42 U.S.C.
United States Code, 2010 Edition
Title 42 - THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE
CHAPTER 7 - SOCIAL SECURITY
SUBCHAPTER IX - EMPLOYMENT SECURITY ADMINISTRATIVE FINANCING
From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov

SUBCHAPTER IX—EMPLOYMENT SECURITY ADMINISTRATIVE FINANCING

Amendments

1954—Act Aug. 5, 1954, ch. 657, §2, 68 Stat. 668, in amending subchapter generally substituted subchapter heading “EMPLOYMENT SECURITY ADMINISTRATIVE FINANCING” for “TAX ON EMPLOYMENT OF EIGHT OR MORE”.

Prior Law; Tax on Employers of Eight or More

Former subchapter IX, sections 1101–1103, 1105–1110, act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §§901–903, 905–910, 49 Stat. 639–644, related to taxes on employers of eight or more. Section 4 of act Feb. 10, 1939, ch. 2, 53 Stat. 1, which act enacted Title 26, Internal Revenue Code of 1939, provided that all laws and parts of laws codified into the I.R.C. 1939, to the extent that they related exclusively to internal revenue laws, were repealed. Provisions of I.R.C. 1939 were generally repealed by section 7851 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code of 1954 (act Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 3). See, also, section 7807 of said Title 26, I.R.C. 1954, respecting rules in effect upon enactment of I.R.C. 1954. The I.R.C. 1954 was redesignated I.R.C. 1986 by Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095. Said prior law sections were formerly and are now covered by certain sections in Title 26, I.R.C. 1939 and I.R.C. 1986, respectively, as follows:

 
Former

sections

I.R.C. 1939I.R.C. 1986
1101 1600 3301.
1102 1601(a) 3302.
1103 1603 3304.
1105 1604, 1605, 1610 3501, 6011(a), 6065, 6071, 6081(a), 6091(b)(1), (2), 6106, 6152(a)(3), (b), 6161(a)(1), 6313, 6601(a), (f)(1).
1106 1606 3305.
1107 (as amended act June 25, 1938, ch. 680, §13(a), 52 Stat. 1110) 1607 3306, 7701(a)(1).
1108 1609 7805(a), (c).
1109 1601(b), (c) 3302.
1110 1602 3303.

Repair of 1938 Hurricane Damage

Act Aug. 11, 1939, ch. 719, §1, 53 Stat. 1420, provided that no special security taxes should be collected for work done prior to Jan. 1, 1940, in cleaning up debris and damage caused by the 1938 hurricane.

Credits Against Social Security Tax

Act Aug. 10, 1939, ch. 666, title IX, §902(a)–(d), (h), 53 Stat. 1399, provided for a credit against the social security tax of certain contributions made with respect to employment during calendar years 1936, 1937, or 1938. Said act Aug. 10, 1939, was affected by act Sept. 20, 1941, ch. 412, title VII, §701(c), 55 Stat. 728.

Act May 28, 1938, ch. 289, §810, 52 Stat. 576, related to credits against Social Security Tax for 1936. It was affected by act Sept. 20, 1941, ch. 412, title VII, §701(c), 55 Stat. 728, relating to credit against Federal unemployment taxes.

§1101. Employment security administration account

(a) Establishment

There is hereby established in the Unemployment Trust Fund an employment security administration account.

(b) Amount credited to Account; transfer of funds; adjustments; repayment of internal revenue refunds

(1) There is hereby appropriated to the Unemployment Trust Fund for credit to the employment security administration account, out of any moneys in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1961, and for each fiscal year thereafter, an amount equal to 100 per centum of the tax (including interest, penalties, and additions to the tax) received during the fiscal year under the Federal Unemployment Tax Act [26 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.] and covered into the Treasury.

(2) The amount appropriated by paragraph (1) shall be transferred at least monthly from the general fund of the Treasury to the Unemployment Trust Fund and credited to the employment security administration account. Each such transfer shall be based on estimates made by the Secretary of the Treasury of the amounts received in the Treasury. Proper adjustments shall be made in the amounts subsequently transferred, to the extent prior estimates (including estimates for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1960) were in excess of or were less than the amounts required to be transferred.

(3) The Secretary of the Treasury is directed to pay from time to time from the employment security administration account into the Treasury, as repayments to the account for refunding internal revenue collections, amounts equal to all refunds made after June 30, 1960, of amounts received as tax under the Federal Unemployment Tax Act [26 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.] (including interest on such refunds).

(c) Administrative expenditures; necessary expenses; quarterly transfer of funds; adjustments; limitation; estimate of net receipts

(1) There are hereby authorized to be made available for expenditure out of the employment security administration account for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1971, and for each fiscal year thereafter—

(A) such amounts (not in excess of the applicable limit provided by paragraph (3) and, with respect to clause (ii), not in excess of the limit provided by paragraph (4)) as the Congress may deem appropriate for the purpose of—

(i) assisting the States in the administration of their unemployment compensation laws as provided in subchapter III of this chapter (including administration pursuant to agreements under any Federal unemployment compensation law),

(ii) the establishment and maintenance of systems of public employment offices in accordance with the Act of June 6, 1933, as amended (29 U.S.C., secs. 49–49n), and

(iii) carrying into effect section 4103 of title 38;


(B) such amounts (not in excess of the limit provided by paragraph (4) with respect to clause (iii)) as the Congress may deem appropriate for the necessary expenses of the Department of Labor for the performance of its functions under—

(i) this subchapter and subchapters III and XII of this chapter,

(ii) the Federal Unemployment Tax Act [26 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.],

(iii) the provisions of the Act of June 6, 1933, as amended [29 U.S.C. 49 et seq.],

(iv) chapter 41 (except section 4103) of title 38, and

(v) any Federal unemployment compensation law.


The term “necessary expenses” as used in this subparagraph (B) shall include the expense of reimbursing a State for salaries and other expenses of employees of such State temporarily assigned or detailed to duty with the Department of Labor and of paying such employees for travel expenses, transportation of household goods, and per diem in lieu of subsistence while away from their regular duty stations in the State, at rates authorized by law for civilian employees of the Federal Government.

(2) The Secretary of the Treasury is directed to pay from the employment security administration account into the Treasury as miscellaneous receipts the amount estimated by him which will be expended during a three-month period by the Treasury Department for the performance of its functions under—

(A) this subchapter and subchapters III and XII of this chapter, including the expenses of banks for servicing unemployment benefit payment and clearing accounts which are offset by the maintenance of balances of Treasury funds with such banks,

(B) the Federal Unemployment Tax Act [26 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.], and

(C) any Federal unemployment compensation law with respect to which responsibility for administration is vested in the Secretary of Labor.


If it subsequently appears that the estimates under this paragraph in any particular period were too high or too low, appropriate adjustments shall be made by the Secretary of the Treasury in future payments.

(3)(A) For purposes of paragraph (1)(A), the limitation on the amount authorized to be made available for any fiscal year after June 30, 1970, is, except as provided in subparagraph (B) and in the second sentence of subsection (f)(3)(A) of this section, an amount equal to 95 percent of the amount estimated and set forth in the budget of the United States Government for such fiscal year as the amount by which the net receipts during such year under the Federal Unemployment Tax Act [26 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.] will exceed the amount transferred under section 1105(b) of this title during such year to the extended unemployment compensation account.

(B) The limitation established by subparagraph (A) is increased by any unexpended amount retained in the employment security administration account in accordance with subsection (f)(2)(B) of this section.

(C) Each estimate of net receipts under this paragraph shall be based upon a tax rate of 0.6 percent.

(4) For purposes of paragraphs (1)(A)(ii) and (1)(B)(iii) the amount authorized to be made available out of the employment security administration account for any fiscal year after June 30, 1972, shall reflect the proportion of the total cost of administering the system of public employment offices in accordance with the Act of June 6, 1933, as amended [29 U.S.C. 49 et seq.], and of the necessary expenses of the Department of Labor for the performance of its functions under the provisions of such Act, as the President determines is an appropriate charge to the employment security administration account, and reflects in his annual budget for such year. The President's determination, after consultation with the Secretary, shall take into account such factors as the relationship between employment subject to State laws and the total labor force in the United States, the number of claimants and the number of job applicants, and such other factors as he finds relevant.

(5)(A) There are authorized to be appropriated out of the employment security administration account to carry out program integrity activities, in addition to any amounts available under paragraph (1)(A)(i)—

(i) $89,000,000 for fiscal year 1998;

(ii) $91,000,000 for fiscal year 1999;

(iii) $93,000,000 1 fiscal year 2000;

(iv) $96,000,000 for fiscal year 2001; and

(v) $98,000,000 for fiscal year 2002.


(B) In any fiscal year in which a State receives funds appropriated pursuant to this paragraph, the State shall expend a proportion of the funds appropriated pursuant to paragraph (1)(A)(i) to carry out program integrity activities that is not less than the proportion of the funds appropriated under such paragraph that was expended by the State to carry out program integrity activities in fiscal year 1997.

(C) For purposes of this paragraph, the term “program integrity activities” means initial claims review activities, eligibility review activities, benefit payments control activities, and employer liability auditing activities.

(d) Additional tax attributable to reduced credits; transfer of funds

(1) The Secretary of the Treasury is directed to transfer from the employment security administration account—

(A) To the Federal unemployment account, an amount equal to the amount by which—

(i) 100 per centum of the additional tax received under the Federal Unemployment Tax Act [26 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.] with respect to any State by reason of the reduced credits provisions of section 3302(c)(3) of such Act [26 U.S.C. 3302(c)(3)] and covered into the Treasury for the repayment of advances made to the State under section 1321 of this title, exceeds

(ii) the amount transferred to the account of such State pursuant to subparagraph (B) of this paragraph.


Any amount transferred pursuant to this subparagraph shall be credited against, and shall operate to reduce, that balance of advances, made under section 1321 of this title to the State, with respect to which employers paid such additional tax.

(B) To the account (in the Unemployment Trust Fund) of the State with respect to which employers paid such additional tax, an amount equal to the amount by which such additional tax received and covered into the Treasury exceeds that balance of advances, made under section 1321 of this title to the State, with respect to which employers paid such additional tax.


(2) Transfers under this subsection shall be as of the beginning of the month succeeding the month in which the moneys were credited to the employment security administration account pursuant to subsection (b)(2) of this section.

(e) Revolving fund; appropriations; advances to Account; repayment; interest

(1) There is hereby established in the Treasury a revolving fund which shall be available to make the advances authorized by this subsection. There are hereby authorized to be appropriated, without fiscal year limitation, to such revolving fund such amounts as may be necessary for the purposes of this section.

(2) The Secretary of the Treasury is directed to advance from time to time from the revolving fund to the employment security administration account such amounts as may be necessary for the purposes of this section. If the net balance in the employment security administration account as of the beginning of any fiscal year equals 40 percent of the amount of the total appropriation by the Congress out of the employment security administration account for the preceding fiscal year, no advance may be made under this subsection during such fiscal year.

(3) Advances to the employment security administration account made under this subsection shall bear interest until repaid at a rate equal to the average rate of interest (computed as of the end of the calendar month next preceding the date of such advance) borne by all interest-bearing obligations of the United States then forming a part of the public debt; except that where such average rate is not a multiple of one-eighth of 1 per centum, the rate of interest shall be the multiple of one-eighth of 1 per centum next lower than such average rate.

(4) Advances to the employment security administration account made under this subsection, plus interest accrued thereon, shall be repaid by the transfer from time to time, from the employment security administration account to the revolving fund, of such amounts as the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of Labor, determines to be available in the employment security administration account for such repayment. Any amount transferred as a repayment under this paragraph shall be credited against, and shall operate to reduce, any balance of advances (plus accrued interest) repayable under this subsection.

(f) Determination of excess in Account; limitation on amount to be retained; use of balance in Account during certain fiscal years; net balance

(1) The Secretary of the Treasury shall determine as of the close of each fiscal year (beginning with the fiscal year ending June 30, 1961) the excess in the employment security administration account.

(2) The excess in the employment security administration account as of the close of any fiscal year is the amount by which the net balance in such account as of such time (after the application of section 1102(b) of this title and paragraph (3)(C) of this subsection) exceeds the net balance in the employment security administration account as of the beginning of that fiscal year (including the fiscal year for which the excess is being computed) for which the net balance was higher than as of the beginning of any other such fiscal year.

(3)(A) The excess determined as provided in paragraph (2) as of the close of any fiscal year after June 30, 1972, shall be retained (as of the beginning of the succeeding fiscal year) in the employment security administration account until the amount in such account is equal to 40 percent of the amount of the total appropriation by the Congress out of the employment security administration account for the fiscal year for which the excess is determined. Three-eighths of the amount in the employment security administration account as of the beginning of any fiscal year after June 30, 1972, or $150 million, whichever is the lesser, is authorized to be made available for such fiscal year pursuant to subsection (c)(1) of this section for additional costs of administration due to an increase in the rate of insured unemployment for a calendar quarter of at least 15 percent over the rate of insured unemployment for the corresponding calendar quarter in the immediately preceding year.

(B) If the entire amount of the excess determined as provided in paragraph (2) as of the close of any fiscal year after June 30, 1972, is not retained in the employment security administration account, there shall be transferred (as of the beginning of the succeeding fiscal year) to the extended unemployment compensation account the balance of such excess or so much thereof as is required to increase the amount in the extended unemployment compensation account to the limit provided in section 1105(b)(2) of this title.

(C) If as of the close of any fiscal year after June 30, 1972, the amount in the extended unemployment compensation account exceeds the limit provided in section 1105(b)(2) of this title, such excess shall be transferred to the employment security administration account as of the close of such fiscal year.

(4) For the purposes of this section, the net balance in the employment security administration account as of any time is the amount in such account as of such time reduced by the sum of—

(A) the amounts then subject to transfer pursuant to subsection (d) of this section, and

(B) the balance of advances (plus interest accrued thereon) then repayable to the revolving fund established by subsection (e) of this section.


The net balance in the employment security administration account as of the beginning of any fiscal year shall be determined after the disposition of the excess in such account as of the close of the preceding fiscal year.

(Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §901, as added Aug. 5, 1954, ch. 657, §2, 68 Stat. 668; amended Pub. L. 86–778, title V, §521, Sept. 13, 1960, 74 Stat. 970; Pub. L. 87–31, §7, May 8, 1961, 75 Stat. 78; Pub. L. 88–31, §1, May 29, 1963, 77 Stat. 51; Pub. L. 91–53, §3, Aug. 7, 1969, 83 Stat. 93; Pub. L. 91–373, title III, §303, Aug. 10, 1970, 84 Stat. 713; Pub. L. 94–273, §39, Apr. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 381; Pub. L. 94–566, title II, §211(e)(1) [(c)(1)], Oct. 20, 1976, 90 Stat. 2676; Pub. L. 97–248, title II, §271(b)(2)(A), (c)(3)(D), Sept. 3, 1982, 96 Stat. 554, 555; Pub. L. 98–369, div. B, title VI, §2663(d)(1), (2), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 1167; Pub. L. 100–203, title IX, §9154(a), (c)(2), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330–326; Pub. L. 102–83, §5(c)(2), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 406; Pub. L. 102–318, title V, §531(d)(1), (2), July 3, 1992, 106 Stat. 316, 317; Pub. L. 105–33, title V, §5408, Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 605.)

References in Text

The Federal Unemployment Tax Act, referred to in subsecs. (b)(1), (3), (c)(1)(B)(ii), (2)(B), (3)(A), and (d)(1)(A)(i), is act Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, §§3301 to 3311, 68A Stat. 439, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 23 (§3301 et seq.) of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 3311 of Title 26 and Tables.

Act of June 6, 1933, as amended (29 U.S.C. 49–49n), referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(A)(ii), (B)(iii), and (4), probably means act June 6, 1933, ch. 49, 48 Stat. 113, as amended, known as the Wagner-Peyser Act, which is classified generally to chapter 4B (§49 et seq.) of Title 29, Labor. Sections 49m and 49n were not part of act June 6, 1933. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 49 of Title 29 and Tables.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1101, act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §901, 49 Stat. 639, related to imposition of tax. For further details, see Prior Law note set out preceding this section.

Amendments

1997—Subsec. (c)(5). Pub. L. 105–33 added par. (5).

1992—Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 102–318, §531(d)(1), struck out designation for subpar. (A), substituted “The” for “Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the”, and struck out subpar. (B) which read as follows: “With respect to the fiscal years ending June 30, 1970, June 30, 1971, and June 30, 1972, the balance in the employment security administration account at the close of each such fiscal year shall not be considered excess but shall be retained in the account for use as provided in paragraph (1) of subsection (c) of this section.”

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 102–318, §531(d)(2), struck out subsec. (g) which read as follows:

“(1) With respect to calendar years 1988, 1989, and 1990, the Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer from the employment security administration account—

“(A) to the Federal unemployment account an amount equal to 50 percent of the amount of tax received under section 3301(1) of the Federal Unemployment Tax Act which is attributable to the difference in the tax rates between paragraphs (1) and (2) of such section; and

“(B) to the extended unemployment compensation account an amount equal to 50 percent of such amount of tax received.

“(2) Transfers under this subsection shall be as of the beginning of the month succeeding the month in which the moneys were credited to the employment security administration account pursuant to subsection (b)(2) of this section with respect to wages paid during such calendar years.”

1991—Subsec. (c)(1)(A)(iii), (B)(iv). Pub. L. 102–83 substituted reference to section 4103 of title 38 for reference to section 2003 of title 38.

1987—Subsec. (c)(3)(C). Pub. L. 100–203, §9154(c)(2), substituted “a tax rate of 0.6 percent” for “(i) a tax rate of 0.6 percent in the case of any calendar year for which the rate of tax under section 3301 of the Federal Unemployment Tax Act is 6.0 percent, and (ii) a tax rate of 0.8 percent in the case of any calendar year for which the rate of tax under such section is 6.2 percent”.

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 100–203, §9154(a), added subsec. (g).

1984—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 98–369, §2663(d)(1), realigned margins of subsec. (c).

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 98–369, §2663(d)(2), realigned margins of par. (3).

1982—Subsec. (c)(3)(C). Pub. L. 97–248, §271(c)(3)(D), substituted “0.6” for “0.5”, “6.0” for “3.2”, and “6.2” for “3.5”.

Subsec. (c)(3)(C)(ii). Pub. L. 97–248, §271(b)(2)(A), substituted “0.8” for “0.7”, struck out “3301” after “tax under such section”, and substituted “3.5” for “3.4”.

1976—Subsec. (c)(3)(C). Pub. L. 94–566 limited existing provisions by making them applicable only in the case of calendar years for which the rate of tax under section 3301 of the Federal Unemployment Tax Act is 3.2 percent, designated the existing provisions as so amended as cl. (i) and added cl. (ii).

Subsec. (f)(3)(A). Pub. L. 94–273 struck out “fiscal” after “immediately preceding”.

1970—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 91–373, §303(a)(1), substituted “fiscal year ending June 30, 1971” for “fiscal year ending June 30, 1964”, inserted reference to par. (4), struck out reference to the Temporary Unemployment Compensation Act of 1958, as amended, and substituted “section 2003 of title 38” for “section 2012 of title 38”.

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 91–373, §303(a)(2), struck out provision for the exclusion of amounts attributable to the Temporary Unemployment Compensation Act of 1958, as amended.

Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 91–373, §303(a)(3), changed the ceiling on the amount in the employment security administration account authorized for appropriation for State grants by making it 95 percent of the amount set forth in the budget of the United States Government as the amount by which the net receipts during the fiscal year are estimated to exceed the amount transferred to the extended unemployment compensation account under section 1105(b) of this title.

Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 91–373, §303(a)(4), added par. (4).

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 91–373, §303(b), struck out reference to section 3302(c)(2) of the Federal Unemployment Tax Act in par. (1)(A)(i), struck out provision for separate application of par. (1) in years in which there was both a balance described in sections 3302(c)(2) and 3302(c)(3) of the Federal Unemployment Tax Act, redesignated par. (3) as par. (2), and struck out former par. (2) covering the transfer of funds from the employment security administration account to the general fund of the Treasury and to the State account, with respect to which employers paid additional tax, received by reason of the reduced credit provisions of section 1400c of this title.

Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 91–373, §303(c), substituted “equals 40 percent of the amount of the total appropriation by the Congress out of the employment security administration account of the preceding fiscal year” for “is $250,000,000”.

Subsec. (f)(2)(A). Pub. L. 91–373, §303(d)(1), inserted reference to par. (3)(C) of this subsection.

Subsec. (f)(3). Pub. L. 91–373, §303(d)(2), revised provisions for the distribution of any excess in the employment security administration account at the end of any fiscal year after June 30, 1972.

1969—Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 91–53, §3(a), struck out subpar. (A) provisions limiting expenditures for fiscal year ending June 30, 1964, to 95 percent of amount estimated by the Secretary of Treasury as the net receipts during such fiscal year under the Federal Unemployment Tax Act, redesignated subpar. (B) provisions as par. (3) without restricting their application to fiscal years ending after June 30, 1964, increased expenditure limitation by unexpended amount retained in the employment security administration account in accordance with subsec. (f)(2)(B) of this section, reenacted provision for estimate of net receipts, and struck out dated provisions requiring the Secretary of Treasury to report to Congress his estimate under subpar. (A) within thirty days after May 29, 1963, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 88–31, and providing for its printing as a House document.

Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 91–53, §3(b), designated existing provisions as subpar. (A), inserted introductory text “Except as provided in subparagraph (B)”, and added subpar. (B).

1963—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 88–31 substituted “June 30, 1964” for “June 30, 1961” in par. (1), “(not in excess of the limit provided by paragraph (3))” for “(not in excess of $350,000,000 for any fiscal year)” in par. (1)(A), and added par. (3).

1961—Subsec. (c)(1)(B). Pub. L. 87–31 inserted provision relating to necessary expenses.

1960—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 86–778 substituted provision establishing the employment security administration account for former provision making an appropriation to the Unemployment Trust Fund for fiscal year ending June 30, 1954, and for each fiscal year thereafter, providing for transfer of funds from the general fund in the Treasury to the Unemployment Trust Fund at the close of the fiscal year, and adjustments in the transfers, and requiring the Secretary of the Treasury to consult with the Secretary of Labor with respect to estimates of employment security administrative expenditures.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 86–778 substituted provisions crediting the employment security administration with funds, and requiring transfer of funds, adjustments and repayment of internal revenue refunds for former provisions defining “employment security administrative expenditures”, now incorporated in subsec. (c)(1)(A), (B), (2)(A) of this section.

Subsecs. (c) to (f). Pub. L. 86–778 added subsecs. (c) to (f).

Effective Date of 1987 Amendment

Section 9154(d) of Pub. L. 100–203 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 1102 and 1105 of this title] shall become effective on the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 22, 1987].”

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–369 effective July 18, 1984, but not to be construed as changing or affecting any right, liability, status, or interpretation which existed (under the provisions of law involved) before that date, see section 2664(b) of Pub. L. 98–369, set out as a note under section 401 of this title.

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by section 271(b)(2)(A) of Pub. L. 97–248 applicable to remuneration paid after Dec. 31, 1982, and amendment by section 271(c)(3)(D) of Pub. L. 97–248 applicable to remuneration paid after Dec. 31, 1984, see section 271(d)(1), (2) of Pub. L. 97–248, as amended, set out as a note under section 3301 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

Effective Date of 1976 Amendment

Section 211(d)(3) of Pub. L. 94–566 provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (c) [amending this section, section 1105 of this title, and section 6157 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code] shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 20, 1976].”

Effective Date of 1970 Amendment

Section 303(a) of Pub. L. 91–373 provided that the amendment made by that section is effective with respect to fiscal years after June 30, 1970.

Section 303(c) of Pub. L. 91–373 provided that the amendment made by that section is effective July 1, 1972.

Section 303(d) of Pub. L. 91–373 provided that the amendment made by that section is effective with respect to fiscal years after June 30, 1972.

Effective Date of 1969 Amendment

Section 4(b) of Pub. L. 91–53 provided that: “The amendments made by section 3 [amending this section] shall take effect upon enactment of this Act [Aug. 7, 1969].”

Increase in Administrative Expenditures Limitation for Fiscal Year 1963

Section 4 of Pub. L. 88–31 provided that notwithstanding subsec. (c)(1)(A) of this section, the limitation on the amount authorized to be available for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1963, for the purposes specified in subsec. (c)(1)(A), was increased to $407,148,000.

Pub. L. 87–582, title I, §101, Aug. 14, 1962, 76 Stat. 363, provided that notwithstanding subsec. (c)(1)(A) of this section, the limitation on the amount authorized to be available for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1963, for the purposes specified in subsec. (c)(1)(A), was increased to $400,000,000.

Increase in Administrative Expenditures Limitation for Fiscal Years 1961 and 1962

Pub. L. 87–6, §15, Mar. 24, 1961, 75 Stat. 16, provided that notwithstanding subsec. (c)(1)(A) of this section, the limitation on the amount authorized to be available for the fiscal years ending June 30, 1961 and June 30, 1962, for the purposes specified in subsec. (c)(1)(A), was increased to $385,000,000 and $415,000,000, respectively.

1 So in original. Probably should be followed by “for”.

§1102. Transfers between Federal unemployment account and employment security administration account

(a) Determination of excess; amount transferred

Whenever the Secretary of the Treasury determines pursuant to section 1101(f) of this title that there is an excess in the employment security administration account as of the close of any fiscal year and the entire amount of such excess is not retained in the employment security administration account or transferred to the extended unemployment compensation account as provided in section 1101(f)(3) of this title, there shall be transferred (as of the beginning of the succeeding fiscal year) to the Federal unemployment account the balance of such excess or so much thereof as is required to increase the amount in the Federal unemployment account to whichever of the following is the greater:

(1) $550 million, or

(2) the amount (determined by the Secretary of Labor and certified by him to the Secretary of the Treasury) equal to 0.5 percent of the total wages subject (determined without any limitation on amount) to contributions under all State unemployment compensation laws for the calendar year ending during the fiscal year for which the excess is determined.

(b) Unemployment account excesses

The amount, if any, by which the amount in the Federal unemployment account as of the close of any fiscal year exceeds the greater of the amounts specified in paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (a) of this section shall be transferred to the employment security administration account as of the close of such fiscal year.

(c) Report to Congress

Whenever the Secretary of Labor has reason to believe that in the next fiscal year the employment security administration account will reach the limit provided for such account in section 1101(f)(3)(A) of this title, and the Federal unemployment account will reach the limit provided for such account in subsection (a) of this section, and the extended unemployment compensation account will reach the limit provided for such account in section 1105(b)(2) of this title, he shall, after consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, so report to the Congress with a recommendation for appropriate action by the Congress.

(Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §902, as added Aug. 5, 1954, ch. 657, §2, 68 Stat. 669; amended Pub. L. 86–778, title V, §521, Sept. 13, 1960, 74 Stat. 974; Pub. L. 91–373, title III, §304(a), (b), Aug. 10, 1970, 84 Stat. 715, 716; Pub. L. 100–203, title IX, §9154(b)(1), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330–326; Pub. L. 102–318, title V, §531(b), July 3, 1992, 106 Stat. 316; Pub. L. 105–33, title V, §5402(a), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 603.)

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1102, act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §902, 49 Stat. 639, related to credit against tax. For further details, see Prior Law note set out preceding section 1101 of this title.

Amendments

1997—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 105–33 substituted “0.5 percent” for “0.25 percent”.

1992—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 102–318 substituted “0.25 percent” for “five-eighths of 1 percent”.

1987—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 100–203 substituted “five-eighths” for “one-eighth”.

1970—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 91–373, §304(a), inserted, in provisions preceding par. (1), reference to the retention of the entire amount of the excess in the employment security administration account or the transfer to the extended unemployment compensation account as provided in section 1101(f)(3) of this title and, in par. (2), substituted “one-eighth of 1 percent” for “four-tenths of 1 per centum”.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 91–373, §304(b), added subsec. (c).

1960—Pub. L. 86–778 substituted provisions for transfers between Federal unemployment account and employment security administration account for former provisions crediting the Federal unemployment account with funds and defining “adjusted balance”.

Effective Date of 1997 Amendment

Section 5402(b) of Pub. L. 105–33 provided that: “This section [amending this section] and the amendment made by this section—

“(1) shall take effect on October 1, 2001, and

“(2) shall apply to fiscal years beginning on or after that date.”

Effective Date of 1992 Amendment

Section 531(e) of Pub. L. 102–318 provided that:

“(1) In general.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made by this section [enacting section 1110 of this title and amending this section and sections 1101, 1104, and 1105 of this title] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [July 3, 1992].

“(2) Changes in ceiling amounts.—The amendments made by subsection[s] (a)(2) and (b) [amending this section and section 1105 of this title] shall apply to fiscal years beginning after September 30, 1993.”

§1103. Amounts transferred to State accounts

(a) Determination and certification by Secretary of Labor

(1) If as of the close of any fiscal year after the fiscal year ending June 30, 1972, the amount in the extended unemployment compensation account has reached the limit provided in section 1105(b)(2) of this title and the amount in the Federal unemployment account has reached the limit provided in section 1102(a) of this title and all advances and interest pursuant to section 1105(d) of this title and section 1323 of this title have been repaid, and there remains in the employment security administration account any amount over the amount provided in section 1101(f)(3)(A) of this title, such excess amount, except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, shall be transferred (as of the beginning of the succeeding fiscal year) to the accounts of the States in the Unemployment Trust Fund.

(2) Each State's share of the funds to be transferred under this subsection as of any October 1—

(A) shall be determined by the Secretary of Labor and certified by such Secretary to the Secretary of the Treasury before such date, and

(B) shall bear the same ratio to the total amount to be so transferred as—

(i) the amount of wages subject to tax under section 3301 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 during the preceding calendar year which are determined by the Secretary of Labor to be attributable to the State, bears to

(ii) the total amount of wages subject to such tax during such year.

(b) Transfer of funds where State is ineligible

(1) If the Secretary of Labor finds that on October 1 of any fiscal year—

(A) a State is not eligible for certification under section 503 of this title, or

(B) the law of a State is not approvable under section 3304 of the Federal Unemployment Tax Act [26 U.S.C. 3304],


then the amount available for transfer to such State's account shall, in lieu of being so transferred, be transferred to the Federal unemployment account as of the beginning of such October 1. If, during the fiscal year beginning on such October 1, the Secretary of Labor finds and certifies to the Secretary of the Treasury that such State is eligible for certification under section 503 of this title, that the law of such State is approvable under such section 3304, or both, the Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer such amount from the Federal unemployment account to the account of such State. If the Secretary of Labor does not so find and certify to the Secretary of the Treasury before the close of such fiscal year then the amount which was available for transfer to such State's account as of October 1 of such fiscal year shall (as of the close of such fiscal year) become unrestricted as to use as part of the Federal unemployment account.

(2) The amount which, but for this paragraph, would be transferred to the account of a State under subsection (a) of this section or paragraph (1) of this subsection shall be reduced (but not below zero) by the balance of advances made to the State under section 1321 of this title. The sum by which such amount is reduced shall—

(A) be transferred to or retained in (as the case may be) the Federal unemployment account, and

(B) be credited against, and operate to reduce—

(i) first, any balance of advances made before September 13, 1960, to the State under section 1321 of this title, and

(ii) second, any balance of advances made on or after September 13, 1960, to the State under section 1321 of this title.

(c) Use of funds

(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), amounts transferred to the account of a State pursuant to subsections (a) and (b) of this section shall be used only in the payment of cash benefits to individuals with respect to their unemployment, exclusive of expenses of administration.

(2) A State may, pursuant to a specific appropriation made by the legislative body of the State, use money withdrawn from its account in the payment of expenses incurred by it for the administration of its unemployment compensation law and public employment offices if and only if—

(A) the purposes and amounts were specified in the law making the appropriation,

(B) the appropriation law did not authorize the obligation of such money after the close of the two-year period which began on the date of enactment of the appropriation law,

(C) the money is withdrawn and the expenses are incurred after such date of enactment,

(D)(i) the appropriation law limits the total amount which may be obligated under such appropriation at any time to an amount which does not exceed, at any such time, the amount by which—

(I) the aggregate of the amounts transferred to the account of such State pursuant to subsections (a) and (b), exceeds

(II) the aggregate of the amounts used by the State pursuant to this subsection and charged against the amounts transferred to the account of such State, and


(ii) for purposes of clause (i), amounts used by a State for administration shall be chargeable against transferred amounts at the exact time the obligation is entered into, and

(E) the use of the money is accounted for in accordance with standards established by the Secretary of Labor.


(3)(A) If—

(i) amounts transferred to the account of a State pursuant to subsections (a) and (b) of this section were used in payment of unemployment benefits to individuals; and

(ii) the Governor of such State submits a request to the Secretary of Labor that such amounts be restored under this paragraph,


then the amounts described in clause (i) shall be restored to the status of funds transferred under subsections (a) and (b) of this section which have not been used by eliminating any charge against amounts so transferred for the use of such amounts in the payment of unemployment benefits.

(B) Subparagraph (A) shall apply only to the extent that the amounts described in clause (i) of such subparagraph do not exceed the amount then in the State's account.

(C) Subparagraph (A) shall not apply if the State has a balance of advances made to its account under subchapter XII of this chapter.

(D) If the Secretary of Labor determines that the requirements of this paragraph are met with respect to any request, the Secretary shall notify the Governor of the State that such requirements are met with respect to such request and the amount restored under this paragraph. Such restoration shall be as of the first day of the first month following the month in which the notification is made.

(d) Special transfer in fiscal year 2002

(1) The Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer (as of the date determined under paragraph (5)) from the Federal unemployment account to the account of each State in the Unemployment Trust Fund the amount determined with respect to such State under paragraph (2).

(2)(A) The amount to be transferred under this subsection to a State account shall (as determined by the Secretary of Labor and certified by such Secretary to the Secretary of the Treasury) be equal to—

(i) the amount which would have been required to have been transferred under this section to such account at the beginning of fiscal year 2002 if—

(I) section 209(a)(1) of the Temporary Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 2002 had been enacted before the close of fiscal year 2001, and

(II) section 5402 of Public Law 105–33 (relating to increase in Federal unemployment account ceiling) had not been enacted,


minus

(ii) the amount which was in fact transferred under this section to such account at the beginning of fiscal year 2002.


(B) Notwithstanding the provisions of subparagraph (A)—

(i) the aggregate amount transferred to the States under this subsection may not exceed a total of $8,000,000,000; and

(ii) all amounts determined under subparagraph (A) shall be reduced ratably, if and to the extent necessary in order to comply with the limitation under clause (i).


(3)(A) Except as provided in paragraph (4), amounts transferred to a State account pursuant to this subsection may be used only in the payment of cash benefits—

(i) to individuals with respect to their unemployment, and

(ii) which are allowable under subparagraph (B) or (C).


(B)(i) At the option of the State, cash benefits under this paragraph may include amounts which shall be payable as—

(I) regular compensation, or

(II) additional compensation, upon the exhaustion of any temporary extended unemployment compensation (if such State has entered into an agreement under the Temporary Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 2002), for individuals eligible for regular compensation under the unemployment compensation law of such State.


(ii) Any additional compensation under clause (i) may not be taken into account for purposes of any determination relating to the amount of any extended compensation for which an individual might be eligible.

(C)(i) At the option of the State, cash benefits under this paragraph may include amounts which shall be payable to 1 or more categories of individuals not otherwise eligible for regular compensation under the unemployment compensation law of such State, including those described in clause (iii).

(ii) The benefits paid under this subparagraph to any individual may not, for any period of unemployment, exceed the maximum amount of regular compensation authorized under the unemployment compensation law of such State for that same period, plus any additional compensation (described in subparagraph (B)(i)) which could have been paid with respect to that amount.

(iii) The categories of individuals described in this clause include the following:

(I) Individuals who are seeking, or available for, only part-time (and not full-time) work.

(II) Individuals who would be eligible for regular compensation under the unemployment compensation law of such State under an alternative base period.


(D) Amounts transferred to a State account under this subsection may be used in the payment of cash benefits to individuals only for weeks of unemployment beginning after March 9, 2002.

(4) Amounts transferred to a State account under this subsection may be used for the administration of its unemployment compensation law and public employment offices (including in connection with benefits described in paragraph (3) and any recipients thereof), subject to the same conditions as set forth in subsection (c)(2) of this section (excluding subparagraph (B) thereof, and deeming the reference to “subsections (a) and (b)” in subparagraph (D) thereof to include this subsection).

(5) Transfers under this subsection shall be made within 10 days after March 9, 2002.

(e) Special transfer in fiscal year 2006

Not later than 10 days after October 20, 2005, the Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer from the Federal unemployment account—

(1) $15,000,000 to the account of Alabama in the Unemployment Trust Fund;

(2) $400,000,000 to the account of Louisiana in the Unemployment Trust Fund; and

(3) $85,000,000 to the account of Mississippi in the Unemployment Trust Fund.

(f) Special transfers in fiscal years 2009, 2010, and 2011 for modernization

(1)(A) In addition to any other amounts, the Secretary of Labor shall provide for the making of unemployment compensation modernization incentive payments (hereinafter “incentive payments”) to the accounts of the States in the Unemployment Trust Fund, by transfer from amounts reserved for that purpose in the Federal unemployment account, in accordance with succeeding provisions of this subsection.

(B) The maximum incentive payment allowable under this subsection with respect to any State shall, as determined by the Secretary of Labor, be equal to the amount obtained by multiplying $7,000,000,000 by the same ratio as would apply under subsection (a)(2)(B) for purposes of determining such State's share of any excess amount (as described in subsection (a)(1)) that would have been subject to transfer to State accounts, as of October 1, 2008, under the provisions of subsection (a).

(C) Of the maximum incentive payment determined under subparagraph (B) with respect to a State—

(i) one-third shall be transferred to the account of such State upon a certification under paragraph (4)(B) that the State law of such State meets the requirements of paragraph (2); and

(ii) the remainder shall be transferred to the account of such State upon a certification under paragraph (4)(B) that the State law of such State meets the requirements of paragraph (3).


(2) The State law of a State meets the requirements of this paragraph if such State law—

(A) uses a base period that includes the most recently completed calendar quarter before the start of the benefit year for purposes of determining eligibility for unemployment compensation; or

(B) provides that, in the case of an individual who would not otherwise be eligible for unemployment compensation under the State law because of the use of a base period that does not include the most recently completed calendar quarter before the start of the benefit year, eligibility shall be determined using a base period that includes such calendar quarter.


(3) The State law of a State meets the requirements of this paragraph if such State law includes provisions to carry out at least 2 of the following subparagraphs:

(A) An individual shall not be denied regular unemployment compensation under any State law provisions relating to availability for work, active search for work, or refusal to accept work, solely because such individual is seeking only part-time work (as defined by the Secretary of Labor), except that the State law provisions carrying out this subparagraph may exclude an individual if a majority of the weeks of work in such individual's base period do not include part-time work (as so defined).

(B) An individual shall not be disqualified from regular unemployment compensation for separating from employment if that separation is for any compelling family reason. For purposes of this subparagraph, the term “compelling family reason” means the following:

(i) One or both of the following offenses as selected by the State, but in making such selection, the resulting change in the State law shall not supercede any other provision of law relating to unemployment insurance to the extent that such other provision provides broader access to unemployment benefits for victims of such selected offense or offenses:

(I) Domestic violence, verified by such reasonable and confidential documentation as the State law may require, which causes the individual reasonably to believe that such individual's continued employment would jeopardize the safety of the individual or of any member of the individual's immediate family (as defined by the Secretary of Labor); and

(II) Sexual assault, verified by such reasonable and confidential documentation as the State law may require, which causes the individual reasonably to believe that such individual's continued employment would jeopardize the safety of the individual or of any member of the individual's immediate family (as defined by the Secretary of Labor).


(ii) The illness or disability of a member of the individual's immediate family (as those terms are defined by the Secretary of Labor).

(iii) The need for the individual to accompany such individual's spouse—

(I) to a place from which it is impractical for such individual to commute; and

(II) due to a change in location of the spouse's employment.


(C)(i) Weekly unemployment compensation is payable under this subparagraph to any individual who is unemployed (as determined under the State unemployment compensation law), has exhausted all rights to regular unemployment compensation under the State law, and is enrolled and making satisfactory progress in a State-approved training program or in a job training program authorized under the Workforce Investment Act of 1998, except that such compensation is not required to be paid to an individual who is receiving similar stipends or other training allowances for non-training costs.

(ii) Each State-approved training program or job training program referred to in clause (i) shall prepare individuals who have been separated from a declining occupation, or who have been involuntarily and indefinitely separated from employment as a result of a permanent reduction of operations at the individual's place of employment, for entry into a high-demand occupation.

(iii) The amount of unemployment compensation payable under this subparagraph to an individual for a week of unemployment shall be equal to—

(I) the individual's average weekly benefit amount (including dependents’ allowances) for the most recent benefit year, less

(II) any deductible income, as determined under State law.


The total amount of unemployment compensation payable under this subparagraph to any individual shall be equal to at least 26 times the individual's average weekly benefit amount (including dependents’ allowances) for the most recent benefit year.

(D) Dependents’ allowances are provided, in the case of any individual who is entitled to receive regular unemployment compensation and who has any dependents (as defined by State law), in an amount equal to at least $15 per dependent per week, subject to any aggregate limitation on such allowances which the State law may establish (but which aggregate limitation on the total allowance for dependents paid to an individual may not be less than $50 for each week of unemployment or 50 percent of the individual's weekly benefit amount for the benefit year, whichever is less), except that a State law may provide for a reasonable reduction in the amount of any such allowance for a week of less than total unemployment.


(4)(A) Any State seeking an incentive payment under this subsection shall submit an application therefor at such time, in such manner, and complete with such information as the Secretary of Labor may within 60 days after February 17, 2009, prescribe (whether by regulation or otherwise), including information relating to compliance with the requirements of paragraph (2) or (3), as well as how the State intends to use the incentive payment to improve or strengthen the State's unemployment compensation program. The Secretary of Labor shall, within 30 days after receiving a complete application, notify the State agency of the State of the Secretary's findings with respect to the requirements of paragraph (2) or (3) (or both).

(B)(i) If the Secretary of Labor finds that the State law provisions (disregarding any State law provisions which are not then currently in effect as permanent law or which are subject to discontinuation) meet the requirements of paragraph (2) or (3), as the case may be, the Secretary of Labor shall thereupon make a certification to that effect to the Secretary of the Treasury, together with a certification as to the amount of the incentive payment to be transferred to the State account pursuant to that finding. The Secretary of the Treasury shall make the appropriate transfer within 7 days after receiving such certification.

(ii) For purposes of clause (i), State law provisions which are to take effect within 12 months after the date of their certification under this subparagraph shall be considered to be in effect as of the date of such certification.

(C)(i) No certification of compliance with the requirements of paragraph (2) or (3) may be made with respect to any State whose State law is not otherwise eligible for certification under section 503 of this title or approvable under section 3304 of the Federal Unemployment Tax Act [26 U.S.C. 3304].

(ii) No certification of compliance with the requirements of paragraph (3) may be made with respect to any State whose State law is not in compliance with the requirements of paragraph (2).

(iii) No application under subparagraph (A) may be considered if submitted before February 17, 2009, or after the latest date necessary (as specified by the Secretary of Labor) to ensure that all incentive payments under this subsection are made before October 1, 2011.

(5)(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), any amount transferred to the account of a State under this subsection may be used by such State only in the payment of cash benefits to individuals with respect to their unemployment (including for dependents’ allowances and for unemployment compensation under paragraph (3)(C)), exclusive of expenses of administration.

(B) A State may, subject to the same conditions as set forth in subsection (c)(2) (excluding subparagraph (B) thereof, and deeming the reference to “subsections (a) and (b)” in subparagraph (D) thereof to include this subsection), use any amount transferred to the account of such State under this subsection for the administration of its unemployment compensation law and public employment offices.

(6) Out of any money in the Federal unemployment account not otherwise appropriated, the Secretary of the Treasury shall reserve $7,000,000,000 for incentive payments under this subsection. Any amount so reserved shall not be taken into account for purposes of any determination under section 1102, 1110, or 1323 of this title of the amount in the Federal unemployment account as of any given time. Any amount so reserved for which the Secretary of the Treasury has not received a certification under paragraph (4)(B) by the deadline described in paragraph (4)(C)(iii) shall, upon the close of fiscal year 2011, become unrestricted as to use as part of the Federal unemployment account.

(7) For purposes of this subsection, the terms “benefit year”, “base period”, and “week” have the respective meanings given such terms under section 205 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 (26 U.S.C. 3304 note).

(g) Special transfer in fiscal year 2009 for administration

(1) In addition to any other amounts, the Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer from the employment security administration account to the account of each State in the Unemployment Trust Fund, within 30 days after February 17, 2009, the amount determined with respect to such State under paragraph (2).

(2) The amount to be transferred under this subsection to a State account shall (as determined by the Secretary of Labor and certified by such Secretary to the Secretary of the Treasury) be equal to the amount obtained by multiplying $500,000,000 by the same ratio as determined under subsection (f)(1)(B) with respect to such State.

(3) Any amount transferred to the account of a State as a result of the enactment of this subsection may be used by the State agency of such State only in the payment of expenses incurred by it for—

(A) the administration of the provisions of its State law carrying out the purposes of subsection (f)(2) or any subparagraph of subsection (f)(3);

(B) improved outreach to individuals who might be eligible for regular unemployment compensation by virtue of any provisions of the State law which are described in subparagraph (A);

(C) the improvement of unemployment benefit and unemployment tax operations, including responding to increased demand for unemployment compensation; and

(D) staff-assisted reemployment services for unemployment compensation claimants.

(Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §903, as added Aug. 5, 1954, ch. 657, §2, 68 Stat. 670; amended Pub. L. 86–778, title V, §521, Sept. 13, 1960, 74 Stat. 974; Pub. L. 88–31, §3, May 29, 1963, 77 Stat. 51; Pub. L. 90–430, July 26, 1968, 82 Stat. 447; Pub. L. 91–373, title III, §305(b), Aug. 10, 1970, 84 Stat. 717; Pub. L. 92–224, §1, title II, §204(c), Dec. 29, 1971, 85 Stat. 810, 814; Pub. L. 92–329, §2(d), June 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 398; Pub. L. 93–368, §4(b), Aug. 7, 1974, 88 Stat. 420; Pub. L. 94–273, §§2(20), 3(23), 23, 41, Apr. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 375, 377, 379, 381; Pub. L. 97–248, title I, §192, Sept. 3, 1982, 96 Stat. 408; Pub. L. 100–203, title IX, §9155(c), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330–327; Pub. L. 101–508, title V, §5021(a), (b), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388–223; Pub. L. 105–33, title V, §5403, Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 603; Pub. L. 107–147, title II, §209(a)(1), (b), Mar. 9, 2002, 116 Stat. 31; Pub. L. 109–91, title II, §201, Oct. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 2093; Pub. L. 111–5, div. B, title II, §2003(a), Feb. 17, 2009, 123 Stat. 439; Pub. L. 111–92, §7(a), Nov. 6, 2009, 123 Stat. 2987.)

References in Text

The Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B)(i), is classified generally to Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

The Temporary Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 2002, referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(A)(i)(I), (3)(B)(i)(II), is title II of Pub. L. 107–147, Mar. 9, 2002, 116 Stat. 26, which is set out as a note under section 3304 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code. Section 209(a)(1) of the Act amended this section. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.

Section 5402 of Public Law 105–33, referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(A)(i)(II), is section 5402 of Pub. L. 105–33, title V, Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 603, which amended section 1102 of this title and enacted provisions set out as a note under section 1102 of this title.

The Workforce Investment Act of 1998, referred to in subsec. (f)(3)(C)(i), is Pub. L. 105–220, Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 936. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 9201 of Title 20, Education, and Tables.

Section 205 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970, referred to in subsec. (f)(7), is section 205 of Pub. L. 91–373, which is set out as a note under section 3304 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1103, act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §903, 49 Stat. 640, related to approval and certification of State laws. For further details, see Prior Law note set out preceding section 1101 of this title.

Amendments

2009—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 111–5 added subsec. (f).

Subsec. (f)(3)(B)(i). Pub. L. 111–92 amended cl. (i) generally. Prior to amendment, cl. (i) read as follows: “Domestic violence, verified by such reasonable and confidential documentation as the State law may require, which causes the individual reasonably to believe that such individual's continued employment would jeopardize the safety of the individual or of any member of the individual's immediate family (as defined by the Secretary of Labor).”

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 111–5 added subsec. (g).

2005—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 109–91 added subsec. (e).

2002—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 107–147, §209(a)(1)(A), struck out par. (3) which related to disposition of excess amounts remaining in the employment security administration account as of the close of fiscal year 1999, 2000, or 2001.

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 107–147, §209(a)(1)(B), struck out concluding provisions which read as follows: “Any amount allocated to a State under this section for fiscal year 2000, 2001, or 2002 may be used by such State only to pay expenses incurred by it for the administration of its unemployment compensation law, and may be so used by it without regard to any of the conditions prescribed in any of the preceding provisions of this paragraph.”

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 107–147, §209(b), added subsec. (d).

1997—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 105–33, §5403(a), added par. (3).

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 105–33, §5403(b), inserted concluding provisions.

1990—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 101–508, §5021(a), amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows: “Each State's share of the funds to be transferred under this subsection as of any October 1—

“(A) shall be determined by the Secretary of Labor and certified by him to the Secretary of the Treasury before that date on the basis of reports furnished by the States to the Secretary of Labor before September 1, and

“(B) shall bear the same ratio to the total amount to be so transferred as the amount of wages subject to contributions under such State's unemployment compensation law during the preceding calendar year which have been reported to the State before August 1 bears to the total of wages subject to contributions under all State unemployment compensation laws during such calendar year which have been reported to the States before August 1.”

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 101–508, §5021(b), added subpars. (D) and (E) and struck out former subpar. (D) and last sentence which required a State's appropriation law to limit the total amount which may be obligated during a twelve-month or transitional period from its account.

1987—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 100–203 inserted “and interest” after “all advances”.

1982—Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 97–248, §192(a), substituted “thirty-four” for “twenty-four” wherever appearing, and “thirty-fourth” for “twenty-fourth” in provisions following subpar. (D).

Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 97–248, §192(b), added par. (3).

1976—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 94–273, §3(23) substituted “October” for “July”.

Subsec. (a)(2)(A). Pub. L. 94–273, §2(20), substituted “September” for “June”.

Subsec. (a)(2)(B). Pub. L. 94–273, §23, substituted “August” for “May” wherever appearing.

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 94–273, §3(23), substituted “October” for “July”.

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 94–273, §41, in subpar. (D) and provisions following subpar. (D) substituted provisions relating to determination based on a twelve-month period (as prescribed in the law of the State), or during a transitional period of less than twelve months caused by a change in the twelve-month period (as prescribed in the law of the State), for provisions relating to determination based on a fiscal year period.

1974—Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 93–368 struck out par. (3) which related to reductions in the amount transferable to the account of any State by reason of emergency compensation paid to any individual for a week of unemployment ending after June 30, 1972.

1972—Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 92–329 inserted provisions relating to reductions in the amount transferable to the account of any State by reason of emergency compensation paid to any individual for a week of unemployment ending after June 30, 1972.

1971—Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 92–224, §204(c), added par. (3).

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 92–224, §1, substituted “twenty-four preceding fiscal years” and “such twenty-five fiscal years” for “fourteen preceding fiscal years” and “such fifteen fiscal years” in subpar. (D) of first sentence and “twenty-fourth preceding fiscal year” for “fourteenth preceding fiscal year” in second sentence.

1970—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 91–373 inserted references to the limits provided in sections 1102(a) and 1105(b)(2) of this title, advances pursuant to section 1105(d) of this title, and the amount provided in section 1101(f)(3)(A) of this title.

1968—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 90–430 substituted in par. (2)(D)(i) “fourteen” for “nine”, in par. (2)(D)(ii) “fifteen” for “ten”, and in provisions following par. (2)(D) “fourteenth” for “ninth”.

1963—Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 88–31 substituted “nine preceding fiscal years” for “four preceding fiscal years”, “ten fiscal years” for “five fiscal years” in cl. (D), and “ninth preceding fiscal year” for “fourth preceding fiscal year” in last sentence.

1960—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 86–778 substituted provisions of par. (1) for first sentence of the section which read “So much of any amount transferred to the Unemployment Trust Fund at the close of any fiscal year under section 1101(a) of this title as is not credited to the Federal unemployment account under section 1102 of this title shall be credited (as of the beginning of the succeeding fiscal year) to the accounts of the States in the Unemployment Trust Fund” and designated existing provisions of second sentence as part (2), substituting “transferred” for “credited”, and striking out “on or” before “before” in subpar. (A).

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 86–778 redesignated existing provisions as par. (1) and cls. (1) and (2) thereof as subpars. (A) and (B), substituted “section 3304 of title 26” for “section 1603 of title 26”, in two places, and “transfer to such States’ account”, “transferred”, and “transfer” for “crediting to such States’ account”, “credited” and “credit”, respectively, except where already reading “shall transfer”, and added par. (2).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 86–778 substituted “transferred” for “credited”, wherever appearing, “obligation” for “expenditure” in par. (2)(B), “obligated” for “so used” in par. (2)(D), and “obligated for administration” for “used” in concluding par., inserted references to subsection (b) in pars. (1) and (2)(D), and struck out “any of” before “such five fiscal years” in par. (2)(D).

Effective Date of 2009 Amendment

Pub. L. 111–92, §7(b), Nov. 6, 2009, 123 Stat. 2988, provided that: “The amendment made by this section [amending this section] shall apply with respect to State applications submitted on and after January 1, 2010.”

Effective Date of 1990 Amendment

Section 5021(c) of Pub. L. 101–508 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to fiscal years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 5, 1990].”

Effective Date of 1987 Amendment

Section 9155(d) of Pub. L. 100–203 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 1105 and 1323 of this title] shall apply to advances made on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 22, 1987].”

Regulations

Pub. L. 111–5, div. B, title II, §2003(b), Feb. 17, 2009, 123 Stat. 443, provided that: “The Secretary of Labor may prescribe any regulations, operating instructions, or other guidance necessary to carry out the amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section].”

Pub. L. 109–91, title II, §203, Oct. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 2094, provided that: “The Secretary of Labor may prescribe any operating instructions or regulations necessary to carry out this title [amending this section] and any amendment made by this title.”

§1104. Unemployment Trust Fund

(a) Establishment

There is hereby established in the Treasury of the United States a trust fund to be known as the “Unemployment Trust Fund”, hereinafter in this subchapter called the “Fund”. The Secretary of the Treasury is authorized and directed to receive and hold in the Fund all moneys deposited therein by a State agency from a State unemployment fund, or by the Railroad Retirement Board to the credit of the railroad unemployment insurance account or the railroad unemployment insurance administration fund, or otherwise deposited in or credited to the Fund or any account therein. Such deposit may be made directly with the Secretary of the Treasury, with any depositary designated by him for such purpose, or with any Federal Reserve Bank.

(b) Investments

It shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Treasury to invest such portion of the Fund as is not, in his judgment, required to meet current withdrawals. Such investment may be made only in interest-bearing obligations of the United States or in obligations guaranteed as to both principal and interest by the United States. For such purpose such obligations may be acquired (1) on original issue at the issue price, or (2) by purchase of outstanding obligations at the market price. The purposes for which obligations of the United States may be issued under chapter 31 of title 31 are hereby extended to authorize the issuance at par of special obligations exclusively to the Fund. Such special obligations shall bear interest at a rate equal to the average rate of interest, computed as of the end of the calendar month next preceding the date of such issue, borne by all interest-bearing obligations of the United States then forming part of the public debt; except that where such average rate is not a multiple of one-eighth of 1 per centum, the rate of interest of such special obligations shall be the multiple of one-eighth of 1 per centum next lower than such average rate. Obligations other than such special obligations may be acquired for the Fund only on such terms as to provide an investment yield not less than the yield which would be required in the case of special obligations if issued to the Fund upon the date of such acquisition. Advances made to the Federal unemployment account pursuant to section 1323 of this title shall not be invested.

(c) Sale or redemption of obligations

Any obligations acquired by the Fund (except special obligations issued exclusively to the Fund) may be sold at the market price, and such special obligations may be redeemed at par plus accrued interest.

(d) Treatment of interest and proceeds

The interest on, and the proceeds from the sale or redemption of, any obligations held in the Fund shall be credited to and form a part of the Fund.

(e) Separate book accounts

The Fund shall be invested as a single fund, but the Secretary of the Treasury shall maintain a separate book account for each State agency, the employment security administration account, the Federal unemployment account, the railroad unemployment insurance account, and the railroad unemployment insurance administration fund and shall credit quarterly (on March 31, June 30, September 30, and December 31, of each year) to each account, on the basis of the average daily balance of such account, a proportionate part of the earnings of the Fund for the quarter ending on such date. For the purpose of this subsection, the average daily balance shall be computed—

(1) in the case of any State account, by reducing (but not below zero) the amount in the account by the balance of advances made to the State under section 1321 of this title, and

(2) in the case of the Federal unemployment account—

(A) by adding to the amount in the account the aggregate of the reductions under paragraph (1), and

(B) by subtracting from the sum so obtained the balance of advances made under section 1323 of this title to the account.

(f) Payment to State agencies and Railroad Retirement Board

The Secretary of the Treasury is authorized and directed to pay out of the Fund to any State agency such amount as it may duly requisition, not exceeding the amount standing to the account of such State agency at the time of such payment. The Secretary of the Treasury is authorized and directed to make such payments out of the railroad unemployment insurance account for the payment of benefits, and out of the railroad unemployment insurance administration fund for the payment of administrative expenses, as the Railroad Retirement Board may duly certify, not exceeding the amount standing to the credit of such account or such fund, as the case may be, at the time of such payment.

(g) Federal unemployment account; establishment

There is hereby established in the Unemployment Trust Fund a Federal unemployment account.

(Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §904, 49 Stat. 640; June 25, 1938, ch. 680, §10(e)–(g), 52 Stat. 1104, 1105; Oct. 3, 1944, ch. 480, title IV, §401, 58 Stat. 789; Aug. 6, 1947, ch. 510, §5(a), 61 Stat. 794; Aug. 28, 1950, ch. 809, title IV, §404(b), 64 Stat. 560; Aug. 5, 1954, ch. 657, §5(b)–(f), 68 Stat. 673; Pub. L. 85–927, pt. II, §204, Sept. 6, 1958, 72 Stat. 1782; Pub. L. 86–346, title I, §104(3), Sept. 22, 1959, 73 Stat. 622; Pub. L. 86–778, title V, §521, Sept. 13, 1960, 74 Stat. 976; Pub. L. 98–369, div. B, title VI, §2663(d)(3), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 1167; Pub. L. 102–318, title V, §531(d)(3), July 3, 1992, 106 Stat. 317.)

Amendments

1992—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 102–318 struck out after the first sentence the following: “There is hereby authorized to be appropriated to such Federal unemployment account a sum equal to (1) the excess of taxes collected prior to July 1, 1946, under title IX of this Act or under the Federal Unemployment Tax Act, over the total unemployment administrative expenditures made prior to July 1, 1946, plus (2) the excess of taxes collected under the Federal Unemployment Tax Act after June 30, 1946, and prior to July 1, 1953, over the unemployment administrative expenditures made after June 30, 1946, and prior to July 1, 1953. As used in this subsection, the term ‘unemployment administrative expenditures’ means expenditures for grants under subchapter III of this chapter, expenditures for the administration of that subchapter by the Secretary of Health and Human Services, or the Secretary of Labor, and expenditures for the administration of title IX of this Act, or of the Federal Unemployment Tax Act, by the Department of the Treasury, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, or the Secretary of Labor. For the purposes of this subsection, there shall be deducted from the total amount of taxes collected prior to July 1, 1943, under title IX of this Act, the sum of $40,561,886.43 which was authorized to be appropriated by the Act of August 24, 1937 (50 Stat. 754), and the sum of $18,451,846 which was authorized to be appropriated by section 361(b) of title 45.”

1984—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–369 substituted “chapter 31 of title 31” for “the Second Liberty Bond Act, as amended”.

1960—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 86–778 substituted “with any depositary designated by him for such purpose, or with any Federal Reserve Bank” for “or with any Federal Reserve bank or member bank of the Federal Reserve System designated by him for such purpose”.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 86–778 substituted “Second Liberty Bond Act, as amended” and “section 1323” for “section 752 of title 31” and “section 1322(c)”, respectively, and inserted “made” after “Advances”.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 86–778 provided for the maintenance of a separate book account for the employment security administration account and substituted “balance of advances made to the State under section 1321 of this title” for “aggregate of the outstanding advances under section 1321 of this title from the Federal unemployment account” in par. (1) and “balance of advances made under section 1323 of this title to the account” for “aggregate of the outstanding advances from the Treasury to the account pursuant to section 1322(c) of this title”.

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 86–778 redesignated former subsec. (h) as (g).

1959—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 86–346 substituted “on original issue at the issue price” for “on original issue at par”.

1958—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 85–927, §204(a), inserted “or the railroad unemployment insurance administration fund”.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 85–927, §204(b), substituted “the railroad unemployment insurance account, and the railroad unemployment insurance administration fund” for “and the railroad unemployment insurance account”.

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 85–927, §204(c), substituted “railroad unemployment insurance account for the payment of benefits, and out of the railroad unemployment insurance administration fund for the payment of administrative expenses, as the Railroad Retirement Board may duly certify, not exceeding the amount standing to the credit of such account or such fund, as the case may be, at the time of such payment” for “fund as the Railroad Retirement Board may duly certify, not exceeding the amount standing to the railroad unemployment insurance account at the time of such payment”.

1954—Subsec. (a). Act Aug. 5, 1954, §5(b), substituted “or otherwise deposited in or credited to the Fund or any account therein” for “or deposited pursuant to appropriations to the Federal unemployment account”.

Subsec. (b). Act Aug. 5, 1954, §5(c), inserted provision that advances to the Federal unemployment account pursuant to section 1323 of this title shall not be invested.

Subsec. (e). Act Aug. 5, 1954, §5(d), inserted “For the purposes of this subsection, the average daily balance shall be computed—

“(1) in the case of any State account, by reducing (but not below zero) the amount in the account by the aggregate of the outstanding advances under section 1201 from the Federal unemployment account, and

“(2) in the case of the Federal unemployment account, (A) by adding to the amount in the account the aggregate of the reductions under paragraph (1), and (B) by subtracting from the sum so obtained the aggregate of the outstanding advances from the Treasury to the account pursuant to section 1202(c).”

Subsec. (g). Act Aug. 5, 1954, §5(e), repealed subsec. (g) which authorized Secretary of Treasury to make transfers from Federal unemployment account to account of any State in Unemployment Trust Fund.

Subsec. (h). Act Aug. 5, 1954, §5(f), substituted a new cl. (2) in second sentence and repealed the third sentence: “Any amounts in the Federal unemployment account on April 1952, and any amounts repaid to such account after such date, shall be covered into the general fund of the Treasury.”

1950—Subsec. (h). Act Aug. 28, 1950, substituted “prior to July 1, 1951” for “prior to July 1, 1949”, “on July 1, 1951, and ending on December 31, 1951” for “on July 1, 1949, and ending on December 31, 1949” in cl. (2) of second sentence, and “April 1, 1952” for “April 1, 1950” in third sentence.

1947—Subsec. (h). Act Aug. 6, 1947, amended subsec. (h) generally, and, among other changes, changed the periods for which excess of tax collections over administrative expenditures could be appropriated to the unemployment account, limited authorized appropriations for the unemployment account to the excess collections for the period ending Dec. 31, 1949, provided for amounts in such account on Apr. 1, 1950, and any repayments to the account after such date be covered into the general fund of the Treasury, and provided for an additional deduction of $18,451,846 from the total amount of taxes collected prior to July 1, 1943.

1944—Subsec. (a). Act Oct. 3, 1944, §401(a), inserted “, or deposited pursuant to appropriations to the Federal unemployment account” after “unemployment insurance account” in second sentence.

Subsec. (e). Act Oct. 3, 1944, §401(b), inserted “, the Federal unemployment account” after “a separate book account for each State agency”.

Subsecs. (g), (h). Act Oct. 3, 1944, §401(c), added subsecs. (g) and (h).

1938—Subsec. (a). Act June 25, 1938, §10(e), inserted “or by the Railroad Retirement Board to the credit of the railroad unemployment insurance account”.

Subsec. (e). Act June 25, 1938, §10(f), inserted “and the railroad unemployment insurance account”.

Subsec. (f). Act June 25, 1938, §10(g), inserted second sentence.

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–369 effective July 18, 1984, but not to be construed as changing or affecting any right, liability, status, or interpretation which existed (under the provisions of law involved) before that date, see section 2664(b) of Pub. L. 98–369, set out as a note under section 401 of this title.

Effective Date of 1958 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 85–927 effective Sept. 6, 1958, except as otherwise indicated, see section 207(c) of Pub. L. 85–927, set out as a note under section 351 of Title 45, Railroads.

Effective Date of 1950 Amendment

Section 404(c) of act Aug. 28, 1950, provided that: “The amendments made by subsections (a) and (b) of this section [amending this section and section 1321 of this title] shall be effective January 1, 1950.”

Termination Date

Section 4 of act Aug. 6, 1947, provided: “Section 603 of the War Mobilization and Reconversion Act of 1944 [formerly set out as a note under section 1651 of Appendix to Title 50, War and National Defense] (terminating the provisions of such Act [sections 1651 to 1678 of Appendix to title 50] on June 30, 1947) shall not be applicable in the case of the amendments made by title IV of such Act [amending sections 1666 and 1667 of Appendix to Title 50] to the Social Security Act [this section and section 1321 of this title].”

Payments to States

Act Aug. 24, 1937, ch. 755, 50 Stat. 754, provided for payments to States of 90 per cent of proceeds of the unemployment tax collected prior to Jan. 31, 1938, where State had enacted an approved unemployment-compensation law during 1937.

§1105. Extended unemployment compensation account

(a) Establishment

There is hereby established in the Unemployment Trust Fund an extended unemployment compensation account. For the purposes provided for in section 1104(e) of this title, such account shall be maintained as a separate book account.

(b) Transfers to account

(1) Except as provided in paragraph (3), the Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer (as of the close of each month) from the employment security administration account to the extended unemployment compensation account established by subsection (a) of this section, an amount (determined by such Secretary) equal to 20 percent of the amount by which—

(A) the transfers to the employment security administration account pursuant to section 1101(b)(2) of this title during such month, exceed

(B) the payments during such month from the employment security administration account pursuant to section 1101(b)(3) and (d) of this title.


If for any such month the payments referred to in subparagraph (B) exceed the transfers referred to in subparagraph (A), proper adjustments shall be made in the amounts subsequently transferred.

(2) Whenever the Secretary of the Treasury determines pursuant to section 1101(f) of this title that there is an excess in the employment security administration account as of the close of any fiscal year beginning after June 30, 1972, there shall be transferred (as of the beginning of the succeeding fiscal year) to the extended unemployment compensation account the total amount of such excess or so much thereof as is required to increase the amount in the extended unemployment compensation account to whichever of the following is the greater:

(A) $750,000,000, or

(B) the amount (determined by the Secretary of Labor and certified by him to the Secretary of the Treasury) equal to 0.5 percent of the total wages subject (determined without any limitation on amount) to contributions under all State unemployment compensation laws for the calendar year ending during the fiscal year for which the excess is determined.


(3) The Secretary of the Treasury shall make no transfer pursuant to paragraph (1) as of the close of any month if he determines that the amount in the extended unemployment compensation account is equal to (or in excess of) the limitation provided in paragraph (2).

(c) Transfers to State accounts

Amounts in the extended unemployment compensation account shall be available for transfer to the accounts of the States in the Unemployment Trust Fund as provided in section 204(e) of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970.

(d) Advances to account; repayment

There are hereby authorized to be appropriated, without fiscal year limitation, to the extended unemployment compensation account, as repayable advances, such sums as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970. Amounts appropriated as repayable advances shall be repaid by transfers from the extended unemployment compensation account to the general fund of the Treasury, at such times as the amount in the extended unemployment compensation account is determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of Labor, to be adequate for such purpose. Repayments under the preceding sentence shall be made whenever the Secretary of the Treasury (after consultation with the Secretary of Labor) determines that the amount then in the account exceeds the amount necessary to meet the anticipated payments from the account during the next 3 months. Any amount transferred as a repayment under this subsection shall be credited against, and shall operate to reduce, any balance of advances repayable under this subsection. Amounts appropriated as repayable advances for purposes of this subsection shall bear interest at a rate equal to the average rate of interest, computed as of the end of the calendar month next preceding the date of such advance, borne by all interest bearing obligations of the United States then forming part of the public debt; except that in cases in which such average rate is not a multiple of one-eighth of 1 percent, the rate of interest shall be the multiple of one-eighth of 1 percent next lower than such average rate.

(Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §905, as added Pub. L. 87–6, §13, Mar. 24, 1961, 75 Stat. 14; amended Pub. L. 88–31, §2(c), May 29, 1963, 77 Stat. 51; Pub. L. 91–373, title III, §305(a), Aug. 10, 1970, 84 Stat. 716; Pub. L. 92–329, §2(c), June 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 398; Pub. L. 94–566, title II, §211(e)(2) [(c)(2)], Oct. 20, 1976, 90 Stat. 2677; Pub. L. 97–248, title II, §§271(b)(2)(B), 275, Sept. 3, 1982, 96 Stat. 555, 558; Pub. L. 100–203, title IX, §§9154(b)(2), (c)(1), 9155(a), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330–326; Pub. L. 102–318, title V, §531(a), July 3, 1992, 106 Stat. 315; Pub. L. 103–152, §5, Nov. 24, 1993, 107 Stat. 1518.)

References in Text

The Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970, referred to in subsecs. (c) and (d), is Pub. L. 91–373, title II, Aug. 10, 1970, 84 Stat. 708, as amended, which is set out as a note under section 3304 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code. Section 204(e) of that Act is part of that note. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1105, act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §905, 49 Stat. 641, related to administration, refunds and penalties. For further details, see Prior Law note set out preceding section 1101 of this title.

Amendments

1993—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 103–152 amended par. (1) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (1) read as follows: “Except as provided in paragraph (3), the Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer (as of the close of each month), from the employment security administration account to the extended unemployment compensation account established by subsection (a) of this section, an amount determined by him to be equal to the sum of—

“(A) 100 percent of the transfers to the employment security administration account pursuant to section 1101(b)(2) of this title during such month on account of liabilities referred to in section 1101(b)(1)(B) of this title, plus

“(B) 20 percent of the excess of the transfers to such account pursuant to section 1101(b)(2) of this title during such month on account of amounts referred to in section 1101(b)(1)(A) of this title over the payments during such month from the employment security administration account pursuant to section 1101(b)(3) and (d) of this title.

If for any such month the payments referred to in subparagraph (B) exceed the transfers referred to in subparagraph (B), proper adjustments shall be made in the amounts subsequently transferred.”

1992—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 102–318, §531(a)(1), amended par. (1) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (1) read as follows: “Except as provided by paragraph (3), the Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer (as of the close of July 1970, and each month thereafter), from the employment security administration account to the extended unemployment compensation account established by subsection (a) of this section, an amount determined by him to be equal, in the case of any month before April 1972, to one-fifth, and in the case of any month after March 1972, to one-tenth, of the amount by which—

“(A) transfers to the employment security administration account pursuant to section 1101(b)(2) of this title during such month, exceed

“(B) payments during such month from the employment security administration account pursuant to section 1101(b)(3) and (d) of this title.

If for any such month the payments referred to in subparagraph (B) exceed the transfers referred to in subparagraph (A), proper adjustments shall be made in the amounts subsequently transferred.”

Subsec. (b)(2)(B). Pub. L. 102–318, §531(a)(2), substituted “0.5 percent” for “three-eighths of 1 percent”.

1987—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 100–203, §9154(c)(1), struck out at end “In the case of any month after March 1983 and before April 1 of the first calendar year to which paragraph (2) of section 3301 of the Federal Unemployment Tax Act applies, the first sentence of this paragraph shall be applied by substituting ‘40 percent’ for ‘one-tenth’.”

Subsec. (b)(2)(B). Pub. L. 100–203, §9154(b)(2), substituted “three-eighths” for “one-eighth”.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 100–203, §9155(a), struck out “(without interest)” after “account, as repayable advances” and “, without interest,” after “shall be repaid” and inserted sentence at end providing that amounts appropriated as repayable advances for purposes of this subsection shall bear interest.

1982—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 97–248, §271(b)(2)(B), substituted “1983” for “1977”, inserted “1” after “April”, and substituted “40 percent” for “five-fourteenths” in provisions following subpar. (B).

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 97–248, §275, inserted provision that repayment shall be made whenever the Secretary of the Treasury determines that the amount then in the account exceeds the amount necessary to meet the anticipated payments from the account during the next 3 months.

1976—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 94–566 substituted “In the case of any month after March 1977 and before April of the first calendar year to which paragraph (2) of section 3301 of the Federal Unemployment Tax Act applies, the first sentence of this paragraph shall be applied by substituting ‘five-fourteenths’ for ‘one-tenth’ ” for “In the case of any month after March 1973 and before April 1974, the first sentence of this paragraph shall be applied by substituting ‘thirteen fifty-eighths’ for ‘one-tenth’ ”.

1972—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 92–329 inserted provisions for transfers in the case of any month after March 1973 and before April 1974.

1970—Pub. L. 91–373 substituted provisions for an extended unemployment compensation account for provisions for a Federal extended compensation account.

1963—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 88–31 inserted “(with respect to the calendar year 1963), or 5/13 (with respect to the calendar year 1964),”.

Effective Date of 1992 Amendment

Amendment by section 531(a) of Pub. L. 102–318 effective July 3, 1992, except that amendment by section 531(a)(2) of Pub. L. 102–318 applicable to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 1993, see section 531(e) of Pub. L. 102–318, set out as a note under section 1102 of this title.

Effective Date of 1987 Amendment

Amendment by section 9155(a) of Pub. L. 100–203 applicable to advances made on or after Dec. 22, 1987, see section 9155(d) of Pub. L. 100–203, set out as a note under section 1103 of this title.

Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by section 271(b)(2)(B) of Pub. L. 97–248 applicable to remuneration paid after Dec. 31, 1982, see section 271(d)(1) of Pub. L. 97–248, as amended, set out as a note under section 3301 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

Effective Date of 1976 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 94–566 effective Oct. 20, 1976, see section 211(d)(3) of Pub. L. 94–566, set out as a note under section 1101 of this title.

§1106. Unemployment compensation research program

(a) The Secretary of Labor shall—

(1) establish a continuing and comprehensive program of research to evaluate the unemployment compensation system. Such research shall include, but not be limited to, a program of factual studies covering the role of unemployment compensation under varying patterns of unemployment including those in seasonal industries, the relationship between the unemployment compensation and other social insurance programs, the effect of State eligibility and disqualification provisions, the personal characteristics, family situations, employment background and experience of claimants, with the results of such studies to be made public; and

(2) establish a program of research to develop information (which shall be made public) as to the effect and impact of extending coverage to excluded groups with first attention to agricultural labor.


(b) To assist in the establishment and provide for the continuation of the comprehensive research program relating to the unemployment compensation system, there are hereby authorized to be appropriated for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1971, and for each fiscal year thereafter, such sums, not to exceed $8,000,000, as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this section. From the sums authorized to be appropriated by this subsection the Secretary may provide for the conduct of such research through grants or contracts.

(Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §906, as added Pub. L. 91–373, title I, §141, Aug. 10, 1970, 84 Stat. 705.)

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1106, act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §906, 49 Stat. 642, related to excusing payment of tax by engaging in interstate commerce. For further details, see Prior Law note set out preceding section 1101 of this title.

§1107. Personnel training

(a) Creation of program

In order to assist in increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of administration of the unemployment compensation program by increasing the number of adequately trained personnel, the Secretary of Labor shall—

(1) provide directly, through State agencies, or through contracts with institutions of higher education or other qualified agencies, organizations, or institutions, programs and courses designed to train individuals to prepare them, or improve their qualifications, for service in the administration of the unemployment compensation program, including claims determinations and adjudication, with such stipends and allowances as may be permitted under regulations of the Secretary;

(2) develop training materials for and provide technical assistance to the State agencies in the operation of their training programs;

(3) under such regulations as he may prescribe, award fellowships and traineeships to persons in the Federal-State employment security agencies, in order to prepare them or improve their qualifications for service in the administration of the unemployment compensation program.

(b) Repayment of costs

The Secretary may, to the extent that he finds such action to be necessary, prescribe requirements to assure that any person receiving a fellowship, traineeship, stipend or allowance shall repay the costs thereof to the extent that such person fails to serve in the Federal-State employment security program for the period prescribed by the Secretary. The Secretary may relieve any individual of his obligation to so repay, in whole or in part, whenever and to the extent that such repayment would, in his judgment, be inequitable or would be contrary to the purposes of any of the programs established by this section.

(c) Detail of Federal and State employees

The Secretary, with the concurrence of the State, may detail Federal employees to State unemployment compensation administration and the Secretary may concur in the detailing of State employees to the United States Department of Labor for temporary periods for training or for purposes of unemployment compensation administration, and the provisions of section 869b 1 of title 20 or any more general program of interchange enacted by a law amending, supplementing, or replacing section 869b 1 of title 20 shall apply to any such assignment.

(d) Authorization of appropriations

There are hereby authorized to be appropriated for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1971, and for each fiscal year thereafter such sums, not to exceed $5,000,000, as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this section.

(Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §907, as added Pub. L. 91–373, title I, §141, Aug. 10, 1970, 84 Stat. 705.)

References in Text

Section 869b of title 20, referred to in subsec. (c), was repealed by Pub. L. 91–648, title IV, §403, Jan. 5, 1971, 84 Stat. 1925. Provisions relating to assignment of personnel to and from State and local governments are covered by section 3371 et seq. of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1107, acts Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §907, 49 Stat. 642; June 25, 1938, ch. 680, §13(a), 52 Stat. 1110, related to definitions. For further details, see Prior Law note set out preceding section 1101 of this title.

1 See References in Text note below.

§1108. Advisory Council on Unemployment Compensation

(a) Establishment

Not later than February 1, 1992, and every 4th year thereafter, the Secretary of Labor shall establish an advisory council to be known as the Advisory Council on Unemployment Compensation (referred to in this section as the “Council”).

(b) Function

It shall be the function of each Council to evaluate the unemployment compensation program, including the purpose, goals, countercyclical effectiveness, coverage, benefit adequacy, trust fund solvency, funding of State administrative costs, administrative efficiency, and any other aspects of the program and to make recommendations for improvement.

(c) Members

(1) In general

Each Council shall consist of 11 members as follows:

(A) 5 members appointed by the President, to include representatives of business, labor, State government, and the public.

(B) 3 members appointed by the President pro tempore of the Senate, in consultation with the Chairman and ranking member of the Committee on Finance of the Senate.

(C) 3 members appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives, in consultation with the Chairman and ranking member of the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives.

(2) Qualifications

In appointing members under subparagraphs (B) and (C) of paragraph (1), the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall each appoint—

(A) 1 representative of the interests of business,

(B) 1 representative of the interests of labor, and

(C) 1 representative of the interests of State governments.

(3) Vacancies

A vacancy in any Council shall be filled in the manner in which the original appointment was made.

(4) Chairman

The President shall appoint the Chairman of the Council from among its members.

(d) Staff and other assistance

(1) In general

Each Council may engage any technical assistance (including actuarial services) required by the Council to carry out its functions under this section.

(2) Assistance from Secretary of Labor

The Secretary of Labor shall provide each Council with any staff, office facilities, and other assistance, and any data prepared by the Department of Labor, required by the Council to carry out its functions under this section.

(e) Compensation

Each member of any Council—

(1) shall be entitled to receive compensation at the rate of pay for level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of title 5 for each day (including travel time) during which such member is engaged in the actual performance of duties vested in the Council, and

(2) while engaged in the performance of such duties away from such member's home or regular place of business, shall be allowed travel expenses (including per diem in lieu of subsistence) as authorized by section 5703 of title 5 for persons in the Government employed intermittently.

(f) Report

(1) In general

Not later than February 1 of the third year following the year in which any Council is required to be established under subsection (a) of this section, the Council shall submit to the President and the Congress a report setting forth the findings and recommendations of the Council as a result of its evaluation of the unemployment compensation program under this section.

(2) Report of first Council

The Council shall include in its report required to be submitted by February 1, 1995, the Council's findings and recommendations with respect to determining eligibility for extended unemployment benefits on the basis of unemployment statistics for regions, States, or subdivisions of States.

(Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §908, as added Pub. L. 91–373, title I, §141, Aug. 10, 1970, 84 Stat. 706; amended Pub. L. 98–369, div. B, title VI, §2663(d)(4), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 1167; Pub. L. 102–164, title III, §303, Nov. 15, 1991, 105 Stat. 1059; Pub. L. 103–152, §6, Nov. 24, 1993, 107 Stat. 1518.)

Codification

Section 9 of Pub. L. 102–107, Aug. 17, 1991, 105 Stat. 547, which contained provisions substantially identical to those of section 303 of Pub. L. 102–164, amending this section, did not become effective pursuant to section 10(b) of Pub. L. 102–107, because the President did not take the action required by that section by Aug. 17, 1991.

Prior Provisions

A prior section 1108, act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §908, 49 Stat. 643, related to rules and regulations. For further details, see Prior Law note set out preceding section 1101 of this title.

A prior section 1109, act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §909, 49 Stat. 643, related to an additional credit against tax. For further details, see Prior Law note set out preceding section 1101 of this title.

A prior section 1110, act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §910, 49 Stat. 644, related to conditions of additional credit allowance. For further details, see Prior Law note set out preceding section 1101 of this title.

Amendments

1993—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 103–152 substituted “third year” for “2d year” in par. (1) and “1995” for “1994” in par. (2).

1991—Pub. L. 102–164 amended section generally, substituting present provisions for provisions which in subsec. (a) established the Federal Advisory Council and its membership, in subsec. (b) prescribed the appointment of its members, in subsec. (c) required that secretarial, clerical, and other assistance be made available to the Council, in subsec. (d) provided for compensation of members, in subsec. (e) encouraged the organization of State advisory councils, and in subsec. (f) authorized certain appropriations for the work of the Council.

1984—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 98–369 substituted “5703” for “5703(b)”.

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–369 effective July 18, 1984, but not to be construed as changing or affecting any right, liability, status, or interpretation which existed (under the provisions of law involved) before that date, see section 2664(b) of Pub. L. 98–369, set out as a note under section 401 of this title.

Termination of Advisory Councils

Advisory councils established after Jan. 5, 1973, to terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period beginning on the date of their establishment, unless, in the case of a council established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government, such council is renewed by appropriate action prior to the expiration of such 2-year period, or in the case of a council established by the Congress, its duration is otherwise provided by law. See sections 3(2) and 14 of Pub. L. 92–463, Oct. 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 770, 776, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Report on Agricultural Labor Performed by Aliens

Pub. L. 102–318, title III, §303(b), July 3, 1992, 106 Stat. 297, directed Advisory Council on Unemployment Compensation to submit a report to Congress, not later than Feb. 1, 1994, on its recommendations with respect to the treatment of agricultural labor performed by aliens.

§1109. Federal Employees Compensation Account

There is hereby established in the Unemployment Trust Fund a Federal Employees Compensation Account which shall be used for the purposes specified in section 8509 of title 5. For the purposes provided for in section 1104(e) of this title, such account shall be maintained as a separate book account.

(Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §909, as added Pub. L. 96–499, title X, §1023(a), Dec. 5, 1980, 94 Stat. 2657.)

§1110. Borrowing between Federal accounts

(a) In general

Whenever the Secretary of the Treasury (after consultation with the Secretary of Labor) determines that—

(1) the amount in the employment security administration account, Federal unemployment account, or extended unemployment compensation account, is insufficient to meet the anticipated payments from the account,

(2) such insufficiency may cause such account to borrow from the general fund of the Treasury, and

(3) the amount in any other such account exceeds the amount necessary to meet the anticipated payments from such other account,


the Secretary shall transfer to the account referred to in paragraph (1) from the account referred to 1 paragraph (3) an amount equal to the insufficiency determined under paragraph (1) (or, if less, the excess determined under paragraph (3)).

(b) Treatment of advance

Any amount transferred under subsection (a) of this section—

(1) shall be treated as a noninterest-bearing repayable advance, and

(2) shall not be considered in computing the amount in any account for purposes of the application of sections 1101(f)(2), 1102(b), and 1105(b) of this title.

(c) Repayment

Whenever the Secretary of the Treasury (after consultation with the Secretary of Labor) determines that the amount in the account to which an advance is made under subsection (a) of this section exceeds the amount necessary to meet the anticipated payments from the account, the Secretary shall transfer from the account to the account from which the advance was made an amount equal to the lesser of the amount so advanced or such excess.

(Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IX, §910, as added Pub. L. 102–318, title V, §531(c), July 3, 1992, 106 Stat. 316.)

1 So in original. Probably should be “to in”.