2009—Pub. L. 111–84, div. A, title V, §525(a)(3)(B), title IX, §901(b), Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2286, 2423, added items 2167a and 2169.
2008—Pub. L. 110–417, [div. A], title V, §543(a)(2), (b)(2), Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4457, 4458, added items 2161 and 2163 and struck out former items 2161 “Joint Military Intelligence College: academic degrees” and 2163 “National Defense University: master's degree programs”.
Pub. L. 110–181, div. A, title V, §526(b)(2), Jan. 28, 2008, 122 Stat. 105, added item 2163 and struck out former item 2163 “National Defense University: master of science degrees”.
2006—Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title V, §521(b), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3240, substituted “National Defense University: master of science degrees” for “National Defense University: masters of science in national security strategy and in national resource strategy” in item 2163.
2001—Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title V, §§528(a)(2), 531(b), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1103, 1104, added items 2167 and 2168.
2000—Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [[div. A], title IX, §911(c)(1)], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A–228, added item 2166.
1997—Pub. L. 105–107, title V, §501(b), Nov. 20, 1997, 111 Stat. 2262, substituted “Joint Military Intelligence College: academic degrees” for “Defense Intelligence School; master of science of strategic intelligence” in item 2261.
Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title IX, §921(a)(2), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1862, added item 2165.
1994—Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title III, §351(b), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2730, added item 2164.
1993—Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title IX, §922(b), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1731, added item 2163.
1990—Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title IX, §911(b)(1), (2), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1626, substituted “DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SCHOOLS” for “GRANTING OF ADVANCED DEGREES AT DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SCHOOLS” as chapter heading and added item 2162.
Pub. L. 107–248, title VIII, §8073, Oct. 23, 2002, 116 Stat. 1553, provided that: “During the current fiscal year and hereafter, the Secretary of Defense may waive reimbursement of the cost of conferences, seminars, courses of instruction, or similar educational activities of the Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies for military officers and civilian officials of foreign nations if the Secretary determines that attendance by such personnel, without reimbursement, is in the national security interest of the United States: Provided, That costs for which reimbursement is waived pursuant to this section shall be paid from appropriations available for the Asia-Pacific Center.”
Similar provisions were contained in the following prior appropriation acts:
Pub. L. 107–117, div. A, title VIII, §8081, Jan. 10, 2002, 115 Stat. 2265.
Pub. L. 106–259, title VIII, §8080, Aug. 9, 2000, 114 Stat. 692.
Pub. L. 106–79, title VIII, §8085, Oct. 25, 1999, 113 Stat. 1251.
Pub. L. 105–262, title VIII, §8086, Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 2318.
Pub. L. 105–56, title VIII, §8094, Oct. 8, 1997, 111 Stat. 1242.
Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, §101(b) [title VIII, §8121], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–71, 3009–115.
Pub. L. 107–117, div. A, title VIII, §8125, Jan. 10, 2002, 115 Stat. 2275, provided that: “In addition to amounts provided elsewhere in this Act [see Tables for classification], $17,900,000 is hereby appropriated for the Secretary of Defense, to remain available until expended, to establish a Regional Defense Counter-terrorism Fellowship Program: Provided, That funding provided herein may be used by the Secretary to fund foreign military officers to attend U.S. military educational institutions and selected regional centers for non-lethal training: Provided further, That United States Regional Commanders in Chief will be the nominative authority for candidates and schools for attendance with joint staff review and approval by the Secretary of Defense: Provided further, That the Secretary of Defense shall establish rules to govern the administration of this program.”
Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title XII, §1223, Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 787, provided that:
“(a)
“(b)
Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title IX, §914, Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2829, provided that: “It is the sense of Congress that an officer serving in a position as the head of one of the senior professional military education schools of the Department of Defense (or of the separate military departments) should, while so serving, hold a grade not less than the grade (or its equivalent) held by the officer serving in that position on the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 5, 1994].”
Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, §101(b) [title VIII, §8069], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–71, 3009–102, which provided that, for resident classes entering war colleges after Sept. 30, 1997, Department of Defense was to require that not less than 20 percent of total of United States military students at each war college was to be from military departments other than hosting military department and provided that each military department was to recognize attendance at sister military department war college as equivalent of attendance at its own war college for promotion and advancement of personnel, was from the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 1997, and was not repeated in subsequent appropriations acts. Similar provisions were contained in the following prior appropriation acts:
Pub. L. 104–61, title VIII, §8084, Dec. 1, 1995, 109 Stat. 667.
Pub. L. 103–335, title VIII, §8108A, Sept. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 2646.
Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title V, §542, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2413, related to conditions for and exceptions to authority of Department of Defense school faculty and students to accept honoraria for appearance, speech, or article published in bona fide publication, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 107–314, div. A, title VI, §653(a), Dec. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 2581.
[Pub. L. 107–314, div. A, title VI, §653(b), Dec. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 2581, provided that: “The repeal made by subsection (a) [repealing section 542 of Pub. L. 102–484, formerly set out above] shall apply with respect to appearances made, speeches presented, and articles published on or after October 1, 2002.”]
(a)
(b)
(1) the Secretary of Education has recommended approval of the degree in accordance with the Federal Policy Governing Granting of Academic Degrees by Federal Agencies; and
(2) the National Defense Intelligence College is accredited by the appropriate civilian academic accrediting agency or organization to award the degree, as determined by the Secretary of Education.
(c)
(A) a copy of the self assessment questionnaire required by the Federal Policy Governing Granting of Academic Degrees by Federal Agencies, at the time the assessment is submitted to the Department of Education's National Advisory Committee on Institutional Quality and Integrity; and
(B) the subsequent recommendations and rationale of the Secretary of Education regarding the establishment of the degree granting authority.
(2) Upon any modification or redesignation of existing degree granting authority, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representatives a report containing the rationale for the proposed modification or redesignation and any subsequent recommendation of the Secretary of Education on the proposed modification or redesignation.
(3) The Secretary of Defense shall submit to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representatives a report containing an explanation of any action by the appropriate academic accrediting agency or organization not to accredit the National Defense Intelligence College to award any new or existing degree.
(Added Pub. L. 96–450, title IV, §406(a), Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1980; amended Pub. L. 105–107, title V, §501(a), Nov. 20, 1997, 111 Stat. 2261; Pub. L. 110–417, [div. A], title V, §543(a)(1), Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4456.)
2008—Pub. L. 110–417 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section related to conferral of academic degrees by the Joint Military Intelligence College.
1997—Pub. L. 105–107 substituted “Joint Military Intelligence College: academic degrees” for “Defense Intelligence School: master of science of strategic intelligence” in section catchline and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense, the Commandant of the Defense Intelligence School may, upon recommendation by the faculty of such school, confer the degree of master of science of strategic intelligence upon graduates of the school who have fulfilled the requirements for that degree.”
Pub. L. 110–417, [div. A], title V, §543(j), Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4465, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 2163, 4314, 4321, 7048, 7101, 7102, 9314, and 9317 of this title] shall apply to any degree granting authority established, modified, or redesignated on or after the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 14, 2008] for an institution of professional military education referred to in such amendments.”
(a)
(b)
(2) As executive agent for funding professional development education at the National Defense University, including the Joint Forces Staff College, the Secretary of Defense, with the advice of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, shall prepare the annual budget for professional development education operations at the National Defense University and set forth that request as a separate budget request in the materials submitted to Congress in support of the budget request for the Department of Defense. Nothing in the preceding sentence affects policies in effect on December 28, 2001, with respect to budgeting for the funding of logistical and base operations support for components of the National Defense University through the military departments.
(3) The Secretary of a military department preparing a budget request for a professional military education school shall carefully consider the views of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, particularly with respect to the amount of the request for the operation of the schools of the National Defense University and the joint professional military education curricula of the other professional military education schools.
(c)
(d)
(1) The National Defense University.
(2) The Army War College.
(3) The College of Naval Warfare.
(4) The Air War College.
(5) The United States Army Command and General Staff College.
(6) The College of Naval Command and Staff.
(7) The Air Command and Staff College.
(8) The Marine Corps University.
(Added Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title IX, §911(a), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1625; amended Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title IX, §921(b), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1862; Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title V, §527(b), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1102; Pub. L. 107–314, div. A, title X, §1062(a)(7), Dec. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 2650.)
2002—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 107–314 substituted “December 28, 2001,” for “the date of the enactment of this paragraph”.
2001—Subsec. (b)(2), (3). Pub. L. 107–107 added par. (2) and redesignated former par. (2) as (3).
1997—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 105–85 amended subsec. (d) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (d) read as follows:
“(d)
“(1) The term ‘professional military education school’ means—
“(A) the National Defense University;
“(B) the Army War College;
“(C) the College of Naval Warfare;
“(D) the Air War College;
“(E) the United States Army Command and General Staff College;
“(F) the College of Naval Command and Staff;
“(G) the Air Command and Staff College; or
“(H) the Marine Corps Command and Staff College.
“(2) The term ‘National Defense University’ means the National War College, the Armed Forces Staff College, and the Industrial College of the Armed Forces.”
Section 911(b)[(c)] of Pub. L. 101–510 provided that: “Section 2162 of title 10, United States Code, as added by subsection (a), shall apply with respect to fiscal years after fiscal year 1991.”
Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title V, §527(a), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1101, provided that:
“(1) Effective beginning with fiscal year 2003, the Secretary of Defense shall be the executive agent for funding professional development education operations of all components of the National Defense University, including the Joint Forces Staff College. The Secretary may not delegate the Secretary's functions and responsibilities under the preceding sentence to the Secretary of a military department.
“(2) Nothing in this subsection affects policies in effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 28, 2001] with respect to—
“(A) the reporting of the President of the National Defense University to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff; or
“(B) provision of logistical and base operations support for components of the National Defense University by the military departments.”
(a)
(b)
(1) the Secretary of Education has recommended approval of the degree in accordance with the Federal Policy Governing Granting of Academic Degrees by Federal Agencies; and
(2) the National Defense University is accredited by the appropriate civilian academic accrediting agency or organization to award the degree, as determined by the Secretary of Education.
(c)
(A) a copy of the self assessment questionnaire required by the Federal Policy Governing Granting of Academic Degrees by Federal Agencies, at the time the assessment is submitted to the Department of Education's National Advisory Committee on Institutional Quality and Integrity; and
(B) the subsequent recommendations and rationale of the Secretary of Education regarding the establishment of the degree granting authority.
(2) Upon any modification or redesignation of existing degree granting authority, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representatives a report containing the rationale for the proposed modification or redesignation and any subsequent recommendation of the Secretary of Education on the proposed modification or redesignation.
(3) The Secretary of Defense shall submit to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representatives a report containing an explanation of any action by the appropriate academic accrediting agency or organization not to accredit the National Defense University to award any new or existing degree.
(Added Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title IX, §922(a), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1730; amended Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title V, §521(a), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3239; Pub. L. 110–181, div. A, title V, §526(a), (b)(1), Jan. 28, 2008, 122 Stat. 104, 105; Pub. L. 110–417, [div. A], title V, §543(b)(1), Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4457.)
2008—Pub. L. 110–417 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section related to conferral of master of science and master of arts degrees by National Defense University.
Pub. L. 110–181, §526(b)(1), substituted “National Defense University: master's degree programs” for “National Defense University: master of science degrees” in section catchline.
Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–181, §526(a)(1), inserted “or master of arts” after “master of science”.
Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 110–181, §526(a)(2), added par. (4).
2006—Pub. L. 109–163 amended section catchline and text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows:
“(a)
“(b) ICAF
“(c)
Amendment by Pub. L. 110–417 applicable to any degree granting authority established, modified, or redesignated on or after Oct. 14, 2008, for an institution of professional military education referred to in such amendment, see section 543(j) of Pub. L. 110–417, set out as a note under section 2161 of this title.
Pub. L. 110–181, div. A, title V, §526(c), Jan. 28, 2008, 122 Stat. 105, provided that: “Paragraph (4) of section 2163(b) of title 10, United States Code, as added by subsection (a) of this section, applies with respect to any person who becomes a graduate of the National Defense University on or after September 6, 2006, and fulfills the requirements of the program referred to in such paragraph (4).”
Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title V, §521(c), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3240, provided that: “Paragraph (3) of section 2163(b) of title 10, United States Code, as amended by subsection (a), shall take effect for degrees awarded after May 2005.”
(a)
(2) The Secretary may, at the discretion of the Secretary, permit dependents of members of the armed forces and, to the extent provided in subsection (c), dependents of civilian employees of the Federal Government residing in a territory, commonwealth, or possession of the United States but not on a military installation, to enroll in an educational program provided by the Secretary pursuant to this subsection. If a member of the armed forces is assigned to a remote location or is assigned to an unaccompanied tour of duty, a dependent of the member who resides, on or off a military installation, in a territory, commonwealth, or possession of the United States, as authorized by the member's orders, may be enrolled in an educational program provided by the Secretary under this subsection.
(3)(A) Under the circumstances described in subparagraph (B), the Secretary may, at the discretion of the Secretary, permit a dependent of a member of the armed forces to enroll in an educational program provided by the Secretary pursuant to this subsection without regard to the requirement in paragraph (1) with respect to residence on a military installation.
(B) Subparagraph (A) applies only if—
(i) the dependents reside in temporary housing (regardless of whether the temporary housing is on Federal property)—
(I) because of the unavailability of adequate permanent living quarters on the military installation to which the member is assigned; or
(II) while the member is wounded, ill, or injured; and
(ii) the Secretary determines that the circumstances of such living arrangements justify extending the enrollment authority to include the dependents.
(b)
(A) The extent to which such dependents are eligible for free public education in the local area adjacent to the military installation.
(B) The extent to which the local educational agency is able to provide an appropriate educational program for such dependents.
(2) For purposes of paragraph (1)(B), an appropriate educational program is a program that, as determined by the Secretary, is comparable to a program of free public education provided for children by the following local educational agencies:
(A) In the case of a military installation located in a State (other than an installation referred to in subparagraph (B)), local educational agencies in the State that are similar to the local educational agency referred to in paragraph (1)(B).
(B) In the case of a military installation with boundaries contiguous to two or more States, local educational agencies in the contiguous States that are similar to the local educational agency referred to in paragraph (1)(B).
(C) In the case of a military installation located in a territory, commonwealth, or possession, the District of Columbia public schools, except that an educational program determined comparable under this subparagraph may be considered appropriate for the purposes of paragraph (1)(B) only if the program is conducted in the English language.
(c)
(B) A dependent of a United States Customs Service employee who resides in Puerto Rico, but not on a military installation, may enroll in an educational program provided by the Secretary pursuant to subsection (a) in Puerto Rico in accordance with the same rules as apply to a dependent of a Federal employee residing in permanent living quarters on a military installation.
(2)(A) Except as provided in subparagraphs (B) and (C), a dependent of a Federal employee who is enrolled in an educational program provided by the Secretary pursuant to subsection (a) and who is not residing on a military installation may be enrolled in the program for not more than five consecutive school years.
(B) At the discretion of the Secretary, a dependent referred to in subparagraph (A) may be enrolled in the program for more than five consecutive school years if the dependent is otherwise qualified for enrollment, space is available in the program, and the Secretary will be reimbursed for the educational services provided. Any such extension shall cover only one school year at a time.
(C) Subparagraph (A) shall not apply to an individual who is a dependent of a Federal employee in the excepted service (as defined in section 2103 of title 5) and who is enrolled in an educational program provided by the Secretary pursuant to subsection (a) in Puerto Rico, Wake Island, Guam, American Samoa, the Northern Mariana Islands, or the Virgin Islands.
(D) Subparagraph (A) shall not apply to a dependent covered by paragraph (1)(B). No requirement under this paragraph for reimbursement for educational services provided for the dependent shall apply with respect to the dependent, except that the Secretary may require the United States Customs Service to reimburse the Secretary for the cost of the educational services provided for the dependent.
(d)
(2) The school board shall be composed of the number of members, not fewer than three, prescribed by the Secretary.
(3) The parents of the students attending the school shall elect the school board in accordance with procedures which the Secretary shall prescribe.
(4)(A) A school board elected for a school under this subsection may participate in the development and oversight of fiscal, personnel, and educational policies, procedures, and programs for the school, except that the Secretary may issue any directive that the Secretary considers necessary for the effective operation of the school or the entire school system.
(B) A directive referred to in subparagraph (A) shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be issued only after the Secretary consults with the appropriate school boards elected under this subsection. The Secretary shall establish a process by which a school board or school administrative officials may formally appeal the directive to the Secretary of Defense.
(5) Meetings conducted by the school board shall be open to the public, except as provided in paragraph (6).
(6) A school board need not comply with the provisions of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.), but may close meetings in accordance with such Act.
(7) The Secretary may provide for reimbursement of a school board member for expenses incurred by the member for travel, transportation, lodging, meals, program fees, activity fees, and other appropriate expenses that the Secretary determines are reasonable and necessary for the performance of school board duties by the member.
(e)
(2) The Secretary may, without regard to the provisions of any other law relating to the number, classification, or compensation of employees—
(A) establish positions for civilian employees in schools established under this section;
(B) appoint individuals to such positions; and
(C) fix the compensation of such individuals for service in such positions.
(3)(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), in fixing the compensation of employees appointed for a school pursuant to paragraph (2), the Secretary shall consider—
(i) the compensation of comparable employees of the local educational agency in the capital of the State where the military installation is located;
(ii) the compensation of comparable employees in the local educational agency that provides public education to students who reside adjacent to the military installation; and
(iii) the average compensation for similar positions in not more than three other local educational agencies in the State in which the military installation is located.
(B) In fixing the compensation of employees in schools established in the territories, commonwealths, and possessions pursuant to the authority of this section, the Secretary shall determine the level of compensation required to attract qualified employees. For employees in such schools, the Secretary, without regard to the provisions of title 5, may provide for the tenure, leave, hours of work, and other incidents of employment to be similar to that provided for comparable positions in the public schools of the District of Columbia. For purposes of the first sentence, a school established before the effective date of this section pursuant to authority similar to the authority in this section shall be considered to have been established pursuant to the authority of this section.
(4)(A) The Secretary may, without regard to the provisions of any law relating to the number, classification, or compensation of employees—
(i) transfer employees from schools established under this section to schools in the defense dependents’ education system in order to provide the services referred to in subparagraph (B) to such system; and
(ii) transfer employees from such system to schools established under this section in order to provide such services to those schools.
(B) The services referred to in subparagraph (A) are the following:
(i) Administrative services.
(ii) Logistical services.
(iii) Personnel services.
(iv) Such other services as the Secretary considers appropriate.
(C) Transfers under this paragraph shall extend for such periods as the Secretary considers appropriate. The Secretary shall provide appropriate compensation for employees so transferred.
(D) The Secretary may provide that the transfer of an employee under this paragraph occur without reimbursement of the school or system concerned.
(E) In this paragraph, the term “defense dependents’ education system” means the program established and operated under section 1402(a) of the Defense Dependents’ Education Act of 1978 (20 U.S.C. 921(a)).
(f)
(A) In the case of children with disabilities aged 3 to 5, inclusive, all substantive rights, protections, and procedural safeguards (including due process procedures) available to children with disabilities aged 3 to 5, inclusive, under part B of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1411 et seq.).
(B) In the case of infants or toddlers with disabilities, all substantive rights, protections, and procedural safeguards (including due process procedures) available to infants or toddlers with disabilities under part C of such Act (20 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.).
(C) In the case of all other children with disabilities, all substantive rights, protections, and procedural safeguards (including due process procedures) available to children with disabilities who are 3 to 5 years old under part B of such Act.
(2) Paragraph (1) may not be construed as diminishing for children with disabilities enrolled in day educational programs provided for under this section the extent of substantive rights, protections, and procedural safeguards that were available under section 6(a) of Public Law 81–874 (20 U.S.C. 241(a)) to children with disabilities as of October 7, 1991.
(3) In this subsection:
(A) The term “children with disabilities” has the meaning given the term in section 602 of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1401).
(B) The term “infants or toddlers with disabilities” has the meaning given the term in section 632 of such Act (20 U.S.C. 1432).
(g)
(h)
(2) The Secretary may, for good cause, authorize a dependent of a member of the armed forces or a dependent of a Federal employee to continue enrollment in an educational program provided by the Secretary pursuant to subsection (a) notwithstanding a change in the status of the member or employee that, except for this paragraph, would otherwise terminate the eligibility of the dependent to be enrolled in the program. The enrollment may continue for as long as the Secretary considers appropriate.
(3) Paragraphs (1) and (2) do not limit the authority of the Secretary to remove a dependent from enrollment in an educational program provided by the Secretary pursuant to subsection (a) at any time for good cause determined by the Secretary.
(i)
(2) An employee referred to in paragraph (1) is an American Red Cross employee who—
(A) resides in Puerto Rico; and
(B) performs, on a full-time basis, emergency services on behalf of members of the armed forces.
(3) In determining the dependency status of any person for the purposes of paragraph (1), the Secretary shall apply the same definitions as apply to the determination of such status with respect to Federal employees in the administration of this section.
(4) Subsection (g) shall apply with respect to determining the reimbursement rates for educational services provided pursuant to this subsection. Amounts received as reimbursement for such educational services shall be treated in the same manner as amounts received under subsection (g).
(j)
(2) An individual referred to in paragraph (1) is any of the following:
(A) A member of a foreign armed force residing on a military installation in the United States (including territories, commonwealths, and possessions of the United States).
(B) A deceased member of the armed forces who died in the line of duty in a combat-related operation, as designated by the Secretary.
(Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title III, §351(a), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2727; amended Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title X, §1075, Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 450; Pub. L. 104–201, div. A, title XVI, §1608, Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2737; Pub. L. 105–261, div. A, title III, §371(a)–(c)(2), Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 1988, 1989; Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title III, §§352, 353, Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 572; Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [[div. A], title III, §361], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A–76; Pub. L. 108–446, title III, §305(a), Dec. 3, 2004, 118 Stat. 2804; Pub. L. 111–84, div. A, title V, §534, Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2292; Pub. L. 111–383, div. A, title V, §561, Jan. 7, 2011, 124 Stat. 4221.)
The Federal Advisory Committee Act, referred to in subsec. (d)(6), is Pub. L. 92–463, Oct. 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 770, as amended, which is set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
The effective date of this section, referred to in subsec. (e)(3)(B), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 103–337 which was approved Oct. 5, 1994.
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, referred to in subsec. (f)(1), is title VI of Pub. L. 91–230, Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 175, as amended. Parts B and C of the Act are classified generally to subchapters II (§1411 et seq.) and III (§1431 et seq.), respectively, of chapter 33 of Title 20, Education. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1400 of Title 20 and Tables.
Section 6(a) of Public Law 81–874 (20 U.S.C. 241(a)), referred to in subsec. (f)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–382, title III, §331(b), Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3965.
2011—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 111–383 added par. (3).
2009—Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 111–84 added subsec. (j).
2004—Subsec. (f)(1)(B). Pub. L. 108–446, §305(a)(1), substituted “infants or toddlers” for “infants and toddlers” in two places, “part C” for “part H”, and “1431 et seq.” for “1471 et seq.”.
Subsec. (f)(3)(A). Pub. L. 108–446, §305(a)(2)(A), substituted “section 602” for “section 602(a)(1)” and “1401” for “1401(a)(1)”.
Subsec. (f)(3)(B). Pub. L. 108–446, §305(a)(2)(D), substituted “or toddlers” for “and toddlers”, “632” for “672(1)”, and “1432” for “1472(1)”.
Pub. L. 108–446, §305(a)(2)(B), (C), redesignated subpar. (C) as (B) and struck out former subpar. (B) which defined the term “children with disabilities aged 3 to 5, inclusive”.
Subsec. (f)(3)(C). Pub. L. 108–446, §305(a)(2)(C), redesignated subpar. (C) as (B).
2000—Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 106–398 added subsec. (i).
1999—Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 106–65, §353(1), struck out par. (3) which read as follows: “A dependent of a Federal employee may continue enrollment in a program under this subsection for the remainder of a school year notwithstanding a change during such school year in the status of the Federal employee that, except for this paragraph, would otherwise terminate the eligibility of the dependent to be enrolled in the program. The preceding sentence does not limit the authority of the Secretary to remove the dependent from enrollment in the program at any time for good cause determined by the Secretary.”
Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 106–65, §352, inserted at end “The Secretary may provide for the establishment of one school board for all such schools in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and one school board for all such schools in Guam instead of one school board for each military installation in those locations.”
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 106–65, §353(2), added subsec. (h).
1998—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–261, §371(a)(1), (2), designated first sentence as par. (1) and second sentence as par. (2).
Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 105–261, §371(a)(3), inserted at end “If a member of the armed forces is assigned to a remote location or is assigned to an unaccompanied tour of duty, a dependent of the member who resides, on or off a military installation, in a territory, commonwealth, or possession of the United States, as authorized by the member's orders, may be enrolled in an educational program provided by the Secretary under this subsection.”
Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 105–261, §371(c)(1), designated existing provisions as subpar. (A) and added subpar. (B).
Subsec. (c)(2)(B). Pub. L. 105–261, §371(b), added subpar. (B) and struck out former subpar. (B) which read as follows: “A dependent referred to in subparagraph (A) may be enrolled in the program for more than five consecutive school years if the Secretary determines that, in the interest of the dependent's educational well-being, there is good cause to extend the enrollment for more than the five-year period described in such subparagraph. Any such extension may be made for only one school year at a time.”
Subsec. (c)(2)(D). Pub. L. 105–261, §371(c)(2), added subpar. (D).
1996—Subsec. (d)(7). Pub. L. 104–201 added par. (7).
Subsec. (e)(4). Pub. L. 104–106 added par. (4).
Pub. L. 105–261, div. A, title III, §371(c)(3), Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 1989, provided that: “The amendments made by this subsection [amending this section] shall apply with respect to academic years beginning on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 17, 1998].”
Section 351(c) of Pub. L. 103–337 provided that: “Nothing in section 2164 of title 10, United States Code, as added by subsection (a), shall be construed as affecting the rights in existence on the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 5, 1994] of an employee of any school established under such section (or any other provision of law enacted before the date of the enactment of this Act that established a similar school) to negotiate or bargain collectively with the Secretary with respect to wages, hours, and other terms and conditions of employment.”
For transfer of functions, personnel, assets, and liabilities of the United States Customs Service of the Department of the Treasury, including functions of the Secretary of the Treasury relating thereto, to the Secretary of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 203(1), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.
(a)
(b)
(1) The National War College.
(2) The Industrial College of the Armed Forces.
(3) The Joint Forces Staff College.
(4) The Institute for National Strategic Studies.
(5) The Information Resources Management College.
(6) Any other educational institution of the Department of Defense that the Secretary considers appropriate and designates as an institution of the university.
[(c) Repealed. Pub. L. 109–364, div. A, title IX, §904(b)(2)(B), Oct. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 2353.]
(d)
(e)
(2) A qualifying research grant under this subsection is a grant that is awarded on a competitive basis by an entity referred to in paragraph (3) for a research project with a scientific, literary, or educational purpose.
(3) A grant may be accepted under this subsection only from a corporation, fund, foundation, educational institution, or similar entity that is organized and operated primarily for scientific, literary, or educational purposes.
(4) The Secretary shall establish an account for administering funds received as research grants under this subsection. The President of the University shall use the funds in the account in accordance with applicable provisions of the regulations and the terms and condition of the grants received.
(5) Subject to such limitations as may be provided in appropriations Acts, appropriations available for the National Defense University may be used to pay expenses incurred by the University in applying for, and otherwise pursuing, the award of qualifying research grants.
(6) The Secretary shall prescribe regulations for the administration of this subsection.
(Added and amended Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title IX, §§921(a)(1), 922(a), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1862, 1863; Pub. L. 105–261, div. A, title IX, §§904, 905(a), Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 2093; Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [[div. A], title IX, §913(b)], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A–230; Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title V, §527(c)(1), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1102; Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title V, §522(a), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3240; Pub. L. 109–364, div. A, title IX, §904(b)(2), Oct. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 2353.)
2006—Subsec. (b)(6), (7). Pub. L. 109–364, §904(b)(2)(A), redesignated par. (7) as (6) and struck out former par. (6) which read as follows: “The Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies.”
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 109–364, §904(b)(2)(B), struck out heading and text of subsec. (c). Text read as follows: “Funds available for the payment of personnel expenses under the Latin American cooperation authority set forth in section 1050 of this title are also available for the costs of the operation of the Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies.”
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 109–163 added subsec. (e).
2001—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 107–107 added subsec. (d).
2000—Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 106–398 substituted “Joint Forces Staff College” for “Armed Forces Staff College”.
1998—Subsec. (b)(7). Pub. L. 105–261, §904, added par. (7).
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 105–261, §905(a), added subsec. (c).
1997—Subsec. (b)(6). Pub. L. 105–85, §922(a), added par. (6).
Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [[div. A], title IX, §913(a), (c)], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A–230, provided that:
“(a)
“(c)
Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title V, §527(c)(2), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1102, provided that: “Subsection (d) of section 2165 of title 10, United States Code, as added by paragraph (1), shall become effective beginning with fiscal year 2003.”
Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title IX, §914, Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 721, provided that:
“(a)
“(b)
“(c)
“(d)
“(e)
“(2) The Secretary of Defense shall transmit the report under paragraph (1), together with whatever comments the Secretary considers appropriate, to the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate and the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives not later than February 1, 2001.”
(a)
(2) The Secretary may designate the Secretary of a military department as the Department of Defense executive agent for carrying out the responsibilities of the Secretary of Defense under this section.
(b)
(c)
(A) Military personnel.
(B) Law enforcement personnel.
(C) Civilian personnel.
(2) The Secretary of State shall be consulted in the selection of foreign personnel for education or training at the Institute.
(d)
(2) The curriculum may include instruction and other educational and training activities on the following:
(A) Leadership development.
(B) Counterdrug operations.
(C) Peace support operations.
(D) Disaster relief.
(E) Any other matter that the Secretary determines appropriate.
(e)
(A) The chairman and ranking minority member of the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate, or a designee of either of them.
(B) The chairman and ranking minority member of the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives, or a designee of either of them.
(C) Six persons designated by the Secretary of Defense including, to the extent practicable, persons from academia and the religious and human rights communities.
(D) One person designated by the Secretary of State.
(E) The senior military officer responsible for training and doctrine for the Army or, if the Secretary of the Navy or the Secretary of the Air Force is designated as the executive agent of the Secretary of Defense under subsection (a)(2), the senior military officer responsible for training and doctrine for the Navy or Marine Corps or for the Air Force, respectively, or a designee of the senior military officer concerned.
(F) The commanders of the combatant commands having geographic responsibility for the Western Hemisphere, or the designees of those officers.
(2) A vacancy in a position on the Board shall be filled in the same manner as the position was originally filled.
(3) The Board shall meet at least once each year.
(4)(A) The Board shall inquire into the curriculum, instruction, physical equipment, fiscal affairs, and academic methods of the Institute, other matters relating to the Institute that the Board decides to consider, and any other matter that the Secretary of Defense determines appropriate.
(B) The Board shall review the curriculum of the Institute to determine whether—
(i) the curriculum complies with applicable United States laws and regulations;
(ii) the curriculum is consistent with United States policy goals toward Latin America and the Caribbean;
(iii) the curriculum adheres to current United States doctrine; and
(iv) the instruction under the curriculum appropriately emphasizes the matters specified in subsection (d)(1).
(5) Not later than 60 days after its annual meeting, the Board shall submit to the Secretary of Defense a written report of its activities and of its views and recommendations pertaining to the Institute.
(6) Members of the Board shall not be compensated by reason of service on the Board.
(7) With the approval of the Secretary of Defense, the Board may accept and use the services of voluntary and uncompensated advisers appropriate to the duties of the Board without regard to section 1342 of title 31.
(8) Members of the Board and advisers whose services are accepted under paragraph (7) shall be allowed travel and transportation expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, while away from their homes or regular places of business in the performance of services for the Board. Allowances under this paragraph shall be computed—
(A) in the case of members of the Board who are officers or employees of the United States, at rates authorized for employees of agencies under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5; and
(B) in the case of other members of the Board and advisers, as authorized under section 5703 of title 5 for employees serving without pay.
(9) The Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.), other than section 14 (relating to termination after two years), shall apply to the Board.
(f)
(2) Funds received by the Secretary under paragraph (1) shall be credited to appropriations available for the Department of Defense for the Institute. Funds so credited shall be merged with the appropriations to which credited and shall be available for the Institute for the same purposes and same period as the appropriations with which merged.
(3) The Secretary of Defense shall notify Congress if the total amount of money accepted under paragraph (1) exceeds $1,000,000 in any fiscal year. Any such notice shall list each of the contributors of such money and the amount of each contribution in such fiscal year.
(4) For the purposes of this subsection, a foreign gift or donation is a gift or donation of funds, materials (including research materials), property, or services (including lecture services and faculty services) from a foreign government, a foundation or other charitable organization in a foreign country, or an individual in a foreign country.
(g)
(1) any funds available for that fiscal year for operation and maintenance for the executive agent designated under subsection (a)(2); or
(2) if no executive agent is designated under subsection (a)(2), any funds available for that fiscal year for the Department of Defense for operation and maintenance for Defense-wide activities.
(h)
(i)
(Added Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [[div. A], title IX, §911(a)], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A–226; amended Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title X, §1048(a)(16), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1223; Pub. L. 107–314, div. A, title IX, §932, Dec. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 2625; Pub. L. 110–181, div. A, title IX, §956, Jan. 28, 2008, 122 Stat. 296.)
The Federal Advisory Committee Act, referred to in subsec. (e)(9), is Pub. L. 92–463, Oct. 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 770, as amended, which is set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
2008—Subsec. (e)(1)(F). Pub. L. 110–181 amended subpar. (F) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (F) read as follows: “The commander of the unified combatant command having geographic responsibility for Latin America, or a designee of that officer.”
2002—Subsecs. (f) to (h). Pub. L. 107–314, §932(a), added subsec. (f) and redesignated former subsecs. (f) and (g) as (g) and (h), respectively.
Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 107–314, §932(a)(1), (b), redesignated subsec. (h) as (i) and inserted after first sentence “The report shall include a copy of the latest report of the Board of Visitors received by the Secretary under subsection (e)(5), together with any comments of the Secretary on the Board's report.”
2001—Subsec. (e)(9). Pub. L. 107–107 substituted “(5 U.S.C. App.)” for “(5 U.S.C. App. 2)”.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(1) the curriculum for the professional military education program in which private sector employees may be enrolled under this section is not readily available through other schools and concentrates on national security relevant issues; and
(2) the course offerings at the National Defense University continue to be determined solely by the needs of the Department of Defense.
(e)
(1) that is at least the rate charged for employees of the United States outside the Department of Defense, less infrastructure costs, and
(2) that considers the value to the school and course of the private sector student.
(f)
(g)
(Added Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title V, §528(a)(1), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1102; amended Pub. L. 111–84, div. A, title V, §526, Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2288; Pub. L. 111–383, div. A, title V, §592, Jan. 7, 2011, 124 Stat. 4232.)
2011—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 111–383 substituted “35 full-time student positions” for “20 full-time student positions”.
2009—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 111–84 substituted “20” for “10”.
Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title V, §528(b), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1103, provided that: “Section 2167 of title 10, United States Code, as added by subsection (a), shall take effect on January 1, 2002.”
(a)
(b)
(c)
(1) the curriculum in which private sector employees may be enrolled under this section is not readily available through other schools; and
(2) the course offerings at the Defense Cyber Investigations Training Academy continue to be determined solely by the needs of the Department of Defense.
(d)
(e)
(f)
(Added Pub. L. 111–84, div. A, title IX, §901(a), Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2422.)
(a) Subject to subsection (b), the Commandant of the Defense Language Institute may confer an Associate of Arts degree in a foreign language upon any graduate of the Foreign Language Center of the Institute who fulfills the requirements for that degree.
(b) A degree may be conferred upon a student under this section only if the Provost of the Center certifies to the Commandant that the student has satisfied all the requirements prescribed for the degree.
(c) The authority provided by subsection (a) shall be exercised under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense.
(Added Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title V, §531(a), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1104.)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(Added Pub. L. 111–84, div. A, title V, §525(a)(2), Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2286.)