[Federal Register Volume 59, Number 29 (Friday, February 11, 1994)]
[Unknown Section]
[Page 0]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 94-3288]


[[Page Unknown]]

[Federal Register: February 11, 1994]


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DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS

Office of the Secretary

38 CFR Part 14

RIN 2900-AE76

 

Testimony of Department Personnel and Production of Department 
Records in Legal Proceedings

AGENCY: Department of Veterans Affairs.

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) is establishing 
procedures that must be followed when VA personnel, as defined in the 
rules, are to provide testimony or produce records in legal 
proceedings. These procedures are necessary for reasons including to 
ensure more efficient use of VA resources in meeting the Department's 
mission (VA attorneys and employees currently spend a considerable 
amount of time responding to requests or demands for VA documents or 
testimony by VA personnel), to minimize the possibility of involving VA 
in controversial issues not related to its mission, to maintain the 
impartiality of VA among persons and entities involved in disputes in 
which the United States does not have an interest, to protect 
sensitive, confidential information and the deliberative processes of 
VA, and to enhance VA's ability to respond to such requests.

EFFECTIVE DATE: March 14, 1994.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Questions concerning the application 
of the rules to the production of Department records should be directed 
to: Jeffrey C. Corzatt, Staff Attorney (024H2), Office of General 
Counsel, Department of Veterans Affairs, 810 Vermont Ave., NW., 
Washington, DC 20420, (202) 633-7240. Questions concerning the 
application of the rules to the testimony of Department personnel 
should be directed to: Joseph M. Vallowe, Staff Attorney (023K), Office 
of General Counsel, Department of Veterans Affairs, 810 Vermont Ave., 
NW., Washington, DC 20420, (202) 633-7186.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

    On July 22, 1993, the Department of Veterans Affairs published a 
notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) (58 FR 39174, July 22, 1993) to 
promulgate regulations at 38 CFR part 14 establishing procedures 
governing the appearance of VA personnel, as witnesses in order to 
testify or produce official documents in legal proceedings, in response 
to requests or demands for such documents or testimony. Interested 
parties were invited to submit written comments on or before August 23, 
1993. Three comments were received.
    As VA noted in its NPRM, private litigants are requesting or 
demanding the production of VA records or testimony by VA personnel or 
both in a large and apparently increasing number of cases. VA has a 
large hospital and benefits delivery system serving millions of 
veterans and their dependents. Further, VA participates in a wide range 
of activities, such as medical research, that benefits not only our 
veteran population, but also the general public. All of these 
activities generate records that contain information concerning 
individuals or issues of local or national significance. These 
documents and our personnel's expertise are being sought more often for 
use in legal proceedings in which the United States is neither involved 
nor has an interest. Responding to these requests and demands for 
documents and for testimony can be burdensome and time consuming. When 
employees are required to testify in depositions, hearings or trials 
that are brought for private purposes, employees are taken away from 
their official duties. Often these demands or requests are made on very 
short notice.
    The final rules establish new procedural requirements that private 
litigants must meet before VA would produce documents or make an 
employee available to testify in a private legal or administrative 
proceeding. These procedures are not intended to inflict an unnecessary 
burden on private litigants. Rather, VA's goals are to conserve VA 
resources, to minimize the possibility of involving VA in controversial 
issues not related to its mission, to maintain the Department's 
impartiality among private litigants, to protect the confidentiality of 
VA's deliberative processes, and to enhance VA's ability to respond 
more efficiently to requests and demands for records and testimony.
    As noted in the NPRM, the legal proceedings covered by the final 
rule are any administrative or judicial activities traditionally 
conducted within the executive or judicial branches of Federal, state, 
local, or foreign governmental entities in which the United States: (i) 
Is not a party; (ii) is not represented; (iii) does not have a direct 
and substantial interest; and (iv) is not providing representation to 
any individual or entity that is a party.
    The proposed rules do not cover activities that are not legal 
proceedings, such as Congressional requests for records or testimony, 
or requests for records under the Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S.C. 
552, or under the Privacy Act, 5 U.S.C. 552a. The final rules do not 
infringe upon or displace responsibilities committed to the Department 
of Justice in conducting litigation on behalf of the United States.
    The final rules do not remove the need to comply with any 
applicable confidentiality provisions, such as the Privacy Act, or 38 
U.S.C. 7332, and their implementing regulations before there is legal 
authority to release records or provide testimony pursuant to a request 
or demand covered by these rules. In fact, if the requirements of those 
confidentiality statutes and the implementing regulations are not met, 
records or testimony cannot be provided even where the requirements of 
these regulations are met.
    As stated in the NPRM, the rules address VA's concern over the need 
to conserve official personnel resources for the performance of the 
agency's statutory duties while at the same time attempting to 
accommodate legitimate requests or demands for official records or 
testimony to the extent possible. Additionally, there is a need for 
uniformity within the VA system in our responses to these requests or 
demands.
    If a party fails to follow the Department's procedures or if VA 
determines that it will not comply with a demand, VA may move to quash 
the demand. If a response to a demand is required before the court 
rules on the motion to quash and the court fails to stay the demand, 
the employee would appear with agency counsel at the time and place 
stated in the demand, produce a copy of these regulations, and 
respectfully decline to testify or produce any documents. If the court 
orders the employee's testimony, VA counsel may permit an exception 
under Sec. 14.807(e), or, consistent with long-standing case law, 
direct the employee not to testify. For example, VA counsel might 
permit the employee to give factual testimony if permission would have 
been granted had the party seeking the testimony followed the 
procedures set forth in these rules. This would prevent a miscarriage 
of justice by not subjecting the employee to a contempt charge. In 
appropriate circumstances, agency counsel could still appeal the denial 
of the motion to quash.
    The VA's new rules provide that VA employees generally would not be 
permitted to testify as an expert or opinion witness concerning 
official VA information, subjects or activities at a hearing or trial 
in legal proceedings between private litigants. They would only be 
allowed to testify as to facts within their personal knowledge in these 
proceedings under limited circumstances.
    The Department's new rules do not apply to situations in which an 
employee, although on official duty, observes facts regarding matters 
that do not arise out of his or her official duties. For example, while 
driving a government vehicle on agency business, a VA employee 
witnesses an automobile accident. The rules would not govern efforts to 
obtain the employee's testimony as to what the employee saw.
    As stated in the NPRM, the rule does not interfere with the rights 
of VA personnel as private citizens or the rights of veterans and other 
private parties to invoke the powers of the courts.

Discussion of Comments

    Two comments were from veterans service organizations and one was 
from a VA employee. These comments are discussed below.
    One commenter suggested that the regulations specifically state 
that they do not cover the production of witnesses and documents in the 
regular business and proceedings of the VA, that is, in administrative 
or judicial proceedings involving programs and laws administered by VA. 
It appears that the commenter was concerned about the rules' potential 
application to such VA activities as benefits adjudication proceedings 
in VA's Regional Offices or before the Board of Veterans Appeals, or in 
litigation before the Court of Veterans Appeals. In these situations, 
VA either would be a party to the proceedings or would have a direct 
and substantial interest in them. As explained in the preamble to the 
NPRM, under the terms of the regulations, they would not apply to 
either type of proceeding. However, so that there is no doubt on the 
matter, VA has modified the regulations to state expressly that they do 
not apply to proceedings involving a claim or dispute as to the rights 
of a beneficiary or obligations or liabilities of the United States 
under any law or program administered by the Department of Veterans 
Affairs.
    The same commenter also suggested that in addition to mentioning 
that the regulations do not apply when the Department and the United 
States is a party to the proceedings, the regulations should also 
mention that they do not apply when the Secretary of Veterans Affairs 
is a party in his or her official capacity. The Department accepts this 
suggestion and the regulations now do not apply when the Secretary of 
Veterans Affairs is a party to the proceedings.
    Another commenter suggested that the regulations specify that they 
do not apply to requests by a veteran or that veteran's representative 
for access to the veteran's records for use in an administrative or 
judicial claim for benefits administered by the Department of Veterans 
Affairs. The commenter was concerned that the proposed regulations 
would supplant current VA procedures for individuals and their 
representatives to obtain access to the veterans' claims records in 
order to pursue their claims. The VA accepts this suggestion.
    The same commenter also suggested that the regulations provide that 
they apply to copies of VA records in the possession of veterans 
service organizations in order to control the release of these records. 
Historically, VA has taken the legal position that once records have 
been obtained by a veterans service organization pursuant to a properly 
executed power of attorney or consent, the copies obtained by the 
service organization generally are no longer subject to control by VA. 
Consequently, VA cannot extend the reach of these regulations to copies 
of a veteran's records in the possession of a veterans service 
organization.
    The third commenter was concerned about the impact the proposed 
regulations would have upon the production of VA records in proceedings 
in the Republic of the Philippines which are already governed by 
Department of State procedures. It was not the intent of these 
regulations to change or replace existing Department of State 
procedures governing the production of records in legal proceedings in 
any foreign jurisdiction, including the Republic of the Philippines. 
Accordingly, the VA has modified the regulations to state specifically 
that they do not supplant Department of State procedures governing the 
production of records or witnesses in response to requests or demands 
in foreign legal proceedings.

Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The Secretary of Veterans Affairs has certified that these proposed 
rules will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial 
number of small entities as they are defined in the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act, 5 U.S.C. 601-612. Pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 605(b), the 
regulations, therefore, are exempt from the initial and final 
regulatory flexibility analyses requirements of sections 603 and 604.
    This certification can be made because the rules affect the conduct 
of VA activities and actions of VA personnel. They will have no 
significant economic impact on small entities, i.e., small businesses, 
small private and nonprofit organizations and small governmental 
jurisdictions.
    There are no Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance numbers for 
this program.

List of Subjects in 38 CFR Part 14

    Government employees, Lawyers, Legal services, Veterans.
Jesse Brown,
Secretary of Veterans Affairs.
    In Consideration of the foregoing, the Department of Veterans 
Affairs amends 38 CFR Part 14, Legal Services, General Counsel to 
include the following:

PART 14--LEGAL SERVICES, GENERAL COUNSEL

    1. The authority citation for part 14 is revised to read as 
follows:

    Authority: 5 U.S.C. 301, 38 U.S.C. 501(a), 5502, 5902-5905, 
unless otherwise noted.

    2. In part 14, Secs. 14.800 through 14.810 and an undesignated 
center heading prior to Sec. 14.800 are added to read as follows:

Testimony of Department Personnel and Production of Department Records 
in Legal Proceedings

Sec.
14.800  Purpose.
14.801  Applicability.
14.802  Definitions.
14.803  Policy.
14.804  Factors to consider.
14.805  Contents of a demand or request.
14.806  Scope of testimony or production.
14.807  Procedure when demand or request is made.
14.808  Expert or opinion testimony.
14.809  Demands or requests in legal proceedings for records 
protected by confidentiality statutes.
14.810  Fees.

Testimony of Department Personnel and Production of Department 
Records in Legal Proceedings


Sec. 14.800  Purpose.

    Sections 14.800 through 14.810 establish policy, assign 
responsibilities and prescribe procedures with respect to:
    (a) The production or disclosure of official information or records 
of the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA); and
    (b) The testimony of present or former VA personnel relating to any 
official information acquired by any individual as part of that 
individual's performance of official duties, or by virtue of that 
individual's official status, in federal, state or other legal 
proceedings covered by these regulations.

(Authority: 38 U.S.C. 501(a) and (b); 5 U.S.C. 301.)


Sec. 14.801  Applicability.

    (a) Sections 14.800 through 14.810 apply to:
    (1) Contractors and subcontractors which undertake a VA activity or 
maintain VA records when the contract covering their actions provides 
that these regulations apply, as well as the personnel of contractors 
and subcontractors.
    (2) All components of the Department, including Canteen Service, 
the Office of Inspector General, and all staff offices, services and 
administrations, and their personnel.
    (b) Sections 14.800 through 14.810 do not apply to:
    (1) Testimony or records provided in accordance with Office of 
Personnel Management regulations implementing 5 U.S.C. 6322.
    (2)(i) Legal proceedings in which the Department of Veterans 
Affairs, the Secretary of Veterans Affairs or the United States is a 
party, is represented or has a direct and substantial interest; or
    (ii) Legal proceedings in which an individual or entity is a party 
for whom the United States is providing representation.
    (3) Legal proceedings in which VA personnel are to testify while in 
leave or off-duty status as to matters which are purely personal and 
that do not arise out of, or relate in any way to, the personnel's 
official duties or to the functions and activities of the VA or the 
United States.
    (4) Official comments on matters in legal proceedings, where 
appropriate.
    (5) Disclosures, in the absence of a request or demand, of 
information or records by VA components, particularly the Office of 
Inspector General, to federal, state, local and foreign law enforcement 
or regulatory agencies.
    (6) Congressional demands or requests for testimony or documents.
    (7) Requests for, and release of, records under the Freedom of 
Information Act, 5 U.S.C. 552, and the Privacy Act, 5 U.S.C. 552a.
    (8) Disclosures in child support and alimony proceedings under the 
authority of 42 U.S.C. 659 and regulations promulgated by the Office of 
Personnel Management implementing that section.
    (9) Legal proceedings before or involving the VA concerning a claim 
or dispute as to the rights of a beneficiary or obligations or 
liabilities of the United States under any law or program administered 
by the Department of Veterans Affairs.
    (10) Requests by a veteran or that veteran's representative for 
access to the veteran's records for use in an administrative or 
judicial claim for benefits administered by the Department of Veterans 
Affairs.
    (11) Foreign legal proceedings covered by Department of State 
procedures governing the production of records or witnesses in response 
to requests or demands in connection with foreign legal proceedings.
    (c) Sections 14.800 through 14.810 are not intended to, and do not:
    (1) Waive the sovereign immunity of the United States;
    (2) Infringe upon or displace the responsibilities committed to the 
Department of Justice in conducting litigation on behalf of the United 
States in appropriate cases;
    (3) Remove the need for the Department to comply with any 
applicable legal confidentiality provisions, such as the Privacy Act, 
before having the legal authority to make any disclosure or providing 
any testimony under these regulations. (Sections 14.800 through 14.810 
do not give VA disclosure authority under applicable confidentiality 
statutes; absent disclosure authority granted by those statutes, 
information and records subject to those laws may not be disclosed, or 
testimony given as to them under the procedures established in these 
regulations); or
    (4) Preclude treating any written request for agency records that 
is not in the nature of a request or demand related to legal 
proceedings as a request under the Freedom of Information or Privacy 
Acts.

(Authority: 38 U.S.C. 501(a) and (b); 5 U.S.C. 301.)


Sec. 14.802  Definitions.

    (a) Demand. Order, subpoena, or other demand of a court of 
competent jurisdiction, or other specific authority or under color of 
law, for the production, disclosure, or release of VA information or 
records or for the appearance and testimony of VA personnel as 
witnesses.
    (b) Request. Any informal request, by whatever method, from a 
party, a party's attorney, or any person acting on behalf of a party, 
for the production of VA records or information or for the testimony of 
VA personnel as witnesses, which has not been ordered by a court of 
competent jurisdiction or other specific authority or under color of 
law.
    (c) VA personnel. All present and former officers and employees of 
the VA and any other individuals who are or have been appointed by, or 
subject to the supervision, jurisdiction, or control of the Secretary 
of Veterans Affairs or another official of the VA, including 
nonappropriated fund activity employees, and other individuals hired 
through contractual agreements by or on behalf of the VA, or performing 
services under such agreements for VA, such as consultants, 
contractors, subcontractors, their employees and personnel. This phrase 
also includes individuals who served or are serving on any advisory 
committee or in any advisory capacity, whether formal or informal.
    (d) Legal proceedings. All pretrial, trial, and post-trial stages 
of all existing or reasonably anticipated judicial or administrative 
actions, hearings, investigations, or similar proceedings before 
courts, commissions, boards, or other tribunals, foreign or domestic 
that are not specified in Sec. 14.801(b). This phrase includes 
depositions and other pretrial proceedings, as well as responses to 
formal or informal requests by attorneys or others in situations 
involving legal proceedings not specified in Sec. 14.801(b).
    (e) Official VA information. All information of any kind, however 
stored, that is in the custody and control of VA or was acquired by VA 
personnel as part of their official duties or because of their official 
status.
    (f) Testimony. Testimony in any form, including personal 
appearances in court, depositions, recorded interviews, telephonic, 
televised or videotaped testimony or any response during discovery or 
similar proceedings, which response would involve more than the 
production of records.
    (g) VA records. All documents which are records of the Department 
of Veterans Affairs for purposes of the Freedom of Information Act, 5 
U.S.C. 552, regardless of storage media, including the term ``record'' 
as defined in 44 U.S.C. 3301, and implementing regulations.

(Authority: 38 U.S.C. 501(a) and (b); 5 U.S.C. 301.)


Sec. 14.803.  Policy.

    (a) VA personnel may provide testimony or produce VA records in 
legal proceedings covered by Secs. 14.800 through 14.810 only as 
authorized in accordance with these regulations. In determining whether 
to authorize testimony or the production of records, the determining 
official will consider the effect in this case, as well as in future 
cases generally, based on the factors set forth in Sec. 14.804, which 
testifying or producing records not available for public disclosure 
will have on the ability of the agency or VA personnel to perform their 
official duties.
    (b) The Department of Veterans Affairs does not seek to deny its 
employees access to the courts as citizens, or in the employees' 
private capacities on off-duty time.
    (c) The Department of Veterans Affairs does not seek to deny the 
Nation's veterans access to the courts.

(Authority: 38 U.S.C. 501 (a) and (b); 5 U.S.C. 301.)


Sec. 14.804.  Factors to consider.

    In deciding whether to authorize the disclosure of VA records or 
information or the testimony of VA personnel, VA personnel responsible 
for making the decision should consider the following types of factors:
    (a) The need to avoid spending the time and money of the United 
States for private purposes and to conserve the time of VA personnel 
for conducting their official duties concerning servicing the Nation's 
veteran population;
    (b) How the testimony or production of records would assist VA in 
performing its statutory duties;
    (c) Whether the disclosure of the records or presentation of 
testimony is necessary to prevent the perpetration of fraud or other 
injustice in the matter in question;
    (d) Whether the demand or request is unduly burdensome or otherwise 
inappropriate under the applicable court or administrative rules;
    (e) Whether the testimony or production of records, including 
release in camera, is appropriate or necessary under the rules of 
procedure governing the case or matter in which the demand or request 
arose, or under the relevant substantive law concerning privilege;
    (f) Whether the testimony or production of records would violate a 
statute, executive order, regulation or directive. (Where the 
production of a record or testimony as to the content of a record or 
about information contained in a record would violate a confidentiality 
statute's prohibition against disclosure, disclosure will not be made. 
Examples of such statutes are the Privacy Act, 5 U.S.C. 552a, and 
sections 5701, 5705 and 7332 of title 38, United States Code.);
    (g) Whether the testimony or production of records, except when in 
camera and necessary to assert a claim of privilege, would reveal 
information properly classified pursuant to applicable statutes or 
Executive Orders;
    (h) Whether the testimony would interfere with ongoing law 
enforcement proceedings, compromise constitutional rights, compromise 
national security interests, hamper VA or private health care research 
activities, reveal sensitive patient or beneficiary information, 
interfere with patient care, disclose trade secrets or similarly 
confidential commercial or financial information or otherwise be 
inappropriate under the circumstances.
    (i) Whether such release or testimony reasonably could be expected 
to result in the appearance of VA or the Federal government favoring 
one litigant over another;
    (j) Whether such release or testimony reasonably could be expected 
to result in the appearance of VA or the Federal government endorsing 
or supporting a position advocated by a party to the proceeding;
    (k) The need to prevent the public's possible misconstruction of 
variances between personal opinions of VA personnel and VA or Federal 
policy.
    (l) The need to minimize VA's possible involvement in issues 
unrelated to its mission;
    (m) Whether the demand or request is within the authority of the 
party making it;
    (n) Whether the demand or request is sufficiently specific to be 
answered;
    (o) Other matters or concerns presented for consideration in making 
the decision.

(Authority: 38 U.S.C. 501 (a) and (b); 5 U.S.C. 301.)


Sec. 14.805.  Contents of a demand or request.

    The request or demand for testimony or production of documents 
shall set forth in, or be accompanied by, an affidavit, or if that is 
not feasible, in, or accompanied by, a written statement by the party 
seeking the testimony or records or by the party's attorney, a summary 
of the nature and relevance of the testimony or records sought in the 
legal proceedings containing sufficient information for the responsible 
VA official to determine whether VA personnel should be allowed to 
testify or records should be produced. Where the materials are 
considered insufficient to make the determination as described in 
Sec. 14.807, the responsible VA official may ask the requester to 
provide additional information.


(Authority: 38 U.S.C. 501 (a) and (b); 5 U.S.C. 301.)


Sec. 14.806.  Scope of testimony or production.

    VA personnel shall not, in response to a request or demand for 
testimony or production of records in legal proceedings, comment or 
testify or produce records without the prior written approval of the 
responsible VA official designated in Sec. 14.807(b). VA personnel may 
only testify concerning or comment upon official VA information, 
subjects or activities, or produce records, that were specified in 
writing, submitted to and properly approved by the responsible VA 
official.


(Authority: 38 U.S.C. 501 (a) and (b); 5 U.S.C. 301.)


Sec. 14.807.  Procedure when demand or request is made.

    (a) VA personnel upon whom a demand or request for testimony or the 
production of records in connection with legal proceedings as defined 
in Sec. 14.802(d) is made shall notify the head of his or her field 
station, or if in Central Office, the head of the component for which 
he or she works. The field station or Central Office component shall 
notify the responsible VA official designated in Sec. 14.807(b).
    (b) In response to a demand or request for the production of 
records or the testimony of VA personnel, other than personnel in the 
Office of the Inspector General (OIG), as witnesses in legal 
proceedings covered by these regulations, the General Counsel, the 
District Counsel, an attorney in the Office of General Counsel 
designated by the General Counsel, or an attorney in the District 
Counsel office designated by the District Counsel is the responsible VA 
official authorized to determine whether VA personnel may be 
interviewed, contacted or used as witnesses, including used as expert 
witnesses, and whether VA records may be produced; and what, if any, 
conditions will be imposed upon such interview, contact, testimony or 
production of records. For personnel in the OIG, the Counselor to the 
Inspector General or an attorney designated by the Counselor to the 
Inspector General, is the responsible VA official authorized to make 
the determinations provided in Sec. 14.807, and that official will keep 
the General Counsel informed of such determinations for purposes of 
litigation or claims of privilege.
    (c) In appropriate cases, the responsible VA official shall 
promptly notify the Department of Justice of the demand or request. 
After consultation and coordination with the Department of Justice, as 
required, and after any necessary consultation with the VA component 
which employs or employed the VA personnel whose testimony is sought or 
which is responsible for the maintenance of the records sought, the VA 
official shall determine in writing whether the individual is required 
to comply with the demand or request and shall notify the requester or 
the court or other authority of the determination reached where the 
determination is that VA will not comply fully with the request or 
demand. The responsible VA official shall give notice of the decision 
to other persons as circumstances may warrant. Oral approval may be 
granted, and a record of such approval made and retained in accordance 
with the procedures in Sec. 14.807(f) concerning oral requests or 
demands.
    (d) If, after VA personnel have received a request or demand in a 
legal proceeding and have notified the responsible VA official in 
accordance with this section, a response to the request or demand is 
required before instructions from the responsible official are 
received, the responsible official designated in paragraph (b) of this 
section shall furnish the requester or the court or other authority 
with a copy of Secs. 14.800 through 14.810 and any other relevant 
documentation, inform the requester or the court or other authority 
that the request or demand is being reviewed, and seek a stay of the 
request or demand pending a final determination by the VA official 
concerned.
    (e) If a court of competent jurisdiction or other appropriate 
authority declines to stay the effect of the demand or request in 
response to action taken pursuant to Sec. 14.807(d), or if such court 
or other authority orders that the demand or request be complied with 
notwithstanding the final decision of the appropriate VA official, the 
VA personnel upon whom the demand or request was made shall notify the 
responsible VA official of such ruling or order. If the responsible VA 
official determines that no further legal review of or challenge to the 
ruling or order will be sought, the affected VA personnel shall comply 
with the demand, order or request. If directed by the appropriate VA 
official after consultation with the appropriate United States 
Attorney's office, however, the affected VA personnel shall 
respectfully decline to comply with the demand, request or order. See 
United States ex rel. Touhy v. Ragen, 340 U.S. 462 (1951).
    (f) Normally, written demands or requests allowing reasonable lead 
time for evaluation and processing are required. However, in emergency 
situations where response time is limited and a written demand or 
request is impractical, the following procedures should be followed:
    (1) The responsible VA official has the authority to waive the 
requirement of a written demand or request and may expedite a response 
in the event of an emergency under conditions which could not be 
anticipated in the course of proper planning or which demonstrate a 
good faith attempt to comply with these regulations. Determinations on 
oral demands or requests should be reserved for instances where 
insistence on compliance with the requirements of a proper written 
request would result in the effective denial of the request and cause 
an injustice in the outcome of the legal proceeding for which the 
testimony or records are sought. No requester has a right to make an 
oral demand or request and receive a determination, however. Whether to 
permit such an exceptional procedure is a decision within the sole 
discretion of the responsible VA official.
    (2) If the responsible VA official concludes that the demand or 
request, or any portion of it, should be granted (after considering the 
factors listed in Sec. 14.804), the responsible VA official will then 
orally advise the requester of the determination in accordance with the 
procedures provided in Sec. 14.807(c), including any limitations on 
such testimony or production of records, and seek a written 
confirmation of the oral demand or request. The responsible VA official 
will make a written record of the determination made concerning the 
oral demand or request, including the grant or denial, the 
circumstances requiring the procedure, and the conditions to which the 
requester agreed.

(Authority: 38 U.S.C. 501 (a) and (b); 5 U.S.C. 301.)


Sec. 14.808  Expert or opinion testimony.

    (a) VA personnel shall not provide, with or without compensation, 
opinion or expert testimony in any legal proceedings concerning 
official VA information, subjects or activities, except on behalf of 
the United States or a party represented by the United States 
Department of Justice. Upon a showing by the requester or court or 
other appropriate authority that, in light of the factors listed in 
Sec. 14.804, there are exceptional circumstances and that the 
anticipated testimony will not be adverse to the interests of the 
Department of Veterans Affairs or to the United States, the responsible 
VA official designated in Sec. 14.807(b) may, in writing, grant special 
authorization for VA personnel to appear and testify. If, despite the 
final determination of the responsible VA official, a court of 
competent jurisdiction or other appropriate authority, orders the 
expert or opinion testimony of VA personnel, the personnel shall notify 
the responsible VA official of such order. If the responsible VA 
official determines that no further legal review of or challenge to the 
order will be sought, the affected VA personnel shall comply with the 
order. If directed by the appropriate VA official after consultation 
with the appropriate United States Attorney's office, however, the 
affected VA personnel shall respectfully decline to comply with the 
demand, request or order. See United States ex rel. Touhy v. Ragen, 340 
U.S. 462 (1951).
    (b)(1) If, while testifying in any legal proceeding, VA personnel 
are asked for expert or opinion testimony concerning official VA 
information, subjects or activities, which testimony has not been 
approved in advance in accordance with these regulations, the witness 
shall:
    (i) Respectfully decline to answer on the grounds that such expert 
or opinion testimony is forbidden by these regulations;
    (ii) Request an opportunity to consult with the responsible VA 
official mentioned in Sec. 14.807(b) before giving such testimony;
    (iii) Explain that, upon such consultation, approval for such 
testimony may be provided; and
    (iv) Explain that providing such testimony absent such approval may 
expose the individual to criminal liability under 18 U.S.C. 201-209 and 
to disciplinary or other adverse personnel action.
    (2) If the witness is then ordered by the body conducting the 
proceeding to provide expert or opinion testimony concerning official 
VA information, subjects or activities without the opportunity to 
consult with the appropriate VA official, the witness respectfully 
shall refuse to do so. See United States ex rel. Touhy v. Ragen, 340 
U.S. 462 (1951).
    (c) Upon notification by the witness of a request for opinion or 
expert testimony concerning official VA information, subjects or 
activities during Sec. 14.802(d) legal proceedings, the responsible VA 
official shall follow the procedures contained in this section to 
determine whether such testimony shall be approved.
    (d) If VA personnel who are unaware of these regulations provide 
expert or opinion testimony concerning official VA information, 
subjects or activities in any legal proceeding, including one mentioned 
in Sec. 14.802(d) in which the United States is not already 
represented, without consulting with the responsible VA official, the 
witness, as soon after testifying as possible, shall inform the 
responsible VA official of the fact that such testimony was given and 
provide a summary of the expert or opinion testimony given.


(Authority: 38 U.S.C. 501 (a) and (b); 5 U.S.C. 301.)


Sec. 14.809  Demands or requests in legal proceedings for records 
protected by confidentiality statutes.

    In addition to complying with the requirements of Secs. 14.800 
through 14.810, requests or demands in legal proceedings for the 
production of records, or for testimony of VA employees concerning 
information, protected by the Privacy Act, 5 U.S.C. 552a, or other 
confidentiality statutes, such as 38 U.S.C. 5701, 5705 and 7332, must 
satisfy the requirements for disclosure imposed by those statutes, and 
implementing regulations, such as 38 CFR 1.511, before the records may 
be provided or testimony given. Accordingly, the responsible VA 
official may first determine whether there is legal authority to 
provide the testimony or records sought under applicable 
confidentiality statutes before applying Secs. 14.800 through 14.810. 
Where an applicable confidentiality statute mandates disclosure, 
Secs. 14.800 through 14.810 will not apply.


(Authority: 38 U.S.C. 501 (a) and (b); 5 U.S.C. 301.)


Sec. 14.810  Fees.

    (a) The testimony of VA personnel as witnesses, particularly as 
expert witnesses, and the production of VA records in legal proceedings 
subject to Secs. 14.800 through 14.810 are services which convey 
special benefits to the individuals or entities seeking such testimony 
or production of records above and beyond those accruing to the general 
public. These services are not regularly received by or available 
without charge to the public at large. Consequently, these are the sort 
of services for which the VA may establish a charge for providing under 
31 U.S.C. 9701. The responsible VA official will determine all fees 
associated with Secs. 14.800 through 14.810, and shall timely notify 
the requester of the fees, particularly those which are to be paid in 
advance.
    (b)(1) When a request is granted under Sec. 14.808 to permit VA 
personnel to testify in whole or in part as to expert, opinion or 
policy matters, the requester shall pay to the government a fee 
calculated to reimburse the cost of providing the witness. The fee 
shall include:
    (i) Costs of the time expended by VA personnel to process and 
respond to the demand or request;
    (ii) Costs of attorney time expended in reviewing the demand or 
request and any information located in connection with the demand or 
request;
    (iii) Expenses generated by materials and equipment used to search 
for, produce, and copy the responsive information;
    (iv) The cost of the time expended by the witness to prepare to 
testify; and
    (v) Costs of travel by the witness and attendance at trial.
    (2) All costs for documents necessary for such expert testimony 
shall be calculated as provided in VA regulations implementing the fee 
provisions of the Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S.C. 552.
    (c) When an individual testifies in legal proceedings covered by 
these regulations in any capacity other than as an expert witness, the 
requester shall pay to the witness the fee and expenses prescribed for 
attendance by the applicable rule of court. If no such fee is 
prescribed, the applicable Federal rule, such as a local Federal 
district court rule, will apply. No additional fee will be prescribed 
for the time spent while testifying or in attendance to do so.
    (d) When a requester wishes to interview VA personnel as part of 
legal proceedings covered by these regulations, and such interview has 
been approved in accordance with these regulations, the requester shall 
pay a fee calculated upon the total hourly pay of the individual 
interviewed.
    (e) When VA produces records in legal proceedings pursuant to 
Secs. 14.800 through 14.810, the fees to be charged and paid prior to 
production of the records shall be the fees charged by VA under its 
regulations implementing the fee provisions of the Freedom of 
Information Act, 5 U.S.C. 552.
    (f) Fees shall be paid as follows:
    (1) Fees for copies of documents, blueprints, electronic tapes, or 
other VA records will be paid to the VA office or station providing the 
records, and covered to the General Fund of the Department of the 
Treasury.
    (2) Witness fees for testimony shall be paid to the witness, who 
shall endorse the check ``pay to the United States,'' and surrender it 
to his or her supervisor. It shall thereafter be deposited in the 
General Fund.
    (3) The private party requesting a VA witness shall forward in 
advance necessary round trip tickets and all requisite travel and per 
diem funds.
    (g) A waiver of any fees in connection with the testimony of an 
expert witness may be granted by the appropriate VA official at the 
official's discretion provided that the waiver is in the interest of 
the United States. Fee waivers shall not be routinely granted, nor 
shall they be granted under circumstances which might create the 
appearance that the VA or the United States favors one party or a 
position advocated by a party to the legal proceeding.


(Authority: 38 U.S.C. 501 (a) and (b); 5 U.S.C. 301.)
[FR Doc. 94-3288 Filed 2-10-94; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8320-01-P