[Federal Register Volume 60, Number 209 (Monday, October 30, 1995)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 55220-55222]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 95-26770]
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[[Page 55221]]
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 25
[Docket No. NM-118; Notice No. SC-95-6-NM]
Special Condition: Israel Aircraft Industries (IAI), Model
Galaxy, High-Intensity Radiated Fields
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration, DOT.
ACTION: Notice of proposed special conditions.
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SUMMARY: This notice proposes special conditions for the Israel
Aircraft Industries (IAI) Model Galaxy airplane. This new airplane will
utilize new avionics/electronic systems, such as electronic displays
and electronic engine controls, that perform critical functions. The
applicable regulations do not contain adequate or appropriate safety
standards for the protection of these systems from the effects of high-
intensity radiated fields (HIRF). These proposed special conditions
contain the additional safety standards that the Administrator
considers necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that
established by the existing airworthiness standards.
DATES: Comments must be received on or before December 14, 1995.
ADDRESSES: Comments on this proposal may be mailed in duplicate to:
Federal Aviation Administration, Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel,
Attn: Rules Docket (ANM-7), Docket No. NM-118, 1601 Lind Avenue SW.,
Renton, Washington, 98055-4056; or delivered in duplicate to the Office
of the Assistant Chief Counsel at the above address. Comments must be
marked: Docket No. NM-118. Comments may be inspected in the Rules
Docket weekdays, except Federal holidays, between 7:30 a.m. and 4:00
p.m.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Timothy Dulin, FAA, Standardization
Branch, ANM-113, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification
Service, 1601 Lind Avenue SW., Renton, Washington, 98055-4056;
telephone (206) 227-2141; facsimile (206) 227-1149.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Comments Invited
Interested persons are invited to participate in the making of
these proposed special conditions by submitting such written data,
views, or arguments as they may desire. Communications should identify
the regulatory docket or notice number and be submitted in duplicate to
the address specified above. All communications received on or before
the closing date for comments will be considered by the Administrator
before further rulemaking action is taken on these proposals. The
proposals contained in this notice may be changed in light of comments
received. All comments submitted will be available in the Rule Docket
for examination by interested persons, both before and after the
closing date for comments. A report summarizing each substantive public
contact with FAA personnel concerning this rulemaking will be filed in
the docket. Persons wishing the FAA to acknowledge receipt of their
comments submitted in response to this notice must submit with those
comments a self-addressed, stamped postcard on which the following
statement is made: ``Comments to Docket No. NM-118.'' The postcard will
be date stamped and returned to the commenter.
Background
On July 29, 1992, Israel Aircraft Industries (IAI), Ben Gurion
International Airport, Tel Aviv 70100, Israel, applied for a new type
certificate in the transport airplane category for the Model Galaxy
airplane. On April 19, 1995, IAI applied for an extension of the
original application and selected June 21, 1994, as the new reference
date of application. The Model Galaxy is a derivative of the IAI Model
1125 Westwind Astra and is designed to be a long-range, high-speed
airplane with a swept low wing and two aft-fuselage-mounted Pratt &
Whitney Canada (PWC) 306A engines. The Model Galaxy will have a maximum
takeoff weight of 33,450 pounds, a conventional empennage, a crew of
two, and will be operated as an executive/corporate or commuter
airplane with a maximum seating capacity of 19 passengers.
Type Certification Basis
Under the provisions of Sec. 21.17, IAI must show, except as
provided in Sec. 25.2, that the Model Galaxy meets the applicable
provisions of part 25, effective February 1, 1965, as amended by
Amendments 25-1 through 25-82. In addition, the proposed certification
basis for the Model Galaxy includes part 34, effective September 10,
1990, including all amendments in effect at the time of certification;
and part 36, effective December 1, 1969, including all amendments in
effect at the time of certification. No exemptions are anticipated. The
special conditions that may be developed as a result of this notice
will form an additional part of the type certification basis. In
addition, the certification basis may include other special conditions
that are not relevant to these proposed special conditions.
If the Administrator finds that the applicable airworthiness
regulations (i.e., part 25, as amended) do not contain adequate or
appropriate safety standards for the Model Galaxy because of a novel or
unusual design feature, special conditions are prescribed under the
provisions of Sec. 21.16 to establish a level of safety equivalent to
that established in the regulations.
Special conditions, as appropriate, are issued in accordance with
Sec. 11.49 of the FAR after public notice, as required by Secs. 11.28
and 11.29, and become part of the type certification basis in
accordance with Sec. 21.17(a)(2).
In addition to the applicable airworthiness regulations and special
conditions, the Model Galaxy must comply with the fuel vent and exhaust
emission requirements of part 34 and the noise certification
requirements of part 36, and the FAA must issue a finding of regulatory
adequacy pursuant to Sec. 611 of Public Law 92-574, the ``Noise Control
Act of 1972.''
Special conditions are initially applicable to the model for which
they are issued. Should the type certificate for that model be amended
later to include any other model that incorporates the same novel or
unusual design feature, the special conditions would also apply to the
other model under the provisions of Sec. 21.101(a)(1).
Novel or Unusual Design Features
The Model Galaxy airplane incorporates new avionic/electronic
systems, such as electronic displays and electronic engine controls,
that perform critical functions. These systems may be vulnerable to
high-intensity radiated fields external to the airplane.
Discussion
There is no specific regulation that addresses protection
requirements for electrical and electronic systems from HIRF. Increased
power levels from ground-based radio transmitters and the growing use
of sensitive electrical and electronic systems to command and control
airplanes have made it necessary to provide adequate protection.
To ensure that a level of safety is achieved equivalent to that
intended by the applicable regulations, special conditions are proposed
for the IAI Galaxy that would require that electrical and electronic
systems which perform critical functions be designed and installed to
preclude component damage and interruption of function due to both the
direct and indirect effects of HIRF.
[[Page 55222]]
High-Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF)
With the trend toward increased power levels from ground-based
transmitters, plus the advent of space and satellite communications,
coupled with electronic command and control of the airplane, the
immunity of critical digital avionics systems to HIRF must be
established.
It is not possible to precisely define the HIRF to which the
airplane will be exposed in service. There is also uncertainty
concerning the effectiveness of airframe shielding for HIRF.
Furthermore, coupling of electromagnetic energy to cockpit-installed
equipment through the cockpit window apertures is undefined. Based on
surveys and analysis of existing HIRF emitters, an adequate level of
protection exists when compliance with the HIRF protection special
condition is shown with either paragraphs 1 OR 2 below:
1. A minimum threat of 100 volts per meter peak electric field
strength from 10 KHz to 18 GHz.
a. The threat must be applied to the system elements and their
associated wiring harnesses without the benefit of airframe shielding.
b. Demonstration of this level of protection is established through
system tests and analysis.
2. A threat external to the airframe of the following field
strengths for the frequency ranges indicted.
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Peak (V/ Average
Frequency M) (V/M)
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10 KHz-100 KHz.................................... 50 50
100 KHz-500 KHz................................... 60 60
500 KHz-2 MHz..................................... 70 70
2 MHz-30 MHz...................................... 200 200
30 MHz-100 MHz.................................... 30 30
100 MHz-200 MHz................................... 150 33
200 MHz-400 MHz................................... 70 70
400 MHz-700 MHz................................... 4,020 935
700 MHz-1 GHz..................................... 1,700 170
1 GHz-2 GHz....................................... 5,000 990
2 GHz-4 GHz....................................... 6,680 840
4 GHz-6 GHz....................................... 6,850 310
6 GHz-8 GHz....................................... 3,600 670
8 GHz-12 GHz...................................... 3,500 1,270
12 GHz-18 GHz..................................... 3,500 360
18 GHz-40 GHz..................................... 2,100 750
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As discussed above, the proposed special conditions would be
applicable initially to the IAI Model Galaxy. Should IAI apply at a
later date for a change to the type certificate to include another
model incorporating the same novel or unusual design feature, the
special conditions would apply to that model as well, under the
provisions of Sec. 21.101(a)(1).
Conclusion
This action affects certain design features only on the IAI Galaxy
airplane. It is not a rule of general applicability and affects only
the manufacturer who applied to the FAA for approval of these features
on the airplane.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25
Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting and record keeping
requirements.
The authority citation for this special condition is as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. app. 1344, 1354(a), 1355, 1421, 1423, 1424, 1425,
1428, 1429, 1430, and 49 U.S.C. 106(g).
The Proposed Special Condition
Accordingly, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) proposes the
following special condition as part of the type certification basis for
the IAI Model Galaxy airplanes. 1. Protection from Unwanted Effects of
High-Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF). Each electrical and electronic
system that performs critical functions must be designed and installed
to ensure that the operation and operational capability of these
systems to perform critical functions are not adversely affected when
the airplane is exposed to high-intensity radiated fields.
For the purpose of this special condition, the following definition
applies:
Critical Functions. Functions whose failure would contribute to or
cause a failure condition that would prevent the continued safe flight
and landing of the airplane.
Issued in Renton, Washington, on October 13, 1995.
Darrell M. Pederson,
Acting Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification
Service, ANM-100.
[FR Doc. 95-26770 Filed 10-27-95; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-M