For purposes of this Act, the term “Secretary” means the Secretary of the Army.
(Pub. L. 99–662, §2, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4082.)
This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 99–662, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4082, as amended, known as the Water Resources Development Act of 1986. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out below and Tables.
Pub. L. 102–580, §1(a), Oct. 31, 1992, 106 Stat. 4797, provided that: “This Act [enacting sections 59gg, 426i–1, 569d to 569f, 653, 1271, 2268, and 2325 to 2329 of this title, amending sections 426j, 467f, 467j to 467l, 562, 652, 1342, 1412, 1413, 1414, 1415, 1416, 1420, 1421, 2211, 2213, 2283, and 2309a of this title, section 3036 of Title 10, Armed Forces, sections 460tt, 4702, and 4711 of Title 16, Conservation, and section 1962d–16 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 541, 1271, 2211, 2239, 2267, and 2281 of this title, section 9505 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code, and sections 390h–4 and 390h–5 of Title 43, Public Lands] may be cited as the ‘Water Resources Development Act of 1992’.”
Pub. L. 101–640, §1(a), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4604, provided that: “This Act [enacting sections 59bb and 2316 to 2324 of this title, amending sections 579a, 652, 701n, 709a, 2213, 2215, 2232, 2238, 2281, 2309a, and 2314a of this title, section 460tt of Title 16, Conservation, and section 1962d–16 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, repealing sections 579 and 2239 of this title, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section, sections 426e, 1252, 1268, 2213, 2232, 2239, 2313, and 2317 of this title, and section 1405c of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions, and amending provisions set out as notes under sections 2294 and 2314 of this title and section 460d of Title 16] may be cited as the ‘Water Resources Development Act of 1990’.”
Pub. L. 100–676, §1(a), Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4012, provided that: “This Act [enacting sections 59j–1, 59y, 59z, and 2312 to 2315 of this title, amending sections 426j, 701b–12, 1293a, 2211, 2239, 2280, and 2291 of this title and section 1962d–5a of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 579a, 988, 2201, 2211, 2294, 2300, and 2314 of this title and section 1962d–5g of Title 42, and amending provisions set out as a note under section 2294 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Water Resources Development Act of 1988’.”
Section 1(a) of Pub. L. 99–662 provided that: “This Act [enacting this chapter and sections 59n–1, 59v, 59w, 403b, 426n, 426o, 467f to 467n, 555a, 579a, 652, 701b–12, 709b, 988a, and 1414a of this title, sections 460tt of Title 16, Conservation, sections 4461, 4462, 9505, and 9506 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code, section 483d of Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, and sections 1962d–11b and 1962d–20 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, amending sections 409, 414, 415, 426g, 426i, 426j, 426m, 467, 467b, 555, 557, 603a, 610, 701a–1, 701g, 701n, 701r, 701s, 984, and 1804 of this title, section 3036 of Title 10, Armed Forces, sections 460ee and 1002 of Title 16, section 4042 of Title 26, sections 1962d–5a, 1962d–5b, 1962d–5d, 1962d–5f, and 1962d–16 of Title 42, sections 390 and 390b of Title 43, Public Lands, and section 1121–1 of Title 46, Appendix, Shipping, repealing sections 1801 and 1802 of this title, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section, sections 426, 426g, 467, 661, 984, 988, 1414a, and 2294 of this title, sections 460d and 1004 of Title 16, sections 1, 4042, 4461, 9505, and 9506 of Title 26, sections 1962d–5b, 1962d–20, and 10301 of Title 42, and section 390b of Title 43, and amending provisions set out as a note under section 1962b–3 of Title 42] may be cited as the ‘Water Resources Development Act of 1986’.”
Section 215 of title II of Pub. L. 99–662 provided that: “This title [enacting subchapter II of this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Harbor Development and Navigation Improvement Act of 1986’.”
Section 948 of Pub. L. 99–662 provided that: “Any spending authority under this Act [see Short Title note above] shall be effective only to such extent and in such amounts as are provided in appropriation Acts. For purposes of this Act, the term ‘spending authority’ has the meaning provided in section 401(c)(2) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 [2 U.S.C. 651(c)(2)], except that such term does not include spending authority for which an exception is made under section 401(d) of such Act.”
Pub. L. 102–580, §3, Oct. 31, 1992, 106 Stat. 4801, provided that: “For purposes of this Act [see Short Title of 1992 Amendment note above], the term ‘Secretary’ means the Secretary of the Army.”
Pub. L. 101–640, §2, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4605, provided that: “For purposes of this Act [see Short Title of 1990 Amendment note above], the term ‘Secretary’ means the Secretary of the Army.”
Pub. L. 100–676, §2, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4013, provided that: “For purposes of this Act [see Short Title of 1988 Amendment note above], the term ‘Secretary’ means the Secretary of the Army.”
This subchapter is referred to in section 652 of this title.
The non-Federal interests for a navigation project for a harbor or inland harbor, or any separable element thereof, on which a contract for physical construction has not been awarded before November 17, 1986, shall pay, during the period of construction of the project, the following costs associated with general navigation features:
(A) 10 percent of the cost of construction of the portion of the project which has a depth not in excess of 20 feet; plus
(B) 25 percent of the cost of construction of the portion of the project which has a depth in excess of 20 feet but not in excess of 45 feet; plus
(C) 50 percent of the cost of construction of the portion of the project which has a depth in excess of 45 feet.
The non-Federal interests for a project to which paragraph (1) applies shall pay an additional 10 percent of the cost of the general navigation features of the project in cash over a period not to exceed 30 years, at an interest rate determined pursuant to section 2216 of this title. The value of lands, easements, rights-of-way, relocations, and dredged material disposal areas provided under paragraph (3) and the costs of relocations borne by the non-Federal interests under paragraph (4) shall be credited toward the payment required under this paragraph.
Except as provided under section 2283(c) of this title, the non-Federal interests for a project to which paragraph (1) applies shall provide the lands, easements, rights-of-way, relocations (other than utility relocations under paragraph (4)), and dredged material disposal areas necessary for the project.
The non-Federal interests for a project to which paragraph (1) applies shall perform or assure the performance of all relocations of utilities necessary to carry out the project, except that in the case of a project for a deep-draft harbor and in the case of a project constructed by non-Federal interests under section 2232 of this title, one-half of the cost of each such relocation shall be borne by the owner of the facility being relocated and one-half of the cost of each such relocation shall be borne by the non-Federal interests.
The Federal share of the cost of operation and maintenance of each navigation project for a harbor or inland harbor constructed pursuant to this Act shall be 100 percent, except that in the case of a deep-draft harbor, the non-Federal interests shall be responsible for an amount equal to 50 percent of the excess of the cost of the operation and maintenance of such project over the cost which the Secretary determines would be incurred for operation and maintenance of such project if such project had a depth of 45 feet.
Costs of constructing projects or measures for the prevention or mitigation of erosion or shoaling damages attributable to Federal navigation works shall be shared in the same proportion as the cost sharing provisions applicable to the project causing such erosion or shoaling. The non-Federal interests for the project causing the erosion or shoaling shall agree to operate and maintain such measures.
The amount of any non-Federal share of the cost of any navigation project for a harbor or inland harbor shall be paid to the Secretary. Amounts required to be paid during construction shall be paid on an annual basis during the period of construction, beginning not later than one year after construction is initiated.
Before initiation of construction of a project to which this section applies, the Secretary and the non-Federal interests shall enter into a cooperative agreement according to the provisions of section 1962d–5b of title 42. The non-Federal interests shall agree to—
(1) provide to the Federal Government lands, easements, and rights-of-way, and to provide dredged material disposal areas and perform the necessary relocations required for construction, operation, and maintenance of such project;
(2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction or operation and maintenance of the project, except for damages due to the fault or negligence of the United States or its contractors;
(3) provide to the Federal Government the non-Federal share of all other costs of construction of such project; and
(4) in the case of a deep-draft harbor, be responsible for the non-Federal share of operation and maintenance required by subsection (b) of this section.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title I, §101, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4082; Pub. L. 100–676, §13(a), Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4025; Pub. L. 102–580, title III, §333(b)(1), Oct. 31, 1992, 106 Stat. 4852.)
This Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is Pub. L. 99–662, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4082, as amended, known as the Water Resources Development Act of 1986. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2201 of this title and Tables.
1992—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 102–580 substituted “Except as provided under section 906(c), the non-Federal” for “The non-Federal”.
1988—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 100–676 added par. (2) and struck out former par. (2) which read as follows: “The non-Federal interests for a project to which paragraph (1) applies shall pay an additional 10 percent of the cost of the general navigation features of the project in cash over a period not to exceed 30 years, at an interest rate determined pursuant to section 2216 of this title. The value of lands, easements, rights-of-way, relocations, and dredged material disposal areas provided under paragraph (3) shall be credited toward the payment required under this paragraph.”
Section 13(b) of Pub. L. 100–676 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on November 17, 1986.”
Section 216 of Pub. L. 102–580 directed Secretary to conduct a study on the need for changes in Federal law and policy with respect to dredged material disposal areas for construction and maintenance of harbors and inland harbors by Secretary and, not later than 18 months after Oct. 31, 1992, to transmit to Congress a report on the results of the study, together with recommendations of the Secretary.
This section is referred to in sections 2213, 2232, 2236 of this title.
One-half of the costs of construction—
(1) of each project authorized by title III of this Act,
(2) of the project authorized by section 652(j) of this title, and
(3) allocated to inland navigation for the project authorized by section 844 of this Act,
shall be paid only from amounts appropriated from the general fund of the Treasury. One-half of such costs shall be paid only from amounts appropriated from the Inland Waterways Trust Fund. For purposes of this subsection, the term “construction” shall include planning, designing, engineering, surveying, the acquisition of all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the project, including lands for disposal of dredged material, and relocations necessary for the project.
The Federal share of the cost of operation and maintenance of any project for navigation on the inland waterways is 100 percent.
Any Federal responsibility—
(1) with respect to a project authorized by title III or section 652(j) of this title, or
(2) with respect to the portion of the project authorized by section 844 allocated to inland navigation,
which responsibility is not provided for in subsection (a) of this section shall be paid only from amounts appropriated from the general fund of the Treasury.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title I, §102, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4084.)
Title III of this Act, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1) and (c)(1), is title III of Pub. L. 99–662, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4109, consisting of sections 301 and 302. The projects authorized by title III probably mean the projects authorized by section 301 of Pub. L. 99–662, which is not classified to the Code. Section 302 of Pub. L. 99–662, which established the Inland Waterways Users Board, is classified to section 2251 of this title.
Section 844 of this Act, referred to in subsecs. (a)(3) and (c)(2), is section 844 of Pub. L. 99–662, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4177, which is not classified to the Code.
This section is referred to in section 652 of this title; title 26 section 9506.
The non-Federal interests for a project with costs assigned to flood control (other than a nonstructural project) shall—
(A) pay 5 percent of the cost of the project assigned to flood control during construction of the project;
(B) provide all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and dredged material disposal areas required only for flood control and perform all related necessary relocations; and
(C) provide that portion of the joint costs of lands, easements, rights-of-way, dredged material disposal areas, and relocations which is assigned to flood control.
If the value of the contributions required under paragraph (1) of this subsection is less than 25 percent of the cost of the project assigned to flood control, the non-Federal interest shall pay during construction of the project such additional amounts as are necessary so that the total contribution of the non-Federal interests under this subsection is equal to 25 percent of the cost of the project assigned to flood control.
The non-Federal share under paragraph (1) shall not exceed 50 percent of the cost of the project assigned to flood control. The preceding sentence does not modify the requirement of paragraph (1)(A) of this subsection.
If the total amount of the contribution required under paragraph (1) of this subsection exceeds 30 percent of the cost of the project assigned to flood control, the non-Federal interests may pay the amount of the excess to the Secretary over a 15-year period (or such shorter period as may be agreed to by the Secretary and the non-Federal interests) beginning on the date construction of the project or separable element is completed, at an interest rate determined pursuant to section 2216 of this title. The preceding sentence does not modify the requirement of paragraph (1)(A) of this subsection.
The non-Federal share of the cost of nonstructural flood control measures shall be 25 percent of the cost of such measures. The non-Federal interests for any such measures shall be required to provide all lands, easements, rights-of-way, dredged material disposal areas, and relocations necessary for the project, but shall not be required to contribute any amount in cash during construction of the project.
The non-Federal share of the cost assigned to other project purposes shall be as follows:
(1) hydroelectric power: 100 percent, except that the marketing of such power and the recovery of costs of constructing, operating, maintaining, and rehabilitating such projects shall be in accordance with existing law: Provided, That after November 17, 1986, the Secretary shall not submit to Congress any proposal for the authorization of any water resources project that has a hydroelectric power component unless such proposal contains the comments of the appropriate Power Marketing Administrator designated pursuant to section 7152 of title 42 concerning the appropriate Power Marketing Administration's ability to market the hydroelectric power expected to be generated and not required in the operation of the project under the applicable Federal power marketing law, so that, 100 percent of operation, maintenance and replacement costs, 100 percent of the capital investment allocated to the purpose of hydroelectric power (with interest at rates established pursuant to or prescribed by applicable law), and any other costs assigned in accordance with law for return from power revenues can be returned within the period set for the return of such costs by or pursuant to such applicable Federal power marketing law;
(2) municipal and industrial water supply: 100 percent;
(3) agricultural water supply: 35 percent;
(4) recreation, including recreational navigation: 50 percent of separable costs and, in the case of any harbor or inland harbor or channel project, 50 percent of joint and separable costs allocated to recreational navigation;
(5) hurricane and storm damage reduction: 35 percent; and
(6) aquatic plant control: 50 percent of control operations.
Costs of constructing projects or measures for beach erosion control and water quality enhancement shall be assigned to appropriate project purposes listed in subsections (a), (b), and (c) of this section and shall be shared in the same percentage as the purposes to which the costs are assigned, except that all costs assigned to benefits to privately owned shores (where use of such shores is limited to private interests) or to prevention of losses of private lands shall be borne by non-Federal interests and all costs assigned to the protection of federally owned shores shall be borne by the United States.
This section applies to any project (including any small project which is not specifically authorized by Congress and for which the Secretary has not approved funding before November 17, 1986), or separable element thereof, on which physical construction is initiated after April 30, 1986, as determined by the Secretary, except as provided in paragraph (2).
This section shall not apply to the Yazoo Basin, Mississippi, Demonstration Erosion Control Program, authorized by Public Law 98–8, or to the Harlan, Kentucky, or Barbourville, Kentucky, elements of the project authorized by section 202 of Public Law 96–367.
For purposes of this Act, the term “separable element” means a portion of a project—
(1) which is physically separable from other portions of the project; and
(2) which—
(A) achieves hydrologic effects, or
(B) produces physical or economic benefits,
which are separately identifiable from those produced by other portions of the project.
(1) With respect to the projects listed in paragraph (2), no amount of the non-Federal share required under this section shall be required to be paid during the three-year period beginning on November 17, 1986.
(2) The projects referred to in paragraph (1) are the following:
(A) Boeuf and Tensas Rivers, Tensas Basin, Louisiana and Arkansas, authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1946;
(B) Eight Mile Creek, Arkansas, authorized by Public Law 99–88; and
(C) Rocky Bayou Area, Yazoo Backwater Area, Yazoo Basin, Mississippi, authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941.
The share of the costs specified under this section for each project purpose shall apply to the joint and separable costs of construction of each project assigned to that purpose, except as otherwise specified in this Act.
Except as provided under section 2283(c) of this title, the non-Federal interests for a project to which this section applies shall provide all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and dredged material disposal areas required for the project and perform all necessary relocations, except to the extent limited by any provision of this section. The value of any contribution under the preceding sentence shall be included in the non-Federal share of the project specified in this section.
Any project to which this section applies (other than a project for hydroelectric power) shall be initiated only after non-Federal interests have entered into binding agreements with the Secretary to pay 100 percent of the operation, maintenance, and replacement and rehabilitation costs of the project, to pay the non-Federal share of the costs of construction required by this section, and to hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction or operation and maintenance of the project, except for damages due to the fault or negligence of the United States or its contractors.
The agreement required pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be in accordance with the requirements of section 1962d–5b of title 42 and shall provide for the rights and duties of the United States and the non-Federal interest with respect to the construction, operation, and maintenance of the project, including, but not limited to, provisions specifying that, in the event the non-Federal interest fails to provide the required non-Federal share of costs for such work, the Secretary—
(A) shall terminate or suspend work on the project unless the Secretary determines that continuation of the work is in the interest of the United States or is necessary in order to satisfy agreements with other non-Federal interests in connection with the project; and
(B) may terminate or adjust the rights and privileges of the non-Federal interest to project outputs under the terms of the agreement.
Except as otherwise provided in this section, the Secretary may permit the full non-Federal contribution to be made without interest during construction of the project or separable element, or with interest at a rate determined pursuant to section 2216 of this title over a period of not more than thirty years from the date of completion of the project or separable element. Repayment contracts shall provide for recalculation of the interest rate at five-year intervals.
At the request of any non-Federal interest the Secretary may permit such non-Federal interest to delay the initial payment of any non-Federal contribution under this section or section 2211 of this title for up to one year after the date when construction is begun on the project for which such contribution is to be made. Any such delay in initial payment shall be subject to interest charges for up to six months at a rate determined pursuant to section 2216 of this title.
Any cost-sharing agreement under this section for flood control or agricultural water supply shall be subject to the ability of a non-Federal interest to pay. The ability of any non-Federal interest to pay shall be determined by the Secretary in accordance with procedures established by the Secretary.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title I, §103, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4084; Pub. L. 101–640, title III, §305(a), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4635; Pub. L. 102–580, title II, §201(a), title III, §333(b)(2), Oct. 31, 1992, 106 Stat. 4825, 4852.)
Public Law 98–8, referred to in subsec. (e)(2), is Pub. L. 98–8, Mar. 24, 1983, 97 Stat. 13. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
Section 202 of Public Law 96–367, referred to in subsec. (e)(2), is section 202 of Pub. L. 96–367, title II, Oct. 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 1339, which is not classified to the Code.
This Act, referred to in subsecs. (f) and (h), is Pub. L. 99–662, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4082, as amended, known as the Water Resources Development Act of 1986. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2201 of this title and Tables.
The Flood Control Act of 1946, referred to in subsec. (g)(2)(A), is act July 24, 1946, ch. 596, 60 Stat. 641, as amended. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
Public Law 99–88, referred to in subsec. (g)(2)(B), is Pub. L. 99–88, Aug. 15, 1985, 99 Stat. 293, known as the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1985. Provisions of Pub. L. 99–88 authorizing the project for Eight Mile Creek, Arkansas, are not classified to the Code. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, referred to in subsec. (g)(2)(C), is act Aug. 18, 1941, ch. 377, 55 Stat. 638. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
1992—Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 102–580, §333(b)(2), substituted “Except as provided under section 2283(c) of this title, the non-Federal” for “The non-Federal”.
Subsec. (m). Pub. L. 102–580, §201(a), amended subsec. (m) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (m) read as follows:
“(1)
“(2)
“(A)
“(B)
“(C)
1990—Subsec. (m). Pub. L. 101–640 amended subsec. (m) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (m) read as follows: “Any cost-sharing agreement under this section for flood control or agricultural water supply shall be subject to the ability of a non-Federal interest to pay. The ability of any non-Federal interest to pay shall be determined by the Secretary in accordance with procedures established by the Secretary.”
Section 305(b) of Pub. L. 101–640 provided that: “Regulations issued to carry out section 103(m) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 [33 U.S.C. 2213(m)] before the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 28, 1990] and in effect on such date shall continue in effect until regulations are issued pursuant to paragraph (2)(C) of such section, as added by subsection (a) of this section.”
Pub. L. 100–71, title I, July 11, 1987, 101 Stat. 401, provided that: “The Secretary of the Army shall file a report with the appropriate committees of the House of Representatives and the Senate within ninety days after a written request is made pursuant to the provisions of subsection (m) of section 103 of Public Law 99–662 [33 U.S.C. 2213(m)] indicating the action taken on the request. In addition, the Secretary of the Army shall file a report with the appropriate committees of the House of Representatives and the Senate within ninety days after enactment of this Act [July 11, 1987] listing any project or study falling under the provisions of subsection (e)(1) of section 103 of Public Law 99–662.”
This section is referred to in sections 2214, 2307 of this title.
Within one year after November 17, 1986, the Secretary shall issue guidelines to carry out this section, consistent with the principles and guidelines on project formulation. The guidelines shall include criteria for determining whether work carried out by non-Federal interests is compatible with a project for flood control and procedures for making such determinations. The guidelines under this section shall be promulgated after notice in the Federal Register and opportunity for comment.
The guidelines established under subsection (a) of this section shall provide for the Secretary to consider, in analyzing the costs and benefits of a proposed project for flood control, the costs and benefits produced by any flood control work carried out by non-Federal interests that the Secretary determines to be compatible with the project. For purposes of the preceding sentence the Secretary may consider only work carried out after the date which is 5 years before the first obligation of funds for the reconnaissance study for such project. In no case may work which was carried out more than 5 years before November 17, 1986, be considered under this subsection, unless otherwise provided in this Act.
The guidelines established under subsection (a) of this section shall provide for crediting the cost of work carried out by the non-Federal interests against the non-Federal share of the cost of an authorized project for flood control as follows:
(1) Work which is carried out after the end of the reconnaissance study and before the submission to Congress of the final report of the Chief of Engineers on the project and which is determined by the Secretary to be compatible with the project shall be included as part of the project and shall be recommended by the Secretary in the final report for credit against the non-Federal share of the cost of the project.
(2) Work which is carried out after submission of the final report of the Chief of Engineers to Congress and which is determined by the Secretary to be compatible with the project shall be considered as part of the project and shall be credited by the Secretary against the non-Federal share of the cost of the project in accordance with the guidelines promulgated pursuant to subsection (a) of this section.
In no event may work which was carried out more than 5 years before November 17, 1986, be considered under this subsection, unless otherwise provided in this Act.
The Secretary shall consider, under subsections (b) and (c) of this section, work carried out before November 17, 1986, by non-Federal interests on a project for flood control, if the non-Federal interests apply to the Secretary for consideration of such work not later than March 31, 1987. The Secretary shall make determinations under subsections (b) and (c) of this section with respect to such work not later than 6 months after guidelines are issued under subsection (a) of this section.
The Secretary shall consider work carried out after November 17, 1986, by non-Federal interests on a project for flood control under subsections (b) and (c) of this section in accordance with the guidelines issued under subsection (a) of this section. The guidelines shall require prior approval by the Secretary of any flood control work carried out after November 17, 1986, in order to be considered under this section, taking into account the economic and environmental feasibility of the project.
Any flood control work included as part of the non-Federal share of the cost of a project under this section shall not be subject to the limitation contained in the last sentence of section 1962d–5a(a) of title 42.
Nothing in this section affects the requirement of section 2213(a)(1)(A) of this title.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title I, §104, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4087.)
This Act, referred to in subsecs. (b) and (c), is Pub. L. 99–662, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4082, as amended, known as the Water Resources Development Act of 1986. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2201 of this title and Tables.
(1) The Secretary shall not initiate any feasibility study for a water resources project after November 17, 1986, until appropriate non-Federal interests agree, by contract, to contribute 50 percent of the cost for such study during the period of such study. Not more than one-half of such non-Federal contribution may be made by the provision of services, materials, supplies, or other in-kind services necessary to prepare the feasibility report.
(2) This subsection shall not apply to any water resources study primarily designed for the purposes of navigational improvements in the nature of dams, locks, and channels on the Nation's system of inland waterways.
The Secretary shall not initiate any planning or engineering authorized by this Act for a water resources project until appropriate non-Federal interests agree, by contract, to contribute 50 percent of the cost of the planning and engineering during the period of the planning and engineering. Costs of planning and engineering of projects for which non-Federal interests contributed 50 percent of the cost of the feasibility study shall be treated as costs of construction.
Costs of design of a water resources project shall be shared in the same percentage as the purposes of such project.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title I, §105, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4088; Pub. L. 101–640, title III, §301, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4633.)
This Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is Pub. L. 99–662, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4082, as amended, known as the Water Resources Development Act of 1986. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2201 of this title and Tables.
1990—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 101–640 inserted at end “Costs of planning and engineering of projects for which non-Federal interests contributed 50 percent of the cost of the feasibility study shall be treated as costs of construction.”
This section is referred to in section 2282 of this title.
Whenever a non-Federal interest is required or elects to repay an amount under this Act over a period of time, the amount to be repaid shall include interest at a rate determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, taking into consideration the average market yields on outstanding marketable obligations of the United States with remaining periods to maturity comparable to the reimbursement period, during the month preceding the fiscal year in which costs for the construction of the project are first incurred (or in the case of recalculation the fiscal year in which the recalculation is made), plus a premium of one-eighth of one percentage point for transaction costs; except that such rates for hydroelectric power shall be in accordance with existing law.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title I, §106, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4089.)
This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 99–662, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4082, as amended, known as the Water Resources Development Act of 1986. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2201 of this title and Tables.
This section is referred to in sections 2211, 2213 of this title.
If any provision in any report designated by this Act recommends that a State contribute in cash 5 percent of the construction costs allocated to non-vendible project purposes and 10 percent of the construction costs allocated to vendible project purposes, such provision shall not apply to the project recommended in such report.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title I, §107, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4089.)
This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 99–662, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4082, as amended, known as the Water Resources Development Act of 1986. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2201 of this title and Tables.
Unless otherwise specified, the cost sharing provisions of this subchapter shall apply to all projects in this Act. The Federal share of any cost of a project authorized by this Act for which cost a Federal share is not established in this subchapter, shall be the share of such cost otherwise provided by law.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title I, §108, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4089.)
This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 99–662, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4082, as amended, known as the Water Resources Development Act of 1986. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2201 of this title and Tables.
For purposes of this subchapter, terms shall have the meanings given by section 2241 of this title.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title I, §109, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4089.)
A non-Federal interest may on its own undertake a feasibility study of a proposed harbor or inland harbor project and submit it to the Secretary. To assist non-Federal interests, the Secretary shall, as soon as practicable, promulgate guidelines for studies of harbors or inland harbors to provide sufficient information for the formulation of studies.
The Secretary shall review each study submitted under subsection (a) of this section for the purpose of determining whether or not such study and the process under which such study was developed comply with Federal laws and regulations applicable to feasibility studies of navigation projects for harbors or inland harbors.
Not later than 180 days after receiving any study submitted under subsection (a) of this section, the Secretary shall transmit to the Congress, in writing, the results of such review and any recommendations the Secretary may have concerning the project described in such plan and design.
If a project for which a study has been submitted under subsection (a) of this section is authorized by any provision of Federal law enacted after the date of such submission, the Secretary shall credit toward the non-Federal share of the cost of construction of such project an amount equal to the portion of the cost of developing such study that would be the responsibility of the United States if such study were developed by the Secretary.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title II, §203, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4098.)
For short title of title II of Pub. L. 99–662, enacting this subchapter, as the Harbor Development and Navigation Improvement Act of 1986, see section 215 of Pub. L. 99–662, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
This section is referred to in section 2234 of this title.
In addition to projects undertaken pursuant to sections 201 and 202 of this title, any non-Federal interest is authorized to undertake navigational improvements in harbors or inland harbors of the United States, subject to obtaining any permits required pursuant to Federal and State laws in advance of the actual construction of such improvements.
When requested by an appropriate non-Federal interest the Secretary is authorized to undertake all necessary studies and engineering for any construction to be undertaken under the terms of subsection (a) of this section, and provide technical assistance in obtaining all necessary permits, if the non-Federal interest contracts with the Secretary to furnish the United States funds for such studies and engineering during the period that they are conducted.
The Secretary is authorized to complete and transmit to the appropriate non-Federal interest any study for improvements to harbors or inland harbors of the United States which were initiated prior to November 17, 1986, or, upon the request of such non-Federal interest, to terminate such study and transmit such partially completed study to the non-Federal interest. The Secretary is further authorized to complete and transmit to the appropriate non-Federal interest any study for improvement to harbors or inland harbors of the United States that is initiated pursuant to section 577 of this title or, upon request of such non-Federal interest, to terminate such study and transmit such partially completed study to the non-Federal interest. Studies under this subsection shall be completed without regard to the requirements of subsection (b) of this section.
Any non-Federal interest which has requested and received from the Secretary pursuant to subsection (b) or (c) of this section, the completed study and engineering for an improvement to a harbor or an inland harbor, or separable element thereof, for the purpose of constructing such improvement and for which improvement a final environmental impact statement has been filed, shall be authorized to carry out the terms of the plan for such improvement. Any plan of improvement proposed to be implemented in accordance with this subsection shall be deemed to satisfy the requirements for obtaining the appropriate permits required under the Secretary's authority and such permits shall be granted subject to the non-Federal interest's acceptance of the terms and conditions of such permits: Provided, That the Secretary determines that the applicable regulatory criteria and procedures have been satisfied. The Secretary shall monitor any project for which permits are granted under this subsection in order to ensure that such project is constructed (and, in those cases where such activities will not be the responsibility of the Secretary, operated and maintained) in accordance with the terms and conditions of such permits.
Subject to the enactment of appropriation Acts, the Secretary is authorized to reimburse any non-Federal interest an amount equal to the estimate of Federal share, without interest, of the cost of any authorized harbor or inland harbor improvement, or separable element thereof, including any small navigation project approved pursuant to section 577 of this title, constructed under the terms of this section if—
(A) after authorization of the project (or, in the case of a small navigation project, after completion of a favorable project report by the Corps of Engineers) and before initiation of construction of the project or separable element—
(i) the Secretary approves the plans of construction of such project by such non-Federal interest, and
(ii) such non-Federal interest enters into an agreement to pay the non-Federal share, if any, of the cost of operation and maintenance of such project; and
(B) the Secretary finds before approval of the plans of construction of the project that the project, or separable element, is economically justified and environmentally acceptable.
In reviewing such plans, the Secretary shall consider budgetary and programmatic priorities, potential impacts on the cost of dredging projects nationwide, and other factors that the Secretary deems appropriate.
The Secretary shall regularly monitor and audit any project for a harbor or inland harbor constructed under this subsection by a non-Federal interest in order to ensure that such construction is in compliance with the plans approved by the Secretary, and that costs are reasonable. No reimbursement shall be made unless and until the Secretary has certified that the work for which reimbursement is requested has been performed in accordance with applicable permits and the approved plans.
Whenever a non-Federal interest constructs improvements to any harbor or inland harbor, the Secretary shall be responsible for maintenance in accordance with section 2211(b) of this title if—
(1) the Secretary determines, before construction, that the improvements, or separable elements thereof, are economically justified, environmentally acceptable, and consistent with the purposes of this subchapter;
(2) the Secretary certifies that the project is constructed in accordance with applicable permits and the appropriate engineering and design standards; and
(3) the Secretary does not find that the project, or separable element thereof, is no longer economically justified or environmentally acceptable.
For the purpose of demonstrating the potential advantages and efficiencies of non-Federal management of projects, the Secretary may approve as many as two proposals pursuant to which the non-Federal interests will undertake part or all of a harbor project authorized by Congress as the agent of the Secretary by utilizing its own personnel or by procuring outside services, so long as the cost of doing so will not exceed the cost of the Secretary undertaking the project.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title II, §204, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4099; Pub. L. 101–640, title III, §303, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4634.)
Sections 201 and 202 of this title, referred to in subsec. (a), are sections 201 and 202 of title II of Pub. L. 99–662, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4089, 4091, which are not classified to the Code.
This subchapter, referred to in subsec. (f)(1), was in the original “this title” which, in addition to this subchapter, consisted of sections 201 and 202 of Pub. L. 99–662, which are not classified to the Code.
1990—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 101–640, §303(a), inserted after first sentence “The Secretary is further authorized to complete and transmit to the appropriate non-Federal interest any study for improvement to harbors or inland harbors of the United States that is initiated pursuant to section 577 of this title or, upon request of such non-Federal interest, to terminate such study and transmit such partially completed study to the non-Federal interest.”
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 101–640, §303(b)(1), redesignated subsec. (e), relating to operation and maintenance, as (f).
Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 101–640, §303(b)(2), (3), in introductory provisions inserted “including any small navigation project approved pursuant to section 577 of this title,” after “or separable element thereof,” and in subpar. (A) inserted “(or, in the case of a small navigation project, after completion of a favorable project report by the Corps of Engineers)” after “authorization of the project”.
Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 101–640, §303(b)(1), redesignated subsec. (e), relating to operation and maintenance, as (f). Former subsec. (f) redesignated (g).
Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 101–640, §303(b)(1), redesignated subsec. (f) as (g).
Section 404 of Pub. L. 101–640 provided that:
“(a)
“(b)
“(c)
This section is referred to in sections 2211, 2233, 2234, 2236 of this title.
The Secretary, on request from an appropriate non-Federal interest in the form of a written notice of intent to construct a navigation project for a harbor or inland harbor under section 2232 of this title or this section, shall initiate procedures to establish a schedule for consolidating Federal, State, and local agency environmental assessments, project reviews, and issuance of all permits for the construction of the project, including associated access channels, berthing areas, and onshore port-related facilities, before the initiation of construction. The non-Federal interest shall submit, with the notice of intent, studies and documentation, including environmental reviews, that may be required by Federal law for decisionmaking on the proposed project. A State shall not be required to participate in carrying out this section.
Within 15 days after receipt of notice under subsection (a) of this section, the Secretary shall publish such notice in the Federal Register. The Secretary also shall provide written notification of the receipt of a notice under subsection (a) of this section to all State and local agencies that may be required to issue permits for the construction of the project or related activities. The Secretary shall solicit the cooperation of those agencies and request their entry into a memorandum of agreement described in subsection (c) of this section. Within 30 days after publication of the notice in the Federal Register, State and local agencies that intend to enter into the memorandum of agreement shall notify the Secretary of their intent in writing.
Within 90 days after receipt of notice under subsection (a) of this section, the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Commerce, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, and any State or local agencies that have notified the Secretary under subsection (b) of this section shall enter into an agreement with the Secretary establishing a schedule of decisionmaking for approval of the project and permits associated with it and with related activities. Such schedule may not exceed two and one-half years from the date of the agreement.
The agreement entered into under subsection (c) of this section, to the extent practicable, shall consolidate hearing and comment periods, procedures for data collection and report preparation, and the environmental review and permitting processes associated with the project and related activities. The agreement shall detail, to the extent possible, the non-Federal interest's responsibilities for data development and information that may be necessary to process each permit, including a schedule when the information and data will be provided to the appropriate Federal, State, or local agency.
The agreement shall include a date by which the Secretary, taking into consideration the views of all affected Federal agencies, shall provide to the non-Federal interest in writing a preliminary determination whether the project and Federal permits associated with it are reasonably likely to receive approval.
The Secretary may revise the agreement once to extend the schedule to allow the non-Federal interest the minimum amount of additional time necessary to revise its original application to meet the objections of a Federal, State, or local agency which is a party to the agreement.
Six months before the final date of the schedule, the Secretary shall provide to Congress a written progress report for each navigation project for a harbor or inland harbor subject to this section. The Secretary shall transmit the report to the Committee on Public Works and Transportation of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate. The report shall summarize all work completed under the agreement and shall include a detailed work program that will assure completion of all remaining work under the agreement.
Not later than the final day of the schedule, the Secretary shall notify the non-Federal interest of the final decision on the project and whether the permit or permits have been issued.
Not later than one year after November 17, 1986, the Secretary shall prepare and transmit to Congress a report estimating the time required for the issuance of all Federal, State, and local permits for the construction of navigation projects for harbors or inland harbors and associated activities. The Secretary shall include in that report recommendations for further reducing the amount of time required for the issuance of those permits, including any proposed changes in existing law.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title II, §205, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4101.)
Committee on Public Works and Transportation of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Jan. 4, 1995.
This section is referred to in sections 2234, 2236 of this title.
Sections 2231, 2232, and 2233 of this title do not apply to any harbor or inland harbor project for that portion of the Saint Lawrence Seaway administered by the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title II, §206, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4102.)
Any navigation project for a harbor or inland harbor authorized by this subchapter or any other provision of law enacted before, on, or after November 17, 1986, may be constructed in usable increments.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title II, §207, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4102.)
Subject to the following conditions, a non-Federal interest may levy port or harbor dues (in the form of tonnage duties or fees) on a vessel engaged in trade entering or departing from a harbor and on cargo loaded on or unloaded from that vessel under clauses 2 and 3 of section 10, and under clause 3 of section 8, of Article 1 of the Constitution:
Port or harbor dues may be levied only in conjunction with a harbor navigation project whose construction is complete (including a usable increment of the project) and for the following purposes and in amounts not to exceed those necessary to carry out those purposes:
(A)(i) to finance the non-Federal share of construction and operation and maintenance costs of a navigation project for a harbor under the requirements of section 2211 of this title; or
(ii) to finance the cost of construction and operation and maintenance of a navigation project for a harbor under section 2232 or 2233 of this title; and
(B) provide emergency response services in the harbor, including contingency planning, necessary personnel training, and the procurement of equipment and facilities.
Port or harbor dues may not be levied for the purposes described in paragraph (1)(B) of this subsection after the dues cease to be levied for the purposes described in paragraph (1)(A) of this subsection.
(A) Port or harbor dues may not be levied under this section in conjunction with a deepening feature of a navigation improvement project on any vessel if that vessel, based on its design draft, could have utilized the project at mean low water before construction. In the case of project features which solely—
(i) widen channels or harbors,
(ii) create or enlarge bend easings, turning basins or anchorage areas, or provide protected areas, or
(iii) remove obstructions to navigation,
only vessels at least comparable in size to those used to justify these features may be charged under this section.
(B) In developing port or harbor dues that may be charged under this section on vessels for project features constructed under this subchapter, the non-Federal interest may consider such criteria as: elapsed time of passage, safety of passage, vessel economy of scale, under keel clearance, vessel draft, vessel squat, vessel speed, sinkage, and trim.
(C) Port or harbor dues authorized by this section shall not be imposed on—
(i) vessels owned and operated by the United States Government, a foreign country, a State, or a political subdivision of a country or State, unless engaged in commercial services;
(ii) towing vessels, vessels engaged in dredging activities, or vessels engaged in intraport movements; or
(iii) vessels with design drafts of 20 feet or less when utilizing general cargo and deep-draft navigation projects.
Port or harbor dues may be levied only on a vessel entering or departing from a harbor and its cargo on a fair and equitable basis. In formulating port and harbor dues, the non-Federal interest shall consider—
(A) the direct and indirect cost of construction, operations, and maintenance, and providing the facilities and services under paragraph (1) of this subsection;
(B) the value of those facilities and services to the vessel and cargo;
(C) the public policy or interest served; and
(D) any other pertinent factors.
(A) Before the initial levy of or subsequent modification to port or harbor dues under this section, a non-Federal interest shall transmit to the Secretary—
(i) the text of the proposed law, regulation, or ordinance that would establish the port or harbor dues, including provisions for their administration, collection, and enforcement;
(ii) the name, address, and telephone number of an official to whom comments on and requests for further information on the proposal are to be directed;
(iii) the date by which comments on the proposal are due and a date for a public hearing on the proposal at which any interested party may present a statement; however, the non-Federal interest may not set a hearing date earlier than 45 days after the date of publication of the notice in the Federal Register required by subparagraph (B) of this paragraph or set a deadline for receipt of comments earlier than 60 days after the date of publication; and
(iv) a written statement signed by an appropriate official that the non-Federal interest agrees to be governed by the provisions of this section.
(B) On receiving from a non-Federal interest the information required by subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, the Secretary shall transmit the material required by clauses (i) through (iii) of subparagraph (A) of this paragraph to the Federal Register for publication.
(C) Port or harbor dues may be imposed by a non-Federal interest only after meeting the conditions of this paragraph.
A non-Federal interest shall—
(A) file a schedule of any port or harbor dues levied under this subsection with the Secretary and the Federal Maritime Commission, which the Commission shall make available for public inspection;
(B) provide to the Comptroller General of the United States on request of the Comptroller General any records or other evidence that the Comptroller General considers to be necessary and appropriate to enable the Comptroller General to carry out the audit required under subsection (b) of this section;
(C) designate an officer or authorized representative, including the Secretary of the Treasury acting on a cost-reimbursable basis, to receive tonnage certificates and cargo manifests from vessels which may be subject to the levy of port or harbor dues, export declarations from shippers, consignors, and terminal operators, and such other documents as the non-Federal interest may by law, regulation, or ordinance require for the imposition, computation, and collection of port or harbor dues; and
(D) consent expressly to the exclusive exercise of Federal jurisdiction under subsection (c) of this section.
The Comptroller General of the United States shall—
(1) carry out periodic audits of the operations of non-Federal interests that elect to levy port or harbor dues under this section to determine if the conditions of subsection (a) of this section are being complied with;
(2) submit to each House of the Congress a written report containing the findings resulting from each audit; and
(3) make any recommendations that the Comptroller General considers appropriate regarding the compliance of those non-Federal interests with the requirements of this section.
(1) The district court of the United States for the district in which is located a non-Federal interest that levies port or harbor dues under this section has original and exclusive jurisdiction over any matter arising out of or concerning, the imposition, computation, collection, and enforcement of port or harbor dues by a non-Federal interest under this section.
(2) Any person who suffers legal wrong or is adversely affected or aggrieved by the imposition by a non-Federal interest of a proposed scheme or schedule of port or harbor dues under this section may, not later than 180 days after the date of hearing under subsection (a)(5)(A)(iii) of this section, commence an action to seek judicial review of that proposed scheme or schedule in the appropriate district court under paragraph (1).
(3) On petition of the Attorney General or any other party, that district court may—
(A) grant appropriate injunctive relief to restrain an action by that non-Federal interest violating the conditions of consent in subsection (a) of this section;
(B) order the refund of any port or harbor dues not lawfully collected; and
(C) grant other appropriate relief or remedy.
Upon the arrival of a vessel in a harbor in which the vessel may be subject to the levy of port or harbor dues under this section, the master of that vessel shall, within forty-eight hours after arrival and before any cargo is unloaded from that vessel, deliver to the appropriate authorized representative appointed under subsection (a)(6)(C) of this section a tonnage certificate for the vessel and a manifest of the cargo aboard that vessel or, if the vessel is in ballast, a declaration to that effect.
The shipper, consignor, or terminal operator having custody of any cargo to be loaded on board a vessel while the vessel is in a harbor in which the vessel may be subject to the levy of port or harbor dues under this section shall, within forty-eight hours before departure of that vessel, deliver to the appropriate authorized representative appointed under subsection (a)(6)(C) of this section an export declaration specifying the cargo to be loaded on board that vessel.
At the request of an authorized representative referred to in subsection (a)(6)(C) of this section, the Secretary of the Treasury may:
(1) withhold the clearance required by section 91 of title 46, Appendix for a vessel if the master, owner, or operator of a vessel subject to port or harbor dues under this section fails to comply with the provisions of this section including any non-Federal law, regulation or ordinance issued hereunder; and
(2) assess a penalty or initiate a forfeiture of the cargo in the same manner and under the same procedures as are applicable for failure to pay customs duties under the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1202 et seq.) if the shipper, consignor, consignee, or terminal operator having title to or custody of cargo subject to port or harbor dues under this section fails to comply with the provisions of this section including any non-Federal law, regulation, or ordinance issued hereunder.
Port or harbor dues levied under this section against a vessel constitute a maritime lien against the vessel and port or harbor dues levied against cargo constitute a lien against the cargo that may be recovered in an action in the district court of the United States for the district in which the vessel or cargo is found.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title II, §208, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4102.)
The Tariff Act of 1930, referred to in subsec. (e)(2), is act June 17, 1930, ch. 497, 46 Stat. 590, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 4 (§1202 et seq.) of Title 19, Customs Duties. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1654 of Title 19 and Tables.
Any non-Federal interest shall provide the United States the information necessary for military readiness planning and harbor, inland harbor, and national security, including information necessary to obtain national security clearances for individuals employed in critical harbor and inland harbor positions.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title II, §209, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4106.)
There are authorized to be appropriated out of the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund, established by section 9505 of title 26, for each fiscal year such sums as may be necessary to pay—
(1) 100 percent of the eligible operations and maintenance costs of those portions of the Saint Lawrence Seaway operated and maintained by the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation for such fiscal year; and
(2) up to 100 percent of the eligible operations and maintenance costs assigned to commercial navigation of all harbors and inland harbors within the United States.
There are authorized to be appropriated out of the general fund of the Treasury of the United States for each fiscal year such sums as may be necessary to pay the balance of all eligible operations and maintenance costs not provided by payments from the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund under this section.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title II, §210, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4106; Pub. L. 101–640, title III, §316, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4641.)
1990—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 101–640 substituted “up to 100 percent” for “not more than 40 percent”.
This section is referred to in title 26 section 9505.
Section, Pub. L. 99–662, title II, §211, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4106; Pub. L. 100–676, §32, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4030, directed Administrator of Environmental Protection Agency to designate one or more sites for disposal of dredged material as an alternative to disposal at the Mud Dump in New Jersey.
Pub. L. 102–580, title IV, §405, Oct. 31, 1992, 106 Stat. 4863, provided that:
“(a)
“(1)
“(2)
“(b)
“(c)
Section 412 of Pub. L. 101–640 provided that:
“(a)
“(b)
“(1) an identification of the source, quantities, and characteristics of material to be dredged;
“(2) a discussion of potential alternative sites for disposal of dredged material, including the feasibility of altering the boundaries of the Mud Dump Site;
“(3) measures to reduce the quantities of dredged material proposed for ocean disposal;
“(4) measures to reduce the amount of contaminants in materials proposed to be dredged from the Harbor through source controls and decontamination technology;
“(5) a program for monitoring the physical, chemical, and biological effects of dumping dredged material at the Mud Dump Site; and
“(6) a study of the characteristics of the bottom sediments, including type and distribution.
“(c)
“(d)
“(e)
“(f)
The Secretary is authorized to make grants to any non-Federal interest operating a project for a harbor for provision of emergency response services in such harbor (including contingency planning, necessary personnel training, and the procurement of equipment and facilities either by the non-Federal interest, by a local agency or municipality, or by a combination of local agencies or municipalities on a cost-reimbursable basis, either by a cooperative agreement, mutual aid plan, or mutual assistance plan entered into between one or more non-Federal interests, public agencies, or local municipalities).
There is authorized to be appropriated for fiscal years beginning after September 30, 1986, and ending before October 1, 1992, $5,000,000.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title II, §212, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4107.)
For purposes of this subchapter—
The term “deep-draft harbor” means a harbor which is authorized to be constructed to a depth of more than 45 feet (other than a project which is authorized by section 202 of this title).
(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the term “eligible operations and maintenance” means all operations, maintenance, repair, and rehabilitation, including maintenance dredging reasonably necessary to maintain the width and nominal depth of any harbor or inland harbor.
(B) As applied to the Saint Lawrence Seaway, the term “eligible operations and maintenance” means all operations, maintenance, repair, and rehabilitation, including maintenance dredging reasonably necessary to keep such Seaway or navigation improvements operated or maintained by the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation in operation and reasonable state of repair.
(C) The term “eligible operations and maintenance” does not include providing any lands, easements, rights-of-way, or dredged material disposal areas, or performing relocations required for project operations and maintenance.
The term “general cargo harbor” means a harbor for which a project is authorized by section 202 of this title and any other harbor which is authorized to be constructed to a depth of more than 20 feet but not more than 45 feet;
The term “harbor” means any channel or harbor, or element thereof, in the United States, capable of being utilized in the transportation of commercial cargo in domestic or foreign waterborne commerce by commercial vessels. The term does not include—
(A) an inland harbor;
(B) the Saint Lawrence Seaway;
(C) local access or berthing channels;
(D) channels or harbors constructed or maintained by nonpublic interests; and
(E) any portion of the Columbia River other than the channels on the downstream side of Bonneville lock and dam.
The term “inland harbor” means a navigation project which is used principally for the accommodation of commercial vessels and the receipt and shipment of waterborne cargoes on inland waters. The term does not include—
(A) projects on the Great Lakes;
(B) projects that are subject to tidal influence;
(C) projects with authorized depths of greater than 20 feet;
(D) local access or berthing channels; and
(E) projects constructed or maintained by nonpublic interests.
The term “nominal depth” means, in relation to the stated depth for any navigation improvement project, such depth, including any greater depths which must be maintained for any harbor or inland harbor or element thereof included within such project in order to ensure the safe passage at mean low tide of any vessel requiring the stated depth.
The term “non-Federal interest” has the meaning such term has under section 1962d–5b of title 42 and includes any interstate agency and port authority established under a compact entered into between two or more States with the consent of Congress under section 10 of Article I of the Constitution.
The term “United States” means all areas included within the territorial boundaries of the United States, including the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, the Northern Mariana Islands, and any other territory or possession over which the United States exercises jurisdiction.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title II, §214, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4108.)
Section 202 of this title, referred to in pars. (1) and (3), is section 202 of title II of Pub. L. 99–662, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4091, which is not classified to the Code.
For termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, see note set out preceding section 1681 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions.
This section is referred to in section 2219 of this title.
There is hereby established an Inland Waterway Users Board (hereinafter in this section referred to as the “Users Board”) composed of the eleven members selected by the Secretary, one of whom shall be designated by the Secretary as Chairman. The members shall be selected so as to represent various regions of the country and a spectrum of the primary users and shippers utilizing the inland and intracoastal waterways for commercial purposes. Due consideration shall be given to assure a balance among the members based on the ton-mile shipments of the various categories of commodities shipped on inland waterways. The Secretary of the Army shall designate, and the Secretaries of Agriculture, Transportation, and Commerce may each designate, a representative to act as an observer of the Users Board.
The Users Board shall meet at least semi-annually to develop and make recommendations to the Secretary regarding construction and rehabilitation priorities and spending levels on the commercial navigational features and components of the inland waterways and inland harbors of the United States for the following fiscal years. Any advice or recommendation made by the Users Board to the Secretary shall reflect the independent judgment of the Users Board. The Users Board shall, by December 31, 1987, and annually thereafter file such recommendations with the Secretary and with the Congress.
The Users Board shall be subject to the Federal Advisory Committee Act, other than section 14, and, with the consent of the appropriate agency head, the Users Board may use the facilities and services of any Federal agency. Non-Federal members of the Users Board while engaged in the performance of their duties away from their homes or regular places of business, may be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized by section 5703 of title 5.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title III, §302, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4111.)
The Federal Advisory Committee Act, referred to in subsec. (c), is Pub. L. 92–463, Oct. 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 770, as amended, which is set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
The Secretary is hereby authorized and directed to make studies in cooperation with the Secretary of the Interior and the governments of the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands for the purposes of providing plans for the development, utilization, and conservation of water and related land resources of such jurisdiction, at a total cost of $2,000,000 for each of the five studies. Such studies shall include appropriate consideration of the needs for flood protection, wise use of flood plain lands, navigation facilities, hydroelectric power generation, regional water supply and waste water management facilities systems, general recreation facilities, enhancement and control of water quality, enhancement and conservation of fish and wildlife, and other measures for environmental enhancement, economic and human resources development. Such studies shall be compatible with comprehensive development plans formulated by local planning agencies and other interested Federal agencies. Any funds made available under this section for a study for any such jurisdiction which is not needed for such study shall be available to the Secretary to construct authorized water resources projects in such jurisdiction and to implement the findings of such study with appropriate cost sharing as provided in this Act.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title VII, §702, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4156.)
This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 99–662, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4082, as amended, known as the Water Resources Development Act of 1986. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2201 of this title and Tables.
For termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, see note set out preceding section 1681 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions.
The Secretary shall, upon the request of local public officials, survey the potential and methods for rehabilitating former industrial sites, millraces, and similar types of facilities already constructed for use as hydroelectric facilities. The Secretary shall, upon request, provide technical assistance to local public agencies, including electric cooperatives, in designing projects to rehabilitate sites that have been surveyed, or are qualified for such survey, under this section. The non-Federal share of the cost of carrying out this section shall be 50 percent.
There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary, to implement this section, the sum of $5,000,000 for each of the fiscal years ending September 30, 1988, through September 30, 1992, such sums to remain available until expended.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title VII, §703, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4156.)
(a) The Secretary shall investigate and study the feasibility of utilizing the capabilities of the United States Army Corps of Engineers to conserve fish and wildlife (including their habitats) where such fish and wildlife are indigenous to the United States, its possessions, or its territories. The scope of such study shall include the use of engineering or construction capabilities to create alternative habitats, or to improve, enlarge, develop, or otherwise beneficially modify existing habitats of such fish and wildlife. The study shall be conducted in consultation with the Director of the Fish and Wildlife Service of the Department of the Interior, the Assistant Administrator for Fisheries of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, and shall be transmitted within the 30-month period beginning on November 17, 1986, by the Secretary to Congress, together with the findings, conclusions, and recommendations of the Chief of Engineers. The Secretary, in consultation with the Federal officers referred to in the preceding sentence, shall undertake a continuing review of the matters covered in the study and shall transmit to Congress, on a biennial basis, any revisions to the study that may be required as a result of the review, together with the findings, conclusions, and recommendations of the Chief of Engineers.
(b) The Secretary is further authorized to conduct projects of alternative or beneficially modified habitats for fish and wildlife, including but not limited to man-made reefs for fish. There is authorized to be appropriated not to exceed $5,000,000 to carry out such projects. Such projects shall be developed, and their effectiveness evaluated, in consultation with the Director of the Fish and Wildlife Service and the Assistant Administrator for Fisheries of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Such projects shall include—
(1) the construction of a reef for fish habitat in Lake Erie in the vicinity of Buffalo, New York;
(2) the construction of a reef for fish habitat in the Atlantic Ocean in the vicinity of Fort Lauderdale, Florida;
(3) the construction of a reef for fish habitat in Lake Ontario in the vicinity of the town of Newfane, New York; and
(4) the construction of a reef for fish habitat in the Chesapeake Bay in Maryland.
The non-Federal share of the cost of any project under this section shall be 25 percent.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title VII, §704, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4157.)
(a) Not later than one year after November 17, 1986, and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a list of incomplete water resources studies which have been authorized, but for which no funds have been appropriated during the 5 full fiscal years preceding the submission of such list. For each such study the Secretary shall include the following information:
(1) the date of authorization and the manner in which the study was authorized;
(2) a description of the purposes of the study;
(3) a description of funding that has been made available for the study;
(4) a description of any work that has been performed in carrying out the study and the results and conclusions, if any, of such work; and
(5) a description of any work that remains to be done in carrying out the study and the time necessary for and estimated cost of completing such work.
(b) Each study included in a list under subsection (a) of this section is not authorized on and after the 90th day following the submission to Congress of such list if no funds have been appropriated for such study after the list is submitted and before such 90th day.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title VII, §710, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4160.)
(a) No Federal agency shall study or participate in the study of any regional or river basin plan or any plan for any Federal water and related land resource project which has as its objective the transfer of water from the Columbia River Basin to any other region or any other major river basin of the United States, unless such study is approved by the Governors of all affected States.
(b) For a period of 5 years after November 17, 1986, no Federal agency shall study or participate in the study of any regional or river basin plan or any plan for any Federal water and related land resource project which has as its objective the transfer of water from the Arkansas River Basin to any other region or any other major river basin of the United States, unless such study is approved by the Governors of all affected States.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title VII, §715, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4161.)
This section is referred to in title 43 section 2223.
The Secretary, after consultation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National Marine Fisheries Service, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, and other appropriate governmental agencies, and the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences, is authorized and directed to undertake studies to identify the impacts on the United States of potential Canadian tidal power development in the Bay of Fundy, and submit such studies to the appropriate committees of the Congress.
The Secretary shall conduct the studies authorized in subsection (a) of this section in two phases:
(1) Studies to be completed not later than October 1, 1988, to (A) identify effects of any such projects on tidal ranges and resulting impacts to beaches and estuarine areas, and (B) identify further studies which would be needed to meet the requirements of paragraph (2) of this subsection; and
(2) Studies to be completed not later than October 1, 1990, to (A) determine further environmental, social, economic, and institutional impacts of such tidal power development, and (B) determine what measures could be taken in Canada and the United States to offset or minimize any adverse impacts of such development on the United States.
In the fiscal year ending September 30, 1987, or in any fiscal year thereafter, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary the sum of $1,100,000 for the purposes of subsection (b)(1) of this section, and the sum of $8,900,000 for the purposes of subsection (b)(2) of this section, such sums to remain available until expended.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title VII, §724, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4163.)
The Secretary shall study a hydro-environmental monitoring and information system in the New York Bight in the form of a system using computerized buoys and radio telemetry that allows for the continual monitoring (at strategically located sites throughout the New York Bight) of the following: wind, wave, current, salinity and thermal gradients and sea chemistry, in order to measure the effect of changes due to air and water pollution, including changes due to continued dumping in the Bight.
In addition, the Secretary shall study a proper physical hydraulic model of the New York Bight and for such an offshore model to be tied into the existing inshore physical hydraulic model of the Port of New York and New Jersey operated by the United States Army Corps of Engineers.
The Secretary shall coordinate fully with the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency in carrying out the study described in this section and shall report any findings and recommendations to Congress. The Secretary and the Administrator shall also consider the views of other appropriate Federal, State, and local agencies, academic institutions, and members of the public who are concerned about water quality in the New York Bight.
There is authorized to be appropriated not more than $1,000,000 per fiscal year for each of fiscal years 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, and 1991.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title VII, §728, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4164.)
Pub. L. 102–580, title III, §326, Oct. 31, 1992, 106 Stat. 4850, provided that:
“(a)
“(b)
“(c)
“(d)
“(e)
“(1)
“(2)
“(A) the dioxin study and monitoring required in this subsection; and
“(B) the effectiveness and costs of all reasonable remediation measures, including recommendations as to a plan for implementation of the most time and cost-effective measures.
“(f)
Pub. L. 100–220, title II, subtitle C, Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1467, as amended by Pub. L. 100–688, title I, §1003(b), (c), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4150, directed Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, within 3 years after Dec. 29, 1987, in consultation with Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and other Federal, State, and interstate agencies, to prepare and submit to Congress a New York Bight Restoration Plan and a detailed schedule and two preliminary reports at specified times, and further directed Administrator to conduct a study of problems associated with plastic debris in the New York Bight and report to Congress within 6 months after Dec. 29, 1987.
The Secretary is authorized to conduct such studies as are necessary to provide a report to Congress on the dredging needs of the national ports and harbors of the United States. The report shall include existing and projected future project depths, types and sizes of ships in use, and world trade patterns, an assessment of the future national waterside infrastructure needs, and a comparison of drafts of United States and selected world ports.
There is authorized to be appropriated $2,500,000 to carry out this section for fiscal years beginning after September 30, 1992. Such sums shall remain available until expended.
(Pub. L. 102–580, title IV, §402, Oct. 31, 1992, 106 Stat. 4862.)
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 3 of Pub. L. 102–580, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
In order to insure against cost overruns, each total cost set forth with respect to a project for water resources development and conservation and related purposes authorized to be carried out by the Secretary in this Act or in a law enacted after the date of the enactment of this Act, including the Water Resources Development Act of 1988, or in an amendment made by this Act or any later law with respect to such a project shall be the maximum cost of that project, except that such maximum amount—
(1) may be increased by the Secretary for modifications which do not materially alter the scope or functions of the project as authorized, but not by more than 20 percent of the total cost stated for the project in this Act, in any later law, or in an amendment made by this Act or any later law; and
(2) shall be automatically increased for—
(A) changes in construction costs applied to unconstructed features (including real property acquisitions, preconstruction studies, planning, engineering, and design) from the date of enactment of this Act or any later law (unless otherwise specified) as indicated by engineering and other appropriate cost indexes; and
(B) additional studies, modifications, and actions (including mitigation and other environmental actions) authorized by this Act or any later law or required by changes in Federal law.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §902, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4183; Pub. L. 100–676, §3(b), Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4014.)
This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 99–662, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4082, as amended, known as the Water Resources Development Act of 1986. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2201 of this title and Tables.
The date of enactment of this Act, referred to in text, is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 99–662, which was approved Nov. 17, 1986.
The Water Resources Development Act of 1988, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 100–676, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4012. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1988 Amendment note set out under section 2201 of this title and Tables.
1988—Pub. L. 100–676, §3(b)(1), substituted “with respect to a project for water resources development and conservation and related purposes authorized to be carried out by the Secretary in this Act or in a law enacted after the date of the enactment of this Act, including the Water Resources Development Act of 1988, or in an amendment made by this Act or any later law with respect to such a project” for “in this Act, or an amendment made by this Act, for a project”.
Par. (1). Pub. L. 100–676, §3(b)(2), inserted “, in any later law,” after “in this Act”, and “or any later law” after “by this Act”.
Par. (2). Pub. L. 100–676, §3(b)(3), (4), inserted “or any later law” after “of this Act” in subpars. (A) and (B).
Enhancing national economic development (including benefits to particular regions of the Nation not involving the transfer of economic activity to such regions from other regions), the quality of the total environment (including preservation and enhancement of the environment), the well-being of the people of the United States, the prevention of loss of life, and the preservation of cultural and historical values shall be addressed in the formulation and evaluation of water resources projects to be carried out by the Secretary, and the associated benefits and costs, both quantifiable and unquantifiable, shall be displayed in the benefits and costs of such projects.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §904, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4185; Pub. L. 101–640, title III, §315, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4641.)
1990—Pub. L. 101–640 inserted “(including preservation and enhancement of the environment)” after “environment”.
Pub. L. 102–580, title II, §214, Oct. 31, 1992, 106 Stat. 4831, directed Comptroller General, not later than 18 months after Oct. 31, 1992, to report to Congress with specific legislative and other recommendations on improving the equitable distribution of water resources development projects in rural areas and giving greater emphasis to (A) projected increases in values of property, crop lands, and crops, (B) projected increases in the ability to pay by residents, and (C) other benefits, which would result from completion of a proposed water resources development project.
In the case of any water resources project-related study authorized to be undertaken by the Secretary, the Secretary shall prepare a feasibility report, subject to section 2215 of this title. Such feasibility report shall describe, with reasonable certainty, the economic, environmental, and social benefits and detriments of the recommended plan and alternative plans considered by the Secretary and the engineering features (including hydrologic and geologic information), the public acceptability, and the purposes, scope, and scale of the recommended plan. The feasibility report shall also include the views of other Federal agencies and non-Federal agencies with regard to the recommended plan, a description of a nonstructural alternative to the recommended plan when such plan does not have significant nonstructural features, and a description of the Federal and non-Federal participation in such plan, and shall demonstrate that States, other non-Federal interests, and Federal agencies have been consulted in the development of the recommended plan. This subsection shall not apply to (1) any study with respect to which a report has been submitted to Congress before November 17, 1986, (2) any study for a project, which project is authorized for construction by this Act and is not subject to section 903(b), (3) any study for a project which is authorized under any of the following sections: section 205 of the Flood Control Act of 1948 (33 U.S.C. 701s), section 2 of the Flood Control Act of August 28, 1946 (33 U.S.C. 701r),1 section 107 of the River and Harbor Act of 1960 (33 U.S.C. 577), section 3 of the Act entitled “An Act authorizing Federal participation in the cost of protecting the shores of publicly owned property”, approved August 13, 1946 (33 U.S.C. 426g), and section 111 of the River and Harbor Act of 1968 (33 U.S.C. 426i), and (4) general studies not intended to lead to recommendation of a specific water resources project.
Before initiating any feasibility study under subsection (a) of this section after November 17, 1986, the Secretary shall first perform, at Federal expense, a reconnaissance study of the water resources problem in order to identify potential solutions to such problem in sufficient detail to enable the Secretary to determine whether or not planning to develop a project should proceed to the preparation of a feasibility report. Such reconnaissance study shall include a preliminary analysis of the Federal interest, costs, benefits, and environmental impacts of such project, and an estimate of the costs of preparing the feasibility report. The duration of a reconnaissance study shall normally be no more than twelve months, but in all cases is to be limited to eighteen months.
For purposes of studies undertaken pursuant to this section, the Secretary is authorized to consider benefits which may accrue to Indian tribes as a result of a project resulting from such a study.
The Secretary shall undertake such measures as are necessary to ensure that standard and uniform procedures and practices are followed by each district office (and each division office for any area in which there is no district office) of the United States Army Corps of Engineers in the preparation of feasibility reports on water resources projects.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §905, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4185.)
This Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 99–662, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4082, as amended, known as the Water Resources Development Act of 1986. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2201 of this title and Tables.
Section 903(b), referred to in subsec. (a), is section 903(b) of Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4184, which is not classified to the Code.
Section 2 of the Flood Control Act of August 28, 1946 (33 U.S.C. 701r), referred to in subsec. (a), probably should be a reference to “section 2 of the Flood Control Act of August 28, 1937 (33 U.S.C. 701g), section 14 of the Flood Control Act of 1946 (33 U.S.C. 701r)”, as the probable intent of Congress. Such latter reference appears in an earlier version of H.R. 6 which became Pub. L. 99–662, and also appears in section 915(h) of Pub. L. 99–662, which is classified to section 2290(h) of this title.
1 See References in Text note below.
(1) In the case of any water resources project which is authorized to be constructed by the Secretary before, on, or after November 17, 1986, construction of which has not commenced as of November 17, 1986, and which necessitates the mitigation of fish and wildlife losses, including the acquisition of lands or interests in lands to mitigate losses to fish and wildlife, as a result of such project, such mitigation, including acquisition of the lands or interests—
(A) shall be undertaken or acquired before any construction of the project (other than such acquisition) commences, or
(B) shall be undertaken or acquired concurrently with lands and interests in lands for project purposes (other than mitigation of fish and wildlife losses),
whichever the Secretary determines is appropriate, except that any physical construction required for the purposes of mitigation may be undertaken concurrently with the physical construction of such project.
(2) For the purposes of this subsection, any project authorized before November 17, 1986, on which more than 50 percent of the land needed for the project, exclusive of mitigation lands, has been acquired shall be deemed to have commenced construction under this subsection.
(1) After consultation with appropriate Federal and non-Federal agencies, the Secretary is authorized to mitigate damages to fish and wildlife resulting from any water resources project under his jurisdiction, whether completed, under construction, or to be constructed. Such mitigation may include the acquisition of lands, or interests therein, except that—
(A) acquisition under this paragraph shall not be by condemnation in the case of projects completed as of November 17, 1986, or on which at least 10 percent of the physical construction on the project has been completed as of November 17, 1986; and
(B) acquisition of water, or interests therein, under this paragraph, shall not be by condemnation.
The Secretary, shall, under the terms of this paragraph, obligate no more than $30,000,000 in any fiscal year. With respect to any water resources project, the authority under this subsection shall not apply to measures that cost more than $7,500,000 or 10 percent of the cost of the project, whichever is greater.
(2) Whenever, after his review, the Secretary determines that such mitigation features under this subsection are likely to require condemnation under subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph (1) of this subsection, the Secretary shall transmit to Congress a report on such proposed modification, together with his recommendations.
Costs incurred after November 17, 1986, including lands, easements, rights-of-way, and relocations, for implementation and operation, maintenance, and rehabilitation to mitigate damages to fish and wildlife shall be allocated among authorized project purposes in accordance with applicable cost allocation procedures, and shall be subject to cost sharing or reimbursement to the same extent as such other project costs are shared or reimbursed, except that when such costs are covered by contracts entered into prior to November 17, 1986, such costs shall not be recovered without the consent of the non-Federal interests or until such contracts are complied with or renegotiated.
After November 17, 1986, the Secretary shall not submit any proposal for the authorization of any water resources project to the Congress unless such report contains (1) a recommendation with a specific plan to mitigate fish and wildlife losses created by such project, or (2) a determination by the Secretary that such project will have negligible adverse impact on fish and wildlife. Specific mitigation plans shall ensure that impacts to bottomland hardwood forests are mitigated in-kind, to the extent possible. In carrying out this subsection, the Secretary shall consult with appropriate Federal and non-Federal agencies.
In those cases when the Secretary, as part of any report to Congress, recommends activities to enhance fish and wildlife resources, the first costs of such enhancement shall be a Federal cost when—
(1) such enhancement provides benefits that are determined to be national, including benefits to species that are identified by the National Marine Fisheries Service as of national economic importance, species that are subject to treaties or international convention to which the United States is a party, and anadromous fish;
(2) such enhancement is designed to benefit species that have been listed as threatened or endangered by the Secretary of the Interior under the terms of the Endangered Species Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531, et seq.), or
(3) such activities are located on lands managed as a national wildlife refuge.
When benefits of enhancement do not qualify under the preceding sentence, 25 percent of such first costs of enhancement shall be provided by non-Federal interests under a schedule of reimbursement determined by the Secretary. The non-Federal share of operation, maintenance, and rehabilitation of activities to enhance fish and wildlife resources shall be 25 percent.
Fish and wildlife enhancement measures carried out as part of the project for Atchafalaya Floodway System, Louisiana, authorized by Public Law 99–88, and the project for Mississippi Delta Region, Louisiana, authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1965, shall be considered to provide benefits that are national for purposes of this section.
The provisions of subsections (a), (b), and (d) of this section shall be deemed to supplement the responsibility and authority of the Secretary pursuant to the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act [16 U.S.C. 661 et seq.], and nothing in this section is intended to affect that Act.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §906, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4186; Pub. L. 102–580, title III, §333(a), Oct. 31, 1992, 106 Stat. 4852.)
The Endangered Species Act, as amended, referred to in subsec. (e)(2), probably means the Endangered Species Act of 1973, Pub. L. 93–205, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 884, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 35 (§1531 et seq.) of Title 16, Conservation. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1531 of Title 16 and Tables.
Public Law 99–88, referred to in subsec. (f), is Pub. L. 99–88, Aug. 15, 1985, 99 Stat. 293, known as the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1985. Provisions of Pub. L. 99–88 authorizing the project for the Atchafalaya Floodway System, Louisiana, are not classified to the Code. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
The Flood Control Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (f), is title II of Pub. L. 89–298, Oct. 27, 1965, 79 Stat. 1073. Provisions of that Act authorizing the project for Mississippi Delta Region, Louisiana, are not classified to the Code. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
The Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act referred to in subsec. (g), is act Mar. 10, 1934, ch. 55, 48 Stat. 401, as amended, which is classified generally to sections 661 to 666c of Title 16, Conservation. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 661 of Title 16 and Tables.
1992—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 102–580 inserted “, including lands, easements, rights-of-way, and relocations,” before “for implementation and operation”.
This section is referred to in sections 652, 2211, 2213 of this title.
In the evaluation by the Secretary of benefits and costs of a water resources project, the benefits attributable to measures included in a project for the purpose of environmental quality, including improvement of the environment and fish and wildlife enhancement, shall be deemed to be at least equal to the costs of such measures.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §907, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4188.)
There is established an Environmental Protection and Mitigation Fund. There is authorized to be appropriated to such fund $35,000,000 for fiscal years beginning after September 30, 1986. Amounts in the fund 1 shall be available for undertaking, in advance of construction of any water resources project authorized to be constructed by the Secretary, such measures authorized as part of such project, including the acquisition of lands and interests therein, as may be necessary to ensure that project-induced losses to fish and wildlife production and habitat will be mitigated. The Secretary shall reimburse the Fund for any amounts expended under this section for a water resources project from the first appropriations made for construction, including planning and designing, of such project.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §908, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4188.)
1 So in original. Probably should be capitalized.
The Secretary is authorized to accept funds from any entity, public or private, in accordance with the Pacific Northwest Electric Power Planning and Conservation Act [16 U.S.C. 839 et seq.] to be used to protect, mitigate, and enhance fish and wildlife in connection with projects constructed or operated by the Secretary. The Secretary may accept and use funds for such purposes without regard to any limitation established under any other provision of law or rule of law.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title XI, §1146, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4253.)
The Pacific Northwest Electric Power Planning and Conservation Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 96–501, Dec. 5, 1980, 94 Stat. 2697, which is classified principally to chapter 12H (§839 et seq.) of Title 16, Conservation. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 839 of Title 16 and Tables.
After the Chief of Engineers transmits his recommendations for a water resources development project to the Secretary for transmittal to the Congress, as authorized in section 701–1 of this title, and before authorization for construction of such project, the Chief of Engineers is authorized to undertake continued planning and engineering (other than preparation of plans and specifications) for such project if the Chief of Engineers finds that the project is without substantial controversy and justifies further engineering, economic, and environmental investigations and the Chief of Engineers transmits to the Committee on Public Works and Transportation of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a statement of such findings. In the one-year period after authorization for construction of such project, the Chief of Engineers is authorized to undertake planning, engineering, and design for such project.
Not later than January 15, 1987, and each January 15 thereafter, the Secretary shall prepare and transmit a report on the activities undertaken under this section in the preceding fiscal year to the Committee on Public Works and Transportation of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate.
The authorization made by this section shall be in addition to any other authorizations for planning, engineering, and design of water resources development projects and shall not be construed as a limitation on any other such authorization.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §910, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4189.)
Committee on Public Works and Transportation of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Jan. 4, 1995.
During the design of each water resources project which has a total cost in excess of $10,000,000, which is authorized before, on, or after November 17, 1986, and undertaken by the Secretary, and on which construction has not been initiated as of November 17, 1986, the Secretary shall require a review of the cost effectiveness of such design. The review shall employ cost control techniques which will ensure that such project is designed in the most cost-effective way for the life of the project.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §911, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4189.)
In the preparation of feasibility reports for projects for flood damage prevention in urban and rural areas, the Secretary may consider and evaluate measures to reduce or eliminate damages from flooding without regard to frequency of flooding, drainage area, and amount of runoff. This section shall apply with respect to any project, or separable element thereof, the Federal share of the cost of which is less than $3,000,000.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §914, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4190.)
The Secretary is authorized to use the authority contained in section 205 of the Flood Control Act of 1948 (33 U.S.C. 701s), section 2 of the Flood Control Act of August 28, 1937 (33 U.S.C. 701g), section 14 of the Flood Control Act of 1946 (33 U.S.C. 701r), section 107 of the River and Harbor Act of 1960 (33 U.S.C. 577), section 3 of the Act entitled “An Act authorizing Federal participation in the cost of protecting the shores of publicly owned property”, approved August 13, 1946 (33 U.S.C. 426g), and section 111 of the River and Harbor Act of 1968 (33 U.S.C. 426i) in the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §915(h), Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4191.)
For termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, see note set out preceding section 1681 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions.
(a) The Secretary may enter into a contract providing for the payment or recovery of an appropriate share of the costs of a project under his responsibility with a Federal Project Repayment District or other political subdivision of a State prior to the construction, operation, improvement, or financing of such project. The Federal Project Repayment District shall include lands and improvements which receive identifiable benefits from the construction or operation of such project. Such districts shall be established in accordance with State law, shall have specific boundaries which may be changed from time to time based upon further evaluations of benefits, and shall have the power to recover benefits through any cost-recovery approach that is consistent with State law and satisfies the applicable cost-recovery requirement under subsection (b) of this section.
(b) Prior to execution of an agreement pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, the Secretary shall require and approve a study from the State or political subdivision demonstrating that the revenues to be derived from a contract under this section, or an agreement with a Federal Project Repayment District, will be sufficient to equal or exceed the cost recovery requirements over the term of repayment required by Federal law.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §916, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4191; Pub. L. 100–676, §15, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4026.)
1988—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–676 substituted “have the power to recover benefits through any cost-recovery approach that is consistent with State law and satisfies the applicable cost-recovery requirement under subsection (b) of this section” for “include the power to collect a portion of the transfer price from any transaction involving the sale, transfer, or change in beneficial ownership of lands and improvements within the district boundaries”.
Any surveying or mapping services to be performed in connection with a water resources project which is or has been authorized to be undertaken by the Secretary shall be procured in accordance with title IX of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 [40 U.S.C. 541 et seq.].
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §918, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4192.)
The Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949, referred to in text, is act June 30, 1949, ch. 288, 63 Stat. 377, as amended. Title IX of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act is classified generally to subchapter VI (§541 et seq.) of chapter 10 of Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 471 of Title 40 and Tables.
In the event of a declaration of war or a declaration by the President of a national emergency in accordance with the National Emergencies Act [50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.] that requires or may require use of the Armed Forces, the Secretary, without regard to any other provision of law, may (1) terminate or defer the construction, operation, maintenance, or repair of any Department of the Army civil works project that he deems not essential to the national defense, and (2) apply the resources of the Department of the Army's civil works program, including funds, personnel, and equipment, to construct or assist in the construction, operation, maintenance, and repair of authorized civil works, military construction, and civil defense projects that are essential to the national defense.
The Secretary shall immediately notify the appropriate committees of Congress of any actions taken pursuant to the authorities provided by this section, and cease to exercise such authorities not later than 180 calendar days after the termination of the state of war or national emergency, whichever occurs later.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §923, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4194.)
The National Emergencies Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 94–412, Sept. 14, 1976, 90 Stat. 1255, as amended, which is classified principally to chapter 34 (§1601 et seq.) of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1601 of Title 50 and Tables.
The Secretary shall establish in the Directorate of Civil Works of the Office of the Chief of Engineers an Office of Environmental Policy. Such Office shall be responsible for the formulation, coordination, and implementation of all matters concerning environmental quality and policy as they relate to the water resources program of the United States Army Corps of Engineers. Such Office shall, among other things, develop, and monitor compliance with, guidelines for the consideration of environmental quality in formulation and planning of water resources projects carried out by the Secretary, the preparation and coordination of environmental impact statements for such projects, and the coordination with Federal, State, and local agencies of environmental aspects of such projects and regulatory responsibilities of the Secretary.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §924, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4194.)
Within one year after November 17, 1986, the laws of the United States relating to the improvement of rivers and harbors, flood control, beach erosion, and other water resources development enacted after November 8, 1966, and before January 1, 1987, shall be compiled under the direction of the Secretary and the Chief of Engineers and printed for the use of the Department of the Army, the Congress, and the general public. The Secretary shall reprint the volumes containing such laws enacted before November 8, 1966. In addition, the Secretary shall include an index in each volume so compiled or reprinted. The Secretary shall transmit copies of each such volume to Congress.
The Secretary shall prepare and submit the annual report required by section 556 of this title, in two volumes. Volume I shall consist of a summary and highlights of Corps of Engineers’ activities, authorities, and accomplishments. Volume II shall consist of detailed information and field reports on Corps of Engineers’ activities. The Secretary shall publish an index with each annual report.
The Secretary shall prepare biennially for public information a report for each State containing a description of each water resources project under the jurisdiction of the Secretary in such State and the status of each such project. Each report shall include an index. The report for each State shall be prepared in a separate volume. The reports under this subsection shall be published at the same time and the first such reports shall be published not later than one year after November 17, 1986.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §925, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4194.)
(a) In the case of any water resources project which is authorized to be constructed by the Secretary before, on, or after November 17, 1986, construction of which has not commenced before November 17, 1986, and which involves the acquisition of lands or interests in lands for recreation purposes, such lands or interests shall be acquired along with the acquisition of lands and interests in lands for other project purposes.
(b) The Secretary is authorized to acquire real property by condemnation, purchase, donation, exchange, or otherwise, as a part of any water resources development project for use for public park and recreation purposes, including but not limited to, real property not contiguous to the principal part of the project.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §926, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4195.)
The Secretary shall not require, under section 460d of title 16, and the Federal Water Project Recreation Act [16 U.S.C. 460l–12 et seq.], non-Federal interests to assume operation and maintenance of any recreational facility operated by the Secretary at any water resources project as a condition to the construction of new recreational facilities at such project or any other water resources project.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §927, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4195.)
The Federal Water Project Recreation Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 89–72, July 9, 1965, 79 Stat. 213, as amended, which is classified principally to part C (§460l–12 et seq.) of subchapter LXIX of chapter 1 of Title 16, Conservation. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 460l–12 of Title 16 and Tables.
Any report describing a project having recreation benefits that is submitted after November 17, 1986, to the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate or the Committee on Public Works and Transportation of the House of Representatives by the Secretary, or by the Secretary of Agriculture under authority of the Watershed Protection and Flood Protection Act (68 Stat. 666; 16 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.), shall describe the usage of other, similar public recreational facilities within the general area of the project, and the anticipated impact of the proposed project on the usage of such existing recreational facilities.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §928, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4195.)
The Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act, referred to in text, is act Aug. 4, 1954, ch. 656, 68 Stat. 666, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 18 (§1001 et seq.) of Title 16, Conservation. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1001 of Title 16 and Tables.
Committee on Public Works and Transportation of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Jan. 4, 1995.
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, in any case in which the use of fill material for beach erosion and beach nourishment is authorized as a purpose of an authorized water resources project, the Secretary is authorized to acquire by purchase, exchange, or otherwise from nondomestic sources and utilize such material for such purposes if such materials are not available from domestic sources for environmental or economic reasons.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §935, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4197.)
The Secretary shall study and evaluate the measures necessary to increase the capabilities of the United States Army Corps of Engineers to undertake the planning and construction of water resources projects on an expedited basis and to adequately comply with all requirements of law applicable to the water resources program of the Corps of Engineers. As part of such study the Secretary shall consider appropriate measures to increase reliance on the private sector in the conduct of the water resources program of the Corps of Engineers. The Secretary shall implement such measures as may be necessary to improve the capabilities referred to in the first sentence of this section, including the establishment of increased levels of personnel, changes in project planning and construction procedures designed to lessen the time required for such planning and construction, and procedures for expediting the coordination of water resources projects with Federal, State, and local agencies.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §936, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4197.)
Pub. L. 100–676, §44, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4041, provided that: “The Comptroller General of the United States General Accounting Office is authorized and directed to conduct a review of the Civil Works Program of the United States Army Corps of Engineers. This management and administration review shall be transmitted to Congress, together with any recommendations which the Comptroller General may make.”
Not later than January 15, 1988, and each January 15 thereafter, the Secretary shall transmit to the Committee on Public Works and Transportation of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report which—
(1) specifies the amount of electricity generated by each water resource project constructed by the Secretary which generated electricity in the preceding fiscal year;
(2) specifies the revenues received by the United States from the sale of electricity generated by such project; and
(3) specifies the costs of construction, operation, and maintenance of such project allocated to the generation of electricity.
In carrying out the study under this section, the Secretary shall compare the actual amount of capital costs repaid to that amount that would be required to repay capital costs. The first report submitted under this section shall specify the amounts of electricity generated, the revenues received, and the costs allocated for each such project before October 1, 1985, on a fiscal year basis in constant dollars. Each report thereafter shall specify the amounts of electricity generated, the revenues received, and the costs allocated for each such project for the preceding fiscal year.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §937, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4198.)
Committee on Public Works and Transportation of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Jan. 4, 1995.
(a)(1) The Secretary shall, on an annual basis, transmit to the Committee on Public Works and Transportation of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate, a report describing the number and dollar amount of contracts awarded in each industry category or subcategory broken down by Engineer District of the Army Corps of Engineers. Such report shall include the number and dollar amount of contracts (A) set aside for small business concerns; (B) awarded to small business or small disadvantaged business concerns; (C) available for competition by qualified firms of all sizes; and (D) awarded to other than small business or small disadvantaged business concerns.
(2) For purposes of this section, the term—
(A) “contract” means any contract, or any subcontract in connection with a subcontracting plan entered into pursuant to section 637(d) of title 15, which is funded through appropriations made available to the Corps of Engineers-Civil; and
(B) “industry category or subcategory” means the four digit SIC category or subcategory defined by the Small Business Administration.
(b) In the interest of efficient and cost effective operations by the Secretary, the Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct a study of the Secretary's contracting procedures for civil works projects. Such study shall examine whether potential bidders or offerors, regardless of their size, are allowed to compete fairly in the interest of lowering cost on contracts for construction. Within two years of November 17, 1986, the Comptroller General shall report his findings to Congress together with an assessment of whether contract procedures are applied uniformly among the various field offices under the Secretary's jurisdiction. The report shall also provide recommendations on improving contracting procedures, including (1) how the Secretary can prepare proposals for construction that assure, to the greatest extent reasonable, that no potential bidder or offeror is precluded from competing fairly for contracts, (2) whether recordkeeping requirements imposed by the Secretary on contractors are appropriate in the interest of competition, and (3) the extent to which the private sector can be used more efficiently by the Secretary in contracting for construction, architecture, engineering, surveying, and mapping.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §938, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4198.)
Committee on Public Works and Transportation of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Jan. 4, 1995.
The Secretary is authorized to preserve, restore, and maintain those historic properties located on water resource development project lands under the jurisdiction of the Department of the Army if such properties have been entered into the National Register of Historic Places.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §943, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4200.)
If any provision of this Act, or the application of any provision of this Act to any person or circumstance, is held invalid, the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances, and the remainder of this Act, shall not be affected thereby.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §949, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4201.)
This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 99–662, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4082, as amended, known as the Water Resources Development Act of 1986. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2201 of this title and Tables.
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, Federal assistance made available by the Farmers Home Administration may be used to pay the non-Federal share of any other Federal grant-in-aid program for any project for water resources, including water pollution control.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §950, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4201.)
If any report required to be transmitted under this Act to the Committee on Public Works and Transportation of the House of Representatives or the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate pertains in whole or in part to fish and wildlife mitigation, benthic environmental repercussions, or ecosystem mitigation, the Federal officer required to prepare or transmit that report also shall transmit a copy of the report to the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries of the House of Representatives.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §951, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4201.)
This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 99–662, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4082, as amended, known as the Water Resources Development Act of 1986. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2201 of this title and Tables.
Committee on Public Works and Transportation of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Jan. 4, 1995.
Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries of House of Representatives abolished and its jurisdiction given primarily to Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of House of Representatives, and remainder of jurisdiction given to Committees on National Security and on Resources of House of Representatives, by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Jan. 4, 1995.
The Secretary shall undertake a program of research for the control of ice, and to assist communities in breaking up ice, which otherwise is likely to cause or aggravate flood damage or severe streambank erosion.
The Secretary is further authorized to provide technical assistance to units of local government to implement local plans to control or break up such ice. As part of such authority, the Secretary shall acquire necessary ice-control or ice-breaking equipment, which shall be loaned to units of local government together with operating assistance, where appropriate.
There is authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000 per fiscal year for each of the fiscal years 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, and 1992 for purposes of carrying out subsections (a) and (b) of this section, such sums to remain available until expended.
To implement further the purposes of this section, the Secretary, in consultation and cooperation with local officials, is authorized and directed to undertake a demonstration program for the control of ice at Hardwick, Vermont. The work authorized by this subsection shall be designed to minimize the danger of flooding due to ice problems in the vicinity of such community. In the design, construction, and location of ice-control structures for this project, full consideration will be given to the recreational, scenic, and environmental values of the reach of river affected by the project, in order to minimize project impacts on these values. Full opportunity shall be given to interested environmental and recreational organizations to participate in such planning. There is authorized to be appropriated $900,000 for fiscal years beginning after September 30, 1986, for the purposes of carrying out this subsection, such sum to remain available until expended.
(1) The Secretary is directed to complete an experimental program placing screens in the Salmon River in the vicinity of Salmon, Idaho, to trap frazil ice, and thus to eliminate flooding caused by ice dams in the river. Within one year of November 17, 1986, the Secretary shall report to the Congress on the feasibility of such experiment, including consideration of any adverse environmental or social effects that could result from such experiment. If, in the Secretary's judgment, such experiment is not feasible or acceptable, the Secretary is authorized to consult with local public interests to develop a plan that is workable and practical, and then to submit such plan to Congress.
(2) There is authorized to be appropriated $1,000,000 for fiscal years beginning after September 30, 1986, for purposes of carrying out this subsection, such sum to remain available until expended.
(1) To implement further the purposes of this section, the Secretary shall carry out a project for the control of ice on the Kankakee River in the vicinity of Wilmington, Illinois. The Secretary shall report to Congress not later than one year after November 17, 1986, and annually thereafter on the effectiveness of the program under this section with respect to the Kankakee River in the vicinity of Wilmington, Illinois.
(2) There is authorized to be appropriated $3,000,000 for fiscal years beginning after September 30, 1986, for purposes of carrying out this subsection, such sum to remain available until expended.
Cost sharing applicable to flood control projects under section 2213 of this title shall apply to projects under this section.
Not later than March 1, 1989, the Secretary shall report to the Congress on activities under this section.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title XI, §1101, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4223.)
The Secretary may establish and develop separate campgrounds for individuals sixty-two years of age or older at any lake or reservoir under the jurisdiction of the Secretary where camping is permitted.
The Secretary may prescribe regulations to control the use of and the access to any separate campground established and developed under subsection (a) of this section.
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years beginning after September 30, 1986, to carry out subsection (a) of this section.
The Secretary shall establish and develop the parcel of land (located in the State of Texas at the Sam Rayburn Dam and Reservoir) described in subsection (g) of this section as a separate campground for individuals sixty-two years of age or older.
The Secretary shall prescribe regulations to control the use of and the access to the separate campground established and developed pursuant to subsection (d) of this section.
There are authorized to be appropriated for fiscal years beginning after September 30, 1986, $600,000 to carry out subsection (d) of this section.
The parcel of land to be established and developed as a separate campground pursuant to subsection (d) of this section is a tract of land of approximately 50 acres which is located in the county of Angelina in the State of Texas and which is part of the Thomas Hanks survey. The boundary of the parcel begins at a point at the corner furthest west of tract numbered 3420 of the Sam Rayburn Dam and Reservoir:
thence north 81 degrees 30 minutes east, approximately 2,800 feet to a point at the edge of the water;
thence south along the edge of the water approximately 2,600 feet;
thence north 80 degrees 30 minutes west, approximately 1,960 feet to a point at the reentrant corner of tract numbered 3419 of the Sam Rayburn Dam and Reservoir;
thence along the boundary line of tract numbered 3419 north 46 degrees 15 minutes west, 220 feet to a point at the center line of a road at the corner common to tract numbered 3419 and tract numbered 3420;
thence along the southwestern boundary line of tract numbered 3420 north 46 degrees 15 minutes west, 230 feet to a point at the corner furthest east of tract numbered 3424 of the Sam Rayburn Dam and Reservoir;
thence along the boundary line of tract numbered 3424 south 32 degrees 4 minutes west, 420 feet to a point;
thence along the boundary line of tract numbered 3424 north 28 degrees 34 minutes west, 170 feet to a point;
thence along the boundary line of tract numbered 3424 north 38 degrees 15 minutes east, 248 feet to a point;
thence along the boundary line of tract numbered 3424 north 32 degrees 44 minutes east, 120 feet to a point at the corner furthest north of tract numbered 3424;
thence along the southwestern boundary line of tract numbered 3420 north 46 degrees 15 minutes west, 460 feet to the beginning point.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title XI, §1127, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4245.)
To ensure the coordinated economic revitalization and environmental enhancement of the Great Lakes and their connecting channels and the Saint Lawrence Seaway (hereinafter in this section referred to as the “Great Lakes”), known as the “Fourth Seacoast” of the United States, it is hereby declared to be the intent of Congress to recognize the importance of the economic vitality of the Great Lakes region, the importance of exports from the region in the United States balance of trade, and the need to assure an environmentally and socially responsible navigation system for the Great Lakes. Congress finds that the Great Lakes provide a diversity of agricultural, commercial, environmental, recreational, and related opportunities based on their extensive water resources and water transportation systems.
(1) There is hereby established a Board to be known as the Great Lakes Commodities Marketing Board (hereinafter in this subsection referred to as the “Board”).
(2)(A) The Board shall develop a strategy to improve the capacity of the Great Lakes region to produce, market, and transport commodities in a timely manner and to maximize the efficiency and benefits of marketing products produced in the Great Lakes region and products shipped through the Great Lakes.
(B) The strategy shall address, among other things, environmental issues relating to transportation on the Great Lakes and marketing difficulties experienced due to late harvest seasons in the Great Lakes region. The strategy shall include, as appropriate alternative storage, sales, marketing, multimodal transportation systems, and other systems, to assure optimal economic benefits to the region from agricultural and other commercial activities. The strategy shall develop—
(i) methods to improve and promote both bulk and general cargo trade through Great Lakes ports;
(ii) methods to accelerate the movement of grains and other agricultural commodities through the Great Lakes;
(iii) methods to provide needed flexibility to farmers in the Great Lakes region to market grains and other agricultural commodities; and
(iv) methods and materials to promote trade from the Great Lakes region and through Great Lakes ports, particularly with European, Mediterranean, African, Caribbean, Central American, and South American nations.
(C) In developing the strategy, the Board shall conduct and consider the results of—
(i) an analysis of the feasibility and costs of using iron ore vessels, which are not being utilized, to move grain and other agricultural commodities on the Great Lakes;
(ii) an economic analysis of transshipping such commodities through Montreal, Canada, and other ports;
(iii) an analysis of the economic feasibility of storing such commodities during the non-navigation season of the Great Lakes and the feasibility of and need for construction of new storage facilities for such commodities;
(iv) an analysis of the constraints on the flexibility of farmers in the Great Lakes region to market grains and other agricultural commodities, including harvest dates for such commodities and the availability of transport and storage facilities for such commodities; and
(v) an analysis of the amount of grain and other agricultural commodities produced in the United States which are being diverted to Canada by rail but which could be shipped on the Great Lakes if vessels were available for shipping such products during the navigation season.
(D) In developing the strategy, the Board shall consider weather problems and related costs and marketing problems resulting from the late harvest of agricultural commodities (including wheat and sunflower seeds) in the Great Lakes region.
(E) In developing the strategy, the Board shall consult United States ports on the Great Lakes and their users, including farm organizations (such as wheat growers and soybean growers), port authorities, water carrier organizations, and other interested persons.
(3) The Board shall be composed of seven members as follows:
(A) the chairman of the Great Lakes Commission or his or her delegate,
(B) the Secretary or his or her delegate,
(C) the Secretary of Transportation or his or her delegate,
(D) the Secretary of Commerce or his or her delegate,
(E) the Administrator of the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation or his or her delegate,
(F) the Secretary of Agriculture or his or her delegate, and
(G) the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency or his or her delegate.
(4)(A) Members of the Board shall serve for the life of the Board.
(B) Members of the Board shall serve without pay and those members who are full time officers or employees of the United States shall receive no additional pay by reason of their service on the Board, except that members of the Board shall be allowed travel or transportation expenses under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5 while away from their homes or regular places of business and engaged in the actual performance of duties vested in the Board.
(C) Four members of the Board shall constitute a quorum but a lesser number may hold hearings.
(D) The co-chairmen of the Board shall be the Secretary or his or her delegate and the Administrator of the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation or his or her delegate.
(E) The Board shall meet at the call of the co-chairmen or a majority of its members.
(5)(A) The Board shall, without regard to section 5311(b) 1 of title 5, have a Director, who shall be appointed by the Board and shall be paid at a rate which the Board considers appropriate.
(B) Subject to such rules as may be prescribed by the Board, without regard to 5311(b) 1 of title 5, the Board may appoint and fix the pay of such additional personnel as the Board considers appropriate.
(C) Upon request of the Board, the head of any Federal agency is authorized to detail, on a reimbursable basis, any of the personnel of such agency to the Board to assist the Board in carrying out its duties under this subsection.
(6)(A) The Board may, for purposes of carrying out this subsection, hold such hearings, sit and act at such times and places, take such testimony, and receive such evidence, as the Board considers appropriate.
(B) Any member or agent of the Board may, if so authorized by the Board, take any action which the Board is authorized to take by this paragraph.
(C) The Board may secure directly from any department or agency of the United States any information necessary to enable it to carry out this subsection. Upon request of the co-chairmen of the Board, the head of such department or agency shall furnish such information to the Board.
(D) The Board may use the United States mail in the same manner and under the same conditions as other departments and agencies of the United States.
(E) The Administrator of General Services shall provide to the Board on a reimbursable basis such administrative support services as the Board may request.
(7) Not later than September 30, 1989, the Board shall transmit to the President and to each House of the Congress a report stating the strategy developed under this subsection and the results of each analysis conducted under this subsection. Such report shall contain a detailed statement of the findings and conclusions of the Board together with its recommendations for such legislative and administrative actions as it considers appropriate to carry out such strategy and to assure maximum economic benefits to the users of the Great Lakes and to the Great Lakes region.
(8) The Board shall cease to exist 180 days after submitting its report pursuant to this subsection.
(9) The non-Federal share of the cost of carrying out this subsection shall be 25 percent. There is authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out the Federal share of this subsection for fiscal years beginning after September 30, 1986, and ending before October 1, 1990.
(1) The President shall invite the Government of Canada to join in the formation of an international advisory group whose duty it shall be (A) to develop a bilateral program for improving navigation, through a coordinated strategy, on the Great Lakes, and (B) to conduct investigations on a continuing basis and make recommendations for a system-wide navigation improvement program to facilitate optimum use of the Great Lakes. The advisory group shall be composed of five members representing the United States, five members representing Canada, and two members from the International Joint Commission established by the treaty between the United States and Great Britain relating to boundary waters between the United States and Canada, signed at Washington, January 11, 1909 (36 Stat. 2448). The five members representing the United States shall include the Secretary of State, one member of the Great Lakes Commodities Marketing Board (as designated by the Board), and three individuals appointed by the President representing commercial, shipping, and environmental interests, respectively.
(2) The United States representatives to the international advisory group shall serve without pay and the United States representatives to the advisory group who are full time officers or employees of the United States shall receive no additional pay by reason of their service on the advisory group, except that the United States representatives shall be allowed travel or transportation expenses under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5 while away from their homes or regular place of business and engaged in the actual performance of duties vested in the advisory group.
(3) The international advisory group established by this subsection shall report to Congress and to the Canadian Parliament on its progress in carrying out the duties set forth in this subsection not later than one year after the formation of such group and biennially thereafter.
The Secretary and the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, in cooperation with the Secretary of the Interior, the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and other appropriate Federal and non-Federal entities, shall carry out a review of the environmental, economic, and social impacts of navigation in the United States portion of the Great Lakes. In carrying out such review, the Secretary and the Administrator shall use existing research, studies, and investigations relating to such impacts to the maximum extent possible. Special emphasis shall be made in such review of the impacts of navigation on the shoreline and on fish and wildlife habitat, including, but not limited to, impacts associated with resuspension of bottom sediment. The Secretary and the Administrator shall submit to Congress an interim report of such review not later than September 30, 1988, and a final report of such review along with recommendations not later than September 30, 1990.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title XI, §1132, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4246.)
Section 5311(b) of title 5, referred to in subsec. (b)(5)(A), (B), was repealed by Pub. L. 101–509, title V, §529 [title I, §104(c)(1)], Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1427, 1447.
1 See References in Text note below.
The Secretary is authorized to review the operation of water resources projects constructed by the Secretary to determine the need for modifications in the structures and operations of such projects for the purpose of improving the quality of the environment in the public interest.
The Secretary is authorized to carry out a program for the purpose of making such modifications in the structures and operations of water resources projects constructed by the Secretary which the Secretary determines (1) are feasible and consistent with the authorized project purposes, and (2) will improve the quality of the environment in the public interest. The non-Federal share of the cost of any modifications carried out under this section shall be 25 percent. No modification shall be carried out under this section without specific authorization by Congress if the estimated cost exceeds $5,000,000.
The Secretary shall coordinate any actions taken pursuant to this section with appropriate Federal, State, and local agencies.
Beginning in 1992 and every 2 years thereafter, the Secretary shall transmit to Congress a report on the results of reviews conducted under subsection (a) of this section and on the program conducted under subsection (b) of this section.
There is authorized to be appropriated not to exceed $25,000,000 annually to carry out this section.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title XI, §1135, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4251; Pub. L. 100–676, §41, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4040; Pub. L. 101–640, title III, §304, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4634; Pub. L. 102–580, title II, §202, Oct. 31, 1992, 106 Stat. 4826.)
Section was formerly set out as a note under section 2294 of this title.
1992—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 102–580, §202(1), inserted at end “No modification shall be carried out under this section without specific authorization by Congress if the estimated cost exceeds $5,000,000.”
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 102–580, §202(2), substituted “$25,000,000” for “$15,000,000”.
1990—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–640, §304(a), struck out “before the date of enactment of this Act” after “constructed by the Secretary”.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 101–640, §304(b), substituted “program” for “demonstration program in the 5-year period beginning on the date of enactment of this Act” and struck out “before the date of enactment of this Act” after “constructed by the Secretary”.
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 101–640, §304(c), amended subsec. (d) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (d) read as follows: “Not later than 5 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall transmit to Congress a report on the results of the review conducted under subsection (a) and on the demonstration program conducted under subsection (b). Such report shall contain any recommendations of the Secretary concerning modification and extension of such program.”
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 101–640, §304(d), substituted “$15,000,000 annually to carry out this section” for “$25,000,000 to carry out this section”.
1988—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100–676, §41(a), substituted “5-year period” for “two-year period”.
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 100–676, §41(b), substituted “5 years” for “two years”.
The Secretary shall waive local cost-sharing requirements up to $200,000 for all studies and projects in American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands, and the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title XI, §1156, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4256.)
For termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, see note set out preceding section 1681 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions.
Any report that is submitted to the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate or the Committee on Public Works and Transportation of the House of Representatives by the Secretary, or the Secretary of Agriculture acting under Public Law 83–566, as amended [16 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.], which proposes construction of a water impoundment facility, shall include information on the consequences of failure and geologic or design factors which could contribute to the possible failure of such facility.
(Pub. L. 99–662, title XII, §1202, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4263.)
Public Law 83–566, as amended, referred to in text, is act Aug. 4, 1954, ch. 656, 68 Stat. 666, as amended, known as the Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act, which is classified generally to chapter 18 (§1001 et seq.) of Title 16, Conservation. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1001 of Title 16 and Tables.
Committee on Public Works and Transportation of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Jan. 4, 1995.
Before the Secretary may make changes in the operation of any reservoir which will result in or require a reallocation of storage space in such reservoir or will significantly affect any project purpose, the Secretary shall provide an opportunity for public review and comment.
(Pub. L. 100–676, §5, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4022.)
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1988, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 2 of Pub. L. 100–676, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
For the purpose of improving the state of engineering and construction in the United States and consistent with the mission of the Army Corps of Engineers, the Secretary is authorized to utilize Army Corps of Engineers laboratories and research centers to undertake, on a cost-shared basis, collaborative research and development with non-Federal entities, including State and local government, colleges and universities, and corporations, partnerships, sole proprietorships, and trade associations which are incorporated or established under the laws of any of the several States of the United States or the District of Columbia.
In carrying out this section, the Secretary may consider the recommendations of a non-Federal entity in identifying appropriate research or development projects and may enter into a cooperative research and development agreement, as defined in section 12 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710a); except that in such agreement, the Secretary may agree to provide not more than 50 percent of the cost of any research or development project selected by the Secretary under this section. Not less than 5 percent of the non-Federal entity's share of the cost of any such project shall be paid in cash.
The research, development, or utilization of any technology pursuant to an agreement under subsection (b) of this section, including the terms under which such technology may be licensed and the resulting royalties may be distributed, shall be subject to the provisions of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701–3714).
To carry out the purposes of this section, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of the Army civil works funds $3,000,000 for fiscal year 1989, $4,000,000 for fiscal year 1990, $5,000,000 for fiscal year 1991, and $6,000,000 for each fiscal year thereafter.
Notwithstanding the third proviso under the heading “
(Pub. L. 100–676, §7, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4022.)
The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (c), is Pub. L. 96–480, Oct. 21, 1980, 94 Stat. 2311, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 63 (§3701 et seq.) of Title 15, Commerce and Trade. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3701 of Title 15 and Tables.
The third proviso under the heading “
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1988, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
Pub. L. 101–640, title IV, §417, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4652, provided that:
“(a)
“(b)
“(c)
“(d)
“(e)
Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 2 of Pub. L. 100–676, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
The Secretary shall, whenever feasible, seek to promote long- and short-term cost savings, increased efficiency, reliability, and safety, and improved environmental results through the use of innovative technology in all phases of water resources development projects and programs under the Secretary's jurisdiction. To further this goal, Congress encourages the Secretary to—
(1) use procurement and contracting procedures that encourage innovative project design, construction, rehabilitation, repair, and operation and maintenance technologies;
(2) frequently review technical and design criteria to remove or modify unnecessary impediments to innovation;
(3) increase timely exchange of technical information with universities, private companies, government agencies, and individuals;
(4) foster design competition; and
(5) encourage greater participation by non-Federal project sponsors in the development and implementation of projects.
Within 2 years after November 17, 1988, and thereafter at the Secretary's discretion, the Secretary shall provide Congress with a report on the results of, and recommendations to increase, the development and use of innovative technology in water resources development projects under the Secretary's jurisdiction. Such report shall also contain information regarding innovative technologies which the Secretary has considered and rejected for use in water resources development projects under the Secretary's jurisdiction.
For the purpose of this section, the term “innovative technology” means designs, materials, or methods which the Secretary determines are previously undemonstrated or are too new to be considered standard practice.
(Pub. L. 100–676, §8, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4023.)
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1988, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 2 of Pub. L. 100–676, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
The Secretary is authorized to provide technical assistance, on a nonexclusive basis, to any United States firm which is competing for, or has been awarded, a contract for the planning, design, or construction of a project outside the United States, if the United States firm provides, in advance of fiscal obligation by the United States, funds to cover all costs of such assistance. In determining whether to provide such assistance, the Secretary shall consider the effects on the Department of the Army civil works mission, personnel, and facilities. Prior to the Secretary providing such assistance, a United States firm must—
(1) certify to the Secretary that such assistance is not otherwise reasonably and expeditiously available; and
(2) agree to hold and save the United States free from damages due to the planning, design, construction, operation, or maintenance of the project.
As to an invention made or conceived by a Federal employee while providing assistance pursuant to this section, if the Secretary decides not to retain all rights in such invention, the Secretary may—
(1) grant or agree to grant in advance, to a United States firm, a patent license or assignment, or an option thereto, retaining a nonexclusive, nontransferable, irrevocable, paid-up license to practice the invention or have the invention practiced throughout the world by or on behalf of the United States and such other rights as the Secretary deems appropriate; or
(2) waive, subject to reservation by the United States of a nonexclusive, irrevocable, paid-up license to practice the invention or have the invention practiced throughout the world by or on behalf of the United States, in advance, in whole, or in part, any right which the United States may have to such invention.
Information of a confidential nature, such as proprietary or classified information, provided to a United States firm pursuant to this section shall be protected. Such information may be released by a United States firm only after written approval by the Secretary.
For purposes of this section—
The term “United States firm” means a corporation, partnership, limited partnership, or sole proprietorship that is incorporated or established under the laws of any of the United States with its principal place of business in the United States.
The term “United States”, when used in a geographical sense, means the several States of the United States and the District of Columbia.
(Pub. L. 100–676, §9, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4024; Pub. L. 101–640, title III, §318(c), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4642.)
Section was formerly set out as a note under section 2314 of this title.
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1988, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
1990—Pub. L. 101–640, §318(c)(1), struck out “demonstration” after “Technical assistance” in section catchline.
Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–640, §318(c)(2), struck out “to undertake a demonstration program for a 2-year period, which shall begin within 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act,” after “The Secretary is authorized”.
Subsecs. (d), (e). Pub. L. 101–640, §318(c)(3), (4), redesignated subsec. (e) as (d) and struck out former subsec. (d) which read as follows: “Within 6 months after the end of the demonstration program authorized by this section, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on the results of such demonstration program.”
Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 2 of Pub. L. 100–676, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
Upon receipt of a request from a non-Federal sponsor of a water resources development project under construction by the Secretary, the Secretary shall provide such sponsor with periodic statements of project expenditures. Such statements shall include an estimate of all Federal and non-Federal funds expended by the Secretary, including overhead expenditures, the purpose for expenditures, and a schedule of anticipated expenditures during the remaining period of construction. Statements shall be provided to the sponsor at intervals of no greater than 6 months.
(Pub. L. 100–676, §10, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4024.)
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1988, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 2 of Pub. L. 100–676, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
The Secretary shall include environmental protection as one of the primary missions of the Corps of Engineers in planning, designing, constructing, operating, and maintaining water resources projects.
Nothing in this section affects—
(1) existing Corps of Engineers’ authorities, including its authorities with respect to navigation and flood control;
(2) pending Corps of Engineers permit applications or pending lawsuits involving permits or water resources projects; or
(3) the application of public interest review procedures for Corps of Engineers permits.
(Pub. L. 101–640, title III, §306, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4635.)
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1990, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 2 of Pub. L. 101–640, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
There is established, as part of the Corps of Engineers water resources development program, an interim goal of no overall net loss of the Nation's remaining wetlands base, as defined by acreage and function, and a long-term goal to increase the quality and quantity of the Nation's wetlands, as defined by acreage and function.
The Secretary shall utilize all appropriate authorities, including those to restore and create wetlands, in meeting the interim and long-term goals.
The Secretary shall develop, in consultation with the Environmental Protection Agency, the Fish and Wildlife Service, and other appropriate Federal agencies, a wetlands action plan to achieve the goals established by this subsection as soon as possible.
The plan shall include and identify actions to be taken by the Secretary in achieving the goals and any new authorities which may be necessary to accelerate attainment of the goals.
The Secretary shall complete the plan not later than 1 year after November 28, 1990.
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary is authorized and directed to establish and carry out a research and pilot project to evaluate and demonstrate—
(1) the use of constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment, and
(2) methods by which such projects contribute—
(A) to meeting the objective of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act [33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.] to restore and maintain the physical, chemical, and biological integrity of the Nation's waters, and
(B) to attaining the goals established by subsection (a) of this section.
The project under this subsection shall be carried out to improve the quality of effluent discharged from publicly owned treatment works operated by the city of Fayetteville, Arkansas, into Mud Creek or its tributaries.
For the project conducted under subsection (b) of this section, the non-Federal interest shall agree—
(1) to provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, relocations, and dredged material disposal areas necessary for construction and subsequent research and demonstration work;
(2) to hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction, operation, and maintenance of the project, except damages due to the fault or negligence of the United States or its contractors; and
(3) to operate and maintain the restored or constructed wetlands in accordance with good management practices; except that nothing in this paragraph shall be construed as precluding a Federal agency from agreeing to operate and maintain the restored or reconstructed wetlands.
The value of the non-Federal lands, easements, rights-of-way, relocations, and dredged material disposal areas provided by the non-Federal interest shall be credited toward the non-Federal share of project design and construction costs. The non-Federal share of project design and construction costs shall be 25 percent.
The Secretary, in consultation with the Administrator, is authorized to establish and implement a demonstration program for the purpose of determining the feasibility of wetlands restoration, enhancement, and creation as a means of contributing to the goals established by subsection (a) of this section.
The goal of the program under this subsection shall be to establish a limited number of demonstration wetlands restoration, enhancement, and creation areas in districts of the Corps of Engineers for the purpose of evaluating the technical and scientific long-term feasibility of such areas as a means of contributing to the attainment of the goals established by subsection (a) of this section. Federal and State land-owning agencies and private parties may contribute to such areas.
In establishing the demonstration program under this subsection, the Secretary shall consider—
(A) past experience with wetlands restoration, enhancement, and creation;
(B) the appropriate means of measuring benefits of compensatory mitigation activities, including enhancement or restoration of existing wetlands or creation of wetlands;
(C) the appropriate geographic scope for which wetlands loss may be offset by restoration, enhancement, and creation efforts;
(D) the technical feasibility and scientific likelihood that wetlands can be successfully restored, enhanced, and created;
(E) means of establishing liability for, and long-term ownership of, wetlands restoration, enhancement, and creation areas; and
(F) responsibilities for short- and long-term project monitoring.
The district engineer for each district of the Corps of Engineers in which a wetlands restoration, enhancement, and creation area is established under this subsection shall transmit annual reports to the Chief of Engineers describing the amount and value of wetlands restored, enhanced, and created for the area and a summary of whether the area is contributing to the goal established in paragraph (2).
Not later than 3 years after November 28, 1990, the Secretary shall transmit to Congress a report evaluating the use of wetlands restoration, enhancement, and creation areas in fulfilling the goal established by paragraph (2), together with recommendations on whether or not to continue use of such areas as a means of meeting the goals established by subsection (a) of this section.
Nothing in this subsection affects any requirements under section 404 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1344) or section 403 of this title.
The Secretary is authorized to establish a program for the training and certification of individuals as wetlands delineators. As part of such program, the Secretary shall carry out demonstration projects in districts of the Corps of Engineers. The program shall include training and certification of delineators and procedures for expediting consideration and acceptance of delineations performed by certified delineators.
The Secretary shall transmit to Congress periodic reports concerning the status of the program and any recommendations on improving the content and implementation of the Federal Manual for Identifying and Delineating Jurisdictional Wetlands.
(Pub. L. 101–640, title III, §307, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4635.)
The Federal Water Pollution Control Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(A), is act June 30, 1948, ch. 758, as amended generally by Pub. L. 92–500, §2, Oct. 18, 1972, 86 Stat. 816, which is classified generally to chapter 26 (§1251 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1251 of this title and Tables.
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1990, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
Section 409 of Pub. L. 101–640 provided that: “Not later than January 20, 1992, the Secretary shall transmit to Congress a list which specifically identifies opportunities of enhancing wetlands in connection with construction and operation of water resource projects.”
Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 2 of Pub. L. 101–640, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
The Secretary shall not include in the benefit base for justifying Federal flood damage reduction projects—
(1)(A) any new or substantially improved structure (other than a structure necessary for conducting a water-dependent activity) built in the 100-year flood plain with a first floor elevation less than the 100-year flood elevation after July 1, 1991; or
(B) in the case of a county substantially located within the 100-year flood plain, any new or substantially improved structure (other than a structure necessary for conducting a water-dependent activity) built in the 10-year flood plain after July 1, 1991; and
(2) any structure which becomes located in the 100-year flood plain with a first floor elevation less than the 100-year flood elevation or in the 10-year flood plain, as the case may be, by virtue of constrictions placed in the flood plain after July 1, 1991.
For the purposes of subsection (a) of this section, a county is substantially located within the 100-year flood plain—
(1) if the county is comprised of lands of which 50 percent or more are located in the 100-year flood plain; and
(2) if the Secretary determines that application of the requirement contained in subsection (a)(1)(A) of this section with respect to the county would unreasonably restrain continued economic development or unreasonably limit the availability of needed flood control measures.
Not later than January 1, 1992, the Secretary shall transmit to Congress a report on the feasibility and advisability of increasing the non-Federal share of costs for new projects in areas where new or substantially improved structures and other constrictions are built or placed in the 100-year flood plain or the 10-year flood plain, as the case may be, after the initial date of the affected governmental unit's entry into the regular program of the national flood insurance program of the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 [42 U.S.C. 4001 et seq.].
Not later than 6 months after the date on which a report is transmitted to Congress under subsection (b) of this section, the Secretary, in consultation with the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, shall issue regulations to implement subsection (a) of this section. Such regulations shall define key terms, such as new or substantially improved structure, constriction, 10-year flood plain, and 100-year flood plain.
The provisions of this section shall not apply to any project, or separable element thereof, for which a final report of the Chief of Engineers has been forwarded to the Secretary before the last day of the 6-month period beginning on the date on which regulations are issued pursuant to subsection (a) of this section but not later than July 1, 1993.
(Pub. L. 101–640, title III, §308, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4638.)
The National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, referred to in subsec. (c), is title XIII of Pub. L. 90–448, Aug. 1, 1968, 82 Stat. 572, as amended, which is classified principally to chapter 50 (§4001 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4001 of Title 42 and Tables.
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1990, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 2 of Pub. L. 101–640, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
Not later than 2 years after November 28, 1990, the Secretary shall establish for major reservoirs under the jurisdiction of the Corps of Engineers a technical advisory committee to provide to the Secretary and Corps of Engineers recommendations on reservoir monitoring and options for reservoir research. The Secretary shall determine the membership of the committee, except that the Secretary may not appoint more than 6 members and shall ensure a predominance of members with appropriate academic, technical, or scientific qualifications. Members shall serve without pay, and the Secretary shall provide any necessary facilities, staff, and other support services in accordance with the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App. 1 et seq.).
The Secretary shall ensure that, in developing or revising reservoir operating manuals of the Corps of Engineers, the Corps shall provide significant opportunities for public participation, including opportunities for public hearings. The Secretary shall issue regulations to implement this subsection, including a requirement that all appropriate informational materials relating to proposed management decisions of the Corps be made available to the public sufficiently in advance of public hearings. Not later than January 1, 1992, the Secretary shall transmit to Congress a report on measures taken pursuant to this subsection.
(Pub. L. 101–640, title III, §310, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4639.)
The Federal Advisory Committee Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 92–463, Oct. 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 770, as amended, which is set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1990, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
Advisory committees established after Jan. 5, 1973, to terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period beginning on the date of their establishment, unless, in the case of a committee established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government, such committee is renewed by appropriate action prior to the expiration of such 2-year period, or in the case of a committee established by Congress, its duration is otherwise provided by law. See section 14 of Pub. L. 92–463, Oct. 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 776, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 2 of Pub. L. 101–640, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
In planning any water resources project, the Secretary shall consider the impact of the project on existing and future recreational and commercial uses in the area surrounding the project.
Whenever the Secretary maintains, repairs, rehabilitates, or reconstructs a water resources project which will result in a change in the configuration of a structure which is a part of such project, the Secretary, to the maximum extent practicable, shall carry out such maintenance, repair, rehabilitation, or reconstruction in a manner which will not adversely affect any recreational use established with respect to such project before the date of such maintenance, repair, rehabilitation, or reconstruction.
If maintenance, repair, rehabilitation, or reconstruction of a water resources project by the Secretary results in a change in the configuration of any structure which is a part of such project and has an adverse effect on a recreational use established with respect to such project before the date of such maintenance, repair, rehabilitation, or reconstruction, the Secretary, to the maximum extent practicable, shall take such actions as may be necessary to restore such recreational use or provide alternative opportunities for comparable recreational use.
The Secretary may not expend more than $2,000,000 in a fiscal year to carry out this subsection.
This subsection shall not be effective after the last day of the 5-year period beginning on November 28, 1990; except that the Secretary may complete any restoration commenced under this subsection on or before such last day.
Subsections (b) and (c) of this section shall apply to maintenance, repair, rehabilitation, or reconstruction for which physical construction is initiated after May 1, 1988.
Subsections (b) and (c) of this section shall not apply to any action of the Secretary which is necessary to discontinue the operation of a water resources project.
Costs incurred by the Secretary to carry out the objectives of this section shall be allocated to recreation and shall be payable by the beneficiaries of the recreation.
(Pub. L. 101–640, title III, §313, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4640.)
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1990, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 2 of Pub. L. 101–640, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
Activities currently performed by personnel under the direction of the Secretary in connection with the operation and maintenance of hydroelectric power generating facilities at Corps of Engineers water resources projects are to be considered as inherently governmental functions and not commercial activities. This section does not prohibit contracting out major maintenance or other functions which are currently contracted out or studying services not directly connected with project maintenance and operations.
(Pub. L. 101–640, title III, §314, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4641.)
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1990, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 2 of Pub. L. 101–640, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
For purposes of Federal participation in water resource development projects which are to be carried out by the Secretary, benefits which are to be provided to a facility owned by a State (including the District of Columbia and a territory or possession of the United States), county, municipality, or other public entity shall not be treated as benefits to be provided a single owner or single entity. The Secretary shall not treat such a facility as a single owner or single entity for any purpose.
(Pub. L. 101–640, title III, §317, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4641.)
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1990, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 2 of Pub. L. 101–640, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
The Secretary is authorized to use Corps of Engineers research and development laboratories to provide research and development assistance to corporations, partnerships, limited partnerships, consortia, public and private foundations, universities, and nonprofit organizations operating within the United States, territories or possessions of the United States, and the Commonwealths of Puerto Rico and the Northern Mariana Islands—
(1) if the entity furnishes in advance of fiscal obligation by the United States such funds as are necessary to cover any and all costs of such research and development assistance;
(2) if the Secretary determines that the research and development assistance to be provided is within the mission of the Corps of Engineers and is in the public interest;
(3) if the entity has certified to the Secretary that provision of such research and development assistance is not otherwise reasonably and expeditiously obtainable from the private sector; and
(4) if the entity has agreed to hold and save the United States free from any damages due to any such research and development assistance.
The Secretary may provide research and development assistance under subsection (a) of this section, or any part thereof, by contract.
(Pub. L. 101–640, title III, §318, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4641.)
Section is comprised of section 318 of Pub. L. 101–640. Subsec. (c) of section 318 of Pub. L. 101–640 amended section 2314a of this title.
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1990, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 2 of Pub. L. 101–640, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
If a low income community requests the Secretary to provide water supply storage space in a water resources development project operated by the Secretary and if the amount of space requested is available or could be made available through reallocation of water supply storage space in the project or through modifications to operation of the project, the Secretary may provide such space to the community at a price determined under subsection (c) of this section.
The maximum amount of water supply storage space which may be provided to a community under this section may not exceed an amount of water supply storage space sufficient to yield 2,000,000 gallons of water per day.
The Secretary shall provide water supply storage space under this section at a price which is the greater of—
(1) the updated construction cost of the project allocated to provide such amount of water supply storage space or $100 per acre foot of storage space, whichever is less; and
(2) the value of the benefits which are lost as a result of providing such water supply storage space.
For purposes of subsection (c) of this section, the determinations of updated construction costs and value of benefits lost shall be made by the Secretary on the basis of the most recent information available.
The $100 amount set forth in subsection (c) of this section shall be adjusted annually by the Secretary for changes in the Consumer Price Index of All Urban Consumers published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Nothing in this section shall be construed as affecting the responsibility of non-Federal interests to provide operation and maintenance costs assigned to water supply storage provided under this section.
The term “low income community” means a community with a population of less than 20,000 which is located in a county with a per capita income less than the per capita income of two-thirds of the counties in the United States.
(Pub. L. 101–640, title III, §322, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4643.)
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1990, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 2 of Pub. L. 101–640, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
In connection with carrying out a water resources project for environmental protection and restoration or a water resources project for recreation, the Secretary is authorized to accept contributions of cash, funds, materials, and services from persons, including governmental entities but excluding the project sponsor.
Any cash or funds received by the Secretary under subsection (a) of this section shall be deposited into the account in the Treasury of the United States entitled “Contributions and Advances, Rivers and Harbors, Corps of Engineers (8662)” and shall be available until expended to carry out water resources projects described in subsection (a) of this section.
(Pub. L. 102–580, title II, §203, Oct. 31, 1992, 106 Stat. 4826.)
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 3 of Pub. L. 102–580, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
The Secretary is authorized to carry out projects for the protection, restoration, and creation of aquatic and ecologically related habitats, including wetlands, in connection with dredging for construction, operation, or maintenance by the Secretary of an authorized navigation project.
Subject to subsection (c) of this section, projects for the protection, restoration, or creation of aquatic and ecologically related habitats may be undertaken in any case where the Secretary finds that—
(1) the environmental, economic, and social benefits of the project, both monetary and nonmonetary, justify the cost thereof; and
(2) the project would not result in environmental degradation.
Any project undertaken pursuant to this section shall be initiated only after non-Federal interests have entered into a cooperative agreement in accordance with the requirements of section 1962d–5b of title 42 in which the non-Federal interests agree to—
(1) provide 25 percent of the cost associated with construction of the project for the protection, restoration, and creation of aquatic and ecologically related habitats, including provision of all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and necessary relocations; and
(2) pay 100 percent of the operation, maintenance, replacement, and rehabilitation costs associated with the project for the protection, restoration, and creation of aquatic and ecologically related habitats.
Costs associated with construction of a project for the protection, restoration, and creation of aquatic and ecologically related habitats shall be limited solely to construction costs which are in excess of those costs necessary to carry out the dredging for construction, operation, or maintenance of the authorized navigation project in the most cost effective way, consistent with economic, engineering, and environmental criteria.
There is authorized to be appropriated not to exceed $15,000,000 annually to carry out this section. Such sums shall remain available until expended.
(Pub. L. 102–580, title II, §204, Oct. 31, 1992, 106 Stat. 4826.)
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 3 of Pub. L. 102–580, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
For purposes of laws relating to navigation on inland and intracoastal waterways of the United States, the term “rehabilitation” means—
(1) major project feature restoration—
(A) which consists of structural work on an inland navigation facility operated and maintained by the Corps of Engineers;
(B) which will significantly extend the physical life of the feature;
(C) which is economically justified by a benefit-cost analysis;
(D) which will take at least 2 years to complete; and
(E)(i) which is initially funded before October 1, 1994, and will require at least $5,000,000 in capital outlays; or
(ii) which is initially funded on or after such date and will require at least $8,000,000 in capital outlays; and
(2) structural modification of a major project component (not exhibiting reliability problems)—
(A) which will enhance the operational efficiency of such component or any other major component of the project by increasing benefits beyond the original project design; and
(B) which will require at least $1,000,000 in capital outlays.
Such term does not include routine or deferred maintenance. The dollar amounts referred to in paragraphs (1) and (2) shall be adjusted annually according to the economic assumption published each year as guidance in the Annual Program and Budget Request for Civil Works Activities of the Corps of Engineers.
(Pub. L. 102–580, title II, §205, Oct. 31, 1992, 106 Stat. 4827.)
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
The Secretary is authorized to develop and implement a program to share the cost of managing recreation facilities and natural resources at water resource development projects under the Secretary's jurisdiction.
To implement the program under this section, the Secretary is authorized to enter into cooperative agreements with non-Federal public and private entities to provide for operation and management of recreation facilities and natural resources at civil works projects under the Secretary's jurisdiction where such facilities and resources are being maintained at complete Federal expense.
For purposes of carrying out this section the Secretary may accept contributions of funds, materials, and services from non-Federal public and private entities. Any funds received by the Secretary under this section shall be deposited into the account in the Treasury of the United States entitled “Contributions and Advances, Rivers and Harbors, Corps of Engineers (8662)” and shall be available until expended to carry out the purposes of this section.
(Pub. L. 102–580, title II, §225, Oct. 31, 1992, 106 Stat. 4838.)
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 3 of Pub. L. 102–580, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
The Secretary is authorized to engage in activities to inform the United States maritime industry and port authorities of technological innovations abroad that could significantly improve waterborne transportation in the United States, both inland and deep draft. Such activities may include—
(1) development, monitoring, assessment, and dissemination of information about foreign water transportation and port facilities that could significantly improve water transportation in the United States;
(2) research, development, training, and other forms of technology transfer and exchange; and
(3) offering technical services which cannot be readily obtained in the private sector to be incorporated in the proposals of port authorities or other water transportation developers if the costs for assistance will be recovered under the terms of each project.
The Secretary may carry out the provisions of this section in cooperation with Federal departments and agencies, State and local agencies, authorities, institutions, corporations (profit or nonprofit), foreign governments, or other organizations.
The funds to carry out the provisions of this section shall include funds deposited in a special account with the Secretary of the Treasury for such purposes by any cooperating entity or organization according to cost-sharing agreements proscribed by the Secretary. Reimbursement for services provided under this section shall be credited to the appropriation concerned.
(Pub. L. 102–580, title IV, §401, Oct. 31, 1992, 106 Stat. 4862.)
Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 3 of Pub. L. 102–580, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.