distress signals specified
by this subpart shall be of one type which shall consist essentially of
a cartridge having centered primer, propelling charge, and projectile
consisting of a case, delay element, expelling charge, and pyrotechnic
candle attached to a parachute by shroud lines; the cartridge to be of
such dimensions that it can be fitted into and fired from a signal
pistol with chamber and bore dimensions within the limits provided by
Figure 160.028-2(a) of subpart 160.028 of this chapter.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.024-3 Materials, workmanship, construction, and performance
requirements.
(a) Materials. The materials used in pistol-projected parachute red
flare distress signals shall conform strictly to the specifications and
drawings submitted by the manufacturer and approved by the Commandant.
In general, all metallic parts shall be corrosion-resistant or properly
protected against corrosion.
(b) Workmanship. Pistol-projected parachute red flare distress
signals shall be of first class workmanship and shall be free from
imperfections of manufacture affecting their appearance or that may
affect their serviceability.
(c) Construction. The exterior case of the cartridge shall be made
of suitable metal and shall protect against the entrance of moisture.
The projectile case and delay element shall be so constructed as to
prevent any possibility of the propelling charge blowing by and causing
premature ejection of the projectile contents. The shoulder of the base
of the cartridge shall be between 2.29 mm (0.090 in.) and 2.67 mm (0.015
in.) in thickness. The centered primer shall be set below the surface of
the base between 0.25 mm (0.010 in.) and 0.50 mm (0.020 in.).
(d) Performance. Signals shall meet all of the inspection and test
requirements contained in Sec. 160.024-4.
Sec. 160.024-4 Approval and production tests.
(a) Approval tests. The manufacturer must produce a lot of at least
100 signals from which samples must be taken for testing for approval
under Sec. 160.024-7. The approval tests are the operational tests and
technical tests in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section. The approval
tests must be conducted by an independent laboratory accepted by the
Commandant under Sec. 159.010 of this chapter.
(b) Production inspections and tests. Production inspections and
tests of each lot of signals produced must be conducted under the
procedures in Sec. 159.007 of this chapter. Signals from a rejected lot
must not be represented as meeting this subpart or as being approved by
the Coast Guard. If the manufacturer identifies the cause of the
rejection of a lot of signals, the signals in the lot may be reworked by
the manufacturer to correct the problem. Samples from the rejected lot
must be retested in order to be accepted. Records shall be kept of the
reasons for rejection, the reworking performed on the rejected lot, and
the results of the second test.
(1) Lot size. For the purposes of sampling the production of
signals, a lot must consist of not more than 30,000 signals. Lots must
be numbered serially by the manufacturer. A new lot must be started
with: (i) Any change in construction details, (ii) any change in sources
of raw materials, or (iii) the start of production on a new production
line or on a previously discontinued production line.
(2) Inspections and tests by the manufacturer. The manufacturer's
quality control procedures must include inspection of materials entering
into construction of the signals and inspection of the finished signals,
to determine that signals are being produced in accordance with the
approved plans. Samples from each lot must be tested in accordance with
the operational tests in paragraph (c) of this section.
(3) Inspections and tests by an independent laboratory. An
independent laboratory accepted by the Commandant under Sec. 159.010 of
this chapter must perform or supervise the inspections and
[[Page 60]]
tests under paragraph (b)(2) of this section at least 4 times a year,
unless the number of lots produced in a year is less than four. The
inspections and tests must occur at least once during each quarterly
period, unless no lots are produced during this period. If less than
four lots are produced, the laboratory must perform or supervise the
inspection and testing of each lot. In addition, the laboratory must
perform or supervise the technical tests in paragraph (d) of this
section at least once for every ten lots of signals produced, except
that the number of technical tests must be at least one but not more
than four per year. If a lot of signals tested by the independent
laboratory is rejected, the laboratory must perform or supervise the
inspections and tests of the reworked lot and the next lot of signals
produced. The tests of each reworked lot and the next lot produced must
not be counted for the purpose of meeting the requirement for the annual
number of inspections and tests performed or supervised by the
independent laboratory.
(c) Operational tests. Each lot of signals must be sampled and
tested as follows:
(1) Sampling procedure and accept/reject criteria. A sample of
signals must be selected at random from the lot. The size of the sample
must be the individual sample size in Table 160.024-4(c)(1)
corresponding to the lot size. Each signal in the sample is tested as
prescribed in the test procedure in paragraph (c)(2) of this section.
Each signal that has a defect listed in the table of defects. (Table
160.024-4(c)(2)) is assigned a score (failure percent) in accordance
with the table. In the case of multiple defects, only the score having
the highest numerical value is assigned to that signal. If the sum of
all the failure percents (cumulative failure percent) for the number of
units in the sample is less than or equal to the accept criterion, the
lot is accepted. If this sum is equal to or more than the reject
criterion the lot is rejected. If the cumulative failure percent falls
between the accept and reject criteria, another sample is selected from
the production lot and the operational tests are repeated. The
cumulative failure percent of each sample tested is added to that of the
previous samples to obtain the cumulative failure percent for all the
signals tested (cumulative sample size). Additional samples are tested
and the tests repeated until either the accept or reject criterion for
the cumulative sample size is met. If any signal in the sample explodes
when fired or ignites in a way that could burn or otherwise injure the
person firing it, the lot is rejected without further testing. (This
procedure is diagrammed in figure 160.024-4(c).)
(2) Test procedure. Each sample signal (specimen) must be tested as
follows:
(i) Conditioning of test specimens--water resistance. Immerse
specimen horizontally with uppermost portion of the signal approximately
25 mm (1 in.) below the surface of the water for a period of 24 hours.
(ii) Firing and operating characteristics. Signals shall fire and
operate satisfactorily when shot from a pistol of the type described in
subpart 160.028. The parachute and pyrotechnic candle shall be ejected
at approximately the maximum altitude reached by the projectile case.
The parachute shall open and properly suspend the pyrotechnic candle
without fouling. The pyrotechnic candle shall burn with uniform
intensity and without damaging the parachute, shrouds, or leader line.
(iii) Altitude. The altitude reached by a signal is considered to be
the height at which the parachute and pyrotechnic candle are ejected
from the projectile case, as determined by visual observation against an
object of known height, such as a tower or balloon, or by triangulation
from two or more points of observation, or by other method satisfactory
to the Commandant. The altitude reached shall be not less than 45 m (150
ft.).
(iv) Rate of descent. The rate of descent of a signal is considered
to be the calculated average rate obtained by dividing the altitude by
the time of descent to the surface. The rate of descent shall not exceed
1.8 m (6 ft.) per second.
(v) Burning time. The burning time of the pyrotechnic candle shall
be obtained by stop watch measurement from the time distinct, sustained
flame is emitted until it ceases. The burning time shall be not less
than 30 seconds.
[[Page 61]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03MR91.006
[[Page 62]]
Table 160.024-4(c)(1)--Accept and Reject Criteria for Operational Test Lots.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Individual Cumulative sample
Lot size sample size Sample size Accept \1\ Reject \1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
280 or 8 First 8 (\2\) 400
less. .............. Second 16 100 500
Third 24 200 600
Fourth 32 300 700
Fifth 40 500 800
Sixth 48 700 900
Seventh 56 950 951
281 to 13 First 13 0 400
500. .............. Second 26 100 600
Third 39 300 800
Fourth 52 500 1,000
Fifth 65 700 1,100
Sixth 78 1,000 1,200
Seventh 91 1,350 1,351
501 to 20 First 20 0 500
1,200. .............. Second 40 300 800
Third 60 600 1,000
Fourth 80 800 1,300
Fifth 100 1,100 1,500
Sixth 120 1,400 1,700
Seventh 140 1,850 1,851
1,201 to 32 First 32 100 700
3,200. .............. Second 64 400 1,000
Third 96 800 1,300
Fourth 128 1,200 1,700
Fifth 160 1,700 2,000
Sixth 192 2,100 2,300
Seventh 224 2,550 2,551
More 50 First 50 200 900
than .............. Second 100 700 1,400
3,201. .............. Third 150 1,300 1,900
Fourth 200 1,900 2,500
Fifth 250 2,500 2,900
Sixth 300 3,100 3,300
Seventh 350 3,750 3,751
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Cumulative failure percent.
\2\ Lot may not be accepted. Next sample must be tested.
Table 160.024-4(c)(2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percentage
Kind of defect of failure
------------------------------------------------------------------------
a. Failure to fire (when attributable to the primer and not 100
to the malfunction of the pistol).........................
b. Failure to eject projectile contents.................... 100
c. Failure to ignite pyrotechnic candle.................... 75
d. Failure of parachute to open completely................. 75
e. Complete carrying away or destruction of parachute...... 75
f. Altitude less than 70 pct of that required.............. 100
g. Altitude at least 70 pct but less than 80 pct of that 75
required..................................................
h. Altitude at least 80 pct but less than 90 pct of that 50
required..................................................
i. Altitude at least 90 pct but less than 100 pct of that 25
required..................................................
j. Average rate of descent greater than 4 times maximum 100
permitted.................................................
k. Average rate of descent less than 4 but greater than 3 75
times maximum permitted...................................
l. Average rate of descent less than 3 but greater than 2 50
times maximum permitted...................................
m. Average rate of descent less than twice but greater than 25
maximum permitted.........................................
n. Burning time less than 70 pct of that required.......... 100
o. Burning time at least 70 pct but less than 80 pct of 75
that required.............................................
p. Burning time at least 80 pct but less than 90 pct of 50
that required.............................................
q. Burning time at least 90 pct but less than 100 pct of 25
that required.............................................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(d) Technical tests. Three signals must be subjected to each of the
following tests. Two of the three signals must pass each test in order
for the lot of signals to be accepted.
(1) Luminous intensity. The luminous intensity of each pyrotechnic
candle tested shall be measured by a visual photometer or equivalent
photometric device while the specimen is supported in a horizontal
position and the photometer is at right angles to the axis of
[[Page 63]]
the specimen. Visual luminous intensity readings shall be observed and
recorded at approximately 5-second intervals during the burning of the
specimen. The minimum photometric distance shall be 3 m (10 ft.).
Recording photometers shall have a chart speed of at least 10 cm (4 in.)
per minute. The luminous intensity of the specimen shall be computed as
the arithmetical average of the readings recorded. The average luminous
intensity of a specimen shall be not less than 20,000 candela.
(2) Elevated temperature, humidity, and storage. Place specimen in a
thermostatically controlled even-temperature oven held at 75 C. with
not less than 90 percent relative humidity for 72 hours. Remove specimen
and store at room temperature (20 to 25 C.) with approximately 65
percent relative humidity for 10 days. If for any reason it is not
possible to operate the oven continuously for the 72-hour period, it may
be operated at the required temperature and humidity for 8 hours out of
each 24 during the 72-hour conditioning period. (Total of 24 hours on
and 48 hours off.) The signal shall not ignite or decompose during this
conditioning. The signal shall fire and operate satisfactorily following
this conditioning.
(3) Spontaneous ignition. Place the specimen in a thermostatically
controlled even-temperature oven held at 75 C. with not more than 10%
relative humidity for 48 consecutive hours. The signal shall not ignite
or undergo marked decomposition.
(4) Chromaticity. The color of the burning signal must be vivid red
as defined by Sections 13 and 14 of the ``Color Names Dictionary.'' Two
identical test plates of white cardboard about 30 cm x 60 cm
(12 x 24) are used. Except for a negligible amount
of stray daylight, the first test plate is illuminated by light from the
specimen placed at a distance of about 1.5 cm (5 ft.). The second test
plate is illuminated only by light from an incandescent lamp operated at
a color temperature close to 2,848 K at a distance of about 30 cm (1
ft.). The first plate is viewed directly, the second through
combinations of lovibond red, yellow, and blue glasses selected so as to
approximate a chromaticity match. By separating the test plates by a
wide unilluminated area (subtending at the observer about 45), it is
possible to make accurate determinations of chromaticity in terms of the
1931 CIE Standard Observer and Coordinate System, in spite of
fluctuations in luminous intensity of the specimen by factors as high as
2 or 3. The CIE coordinates are converted to the Munsell notation which
is cross-referenced to the color name in Section 13 of the ``Color Names
Dictionary'' (see the discussion in section 10 of ``the Universal Color
Language'').
[CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73071, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by
USCG-2014-0668, 79 FR 58285, Sept. 29, 2014]
Sec. 160.024-5 Marking.
(a) Cartridge. Each pistol-projected parachute red flare distress
signal shall be legibly marked as follows:
Pistol-Projected Parachute Red Flare Distress Signal
20,000 candela--30 seconds burning time
use only when aircraft or vessel is sighted directions--Fire upward from
signal pistol
Service Life Expiration Date (date to be inserted by manufacturer)
(Month and year manufactured) Lot No.------
Manufactured by (Name and address of manufacturer)
U.S. COAST GUARD APPROVAL NO.----.
(b) Marking of expiration date. The expiration date must be not more
than 42 months from the date of manufacture.
(c) Other marking. (1) On each pistol-projected parachute red flare
distress signal there shall be die-stamped, in figures not less than 3mm
(\1/8\ in.) high, on the cartridge, numbers indicating the month and
year of manufacture, thus: ``6-54'' indicating June 1954.
(2) The pyrotechnic candle shall be legibly marked with the month
and year of manufacture.
(3) In addition to any other marking placed on the smallest packing
carton or box containing cartridges, each carton or box shall be plainly
and permanently marked to show the service life expiration date, the
date of manufacture, and the lot number.
(4) The largest carton or box in which the manufacturer ships
signals must be
[[Page 64]]
marked with the following or equivalent words: ``Keep under cover in a
dry place.''
Note: Compliance with the labeling requirements of this section does
not relieve the manufacturer of the responsibility of complying with the
label requirements of 15 U.S.C. 1263, the Federal Hazardous Substances
Act.
Sec. 160.024-7 Procedure for approval.
(a) Signals are approved by the Coast Guard under the procedures in
subpart 159.005 of this chapter.
(b) [Reserved]
Subpart 160.026_Water, Emergency Drinking (In Hermetically Sealed
Containers), for Merchant Vessels
Sec. 160.026-1 Applicable specifications and standard.
(a) General. The following specifications and standard, of the issue
in effect on the date emergency drinking water is packed, form a part of
this subpart:
(1) Military specifications:
MIL-L-7178--Lacquer; cellulose nitrate, gloss for aircraft use.
MIL-E-15090--Enamel, equipment, light-gray (Formula No. 111).
MIL-W-15117--Water, drinking, canned, emergency.
(2) U.S. Public Health Service:
Drinking Water Standards (Publication No. 956).
(b) Copies on file. Copies of the specifications referred to in this
section shall be kept on file by the packer, together with the approved
plans and certificate of approval issued by the Coast Guard. The
military specifications may be obtained from the Military Specifications
and Standards, Standardization Documents Order Desk, Building 4D, 700
Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, https://
assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/. The ``Drinking Water Standards'' may
be obtained from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Public Health Service, Washington, DC, 20201.
[CGFR 65-9, 30 FR 11466, Sept. 8, 1965, as amended by CGD 84-064, 49 FR
34004, Aug. 28, 1984; USCG-2013-0671, 78 FR 60156, Sept. 30, 2013]
Sec. 160.026-2 Type.
(a) Emergency drinking water for lifeboats and life rafts and its
hermetically sealed container shall be as specified herein, but
alternate containers will be given special consideration.
(b) [Reserved]
[CGFR 53-25, 18 FR 7865, Dec. 5, 1953]
Sec. 160.026-3 Container.
(a) General. The emergency drinking water container shall be a
sanitary type can, approximately 2\11/16\ in diameter by 4\7/
8\ in height. The top and bottom of the can shall be double-
seamed and compound-lined. The side seam shall be of a locked type,
soldered on the outside. The can shall be made of 1.25-pound coating
coke tin-plate throughout, with not less than 100-pound plate for the
body and 85-pound plate for the ends.
(b) Interior and exterior coatings. The interior of the container
shall be uncoated, except for the tin-plating required by paragraph (a)
of this section. In addition to the tin-plating, the exterior surfaces
of the container, including the ends, but excluding the side seam, shall
be lithographed a gray enamel conforming to Type I or II, Class 2 of
Specification MIL-E-15090, with the marking as provided by Sec. 160.026-
5 lithographed in black print. After filling, sealing, autoclaving, and
marking, the container shall be dip-coated with one coat of clear base
lacquer conforming to Specification MIL-L-7178.
(c) Plant sanitation, sterilizing and filling. The plant and
equipment in which the water is canned shall be maintained in a clean
and sanitary condition at all times, and standard aseptic procedures
shall be followed throughout in filling the cans. The container shall be
free from all foreign materials, and shall be filled with approximately
10\2/3\ oz. of water meeting the requirements of Sec. 160.026-4. After
filling, it
[[Page 65]]
shall be hermetically sealed under vacuum, and after sealing, it shall
be autoclaved at a temperature of not less than 250 F. for not less
than 15 minutes.
[CGFR 53-25, 18 FR 7865, Dec. 5, 1953]
Sec. 160.026-4 Water.
(a) Only water meeting the U.S. Public Health Service ``Drinking
Water Standards'' which has been suitably inhibited to protect the
container against corrosion shall be used. After treatment and packing
the water shall be free from organic matter, sediment and odor. It shall
have a pH between 7.0 and 9.0 as determined by means of a standard pH
meter using glass electrodes.
(b) [Reserved]
[CGFR 65-9, 30 FR 11466, Sept. 8, 1965]
Sec. 160.026-5 Marking.
(a) General. The month and year of packing and the lot number shall
be embossed on the top of the container. The container shall also be
lithographed on one side in accordance with Sec. 160.026-3(b) with the
following:
``U. S. Coast Guard
Approval No.----''
(Not less than \3/22\ in height)
``Contents
Approx. 10\2/3\ oz.''
(Not less than \3/32\ in height)
``EMERGENCY
DRINKING
WATER''
(Not less than \2/3\ in height)
(Name and address of packer)
(Not less than \1/8\ in height)
(b) Other marking. In addition to any other marking placed on the
smallest packing carton or box in which emergency drinking water
containers are placed prior to shipment, each carton or box shall be
plainly and permanently marked with the name and address of the packer,
the month and year of packing, and the lot number.
[CGFR 53-25, 18 FR 7865, Dec. 5, 1953]
Sec. 160.026-6 Sampling, inspection, and tests of production lots.
(a) General. Containers of emergency drinking water must be tested
in accordance with the provisions of this section by an independent
laboratory accepted by the Coast Guard under 46 CFR 159.010.
(b) Lots. For purposes of sampling the production of approved
emergency drinking water for lifeboats and life rafts, a lot shall
consist of all cans of water to be offered for inspection at one time.
Lots shall be numbered serially by the packer, and a new lot shall be
started with any change or modification in materials or production
methods.
(c) Visual inspection of containers. The independent laboratory
inspector shall select at random from each lot the number of sample
filled containers indicated in table 160.026-6(c), which shall be
examined visually for compliance with the requirements of this subpart.
If the number of defective cans exceeds the acceptance number shown in
the table for the samples selected, the lot shall be rejected.
Table 160.026-6(c)--Sampling for Visual Inspection of Containers
------------------------------------------------------------------------
No. of
Lot size cans in Acceptance
sample number
------------------------------------------------------------------------
800 and under................................ 35 0
801 to 1,300................................. 50 1
1,301 to 3,200............................... 75 2
3,201 to 8,000............................... 110 3
8,001 and over............................... 150 4
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(d) Laboratory tests of containers and water. The manufacturer shall
select at random from each lot the number of sets of 11 filled sample
containers indicated in Table 160.026-6(d1), which shall be forwarded to
an independent laboratory accepted by the Coast Guard under 46 CFR
159.010. The independent laboratory shall perform the tests outlined in
Table 160.026-6(d2). If any sample is found to be non-conforming in any
of these tests, the lot shall be rejected.
[[Page 66]]
Table 160.026-6(d1)--Sampling for Laboratory Tests
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of sets of samples to
Lot size be selected
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3,200 and under......................... 1 set of 11 containers each.
3,201 and over.......................... 2 sets of 11 containers each.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 160.026-6(d)(2)--Description of Laboratory Tests
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reference
Number of containers per set of specification for
samples to be tested Type of test test procedure to
be followed
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2............................... Internal corrosion MIL-W-15117.
and vacuum.
9............................... Bacteriological MIL-W-15117 and
limits and salt U.S. Public
content. Health ``Drinking
Water
Standards.''
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(e) Lot acceptance. When the independent laboratory is satisfied
that the emergency drinking water meets the requirements of this
subpart, the lot shall be accepted. When permitted by the independent
laboratory, rejected lots may be resubmitted for official inspection,
provided all containers in the lot have been reworked by the packer, and
all defective units removed. Emergency drinking water from rejected lots
may not, unless subsequently accepted, be sold or offered for sale under
representation as being in compliance with this subpart or as being
approved for use on merchant vessels.
[CGFR 53-25, 18 FR 7865, Dec. 5, 1953, as amended by CGFR 65-9, 30 FR
11466, Sept. 8, 1965; CGD 75-186, 41 FR 10437, Mar. 11, 1976; CGD 95-
028, 62 FR 51211, Sept. 30, 1997]
Sec. 160.026-7 Procedure for approval.
(a) General. Emergency drinking water for lifeboats and liferafts on
merchant vessels is approved only by the Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard.
(b) Pre-approval samples and plans. Packers who desire to pack
approved emergency drinking water shall have the required tests in
accordance with Sec. 160.026-5 performed by an independent laboratory
accepted by the Coast Guard under 46 CFR 159.010. A copy of the
independent laboratory's report will be forwarded to the Commandant for
examination, and, if satisfactory, an official approval number will be
assigned to the manufacturer for the emergency drinking water.
[CGD 95-028, 62 FR 51211, Sept. 30, 1997]
Subpart 160.027_Life Floats for Merchant Vessels
Source: CGD 79-167, 47 FR 41376, Sept. 20, 1982, unless otherwise
noted.
Sec. 160.027-2 Type.
(a) Each life float must meet the requirements in subpart 160.010 of
this chapter for a peripheral body type buoyant apparatus designed so
that persons supported are only partially immersed (180 N (40 lb.) of
buoyancy per person required).
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.027-3 Additional requirements for life floats.
(a) Each life float must have a platform designed to drop through
the center of the float, whichever way the life float is floating. A
typical arrangement is shown in Figure 160.027-3(a).
(b) The platform must meet the requirements of one of the following
paragraphs:
[[Page 67]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03MR91.008
(1) A lattice type platform must be of western red cedar, port
orford cedar, sitka spruce, northern white pine, or southern cypress
slats constructed on an oak frame. The slats must have nominal cross-
section dimensions not less than 90 mm (3\5/8\ in.) by 9.5 mm (\3/8\
in.). The frame members must have
[[Page 68]]
nominal cross-section dimensions not less than 100 mm (4 in.) by 12.5 mm
(\1/2\ in.). The space between adjacent slats must not exceed the width
of the slats. The space between each frame member and the adjacent slat
must not exceed twice the width of the slats. The platform must be
riveted together at each intersection of----
(i) Frame members,
(ii) Slats, and
(iii) Frame members and slats.
(2) A plywood platform must be made of exterior or marine type
plywood with surfaces that are either ``A'' or ``B'' grade as commonly
designated in the plywood industry. Holes 35 mm (1\3/8\ in.) to 50 mm (2
in.) in diameter must be drilled through the platform. The number of
holes must be at least the number equal to (L-25) (W-25)/225, where L is
the length of the platform in cm and W is the width of the platform in
cm. (The formula is (L-10)(W-10)/36 where L and W are measured in
inches.) The thickness of the plywood must be at least----
(i) 12.5 mm (\1/2\ in.) for life floats of 10 persons capacity and
under,
(ii) 16 mm (\5/8\ in.) for life floats between 11 and 25 persons
capacity inclusive, and
(iii) 19 mm (\3/4\ in.) for life floats of 26 persons capacity and
over.
(3) A platform of construction differing from that described in
either (1) or (2) of this paragraph will be approved if it has holes to
permit the passage of water and if it passes the tests in Sec. 160.027-
7. The number of holes must be the same as required for a plywood
platform. If the platform is netting on a frame, the netting must be
constructed of cordage with a breaking strength of at least 1600 N (355
lb.). The netting must be constructed on not more than 5 cm (2 in.)
centers and must be knotted together at each point where the lines
intersect.
(c) Each platform must be of a material that is resistant to
deterioration by exposure to weather or must have a surface that
protects it from deterioration by exposure to weather. For a wood
platform, this surface must be at least two coats of water resistant
spar varnish, or two coats of marine paint.
(d) Each part of the platform, including surfaces, edges, and rivets
must be smooth and must not have cutting edges, points, or splinters
which would be dangerous for bare feet.
(e) The platform must be arranged so that under normal stowed
conditions, it can be retained in the center of the float and can be
readily released from this position for use.
(f) The platform must be suspended from the body of the float by a
net or an equivalent arrangement, which when fully extended, holds the
top of the platform approximately 900 mm (36 in.) below the center of
the float body.
(1) The net must be constructed of cordage with a minimum breaking
strength of 1600 N (355 lb.). The net must be attached to the platform
through holes on centers that do not exceed 165 mm (6\1/2\ in.).
(2) If the platform is suspended from the body of the float by an
arrangement other than a net as described in paragraph (c)(1) of this
section, the arrangement must be of equivalent to the net in terms of
strength, resistance to tangling, and allowing the platform to freely
pass through the center of the life float body.
Sec. 160.027-7 Pre-approval tests for alternate platform designs.
(a) The tests in this section are for life float platforms that do
not meet the requirements of either Sec. 160.027-3(b) (1) or (2).
(b) The float body must be supported so that the platform is
suspended in the air by the net or equivalent supporting arrangement.
The platform must be loaded evenly with a weight equal to 60 percent of
the weight of the total number of persons for which the float is to be
rated, assuming a weight of 75 kg (165 lb.) per person. The weight must
be allowed to remain on the platform for ten minutes after which it is
removed. The supporting arrangement and platform must not show any
evidence of damage or permanent deformation as a result of this test.
(c) The float body must be supported so that the platform is
suspended in the air by the net or equivalent supporting arrangement. A
bag of sand, shot or similar granular material weighing 90 kg (200 lb.)
must be dropped onto the center of the platform
[[Page 69]]
from a height of 3 m (10 ft.). The supporting arrangement and platform
must not show any damage that would affect the serviceability of the
float or platform.
(d) As part of the buoyancy test required in Sec. 160.010-7(e) of
this chapter, the platform must be loaded with weights equal to \1/2\
the rated capacity of the float. There must be no damage to the
supporting arrangement or platform as a result of this test.
Note: Since the weights on the platform will be submerged during
this test, allowance must be made for the displacement of the submerged
weights. The weight required is calculated by the formula W=(18d)/(d-
4895), where W is the required submerged weight per person (in kg) and d
is the density of the material (in kg/m\3\). (In customary U.S. units,
the formula is W=40d)/(d-63) where W is in lb. and d is in lb./ft.\3\).
Subpart 160.028_Signal Pistols for Red Flare Distress Signals
Source: CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73078, Dec. 17, 1979, unless
otherwise noted.
Sec. 160.028-2 Type.
(a) Each signal pistol for launching a parachute distress signal
that meets subpart 160.024 of this part must be of the center-firing
type having chamber and bore dimensions within the limits indicated by
Figure No. 160.028-2(a).
(b) A signal pistol for launching an aerial flare not under
paragraph (a) of this section may have any chamber and bore dimensions
if they are not the dimensions for a conventional round of ammunition.
Sec. 160.028-3 Materials, workmanship, construction, and performance
requirements.
(a) Materials. The materials used in signal pistols shall conform
strictly to the specifications and drawings submitted by the
manufacturer and approved by the Commandant. In general, all parts shall
be corrosion-resistant or properly protected against corrosion. The
ejection mechanism shall be of material possessing excellent wearing
qualities.
(b) Workmanship. Signal pistols shall be of first class workmanship
and shall be free from imperfections of manufacture affecting their
serviceability or appearance.
(c) Construction and performance requirements. (Pistols intended for
signals meeting Subpart 160.024). Signal pistols shall be of rugged
construction and shall operate satisfactorily in firing and ejecting
pistol-projected parachute red flare distress signals of the type
covered by Subpart 160.024. The ejection mechanism shall be of sturdy
design capable of withstanding rough and repeated usage. The overall
size and weight of signal pistols should be kept to a minimum consistent
with adequate strength and safety. When the pistol is cocked and the
trigger is pulled, the firing pin shall project between 1.52 mm and 2.54
mm (0.060 in. and 0.100 in.) beyond the face plate of the frame. When
the barrel is locked in the firing position, the barrel chamber shall be
not more than 0.25 mm (0.010 in.) from the face plate of the frame.
Sec. 160.028-4 Approval and production tests.
(a) Approval test. An independent laboratory accepted by the
Commandant under Sec. 159.010 of this chapter must test three pistols in
accordance with the operational test in paragraph (c) of this section.
(b) Production inspections and tests. Production inspections and
tests of each pistol must be conducted under the procedures in
Sec. 159.007 of this chapter. Each pistol which passes the production
inspections and tests must be stamped with the letters ``P.T.'' Each
pistol which fails the test must not be represented as meeting this
subpart or as being approved by the Coast Guard.
(1) Inspections and tests by the manufacturer. The manufacturer's
quality control procedures must include the inspection of the pistols
during production, and inspection of the finished pistols, to determine
that the pistols are being produced in accordance with the approved
plans. Each pistol must be tested in accordance with the operational
test in paragraph (c) of this section, except that checking of the
chamber and bore dimensions is not required.
(2) Inspections and tests by an independent laboratory. An
independent laboratory accepted by the Commandant
[[Page 70]]
under Sec. 159.010 of this Chapter must inspect and test three pistols
at least one each year. The inspection must determine that the pistols
are being produced in accordance with the approved plans. The test must
be in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.
(c) Operational test. The operational test must be conducted as
follows:
(1) Check the chamber and bore dimensions of the pistol.
(2) Fire a dummy cartridge simulating a normal signal in size and
weight, but with a charge double the normal charge.
(3) Fire a normal signal.
[[Page 71]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03MR91.009
(4) Recheck the chamber and bore dimensions.
(5) The pistol must fire the signal properly, must not have any
visible deformation or damage as a result of the test, and must not have
any change in the chamber and bore dimensions.
[[Page 72]]
Sec. 160.028-5 Marking.
(a) General. Each signal pistol shall be permanently and legibly
marked with its serial number, Coast Guard approval number, and the name
and address of the manufacturer.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.028-6 Container.
(a) General. Containers for the stowage of signal pistols and pistol
projected parachute red flare distress signals in lifeboats and life
rafts on merchant vessels are not required to have specific approval or
to be of specific design except for certain material, marking, and test
requirements, which requirements are contained in Sec. 160.024-6 of
subpart 160.024.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.028-7 Procedure for approval.
(a) Signals are approved by the Coast Guard under the procedures in
subpart 159.005 of this chapter.
(b) [Reserved]
Subpart 160.031_Line-Throwing Appliance, Shoulder Gun Type (and
Equipment)
Source: CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73080, Dec. 17, 1979, unless
otherwise noted.
Sec. 160.031-1 Incorporation by reference.
(a) The following Federal specification is incorporated by reference
into this subpart:
(1) T-R-605 b, December 13, 1963 and Amendment 3, April 17, 1973--
Rope, Manila, and Sisal.
(b) The Federal specification may be obtained from Military
Specifications and Standards, Standardization Documents Order Desk,
Building 4D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, https://
assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/. This specification is also on file in
the Federal Register library.
(c) Approval to incorporate by reference the material listed in this
section was obtained from the Director of the Federal Register on
September 24, 1979.
[CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73080, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by
USCG-2013-0671, 78 FR 60156, Sept. 30, 2013]
Sec. 160.031-2 Type and size.
(a) The shoulder gun type line-throwing appliance shall be breech-
loading for the cartridge and muzzle-loading for the projectile, of not
more than 13 mm (0.50 in.) caliber, chambered for blank rifle
cartridges, smooth bored, and properly stocked, with shot line canister
attached in a position below the barrel.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.031-3 Materials, construction, workmanship, and performance
requirements.
(a) All materials used in the construction of shoulder gun type
line-throwing appliances and equipment shall be of good quality,
suitable for the purpose intended, and shall conform to the requirements
of this specification. The choice of materials shall be such that
resistance to corrosion by salt water or spray, shock, temperature
change, and wear will be obtained. The use of dissimilar metals in
combination shall be avoided wherever possible, but when such contacts
are necessary, provision shall be made to prevent such deleterious
effects as galvanic corrosion, freezing or buckling of moving parts, and
loosening or tightening of joints due to difference in coefficients of
thermal expansion.
(b) The design and construction shall be proper and substantial for
effective and safe operation aboard ship.
(c) The workmanship shall be first class and free from any
imperfections of manufacture affecting appearance or serviceability of
the gun.
(d) The gun, when loaded and fired in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions, shall be capable of propelling through
relatively still air, the service projectile with service line attached,
for a distance of not less than 75 m (250 ft.) with deviation from the
target not to exceed 4.5 m (15 ft.) either side.
Sec. 160.031-4 Equipment for shoulder gun type line-throwing appliance.
(a) Ten service projectiles, each machined from steel or bronze,
weighing about 225 g (8 oz.), and having a shank of sufficient length to
project slightly beyond the muzzle, with an eye at the upper end for
securing the service line.
[[Page 73]]
(b) Four service lines, each not less than 180 m (600 ft.) in
length, of 1.5 mm (\1/16\-in.) or more in diameter, woven or braided
nylon, very flexible, and having a breaking strength of not less than
625 N (140 lb.), or equivalent. Each line shall be one continuous length
without splice, knot, or other weakening features and shall be made up
or coiled in such way as to render it ready at all times for immediate
use. The end of the line intended to be attached to projectile shall
have securely attached thereto a substantial tag bearing a permanent
legend indicating its purpose, and the other end of the line shall be
tagged in the same manner to prevent delay in securing proper and
immediate action with the equipment. The line shall be coiled or reeled
in such manner that when all the line leaves the canister it
automatically becomes unattached and free from the canister and the gun.
The line canister shall be secured by clamps or brackets below the
barrel of the gun.
(c) One auxiliary line consisting of at least 150 m (500 ft.) of 7.5
mm (3 in.) circumference manila complying with federal specification T-
R-605.
(d) Twenty-five cartridges of the caliber and loading specified in
the instructions furnished by the manufacturer of the gun. The
cartridges shall be blank with waterproof paper wad.
(e) One cleaning rod with brush.
(f) One can of oil suitable for cleaning the gun and preserving the
finish of the metal parts.
(g) Twelve wiping patches of a size suitable for cleaning the bore.
(h) One set of instructions including a list of the equipment
furnished with the gun, the proper caliber and loading of the cartridges
to be used in firing the gun, information as to the proper maintenance
of the gun and equipment, and directions for loading and firing in
service use shall be permanently engraved in plastic and mounted
conspicuously in the case or box required by Sec. 160.031-4(i).
(i) A suitable case or box, properly compartmented for stowage of
the appliance and auxiliary equipment, is required for stowage on
merchant vessels. The auxiliary line need not be stowed in the case.
Sec. 160.031-5 Approval and production tests.
(a) Approval test. An independent laboratory accepted by the
Commandant under Sec. 159.010 of this chapter must test an appliance in
accordance with the operational test in paragraph (c) of this section.
(b) Production inspections and tests. Production inspections and
tests of each appliance must be conducted under the procedures in
Sec. 159.007 of this chapter. Each appliance which fails the inspections
and tests must not be represented as meeting this Subpart or as being
approved by the Coast Guard.
(1) Inspections and tests by the manufacturer. The manufacturer's
quality control procedures must include the inspection of appliances
during production as well as inspection of finished appliances to
determine that the appliances are being produced in accordance with the
approved plans. Each appliance must be tested in accordance with
paragraph (c) of this section except that the projectile may be fired
without a service line attached, and the distance and deviation do not
have to be measured.
(2) Inspections and test by an independent laboratory. An
independent laboratory accepted by the Commandant under Sec. 159.010 of
this chapter must inspect and test one appliance at least once each
year. The inspection must determine that the appliances are being
produced in accordance with the approved plans. The test must be in
accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.
(c) Operational test. The operational test must be conducted as
follows:
(1) Three rounds must be fired by the gun, at least one of which
must be with a service line attached to a projectile.
(2) The projectile must be fired first by aiming it down an open
course, and measuring the distance and deviation of the projectile.
(3) After the projectile is fired, the other two rounds must be
fired.
(4) The distance and deviation of the projectile must be in
accordance with Sec. 160.031-3(d) the gun must fire each round properly
and the gun must not be fractured or damaged by the test.
[[Page 74]]
Sec. 160.031-6 Marking.
(a) Gun. The gun shall be permanently and legibly marked on the
barrel with the manufacturer's model or type designation of the gun, the
serial number for the gun, the official Coast Guard approval number, and
the name of the manufacturer. The gun stock shall have recessed in it a
brass or other corrosion-resistant plate showing legible maintenance
instructions for the care of the gun and its parts to prevent corrosion.
After the proof test, the gun barrel shall be marked with the letters
``P.T.'' and the name or mark of the company.
(b) Projectile. Projectiles shall be permanently and legibly marked
with the name of the manufacturer.
(c) Line and container. The end of a service line intended to be
attached to the projectile shall have securely attached thereto a
substantial tag bearing a permanent legend indicating its purpose, and
the other end of the line shall be tagged in the same manner to prevent
delay in securing proper and immediate action with the equipment. The
container of new service lines shall bear the name of the manufacturer,
date of manufacture, and a statement to the effect that in all respects
the line meets the requirements of this subpart for service lines. Line
canisters and reels shall bear the name of the manufacturer.
[CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73080, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by
USCG-2014-0688, 79 FR 58285, Sept. 29, 2014]
Sec. 160.031-7 Procedure for approval.
(a) Shoulder gun line throwing appliances are approved by the Coast
Guard under the procedures in subpart 159.005 of this chapter.
(b) [Reserved]
Subpart 160.032-035 [Reserved]
Subpart 160.036_Hand-Held Rocket-Propelled Parachute Red Flare Distress
Signals
Source: CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73081, Dec. 17, 1979, unless
otherwise noted.
Sec. 160.036-1 Incorporation by reference.
(a) The following is incorporated by reference into this subpart:
(1) ``The Universal Color Language'' and ``The Color Names
Dictionary'' in Color: Universal Language and Dictionary of Names,
National Bureau of Standards Special Publication 440, December 1976.
(b) NBS Special Publication 440 may be obtained by ordering from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, DC 20402 (Order by SD Catalog No. C13.10:440).
(c) Approval to incorporate by reference the material listed in this
section was obtained from the Director of the Federal Register on
November 1, 1979. The material is on file in the Federal Register
library.
Sec. 160.036-2 Type.
(a) Handheld rocket-propelled parachute red flare distress signals
specified by this subpart shall be of one type which shall consist
essentially of a completely self-contained device which can be fired
from the hand to provide a rocket-propelled parachute red flare distress
signal.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.036-3 Materials, workmanship, construction and performance
requirements.
(a) Materials. The materials used in handheld rocket-propelled
parachute red flare distress signals shall conform strictly to the
specifications and drawings submitted by the manufacturer and approved
by the Commandant. In general, all exposed parts shall be corrosion-
resistant or properly protected against corrosion.
(b) Workmanship. Handheld rocket-propelled parachute red flare
distress signals shall be of first class workmanship and shall be free
from imperfections of manufacture affecting their appearance or that may
affect their serviceability.
(c) Construction. The exterior case of the cartridge shall be made
of a suitable metal and shall protect against the entrance of moisture.
The construction shall be such that the parachute and pyrotechnic candle
will be
[[Page 75]]
expelled at approximately the maximum altitude reached.
(d) Performance. Signals shall meet all of the inspection and test
requirements contained in Sec. 160.036-4.
Sec. 160.036-4 Approval and production tests.
(a) Approval tests. The manufacturer must produce a lot of at least
100 signals from which samples must be taken for testing for approval
under Sec. 160.036-7. The approval tests are the operational tests and
technical tests in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section. The approval
tests must be conducted by an independent laboratory accepted by the
Commandant under Sec. 159.010 of this chapter.
(b) Production inspections and tests. Production inspections and
tests of each lot of signals produced must be conducted under the
procedures in Sec. 159.007 of this chapter. Signals from a rejected lot
must not be represented as meeting this Subpart or as being approved by
the Coast Guard. If the manufacturer identifies the cause of the
rejection of a lot of signals, the signals in the lot may be reworked by
the manufacturer to correct the problem. Samples from the rejected lot
must be retested in order to be accepted. Records shall be kept of the
reasons for rejection, the reworking performed on the rejected lot, and
the results of the second test.
(1) Lot size. For the purposes of sampling the production of
signals, a lot must consist of not more than 30,000 signals. Lots must
be numbered serially by the manufacturer. A new lot must be started
with:
(i) Any change in construction details,
(ii) Any changes in sources of raw materials, or
(iii) The start of production on a new production line or on a
previously discontinued production line.
(2) Inspections and tests by the manufacturer. The manufacturer's
quality control procedures must include inspection of materials entering
into construction of the signals and inspection of the finished signals,
to determine that signals are being produced in accordance with the
approved plans. Samples from each lot must be tested in accordance with
the operational tests in paragraph (c) of this section.
(3) Inspections and test by an independent laboratory. An
independent laboratory accepted by the Commandant under Sec. 159.010 of
this chapter must perform or supervise the inspections and tests under
paragraph (b)(2) of this section at least 4 times a year, unless the
number of lots produced in a year is less than four. The inspections and
tests must occur at least once during each quarterly period, unless no
lots are produced during this period. If less than four lots are
produced, the laboratory must perform or supervise the inspection and
testing of each lot. In addition, the laboratory must perform or
supervise the technical tests in paragraph (d) of this section at least
once for every ten lots of signals produced, except that the number of
technical tests must be at least one but not more than four per year. If
a lot of signals tested by the independent laboratory is rejected, the
laboratory must perform or supervise the inspections and tests of the
reworked lot and the next lot of signals produced. The tests of each
reworked lot and the next lot produced must not be counted for the
purpose of meeting the requirement for the annual number of inspections
and tests performed or supervised by the independent laboratory.
(c) Operational tests. Each lot of signals must be sampled and
tested as follows:
(1) Sampling procedure and accept/reject criteria. A sample of
signals must be selected at random from the lot. The size of the sample
must be the individual sample size in Table 160.036-4(c)(1)
corresponding to the lot size. Each signal in the sample is tested as
prescribed in the test procedure in paragraph (c)(2) of this section.
Each signal that has a defect listed in the table of defects (Table
160.036-4(c)(2)) is assigned a score (failure percent) in accordance
with that table. In the case of multiple defects, only the score having
the highest numerical value is assigned to that signal. If the sum of
all the failure percents (cumulative failure percent) for the number of
units in the sample is less than or equal to the accept criterion, the
lot is accepted. If this sum is equal to or more than the
[[Page 76]]
reject criterion the lot is rejected. If the cumulative failure percent
falls between the accept and reject criteria, another sample is selected
from the production lot and the operational tests are repeated. The
cumulative failure percent of each sample tested is added to that of the
previous samples to obtain the cumulative failure percent for all the
signals tested (cumulative sample size). Additional samples are tested
and the tests repeated until either the accept or reject criterion for
the cumulative sample size is met. If any signal in the sample explodes
when fired or ignites in a way that could burn or otherwise injure the
person firing it, the lot is rejected without further testing. (This
procedure is diagrammed in figure 160.036-4(c)).
(2) Test procedure. Each sample signal (specimen) must be tested as
follows:
(i) Conditioning of test specimens--water resistant. Immerse
specimen horizontally with uppermost portion of the signal approximately
25 mm (1 in.) below the surface of the water for a period of 24 hours.
(ii) Firing and operating characteristics. Signals shall fire and
operate satisfactorily when the manufacturer's directions are followed.
The parachute and pyrotechnic candle shall be ejected at approximately
the maximum altitude reached by the projectile case. The parachute shall
open and properly suspend the pyrotechnic candle without fouling. The
pyrotechnic candle shall burn with uniform intensity and without
damaging the parachute, shrouds, or leader line.
(iii) Altitude. The altitude reached by a signal is considered to be
the height at which the parachute and pyrotechnic candle are ejected
from the projectile case, as determined by visual observation against an
object of known height, such as a tower or balloon, or by triangulation
from two or more points of observation, or by other method satisfactory
to the Commandant. The altitude reached shall be not less than 150 m
(500 ft.).
(iv) Rate of descent. The rate of descent of a signal is considered
to be the calculated average rate obtained by dividing the altitude by
the time of descent to the surface. The rate of descent shall not exceed
4.5 m (15 ft.) per second.
(v) Burning time. The burning time of the pyrotechnic candle shall
be obtained by stop watch measurement from the time a distinct,
sustained flame is emitted until it ceases. The burning time shall be
not less than 30 seconds.
Table 160.036-4(c)(1)--Accept and Reject Criteria for Operational Test Lots
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Individual Cumulative
Lot size sample Sample sample Accept Reject
size size \1\ \1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
280 or 8 First.................... 8 ( \2\ 400
)
less. .......... Second................... 16 100 500
.......... Third.................... 24 200 600
.......... Fourth................... 32 300 700
.......... Fifth.................... 40 500 800
.......... Sixth.................... 48 700 900
.......... Seventh.................. 56 950 951
281 to 13 First.................... 13 0 400
500. .......... Second................... 26 100 600
.......... Third.................... 39 300 800
.......... Fourth................... 52 500 1,000
.......... Fifth.................... 65 700 1,100
.......... Sixth.................... 78 1,000 1,200
.......... Seventh.................. 91 1,350 1,351
501 to 20 First.................... 20 0 500
1,200. .......... Second................... 40 300 800
.......... Third.................... 60 600 1,000
.......... Fourth................... 80 800 1,300
.......... Fifth.................... 100 1,100 1,500
.......... Sixth.................... 120 1,400 1,700
.......... Seventh.................. 140 1,850 1,851
1,201 to 32 First.................... 32 100 700
3,200. .......... Second................... 64 400 1,000
.......... Third.................... 96 800 1,300
.......... Fourth................... 128 1,200 1,700
.......... Fifth.................... 160 1,700 2,000
.......... Sixth.................... 192 2,100 2,300
.......... Seventh.................. 224 2,550 2,551
More 50 First.................... 50 200 900
than .......... Second................... 100 700 1,400
3,201. .......... Third.................... 150 1,300 1,900
.......... Fourth................... 200 1,900 2,500
.......... Fifth.................... 250 2,500 2,900
.......... Sixth.................... 300 3,100 3,300
.......... Seventh.................. 350 3,750 3,751
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Cumulative failure percent.
\2\ Lot may not be accepted. Next sample must be tested.
Table 160.036-4(c)(2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percentage
Kind of defect of failure
------------------------------------------------------------------------
a. Failure to fire......................................... 100
b. Failure to eject projectile contents.................... 100
c. Failure to ignite pyrotechnic candle.................... 100
d. Failure of parachute to open completely................. 75
e. Complete carrying away or destruction of parachute...... 75
f. Altitude less than 70 pct of that required.............. 100
g. Altitude less than 70 pct but less than 80 pct of that 75
required..................................................
h. Altitude at least 80 pct but less than 90 pct of that 50
required..................................................
[[Page 77]]
i. Altitude at least 90 pct but less than 100 pct of that 25
required..................................................
j. Average rate of descent greater than four times maximum 100
permitted.................................................
k. Average rate of descent less than 4 but greater than 3 75
times maximum permitted...................................
l. Average rate of descent less than 3 but greater than 2 50
times maximum permitted...................................
m. Average rate of descent less than twice but greater than 25
maximum permitted.........................................
n. Burning time less than 70 pct of that required.......... 100
o. Burning time at least 70 pct but less than 80 pct of 75
that required.............................................
p. Burning time at least 80 pct but less than 90 pct of 50
that required.............................................
q. Burning time at least 90 pct but less than 100 pct of 25
that required.............................................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 78]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03MR91.010
(d) Technical tests. Three signals must be subjected to each of the
following tests. Two of the three signals must pass each test in order
for the lot of signals to be accepted.
(1) Luminous intensity. The luminous intensity of each pyrotechnic
candle
[[Page 79]]
tested shall be measured by a visual photometer or equivalent
photometric device while the specimen is supported in a horizontal
position and the photometer is at right angles to the axis of the
specimen. Visual luminous intensity readings shall be observed and
recorded at approximately 5-second intervals during the burning of the
specimen. The minimum photometric distance shall be 3 m (10 ft.).
Recording photometers shall have a chart speed of at least 10 cm (4 in.)
per minute. The luminous intensity of the specimen shall be computed as
the arithmetical average of the readings recorded. The average luminous
intensity of a specimen shall be not less than 20,000 candela.
(2) Elevated temperature, humidity, and storage. Place specimen in a
thermostatically controlled even-temperature oven held at 75 C. with
not less than 90 percent relative humidity for 72 hours. Remove specimen
and store at room temperature (20 to 25 C.) with approximately 65
percent relative humidity for ten days. If for any reason it is not
possible to operate the oven continuously for the 72-hour period, it may
be operated at the required temperature and humidity for 8 hours out of
each 24 during the 72-hour conditioning period. (Total of 24 hours on
and 48 hours off.) The signal shall not ignite or decompose during this
conditioning. The signal shall fire and operate satisfactorily following
this conditioning.
(3) Spontaneous ignition. Place the specimen in a thermostatically
controlled even-temperature oven held at 75 C. with not more than 10%
relative humidity for 48 consecutive hours. The signal shall not ignite
or undergo marked decomposition.
(4) Chromaticity. The color of the burning signal must be vivid red
as defined by Sections 13 and 14 of the ``Color Names Dictionary.'' Two
identical test plates of white cardboard about 30 cm x 60 cm
(12 x 24) are used. Except for a negligible amount
of stray daylight, the first test plate is illuminated by light from the
specimen placed at a distance of about 1.5 m (5 ft.). The second test
plate is illuminated only by light from an incandescent lamp operated at
a color temperature close to 2,848 K at a distance of about 30 cm (1
ft.). The first plate is viewed directly, the second through
combinations of Lovibond red, yellow, and blue glasses selected so as to
approximate a chromaticity match. By separating the test plates by a
wide unilluminated area (subtending at the observer about 45), it is
possible to make accurate determinations of chromaticity in terms of the
1931 CIE Standard Observer and Coordinate System, in spite of
fluctuations in luminous intensity of the specimen by factors as high as
2 or 3. The CIE coordinates are converted to the Munsell notation which
is cross-referenced to the color name in Section 13 of the ``Color Names
Dictionary'' (see the discussion in Section 10 of ``The Universal Color
Language'').
[CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73081, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by
USCG-2014-0688, 79 FR 58285, Sept. 29, 2014]
Sec. 160.036-5 Marking.
(a) General. Each hand-held rocket-propelled parachute red flare
distress signal shall be legibly marked or labeled as follows:
(Company brand or style designation) Hand-Held Rocket-Propelled
Parachute Red Flare Distress Signal--20,000 candela--30 seconds burning
time. Use Only When Aircraft or Vessel Is Sighted. Directions--(In
numbered paragraphs, simply worded instructions for firing the device).
Service Life Expiration Date (date to be inserted by manufacturer)
(Month and year manufactured) (Lot No.----) Manufactured by (Name and
address of manufacturer) U.S. Coast Guard Approval No.----.
(b) Marking of expiration date. The expiration date must be not more
than 42 months from the date of manufacture.
(c) Other marking. (1) On each hand-held rocket propelled parachute
red flare distress signal there shall be die-stamped in figures not less
than 3 mm (\1/8\ in.) high, on the signal, numbers indicating the month
and year of manufacture, thus: ``6-54'' indicating June, 1954.
(2) The pyrotechnic candle shall be legibly marked with the month
and year of manufacture.
(3) In addition to any other marking place on the smallest packing
carton or box containing signals, each carton or
[[Page 80]]
box shall be plainly and permanently marked to show the service life
expiration date, date of manufacture, and lot number.
(4) The largest carton or box in which the manufacturer ships
signals must be marked with the following or equivalent words: ``Keep
under cover in a dry place.''
Note: Compliance with the labeling requirements of this section does
not relieve the manufacturer of the responsibility of complying with the
label requirements of 15 U.S.C. 1263, the Federal Hazardous Substances
Act.
Sec. 160.036-6 Container.
(a) General. The container for storing the signals on lifeboats and
liferafts is not required to be of a special design or be approved by
the Coast Guard. The container must meet the requirements in Subpart
160.021 (Sec. 160.021-6) except that the wording on the container must
be:
Hand-Held Rocket-Propelled Parachute Red Flare Distress Signals
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.036-7 Procedure for approval.
(a) Signals are approved by the Coast Guard under the procedures in
subpart 159.005 of this chapter.
(b) [Reserved]
Subpart 160.037_Hand Orange Smoke Distress Signals
Source: CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73085, Dec. 17, 1979, unless
otherwise noted.
Sec. 160.037-1 Incorporation by reference.
(a) The following are incorporated by reference into this subpart:
(1) ``The Color Names Dictionary'' in Color: Universal Language and
Dictionary of Names, National Bureau of Standards Special Publication
440, December 1976.
(2) ``Development of a Laboratory Test for Evaluation of the
Effectiveness of Smoke Signals,'' National Bureau of Standards Report
4792, July 1956.
(b) NBS Special Publication 440 may be obtained by ordering from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, DC 20402 (Order by SD Catalog No. C13.10:440).
(c) NBS Report 4792 may be obtained from Coast Guard Headquarters.
Contact Commandant (CG-ENG), Attn: Office of Design and Engineering
Systems, U.S. Coast Guard Stop 7509, 2703 Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue
SE., Washington, DC 20593-7509.
(d) Approval to incorporate by reference the materials listed in
this section was obtained from the Director of the Federal Register on
November 1 and 29, 1979. The materials are on file in the Federal
Register library.
[CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73085, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by CGD
82-063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3, 1983; CGD 88-070, 53 FR 34535, Sept. 7,
1988; CGD 95-072, 60 FR 50467, Sept. 29, 1995; CGD 96-041, 61 FR 50733,
Sept. 27, 1996; USCG-2009-0702, 74 FR 49237, Sept. 25, 2009; USCG-2013-
0671, 78 FR 60156, Sept. 30, 2013]
Sec. 160.037-2 Type.
(a) Hand orange smoke distress signals specified by this subpart
shall be one type which shall consist essentially of a wooden handle to
which is attached a tubular casing having a sealing plug at the handle
end, the casing being filled with a smoke producing composition and fuse
with button of ignition material at the top, and a removable cap having
a friction striking material on its top which may be exposed for use by
pulling a tear strip. The signal is ignited by scraping the friction
striker on top of the cap against the igniter button on top of the body
of the signal. Alternate arrangements which conform to the performance
requirements of this specification will be given special consideration.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.037-3 Materials, workmanship, construction, and performance
requirements.
(a) Materials. The materials shall conform strictly to the
specifications and drawings submitted by the manufacturer and approved
by the Commandant. The color of the tube shall be orange. The
combustible materials shall be of such nature as will not deteriorate
during long storage, nor when subjected to frigid or tropical climates,
or both.
[[Page 81]]
(b) Workmanship. Hand orange smoke distress signals shall be of
first class workmanship and shall be free from imperfections of
manufacture affecting their appearance or that may affect their
serviceability. Moisture proof coatings shall be applied uniformly and
shall be free from pinholes or other visible defects which would impair
their usefulness.
(c) Construction. The casing shall be fitted and secured to the
handle with not less than a 25 mm (1 in.) overlap and shall be attached
to the handle in such a manner that failure of the joint will not occur
during tests, ignition, or operation. The plug shall be securely affixed
in the casing to separate the smoke composition from the wooden handle.
The smoke composition shall be thoroughly mixed and be uniformly
compressed throughout to preclude variations of density which may
adversely affect uniformity of its smoke emitting characteristics. The
cap shall have a lap fit of not less than 25 mm (1 in.) over the end of
the casing and smoke composition to entirely and securely protect the
exposed surface of the igniter button and end of smoke composition and
casing, and shall have an inner shoulder so constructed that it is
mechanically impossible for the inner surface of the cap to come in
contact with the igniter button. The cap shall be securely attached to
the casing in such manner as to preclude its accidental detachment. The
cap shall be provided on its top with a friction striking material which
shall, by a pull of the tear strip, be entirely exposed for striking the
friction igniter button. The igniter button shall be non-water soluble
or be protected from moisture by a coating of some waterproof substance,
and shall be raised or exposed in such manner as to provide positive
ignition by the friction striker. The igniter button shall be firmly
secured in or on the top of the smoke composition; the arrangement shall
be such that the ignition will be transmitted to the smoke producing
composition. The assembled signal, consisting of tear strip, cap,
casing, and handle, shall be sealed and treated to protect the signal
from deterioration by moisture. The protective waterproof coating shall
be applied so none adheres to the friction striking surface. Special
consideration will be given to alternate waterproofing of the signal by
means of a water-resistant coating on the signal plus packaging in a
sealed plastic waterproof bag satisfactory to the Commandant.
(d) Performance. Signals shall meet all the inspection and test
requirements contained in Sec. 160.037-4.
Sec. 160.037-4 Approval and production tests.
(a) Approval tests. The manufacturer must produce a lot of at least
100 signals from which samples must be taken for testing for approval
under Sec. 160.037-7. The approval tests are the operational tests and
technical tests in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section. The approval
tests must be conducted by an independent laboratory accepted by the
Commandant under Sec. 159.010 of this chapter.
(b) Production inspections and tests. Production inspections and
tests of each lot of signals produced must be conducted under the
procedures in Sec. 159.007 of this chapter. Signals from a rejected lot
must not be represented as meeting this subpart or as being approved by
the Coast Guard. If the manufacturer identifies the cause of the
rejection of a lot of signals, the signals in the lot may be reworked by
the manufacturer to correct the problem. Samples from the rejected lot
must be retested in order to be accepted. Records shall be kept of the
reasons for rejection, the reworking performed on the rejected lot, and
the results of the second test.
(1) Lot size. For the purposes of sampling the production of
signals, a lot must consist of not more than 30,000 signals. Lots must
be numbered serially by the manufacturer. A new lot must be started
with:
(i) Any change in construction details,
(ii) Any change in sources of raw materials, or
(iii) The start of production on a new production line or on a
previously discontinued production line.
(2) Inspections and tests by the manufacturer. The manufacturer's
quality control procedures must include inspection of materials entering
into
[[Page 82]]
construction of the signals and inspection of the finished signals, to
determine that signals are being produced in accordance with the
approved plans. Samples from each lot must be tested in accordance with
the operational tests in paragraph (c) of this section.
(3) Inspections and tests by an independent laboratory. An
independent laboratory accepted by the Commandant under Sec. 159.010 of
this Chapter must perform or supervise the inspections and tests under
paragraph (b)(2) of this section at least 4 times a year, unless the
number of lots produced in a year is less than four. The inspections and
tests must occur at least once during each quarterly period, unless no
lots are produced during this period. If less than four lots are
produced, the laboratory must perform or supervise the inspection and
testing of each lot. In addition, the laboratory must perform or
supervise the technical tests in paragraph (d) of this section at least
once for every ten lots of signals produced, except that the number of
technical tests must be at least one but not more than four per year. If
a lot of signals tested by the independent laboratory is rejected, the
laboratory must perform or supervise the inspections and tests of the
reworked lot and the next lot of signals produced. The tests of each
reworked lot and the next lot produced must not be counted for the
purpose of meeting the requirement for the annual number of inspections
and tests performed or supervised by the independent laboratory.
(c) Operational tests. Each lot of signals must be sampled and
tested as follows:
(1) Sampling procedure and accept/reject criteria. A sample of
signals must be selected at random from the lot. The size of the sample
must be the individual sample size in Table 160.037-4(c)(1)
corresponding to the lot size. Each signal in the sample is tested as
prescribed in the test procedure in paragraph (c)(2) of this section.
Each signal that has a defect listed in the table of defeats (Table
160.037-4(c)(2)) is assigned a score (failure percent) in accordance
with that table. In the case of multiple defects, only the score having
the highest numerical value is assigned to that signal. If the sum of
all the failure percents (cumulative failure percent) for the number of
units in the sample is less than or equal to the accept criterion, the
lot is accepted. If the sum is equal to or more than the reject
criterion the lot is rejected. If the cumulative failure percent falls
between the accept and reject criteria, another sample is selected from
the production lot and the operational tests are repeated. The
cumulative failure percent of each sample tested is added to that of the
previous samples to obtain the cumulative failure percent for all the
signals tested (cumulative sample size). Additional samples are tested
and the tests repeated until either the accept or reject criterion for
the cumulative sample size is met. If any signal in the sample explodes
when fired, or ignites in a way that could burn or otherwise injure the
person firing it, the lot is rejected without further testing. (This
procedure is diagrammed in figure 160.037-4(c)).
(2) Test procedure. Each sample signal (specimen) must be tested as
follows:
(i) Conditioning of test specimens--water resistance. Immerse
specimen horizontally with uppermost portion of the signal approximately
25 mm (1 in.) below the surface of the water for a period of 24 hours.
If the signal is protected by alternate waterproofing consisting of a
water-resistant coating on the signal plus packaging in a sealed plastic
waterproof bag, the 24-hour water immersion conditioning will be
conducted while the signal is in the sealed plastic waterproof bag and
will be followed by an additional immersion of the bare signal (i.e.,
after removal from the bag) 25 mm (1 in.) below the surface of the water
for a period of 10 minutes.
(ii) Waterproofing of igniter button. Remove the cap from the test
specimen. Place head of specimen without cap about 25 mm (1 in.) under
the surface of water for approximately 5 minutes. Remove specimen from
the water and wipe dry.
(iii) Smoke emitting time. Ignite specimen according to directions
printed on the signal. The smoke emitting time of a specimen shall be
obtained by stop watch measurements from the time of distinct, sustained
smoke emission until it ceases. The watch shall be
[[Page 83]]
stopped during periods of flame emission. The smoke emitting time for a
specimen shall be not less than 50 seconds.
(iv) Ignition and smoke emitting characteristics. Test specimens
shall ignite and emit smoke properly when the directions on the signal
are followed. Test specimens shall not ignite explosively in a manner
that might be dangerous to the user or persons close by. The plug
separating the smoke producing composition from the handle shall in no
case allow flame or hot gases to pass through it or between it and the
casing in such manner as might burn the hand while holding the signal by
the handle.
Table 160.037-4(c)(1)--Accept and reject criteria for operational test lots
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cumula-
Individual tive Accept Reject
Lot size sample Sample sample \1\ \1\
size size
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
280 or 8 First..................... 8 ( \2\ 400
)
less. .......... Second.................... 16 100 500
.......... Third..................... 24 200 600
.......... Fourth.................... 32 300 700
.......... Fifth..................... 40 500 800
.......... Sixth..................... 48 700 900
.......... Seventh................... 56 950 951
281 to 13 First..................... 13 0 400
500. .......... Second.................... 26 100 600
.......... Third..................... 39 300 800
.......... Fourth.................... 52 500 1,000
.......... Fifth..................... 65 700 1,100
.......... Sixth..................... 78 1,000 1,200
.......... Seventh................... 91 1,350 1,351
501 to 20 First..................... 20 0 500
1,200. .......... Second.................... 40 300 800
.......... Third..................... 60 600 1,000
.......... Fourth.................... 80 800 1,300
.......... Fifth..................... 100 1,100 1,500
.......... Sixth..................... 120 1,400 1,700
.......... Seventh................... 140 1,850 1,851
1,201 to 32 First..................... 32 100 700
3,200. .......... Second.................... 64 400 1,000
.......... Third..................... 96 800 1,300
.......... Fourth.................... 128 1,200 1,700
.......... Fifth..................... 160 1,700 2,000
.......... Sixth..................... 192 2,100 2,300
.......... Seventh................... 224 2,550 2,551
More 50 First..................... 50 200 900
than .......... Second.................... 100 700 1,400
3,201. .......... Third..................... 150 1,300 1,900
.......... Fourth.................... 200 1,900 2,500
.......... Fifth..................... 250 2,500 2,900
.......... Sixth..................... 300 3,100 3,300
.......... Seventh................... 350 3,750 3,751
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Cumulative failure percent.
\2\ Lot may not be accepted. Next sample must be tested.
Table 160.037-4(c)(2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Percentage
Kind of defects of failure
------------------------------------------------------------------------
a. Failure to ignite....................................... 100
b. Ignites or burns dangerously............................ 50
c. Non-uniform smoke-emitting rate......................... 50
d. Smoke-emitting time less than 70 pct of specified time.. 100
e. Smoke-emitting time at least 70 pct but less than 80 pct 75
of specified time.........................................
f. Smoke-emitting time at least 80 pct but less than 90 pct 50
of specified time.........................................
g. Smoke-emitting time at least 90 pct but less than 100 25
pct of specified time.....................................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 84]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03MR91.011
(d) Technical tests. Three signals must be subjected to each of the
following tests. Two of the three signals must pass each test in order
for the lot of signals to be accepted.
(1) Underwater smoke emission. Condition each sample in accordance
with
[[Page 85]]
paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section. Ignite specimen and let it burn
about 15 seconds in air. Submerge the burning signal in water in a
vertical position with head down. Obtain underwater smoke emission time
by stop watch measurements from time of submersion until smoke emission
ceases. The test specimen shall burn underwater not less than 10 seconds
when subjected to this test.
(2) Bending strength. Place the specimen on supports 15 cm (6 in.)
apart. Attach a weight of 35 kg (77 lb.) to a length of wire. Hang the
weight from the supported signal by looping the wire around the signal
approximately equidistant from the two points of support. Let the weight
hang approximately 5 minutes. The test specimen shall not deflect more
than 7 mm (\1/4\ in.), nor shall the joint between the casing and the
handle fail when subjected to this test.
(3) Tensile strength. Place the specimen in a chuck firmly holding
it about 13 mm (\1/2\ in.) below the cap. Attach a weight of 35 kg (77
lb.) to a length of wire. Hang the weight from the supported signal by
looping the wire through a hole bored perpendicular to and through the
axis of the handle. Let the weight hang approximately 5 minutes. The
test specimen shall not show noticeable distortion, nor shall the joint
between the casing and handle fail, when subjected to this test.
(4) Elevated temperature, humidity and storage. Place specimen in a
thermostatically controlled even-temperature oven held at 75 C. with
not less than 90 percent relative humidity for 72 hours. Remove specimen
and store at room temperature (20 to 25 C.) with approximately 65
percent relative humidity for 10 days. If for any reason it is not
possible to operate the oven continuously for the 72-hour period, it may
be operated at the required temperature and humidity for 8 hours out of
each 24 during the 72-hour conditioning period. (Total of 24 hours on
and 48 hours off.) The signal shall not ignite or decompose during this
conditioning. The signal shall ignite and operate satisfactorily
following this conditioning.
(5) Spontaneous ignition. Place the specimen in a thermostatically
controlled even-temperature oven held at 75 C. with not more than 10%
relative humidity for 48 consecutive hours. The signal shall not ignite
or undergo marked decomposition.
(6) Susceptibility to explosion. Remove smoke composition from
signal and punch a small hole in the composition. Insert a No. 6
commercial blasting cap. Ignite the cap. The test specimen shall not
explode or ignite.
(7) Color of smoke. Ignite specimen in the open air in daytime
according to the directions printed on the signal, and determine the
smoke color by direct visual comparison of the unshadowed portions of
the smoke with a color chart held so as to receive the same daylight
illumination as the unshadowed portions of the smoke. The color of the
smoke must be orange as defined by Sections 13 and 14 of the ``Color
Names Dictionary'' (colors 34-39 and 48-54).
(8) Volume and density of smoke. The test specimen shall show less
than 70 percent transmission for not less than 30 seconds when measured
with apparatus having a light path of 19 cm (7\1/2\ in.), an optical
system aperture of +3.7 degrees, and an entrance air flow of 18.4m\3\
per minute (650 cu. ft. per minute), such apparatus to be as described
in National Bureau of Standards Report No. 4792.
Sec. 160.037-5 Labeling and marking.
(a) Labeling. Each hand orange smoke distress signal shall bear a
label securely affixed thereto, showing in clear, indelible black
lettering on an orange background, the following wording and
information:
(Company brand or style designation)
Hand Orange Smoke Distress Signal
For daytime use--50 seconds burning time
Use Only When Aircraft or Vessel is Sighted
Directions: Pull tape over top of cap. Remove cap and ignite flare
by rubbing scratch surface on top of cap sharply across igniter button
on head of signal.
Caution: Stand with back to wind and point away from body when
igniting or signal is burning.
[[Page 86]]
Service Life Expiration Date (Month and year to be inserted by
manufacturer) (Month and year manufactured) (Lot No.----). Manufactured
by (Name and address of manufacturer). U.S. Coast Guard Approval No.--
--.
(b) Marking of expiration date. The expiration date must not be more
than 42 months from the date of manufacture.
(c) Other marking. (1) There shall be die-stamped, in the side of
the wooden handle in figures not less than 3 mm (\1/8\ in.) high,
numbers indicating the month and year of manufacture, thus: ``6-54''
indicating June, 1954.
(2) In addition to any other marking place on the smallest packing
carton or box containing hand orange smoke distress signals such cartons
or boxes shall be plainly and permanently marked to show the service
life expiration date, date of manufacture, and lot number.
(3) The largest carton or box in which the manufacturer ships
signals must be marked with the following or equivalent words: ``Keep
under cover in a dry place.''
Note: Compliance with the labeling requirements of this section does
not relieve the manufacturer of the responsibility of complying with the
label requirements of 15 U.S.C. 1263, the Federal Hazardous Substances
Act.
Sec. 160.037-6 Container.
(a) General. The container for storing the signals on lifeboats and
liferafts is not required to be of a special design or be approved by
the Coast Guard. The container must meet the requirements in subpart
160.021 (Sec. 160.021-6) except that the wording on the container must
be: ``Hand Orange Smoke Distress Signals.''
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.037-7 Procedure for approval.
(a) Signals are approved by the Coast Guard under the procedures in
subpart 159.005 of this chapter.
(b) [Reserved]
Subpart 160.038_Magazine Chests, Portable, for Merchant Vessels
Source: CGFR 49-43, 15 FR 122 Jan. 11, 1950, unless otherwise noted.
Sec. 160.038-1 Applicable specifications.
(a) There are no other specifications applicable to this subpart.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.038-2 Type.
(a) Portable magazine chests shall be of a type suitable for stowage
of pyrotechnic distress signals, rockets, or powder for line-throwing
guns, and shall be of a size not less than 6 nor more than 40 cubic feet
capacity. Alternate types of construction to that specified below will
be given special consideration.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.038-3 Materials, workmanship, and construction.
(a) Portable magazine chests shall be constructed of metal and lined
with wood.
(b) The lining shall be so fitted and finished as to form a smooth
surface within the interior of the chest. Fastenings shall be recessed
below the surface to avoid projections within the interior. Construction
shall be such as to separate all containers of explosives or
pyrotechnics from contact with metal surfaces.
(c) The metal shall be \1/8\ inch thick and free from crimps,
buckles, and rough edges. All metal surfaces shall be wire brushed and
all oil, grease, rust, loose scale, and other extraneous matter, removed
before application of any primer. All surfaces of the metal chest and
fittings shall be given a heavy coat of quick drying red lead, zinc
chromate, or other suitable primer before painting. The finish shall
consist of two coats of paint. The interior shall be lined with wood
sheathing of a minimum thickness of \3/4\ inch. Securing means shall be
countersunk below the surface of the sheathing. Securing means for the
cover and 4 lashing rings shall be provided. The lashing rings shall be
3 I.D. x \3/8\ wire permanently attached to the
magazine chest. Two runners, not less than 2 inches high shall be
permanently attached to the bottom of the chest.
Sec. 160.038-4 Inspections and tests.
(a) Portable magazine chests specified by this subpart are not
ordinarily
[[Page 87]]
subject to regularly s scheduled factory inspections.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.038-5 Marking.
(a) Portable magazine chests used for the stowage of pyrotechnic
signals, rockets, and powder for line-throwing guns shall be marked, in
letters at least 3 inches high, with the following legend: ``Portable
Magazine Chest, Inflammable--Keep Lights and Fire Away.''
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.038-6 Procedure for approval.
(a) Portable magazine chests are not subject to formal approval, but
will be accepted by the inspector on the basis of this subpart at annual
inspections and reinspections of vessels.
(b) [Reserved]
Subpart 160.039 [Reserved]
Subpart 160.040_Line-Throwing Appliance, Impulse-Projected Rocket Type
(and Equipment)
Source: CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73089, Dec. 17, 1979, unless
otherwise noted.
Sec. 160.040-1 Incorporation by reference.
(a) The following military specifications are incorporated by
reference into this subpart:
(1) MIL-R-23139 B, 16 August 1965--Rocket Motors, Surface Launched,
Development and Qualification Requirements for.
(2) MIL-R-45505 A, 2 April 1971--Line Throwing Apparatuses, Rocket
and Projectile Units.
(b) The military specifications may be obtained from Military
Specifications and Standards, Standardization Documents Order Desk,
Building 4D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, https://
assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/. These specifications are also on file
in the Federal Register library.
(c) Approval to incorporate by reference the materials listed in
this section was obtained from the Director of the Federal Register on
September 24, 1979.
[CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73089, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by
USCG-2013-0671, 78 FR 60156, Sept. 30, 2013]
Sec. 160.040-2 Type and size.
(a) Impulse-projected rocket type line-throwing appliances required
by this subpart shall be of a type consisting essentially of a pistol or
launcher, which can be hand held and hand directed, or suitably
supported and hand directed.
(b) Impulse-projected rocket type line-throwing appliances shall
weigh (complete with one rocket, bridle, and leader) not to exceed 16 kg
(35 lb.) and shall be of a size easily manageable by one person.
(c) Alternate arrangements which meet the performance requirements
of this subpart will be given special consideration. Line-throwing
appliances meeting the requirements of MIL-L-45505 Type I will be
considered as meeting the requirements of this subpart subject to
approval of the Commandant.
Sec. 160.040-3 Materials, construction, workmanship, and performance
requirements.
(a) Materials. All materials used in the construction of impulse-
projected rocket type line-throwing appliances and equipment shall be of
good quality suitable for the purpose intended, and shall conform to
this subpart and to the specifications submitted by the manufacturer and
approved by the Commandant. The choice of materials, when there is no
specific requirement, shall be such that maximum safety to operating
personnel will be maintained, and that resistance to corrosion by salt
water or spray, shock, temperature change, and wear will be obtained.
The use of dissimilar materials in combination shall be avoided wherever
possible, but when such contacts are necessary, provision shall be made
to prevent such deleterious effects as galvanic corrosion, freezing or
buckling of moving parts, and loosening or tightening of joints due to
differences in coefficients of thermal expansion.
[[Page 88]]
(b) Construction. The design and construction shall be such as to
obtain effective and safe operation aboard vessels at sea.
(c) Workmanship. Impulse-projected rocket type line-throwing
appliances shall be of first class workmanship and shall be free from
imperfections of manufacture affecting their appearance or that may
affect their serviceability.
(d) Performance. When the rocket is fired from the appliance in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, it shall be capable of
passing the tests specified by Sec. 160.040-5(c).
[CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73089, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by
USCG-2014-0688, 79 FR 58285, Sept. 29, 2014]
Sec. 160.040-4 Equipment for impulse-projected rocket type
line-throwing appliance.
(a) Four rocket projectiles, each complete with bridle and leader of
fire-resistant materials. Two of the projectiles shall be of the buoyant
type.
(b) Not less than 4 primer-ejector cartridges which fit the chamber
of the pistol, gun, or launcher.
(c) Four service lines, each 4 mm (\5/32\ in.) minimum diameter with
a minimum breaking strength of at least 2,250 N (500 lb.), and in one
continual length not less than that specified in the approval of the
appliance carried, without splice, knot, or other retarding or weaking
features. The length of each service line will be assigned in the
approval of the appliance as a round number approximately one-third in
excess of the average distance the line is carried in the tests required
by Sec. 160.040-7(c). The line shall be of either natural or synthetic
fibers suitable for marine usage. The end of the line intended to be
attached to the projectile shall have securely attached thereto a
substantial tag bearing a permanent legend indicating its purpose, and
the other end of the line shall be tagged in the same manner to prevent
delay in securing proper and immediate action with the equipment. Each
line shall be coiled, faked, or reeled in its own faking box or reel in
such manner that when all the line leaves the container, it shall
automatically become unattached and free from the container. The faking
box or reel shall be big enough for the line. The reel type container
shall consist of a reel upon which the line may be readily coiled and a
canister or container into which the line may be placed that affords a
fair lead through which the line may pay out. The reel must be so
designed as to permit easy withdrawal after the line has been coiled.
Containers of new lines shall bear the name of the manufacturer, date of
manufacture, and a statement to the effect that in all respects the line
meets the requirements of this specification.
(d) [Reserved]
(e) One cleaning rod with wire brush of non-ferrous metal, prongs
arranged in a spiral of sufficient rigidity and size to clean the bore.
(f) One can of oil suitable for cleaning and preserving the
appliance.
(g) Twelve flannel wiping patches of sufficient size to cover the
brush and suitable for wiping the bore clean.
(h) One set of instructions including a list of the equipment
furnished with the appliance, information as to the proper maintenance
of the appliance and equipment, and directions for loading and firing
the appliance in service use shall be permanently engraved in plastic
and mounted conspicuously in the case or box required by paragraph (i)
of this section.
(i) A suitable case or box, properly compartmented for stowage of
the appliance and auxiliary equipment, is required for stowage on
merchant vessels. The service line and auxiliary line need not be stowed
in the case.
[CGD 76-048a and 76-048b, 44 FR 73089, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by
USCG-2014-0688, 79 FR 58285, Sept. 29, 2014]
Sec. 160.040-5 Approval and production tests.
(a) Approval tests. An independent laboratory accepted by the
Commandant under Sec. 159.010 of this chapter must perform or supervise
the performance tests in paragraph (c) of this section.
(b) Production inspections and tests. Production inspections and
tests must be conducted under the procedures in Sec. 159.007 of this
chapter. Each appliance or lot of rockets which fails the inspections
and tests must not be represented
[[Page 89]]
as meeting this subpart or as being approved by the Coast Guard.
(1) Inspections and tests by the manufacturer. The manufacturer's
quality control procedures must include the inspection of appliances
during production as well as inspection of finished appliances, to
determine that the appliances are being produced in accordance with the
approved plans. The performance tests in paragraph (c) of this section
must be performed by the manufacturer.
(2) Inspections and tests by an independent laboratory. An
independent laboratory accepted by the Commandant under Sec. 159.010 of
this chapter must inspect and test appliances and rockets at least once
each year. The inspection must determine that the appliances and rockets
are being produced in accordance with the appropriate plans. The tests
must be in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.
(c) Performance tests--(1) Appliances. Each appliance shall be
tested by firing three rounds. These rounds may be regular rockets or
buoyant type rockets carrying regular service lines, as provided in
paragraph (c)(2) of this paragraph or may be dummy projectiles, of the
same size and weight as the regular rocket projectile, expelled into an
earthen bank or other resisting medium from a reasonable distance. At
least one of the rounds shall be fired using a primer-ejector cartridge
loaded with a charge double the normal charge; the other rounds may be
fired using regular primer-ejector cartridges. After the firing tests
have been completed, each appliance shall be fired twice using the
regular primer-ejector cartridges only, for the purposes of
demonstrating that the appliance is still in operating condition. The
entire assembly of the appliance shall then be examined. Results of the
test firing and the physical examination shall show none of the
following: Failure to eject cartridge, failure to close breech, trigger
malfunction, safety lock failure to function, breech catch malfunction,
broken spring, broken handgrips, cracked barrel or discharge chamber,
firing pin or plunger broken, distorted or excessively worn or loose
breech. A single misfire is acceptable if a second cartridge fires on
repeated test. Misfire of both shall be cause for rejection of the
appliance. More than one loose screw shall be cause for rejection. If an
appliance exhibits a single loose screw, it may be retightened.
(2) Rockets. The rocket shall utilize a solid fuel propellant which
shall function in accordance with all applicable requirements of MIL-R-
23139. The use of black powder for the rocket motor is not acceptable.
The ignition of the rocket motor shall occur at such a distance from the
appliance so as not to spew flame, hot gaseous exhaust, or hot particles
of propellant in such a manner as to create a hazard to personnel or the
vessel. The rocket shall have a service line carrier assembly
permanently attached and made of material, or suitably protected, to
withstand the heat from the rocket motor's exhaust. From each 200
rockets manufactured, not less than three must be selected to be tested
by firing with service line attached. The rockets selected will, over a
period of time, include representative samples of both the regular and
buoyant type rockets, except that the approval test must include both
types. The line shall be carried, under conditions of reasonably still
atmosphere, a minimum of 230 m (750 ft.), without breaking or fouling
the line, and the rocket shall alight not more than 15 m (50 ft.) from
either side of the target line. In no case shall a test rocket be fired
without a line attached. After a buoyant type rocket is fired, it shall
demonstrate its ability to float in water for not less than 2 hours.
Failure to meet any of the test requirements, nose cone cracks, rupture
in flight, erratic flight, or unusual burning rate, shall be cause for
rejection of rockets produced until suitable correction has been made.
If rockets selected from this lot are used for the tests required in
paragraph (c)(1) of this section this may be accepted as meeting the
requirements of this paragraph.
(3) Primer-ejector cartridges. Inasmuch as primer-ejector cartridges
are used for the tests required by paragraphs (c) (1) and (2) of this
paragraph, additional tests of primer-ejector cartridges will be made
only when deemed advisable by the independent laboratory. Misfiring or
failure of any kind shall be
[[Page 90]]
cause for rejection of cartridges produced until suitable correction has
been made.
Sec. 160.040-6 Marking and labeling.
(a) The appliance shall be permanently and legibly marked by die-
stamping or raised letters with the model designation of the appliance,
the manufacturer's serial number for the appliance, the official Coast
Guard approval number, and the name of the manufacturer. The rocket-
projectiles shall be legibly marked with the name of the manufacturer,
the model designation, the official Coast Guard approval number, and
month and year manufactured. Primer-ejector cartridges shall be
permanently and legibly marked with the name of the manufacturer, and
the model designation, the official Coast Guard approval number, and the
month and year manufactured.
(b) The containers of new service lines shall bear the name of the
manufacturer, date of manufacture, and a statement to the effect that in
all respects the line meets the requirements of this subpart for service
lines. Line faking boxes and reels shall bear the name of the
manufacturer.
Note: Compliance with the labeling requirements of this section does
not relieve the manufacturer of the responsibility of complying with the
label requirements of 15 U.S.C 1263, the Federal Hazardous Substances
Act.
Sec. 160.040-7 Procedure for approval.
(a) Rocket type line-throwing appliances are approved by the Coast
Guard under the procedures in subpart 159.005 of this chapter.
(b) [Reserved]
Subpart 160.041_Kits, First-Aid, for Merchant Vessels
Source: CGFR 50-12, 15 FR 3093, May 20, 1950, unless otherwise
noted.
Sec. 160.041-1 Applicable specification and publication.
(a) Specification. The following specification, of the issue in
effect on the date first-aid kits are manufactured, forms a part of this
subpart:
(1) Federal specification:
GG-K-391, Kits (Empty), First Aid, Burn Treatment, and Snake Bite; and
Kit Contents.
(b) Publication. The following publication, of the issue in effect
on the date first-aid kits are manufactured, forms a part of this
subpart:
(1) National Bureau of Standards Simplified Practice Recommendation:
No. R178-41, Packaging of First-aid Unit Dressings and Treatments.
(c) Copies of the specification and publication referred to in this
section shall be kept on file by the manufacturer, together with the
approved plans and certificate of approval. They shall be kept for a
period consisting of the duration of approval and 6 months after
termination of approval. The Federal specification may be purchased from
the Business Service Center, General Services Administration,
Washington, DC 20407. The Naval Bureau of Standards publication may be
purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington, DC 20402.
[CGFR 50-12, 15 FR 3093, May 20, 1950, as amended by CGFR 65-16, 30 FR
10899, Aug. 21, 1965]
Sec. 160.041-2 Type and size.
(a) Type. First-aid kits covered by this specification shall be of
the water-tight cabinet carrying type designated as Type II, Grade A,
class B by Federal Specification GG-K-391. Alternate arrangements of
materials meeting the performance requirements of this specification
will be given special consideration.
(b) Size. First-aid kits shall be of a size (approximately
9 x 9 x 2\1/2\ inside) adequate for
packing 24 standard single cartons (defined by National Bureau of
Standards Simplified Practice Recommendations for Packaging of First-aid
Unit Dressings and Treatments), or equivalent combinations of single,
double, or triple cartons, the arrangement of the cartons to be such as
to permit ready access to each item contained in the kit.
[[Page 91]]
Sec. 160.041-3 Construction and workmanship.
(a) Construction. The container shall be of substantial and rugged
construction, with the body, handle, and all fittings of a corrosion-
resistant material or suitably protected against corrosion. All ferrous
metal employed shall be protected by hot dip galvanizing, or other
equally effective means. The thickness of metal in the container shall
be at least equal to 20 USSG and all seams and joints shall be welded or
brazed. Either the body or the cover shall contain a gasket of molded
rubber or other material which will give a suitable watertight seal, and
the mating piece shall be flanged or turned to form an effective bearing
surface. The cover shall be fastened to the body by two positive closed
type pull-down snap fasteners on one edge, which together with two
positive open type pull-down snap fasteners at the opposite edge, and
one positive open type pull-down snap fastener at each of the other two
edges, shall effectively hold the bearing surfaces together to provide
the required watertight closure. The container shall be capable of being
opened and reclosed watertight.
(b) Handle. A suitable carrying handle, approximately 3 x
1\1/4\, of 0.125 diameter steel wire, shall be
securely mounted on the side or end of the body of the container, and be
so arranged that when laid flat against the container it will not
project beyond either the upper or lower edge, and shall provide ample
finger clearance for carrying.
(c) Cover fasteners. The cover fasteners shall be of the pull-down,
draw bolt type or equivalent and of sufficient size and strength for the
purpose. The fasteners shall be so constructed as not to jar loose by
vibration, but to permit easy and quick opening with one hand. There may
be no sharp edges and all parts shall be adequately protected against
corrosion.
Sec. 160.041-4 Contents.
(a) Individual cartons. Cartons shall be of the standard commercial
unit type referred to by Simplified Practice Recommendation R178-41,
properly labeled to designate the name, size of contents, and method of
use, and shall contain all information required by Federal and State
laws. Each package shall be enclosed in a jacket of tough, transparent
material, properly sealed, which shall meet the watertight requirements
of Sec. 160.041-5(f). Each carton and the contents therein shall conform
to the applicable requirements of Federal Specification GG-K-391.
Medicinal products shall conform to the latest revision of the U.S.
Pharmacopoeia. Vials for tablets shall not be made of glass.
(b) Items. The items contained in first-aid kit shall be as listed
in Table 160.041-4(b).
Table 160.041-4(b)--Items for First-Aid Kit
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
No. of
Item Number per package Size of package packages
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bandage compress--4................. 1........................ Single................... 5
Bandage compress--2................. 4........................ do...................... 2
Waterproof adhesive compress--1..... 16....................... do...................... 2
Triangular bandage--40.............. 1........................ do...................... 3
Eye dressing packet, \1/8\ ounce Opthalmic 3........................ do...................... 1
ointment, adhesive strips, cotton pads.
Bandage, gauze, compressed, 2 inches by 6 yards 2........................ do...................... 1
Tourniquet, forceps, scissors, 12 safety pins.. 1, 1, 1, and 12, Double................... 1
respectively.
Wire splint.................................... 1........................ Single................... 1
Ammonia inhalants.............................. 10....................... do...................... 1
Iodine applicators (\1/2\ ml swab type)........ 10....................... do...................... 1
Aspirin, phenacetin and caffeine compound, 6\1/ 5........................ Double................... 1
2\ gr tablets, vials of 20.
Sterile petrolatum gauze, 3 x 18.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(c) Instructions. Instructions for the use of the contents of the
first-aid kit shall be printed in legible type on a durable surface and
shall be securely attached to the inside of the cover. The instructions
for the use of the contents are as follows:
[[Page 92]]
Directions for the Use of the First-Aid Kit
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Item title Remarks
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia inhalants................... Break one and inhale for
faintness, fainting, or collapse.
Aspirin, phenacetin, caffeine Chew up and swallow 2 tablets
tablets. every three hours for headache,
colds, minor aches, pains, and
fever. Maximum of 8 in twenty-
four hours.
Bandage compress, 4 and Apply as a dressing over wound.
2. DON'T touch part that comes in
contact with wound.
Bandage, gauze, compressed, 2. etc.
Bandage, triangular, compressed..... Use as arm sling, tourniquet, or
for retaining splints or
dressings in place.
Burn dressing....................... The petrolatum gauze bandage is
applied in at least two layers
over the burned surface and an
area extending 2
beyond it. The first dressing
should be allowed to remain in
place, changing only the outer,
dry bandage as needed, for at
least 10 days unless signs of
infection develop after several
days, in which case the dressing
should be removed and the burn
treated as an infected wound.
Watch for blueness or coldness of
the skin beyond the dressing and
loosen the dressing if they
appear.
Compress, adhesive, 1.... Apply as dressing over small
wounds. DON'T touch part that
comes in contact with wound.
Eye patch........................... Apply as dressing over inflamed or
injured eye.
Forceps............................. Use to remove splinters or foreign
bodies. Don't dig.
Ophthalmic ointment................. Apply in space formed by pulling
lower eyelid down, once daily for
inflamed or injured eyes. Don't
touch eyeball with tube.
Splint, wire........................ Pad with gauze and mold to member
to immobilize broken bones. Hold
in place with bandage. Do not
attempt to set the bone.
Tincture of iodine, mild............ Remove protective sleeve, crush
tube and apply swab end. DON'T
use in or around eyes.
Tourniquet.......................... For control of hemorrhage. Loosen
for a few seconds every 15
minutes.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[CGFR 50-12, 15 FR 3093, May 20, 1950,, as amended by USCG-2014-0688, 79
FR 58285, Sept. 29, 2014]
Sec. 160.041-5 Inspections and tests.
(a) Accelerated weathering. The container without contents shall be
exposed to ultra violet light and subjected to a spray of water for
about 30 seconds every 20 minutes for 100 hours at 120 F. As an
alternate to this test the container may be exposed to an ultra violet
light for 100 hours at 130 F. without the water spray. There shall be
no evidence of warping or deterioration as a result of this test.
(b) Salt spray. The container shall be exposed to a spray of 20% by
weight of reagent grade sodium chloride at about 95 F. for 100 hours.
There shall be no evidence of corrosion or disintegration of the
material as a result of this test.
(c) Temperature change. The container shall be exposed to a
temperature of 150 F. for one hour and then to a temperature of 30 F.
below zero for one hour. There shall be no warping or deterioration of
the gasket material as a result of this test.
(d) Container watertightness. After the completion of all other
container tests, a closed empty container, lined with colored blotting
paper, with the cover in a horizontal position and uppermost shall be
submerged under a head of one foot of water for a period of two hours.
At the end of this period the container shall be removed, opened, and
examined for the presence of moisture. No seepage shall be allowed.
(e) Carton watertightness. Four cartons from each container tested
shall be submerged under a head of one foot of water for a period of two
hours. Upon opening the sealed wrappers there shall be no evidence of
leakage of water.
[CGFR 65-9, 30 FR 11467, Sept. 8, 1965, as amended by CGD 95-028, 62 FR
51213, Sept. 30, 1997]
Sec. 160.041-6 Marking.
(a) Each approved first-aid kit shall be permanently marked with the
following information: name of manufacturer, trade name symbol, model
number, or other identification used by the manufacturer, the Coast
Guard Approval Number, and the words ``FIRST-AID KIT.'' This information
may be embossed on the container or may be applied by silk screen
process, using a suitable paint and protected as necessary to withstand
the required tests,
[[Page 93]]
or by other means shown to be acceptable.
(b) [Reserved]
Subpart 160.042_Skids, Liferaft, for Merchant Vessels
Source: CGFR 50-12, 15 FR 3095, May 20, 1950, unless otherwise
noted.
Sec. 160.042-1 Applicable specification.
(a) The following specification, of the issue in effect on the date
life raft skids are manufactured, forms a part of this subpart:
(1) Coast Guard specification:
160.018, Life Rafts.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.042-2 General requirements.
(a) The requirements of this subpart provide for a standard life
raft skid for use on ocean and coastwise vessels in conjunction with the
stowage of Type A rafts which may be used on such vessels.
(b) Life raft skids shall be constructed and arranged so as to
properly support a Type A life raft in the stowed position and permit
the launching of the life raft directly into the water without the
application of any force other than that necessary to release the
gripping arrangement and operate the release mechanism.
(c) Arrangements other than those specified by this subpart will be
given special consideration.
Sec. 160.042-3 Construction.
(a) The trackways of the skids shall be constructed of 6
x 3\1/2\ x \1/2\ structural angles, or of material
of approved shape and equivalent strength, inclined approximately 60
degrees from the horizontal. The trackways shall be spaced 8[foot]-
4 from the inside of the 3\1/2\ vertical leg of
one trackway angle to the inside of the 3\1/2\ vertical leg
of the other trackway angle. The inside of the 6 leg of the
trackway angles shall form the skid surface for the life raft. The
trackways shall be supported by a substantial structure suitable for
stowing a Type A life raft at a 60-degree angle without having the raft
project over the side of the vessel.
(b) The lower end of the life raft shall be supported by a base
plate so arranged as to permit launching of the raft by a quick release
assembly.
(c) All bearing surfaces of the quick release mechanism shall be
constructed of non-corrosive metal. Alemite fittings shall be provided
to insure positive lubrication of all bearing surfaces.
Sec. 160.042-4 Inspection.
(a) Life raft skids covered by this subpart are not subject to
inspection at the place of manufacture, but are inspected on the basis
of this specification during the annual or other inspection of the
vessel upon which they are placed.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.042-5 Procedure for approval.
(a) Life raft skids are not subject to formal approval by the
Commandant, but for each merchant vessel on which Type A life rafts are
to be installed, plans showing the construction and arrangement of the
life raft stowage and launching device on the vessel are required to be
submitted for approval to the Commandant through the Commander of the
Coast Guard District prior to the actual installation. Life raft skids
should comply with the requirements of this specification in order to be
acceptable for use in such installations.
(b) Correspondence pertaining to the subject matter of this
specification should be addressed to the Commander of the Coast Guard
District in which the skids are to be installed.
Subpart 160.043_Jackknife (With Can Opener) for Merchant Vessels
Source: CGFR 50-12, 15 FR 3095, May 20, 1950, unless otherwise
noted.
Sec. 160.043-1 Applicable specification and plan.
(a) Specification. The following specification, of the issue in
effect on the date jackknives are manufactured, forms a part of this
subpart:
(1) Federal specification:
[[Page 94]]
QQ-M-151, Metals; General Specification for Inspection of.
(b) Plan. The following plan, of the issue in effect on the date
jackknives are manufactured, forms a part of this subpart:
(1) Coast Guard:
Dwg. No. 160.043-1(b), Jackknife (With Can Opener).
(c) Copies on file. A copy of the above specification and reference
plan shall be kept on file by the manufacturer, together with the
approved plans and certificate of approval.
Sec. 160.043-2 Type.
(a) The jackknife specified by this subpart shall be of a type as
illustrated by Drawing No. 160.043-1(b), which consists of a one-bladed
knife fitted with a can opener and a shackle to which a lanyard is
attached, all made from materials as specified in this subpart.
Alternate arrangements will be given special consideration.
(b) [Reserved]
Sec. 160.043-3 Materials.
(a) Blade, can opener, and springs. The blade shall be made of AISI
Type 440B stainless steel, heat treated to show a Rockwell hardness of
C55 to C59. The can opener shall be made of AISI Type 420 stainless
steel, heat treated to show a Rockwell hardness of C50 to C54. The
springs shall be made of AISI Type 420 stainless steel, heat treated to
show a Rockwell hardness of C44 to C48.
(b) Linings and center. The linings and center shall be hard brass.
(c) Bolsters and shackle. The bolsters and shackle shall be 18
percent nickel-silver.
(d) Handles. The handles shall be good quality, thermosetting, high
impact plastic.
(e) Rivets and pins. The rivets and pins shall be either hard brass
or 18 percent nickel-silver as specified in this subpart.
(f) Lanyard. The lanyard shall be cotton rope, \1/8\ inch nominal
diameter.
Sec. 160.043-4 Construction and workmanship.
(a) Blade. The blade shall be not less than 0.095 inch thick at the
tang. Shall have a triangular section and sheeps foot point. It shall
have a cutting edge approximately 3\1/8\ inches in length and shall be
approximately \13/16\ inch in height at the point. The blade shall be
uniformly ground and finished on both sides and sharpened to a uniform
and keen edge, and it shall have a common nail nick on one side. Before
assembling, the sides of the tang shall be uniformly polished.
(b) Can opener. The can opener shall be not less than 0.072 inch
thick at the tang, and 1\11/16\ to 1\15/16\ inches long overall. It
shall be so designed that the cutting action turns the ragged edge down
into the can, and shall be mounted at the same end of the knife as the
blade and in such a manner that both rectangular and circular cans may
be opened with a minimum of effort when the knife is held in the right
hand and operated in a clockwise direction around the can. The cutting
edge shall be suitably formed to obtain a smooth cutting action. It
shall have a common nail nick on one side, and the extreme distal end
shall be pointed. It shall be polished on both sides, and before
assembling, the side of the tang shall be polished.
(c) Springs. Each spring shall be of a thickness corresponding to
the blade it operates, and the back edge and that section of the front
edge coming in contact with the end of the tang of the blade shall be
polished.
(d) Linings and center. Linings and center shall be not less than
0.022 inch in thickness and shall be polished before assembly.
(e) Bolsters. The bolsters shall be approximately \9/16\ inch long
by 0.100 inch thick measured at the center line.
(f) Shackle. The shackle shall be of conventional design, not less
than 0.120 inch in diameter, and shall extend not less than \3/4\ inch
from the end of the knife. The shackle shall be attached to the knife by
a solid nickel-silver pin not less than 0.080 inch in diameter which
shall pass through the shackle and be securely fastened.
(g) Handles. The handles shall be approximately 3\3/4\ inches long.
They shall be well fitted at the bolsters and fastened to the linings by
two solid rivets countersunk on the inside of the linings and smoothly
rounded on the outside.
[[Page 95]]
(h) Rivets and pins. Pins holding the handles to the linings shall
be of hard brass, not less than 0.048 inch in diameter. Middle and end
pins shall be of hard brass not less than 0.095 inch in diameter. The
bolster rivet shall be 18 percent nickel-silver not less than 0.095 inch
in diameter. All rivets and pins shall have carefully spun heads.
(i) Lanyard. A lanyard 6 feet in length shall be secured to the
shackle.
(j) Polishing and oiling. After assembly all outside surfaces shall
be buffed, and the metal parts polished uniformly. The working parts
shall be cleaned and oiled with a good grade of joint oil.
(k) Workmanship. Workmanship shall be first class in all respects,
and jackknives shall be free from defects which may affect their
serviceability.
Sec. 160.043-5 Inspections and tests.
(a) General. Jackknives are not ordinarily subjected to regularly
scheduled factory inspections, but the Commander of the Coast Guard
District in which they are manufactured may detail an inspector at any
time to places where jackknives are manufactured to check materials and
construction methods, and to conduct such tests as may be required to
satisfy himself that jackknives are being manufactured in compliance
with the requirements of this specification and the manufacturer's plans
and specifications as approved by the Commandant. The manufacturer shall
admit the inspector to his plant and shall provide a suitable place and
the necessary apparatus for use of the inspector in conducting tests at
the place of manufacture.
(b) Hardness test. Hardness of the blade, can opener, and spring
metal shall be determined in accordance with the Rockwell method as
described in Federal Specification QQ-M-151. Hardness impressions shall
be made at locations representing the cutting edges and surfaces subject
to wear, and they shall fall within the ranges set forth in
Sec. 160.043-3(a).
(c) Bending and drop tests. With all of the blade of the knife
except the tang clamped in vertical jaws so that the handle is in a
horizontal position, a downward load of 15 pounds shall be suspended
from the lanyard and allowed to hang for a period of 5 minutes. The
knife shall then be turned over, and the test repeated with the can
opener in the jaws. The knife shall then be dropped on its side from a
height of 8 feet onto a concrete floor. Both the blade and the can
opener shall open and close properly, and the knife shall show no other
evidence of failure at the conclusion of these tests.
(d) Cutting test. The knife shall be used to cut various nonmetallic
objects, including at least 10 shavings from a strip of oak or other
hardwood, and to open various rectangular and circular cans, and shall
show no noticeable loss in cutting ability.
Sec. 160.043-6 Marking and packing.
(a) General. Jackknives specified by this subpart shall be stamped
or otherwise permanently and legibly marked on the tang of the blade
with the manufacturer's name or with a trade mark of such known
character that the source of manufacture may be readily determined, and
with the manufacturer's type or size designation.
(b) Instructions for can opener. With each jackknife the
manufacturer shall supply instructions, complete with an illustration,
indicating the proper method for using the can opener.
(c) Packing. Each jackknife, complete with lanyard attached, shall
be packed in a heat-sealed bag of waterproof vinyl resin or polyethylene
film not less than 0.004 inch in thickness. The bag shall be marked in a
clear and legible manner with the Coast Guard approval number, the name
and address of the manufacturer, and in letters not less than \1/4\ inch
in height with the words. ``JACKKNIFE (WITH CAN OPENER)''. The
instructions for use of the can opener as required by paragraph (b) of
this section may also be printed on the bag.
Subpart 160.044_Pumps, Bilge, Lifeboat, for Merchant Vessels
Source: CGFR 50-30, 16 FR 1085, Feb. 6, 1951, unless otherwise
noted.
Sec. 160.044-1 Applicable specifications.
(a) There are no other specifications applicable to this subpart.
(b) [Reserved]
[[Page 96]]
Sec. 160.044-2 Types and sizes.
(a) Type. Bilge pumps covered by this subpart shall be manually
operated, either oscillating, wing type, or full rotary type, with
mountings so arranged as to permit attachment to a thwart or other part
of the lifeboat structure without interference with the seating
arrangement. Alternate types, arrangements or materials, which meet the
performance requirements of this subpart will be given special
consideration.
(b) Sizes. Bilge pumps covered by this subpart shall be of three
sizes, having capacities as follows:
(1) Size No. 1. 5 gallons per minute at 65 double strokes, \1\ for
lifeboats up to 330 cubic feet capacity. \2\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ A double stroke is a complete cycle from one extreme to the
other and back again to the original starting point, or, for rotary
type, one complete revolution.
\2\ The capacity of a lifeboat for determining the size of the bilge
pump shall be 0.6 times the product of the length, breadth, and depth of
the lifeboat, in feet.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2) Size No. 2. 6 gallons per minute at 50 double strokes, for
lifeboats from 330 cubic feet up to 700 cubic feet capacity.
(3) Size No. 3. 15 gallons per minute at 50 double strokes, for
lifeboats of 700 cubic feet or more capacity.
Sec. 160.044-3 General requirements.
(a) Bilge pumps shall be of rugged construction, of first class
workmanship in every respect, and free from any defects affecting
serviceability. Where a choice of materials is permitted, the materials
used shall be of good quality and suitable for the purpose intended, and
shall be corrosion-resistant or protected against corrosion by
acceptable means, except that parts subject to wear shall not depend
upon coatings for corrosion resistance.
(b) Bilge pumps covered by this subpart shall be capable of
operating against a head pressure of 20 pounds per square inch when
tested in accordance with Sec. 160.044-4(c).
(c) The bilge pump body shall be of bronze and shall be provided
with a cover plate or plates, attached by means of wing nuts at least
1\1/4\ inches long, on not more than 6 studs, or by means of a suitable
bayonet type joint, so as to be readily removable for inspection or
cleaning.
(d) The operating lever shall have a steel or bronze core through
its entire length, but for comfort may have a gripping surface of wood
or other suitable material. The lever shall be removable and shall be
attached to the pump shaft which is to be square ended, by means of a
set screw with 1\1/4\-inch wings, and further shall be connected to the
pump body or shaft end by a retaining chain to prevent loss.
(e) The suction line shall be fitted with an intake check valve and
a suitable strainer. The strainer shall be removable for cleaning
without the use of tools. The suction line shall contain no hose or
fittings subject to collapsing when the pump is in service.
(f) Suction and discharge outlets shall be not less than 1 inch
inside diameter for pump sizes Nos. 1 and 2, and not less than 1\1/4\
inches inside diameter for pump size No. 3. Discharge outlets shall be
provided with a tee of cast bronze or other corrosion-resistant
material, with a removable plug at the top for priming, the plug to have
a wing arrangement for removal by hand, and be secured to the tee by a
retaining chain. The bottom of the tee shall have pipe threads to fit
the discharge outlet of the pump, and the discharge portion of the tee
shall be a plain clamp type male hose connection, with inside diameter
not less than that of the pump discharge opening.
Sec. 160.044-4 Inspection and tests.
(a) Capacity. The bilge pump being tested shall be set up over a
source of water for operation with all the required fittings and
connections, the set-up to simulate an installation in a lifeboat. The
bilge pump shall be operated at the standard speed specified for its
size, and the flow of water measured. The amount of water discharged
shall not be less than that required by Sec. 160.044-2(b).
(b) Head pressure. After the successful completion of the test
outlined in paragraph (b) of this section, a pressure gage capable of
registering 20 pounds per square inch, and a variable restriction, such
as a nozzle, valve, etc., shall be fitted in the discharge line. The
[[Page 97]]
pump shall be put in operation with the discharge line open, and then
the restriction shall be gradually closed until the pressure builds up
to at least 20 pounds per square inch. This pressure shall be maintained
for at least 15 seconds, after which the pump shall be disassembled and
inspected. No destruction or deformation of parts sufficient to affect
the serviceability of the pump shall be permitted as a result of this
test.
(c) Operating lever. With the pump firmly secured in such a position
that both the shaft and operating lever are in a horizontal position,
apply a downward load of 200 pounds for a period of 5 minutes at the
free end of the operating lever and perpendicular to its axis and the
axis of the shaft. There shall be no slippage of the lever around the
shaft, nor any evidence of permanent set or undue stress in any part of
the pump. In cases where the design of the pump is such that this test
may not be applicable to the complete pump, the pump shall be
disassembled and the 200-pound load applied to the shaft and operating
lever while the free end of the shaft is held in a vise or check so that
both the shaft and the operating lever are in a horizontal position.
[CGFR 65-9, 30 FR 11467, Sept. 8, 1965, as amended by CGD 95-028, 62 FR
51213, Sept. 30, 1997]